THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  ILLINOIS 

LIBRARY 


m 


CENTENNIAL 
BANNER 


NATIONAL  AND  STATE  FLAGS  AND  CENTENNIAL  BANNER 


MCLEAN  COUNTY 

ILLINOIS 


IN  THE 


WORLD   WAR 

*   *    1917-1918    *   * 


DEDICATED  TO  THE  SOLDIERS,  MARINES,  SAILORS, 

AVIATORS  AND  ALL  THE  6,000  FROM   McLEAN 

COUNTY,  WHO  TOOK  AN  ACTIVE  PART 

IN   THE   CONFLICT,  EITHER 

AT  HOME  OR  ABROAD 


E.  E.  PIERSON  and  J.  L.  HASBROUCK 

EDITORS 
BLOOMINGTON,  ILL. 


PUBLISHED  BY  THE 

McLEAN  COUNTY  WAR  PUBLISHING  COMPANY 
BLOOMINGTON,  ILL. 


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MCLEAN  COUNTY'S  PART  IN  WORLD  WAR. 

When  the  cataclysm  of  war  which  had  flooded  Europe  from  the  time 
of  its  outbreak  in  1914  had  finally  overrun  its  bounds  and  swept  across 
the  Atlantic  to  the  shores  of  America,  in  1917,  some  of  its  waves  broke 
into  the  farthest  corners  of  our  country. 

The  awakening  to  the  awful  fact  of  war  was  somewhat  slow;  the 
people  rubbed  their  eyes  and  for  a  time  thought  that  it  must  be  some 
horrible  dream — that  it  could  not  be  true.  But  when  once  aroused  to 
the  truth  that  they,  too,  along  with  the  peoples  of  all  America  and  the 
sore  oppressed  population  of  Europe,  were  to  taste  the  terror  and  suffer- 
ing, it'  not  the  actual  devastation  of  war,  they  arose  in  spirit  to  the 
height  of  energy  and  sacrifice  that  must  for  many  years,  and  even  many 
generations,  remain  a  page  of  their  history  which  is  glorious  and  un- 
forgettable. It  is  the  mission  of  this  book  to  set  down  in  some  manner 
the  activities  and  the  life  of  that  period — the  personnel  and  deeds  of  the 
men  who  went  into  the  actual  work  of  war,  and  the  work  and  feelings 
of  the  larger  body  of  people  who  at  home  carried  on  the  manifold  and 
sacrificial  labors  of  the  great  struggle. 

The  complete  story  may  never  be  written,  for  the  compass  of  no 
one  volume  could  contain  the  myriad  threads  that  made  up  the  warp 
and  woof  of  life  in  that  time.  But  that  its  general  outline  may  be  pre- 
served in  somewhat  permanent  form;  that  at  least  the  high  lights  of  the 
picture  may  be  set  on  canvas  to  defy  the  obliteration  of  forgetfulness, 
was  the  task  which  urged  the  compilers  of  this  book. 

The  first  hint  of  the  on-coming  of  war  was  felt  in  this  county  thru 
the  Ked  Cross,  a  chapter  of  which  had  been  formed  in  the  year  1916. 
Even  before  the  United  States  had  broken  diplomatic  relations  with 
Germany  in  the  late  winter  of  1917,  the  national  headquarters  of  the 
Bed  Cross  sent  out  warnings  to  its  chapters:  "Prepare."  Accordingly, 
the  Bloomington  chapter  (afterward  the  McLean  county  chapter)  early 
in  the  spring,  began  to  get  upon  a  war  basis,  both  as  to  membership, 
money  and  organization.  Starting  thus  early,  the  story  of  the  achieve- 
ments of  the  Eed  Cross  of  McLean  county  is  one  of  the  most  pride- 
worthy  phases  of  the  war  history.  • 

Hardly  had  the  congress  of  the  country  actually  declared  war,  until 
the  youth  of  the  county  sprang  to  arms.  They  voluntarily  enlisted  in 
the  army  and  navy  by  scores  and  hundreds  from  April  of  1917  un^l  the 
lists  were  closed  in  the  latter  part  of  1918.  The  Bloomington  recruiting 
station  was  one  of  the  busy  scenes  of  the  community  from  the  first  days 
of  the  war,  and  many  hundreds  of  young  men  had  gone  into  the  ranks 
and  received  their  preliminary  military  training  before  the  passage  of 
the  national  draft  law  by  which  a  general  drain  upon  tne  man  power 
of  the  land  was  inaugurated.  And  when  the  nation  decided  that  a  gen- 
eral draft  law  should  become  enforced,  there  was  no  part  of  the  country 
which  more  willingly  acceded  to  the  martial  needs  of  time  than  McLean 
county.  Young  men  between  the  ages  of  18  and  31  to  the  number  of 
over  10,000  willingly  enrolled  in  this  county  and  submitted  themselves 
to  the  call  to  arms  at  any  time  that  the  government  might  need  them. 
The  story  of  the  workings  of  the  draft  boards,  which  examined  and 
.  sent  into  service  more  than  2,000  young  men  of  the  county,  is  a  story 
of  labor  arduously  and  painstakingly  done  on  behalf  of  the  men  com- 
posing the  boards,  and  of  inspiring  submission  by  the  young  men  them- 
selves to  a  call  of  duty  such  as  had  never  before  in  the  history  of  the 
country  been  placed  before  the  youth  of  the  land. 

Filled  with  sadness  and  yet  touched  with  a  coloring  of  supreme 
martyrdom  is  the  story  of  how  more  than  150  young  men  from  this  county 
went  forth  to  return  no  more.  On  field  of  battle,  in  dangers  of  the 
sea  and  land,  by  sickness  of  the  camp  and  march,  these  heroic  youth 
gave  up  their  lives. 


Of  those  who  returned  from  the  war,  not  a  few  came  with  shattered 
bodies,  torn  by  bullets  or  shells  in  ways  which  it  will  require  years  to 
heal,  if  indeed  they  ever  become  their  former  selves.  Scores  of  young 
men  will  live  thru  the  years  carrying  their  scars. 

But  not  all  the  heroism  of  the  war  was  with  the  men  who  went  to 
battle.  Thru  two  years  of  watching  and  waiting  at  home,  the  mothers 
and  sisters  and  sweethearts  of  the  youth  toiled  as  they  had  never  toiled 
before,  to  supply  to  the  men  in  the  service  the  things  which  they  must 
needs  have  to  meet  the  fierce  test  of  the  struggle.  In  branches  of  the 
Red  Cross  and  its  allied  organizations,  the  women  of  the  county  spent 
hundreds  of  days  and  nights  making  literally  millions  of  articles  which 
the  men  might  need  in  camp  or  hospital.  Usual  pleasures  and  pastimes 
were  forsaken,  and  the  whole  thought  and  occupation  of  the  women  at 
home  were  centered  on  the  supreme  need  of  the  country. 

The  men  who  stayed  at  home — the  fathers  and  older  brothers  of  the 
fighting  men — these,  too,  have  written  a  chapter  in  the  county  history 
of  the  war.  Their  money  furnished  the  millions  of  dollars  which  this 
rich  county  sent  into  the  treasury  of  the  nation  to  bear  the  fearful 
burden  of  war's  expenses.  Five  times  were  they  called  upon  to  loan 
their  money  to  the  nation  to  carry  on  the  war,  and  five  times  did  they 
respond  with  open  pocketbooks. 

Here  are  some  of  the  things  which  McLean  county  people  did  to- 
ward the  overthrow  of  the  world  menace: 

Offered  some  2,500  young  men  as  volunteers  for  service  in  the  army 
and  navy. 

Sent  more  than  2,500  more  young  men  into  service  through  the 
operation  of  the  draft  law. 

Eaised  more  than  $11,000,000  in  the  five  different  liberty  loan 
drives  to  lend  to  their  government  to  prosecute  the  war. 

Gave  some  fifty  or  more  of  the  leading  physicians  and  surgeons  to 
the  service  of  the  government  during  the  war,  on  battle  fields  and 
camps. 

Gave  a  score  or  more  of  nurses  to  succor  the  wounded  and  sick  on 
the  field  and  in  hospitals. 

Sent  a  half  hundred  men  and  women  to  the  service  in  the  work  of 
the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  and  its  allied  humanitarian  fields. 

Eaised  more  than  $140,000  for  the  work  of  the  Bed  Cross  in  the 
two  great  drives  of  the  war. 

Enlisted  14,000  men,  women  and  children  in  the  active  membership 
of  the  Bed  Cross  in  this  county. 

Baised  some  $50,000  for  the  work  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  in  war  in  the 
different  drives  for  that  purpose. 

Contributed  the  sum  of  over  $170,000  in  the  United  War  Work  drive. 

Donated  thousands  of  dollars  for  the  work  of  the  Salvation  Army, 
the  Jewish  Welfare  campaign,  the  Armenian  Belief  campaign  and  other 
humanitarian  projects  connected  with  the  war. 

Offered  the  very  lives  of  more  than  150  men  from  this  county  or 
former  residents  here,  who  died  on  battle  fields,  in  camps  and  on  the 
seas. 

Contributed  to  the  use  and  comfort  of  the  men  in  the  service  more 
than  441,114  articles  valued  at  $123,000  through  the  work  of  the  women 
of  the  Bed  Cross  in  McLean  county. 

Organized  the  women  and  girls  of  the  county  into  bands  of  tire- 
less, unselfish  working  people  whose  time  and  strength  was  given  without 
stint  to  the  business  of  furnishing  war-needed  materials. 

Subscribed  for  more  than  a  million  dollars'  worth  of  War  Saving 
Stamps  by  which  the  thrift  of  the  people  of  smaller  means  was  pro- 
moted. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS 


PAGES 

Dedication  County   Service   Flag Frontispiece 

Preface    3-5 

Camp    Wheeler    6 

Chronology  of  Local  Events  During  War 7-42 

In   Memoriam — Histories   of   Those  Who  Died   in   War 43-111 

Draft  Boards  and   Their   Work 112-121 

Eed  Cross  Work  in  McLean  County 122-143 

v   History   of   Liberty  Loan   Campaigns 145-154 

War    Time    Community    Singing 155-161 

N  Women   and   Food    Conservation 1(55-1(59 

v  Women    in    Service 170-172 

SMcLean  County  Council   of  Defense 173-176 

Gen.   James   G.    Harbord 177-181 

Some  Sketches   of   McLean   County   Army  Officers 182-201 

Colored  Soldiers  of  this  County 202-203 

County  Food   Administration 206-212 

Medical  Men   in  Service 213-227 

McLean  County  Bar 's  Honor  Eoll 229-234 

Congressman   John   A.  Sterling 235 

County   Fuel    Administration 239-242 

Co.  D  and  124th  Machine  Gun  Battalion 244-248 

Some  of  Our  War  Flyers 249-253 

French   and   Belgian   Relief  Association 257-260 

Farmers '  Work  in  War 261-262 

The   Minute  Men 262 

County  and  Legislative  Officials  During  War 265-268 

American  Legion    273-281 

Company  M    288 

Honor  Eolls  of  Orders  and  Firms 289-350 

Grand   Honor   Eoll   of   McLean   County   Men   and   Women   in 

Service..  ..420-500 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 


WAR  HISTORY  DAY  BY  DAY  IN  McLEAN  COUNTY 

1917 

Feb.      1 — Germany  issued  orders  for  ruthless  submarine  warfare. 
Feb.      5 — Pastors    of    Bloomington    churches    pray    that    peace    may    be 

preserved  and  war  averted. 
Feb.      4 — Call  received  by  Bloomington  chapter  of  American  Eed  Cross 

to  prepare  for  organization  on  a  war  basis  or  for  any  event- 
uality. 
Feb.      5 — Executive    committee    from    Bloomington    chapter    Eed    Cross 

meets  and  decides  that  this  chapter  shall  include  whole  county. 
Feb.      8 — Major  E.  C.  Butler  announces  that  if  this  country  goes  to  war, 

McLean  county  could  raise  a  regiment  of  soldiers. 
Feb.    17 — Red   Cross   issues  first   call  for  hospital  supplies   and   articles 

for  men  in  service. 
Feb.    22 — Mayor  E.  E.  Jones  of  Bloomington  issues  proclamation  calling 

on  all  citizens  to  display  the  American  flag. 
Feb.    22 — Eaising  of  a  new  flag  at  the  Bloomington  high  school  donated 

by  the  D.  A.  E. 
Feb.    26 — Dr.  E.  Rembe  back  after  three  years  of  service  as  surgeon  in 

German  army. 
Feb.    26 — Meeting  of  Eed  Cross  chapter  tells  of  establishment  of  sewing 

room  in  the  Durley  building. 
Feb.    26 — News  that  President  Wilson  asks  authority  of  Congress  to  use 

the   armed   forces  of  the   United  States   to  protect   American 

ships  from  submarine  warfare. 

Feb.    26 — Sinking  of  the   Laconia   with   American   lives. 
Feb.    26 — Miss  Carolyn  Wilson,  newspaper  woman,  lectures  at  high  school 

on  experiences  in  Germany. 
Mar.      1 — F.  M.  Bailey,  government  official,  visits  Bloomington  wireless 

stations  with  a  view  of  taking  them  over. 
Mar.     2 — President   empowered   to   arm   merchantmen. 
Mar.     4 — President  Wilson  inaugurated  for  second  term  as  president. 
Mar.     5 — Plans  announced  for  rushing  Eed  Cross  campaign  for  member- 
ships. 

Mar.  10 — President  calls  congress  to  meet  in  extra  session  on  April  16. 
Mar.  14 — McLean  county  medical  society  endorses  the  work  of  the  Eed 

Cross. 
Mar.  14 — Mayor  Jones  announces  plan  for  using  vacant  lots  in  city  as 

gardens  during  the  war. 
Mar.  15 — Emperor  of  Eussia  abdicates. 
Mar.  17 — Bomanoff  dynasty  ended. 
Mar.  18 — Sidney  Morgan  from  Washington  addresses  a  mass  meeting  in 

Bloomington  in  interest  of  Eed  Cross. 
Mar.  20 — Mayor  Jones  issues  call  to  citizens  to  rally  to  support  of  the 

Eed  Cross. 

Mar.  24 — End  or  Eed   Cross  campaign,  with  membership  of  1,221. 
Mar.  26 — Company  D  of  the  I.  N.  G.  gets  orders  to  mobilize.     Men  sleep 

first  night  in  barracks. 

Mar.  28 — Company  D  takes  part  in  first  drill  in  streets. 
April    5 — Announcement  that  no   naturalization  papers  will  be  granted 

to  former  residents  of  Germany  and  Austria. 

April    5 — Announcement   of   elemental   military  training   course  to   be  in- 
stalled at  the  Wesleyan  iiniversity. 
April    5 — First  appeal  by  the  Eed  Cross  for  articles  to  be  sent  to  the 

men  of  Company  D.     Classes  in   nursing  formed. 
April     6 — United   States  officially  declared   at  war  with   Germany. 
April    6 — Sergt.  Jones,  recruiting  officer,  issues  appeal  for  co-operation 

in  securing  recruits  for  army. 


8 McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAX 

April    8 — Normal  joins  in  Eed  Cross  drive  for  materials. 
April    9 — Nurses  and  doctors  enlisted  for  war  work. 
April    9 — Fourteen  recruits  secured  in  one  day  at  army  recruiting  sta- 
tion. 
April  10 — Speech   of  Congressman   Sterling  made  public   telling  why  he 

voted   in   congress  for   the   war   resolution. 

April  10 — Close  of  wireless  stations  here  on  orders  from  government. 
April  11 — First  steps  to  form  military  companies  at  the  Wesleyan.     Flag 

raising  at  the  B.  &  N.  car  barns. 
April  13 — Call  for  recruits  to  fill  up  Company  D. 
April  14 — Public  flag  raising  at  the  Alton  railroad  shops. 
April  18 — Flag  raising  at  the  Wesleyan  university. 
April  18 — Great   patriotic   demonstration   at   night;    street    parade    and 

speeches. 

April  20 — Mrs.  M.  T.  Scott  offers  her  home  in  Bloomington  to  the  gov- 
ernment  for  war  hospital. 
April  22 — T.  Fitch  Harwood  gets  first  instruction  and  application  blanks 

for    enlistment    of    men    for    officers'   training    camp    at    Fort 

Sheridan. 
April  23 — Eed  Cross  sends  out  cards  for  enlistment  of  women  for  various 

kinds  of  war  service.     Classes   formed   at   the  Wesleyan  for 

teaching  first  aid  to  the   injured. 
April  23 — Meeting  called  for  starting  a  campaign  for  a  Y.  M.  C.  A.  war 

fund. 
April  24 — Announcement  that  63  men  have  been  enlisted  at  recruiting 

station  during  April. 

April  24 — Eleven  wireless  stations  closed  in  Bloomington  and  Normal. 
April  26 — First   meeting  for  forming  food  conservation  branch   of  Eed 

Cross. 

April  27— Y.  M.  C.  A.  fund  reaches  its  first  $1,000. 
April  27 — Miss  Mabel  Garrison,  famous  singer,  gives  concert  as  benefit 

of  Eed  Cross,  under  auspices  of  Amateur  Musical  club. 
April  29 — First  report  on  work  of  Eed  Cross  work  rooms. 
May      1 — Announcement  of  100  men  recruited  for  army  at  local  station. 
May      1 — Navy  recruiting  station  opened  in  Bloomington. 
May      3 — Bloomington  banks  get  message  offering  first  war  bonds  from 

government. 

May      4 — Appeal  from  Eed  Cross  for  socks  for  the  soldiers. 
May      6 — Miss   Alice   Smith    of   Normal   departs   for   France   with   first 

American  hospital  unit. 
May      7 — Four  Burger  brothers  of  McLean  enlist  in  the  army  at  local 

station. 
May      8 — Government  makes  inquiries  in  Bloomington  as  to  possible  site 

for  establishing  flying  school. 

May    10 — Mrs.  F.  H.  Funk  goes  to   Chicago  to  attend  meeting  for  or- 
ganizing women  of  Illinois  for  war  work. 
May    10 — Bloomington  men  named  in  first  call  of  men  to  attend  officers' 

school  at  Fort  Sheridan. 

May    10 — D.  A.  E.  chapter  adopts  war  orphans. 
May    10 — Guns  arrive  for  Wesleyan  students  in  military  drill. 
May    11 — Bloomington  chapter  of  Eed  Cross  needs  a  fund  of  $5,000  to 

carry   on  its  work. 
May    13 — First  three  men  from  Bloomington  get  call  to  report  at  Fort 

Sheridan. 

May    13— Call  issued  for  a  meeting  of  the  "Girls  of   '61." 
May    14 — Girls  of   '61  form  a  permanent  organization. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WO  ELD    WAE 9 

May    16 — Bloomington 's   Woman's   Club   passes    a   resolution   to   help    in 

every  way  in  work   connected  with  the  war. 
May    16 — Eeport  that  the  Fifth  regiment,  I.  N.  G.,  including  Company  D, 

is  to  be  sent  to  Houston. 
May    18 — President   issues   proclamation   calling   upon    all   men   in   United 

States  between  the  ages  of  21  and  31  inclusive  to   register  on 

June   5   for  military   service. 
May    21 — "Yankee  Doodle  Minstrels"  put  on  by  Young  Men's   club,   as 

benefit   for  Red  Cross,  clears  $1,000. 
May    22 — First  shipment  of  goods  from  the  Bloomington  chapter  of  Bed 

Cross  to  Central  division  headquarters. 

May    22 — News  published   that  first   American   soldiers   arrive   in   London. 
May    24 — Mayor   of    Bloomington    issues   proclamation    calling   upon    men 

between  ages  of  21  and  31  to  register  according  to  president's 

call. 
May    27 — Three   nurses   from   Bloomington   chapter   of   Red  Cross  sent   to 

Mattoon  and  Charleston  to  assist  in  care  of  people  injured  in 

tornado. 
June      1 — Announcement  of  $1,500,000  as  McLean  County 's  quota  for  first 

liberty  loan. 

June     2 — Bankers  of  county  meet  to  plan  for  raising  liberty  loan. 
June     5 — Registration  of  men  between  21  and  31  for  military  service  under 

new  draft  law. 
June   10 — Red  Cross  chapter  starts  drive  to  raise  county  quota  of  $50,000 

'  toward  the  hundred  million  drive  in  the  country. 
June   10 — Wesleyan  baccalaureate  with  two   graduates   in   khaki  uniforms 

of  military   service. 
June   14 — Close  of  liberty  loan  campaign  in  county  with  $1,007,000  raised, 

considerably   less   than   quota. 
June    14 — Ruth  Law,   flying  over  in   behalf  of  liberty  loan,  is  forced  by 

machine  trouble  to  alight  and  spend  night  at  Lexington. 
June   20 — Major  Edward  C.   Butler  takes  steps  toward   organizing  a  new 

company  in   Bloomington   for   Illinois   National   Guard. 
June   22 — Published  list  of  200  men  who  had  volunteered  for  army  service 

since   first   of  year. 
June   22 — Knights  of  Pythias  state  encampment  abandoned  on  account  of 

the  war. 
June   25 — Red  Cross   drive   closes  with  $66,441   announced   as  total  raised 

on  a  quota  of  $50,000. 
June   26 — Members   of  exemption  boards  under  draft  law  are  named  for 

two  districts  in  McLean  county. 

June   27 — Revised  totals  for  Red  Cross  fund  show  $67,223. 
July      9 — Official  registration  lists  forwarded  to  Washington,  showing  5,841 

draft  subjects  for  this  county. 

July    16 — First  arrest  of  man  for  attempt  to  dodge  draft  law. 
July    16 — Danville   officer   inspects   new   company   of  the   Tenth   regiment, 

I.  N.  G. 

July    20 — Announcement   of  food   rules  for  all  kitchens. 
July    20-21 — Announcement  of  all  serial  numbers  for  men  in  this  county. 
July    23 — Announcement  of  numbers  of  first  draft  quota  from  this  county; 

236  men  from  board  1,  and  157  from  board  two. 
July    23 — Volunteer  shop  opened  at  Red  Cross  rooms. 
July    26 — Sixty-two  boys  of  Company  K  of  the  Eighth  regiment,  I.  N.  G., 

start  for  Peoria  to  join  colored  regiment. 
July    29 — Bloomington  council  of  Knights  of  Columbus  launch  drive   for 

war  work  fund. 
July    30 — Two  military  airplanes  from  Rantoul  field  alight  at  country  club 

grounds  here. 


10  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

Aug.     7 — First  physical  examinations  of  men  by  county  draft  boards. 

Aug.     7 — Demonstration  of  U.  of  C.  army  ambulance  unit. 

Aug.     9 — Bed   Cross  benefit   ball   game  between  fat  men  of  Bloomington 

against  Normal  nets  $200   for   Eed  Cross. 
Aug.    10 — Company  D  of  the  I.  N.  G.  ordered  to  Texas  after  months  of 

guard  duty  at  Hannibal  and  Valley  City. 
Aug.   11 — Second  call  for  draft  men  to  fill  first  quota. 
Aug.    12 — State  accepts  Bloomington 's  new  company  for  Tenth  regiment, 

I.  N.  G. 
Aug.    13 — Announcement  of  first  group  of  Bloomington  men  made  officers 

at  Ft.  Sheridan  training  school. 

Aug.   15 — Eugene  Funk  named  on  national  board  of  food  control. 
Aug.    15 — Five  hundred  more  men  called  by  draft  boards,  only  136  having 

been  accepted  to  this  time. 

Aug.    16 — New  militia  company  to  be  known  as  Company  M. 
Aug.    19 — Draft  boards  call  500  more  men. 
Aug.   22 — Date  of  Sept.  4  fixed  as  time  for  general  public  demonstration 

in  honor  of  men  called  to  service  in  the  draft. 
Aug.   22 — Bloomington   made   district   center   for    food   control. 
Aug.   24 — Examinations  .  of  draft  men  for  first  quota  are  ended. 
Aug.    24- — Twelve  BJoomington  men   enter  second   officers'  training  school 

at  Ft.   Sheridan. 
Aug.   29- — Total   of  volunteer   enlistments   for   army   in   this   county   since 

first  of  the  year  is  424. 
Sept.     1 — Orders    received    for    organization    of    canteen    service    of    Eed 

Cross.  Capt.  C.  L.  Hills  named  chairman  of  canteen  committee. 
Sept.  3 — Fifteen  airplanes  from  Chanute  field  at  Eantoul  alight  at  Leroy. 
Sept.  3 — Announcement  of  names  of  first  twenty  men  to  be  sent  from  this 

county  into  the  national  army  under  the  draft  law. 
Sept.     4 — Great  public  celebration  in  honor  of  all  men  called  in  the  draft; 

parade   of  civic  bodies   in   the  streets,   speeches  at   Miller  park 

and   dinner  for  all   draft  men  in  park  pavilion. 

Sept.  5 — -First  twenty  men  from  draft  depart  for  Camp  Dodge,  Iowa. 
Sept.  5 — Leroy  holds  public  demonstration  in  honor  of  new  soldiers. 
Sept.  10 — Michio  Nakamura  enlists  in  army,  being  first  Japanese  to 

volunteer  from  this  county. 
Sept.  10 — CaJl  for  men  up  to  serial  number  1,000  for  examination  before 

the  draft  boards. 

Sept.  13 — First  list  of  Bloomington  high  school  boys  in  the  service,  number- 
ing nine. 

Sept.  14 — Company  D  of  the  Fifth  regiment,  I.  N.  G.,  goes  to  Texas. 
Sept.  13 — Corporal  Wishart  of  the  Canadian  army  makes  a  thrilling  address 

before  the  Botary  Club  on  the  issues  of  the  war 
Sept.  13 — Board  ends  examinations  of  men  for  first  draft  quota. 
Sept.  15 — Announced   that   Bloomiugtou   library   has   shipped    1,000   books 

for  soldiers. 

Sept.  17 — Prizes  awarded  for  war  gardens  in  Bloomington. 
Sept.  18 — Word    received    that    Prof.    John    G.    Coulter   was    wounded    at 

Verdun,  France. 

Sept.  18 — Start   drive  for   a   fund   of  $1,500   for  library  war  work  in  co- 
operation  with    American    library    association. 
Sept.  18 — Four   train  loads   of   Michigan   soldiers   on   their   way   south   to 

training   camps   parade   the   streets    of   Bloomington. 
Sept.  19 — Howard    Humphreys    named    food    administrator    for    McLean 

County;   township  organizations   formed. 

Sept.  19 — Second  contingent  of  draft  men  sent  to  Camp  Dodge,  number- 
ing 219. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAX 


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12  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

Sept.  24 — Classes  in  food  conservation  begin  work  with  public  meeting  at 
high  school  addressed  by  Mrs.  Spencer  Ewing. 

Sept.  29 — Announced  that  Company  M  will  be  reorganized  on  new  basis 
and  with  new  men. 

Oct.  1 — Y.  W.  C.  A.  drive  for  war  work  fund  closes  with  $5,055.03 
pledged,  on  a  quota  of  $5,000. 

Oct.  1 — McLean  county  bankers  meet  to  organize  for  the  second  liberty 
loan  drive. 

Oct.  2 — Citizens'  committee  of  Bloomington  organizes  to  co-operate  with 
bankers  in  liberty  loan  campaign. 

Oct.       2 — Announcement  of  winter  series  of  community  sings  in  city. 

Oct.  3 — D.  O.  Thompson,  county  farm  adviser,  sends  out  call  for  meet- 
ing of  women  to  consider  employment  of  county  home  adviser. 

Oct.  3 — Report  of  fund  raised  for  entertainment  on  soldiers '  day  shows 
balance  remaining  of  $692. 

Oct.  3 — Woman's  club  holds  a  luncheon  which  was  meatless,  wheatless 
and  butterless. 

Oct.       4 — County  organization   perfected  for  liberty  loan  drive. 

Oct.       4 — Company  M  returns  from  tour  of  duty  at  Springfield. 

Oct.  5 — Eed  Cross  issues  official  denial  that  knitted  articles  are  sold 
to  soldiers. 

Oct.  5 — Preliminary  organization  formed  to  promote  the  employment 
of  county  home  adviser. 

Oct.  7 — Women  meet  with  Mrs.  G.  B.  Bead  to  make  dresses  for  war 
orphans.  This  was  the  inception  of  the  Belgian  Eelief  organiza- 
tion. 

Oct.       7 — Community  sings  organized  for  the  winter  throughout  the  county. 

Oct.  8 — Y.  M.  C.  A.  closes  membership  drive  with  a  total  of  1,050  mem- 
bers secured. 

Oct.  9 — President  announces  government  food  control  to  go  into  effect 
November  1. 

Oct.  9 — It  is  announced  from  Houston  that  Company  D  of  the  Fifth 
regiment  will  be  transferred  into  machine  gun  battalion. 

Oct.     11 — Normal  raises  its  quota  of  $250  for  the  national  library  fund. 

Oct.  11 — It  is  announced  that  there  is  no  anthracite  coal  in  Bloomington, 
owing  to  war  conditions. 

Oct.     12 — City  to  buy  1,000  tons  of  soft  coal  and  sell  to  the  people  at  cost. 

Oct.  13 — Announced  that  the  week  of  Oct.  23  will  be  observed  as  food 
saving  week. 

Oct.  13 — Bloomington  Association  of  Commerce  flings  out  its  first  service 
flag  with  thirteen  stars. 

Oct.     15— Normal  women  meet  and  organize  for  war  work. 

Oct.  16 — Publication  of  a  list  of  seventy-two  men  from  the  Wesleyan, 
students  and  graduates,  who  are  in  the  military  or  naval  service. 

Oct.  17 — Bloomington  Journal  applies  for  permit  to  publish  under  gov- 
ernment regulation  of  papers  printed  in  foreign  languages. 

Oct.  18 — School  of  instruction  for  precinct  captains  for  the  registration 
of  women. 

Oct.  21 — Lee  J.  Roebuck  killed  in  aeroplane  accident  in  Canada,  being 
first  soldier  from  Bloomington  to  give  up  his  life  in  the  war. 

Oct.     23 — County   organization   perfected    for  women's   registration. 

Oct.  25 — Funeral  of  Lee  J.  Roebuck  held  at  the  First  Methodist  church 
in  Bloomington. 

Oct.  25 — Saybrook  celebrates  patriotic  day  and  unveils  the  honor  roll 
of  her  young  men  in  the  service. 

Oct.  26 — Miss  Harriet  Vittum  makes  address  in  Bloomington  to  stir  up 
enthusiasm  among  women  for  war  work. 

Oct.     26 — Close  of  library  fund  campaign  with  total  of  $1,125  raised. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 13 

Oct.     26 — Room  at  426  North  Main  street  opened  as  Belgian  Eelief  work 

headquarters. 
Oct.     28 — Annual  meeting  of  Bloomington  chapter  of  Bed  Cross,  showing 

total  membership  of  11,337  and  total  number  of  articles  shipped 

up  to  date  65,140. 
Oct.     29 — Close    of   liberty   loan    drive   with   $1,900,000    subscribed    on    a 

quota  of  $1,800,000. 
Oct.     29 — D.  O.  Thompson  appointed  by  state  council  of  defense  to  organize 

county  food  production  and  conservation  bureau. 

Oct.     30 — First  Meatless  day  observed  in  Bloomington  under  the  sugges- 
tion of  the  national  food  control  board. 
Oct.     31 — First  Wheatless  day. 

Oct.     31 — War  tax  goes  into  effect  on  theaters  and  other  entertainments. 
Oct.     31 — Bloomington  coal  dealers  send  committee  to  Chicago  to  consult 

with  state  fuel  administration  about  getting  supply  of  coal. 
Oct.     31 — Final    figures    on    county    liberty    loan    drive    shows    total    of 

$1,904,050  subscribed. 

Oct.     31 — Announced  that  all  orders  for  fuel  may  be  censorized. 
Oct.     31 — Local   campaign   organized   for   drive   for   war   recreation    fund. 
Oct.     31 — Bloomington  Red  Cross  headquarters  moved  from  Durley  build- 
ing to  library  rooms  and  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
Nov.     1 — Uniform  price  for  soft  coal  by  all  dealers  fixed  at  conference 

of  coal  men  with  fuel  administration. 

Nov.     3 — Harry  Wheeler  of  Chicago,  food  administrator  for  Illinois,  ad- 
dresses mass  meeting  at  high  school  auditorium. 
Nov.     5 — County   campaign   started   for  war   camp   recreation   fund,   with 

goal  set  at  $3,000. 

Nov.     5 — Registration  of  women  starts  for  war  work. 
Nov.      6 — Announcement  of  a  loving  cup  to  be  given  as  prize  to  city  school 

making  best  showing  in  community  singing  contest. 
Nov.      6 — Wesleyan  students  pledge  a  total  of  $1,500   toward  the  county 

war  recreation   fund  campaign. 
Nov.     8 — Simultaneous  singing  meetings  in  nearly  every  school  house  in 

Bloomington. 
Nov.     9 — Bloomington    club    announces    that    its    entertainments    during 

winter  will  be  greatly  restricted  owing  to  war   conditions. 
Nov.   12 — Red    Cross    issues    an    appeal    for    larger    supply    of    surgical 

dressings. 
Nov.   11 — Two  thousand  people  attend  first  Sunday  afternoon  community 

sing  at  high  school  auditorium,  with  Peter  Dykeman  of  Madison, 

Wis.,  as  leader. 
Nov.    13 — Announcement    of    starting    of    drive    for    Bloomington    district 

(McLean  and  DeWitt  counties)    drive  for  quota  of  $35,000  for 

Y.  M.  C.  A.  war  work  fund. 
Nov.   14 — Announcement  that  the  Alton  railroad  has  carried  15,000  soldiers 

so  far  during  the  war. 
Nov.   15 — Normal    university   announces    plan    for    enlistment    of   students 

for  farm  labor. 
Nov.   15 — U.   S.   Senator   James   Hamilton  Lewis   makes  stirring   patriotic 

address  at  mass  meeting  in  high  school. 

Nov.    16 — Normal  public  school  dedicates  service  flag  with  thirty-six  stars. 
Nov.    16 — Exemption  board  No.   2  makes  its  report  to  Washington  of  the 

complete  classification  of  all  registrants. 
Nov.    16 — Boys  at  Bloomington  high  school  raise  $800  in  forty-five  minutes 

for  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  war  work   fund. 

Nov.   16 — Shortage   of  sugar  supplies   announced  by   food   administration. 
Nov.    16 — One   thousand   soldiers   from   the   royal   flying  corps  of   Canada 

parade  streets  of  Bloomington. 


14 McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOKLD    WAE 

Nov.  16 — McLean  county  Better  Farming  Association  announces  its  pur- 
pose to  seek  increase  of  20  per  cent  in  production  of  pork  in 
county  for  coming  season. 

Nov.  18 — Announcement  of  organization  of  home  service  department  of 
Bed  Cross  work  in  Bloomington. 

Nov.  19 — End  of  drive  for  Y.  M.  C.  A.  war  work  fund  with  total  raised  of 
$41,856  on  a  quota  of  $35,000.  The  subscriptions  include  those 
from  schools  and  universities. 

Nov.  19 — Large  contingent  of  McLean  county  soldier  boys  go  from  Camp 
Dodge  to  Camp  Pike. 

Nov.  19 — Order  issued  by  city  to  shut  off  all  cluster  lights  on  streets 
except  top  globe,  in  order  to  conserve  fuel. 

Nov.  19 — Bloomington  chapter  of  D.  A.  E.  votes  to  subscribe  to  fund 
to  rebuild  destroyed  French  village. 

Nov.  20 — Bloomington  chapter  of  Bed  Cross  asked  for  a  quota  of  893 
Christmas  packets  to  be  sent  to  soldiers. 

Nov.  21 — Bloomington  women 's  branch  of  National  Council  of  Defense 
is  organized  and  gets  busy. 

Nov.  21 — Announcement  of  first  community  sing  in  county  outside  of  city, 
at  the  Frink  school. 

Nov.  22 — Miss  Ahrens  of  Chicago  speaks  here  in  the  interest  of  recruit- 
ing nurses  for  army  service. 

Nov.  23 — Final  report  on  registration  of  women  for  government  service 
shows  that  a  total  of  9,076  had  registered. 

Nov.  23 — Final  report  on  Y.  M.  C.  A.  war  fund  drive  showed  that 
$41,984.77  had  been  raised. 

Nov.  23 — Beport  on  the  canning  activities  of  Bloomington  women  showed 
that  they  had  canned  187  per  cent  more  fruit  and  vegetables 
during  1917  than  they  did  the  year  before. 

Nov.   25 — First  Christian  and  First  M.   E.  churches  dedicate  service  flags. 

Nov.  25 — Members  of  the  county  bar  association  vote  that  the  lawyers 
will  give  free  assistance  to  young  men  in  filling  out  their  ques- 
tionnaires for  the  draft  boards. 

Nov.  26 — Order  restricting  the  use  of  electric  lights  in  street  and  mer- 
cantile illumination. 

Nov.   26— Three  nurses  leave  city  to  engage  in  war  work. 

Nov.   26 — McLean   county  coal   fuel   control  bureau  is   organized. 

Nov.  27— Business  men  of  the  city  take  first  steps  for  the  formation  of 
a  new  Company  M  of  the  I.  N.  G. 

Nov.  27 — Sixteen  men  from  this  county  receive  army  commissions  at  close 
of  the  second  officers'  training  school  at  Fort  Sheridan. 

Nov.  29 — Gunner  Waite  of  the  British  navy  speaks  at  opera  house  and 
starts  campaign  for  ' '  smokes  for  soldiers. ' ' 

Nov.  29 — Edwin  Murphy  of  Bloomington  believed  to  be  the  first  drafted 
man  from  this  county  to  reach  France. 

Dec.  1 — Community  hall  dedicated  at  McLean,  with  service  flag  pre- 
sented to  families  with  sons  in  army  or  navy. 

Dec.       2 — Service  flag  dedicated  at  First  Presbyterian  church. 

.Dec.  3 — New  orders  about  restriction  of  lights  and  coal  supply  received 
from  fuel  administration. 

Dec.  3 — Bloomington  postoffice  receives  $50,000  of  war  savings  stamps 
for  sale. 

Dec.  5 — County  board  of  supervisors  votes  to  give  $6,000  a  year  to  the 
Bed  Cross. 

Dec.  5 — Five  newly  returned  officers  from  training  camps  speak  at 
Bloomingtcn  high  school. 

Dec.      5 — Capt.  Cliff  B.  Hamilton  begins  enlistments  for  Company  M. 

Dec.  5 — Banquet  of  grocerymen,  when  speakers  outline  their  duty  in  the 
matter  of  food  conservation. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


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16 McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

Dec.      6 — Private  Peat  of  the  British  army  makes  thrilling  address  on  his 

experiences  in  the  war. 
Dec.      6 — Announcement  of  a  coming  drive  by  the  Knights  of  Columbus 

for  a  quota  of  $5,000  for  the  general  war  fund  of  that  body. 
Dec.  7 — Announcement  of  the  declaration  of  war  by  U.  S.  on  Austria. 
Dec.  7 — Announcement  of  Joving  cup  to  be  given  on  Dec.  23  to  city 

school  making  best  showing  in  competitive  community  singing. 
Dec.  7 — Alton  road  announces  radical  reduction  of  train  service  on 

account  of  shortage  of  fuel. 
Dee.      7 — Collegiate    alumnae    association   votes   to    adopt   a   French   war 

orphan. 
Dec.       8 — Dinner  by  Post  L  in  honor  of  the  sixteen  men  of  the  post  who 

have  entered  the  service. 
Dec.      8 — D.  O.  Thompson,  county  farm  adviser,  addresses  farmers  on  the 

importance  of  increasing  pork  production. 

Dec.     10 — Normal  Modern   Woodmen  presented  with   service  flag. 
Dec.    10 — Start  of  the  Knights  of  Columbus  $5,000  drive. 
Dec.     10 — Eobert  Erdman  arrested  and  put  under  $5,000  bonds  for  saying 

President  Wilson  should  be  killed. 

Dec.     11 — Lawyers  named  to  help  draft  board  registrants. 
Dec.     12 — Smokes    for    soldiers    fund    being    raised    in    Bloomington    and 

McLean  county  has  reached   $286.50. 
Dec.     12 — One  thousand  or  more  men  gathered  at  community  sing  in  Alton 

shops  at  noon  hour. 
Dec.     12 — Three   thousand   thrift   stamps   have   been   sold   in   Bloomington 

to  date. 
Dec.     12 — Government  sends   plea   for  the  loan   of  private  binoculars   for 

use  in  naval  vessels. 
Dec.    12 — Company   F   of   the   349th   Infantry   at  Camp   Dodge   given   an 

Edison  phonograph  paid  for  by  private  subscriptions  here. 
Dec.     13 — Colored    Woman's   club   of   Bloomington    dedicates   service   flag. 
Dec.     13 — Last    shipment    of    the    quota    of    1,500    Christmas    packets    to 

soldiers. 

Dec.     13 — Service  flag  dedicated  at  the  Soldiers'  Orphans'  Home. 
Dec.     13 — Announced  that  coal  dealers  of  the  city  have  only  three  days' 

supply  on  hand. 
Dec.     13 — Seventy-six  volunteers  who  had  enlisted  at  recruiting  station  in 

Bloomington  sent  to  Jefferson  Barracks  in  one  body. 
Dec.     14 — Largest   shipment   from   Red  Cross   that  has   been   sent   at   one 

time  up  to  date. 
Dec.     14 — Draft  boards  announce  they  will  examine  into  weddings  that  have 

suspicions  of  having  been  contracted  to  avoid  draft. 
Dec.     15 — List  of  58  boys  from  the  Soldiers'  Orphans'  Home  who  are  in 

the  service. 
Dec.     15 — Bloomington  Red  Cross  issues  appeal  for  fund  to  aid  sufferers 

from  great  explosions   of  ships  at   Halifax,  Newfoundland. 
Dec.    15 — Draft  boards  begin  the  classification  of  registrants. 
Dec.     15 — Baptist   church   dedicates   service  flag. 
Dec.     15 — Company  M  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  state. 
Dec.     15 — Announced   that  Matthew  Lawrence   of  Hudson  was  in   battery 

which  fired  first  shot  of  the  war  from  American  forces. 
Dec.     17 — Preliminary   contests  in  community  singing  by  schools  in   com- 
petition for  the  loving  cup. 

Dec.     17 — Red  Cross   chapter   starts   a  week's   membership   drive. 
Dec.     17 — Ralph    McCarroll,   boys'    secretary    of   the    Bloomington   Y.    M. 

C.  A.,  enters  war  work  as  secretary  at  Camp  Dodge. 
Dec.     17 — Bloomington   to  have   war   kitchen   for   demonstrations   of   food 

saving  plans. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 17 

Dec.    17 — Draft  boards  swamped  by  work   connected  with  the   question- 
naires. 

Dec.    17 — Knights  of  Columbus  benefit  party  for  war  fund  nets  $200. 
Dec.    18 — Medical  advisers  named  for  the  draft  boards. 
Dec.    18 — Local    food    control    commission   fixes    prices   at   which    grocers 

shall  sell  flour,  sugar  and  corn  meal. 

Dec.    18 — First  drill  by  members  of  the  new  Company  M. 
Dec.    18 — County  survey  planned  for  the  fuel  question. 
Dec.    18 — Grocers    and   some   other   merchants   of  Bloomington  adopt  co- 
operative delivery  system  as  a  means  of  economy. 
Dec.    20 — Knights  of  Columbus  fund  now  totals  $6,200. 
Dec.    20 — Eight  hundred  new  members  of  the  Bed  Cross  secured  as  result 

of  the  one  week's  drive. 

Dec.    20 — Publication  in  the  daily  newspapers  of  the  first  food  price  con- 
trol bulletin,  quoting  figures  for  flour,  sugar  and  corn  meal. 
Dec.    20 — Bellflower  complete  organization  of  company  of  Home  Guards. 
Dec.    21 — Band  from  Great  Lakes  naval  training  station  gives  concert  in 

Bloomington.     Address  by  Lieut.  Perigord  of  French  army. 
Dec.    21 — Remittance  of  $337.25  acknowledged  by  the  American  Tobacco 

company,  sent  from  Bloomington  and  surrounding  towns  for  the 

smokes-for-soldiers  fund. 
Dec.    21 — Drive   for   more   members   for   the   Better    Farming  association 

nets  400  members  to  date. 
Dec.    23 — Hon.  Lewis  G.  Stevenson  appointed  as  investigator  for  the  navy 

department  at  Washington. 
Dec.    23 — Hawthorne    school   wins   loving   cup   in   the    community   singing 

contest. 

Dec.     23 — Lexington  organizes  Home  Guards. 
Dec.    24 — Eeports  on  Red  Cross  membership  drive,  showing  total  of  2,500 

new   members,    bringing   the    total   present   membership    in    the 

county  to   14,000. 
Dee.    24 — Grocers  asked  to  report  to  government  their  supplies  of  goods 

on  hand  Dec.  31. 
Dec.    24 — Report  of  recruiting  station   shows  total  of   197  enlistments   in 

Bloomington  during  December  to  date. 
Dec.    25 — One  day's  sales  of  war  stamps  in  Bloomington  postoffice  shows 

total  of  $2,455. 
Dec.    26 — Announcement  that  the  railroads  are  to  be  taken  over  by  the 

government. 
Dec.    27 — Bloomington   postoflice   to    act   as   government   agent   to    secure 

help   for  the  farms. 
Dec.    27 — Army  recruiting  station  crowded  with  volunteers  to  get  in  under 

the  wire  before  the  end  of  the  year. 
Dec.    27 — "Birds'    Christmas    Carol"    presented    to     crowded    house    at 

Chatterton  theater  as  benefit  for  the  Belgian  Relief. 
Dec.    28 — John  B.  Lennon  named  as  arbitrator  for  the  government  labor 

department. 

Dec.    28 — Announced  that   Towanda  people   are  entirely  out  of   coal. 
Dec.    28 — Eugene  Rowley  of  Holder,  a  soldier  in  the  regular  army,  suicides 

at  Governor's  Island. 
Dec.    28 — All  local  lodges  make  plans  for  the  care  of  families  of  men  in 

the  service. 
Dec.    31 — President  Bierd  of  the  Alton  road  issues  first  order  as  federal 

director  under  the  government  control  plan. 
Dec.    31 — Association  of  Commerce  issues  list  of  194  men  who  have  not 

yet  received  their  county  service  medals. 
1918 
Jan.      1 — Learned  that  the  suicide  of  Eugene  Rowley  was  caused  by  his 

disappointment  in   not  being  sent  to   Europe  with  the  armies. 


18  McLEAN    COUNTY    AXV    THE    WOELD    WAS 

Jan.      1 — County  dispensary  for  the  use  of  people  afflicted  with  tubercu- 
losis opens  for  regular  service. 

Jan.      1 — Four  minute  men  decided  to  boost  the  thrift  stamp  campaign. 
Jan.      3 — Orders  issued  by  fuel  administration  for  lightless  nights  to  be 

observed   Thursdays   and   Sundays   until   further   notice.      Street 

lights  and  signs  to  be  darkened  on  these  nights. 
Jan.      3 — Shippers  notified  that  all  freight  cars  must  be  loaded  to  capacity 

in  order  to  prevent  car  shortage. 
Jan.      3 — Eight  towns  in  county  are  out  of  coal — Towanda,  Arrowsmith, 

Saybrook,  Glenavon,  Monarch,  Bellflower,  Meadows,  and  Covel. 
Jan.  3 — Mrs.  Spencer  Ewing  offers  prizes  for  essays  on  the  reasons  for 

employing  home   adviser. 
Jan.      3 — Bed    Cross    issues    appeal    for   more    workers    to    make    surgical 

dressings. 

Jan.      4 — All  bakeries  to  be  licensed  under  the  food   administration. 
Jan.      4 — Local   food   control   body   issues   long  list   of   articles   on   which 

prices   are   fixed. 

Jan.      4 — Cropsey  Red  Cross  branch  makes  report  showing  much  activity. 
Jan.      4 — Report  that  McLean  county  farmers  are  5,000  bushels  short  of 

requirements  on  seed  corn. 
Jan.      4 — Biggest  snow  storm  of  the  season  strikes  the  city  and   county, 

tying  up  traffic;   delivery  barn  of  Co-operative  Delivery  system 

crushed  under  weight  of  snow. 
Jan.      7 — County  council  of  defense  formed. 
Jan.      8 — Agreement  reached  between  local  and  state  fuel  administrations 

as  to  coal  supply. 

Jan      8 — Last  of  questionnaires  sent  out  by  draft  boards. 
Jan.      9 — Grocers  decide  to  display  cards  showing  that  they  are  living  up 

to   government   food  regulations. 

Jan.    10 — Belgian   Relief   society   issues   appeal   for  woolen   garments. 
Jan.    11 — Second  edition  of  ihs  big  blizzard  strikes  the  city. 
Jan.    11 — Leslie   O.   Lash,   a   soldier,   dies  in   Washington   from   influenza, 

second  soldier  of  this  county  to  give  up  his  life  in  the  war. 
Jan.  11 — Chief  of  police  gets  orders  to  register  all  alien  enemy  citizens. 
Jan.  13 — Serious  local  fuel  shortage. 

Jan.    13 — Many   churches   closed   by   storm;    schools   also   closed. 
Jan.    14 — Mass   meeting  of   citizens  to  talk   of  fuel. 
Jan.    14 — Reports  show  McLean  county  third  in  Illinois  on  Y.  M.  C.  A. 

war  fund,  with  $50,300. 

Jan.    15 — Citizens  agree  on  general  saving  plan  for  fuel. 
Jan.    15 — James  Carr,  farm  hand  near  Leroy,  suicides  on  account  of  fear 

of  draft. 
Jan.    15 — Concert    by    Amateur    Musical    club    postponed    owing    to    fuel 

shortage. 
Jan.    16 — Government   order  closing  all   factories   for  five  days  beginning 

Jan.   18,   except   those  making   food. 
Jan.    18 — Normal    public    schools    reopen    after    shut-down    owing   to    coal 

shortage. 

Jan.    18 — Rules   issued    for   meatless    and   wheatless   days   each   week. 
Jan.    18 — Rules  for  closing  of  shops,  stores,  etc.,  for  five   days  owing  to 

government    order. 

Jan.    18 — B.   &   N.   company   issues   rules   for   conserving  heat    and   light. 
Jan.    18 — Announcement  that  lawyers  assisted  5,000  young  men  with  their 

questionnaires. 

Jan.    18 — Local  factories  prepare  for  five-days'  shut-down. 
Jan.    18 — Reports    show    Bloomington    theaters    have   paid    $2,500    in   war 

tax  so  far  during  war. 
Jan.    19 — Closing    order    of    factories,    etc.,    carried    out    with    no    local 

violators. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


19 


A   FEW   OP   THE   McLEAN    COUNTY   SAILORS 

Top  Row    (left  to  rifihi) — James  P.   Donlou,    R.   C.   De  Silva,   Fred   Downs,  Earl 

Fierce,  Joseph  E.   Lane. 
Second   Row — Blake    D    Lewis,    C.   W.    Luckinbill,    Howard   Mitchell,    Everett   E. 

McDowell,    Leo   Francis  Murray. 
Third    Row — E.    R.    Munsell,    Frank    Morgan,    Miles    McReynolds,    Frank    Ryan, 

Glen   Raney. 
Fourth    Row — Glen    Sears,    Edward    V.    Sipler,    William    J.    Sweeney,    Ralph    N. 

Stewart,   Ralph  G.  Fagerburg. 

fifth    Row — Harvey    Mischler,    John    W.    Wagner,   Hugh    D.    Waddell,   Harry    L. 
Wickoff,    Carl    Thorns. 


20  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

Jan.    21 — Observance  of  the  first   Monday  holiday  for   stores,  etc.,  under 

order  of  the  fuel  administration. 

Jan.    20 — Several   churches   unite   their   Sunday   services   to   conserve   fuel. 
Jan.    21 — Illinois   Traction   system   issues    abridged   train   schedule    owing 

to  fuel  shortage. 

Jan.    21 — Draft  orders  affecting  recently  married  couples. 
Jan.    22 — Extension  of  the  home  service  of  the  Bed  Cross  to  the  branches. 
Jan.    22 — Warning  issued  to  the  public  not  to  hoard  potatoes. 
Jan.    23 — Washburn's  greenhouses  shut  down  to  one-fourth  capacity  owing 

to  fuel  shortage. 
Jan.    23 — Fuel  administration  talkers  address  mass  meeting  at  the  Alton 

shops. 

Jan.    24 — C.  &  A.  shop  men  take  action  to  force  lower  prices  for  coal. 
Jan.    24 — Eeport  of  weather  shows  that  temperature  was  b&low  zero  con- 
tinuously for  twenty  days. 
Jan.    24 — Eev.  Edgar  DeWitt  Jones  arranges  to  spend  a  month  lecturing 

at  army  camps. 
Jan.    24 — Arthur  Niedermeyer  of  Decatur,  relative  of  Bloomington  people, 

dies  of  pneumonia  at  Jefferson  barracks. 
Jan.    24 — High    school    opens   after   shut-down    due    to    coal    shortage   but 

ward  schools  continue  closed. 
Jan.    24 — Plan  announced  for  shortening  term  of  rural  schools,  as  aid  to 

farmers  in  their  spring  work. 

Jan.    25 — Teachers   volunteer   to   help    draft   boards   in   dealing   with   reg- 
istrants. 

Jan.    25 — Announced  that  hoarders  of  food   will  be  prosecuted. 
Jan.    25 — Final   report   on   registration   of   women    shows   total   of    10,488 

registered. 
Jan.    27 — President  Wilson  issues  proclamation  on  saving  of  food  as  help 

to  win  the  war. 
Jan.    27 — Mayor  Goodwin  of  Normal  announces  that  the  town  must  have 

more  coal,  as  shortage  is  acute. 

Jan.    27 — St.  Matthews  church  dedicates  service  flag. 
Jan.    27 — Announcement   of  prizes   for   essay   written  by   children   on   tho 

saving  of  wheat  flour. 
Jan.    28 — Announcement   that   after   March   1  wheat   flour   can   be   bought 

only  by  buying  an  equal  poundage  of  flour  substitutes  at  same 

time. 
Jan.    28 — Eeport  of  recruiting  station  shows  that  more  than  enough  men 

to  make  three  full  companies  have  volunteered  here. 
Jan.    28 — Second    heatless   Monday    observed    in    Bloomington,    stores   and 

factories  closing  for  the  day. 
Jan.    28 — Bed   Cross    chapter   issues   appeal   for   1,000   pairs   of   socks   for 

soldiers   to   be   knitted  in   a   week. 
Jan.    28 — Wesleyan  students  give  play  for  benefit  of  Belgian  Belief  and 

make  $400. 

Jan.    28 — Normal  starts  campaign  for  sale  of  smileage  books. 
Jan.    29— Announcement   of   list  of  substitutes   that   may  be  bought  with 

flour,  pound  for  pound. 
Jan.    29 — First  proven  case  of  hoarding  flour,  two  families  being  caught 

with  the  goods. 
Jan.    29 — Bloomington  Ad  Club  to  start  educational  campaign  on  saving 

of  food. 
Jan.    29 — C.  B.   Hughes  named  as  local  chairman  of  committee  to  secure 

workers  for  government  ship  yards  on  the  coast. 
Jan.    29 — Big  community  sing  at  the  high  school  auditorium. 
Jan.    29 — Wesleyan  girls  form  branch  of  the  Bed  Cross. 
Jan.    30 — Howard    Humphreys    appointed    food    administrator   for   Central 

Illinois  district. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOSLD    WAR 21 

Jan.    30 — City  grade  schools  re-open. 

Jan.    30 — Fourteen  men  secured   in  first  day  for  work  in  ship  yards. 
Jan.    30 — Leroy  men  use  Monday  holiday  by  going  to  the  woods  and  cut- 
ting trees  for  fuel  for  the  churches. 
Jan.    31 — Great  audience  at  high  school  to  hear  addresses  on  food  saving 

by  Eoscoe  Mitchell  and  Miss  Clark. 
Jan.    31 — Wesleyan  basket  ball  team  plays  team  from  Great  Lakes  naval 

training  station,  the  Jackies  winning  by  23  to  22. 
Jan.    31 — City  practically   out  of   sugar,  and  economy   tightened. 
Feb.      1 — Red  Cross  car  of  instruction  in  the  care  of  wounded  spends  day 

at  the  Alton  shops. 
Feb.      1 — Rule  issued  that  no  building  shall  be  heated  above   70  degrees, 

to  save  coal. 

Feb.      1 — Red  Men 's  tribe  dedicate  service  flag. 
Feb.      3 — All  schools  reopened. 
Feb.      3 — Start  registration  of  alien  enemies  in  this  county.     Police  station 

headquarters  in  Bloomington,  postmasters  do  the  work  in  other 

towns. 
Feb.      3 — Total  number  of  men  enlisted  for  work  in  shipyards  up  to  date 

in  Bloomington,   103. 

Feb.      3 — New  set  of  rules  issued  for  the  sale  of  flour. 
Feb.      4 — O.  M.  Wilson  here  to  recruit  men  for  service  with  the  Y.  M.  C.  A. 

in  France. 

Feb.      4 — Charles  O'Malley  takes  up  his  duties  as  city  food  commissioner. 
Feb.      4 — Winners    announced    in    the    children 's    essay    contest    on    home 

adviser. 
Feb.      7 — John  Carnahan,  formerly  of  Bloomington,  now  with  the  British 

army,  married  to   English  girl. 

Feb.      8 — George   Marton   publishes   new  patriotic   song   of  his   own   com- 
position. 

Feb.      8 — Lieut.  Walter  Sutherland  married  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Wiley. 
Feb.      8 — Alton  road  issues  orders  to  move  grain  ahead  of  any  other  kind 

of  freight.  ' 
Feb.      8 — Announced  that  there  are  352  boys  and  girls  in  war  work  clubs 

of  the  county. 
Feb.      8 — Clayton    Sholty,    soldier    from    Bloomington,    dies    at    Jefferson 

barracks. 
Feb.    10 — Food  administration  issues  orders  that  no  hens  shall  be  sold  or 

killed  for  the  next  five  weeks. 
Feb.    10 — Capt.   Manspeaker,   first   former   Alton   man   to   die  in   the   war, 

expires  at  Camp  Lee,  Va. 

Feb.    11 — Prof.  Adams  of  Normal   university  appointed  to  chemically  ex- 
amine  all    samples   of   food    suspected    of   containing   poisonous 

substances. 

Feb.    11 — Surgical    dressings   shop    established   at   the   Normal    university. 
Feb.    15 — Fuel  administration  announces  spring  campaign  to  prepare  for 

next  winter. 
Feb.    16 — Dr.  Newell  Dwight  Hillis  lectures  to  great  audience  on  German 

atrocities  in  Belgium. 
Feb.    17 — Death  of  Harley  B.  Salzman,  former  Bloomington  man,  in  army 

camp. 
Feb.    17 — Announced  that  Bloomington  is  to  have  government  employment 

office. 
Feb.    17 — Local  Red  Cross  chapter  receives  card  from  Paris  thanking  for 

shipments   of  surgical   dressings. 

Feb.    17 — H.  O.  Echols  to  go  to  army  camps  as  song  leader. 
Feb.    17 — Ma.ior    Nevin   of   Camp   Grant   leads   great   community   sing   at 

high   school   auditorium. 
Feb.    18 — First  Monday  when  stores  open  as  usual  since  restriction  order 

of  few  weeks  ago. 


22  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

Fob.    19-21— State   Farmers'    Institute    of    Bloomington    devotes    its    time 

mostly  to  questions  of  war  provision. 
Feb.    19 — List   of   township   food   administrators  named. 
Feb.    19 — Julia   Lathrop   addresses   great   audience   of   Farmers'    Institute 

on  effect  of  war  on  child  labor. 
Feb.    21 — Fuel  administration  issues  appeal  to  people  to  begin  preparing 

for   next  winter's   coal   supply. 

Feb.    21 — Kev.  F.  M.  Harry  to  go  abroad  to  work  with  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
Feb.    22 — Edwards  school  dedicates  service  flag. 
Feb.    22 — Definite    announcement    of    establishment    of    government    labor 

bureau  in  Bloomington. 
Feb.    24 — Normal  has  raised  $1,300  for  Bed  Cross  in  one  week,  of  which 

$1,000    was    realized     from    auction    of    products    donated    by 

farmers. 
Feb.    24 — Announcement    of    complete    list    of    Class    1    men    from    board 

No.  2. 

Feb.    26 — John  E.  Matthews  named  for  labor  examiner  for  local  govern- 
ment  employment    office. 
Feb.    12 — P.  G.  Eennick   of  Peoria  makes  Lincoln   day  address  at  public 

meeting  in  high  school,  first   of    Illinois  Centennial  observances. 
Feb.    12 — Change  in  rules  for  sale  of  flour,  allowing  purchase  of  one-half 

weight  of  substitutes  with  every  pound  of  flour. 

Feb.    12 — J.    J.    Thomassen    takes    charge    as   county    food    administrator. 
Feb.    12 — Beport    on    Alton    road's    earnings     for    1917     show    total    of 

$20,000,000,   greatest    gross   earnings   in   its   history. 
Feb.    13— Funeral  of  Clayton  B.  Sholty. 

Feb.  14- — Prof.  Adams  makes  report  on  samples  of  foods  examined. 
Feb.  14 — Completion  of  county  organization  for  Council  of  Defense. 
Feb.  14 — Big  drive  starts  in  city  schools  for  membership  in  the  Junior 

Red  Cross. 
Feb.    19 — First    anniversary    of   Bloomington    chapter    of   Red    Cross,    and 

reports  show  large  accomplishments.  , 

Feb.    21 — State    Farmers'    Institute    sends   telegram    to    President   Wilson 

setting  forth  farmers '   viewpoint   on   war  problems. 

Feb.    21 — Normal  business  men's  ministrels  clears  $600  for  Red  Cross. 
Feb.    21 — Coif  ax  women  complete  the  making-  of  123  children's  hoods  for 

Belgiin  relief,   on  a  request  for  fifty. 
Feb.    21 — Gov.  Brough  of  Arkansas  addresses  state  farmers'  institute  on 

war  problems. 
Feb.    21 — Director   McAdoo   asks   Alton    road   for   data   on   trains,   with   a 

view  to   retrenchments. 

Feb.    27 — J.  M.  Fordice  gives  Camp  Grant  collection  of  magazines  and  re- 
ceives Jetter  of  thanks  for  same. 
Mar.      1 — New  rules  requiring  sale  of  pound  for  pound  of  substitutes  with 

flour  goes  into  effect. 

Mar.      1 — Orders  received  to  cut  C.  &  A.  train  service  in  order  to  save  fuel. 
Mar.      1 — Income  tax  collectors  close  up  their  work  here. 
Mar.      1 — Letters  read  at  First  Christian  church  from  Rev.  Edgar  DeWitt 

Jones  at  camp. 

Mar.      3 — War    kitchen   program    announced. 
Mar.     4 — New  food  rules  for  local  bakeries  are  received. 
Mar.      4 — New    ruling    of    food    administrator    abolishes    ban    on    pork    on 

Saturdays. 

Mar.      4 — Louis    E.    Davis,    student    cadet   flyer   in    Texas,   wins    his    com- 
mission. 

Mar.      5 — First  announcement  of  the  third  liberty  loan  drive. 
Mar.      5 — Prof.  Homberger  busy  in  analyzing  many  samples  of  suspected 

foods. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 23 

Mar.     5 — Fuel  administration  advises  people  to  lay  in  next  winter's  coal 

supply. 
Mar.     5 — Report   of   county  marriage   license   clerk    shows   falling   off   in 

number  of  weddings  due  to  war. 
Mar.     5 — Patriotic  meeting  of  women  of  Danvers. 
Mar.      6 — Lining  up  boys  for  enlistment  in  farm  working  reserve. 
Mar.      7 — Eetailers  selling  foods  to  hotels  and  restaurants  must  take  out 

wholesalers'  license. 
Mar.     7 — Irving  school  service  flag  dedicated,  with  largest  star  for  Gen. 

Harbord. 
Mar.      7 — Four  Bloomington   boys   of   the   210th   aero   squadron   arrive   in 

Europe. 

Mar.     8 — Lincoln  school  service  flag  dedicated. 
Mar.      8 — Twenty-five  men  have  left  for  work  in  shipyards. 
Mar.   10 — Appeal  issued  for  farmers  to  plant  canning  crops. 
Mar.   11 — First  steps  for  organizing  for   next  liberty  loan   drive  to  start 

April  6. 

Mar.   11 — War  kitchen   opens  with   large   attendance  of  women. 
Mar.    11 — Dr.  Grote  announces  that  114  men  have  been  sent  from  here  for 

special  branches  of  service,  out  of  590   examined. 
Mar.   12 — McLean  county  drum  corps  organized. 
Mar.    12 — Charles  O'Malley  issues  statement  on  enlargement  of  food  price 

fixing  board. 
Mar.   13 — Prof.  Henry  B.  Ward  of  U.  of  I.  lectures  here  on  use  of  more 

fish  for  food. 

Mar.  13 — Local   labor   office  swamped  with  business. 
Mar.  14 — Call  for  enlisted  men  of  the  navy  to  report;  no  more  men  wanted 

for  army  flying  service. 

Mar.  14 — Order  modified  to  permit  killing  of  small  pullets  for  food. 
Mar.  14 — Order  from  draft  board  for  next  contingent  on  Mar.  29. 
Mar.  14 — Belgian  Eelief  moves  to  Oberkoetter  building. 
Mar.  15 — Emerson  school  service  flag  dedicated  with  67  stars. 
Mar.  15 — Ad  club  erects  large  food  signs  on  court  house. 
Mar.  15 — War  kitchen  closes  after  successful  week  of  demonstrations. 
Mar.  17 — Big  drive  begins  to  secure  books  for  soldiers. 
Mar.  18 — Drive  for  used  clothing  for  Belgian  and  French  people. 
Mar.  18 — Coal  dealers  meet  to  plan   for  summer   campaign  to  avoid  fuel 

shortage. 
Mar.  19 — Records  compiled  show  city  used  115,490  tons  of  soft  coal  past 

year. 

Mar.  20 — List  of  new  substitutes  for  wheat  flour  announced. 
Mar.  21— Committees  named  for  council  of  defense. 
Mar.  22 — New  food  rule  restricts  sugar  purchases  to  two  pounds  per  person 

per   month. 

Mar.  22 — Trinity  Lutheran  school  wins  contest  for  sale  of  thrift  stamps. 
Mar.  24 — Dr.  Aked  delivers  great  speech  on  the  Armenians. 
Mar.  24 — Washington  school  service  flag  dedicated  with  49  stars. 
Mar.  24 — B.  C.  Moore  calls  meeting  of  farmers  to  talk  over  help  problem. 
Mar.  24 — Crowds   around   newspaper    bulletin    boards    each    day   watching 

news  of  the  great  offensive  started  by  Germans  March  21. 
Mar.  24 — Five  new  chapters  of  Junior  Red  Cross  started. 
Mar.  25 — Announced  that  $1,670  has  been  raised  for  Armenian  relief  fund. 
Mar.  25 — Rev.  F.  M.  Harry  enlists  for  war  Y.  M.  C.  A.  work. 
Mar.  25 — Final  appeal  for  clothing  for  Belgians;  five  car  loads  have  been 

shipped. 

Mar.  25 — Howard  Humphreys  assigned   to  nine  counties  as   food   admin- 
istrator. 


24 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WO  ELD    WAE 


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McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAS 25 

Mar.  25 — Great  patriotic  meeting  at  Leroy  addressed  by  Rev.  Brown,  home 

on  leave  from  service  with  the  army  at  Camp  Dodge  and  Camp 

Pike. 
Mar.  26 — Precinct  committees  appointed  for  the  third  liberty  loan  drive, 

«tnd  headquarters  to  be  at  the  Illinois  hotel. 
Mar.  26 — Announce  plans  for  loyalty  meeting  at  every  town  of  county  on 

April  6,  first  anniversary  of  America's  entry  of  war. 

Mar.  26 — Delegation  of  recent  naval  recruits  ordered  to  report  in  Peoria. 
Mar.  26 — First  plans  by  supervisors  for  a  monster  service  flag  with  one 

star  for  every  man  in  service  from  this  county. 
Mar.  27 — Bloomington   merchants   asked    to   make   window   displays    of    a 

patriotic  nature. 
Mar.  27 — County   Supt.   B.    C.   Moore   orders  500   copies   of   book,   "Food 

Problems"  for  use  of  school  children  of  county. 
Mar.  27 — Mayor  Jones   issues  proclamation  urging  people   to   observe  the 

new  system  of  time  regulation  for  daylight  saving. 
Mar.  28 — Judge  James  C.  Riley,  head  of  the  drive  for  the  sale  of  war 

savings  stamps,  announces  the  Maximum  club  for  all  who  buy 

$1,000  worth  of  stamps. 

Mar.  29 — Call  for  183  more  men  for  draft  contingent  next  week. 
Mar.  29 — Harry  Lander,   famous   Scotch  comedian,  here   in  talk   and  per- 
formance; tells  of  loss  of  son  in  British  army. 
Mar.  29 — Completion    of    organization    for    liberty    loan    drive;    best    ever 

had  here. 

Mar.  29 — Irving  school   receives  portrait   of  Gen.   Harbord,   its  most   dis- 
tinguished soldier  graduate. 
Mar.  29 — Big  offensive  in   France  spurs  local  Red  Cross  to  new  activity 

in  surgical  dressings. 
Mar.  29 — Better  Farming  association  receives  letter  from  Dean  Davenport 

of  the  U.  of  I.  on  the  duty  of  farmers  in  the  war. 
Mar.  29 — Y.  M.  C.  A.  issues  call  for  more  secretaries  to  go  to  France. 
Mar.  30 — Announced  that  in  the  recent  campaign  for  books  fov  soldiers, 

there  were  given  here  fifty  per  cent  more  than  requested. 
April    1 — Ordered  by  the  McLean  county  executive  committee  of  the  State 

Council  of  Defense  that  Bloomington  Journal  be  no  more  printed 

in  the  German  language. 
April    1 — Name    of   German-American   bank    changed    to    American    State 

bank,  by  voluntary  action  of  the  board  of  directors. 
April    1 — Twenty   men   sent   in   draft   for   Camp   Dodge. 
April    1 — Report  of  first  three  weeks  of  federal  employment  bureau  shows 

112  applicants  for  employment,  and  92  placed. 

April    2 — City  of  Bloomington  votes  out  saloons  by  majority  of  2,100. 
April    2 — New  set  of  rules  announced  by  county  food  board. 
April    3 — Contingent  of  about  190  boys  sent  to  Fort  Wright,  New  London, 

Conn.,  after  notable  farewell  ceremonies. 

April    3 — Civilian  Relief  organization  had  its  busiest  day  in  supplying  com- 
fort kits  and  information  to  departing  soldiers. 
April    3 — Daughters    of    Isabella    give    minstrels    for    benefit    of    Belgian 

Relief,  and  score  great  success;  necessary  to  repeat. 

April  4 — Emerson  school  service  flag  dedicated  with  notable  ceremony. 
April  4 — Series  of  meetings  to  arouse  enthusiasm  for  liberty  loan  drive. 
April  4 — Sergt.  Edwards  of  British  army  and  Carl  Vrooman,  assistant 

secretary  of  agriculture,  talk  to   Rotary  club. 

April  4 — District  meeting  of  nurses  hears  lecture  on  their  duty  in  war. 
April  4 — Hotel  and  restaurant  men  take  action  to  eliminate  wheat  from 

bread. 

April    4 — War  garden  cards  given  out  in  schools. 
April    4 — Heyworth   cuts   German   language   from   its  school   curriculum. 


26  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 

April    4 — Six  men  ordered  by  draft  board  for  special  training  at  Bradley 

institute,  Peoria. 
April    4 — Second  performance   of  Daughters  of  Isabella  ministrcls  makes 

total  receipts  $500. 
April    4 — Eighty  per  cent  of  merchants  of   city  promise  to  give  window 

space  for  patriotic  displays. 
April    4 — Ruling  of  food  administration  that  hens  which  do  not  lay  may 

be  killed  for  food. 
April    4 — Order  of  food  administration  that  farmers  must  not  hold  wheat, 

but  must  sell. 
April    4 — Albert  Hasson,  subject  of  Turkey,  among  men  leaving  for  Fort 

Wright. 

April    5 — Pageant   of  Nations,   great   patriotic   society   show   at   the   Coli- 
seum, clears  $3,000  for  benefit  of  Red  Cross. 

April    5 — Third  liberty  loan  drive  officially  started  in  Bloomington. 
April    5 — Woman's   Committee   of   C.    N.   D.   establishes   new   department, 

called  war  information  department. 
April    7 — Solemn    service    of   dedication   of   service    flag   at   Holy   Trinity 

church,  with  address  by  Father  Shannon;  81  names  on  stars. 
April  7 — Alton  employes  form  vast  organization  to  push  liberty  loan. 
April  8 — Great  patriotic  demonstration  and  street  parade  in  Bloomington, 

in  which  at  least  8,000  people  marched  and  20,000  witnessed  it. 
April  8 — First  day's  liberty  loan  effort  brings  total  pledges  of  $415,000. 

About  $100,000  is  pledged  by  Alton  employes  first  day. 
April    8 — Bloomington    school    board    announces   that    no   German   will   be 

taught  in  high  school  next  year. 
April    8 — Families  restricted  to  fifty  pounds  of  flour  in  house  at  one  time, 

on   penalty    of   being   arrested    as   hoarders. 

April    8 — Great  patriotic   demonstration   and  flag  raising  at  Cropsey. 
April    8 — Normal  farmer  reports  that  he  found  ground  glass  in  package 

of  cereals. 

April    8 — Antoinette  Funk  addresses  great  audience  at  high  school  in  be- 
half of  liberty  Joan. 
April    8 — Normal  university   dedicates  service   flag  with  253   stars  on  it; 

President  Felmley  makes  notable  address. 
April    8 — Fuel   administration   issues  warning   to   buy  coal   now   to   avoid 

shortage  next  winter. 
April    9 — Spencer  Ewing,  fuel  administrator,  goes  to  Chicago  to  talk  over 

situation. 
April    9 — Three   men   held   to   the   federal   grand  jury   under   $1,000   each 

on  disloyalty  charges. 
April    9 — City  of  Bloomington  invests  $7,500  of  its  sinking  fund  in  liberty 

bonds. 

April  10 — Million   dollar  mark  passed  in   county  liberty  loan   drive. 
April  10 — Report  reaches  parents  that  Lieut.  Eugene  Hamill  was  wounded 

in  action  on  April  5. 
April  10 — Committee  of  citizens  call  upon  board  of  education  with  request 

that  German  be  dropped  at  high  school  instanter. 

April  10 — Big  military  ball   at   Coliseum   as  benefit   for   Company  M. 
April  11 — Board   decides   to    abolish   teaching   of   German   at   Bloomington 

high  school  now. 

April  11 — Order  received  by   draft  boards  for  92  more  men  on   the   26th. 
April  11 — Saybrook  holds  big  parade  and  speaking  affair  to  dedicate  com- 
munity service  flag  with  45   stars. 

April  11 — Bloomington   Rotary   club   dedicates   service   flag  with   12   stars. 
April  12 — Saybrook   citizens  send  committee  to  a  farmer   of  that  vicinity 

and  make  him  subscribe  for  $3,000  liberty  bonds. 
April  12 — Pastors  of  Methodist  churches  in  the  Bloomington  district  meet 

and  form  organization  to  boost  war  enterprises. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 27 

April  14 — Big  army  caterpillar  truck  passes  through  Bloomington  en  route 

on  service  tour. 
April  14 — Last  of  indoor  community  sings  held  at  high  school,  with  Peter 

Dykema   as   leader. 

April  14— Final  steps  taken  to  hire  a  county  home  adviser. 
April  15 — Order  received  for  49  men  for  draft  contingent  of  May  1. 
April  15 — Order  from  food  administration  that  hens  may  be  marketed  after 

April  20. 
April  15 — Campaign  started   for   signing   of  loyalty  cards  by   all  over   18 

years  old. 
April  15 — D.   O.   Thompson,   county  farm  adviser,   is  called   to   Chicago  to 

aid  in  state  distribution  of  seed  corn. 

April  16 — County 's  liberty  loan  quota  is  raised  to  $2,500,000. 
April  16 — County  fuel  administration  gives  out  rules  for  getting  coal. 
April  16 — Salem  Methodist  church,  composed  of  German  speaking  families, 

starts  special  war  work  drive. 
April  16 — Prof.  Homberger  reports  that  no  glass  was  found  in  suspected 

can  of  salmon. 

April  16— Several   churches  of  Chenoa  dedicate  service  flags. 
April  16 — Normal  public  schools  drop  teaching  of  German. 
April  16 — Normal  passes  its  quota  in  .liberty  loan  drive. 
April  17 — County  passes  the  two  million  dollar  mark  in  liberty  loan  drive. 
April  17 — Forty  students  enrolled  in  home  service  class  of  Bed  Cross. 
April  17 — Women   of  German  Catholic   church  have  active  organization  to 

assist  in  Red  Cross  work. 
April  17 — Committee    of   board   of   supervisors   selects  service   flag,    13   by 

30  feet. 
April  18 — Government   urges  people  to  eat  more  potatoes  and  save  other 

foods. 
April  18 — Frederick  Dale  Wood,  an  orator  of  great  note,  lectures  here  in 

behalf  of  liberty  loan   drive. 
April  18 — Normal  university  puts  on   special  course   for  training  civilians 

in  war  work. 

April  18 — Alton  boiler  shops  dedicates  service  flag. 
April  18 — Bellflower   puts  on  a  notable   patriotic  demonstration. 
April  19 — Orders  to  send  92  men  to  Camp  Dodge  on  April  27  received  by 

draft  boards. 

April  19 — Eetail  dealers  can  buy  wheat  flour  only  on  the  card  system. 
April  19 — Government  labor  office  issues  appeal  for  many  laborers  for 

different  places. 

April  19 — Raymond  school  buys  a  liberty  bond. 
April  21 — Illinois  hotel  quits  serving  meals,  owing  to  war-time  restrictions 

on   food. 

April  21 — H.  O.  Echols  goes  to  France  as  singer  for  the  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
April  22 — Normal  enlists  522  boys  and  girls  for  summer  garden  army. 
April  23 — County  passes  its  super  quota  of  $2,500,000  to  the  extent  of 

$24,200,  and  still  going. 
April  23 — Bloomington   lawyers    offer    to   give   free   advice   to   families   of 

soldiers. 

April  23 — Order   of   fuel   administration    does   away  with   lightless   nights. 
April  24 — McLean    county's    liberty   loan    subscriptions    are    50    per    cent 

over  quota. 
April  24 — Mis-s  Wilkerson  makes  a  series  of  speeches  here  in  the  interest 

of  saving  on  dress  for  women. 
April  24 — Food  administration  issues  rules  for  returning  surplus  flour  held 

by   families. 

April  25 — County  total  on  liberty  loan   drive  for  three  weeks,   $2,777,550. 
April  26 — William    Rainey    Bennett    makes    great    patriotic   speech    before 

large   audience  at  Coliseum. 


28  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 

April  26 — Policeman    John    Miller    draws    Packard    automobile    raffled    off 
by  Normal  Red  Cross,  having  been  donated  by  Byron  Gregory. 
April  27 — One  hundred  men  sent  in  draft  contingent  to  Camp  Dodge. 
April  28 — W.    G.    McAdoo,    director    general   of   U.    S.   railways,   stops    in 

Bloomington  on  trip  and  addresses  crowd  at  union  station. 
April  28 — Trinity  Lutheran  church  unveils  service  flag  with  27  stars. 
April  28 — Dedication  of  service  flag  at  Moses  Montefiore  synagogue,  with 

29   stars. 

April  29 — Campaign  started  for  new  entertainment  fund  for  soldiers. 
April  29 — Twenty  women   take   examinations  in   Eed   Cross  home   nursing. 
April  29 — Announced  that  owing  to  the  war,  only  six  men  are  left  in  the 

graduating   class    of    the    Wesleyan. 
April  29 — Draft  boards  get  order  for  next  contingent  to  be  sent  to  camp, 

May  11. 
April  30 — Meeting  of  citizens  to   consider  Y.   M.  C.   A.   needs  of  men  in 

the  war. 
April  30 — Dr.  John  H.  Randall  of  New  York  delivers  thrilling  war  lecture 

in  Bloomington. 
April  30 — District   report   on   recruiting   shows   Bloomington   second  in  list 

in  the  district. 
May      1 — Fuel  administrator  issues  warning  to  dealers  not  to  sell  too  much 

coal  to  any  one  customer. 

May      1 — City  officials  of  Bloomington  announce  that  only  absolutely  nec- 
essary public  work  widl  be   undertaken  during  war. 
May      1 — Shirley  citizens  raise  $1,600  by  Red  Cross  sale. 
May      1 — Trinity  Lutheran  women  form  new  and  active  Red  Cross  society. 
May      1 — Military  ball  for  band  benefit  nets  $600. 
May      1 — Order  that  greenhouses  be  allowed  only  50  per  cent  of  their  fuel 

consumption  for  next  winter. 
May      2 — Lieut.  O'Brien,  who  had  escaped  from  a  German  prison,  lectures 

before  great  audience  at  high  school  auditorium. 
May      2 — Alton  train  service  suffers  in  personnel  owing  to  many  men  going 

to  the  army. 

May      2 — Jefferson  school  dedicates  service  flag  with  42  stars. 
May      2 — Hal  M.  Stone  appointed  county  food  administrator. 
May      2 — Special  call  for  recruits  for  the  tank   service. 
May      2 — Gen.  Harbord  transferred  from  staff  of  Gen.  Pershing  and  given 

command   in   field. 
May      3 — Mrs.  James  C.  Riley,  chairman,  announces  that  women  of  county 

have  bought   $158,900   of  liberty  bonds. 
May      3 — First  annual  meeting  of  the  Girls  of   '61. 
May      5 — Final    figures    for    liberty   loan    drive    shows    total    for    county 

$3,022,250,  or  176  per  cent  of  quota. 

5 — Second  big  drive  for  Red  Cross  will  seek  quota  of  $70,000. 
5 — Funeral  of  John  R.  Wilson,  who  died  in  service,  held  at  Danvers. 
5 — Next  draft  contingent  of  May  25  to  go  to  Mississippi. 
5 — Chenoa  organizes  local  council  of  defense. 
5 — Chenoa   dedicates   service   flag. 
6 — Thrift    stamp    drive    launched    at    luncheon    attended    by    many 

citizens. 

6 — St.  Mary's  church  and  school  drop  German  language  in  services. 
6 — Swedish  Lutheran  church  dedicates  service  flag  with  seven  stars. 
7 — Eight  men  enlist  in  army  one  day. 
7 — Three  thousand  sacks  of  flour  in  possession  of  families  in  county 

in  excess  of  food  requirements,  are  returned  to  dealers. 
7 — Normal  liberty  loan  committee  returns  just  one  yellow  card  for 

a  slacker. 

7 — Retiring  county  food  administrator,  J.  J.  Thomassen,  issues  part- 
ing letter  to  township  food  men. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


29 


THE    KIND    OF    SOLDIERS    THIS    COUNTY    SENT    FORTH 


Top  Row    (left  to  right) — Shirley  Judd,   John  E.   Johnson,   Will  lungerich,   Glen   R. 

Johnson,   Elmo  C.  Jones,  James  T.  Johnson,   Hubert  Jones,   R.  T.  James,  O.  W. 

Johnson,    Warren   Jones,   John   J.    Jones. 
Second  Row — Floyd   Jones,    John   D.    Jones,    Roy  Jacobs,    Ernest   A.   Jones,   William 

Jameson,    Gilbert   W.   Jenkins,    Clarence   K.   Jacobson,    Carl  J.   Jackson. 


— v_ 


1'op  Row  (left  to  right) — Frank  De  Silva,  Lloyd  Daniel,  Oscar  Dean,  Harry  L.  Deutsch. 
Second  Bow— John   Douglas,   Lloyd  F.   Dowell,   W.   P.   Dunbar,  John  G.   Doenitz. 
Third  Raw — Charles  A.  Doll,  Earl  W.  Daniel,   Elmo  Dillon,   Deane  Dillon. 
Fourth  Row — Marion   Dunn,   Raymond   Donnell,   Marion   B.   Day,   Alvin  E.    Decker. 


30  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

May  7 — Complete  organization  of  county  food  administration  with  women 
as  township  chairmen. 

May  8 — Beginning  of  canteen  service  at  the  union  station  in  Bloom- 
ington,  with  women  in  uniform  on  duty. 

May      8 — Arrowsmith  puts  on   great  patriotic   celebration. 

May      9 — Leroy  stages  a  big  demonstration  for  loyalty. 

May  9 — State  Music  Teachers'  convention  in  Bloomington  sends  message 
to  President  Wilson  offering  hearty  support  in  war. 

May  9 — Canteen  committee  asks  for  magazines  for  use  of  soldiers  en 
route. 

May  9 — Judge  Eiley  announces  thrift  and  war  savings '  stamps  sold  in 
five  months  to  amount  of  $155,544. 

May  9 — Food  administration  allows  extra  quantity  of  sugar  to  be  sold 
if  used  for  canning. 

May  10 — Lieut.  Louis  Eddy  Davis  killed  in  aeroplane  accident  at  Elling- 
ton fiedd,  Texas. 

May  10- — Fifteen  laborers  leave  for  work  in  ammunition  factory  in  Wis- 
consin. 

May  10 — Cadet  John  Brokaw,  aviator  at  Chanute  field,  flics  to  Blooming- 
ton  and  alights  in  front  of  his  father's  home. 

May    12 — County   draft  quota   for   May  25   cut  in   half. 

May  12 — Miss  Helen  Fraser  from  England  makes  war  time  address  on 
work  of  English  women. 

May    12 — Anchor  people  put  on  big  patriotic  celebration. 

May  12 — Fifty  draft  men  sent  to  Jefferson  barracks,  after  fitting  send- 
off  here. 

May  13 — First  Methodist  church  offers  building  for  any  patriotic  purpose 
wanted. 

May  13 — Funeral  of  Lieut.  Louis  E.  Davis  held  in  Bloomington,  with 
notable  demonstration  of  honor  to  the  dead 

May    13 — Five  men  enlist  in  army,  six  in  navy  in  one  day. 

May    13 — Miss  Clara   Brian   chosen   for   county  home  adviser. 

May    14 — Township  quotas  for  Bed  Cross  drive  announced. 

May  14 — Aeroplane  from  Eantoul  falls  in  wreck  near  Cropsey;  flyer  not 
injured. 

May    15 — Two  Normal  girls  apply  for  enlistment  in  the  navy. 

May  15 — Illinois  State  Dental  society  listens  to  lecture  of  war-time  sur- 
gery from  Dr.  Beck  of  Chicago. 

May  15 — Announcement  of  military  course  to  be  put  in  at  Wesleyan 
university. 

May  15 — Lieut.  Stephen  Fitzgerald,  of  Dorchester,  Mass.,  who  had  many 
relatives  here,  reported  killed  in  battle  in  France. 

May    16 — Service   flag  dedicated  at   Bloomington  high   school. 

May  16 — Eeport  on  receipts  of  recent  patriotic  pageant  show  total  of 
$3,519. 

May  16 — J.  J.  Hagin,  superintendent  of  schools  at  McLean,  goes  to 
France  for  Y.  M.  C.  A. 

May  16 — Local  draft  boards  ordered  to  send  30  men  each  to  Fort  Thomas, 
Ky.,  on  May  29. 

May  17 — Columbia  school,  near  Arrowsmith,  makes  great  record  in  buy- 
ing liberty  bonds,  selling  $7,300  in  bonds  or  an  average  of 
$811  per  pupil. 

May    19 — Township  chairmen  appointed  for  Eed  Cross  drive. 

May    19 — Corp.  Carl  E.  Miller  of  Heyworth  reported  killed  in  battte. 

May  19 — Eeport  that  a  total  of  793  school  children  in  city  have  war 
gardens. 

May  19 — County  Treasurer  Eice  to  make  survey  of  property  in  county 
owned  by  alien  enemies. 

May    19 — Hurry  call  for  fifty  men  received  by  draft  boards. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 31 

May    20 — Great  street  parade  as  boost  for  Red  Cross  drive,  about  10,000 

people  being  in  line  and  all  city's  organizations  represented. 
May  20 — Blooniingtou  high  school  hangs  service  flag  with  112  names. 
May  20 — Prof.  Robert  Herrick  of  University  of  Chicago,  in  war  talk  at 

Coliseum. 
May    20 — Anchor,   Martin,   Funk 's   Grove   and   Mt.   Hope   went  over   their 

quota  in  first  day  of  Red  Cross  drive. 
May    21— Lieut.     Young,  veteran  of  three  years  of  war  in  Canadian  army, 

talks  to  Red  Cross  workers. 
May    21 — City  passes  ordinance  to  stamp  out  barberry  bushes,  menace  to 

wheat  of  country. 
May    22 — Lieut.    Robert    Renard   of   French    army,    wearer    of   war   cross, 

talks  before  Red  Cross  boosters. 
May    22 — High  school  pupils  write  in  contest  of  essays  on  the  subject  of 

potatoes. 

May    23 — Changes  in  local  food  board,  Sam  Waldman  being  new  chairman. 
May    24 — Gridley  people  put  on  a  great  patriotic  rally. 
May    24 — Eleven  recruits  sent  to  the  army  by  local  station. 
May    25 — Gov.  Deneen  in  war  talk  before  the  Bloomington  Consistory. 
May    26 — Dr.   H.   K.   Denlinger  addresses  community  meeting  on   ' '  Spirit 

of  America. ' ' 

May    27 — Close  of  Red  Cross  drive  with  total  of  $93,812  raised,  being  one- 
third  more  than  quota. 

May    27 — Thirteen  new  soldiers  sent   to  Jefferson  barracks   as  recruits. 
May    27 — Miss  Carrie  Lyons  of  the  department  of  animal  husbandry,  gives 

series  of  demonstrations  on  cottage  cheese  in  Bloomington. 
27 — Coal   dealers   announce   partial   payment   plan   for   consumers   to 

assist   in   laying  in  winter   supplies. 
28 — Bloomington  recruits  station  scores  best  record  in  whole  Peoria 

district  for  the  week. 
29 — Forty-two    men    sent    by    draft    boards    to    Camp    Shelby,    near 

Hattiesburg,  Miss. 

May    30 — Annual  golf  tourney  of  Central  Illinois  abandoned  owing  to  war. 
May    SO^Irving  school  children  get  letter  from  Gen.  Harbord. 
May    31 — Hudson  has  community  demonstration  for  the  boys  who  are  soon 

to  be  drafted. 
May    31 — Woodford    county    soldiers   join    McLean   contingent   when   they 

entrain  for  Fort  Thomas,  Ky. 
May    31 — Fifty-two   enlisted  men   depart  for  Great   Lakes  naval   station; 

about  fifty  for  the  army. 

May    31 — Lieut.  John  Brokaw  married  to  Miss  Lucile  Barry. 
May    31 — Draft  contingent  leaves  for  Fort  Thomas,  Ky. ;  joined  here  by 

Woodford  county  contingent. 
May    31 — Patriotic  demonstration  at  Hudson. 

June     2 — National   "coal   week"   observed;   put  in  fuel   for  next   winter. 
June  1  and  2 — Large  delegation  of  enlisted  men  to  Jefferson  barracks. 
June     5 — Thrift  stamp   drive  nets  a  total  of  $172,707.41. 
June     5 — Young  men  registered  who  have  come  of  age  since  last  year  on 

June  5,  the  total  in  the  county  being  438. 
June     5 — Red  Cross  drive  here  to  secure  quota  of  the  25,000  army  nurses 

needed  for  immediate  service. 
June     5 — Order  received  by  draft  boards  for  565  men  to  be  sent  to  camp 

on  June   24. 
June    6 — People  watch  bulletins  of  big  battle  in  France,  believing  that 

many   Bloomington   boys   are   in   the   action. 

June     7 — Military  class  to  be  formed  for  the  Normal  summer  school. 
June     7 — All  class   1  men  notified   by   draft  boards   to  be  ready  for  call 

at  any  time. 


32 


June     8 — Army    recruiting    station    resumes    activity    after    a    period    of 

quiescence. 
June     9 — Announced   that   Gen.   Harbord   is   in   command  of  the   Marines 

at  the  battle  now  raging  in  attack  on  German  lines. 

June     9 — Coal  week  results  in  many  hundred  orders  being  placed  by  house- 
holders. 

June  10 — List  published  of  young  men  who  registered  for  draft  on  June  5. 
June  10 — Earl  Nichols  of  this  city  reported  among  the  wounded. 
June  12 — Woman   from   central  division  headquarters  here  to  explain  the 

Red  Cross   civilian  relief  work. 
June  13 — McLean  county  service  flag  with  2,000  stars  is  dedicated  with 

impressive  ceremonies. 

June  13 — Six  men   sent  to  Valparaiso  for   special  training. 
June  13 — Food  administration  sends  out  urgent  call  to  save  grain. 
June  14 — Flag  raising  at  Beich's  factory. 
June  14 — Ruling    of    food    administration   that    sugar   purchases    shall    be 

limited  to  two  pounds  per  customer  in  the  city,  five  pounds  to 

country  customer. 

June  14 — Plans  made  for  registering  all  men  for  emergency  farm  work. 
June  15 — Naval  recruiting  station  in  Bloomington  to  be  kept  open. 
June  17 — Orders  received  that  no  reduction  in  the  number  of  draft  men 

for  June  24  be  made. 

June  17 — Belgian   Relief   committee   issues   appeal   for   clothing. 
Juno  18 — Nine  aeroplanes   here   from   Rantoul. 
June  18 — Plans  made  for  registering  and  weighing  babies  under  6  as  part 

of  general  health  campaign. 
June  18 — Municipal  canning  center  opens  in  the  Pantagraph  building  with 

large  crowd  of  women  to  see  demonstration. 
June  18' — Free  yarn  at  the,Red  Cross  headquarters  is  exhausted. 
June  19 — Movement  started  for  recruiting  up  Company  M. 
June  20 — Records  show  very  few  June  brides,  owing  to  war. 
June  20 — Twenty-five  men  sent  from  this  county  to  auto  school  at  Kansas 

City. 

June  20 — Prayers  for  peace  in  Catholic  churches. 
June  21 — William    McClellan    of    Coif  ax    and    Harry    Myers    of    McLean 

officially  reported   wounded. 
June  21 — Quota  for  McLean  county  in  war  savings  stamps  drive  is  placed 

at  $1,400,000. 
June  23 — Citizens  of  that  section  force  Lawndale  school  to  close  owing  to 

teacher 's  use  of  German  language. 
June  23 — Harry  Myers  of  McLean  reported  to  have  died  in  France  from 

wounds. 
June  23 — Large  number  of  McLean   county  men   sent  from  Camp  Dodge 

to  Camp   Pike. 

June  24 — St.   Mary 's  school  children  form  living  flag  in  street. 
June  24 — Assembly  of  the  565  men  for  leaving  to  camp  tomorrow. 
June  24 — Forty-two   German   women   registered    under   the   regulation    re- 
quiring all  such  to  register. 

June  24 — Two   thousand  men  registered  for  farm  work. 
June  25 — Good-bye  to  the  draft  contingent  of  565  off  to  Camp  Wheeler. 
June  25 — Order  received  that  no  Illinois  men  will  be  included  in  the  July 

draft  call. 

June  25 — Federal  bureau   issues  call  for  laborers  for  Aberdeen,   Md. 
June  25 — Rules  issued  for  storing  coal  to  avoid  fire. 
June  25 — Civilian  Relief  department  of  Red  Cross  had  busiest  day  since 

it  was  organized. 

June  26 — Registration  of  German  women  closes  with  96  registered. 
June  26 — Leroy  stages  great  loyalty  rally;  service  flag  dedicated. 
June  27 — Serial  numbers  published  for  the  1918  registrants. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 33 

June  27 — Draft  boards  ordered  to  re-classify  all  the  4,000  registrants. 

June  27 — Willard   Hensley   killed  in  France. 

June  28 — Big  Belgian  Belief  party  at  the  Country  club. 

June  28 — First  Methodist  church  dedicates  service  flag  with  68  stars. 

June  29 — Bloomington  postoffice  sells  $100,000  in  war  savings  stamps. 

June  30 — Memorial  services  at  McLean  for  Henry  Myers. 

June  30 — Bloomington  garages  adopt  early  closing  rule  to  save  fuel. 

June  30 — Second   Christian   church   dedicates   service   flag. 

July      1 — Work  or  fight  rule   goes   into   effect. 

July      1 — Spencer  Ewing  called  to  the  state  fuel  administration. 

July      1 — Patriotic  League  formed  among  high  school  girls. 

July      1 — Eeport    of   government   employment   office   for   June   shows    200 

men  got  jobs. 

July      1 — Sugar  bowls  barred   from  tables  at  hotels  and  restaurants. 
July      2 — Emergency  motor  corps  organized. 
July      2 — Employers  announce  they  will  advance  money  to  aid  people  to 

place  their  coal  orders  early. 
July      4 — Big  public   demonstration  and  picnic  in  honor  of  55  men  who 

volunteered   and  will   leave   tomorrow  for   Jefferson  barracks. 
July      4 — Three  Brokaw  hospital   nurses  leave   for  war  work. 
July      4 — One  half  of  city  's  total  winter  supply  of  coal  now  in  cellars  of 

citizens. 
July     5 — Better  Farming  Association  issue  appeal  that  every  farmer  raise 

ten  acres  of  wheat. 
July      7 — Forty-six  quarts  of  vegetables   and   fruits  canned   at  municipal 

center  first  week. 
July      7 — Alton  shop  men  in  body  attend  memorial  service  for  Sergt.  Joe 

Hauptman,  killed  in  battle  in  France. 
July      9 — Spencer  Ewing  made  state  fuel  officer. 
July    10 — McLean   Bar   association   dedicates   service   flag. 
July    10 — Congressman   Sterling  takes  flight  in  army  aeroplane  in  Wash- 
ington. 
July    10 — Two   hundred   fifty   Alton   shop   men    address   Federal   Director 

McAdoo  for  increase  of  wages. 

July  11 — Salvation  Army  drive  planned  and  township  quotas  announced. 
July  11 — C.  B.  Hughes  named  as  county  director  of  public  service  reserve. 
July  14 — Prof.  Wallis,  principal  of  Bloomington  high  school,  decides  to 

go  to  France  as  Y.  M.  C.  A.  secretary. 

July    14 — Eeport  that  William  John  Morgan  was  wounded  in  action. 
July    14 — French  market  held  at  the  Bed  Cross  exchange,  netting  the  sum 

of  $500  for  Bed  Cross. 

July    14 — County  drive  for  Salvation  Army  begins. 
July    15 — Personal  belongings  of  Joe  Hauptman,  who  had  been  killed   in 

battle,  sent  to  his  relatives  here. 

July    15 — Twenty-three  recruits  for  the  navy  sent  to  Peoria. 
July    15 — County  bureau  formed  to  supply  emergency  farm  labor. 
July    16 — Several  men  from  Barnum's  circus  enlist  in  the  navy  while  here. 
July    17 — Ernest    Benedict    of    McLean    reported    dead    from    wounds    in 

battle. 

July    17 — Illinois  troops  given  an  ovation  at  Camp  Wheeler. 
July    18 — Ervin  P.  Martensen  of  Anchor  reported  killed  in  battle. 
July    18 — Cannon  boom  in  Bloomington  for  the  reports  of  the  victory  of 

American  troops  at  Chateau  Thierry. 

July    18 — Two   men   arrested   in   Bloomington  for   disloyal   talk. 
July    19 — B.  A.  Franklin  appointed  county  fuel  administrator. 
July    19 — Congressman  Medill  McCormick  talks  about  his  observations  in 

the  war. 

July    19 — Draft  order  for  25  negroes  to  be  sent  to  camp  Aug.  1. 
July    19 — Great  campaign  to  get  farmers  to  grow  wheat  is  now  on. 


34 McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

July    21 — Memorial  service  held  at  Anchor  for  Ervin  P.  Martensen. 

July    21 — Thirteen   airships   from   Rantoul  visit   this  city. 

July    21— Move  to  build  canteen  hut  at  the  union  depot. 

July    21 — Report  that  Campbell  Brunton  had  won  the  croix  de  guerre. 

July    21 — Dr.  John  S.  Hamilton  lectures  in  boosting  the  Salvation  Army 

drive. 
July   22 — Order  issued  that  hard  coal  shall  be  distributed  to  small  users 

with  stoves  rather  than  furnaces. 

July    23 — Wheatless  bread   demonstration  attracts  large  crowd  to   munic- 
ipal kitchen. 

July    23 — Total  supply  of  hard  coal  in  Bloomington  is  442  tons. 
July    24 — Chris  Phillos  gives  receipts  of  store  for  one  day  to  Red  Cross 

canteen  hut,  netting  $335. 
July    24 — Permission  required  to   secure   10  pounds  of  sugar  for  canning 

purposes. 

July    26 — Order  received,  for  105  men  to  be  sent  in  the  draft  on  August  1. 
July    28 — Eagles  dedicate  service  flag  with  33  stars. 
July    28 — Personnel  committee  of  Y.  M.  C.  A.  selects  12  men  for  overseas 

duty. 

July    29 — First  lightless  nights — Mondays  and  Tuesdays. 
July    30 — Saybrook   dedicates   community   service  flag. 
July    30 — Word   received   here   that    Harry    G.    Bishop    of    Normal   made 

brigadier  general  in  France. 

July    30 — Many  clamoring  for  hard  coal  which  they  cannot  get. 
July    30 — D.  A.  R.  gives  silk  flag  to  Company  M. 
July    30 — Major  Bruce  Carlock  wins  war  cross. 
July    30 — Young  Men's  club  votes  to  put  on  big  benefit  fete  at  E.  M. 

Evans'  house  as  war  benefit. 

July    31 — Outdoor  supper  at  Withers  park  for  departing  draft  men. 
Aug.     1 — Y.  W.  C.  A.   Fellowship   club   collects  old   rubber  in  barrels   at 

court  house. 

Aug.     1 — Sunset  fete  in  Normal  benefit  surgical  dressings  department. 
Aug.     2 — Community  labor  board  formed. 
Aug.     2 — One  ton  hard  coal  allotted  to  each  base  burner. 
Aug.     2 — Three  thousand  people  attend  pavement  dance  at  Emerson  school. 
Aug.     4 — News  of  Howard  Bolin  killed  in  battle. 
Aug.     4 — Crowds  watch  newspaper  bulletin  boards  for  news  of  great  drive 

in   France. 

Aug.     5 — Harry  Kraps  wins  French  war  cross. 
Aug.     6 — News  of  the  wounding  of  Capt.  Eugene  Hamill. 
Aug.     6 — No  sugar  for  canning  until  further  notice. 
Aug.     7 — News  of  the  wounding  of  Claude  Miller  on  July  19. 
Aug.     7 — Baldwin's  store  gives  benefit  for  canteen  service. 
Aug.     7 — Sergt.  Jack  Boyer,  hero  of  Soissons,  weds  Beatrice  Sutton. 
Aug.     7 — Government  calls  for  1,150  laborers  from  this  district. 
Aug.     7 — Community   war   benefit   entertainment   at   McLean   nets   $1,755. 
Aug.     8 — Alton  shops  service  flag  dedicated  by  Senator  Medill  McCormick. 
Aug.     8 — Rush  at  recruiting  station. 

Aug.     9 — "Over  There,"  great  war  benefit  attracts  3,500  people. 
Aug.     9 — One  grocer  deprived  of  license  for  selling  flour  contrary  to  rules. 
Aug.     9 — The  McLean   county   quota   for   wheat   raising  is   103,000   acres. 
Aug.  10 — News  of  Dewey  Burger  of  McLean  killed  in  battle. 
Aug.  10 — Seventeen  men  enlist  in  the  navy. 
Aug.  11 — Second  night  of  ' '  Over  There ' '  with  3,000  present. 
Aug.  12 — Meeting  of  citizens  to  consider  War  Chest  plan. 
Aug.  13 — John  H.  Kasbeer  of  Normal  made  ensign. 
Aug.  13— Total  receipts  of  "Over  There"  announced  as  $2,610. 
Aug.  13 — Recruiting   station   final   report   shows  427   enlisted   since   April. 
Aug.  15 — Jones-White  family  dedicate  service  flag  at  reunion  with  20  stars. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 35 

Aug.  15 — War  time  chautauqua  opens  in  Bloomington  with  large  crowd. 

Aug.  15 — Wheatless  days  ordered   discontinued. 

Aug.  16 — Forty  recruits  enlist  in  navy  here  in  one  day. 

Aug.  16 — Irving  school  pageant  and  pavement  dance. 

Aug.  16 — Two  gold  bricks  from  Belgian  Belief's  melting  pot  worth  $63. 

Aug.  18 — News  that  John  H.  Kraus  of  Danvers  killed  in  battle.    • 

Aug.  19 — Orders  to  enlist  men  from  41  to  56  years. 

Aug.  21 — Chester   Daniels,   colored,   dies  in   France  of  pneumonia. 

Aug.  21 — Red  Cross  canteen  hut  opened  with  immense  crowd. 

Aug.  22 — Government  takes  all  prunes   available. 

Aug.  22 — Kenneth  Jones  flies  over  his  home  town,  Normal. 

Aug.  22 — Labor  bureau  sends  questionnaire  to  local  industries. 

Aug.  24 — Colored  people's  convention  places  gold  star  for  Chester  Daniels. 

Aug.  23 — Thirty  men  called  in  new  draft  contingent. 

Aug.  24 — Great    war    benefit    party    at    ' '  The    Oaks, ' '    home    of    Howard 

Humphreys. 

Aug.  27 — Order   for  observance   of  first   ' '  gasless ' '   Sunday. 
Aug.  27 — Order  to  all  coal  users  that  they  must  economize. 
Aug.  27 — Sixty   citizens   sign   up   pledge   to   support   100   orphans. 
Aug.  28 — Lyle  Best  dies  at  Great  Lakes. 
Aug.  28 — Roland  Read  home  from  service  in  Italy. 
Aug.  29 — ' '  Sailing  dates ' '  for  shipments  on  railroads. 
Aug.  29 — Five    thousand    people    attend    pavement    festival    for    Edwards 

school. 
Aug.  30 — Report  on  receipts  of  parties  at  ' '  The  Oaks ' '  showing  total  of 

$5,500. 
Aug.  30 — Rules   changed   on  wheat  flour   allowing  sales  with   20   per   cent 

substitutes. 

Sept.     1 — Local   army  recruiting   station  gets  orders  to   close  soon. 
Sept.     1 — Orders  received  establishing  Students '  Army  Training  Corps  at 

Wesleyan. 

Sept.     1 — First  gasless   Sunday   observed. 
Sept.     2 — First   orders   received   by  draft   boards   for  registering  men   18 

to  45  years. 
Sept.     2 — Many  people   call   on   Mayor   to   offer   excuses   for   driving  cars 

on  Sunday. 

Sept.     2 — New  official   orders   as  to   use  of  sugar  and  flour. 
Sept.     2 — September  calls  will  take  169  men  for  both  draft  boards. 
Sept.     3- — Contingent  of  men  to  Camp  Grant  for  limited  service. 
Sept.     3 — Rev.  W.  B.  Hindman  called  to  service  as  chaplain. 
Sept.     3 — Wesleyan   gets  contract  for  installing  S.  A.  T.  C. 
Sept.     4 — First  plans   for  fourth  liberty   loan  drive. 

Sept.     4 — Mayor  issues  call  for  registration  of  men  18  to  45  on  Sept.  12. 
Sept.     4 — Many  physicians  join  medical  reserve  corps. 
Sept.     4 — Appeal  to  save  peach  stones  for  making  gas  masks. 
Sept.     5 — Second  gasless  Sunday  observed  in  better  fashion. 
Sept.     5 — Prospect   of   army   truck   school    for   Bloomington. 
Sept.     5 — Ninety-nine   draft  men   banqueted   and  off   to   Camp  Grant. 
Sept.     6 — Thirty  men  sent  to  Camp  Forest,  Lytle,  Ga, 
Sept.     6 — Feast  of  Lanterns  put  on  at  Country  Club  by  girls  of  Patriotic 

League. 

Sept.     8 — Better   observance   of   second   gasless   Sunday. 
Sept.     9 — Knights  of  Columbus  put  on  big  lawn  fete  at  ' '  The  Oaks. ' ' 
Sept.  10 — Report  shows  Knights  of  Columbus  made  $3,500  by  lawn  fete. 
Sept.  10 — Dr.  Guthrie  named  to  mobilize  doctors  of  county. 
Sept.  10 — Court  trials  postponed  to  let  lawyers  help  with  draft  question- 
naire. 

Sept.  11 — Claude  Miller  writes  he  is  going  back  to  trenches  after  recovery. 
Sept.  11 — Amateur   Musical   club    outlines   war-time   program   of   music. 


36  McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 

Sept.  12 — Eegistration  day  for  men  18  to  45;  total  of  8,020  register. 
Sept.  12 — Hard   coal   supply  in  local   cellars   one-fourth  of  last   year. 
Sept.  12 — The   68th   regiment,  mostly  McLean   county  boys,  reaches   Eng- 
land. 

Sept.  14 — Men  who  registered  Sept.  12  put  on  big  night  parade. 
Sept.  15 — Memorial   service  at   First  Christian   church   for   Howard   Bolin. 
Sept.  16 — Edward  Dwyer  of  Cooksville  reported  probably  taken  prisoner. 
Sept.  17 — Glenn   Gilmore   of   Leroy   reported   gassed. 
Sept.  18 — B.   and  N.   railway   adopts  skip-stop   plan. 
Sept.  19 — Company  M  takes  four  days'  hike  to  Galesburg. 
Sept.  20 — Lawyers  organize  to  assist  with  draft  questionnaires. 
Sept.  20 — Electrical  Workers '  union  put  on  big  party  at  ' '  The  Oaks. ' ' 
Sept.  20 — C.  D.  Phillos,  who  gave  store's  receipts  for  Bed  Cross,  is  dead. 
Sept.  22 — Eed  Cross  starts  drive  for  old  clothing  for  war  sufferers. 
Sept.  22— Appeal   made   through   papers   for   temporary   sleeping   quarters 

for  S.  A.  T.  C.  boys. 

Sept.  22 — The  Misses  Barren,  two  French  girls,  arrive  to  attend  Wesleyan. 
Sept.  23 — Contract  let  for  building  S.  A.  T.  C.  barracks  at  Wesleyan. 
Sept.  23 — Blooming    Grove    camp    of   Woodmen    dedicate   service    flag,    82 

stars. 

Sept.  24 — Checks  for  $300,000  back  war  pay  arrive  for  Alton  shop  men. 
Sept.  25 — Local   brewery  to    close   down   Oct.    1   owing   to   fuel   restrictive 

orders. 

Sept.  25 — Milton  R.  Livingston  appointed  commercial  economy  director. 
Sept.  25 — Quotas  announced  for  townships  in  fourth  liberty  loan  drive. 
Sept.  25 — Proposed  show  by  Great  Lakes  sailors  here  is  off  owing  to  flu. 
Sept.  25 — Alton  car  men  strike  owing  to  dissatisfaction  with  back  pay. 
Sept.  26 — Business  men  guarantee  $20,000  in  twenty  minutes  for  Wesleyan 

barracks 

Sept.  26 — Danvers  Eed  Cross   day  attracts   great   crowds. 
Sept.  26 — Big  patriotic  picnic  held  near  Coif  ax. 
Sept.  26 — McLean    and    DeWitt   counties    organize    for    united    war    work 

drive. 
Sept.  27 — Franklin    school    holds    great    patriotic    war   benefit    festival    in 

Coliseum. 

Sept.  27 — Big  liberty  loan  parade  in  Normal,  inaugurating  drive. 
Sept.  28— Liberty  loan  drive  starts  with  $1,391,000  pledged  first  day. 
Sept.  29 — Community  sing  at   high  school. 

Sept.  30 — Volunteer  liberty  loan  subscribers  hold  parade  at   ni^ht. 
Sept.  30 — First  serial  numbers  received  for  the   18  to  45  registrants. 
Oct.      1 — Twenty-one  men   sent  to  Jefferson  barracks  for  limited  service. 
Oct.      1 — Lieut.  Elmer  Doocy,  former  Wesleyan  man,  killed  in  battle. 
Oct.      1 — Clyde  Kind  of  Stanford  dies  of  influenza  at  Great  Lakes. 
Oct.      1 — Purse  given  by  church  to  Eev.  W.  B.  Hindman,  who  leaves  to 

become  chaplain. 
Oct.      1 — Lena  Hayes,  Hazel  Eoberts  and  Beatrice  Doty,  nurses,  to  Great 

Lakes. 

Oct.      1 — Miss  Opha  Wren  called  to  Europe  in  Eed  Cross  service. 
Oct.      1 — William   S.   Golliday  of  Lexington   dies  of  pneumonia  in   camp. 
Oct.      2 — Eansom  Johnson  dies  at  Camp  Devens,  Harry  Pietsch  at  Camp 

Grant 
Oct.      2 — Sergt.    Barre,    veteran    of    English    army    in    France,    speaks    at 

liberty  loan  parade. 
Oct.      2 — Total   of   245   women   at   work   in   Eed   Cross   rooms   making  flu 

masks. 

Oct.      2 — Memorial  exercises  at  Wesleyan  for  Lieut.  Elmer  Doocy. 
Oct.      2 — Bryan  Maxwell  of  McLean  dies  at  Norfolk. 
Oct.      3 — Fifteen  hundred  negro  troops  from  Camp  Funston  parade  streets 

here. 


37 


Oct.      3 — White   Elephant   sale  opens  at  Belgian  Belief  headquarters. 

Oct.      3 — Word  that  Joseph  A.  Erbe  of  Normal  killed  in  battle. 

Oct.      3 — Total  of  486  laborers  sent  from  this  district  to  war  industries 

elsewhere. 
Oct.      4 — Exhibit    of    produce    from    Bloomington    war    gardens,    at    high 

school. 

Oct.      4 — Eeceipts  first  day  White   Elephant  sale  $800. 
Oct.      5 — Train  of  war  trophies  exhibited  here  to  great  crowds. 
Oct.      6 — White  Elephant  sale   clears  $1,400. 
Oct.       7 — Edmond  Sutherland,  Charles  A.  Clarke  and  Carl  Louis  Koch  all 

dead  in  service. 
Oct.       7 — Capt.  Wheaton  arrives  to  take  military  charge  of  the  Wesleyan 

S.  A.  T.  C. 

Oct.       7 — Miss  Wilkerson  of  U.  of  I.  tells  women  how  to  save  clothes. 
Oct.       7 — Mass  meeting  at  Alton  shops  for  liberty  loan. 
Oct.       7 — Normal  raises  its  quota  of  liberty  loan. 
Oct.       8 — Howard  Wiley  dies  at  Great  Lakes;   Henry  Peckman  at  Camp 

Funston. 

Oct.       8 — Red   Cross   calls   for  help   to  make   flu   masks. 
Oct.       9 — Matthew  Holman   of  McLean  dead  at   Syracuse;   Bud   Peterson 

at  Camp  Custer. 

Oct.       9 — Fred   O  'Connor    dies   at   Camp   Grant. 

Oct.       9 — School  children  gather  25  bushels  of  peach  stones  for  gas  masks. 
Oct.       9 — All  Heyworth  turns  out  to  funeral  of  John  T.  Wakefield. 
Oct.     10 — Churches,  theaters  and  clubs  ordered  closed  on  account  of  the  flu. 
Oct.     10 — Howard   Rodman    dies   in   New   York ;    Chalres    E.    Harrison   of 

Chenoa  in  New  Jersey. 

Oct.     11 — Lexington   dedicates  service   flag. 

Oct.     11 — City  schools  are  closed  on  account  of  the  prevalence  of  influenza. 
Oct.     12 — Call  for  volunteer  nurses  to  help  take  care  of  the  many  flu  cases. 
Oct.     12 — All  churches  suspend  services  owing  to  the  flu. 
Oct.     12 — James  H.  Shaw  chosen  chairman  of  state  speakers'  bureau  for 

united  war  fund. 

Oct.     12 — Day's  death  reports  included  Eugene  McCarthy,  Thomas  Mont- 
gomery, Clyde  Robert  Miller,  and  William  H.  Eckhart. 
Oct.     13 — Phi  Gamma  Delta  fraternity  opened  as  infirmary  for  Wesleyan 

flu  victims. 

Oct.     13 — Maurice  Wakefield  dies  at  Iowa  university,  flu  victim. 
Oct.     13 — Mrs.  M.  T.  Scott 's  house  opened  as  emergency  hospital. 
Oct.     13 — Day's  death  reports  included  Loring  F.  Jones,  Charles  Witt  of 

Arrowsmith  and   Ben  Kaplan. 

Oct.     13 — Claude  Miller  home   with  wound   received   at   Soissons  July   19. 
Oct.     13 — Country  Club  house  opened  as  emergency  hospital. 
Oct.     14 — Day 's   death   reports   included    Lieut.    Richard   Boydston,   Kline 

Alfred   Lantz,    Orville   Bechtel. 

Oct.     14 — Delmar  Olson  first  flu  victim  to  die  at  the  Country  Club  hospital. 
Oct.     14 — Order  that  no  more  sugar  for  canning  after  tomorrow. 
Oct.     15 — Police  keep  crowds  back  that  throng  sugar  office. 
Oct.     15 — Day's  deaths  include  Edward  lehl,  Earl  Smith,  W.  F.  Dunlap, 

Charles  F.   Smith. 

Oct.     15 — Alton  to  run  special  train  to  boost  liberty  loan. 
Oct.     15 — Twelve  men  sent  to  Bradley  for  war  training. 
Oct.     16 — Flu  spreads;  appeal  for  volunteer  nurses. 
Oct.     16 — Warren  Webber  of  Arrowsmith  dies  in  Washington. 
Oct.     16 — New  rules  restricting  deliveries  of  goods  in  city. 
Oct.     16— Grant   Metcalf  dies. 

Oct.     16 — Rev.  W.  B.  Hindman  called  to  service  as  army  chaplain. 
Oct.     17 — Maurice   Roberts,   Wesleyan   soldier,    dies   of   influenza. 
Oct.     17 — Ban  lifted  on  use  of  gasoline  Sundays  for  pleasure  riding. 


38 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOULD    WAE 


MEMORIAL  ARCHES  AT  COURT  HOUSE 
Built  by  contributions  from  all  parts  of  the  county 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 39 

Oct.     17 — State  labor  convention  postponed  on  account  of  flu. 

Oct.     17 — Stricter  rules  for  food  at  hotels  and  restaurants. 

Oct.     17 — Elmo  Hill  of  Lexington  dies. 

Oct.     18 — Thirty  men  apply  for  service  in  motor  transport. 

Oct.     18 — Prof.  Wm.  Wallis,  former  principal  of  Bloomington  high,  called 

to  service. 

Oct.     19 — McLean  county's  quota  on  war  loan  is  raised. 
Oct.     20 — Funeral   of   Congressman    Sterling;    Frank   L.   Smith  named   by 

republicans   for   candidate   for   special   election   in   this   district. 
Oct.     20 — Fred  Allen  dies  at  Carnp  Wheeler. 
Oct.     20 — Second  flu  wave  sweeps  over  city. 

Oct.     21 — Call  for  reserves  to  fight  flu ;  first  contingent  of  women  worn  out. 
Oct.     21 — Earl  Spencer  dies  of  wounds  in  France. 
Oct.     21 — Sarah  Wells,  superintendent  of  Scott  hospital,  called  for  nursing 

service  at  Camp  Grant. 

Oct.     22 — Wesleyan  S.  A.  T.  C.  get  first  equipment. 
Oct.     22 — First  death  in  'Saybrook   caused  by  flu. 
Oct.     23 — Local  demand  for  coffins  greater  than  the  supply. 
Oct.     23 — James  Sia  is  second  death  at  Scott  emergency  hospital. 
Oct.     23 — Local   food   inspectors   visit   hotels   and   restaurants   looking   for 

violations. 

Oct.     24 — Day's  deaths  include  Homer   Mitchell  and  Melvin  Bossingham. 
Oct.     25 — City  draft  board  gets  calls  for  423  men  and  county  board  for 

458  in  next  two  months. 
Oct.     26 — Flu  epidemic  practically  closed. 
Oct.     26 — Harry  W.   Andrews   of   Gridley    dies   while   waiting  for  call  in 

draft. 

Oct.     27 — Hands  of  all   clocks  turned  backward  one  hour  to   ' '  save   day- 
light." 
Oct.     28 — Dr.    Elder    returns    from    emergency   for    emergency   service    on 

account  of  flu. 

Oct.     29 — Covel   people   send    truck   load   of   provisions   to    Scott  hospital. 
Oct.     29 — All  flu  patients  taken  to   Scott  hospital. 
Oct.     29 — Normal  university  girls  offer  to  help  with  corn  husking. 
Oct.     30 — Bed  Cross  starts  sending  packed  Christinas  parcels  to   soldiers. 
Oct.     31 — Death  of  Archie  Stewart  on  ship  taking  him  over  to  Europe.    • 
Oct.     31 — Pearl    Dickerson    of    Leroy    drowned    in    sinking    of    the    ship 

Otranto. 

Oct.     31 — Flu  ban  lifted  from  all  city  activities. 

Oct.     31 — County  quota  announced  as  $165,000  for  united  war  work  drive. 
Nov.      1 — New   rule   that   families   may   buy    three   pounds   of   sugar   per 

person  per  month. 

Nov.      1 — Call  for  37  men  to  be  sent  by  draft  boards  to  Camp  Wadsworth. 
Nov.      1 — Lieut.  McDavid  killed  in  France. 
Nov.      1 — Eed  Cross  exchange  reopens  after  flu  epidemic  at  new  location, 

214  W.  Jefferson  street. 

Nov.      1 — Leslie  Pfiffner,  formerly  of  Normal,  killed  in  battle. 
Nov.      1 — S.  A.  T.  C.  boys  to  the  number  of  237  sworn  in  at  Wesleyan. 
Nov.      2 — Classes  of  instruction  for  foreigners  started  at  high  and  Sheri- 
dan schools. 

Nov.      4 — Great  county  corn  show  opens  at  Wesleyan  barracks. 
Nov.      4 — City  schools  reopen  after  the  flu  epidemic. 
Nov.      4 — Urgent  call  for  nurses  and  food  for  Scott  emergency  hospital. 
Nov.      4 — Lieut.  Max  Montgomery  weds  Mary  Mayne  in  England. 
Nov.      4 — City  exemption  board  announces  list  of  Class  1  registrants. 
Nov.      5 — Announced    that   no    more    patients    will    be    received    at    Scott 

hospital. 
Nov.      5 — Beport  that  Euel  Neal  of  Leroy  was  killed  in  battle  in  France. 


40 McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 

Nov.      5 — Report   of   the   death   of   Capt.   Hugh   M.   Price   at   Norfolk   as 

result  of  auto  accident. 

Nov.      6 — Annual  Red  Cross  meeting  at  McLean. 
Nov.      7 — Fake  rumor  of  signing  of  peace  armistice  creates  stir  in  many 

cities. 

Nov.      7 — Thirty  laborers   sent  from  here  to   ship   yards  at  Philadelphia. 
Nov.      7 — County   organization   formed   for   United   War  Work   drive. 
Nov.      7 — Corn  show  at  Wesleyan  barracks  closes  with  $4,765   receipts. 
Nov.      8 — Funeral  of  Capt.  Hugh  M.  Price  held  in  Bloomington. 
Nov.      8 — Irving  school  gives  $652  to  war  fund. 

Nov.      8 — Red  Cross  flu  committee  holds  meeting  to  wind  up  its  affairs. 
Nov.      9 — Day's    deaths    include   Fred    Skinner,    Charles    L.    Brining    and 

Bernard   Davis. 

Nov.    11— ARMISTICE   SIGNED. 
Nov.    11 — City   of   Bloomington   wild   with   exultation   over   armistice;    all 

day  celebration. 

Nov.    11 — United  War   Work   fund   drive   for   $60,000  in  this   county. 
Nov.    12— City  clears  streets  of  debris  left  after  big  celebration. 
Nov.    12— The  $100  club  of  the  United  War  fund  drive  gets  158  members 

to  date. 

Nov.    13 — Forty -five  cases  of  flu   at  the   Soldiers'  Orphans'  Home. 
Nov.    13 — Young   people   form   an   organization   to   back   the   United   War 

Work  drive. 

Nov.    13 — Ban  removed  and  no  more  lightless  nights  this  winter. 
Nov.    14 — Scott   emergency  hospital   closed. 
Nov.    14 — Bloomirrgton  high   school  pupils  give  $500  to  united  war  work 

fund. 
Nov.    15 — Benefit   concert    for   the   united    war   work    fund    given   by    the 

Amateur  Musical  club. 
Nov.    15 — Grade   schools   form   Victory   clubs   to   back   United  War   Work 

fund. 

Nov.    17 — Last   day  of  war  work  fund   drive,  with   $25,000   to   raise. 
Nov.    18 — City  raises  its  quota  of  United  War  Work  drive. 
Nov.    18 — Exemption   boards   discontinue   physical   examinations. 
Nov.    18 — Modification   of   fuel   orders,   making   them   more   liberal. 
•Nov.    18 — Memorial  services  held  for  Frank  Thoennes  and  Willard  Pierson. 
Nov.    18 — No  more  inductions  into  the  S.  A.  T.  C. 

Nov.    19 — Word  that  Sergt.  E.  O.  Bailey  of  Heyworth  was  killed  in  battle. 
Nov.    19 — Food  and  fuel  administration  to  be  continued  indefinitely. 
Nov.    19 — Big  carnival  and  peace  party  by  the  Canteen  committee  held  at 

the  court  house. 

Nov.    20— Report  of  the  death  of  Charles  Nelson  of  Leroy. 
Nov.    20 — Canteen  party  netted  $500. 
Nov.    20 — Dwight  Packard  on  ship  which  was  torpedoed. 
Nov.    21 — Report    of    employment   bureau    for    eight    months   shows    1,898 

men  placed  in  jobs. 
Nov.    21 — Wesleyan    stands    second    among    colleges    on    united    war    work 

fund  drive. 

Nov.    21 — Draft  boards  instructed  to  close  up  work  by  Dec.  9. 
Nov.    21 — U.  S.  food  inspectors  here  looking  for  violations. 
Nov.    22 — Red  Cross  chapter  gets  an  appeal  to  keep  up  its  work. 
Nov.    22 — Report  reaches  here  that  Opha  Wren  is  in  hospital. 
Nov.    23 — Flu  ban  lifted   at  Leroy. 
Nov.    25 — County   drive   for  united   war  work   fund   closes,   $700  short   of 

quota. 

Nov.    25 — Monthly  sugar  quota  increased  to  four  pounds  per  person. 
Nov.    26 — Report  of  the  wounding  of  Herbert  C.  Rediger. 
Nov.    27 — Discharge   of   the   S.   A.   T.   C.    at   the   Wesleyan    ordered   from 

Washington. 


MCLEAN  COUNTY  AND  THE  WORLD  WAR 41 

Nov.    27 — Honor  buttons   given   to   children   who   ran  war   gardens. 

Nov.    27 — Eev.  E.  K.  Masterson  of  Normal  sent  to  Saloniki. 

Nov.  28 — Boxers  and  wrestlers  from  Great  Lakes  naval  station  give  ex- 
hibit here. 

Nov.  29 — French  military  band,  composed  of  veterans  of  many  battles, 
give  concert  here. 

Nov.    29 — Commercial   economy   administration   discontinued. 

Dec.      1 — Normal  university  announced  to  have  seven   gold  stars  on  flag. 

Dec.      1 — Herbert  Hoover's  food  letter  read   at  churches. 

Dee.      1 — Grocers   excused    from   keeping   further   records    of   sugar   sales. 

Dec.  1 — Roy  Crotinger  of  Saybrook  dies  of  battle  wounds,  E.  C.  Kitter- 
man  killed,  and  Thomas  Cooney  dies  in  France  from  pneumonia. 

Dec.      2 — Ralph  Hoover  dies  in  western  army  camp. 

Dec.  2 — Last  appearance  of  S.  A.  T.  C.  as  organized  body,  at  com- 
munity sing. 

Dec.  3 — Capt.  Ivan  Elliott  home  after  eleven  months  fighting  in  France 
with  heavy  artillery. 

Dec.  3 — Supervisor  Welch  introduces  resolution  to  build  county  memorial 
building. 

Dec.  4 — Gov.  Lowden  gives  stirring  war  speech  at  state  labor  convention 
here. 

Dec.      4 — Exhibit   here  of  war   pictures  by  Hungarian  artist. 

Dec.      4 — Red  Cross  issues  hurry  call  for  more  flu  masks. 

Dec.      4 — William  Savage  of  Downs  drowned  at  Newport  News. 

Dec.      5 — Many  city  firms  sign  agreement  to  take  back  soldiers  in  old  jobs. 

Dec.      5 — Library  issues  call  for  500  books  for  soldiers. 

Dec.      5 — City   health   board   makes   statement   on   the   influenza   epidemic. 

Dec.      6 — State  federation  of  labor  convention  in  Bloomington. 

Dec.      7 — Tag  day  for  French  orphans. 

Dec.      8 — Annual  meeting  of  McLean  county  chapter  of  Red  Cross. 

Dec.  8 — Memorial  service  at  Trinity  Lutheran  church  for  Karl  Louis 
Koch. 

Dec.      9 — Council  of  Defense  holds  its  final  meeting. 

Dec.      9 — Exemption  boards  officially  close  their  work. 

Dec.  10 — Earl  Nichols,  wounded  in  battle,  returns  to  hospital  after  visit 
here. 

Dec.  10 — McLean  county  over-subscribes  united  war  fund  on  quota  of 
$167,000. 

Dec.    11 — William  Frank  Barnes  of  Cropsey  dies  in  hospital  at  Lafayette. 

Dec.   *11 — Sugar  bowls  back  on  tables  at  restaurants  after  five  months. 

Dec.    12 — Influenza  epidemic  on  the  wane. 

Dec.    12 — Announced   Wesleyan  law  school  will  re-open  in  January. 

Dec.    12 — Isaiah  Deckard  of  near  Carlock  killed  in  battle. 

Dec.    12 — Great  Lakes  glee  club  at  Rotary  club. 

Dec.  12 — Normal  churches  abandon  Christmas  programs  owing  to 
influenza. 

Dec.    12 — Township   chairmen  selected   for  Christmas   Red   Cross   roll   call. 

Dec.    13 — Health   board   discourages   all   unnecessary  public  meetings. 

Dec.    13 — President  Wilson  arrives  in  Brest,  France. 

Dec.  13 — Judge  Riley  says  county  must  buy  $300,000  more  of  thrift 
stamps  to  reach  quota. 

Dec.    13 — Wesleyan   S.  A.  T.  C.  boys  paid  off  and  equipment  loaded. 

Dec.    15 — Melviii   Savage   of  Downs,   soldier,   dies  week   after  his  brother 

Dec.    15 — Wesleyan  barracks  emptied;   U.  S.  inspector  awaited. 

Dec.    15 — French  and  Belgian  Bazaar  clears  $300. 

Dec.    14 — President  Wilson  reaches  Paris. 

Dec.    16 — Work  started  on  memorial  arches  at  court  house. 

Dec.    16 — Red  Cross   enrollment   drive   starts. 


42 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


Dee.  16 — First  patient  in  Normal  emergency  hospital. 

Dec.  17 — Y.  M.  C.  A.  privileges  free  to  returned  soldiers. 

Dec.  17 — Knights  of  Columbus  to  help  secure  jobs  for  returned  soldiers. 

Dec.  17 — Secretary  Luebbers  of  Y.  M.  C.  A.  gets  word  of  need  of  workers 
in  France. 

Dec.  18 — New  bread  rule  promulgated  by  local  food  administration. 

Dec.  18 — Alva  H.  Smith  dies  of  pneumonia  in  France. 

Dec.  18 — Frank  M.  Jordan  dies  of  wounds  in  France. 

Dec.  22 — Ulysses  Miller  reported  killed  in  France. 

Dec.  22 — Ten  patients  in  emergency  hospital  at  Normal. 

Dec.  23 — A.  E.  Kerber  reported  dead  in  France. 

Dec.  23 — Walter  Seeger  reported  dead  from  wounds  in  France. 

Dec.  23 — Ivan  Costigan  recovering  from   gas  attack. 

Dec.  24 — Bed  Cross  roll  call  extended  to  January  1. 

Dec.  24 — Four  minute  men  disband. 

Dec.  25 — Hundreds  of  soldiers  and  sailors  home  for  holidays. 

Dec.  25 — Barron  girls  entertain  French  friends  for  holidays. 

Dec.  27 — Food  price  fixing  body  to  continue  in  action. 

Dec.  29 — Capt.  Eugene  Hamill  arrives  in  New  York. 

Dec.  29 — Rev.  Jones  suggests  community  memorial  building  for  soldiers. 

Dec.  31 — Exemption  boards  get  final  instructions  for  sending  in   records. 

Dec.  31 — Harold  Livingston  in  France  hears  of  Newmarket  fire  on  Christ- 
mas day. 

Dec.  31 — Word  that  Thomas  McClure  is  wounded  in  action. 


THESE    AMONG    OTHERS,    BROUGHT    TRIUMPH 


Top  Row    (left  to  right) — Orville  Lucas,   Franklin  Lutz,    Lee  L.  Lishka. 

Second  Row — John  M.  Leary,   Richard  E.  Leary,  Joseph  Allen  Little. 

Third    Row — Earl    A.    Longworth,    Bryant    Luzader,    Leonard    F.    Lang,    Walter    W. 

Lighthart. 
Fourth   Row — Martin    Lindsay,    Earl    Littleton,    Edward    Lawyer,    James    R.    Lucas, 

Kenneth  Lee. 


IN  MEMORIAM 


The  Boast  of  Heraldry, 

The  Pomp  of  Power, 

And  all  that  Beauty  and  al! 

that  wealth  ere  gave, 
Await  alike  the  Inevitable 

Hour, 
The  Path  of   Glory  leads 

but  to  the  Grave. 


THE  HONORED  DEAD 

McLean  County  roll  of  the  honored  dead  is  sadly  long.  About  one 
hundred  and  sixty  made  the  supreme  sacrifice  for  their  country.  The 
publishers  made  every  effort  to  secure  a  biographical  sketch  and  picture 
of  each.  In  alphabetical  order,  the  roster  is  as  follows: 


CLYDE  LORRAINE  ALLISON 

Clyde  Lorraine  Allison  of  Lexington,  was  one 
of  the  boys  who  succumbed  to  influenza,  dying 
in  a  hospital  at  Camp  Mills  October  24,  1918. 
Lobar  pneumonia  followed  the  influenza.  His 
wife  was  with  him  twelve  days  before  his  death. 
The  31st  division,  with  which  he  was  connected, 
sailed  for  France  the  day  before  his  death. 
Clyde  Lorraine  Allison  went  out  of  McLean 
county  with  the  draft  contingent  of  June  24, 
1918.  At  Camp  Wheeler  he  wyas  assigned  to 
headquarters  company  of  the  124th  infantry. 
Only  a  week  before  going  to  Camp,  on  June  18, 
he  had  been  married  to  Miss  Ella  Jackson  of 
Havana.  Clyde  was  born  at  Orange,  Fayette  county,  Indiana,  and  had 
lived  there  until  he  came  to  Lexington  four  years  before  he  entered  the 
service.  At  Lexington  he  worked  on  various  farms.  His  parents  lived 
at  Falmouth,  Ind.,  where  the  body  was  taken  for  burial.  A  boy  baby 


44 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


was  born  to  Mrs.  Allison  on  March  26,  1919,  at  the  home  of  her  parents 
in  Havana,  where  she  had  gone  after  her  husband's  death.  She  after- 
ward returned  to  Chicago  to  resume  her  work  as  a  nurse.  In  a  letter 
to  the  young  wife  concerning  her  husband's  death,  Lieut.  Eoderick  wrote: 
"Private  Clyde  Allison  was  an  excellent  soldier,  who  was  universally 
liked  by  his  officers  and  fellow  soldiers,  and  his  untimely  death  is  a 
source  of  genuine  sorrow  to  all.  His  death  occurred  in  the  line  of  duty, 
and  is  no  less  honorable  than  had  it  occurred  on  the  field  of  battle." 

FREDERICK  ALLEN 

Frederick  Allen,  who  left  Bloomington  with  the  draft  contingent  of 
June  25,  191.8,  died  at  Camp  Mills  on  October  18  of  that  year.  Pneu- 
monia following  influenza  caused  his  death.  Allen  was  23  years  of  age, 
and  his  home  had  been  at  Mt.  Vernon,  111.  He  had  lived  in  Bloom- 
ington two  years  before  entering  the  army,  having  been  employed  as  a 
traveling  salesman  for  the  Singer  Sewing  Machine  Company.  His  body 
was  taken  to  La  Moille,  111.,  for  burial.  He  left  his  mother  and  two 
sisters  living  at  Mt.  Vernon. 

GEORGE  HERMAN  ANNA 

George  Herman  Anna,  whose  home  was  in  Kinmundy,  111.,  a  grad- 
uate of  the  Wesleyan  law  school  in  1914,  was  fatally  wounded  in  battle 
on  November  10,  1918.  A  letter  from  Major  Albert  H.  Gravenhorst 
of  the  139th  infantry  to  his  relatives  said:  "To  the  best  of  my  knowl- 
edge, he  was  injured  on  November  10,  in  the  battle  of  Marchville,  and 
was  taken  to  the  hospital  in  a  serious  condition.  I  have  been  able  to 
get  but  one  report  concerning  him  and  that  was  that  one  of  the  mem- 
bers of  his  company  had  seen  him  in  the  hospital.  He  fought  like  a 
demon  on  the  day  he  was  injured.  He  was  attacked  by  three  Germans, 
who  concentrated  their  fire  on  him.  He  got  two  of  them,  but  the  third 
one  got  him.  The  boys  all  say  his  fighting  was  wonderful." 


JESSE  S.  ANDERSON 

Jesse  Samuel  Anderson,  son  of  Commissioner 
and  Mrs.  John  F.  Anderson,  died  of  pneumonia 
in  a  hospital  at  Glasgow,  Scotland,  on  October 
2,  1918.  A  letter  from  the  American  Eed  Cross, 
written  from  Glasgow  and  dated  October  8th 
and  received  by  Mrs.  Anderson  on  November 
16  was  the  first  news  received  of  his  death. 
Other  letters  were  received  from  the  captain  of 
his  company  and  from  the  nurse  who  attended 
him  during  his  illness  and  death.  On  June  25, 
1918,  he  with  565  men  was  sent  to  Camp 
Wheeler  at  Macon,  Georgia.  After  his  arrival 
there  he  was  transferred  to  Company  C,  106th 
Engineers.  He  left  Camp  Wheeler  September 
6  for  Camp  Mills  and  sailed  September  16, 
landing  at  Glasgow,  September  29.  The  divi- 
sion to  which  he  was  attached  was  the  31st  or 
better  known  as  the  Dixie  Division.  Shortly 
after  arriving  at  Camp  Wheeler  he  was  taken 
sick  and  upon  discharge  from  the  hospital  he 
was  given  his  choice  of  going  to  the  development  battalion  or  with  his 
company.  He  chose  the  latter,  saying  that  he  wanted  to  do  his  duty. 
He  never  fully  recovered  from  his  sickness  before  going  over.  Jesse 
Anderson  was  one  of  the  best  liked  of  the  younger  men  of  the  city.  He 
was  born  in  Bloomington,  on  February  17,  1893,  and  had  always  lived 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 45 

in  the  city  of  his  birth.  Following  his  graduation  from  the  Franklin 
school  he  attended  Brown's  Business  College  and  later  became  an  em- 
ployee of  a  paving  contractor,  where  his  special  ability  to  handle  men 
won  him  recognition  and  he  was  placed  in  charge  of  the  work,  and  it 
was  while  employed  in  this  work  that  he  was  sent  to  Chanute  aviation 
field  at  Rantoul,  having  charge  of  the  road  building  of  the  field.  After 
completing  this  work  he  was  sent  to  the  Belleville  aviation  field  in  charge 
of  similar  work.  From  there  he  went  to  the  Chicago  &  Alton  railroad 
shops,  and  at  the  time  of  his  draft  was  employed  in  the  blacksmith  shop. 
While  employed  at  Belleville  he  was  married  to  Elizabeth  Grover,  who 
survives  him.  He  is  also  survived  by  his  parents  and  the  following 
brothers  and  sisters:  Naomi  A.,  Benjamin  R.,  Clarence  G.,  Mary  S., 
Arthur  J.,  Earl  Fryer,  and  Clara  Louise.  Benjamin  was  with  the  A.  E.  F. 
in  France,  and  Clarence  was  in  the  service  in  this  country.  Jesse  S. 
Anderson  was  a  member  of  the  Congregational  Church,  the  Modern 
Woodmen  Drill  Team,  and  the  Blacksmith  and  Helpers  Union.  Jesse 
will  be  remembered  for  his  honesty  of  character  and  was  loved  and 
respected  by  young  and  old  alike. 

HARRY  AND  GEORGE  ABRAMS 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  William  Abrams,  who  lived  for  many  years  at  Hudson, 
lost  two  of  their  sons  by  death  while  in  the  military  service  in  the 
great  war.  The  young  men  were  both  born  in  McLean  county,  although 
they  both  went  into  service  from  Montana,  where  the  family  was  living 
when  America  entered  the  war.  Harry  Abrams  was  killed  in  action  in 
France,  and  George  Abrams  died  from  influenza  while  in  the  training 
at  Camp  Lewis,  Washington.  Private  Harry  W.  Abrams  was  with  Com- 
pany D,  26th  infantry,  part  of  the  First  Division,  which  took  part  in 
much  of  the  heaviest  fighting  of  the  early  summer  of  1918.  He  left  his 
home  at  Carlyle,  Montana,  on  October  3,  1917,  for  Camp  Lewis,  Wash. 
From  there  he  went  to  Camp  Mills,  and  then  to  Camp  Merritt,  from 
which  place  he  sailed  for  overseas,  landing  in  England  on  Christmas  day 
of  1917.  The  family  were  never  informed  of  his  travels  with  his  regi- 
ment after  he  landed  in  France,  but  the  card  returned  to  them  after  his 
death  said  he  had  participated  in  eleven  battles.  He  was  wounded  in 
battle  August  2,  being  shot  through  the  stomach  with  a  machine  gun 
or  rifle  bullet.  He  was  in  a  hospital  until  September  23,  when  he  died. 
He  was  buried  in  France  near  the  hospiltal.  Harry  was  born  in  McLean 
county  September  6,  1894.  George  C.  Abrams,  a  younger  son,  left  his 
home  in  Montana  on  September  6,  1918,  and  went  to  Camp  Lewis,  where 
he  became  a  member  of  the  Fourth  company,  first  battalion,  166th  D.  B. 
On  October  20,  soon  after  he  had  received  the  "shot  in  the  arm."  he 
became  sick  and  was  partially  paralyzed.  This  condition  continued  and 
grew  worse  until  his  death  on  November  5.  His  body  was  shipped  to 
his  home  at  Carlyle  for  interment.  These  two  young  men  were  nephews 
of  Charles  Abrams  of  Bloomington,  for  many  years  assistant  chief  of 
the  Bloomington  fire  department. 

LYLE  BEST 

Lyle  Best,  a  senior  at  the  Wesleyan  university,  died  at  the  naval 
hospital  at  Great  Lakes  on  August  27,  1918,  after  a  short  illness  with 
diphtheria.  Lyle  Best  was  born  at  Fairbury  in  December,  1895.  The 
father  died  when  Lyle  was  a  small  child,  and  the  mother  and  two  sons, 
Lyle  and  William  removed  to  Bloomington  to  give  the  children  the  op- 
portunity of  attending  Wesleyan.  He  had  finished  his  junior  year  when 
he  entered  the  naval  service  for  the  war  and  was  sent  to  Great  Lakes. 
At  the  Wesleyan  he  was  one  of  the  best  known  and  most  popular  stu- 
dents. He  was  a  member  of  the  Sigma  Chi  fraternity.  In  athletics,  he 
was  one  of  the  star  players  of  the  football  team  of  the  fall  of  1917, 


46 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WO  ELD    WAS 

being  a  fine  tackle.  He  was  selected  for  a  tackle  position  on  the  all- 
star  team  of  the  Little  Nineteen  conference.  Young  Best  had  become 
affianced  to  Miss  Lucile  Byrnes,  daughter  of  C.  A.  Byrnes  of  Bloom- 
ington,  and  she  was  near  him  at  the  hospital  when  he  died.  The  body 
was  taken  to  Fairbury,  where,  owing  to  the  nature  of  the  disease,  a 
private  funeral  was  held,  conducted  by  President  Kemp  of  the  Wesleyan. 

COUP.  ERNEST  BENEDICT 

' '  Mortally  wounded  at  Chateau  Thierry. ' ' 
That  is  the  claim  to  immortal  fame  which  was 
due  Corp.  Ernest  Benedict  of  Company  L,  23rd 
U.  S.  infantry,  who  died  later  of  the  wounds 
received  at  the  most  noted  battle  in  which 
American  forces  engaged  early  in  the  summer 
of  1918.  The  wounds  received  in  that  action 
caused  the  death  of  Corporal  Benedict,  whose 
name  was  published  in  the  casualty  lists  of 
July  17,  1918.  His  death  occurred  July  7.  He 
was  the  second  lad  from  the  village  of  McLean 
to  die  in  the  war,  the  first  having  been  Harry 
Myers.  Corp.  Benedict  was  one  of  the  three 
sons  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  George  Benedict  of  Mc- 
Lean. He  had  lived  in  and  near  McLean  for 
nine  years.  He  enlisted  on  May  9,  1917,  and 
went  to  France  in  the  following  September. 
He  was  a  native  of  Lincoln  county,  Kentucky. 

Because  of  his  good  record  as  a  soldier  he  was  appointed  to  the  position 
of  corporal  of  his  company.  The  last  letters  received  by  relatives  from 
him  stated  that  he  was  in  the  front  line  trenches,  and  was  in  good 
health.  The  body  of  young  Benedict  was  buried  in  France  near  the 
hospital  where  he  died  from  his  wounds.  Prior  to  his  enlistment  he 
had  worked  on  farms  near  McLean.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Christian 
church  at  McLean  and  of  the  Modern  Woodmen.  His  parents,  two 
brothers  and  three  sisters  survived.  Memorial  services  were  held  at 
the  McLean  Christian  church  in  honor  of  the  soldier.  McLean  post  of 
the  American  Legion  bears  Benedict's  name. 

ORVILLE   BECHTEL 

Orville  Bechtel,  a  young  farm  hand  of  this  county,  was  sent  in  a 
draft  contingent  to  Camp  Grant  in  June,  1918,  and  afterward  was  trans- 
ferred to  Augusta,  Ga.,  where  he  died  in  a  hospital  in  October,  1918. 
His  father  lived  at  Pershing,  Ind. 

SERGT.  ELDIE  BAILEY 

Sergt.  Eldib,  brother  of  W.  A.  Bailey  of  Heyworth,  was  killed  in 
action  on  October  9,  1918,  while  serving  with  Company  I,  126th  infantry. 
A  comrade  of  the  regiment  wrote  to  the  father  from  Weis,  Germany, 
many  weeks  after  Eldie 's  death,  describing  the  scene  as  he  had  secured 
it  from  a  surviving  soldier  of  the  same  company.  After  telling  of  the 
advance  of  Companies  I,  L  and  M,  with  Co.  I  in  the  center,  the  writer 
then  said:  "The  fourth  platoon,  the  one  to  which  Eldie  belonged,  was 
farthest  in  advance.  After  a  time  the  rest  of  the  company  fell  back, 
leaving  this  platoon,  who  were  unable  to  move  because  of  the  intense 
fire  of  the  enemy.  Eight  men,  including  Eldie  and  the  fellow  who  tells 
the  story,  were  in  a  shell  hole.  The  Germans  fairly  skinned  the  ground 
with  machine  gun  bullets  and  kept  advancing  all  the  time  on  the  little 
group.  Some  of  them,  fearing  they  would  be  taken  prisoners  by  the 
Germans,  desired  to  try  to  escape,  in  spite  of  the  danger  of  being  killed. 
Eldie  said  he  would  rather  be  killed  than  taken  prisoner.  Sergeant  Oscar 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


47 


Runquest  was  the  first  to  get  shot.  He  darted  out  of  the  hole  and  had 
not  gone  far  before  a  bullet  got  him  in  the  stomach.  A  sergeant  from 
Muskegon  was  the  next.  Then  came  Eldie's  turn.  He  started  for  an- 
other shell  hole  and  fell  on  the  edge  of  it,  never  moving  after  he  hit  the 
ground.  After  all  were  killed  but  two,  the  one  who  told  the  story  being 
one  of  the  lucky  two,  a  tank  advanced  toward  the  enemy,  and  that  was 
all  that  kept  them  from  being  taken  prisoners.  Sergeant  Bailey  was  born 
at  Pittsburg,  Kansas,  on  October  24,  1892.  He  moved  to  Hudson,  Illinois, 
with  his  parents  in  1899,  where  he  lived  until  1910.  He  then  moved  to 
Big  Rapids,  Mich.  He  enlisted  in  the  National  Guards  in  1912,  belonging 
to  Co.  I,  127th  Inf.,  stationed  at  Big  Eapids,  Mich.  He  was  sent  to  the. 
border  during  the  trouble  with  Mexico  and  served  under  General 
Pershing.  He  returned  to  his  home  in  February,  1917,  and  was  again 
taken  to  Waco,  Texas,  in  June,  1917.  In  February,  1918,  he  was  sent 
to  Camp  Merritt,  N.  J.,  thence  overseas. 

HOWARD  A.  BOLIN 

Howard  A.  Bolin  was  one  of  the 
Bloomington  boys  who  met  his  death  in 
action  with  his  face  against  the  foe. 
He  was  wounded  on  July  20,  1918,  and 
word  of  his  death  from  the  wounds 
came  to  his  parents,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  F. 
Bolin,  on  August  5.  The  fatal  wound 
which  caused  his  death  was  suffered  by 
him  only  one  day  before  his  birthday, 
for  he  reached  his  23rd  birthday  on 
July  21.  He  was  fighting  with  Com- 
pany E,  39th  infantry.  The  very  day 
after  news  of  his  death  was  received 
in  a  dispatch  from  the  war  department 
his  parents  received  a  letter  written  by 
Howard  on  July  5.  He  told  how  the 
soldiers  celebrated  the  4th  of  July, 
which  he  had  spent  in  Paris.  He  stated 
also  that  he  had  sent  in  his  name  as 
candidate  for  officers'  training  camp. 
In  another  letter  received  by  a  friend 
a  few  days  later,  the  date  showed  it 
was  written  July  13,  some  six  days  before  his  fatal  wound.  He  said  he 
had  been  up  in  the  front  line  trenches,  where  there  was  plenty  of  excite- 
ment. In  the  camps  at  the  rear  there  was  continual  training.  Howard 
Bolin  enlisted  in  the  army  when  very  young,  and  served  sixteen  months, 
part  of  the  time  in  the  Philippines,  after  which  he  was  discharged  to 
enter  the  Wesleyan.  When  in  the  sophomore  class,  he  quit  school  and 
again  enlisted.  He  was  first  sent  to  Camp  at  Charlotte,  N.  C.,  and  nine 
weeks  before  his  death  he  embarked  for  France.  His  letters  told  of  his 
work  as  a  barber  in  the  army,  in  addition  to  all  the  usual  routine  of 
drilling.  He  resigned  as  corporal  so  that  he  could  do  more  work  of  that 
kind.  Besides  his  parents,  Howard  left  two  brothers,  Emery  of  Madison 
and  Russell  of  Milwaukee.  The  manner  of  Howard 's  death  was  described 
in  a  letter  received  by  relatives  in  November,  1918,  from  Sergt.  Leslie 
Garrett  of  the  same  company,  who  wrote:  "Qn  the  night  of  July  17, 
we  went  into  action  for  the  first  time  after  arriving  in  France,  after 
training  for  six  weeks  at  Acy.  I  was  commanding  the  first  platoon  of 
Co.  E,  39th  Infantry,  and  I  took  over  600  yards  of  the  front  with  my 
platoon.  From  11  o'clock  the  Germans  fired  on  us  all  night,  and  at  fiv« 
minutes  of  4  I  went  around  to  see  if  everything  was  all  right.  The 
Germans  opened  a  heavy  artillery  barrage  on  us  and  had  us  cut  off  from 
cover  for  four  hours.  I  kept  the  boys  down  as  much  as  possible,  but  I 


48  McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WO  ELD    WAE 

lost  eight  that  morning.  About  6:30  some  one  called  me  and  said  that 
Bolin  was  hit,  so  I  went  to  him  at  once,  and  he  looked  up  and  said: 
"Sergeant,  they  have  got  me"  and  asked  me  how  bad  he  was  hurt. 
I  took  off  his  shirt  and  dressed  his  wound  and  did  not  think  it  severe, 
and  told  him  he  would  soon  be  all  right.  He  said.  ' '  Sergt.  Garrett,  make 
me  a  cigarette  and  I  did,  and  about  that  time  the  hospital  corps  came 
and  carried  him  away.  He  was  hit  in  the  small  of  the  back  by  a  shell 
which  burst  in  the  air,  a  round  steel  ball  as  big  as  the  thumb  of  a  man 's 
hand." 

DEWEY  BUEGER 

It  is  very  few  communities  which  have 
four  brothers  in  the  army,  and  fewer  yet 
where  all  four  entered  the  service  at  the 
same  time.  Then  when  one  of  the  four 
brothers  seals  his  devotion  with  his  life 
blood,  then  the  story  of  their  service  is 
dramatic  in  its  completeness.  Dewey 
Burger,  one  of  the  four  sous  of  Isaac 
Burger  of  McLean,  who  enlisted  on  the 
same  day  in  May,  1917,  met  his  death  in 
battle  in  France  on  July  19,  1918.  Official 
notification  to  the  parents  of  Dewey 's 
death  came  from  the  war  department  on 
August  10.  His  name  appeared  in  the 
officially  published  casualty  lists  on  the 
following  day.  Dewey  was  a  soldier  of 
Company  E,  16th  infantry,  part  of  the 
First  division.  Dewey  was  the  youngest 
son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Burger.  Together 
with  his  brothers,  Claude,  Lloyd  and  Ollie, 
on  May  7,  1917,  he  enlisted  for  the  army 

at  the  recruiting  office  in  Bloomington.  He  was  sent  to  Jefferson  barracks 
on  May  9,  and  from  there  to  El  Paso,  Texas.  After  three  weeks  at  the 
camp  there,  he  was  sent  to  New  York,  thence  embarking  for  France 
and  landing  there  June  28,  1917,  being  among  the  first  of  the  American 
forces  to  land  in  France.  His  parents  heard  from  him  often,  and  the 
last  letter  they  received  before  his  death  was  on  August  8,  having  been 
written  on  July  9,  ten  days  before  his  death.  The  body  was  laid  to 
rest  in  France  near  where  he  fell  in  action.  Memorial  services  for  him 
were  held  at  the  Christian  church  in  McLean,  of  which  he  was  a  member. 
Besides  his  parents,  he  left  the  following  brothers  and  sisters:  Claude, 
Lloyd  and  Ollie,  all  of  whom  went  to  France  in  the  army;  Arch  Burger 
of  Iowa;  Mrs.  Lizzie  McNally  of  Wapella;  Thomas,  Isaac,  Richard  and 
Ella  Burger  and  Mrs.  Hattie  Craig,  all  of  McLean.  The  American  Legion 
Post  at  McLean  bears  his  name. 

LIEUT.  HUGH  BROOMFIELD 

Lieut.  Hugh  Broomfield,  son  of  Rev.  Thomas  Broomfield,  a  former 
pastor  of  the  Hudson  Baptist  church,  met  a  heroic  death  while  piloting 
an  aeroplane  near  Verdun  late  in  October,  1918.  The  young  man  en- 
listed as  an  aviator  at  his  home  in  Portland,  Ore.,  at  the  age  of  20 
years.  Lieut.  Broomfield  was  ordered  to  fly  over  the  German  lines  on 
an  important  day  of  the  Verdun  offensive  to  observe  the  enemy's  power 
of  launching  a  counter  attack.  He  left  the  airdrome  at  10  o  'clock  in 
the  morning,  and  failed  to  return.  A  report  reached  the  American  com- 
mander of  the  sector  that  an  allied  plane  was  seen  to  fall  at  a  certain 
point  at  11:30.  A  few  days  later  the  American  lines  advanced  so  as 
to  include  the  territory  over  which  the  plane  had  flown,  and  inquiry 
was  instituted  for  the  missing  airman.  The  next  day  the  wrecked  plane 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOBLD    WAR 


49 


was  found,  and  graves  showing  where  Lieut.  Broomfield  and  his  ob- 
server, Lieut.  Pierson,  had  been  buried.  A  funeral  service  was  held 
over  the  grave  by  a  Catholic  priest. 

MELVIN   BOSSINGHAM 

Melvin   Bossingham    of   Stanford   died 

at  Camp  Mills,  Long  Island,  on  October  naaMMMi^MMWM^^^^Mi 
19,  1918.  He  had  been  sick  for  a  week 
with  influenza  and  his  parents  were  sum- 
moned to  his  bedside  a  few  days  before 
liis  death.  Young  Bossingham  was  the 
son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Bossingham  of  Stan- 
ford. He  was  born  in  December,  1895, 
and  grew  up  in  his  native  neighborhood. 
He  attended  the  Stanford  schools  and 
the  high  school.  He  was  engaged  with 
his  father  in  farming  at  the  time  he  was 
called  into  the  service,  going  out  with  the 
500  McLean  county  boys  who  left  here 
on  June  25,  1918.  He  went  to  Camp 
Wheeler  for  his  preliminary  training,  and 
then  to  Camp  Mills  for  preparation  for 
embarking  overseas.  He  was  a  member 
of  Company  D  of  the  124th  Infantry.  He 
was  about  ready  for  starting  on  the  voy- 
age when  he  was  stricken  down  with 
influenza,  which  proved  fatal.  The  body 
was  brought  to  Stanford  and  the  funeral 
was  held  from  the  home  of  the  family, 
in  charge  of  Rev.  Mr.  Browning  on  October  23.  There  was  a  large 
attendance,  and  the  Knights  of  Pythias  had  their  ritual  in  connection 
with  the  service.  A  group  of  girls  of  the  town  acted  as  flower  girls, 
the  burial  took  place  in  the  Stanford  cemetery. 


THOMAS  BACKHOUSE 

Thomas  Backhouse,  a  young  man 
employed  at  the  Alton  shops,  and 
who  made  his  home  in  Bloomington 
with  the  family  of  Walter  Williams, 
of  404  North  Stillwell  street,  was  re- 
ported missing  in  action  on  October 
19,  1918,  and  no  further  word  having 
been  received  by  friends,  the  con- 
clusion was  drawn  that  he  met 
death.  He  went  out  of  Bloomington 
in  the  draft  contingent  of  September 
17,  1917,  to  Camp  Dodge,  Iowa.  He 
reached  France  on  April  3,  1918. 


50 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 


WILLIAM  FRANK  BARNES 

William  Frank  Barnes,  youngest  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  H.  L.  Barnes 
of  Cropsey,  died  on  December  9,  1918,  at  St.  Elizabeth  hospital  in  Lafay- 
ette, Ind.,  while  in  the  military  service.  He  enlisted  May  25,  was  sent 
to  Valparaiso,  Ind.,  for  training  in  the  mechanical  school  of  the  tank 
corps;  thence  to  Gettysburg  and  then  to  Camp  Polk.  While  at  Val- 
paraiso he  was  married  on  June  12,  1918,  to  Miss  Bernadine  Jones  of 
Cooksville,  who  died  of  typhoid  fever  at  Lafayette.  Summoned  to  her 
bedside  from  Camp  Polk,  young  Barnes  was  himself  stricken  and  died 
eight  weeks  later  on  the  date  mentioned.  The  body  was  brought  to 
Cropsey  for  burial,  and  the  funeral  was  one  of  the  largest  held  there 
during  the  year. 

EARL  BROWN 

Earl  Brown  of  Lexington,  soldier  of 
the  106th  Engineers,  died  with  pneu- 
monia on  October  11,  1918,  in  a  military 
hospital  at  Havre,  France.  He  embarked 
with  the  contingent  which  left  Camp 
Wheeler  in  October,  1918.  Upon  reach- 
ing the  rest  camp  in  Havre  after  land- 
ing, he  still  complained  of  not  feeling 
right,  and  was  advised  by  his  comrades 
to  see  the  doctor.  This  he  apparently 
did  not  care  to  do,  and  that  night  the 
boy  who  was  in  the  tent  with  him  slept 
in  another  tent,  as  he  feared. Earl  might 
have  some  contagious  disease.  The  next 
morning  he  returned  to  the  tent  to  get 
his  mess  kit,  and  finding  Earl  very  ill 
indeed,  reported  the  matter  at  the  in- 
firmary and  had  him  removed  to  the  hos- 
pital, where  he  only  lived  a  few  hours. 
The  body  of  Earl  Brown  was  buried  in 
the  cemetery  attached  to  the  British  htfs- 
pital  at  Havre,  and  his  grave  marked 
with  a  white  cross  containing  the  name, 
time  and  cause  of  death,  and  the  unit 
to  which  he  was  attached.  Full  military 
honors  were  accorded  him  at  the  burial 

service.  Earl  Brown  was  born  at  Lexington  January  22,  1892.  His 
father  moved  to  Oklahoma  twelve  years  before  the  war.  Earl  went  out 
of  McLean  county  with  the  draft  contingent  on  June  25,  1918.  His 
surviving  relatives  included  Mrs.  Harlan  Meeley  of  Lexington,  a  sister. 


JOHN   BETTON 

John  Betton  of  Gridley,  who  enlisted  left  here  with  a  draft  con- 
tingent June  25,  1918,  died  at  Camp  Mills  from  influenza.  He  was  buried 
in  Indiana. 

G.  DOOLEY  BLUE 

The  casualty  lists  of  May  1,  1918,  contained  the  name  of  G.  Dooley 
Blue,  who  was  killed  in  action  while  with  a  Canad'^i  regiment.  He 
was  born  in  Bloomington,  and  was  20  years  old.  He  enlisted  in  an 
artillery  regiment  in  Ottawa,  Canada,  in  1916.  His  father  was  Harry 
Blue,  residing  in  the  west.  His  grandfather  was  William  Blue,  living 
in  Bloomington,  and  Mrs.  Fern  K.  Hudson  of  Bloomington  was  a  cousin. 
He  was  a  descendant  of  Samuel  Dooley,  a  McLean  county  pioneer.  The 
young  man  spent  much  of  his  life  in  Baton  Rouge,  La. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


51 


LIEUT.  RICHARD   BOYDSTON 

Lieut.  Richard  Boydston,  son  of  Mrs.  Caroline  Boydston  of  Bloom- 
ington,  died  at  sea  while  voyaging  to  France  with  his  regiment,  the  13th 
regiment,  U.  S.  Marine  corps,  on  September  22,  1918.  Describing  his 
death,  Chaplain  Miller  of  the  regiment 
in  a  letter  to  the  mother  said  that 
Lieut.  Boydston  was  taken  sick  on 
the  second  day  out  of  port,  and  the 
crisis  came  on  the  20th,  and  he  died 
two  days  later,  just  before  the  ship 
came  to  Brest,  France.  The  regiment 
lost  by  sickness  on  the  voyage,  one 
major,  five  lieutenants,  and  eighteen 
enlisted  men,  all  victims  of  Spanish 
influenza.  Lieut.  Boydston  was  30 
years  old  and  had  worked  as  a  tele- 
graph operator  for  the  Alton  road  in 
Bloomington  before  the  war.  After 
enlistment  he  joined  the  Marines  and 
received  his  training  at  Paris  Island 
and  Quantico,  Va.,  getting  his  commis- 
sion at  the  latter  place.  He  left  his 
mother  and  three  sisters,  Mrs.  Mae 
Dent,  Mrs.  W.  A.  Miner  of  Blooming- 
ton  and  Mrs.  L.  L.  Miller  of  Elgin. 
The  mother  afterward  received  a  let- 
ter from  Gov.  Lowden  condoling  with 
her  on  the  loss  of  her  son. 


ROY   E.    CROTINGER 

Roy  E.  Crotinger,  son  of  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Frank  Crotinger,  formerly  of  Say- 
brook,  died  on  November  6,  1918,  of 
wounds  received  in  action  on  Novem- 
ber 3.  He  was  serving  as  a  mounted 
orderly  with  the  360th  infantry  of  the 
90th  division.  He  went  into  the  army 
with  a  draft  contingent  of  April  29, 
1918,  from  Oskaloosa,  Iowa,  where  his 
family  was  living  after  they  removed 
from  Saybrook  in  December  preceding. 
The  action  in  which  he  met  death  was 
the  big  drive  of  the  American  forces 
in  the  Argonne  Woods  beginning  on 
September  12.  Roy  Crotinger  was  22 
years  of  age,  and  had  spent  all  his  life 
in  Saybrook  until  his  parents  removed 
to  Iowa.  Chaplain  Eugene  McLawin 
of  the  360th  infantry  wrote  a  letter  to 
relatives  telling  them  the  manner  of 
Roy's  death.  He  had  been  placed  on 
guard  at  an  advance  position  known  as 
St.  Marie  farm,  to  prevent  the  enemy 
from  approaching  the  post  command. 
His  post  was  a  dangerous  one,  being 

in  range  of  the  enemy  heavy  artillery.     At   11   a.  m.   a  high  explosive 
shell  exploded  within   150  yards  from  Crotinger,  and  fragments  struck 


52 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


him  in  the  abdomen.  He  was  taken  to  a  hospital  and  died  three  days 
later.  The  chaplain's  letter  said:.  "He  is  remembered  as  a  fine  Chris- 
tian boy  and  a  good  soldier  in  the  cause  for  which  he  gave  his  life. 
Everyone  who  knew  him  respected  him." 

CHARLES  A.   CLARKE 

Charles  A.  Clarke  died  with  influenza  at  the  Great  Lakes  training 
station  in  October,  1918.  He  was  a  nephew  of  James  Clarke  of  813 
East  Wood  street,  Bloomington.  He  was  26  years  of  age,  and  made 
his  early  home  at  Fikestone,  Mo.,  where  he  left  a  wife  and  one  child, 
besides  his  father.  His  uncle  and  one  cousin,  Thomas  Clarke,  resided 
in  Bloomington.  When  Charles  Clarke  lived  in  Bloomington  he  was 
employed  by  the  Union  Gas  Company  and  the  B.  &  N.  Street  Railway 
Company.  Prior  to  his  service  in  the  naval  training  station  he  had  had 
experience  in  the  regular  army. 


EUGENE  CONLEY 

Eugene  Conley,  son  of  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Bart  E.  Conley  of  303  West 
Chestnut  street  in  Bloomington,  was 
slain  in  battle  on  October  4,  1918. 
His  death  caused  the  placing  of  the 
first  gold  star  in  the  service  flag  of 
Holy  Trinity  church.  The  fatal  shot 
from  a  German  gun  which  caused 
young  Conley 's  death  occurred  while 
the  company  of  which  he  was  a  mem- 
ber was  in  an  advanced  position  in 
the  Argonne  drive.  Young  Conley 
was  a  member  of  Company  D  of  the 
360th  infantry,  part  of  the  Prairie 
division.  He  was  working  at  Man- 
den,  North  Dakota,  when  the  war 
came  on,  and  he  went  out  of  there 
in  a  draft  contingent  of  April,  1918. 
He  went  first  to  Camp  Dodge,  then 
to  Camp  Travis  in  Texas,  and  was 
sent  overseas  in  the  Prairie  division, 
landing  in  France  July  1.  Letters 
received  by  his  relatives  told  of  two 
battles  in  which  he  had  taken  part 
in  the  early  fall.  Eugene  was  born 
March  26,  1895,  in  Bloomington.  He 
left  his  parents,  and  two  brothers  in 
the  service,  Edgar  in  the  navy,  and 
George  in  the  army.  A  letter  to  the 
parents  of  Eugene,  received  by  them 
in  January,  1919,  from  the  captain 

of  the  company  said  in  part:  "When  we  went  to  the  front  in  the 
latter  part  of  August,  I  chose  your  son  as  a  runner.  A  runner's  duty 
is  to  carry  messages,  particularly  in  time  of  action.  The  best  men  in 
my  company  were  made  runners,  because  so  much  depends  on  their 
bravery  and  intelligence.  I  had  ten,  ,and  they  were  a  great  bunch  of 
boys.  They  had  lots  of  fun,  even  when  we  were  in  the  front  line  trenches. 
Eugene  was  a  leader,  and  whenever  opportunity  offered  he  had  a  good 
song  going.  When  he  fell,  the  runners  never  had  any  more  singing.  We 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


53 


were  in  support  and  near  the  town  of  Norroy  and  Pont-a-Mousson  on 
October  4.  The  Germans  were  shelling  our  position  with  an  incessant 
rain  of  heavy  shells.  That  evening  about  4  o  'clock  one  of  these  shells 
hit  the  trench  where  Eugene  and  two  other  runners  were.  I  was  near 
by  and  had  just  heard  them  laughing  and  talking.  They  never  knew 
what  happened.  They  were  buried  with  simple  religious  ceremonies 
by  the  chaplain.  I  will  always  remember  Eugene  when  I  think  of  'over 
there.'  "  Bloomington  Post  of  World  War  Veterans  bears  his  name. 


WILLIAM  H.   CAMPBELL 

On  November  18,  1918,  word  came 
to  Mrs.  John  Campbell  of  Bloomington 
that  her  son,  William  H.  Campbell,  had 
been  killed  in  action  on  October  9. 
Private  Campbell  had  been  in  France 
from  the  spring  of  1918  until  the  day 
he  fell  in  action,  as  a  member  of  the 
129th  infantry.  The  relatives  received 
only  one  letter  from  him  in  this  time. 
William  H.  Campbell  was  born  in 
Bloomington  and  has  resided  hero  his 
entire  life.  He  attended  the  public 
schools  of  the  city  and  for  some  time 
prior  to  his  enlistment  was  employed 
by  the  West  Side  Coal  &  Lumber  Co. 
He  enlisted  in  the  army  June  20,  1917, 
at  Quincy  and  was  a  member  of  the 
129th  infantry  when  he  fell  in  action. 
Following  his  enlistment  young  Camp- 
bell was  sent  to  Camp  Logan,  Tex.,  to- 
gether with  two  brothers,  Howard  H., 
and  Harry  E.  Campbell.  The  three 
brothers  were  separated  and  placed  in 
different  organizations  last  spring,  Wil- 
liam and  Howard  were  sent  to  France. 
Howard  was  afterward  wounded,  and  was  for  a  time  in  a  hospital  in 
France. 

HENRY  CAMPBELL 

The  fourth  young  man  from  the  village  of 
McLean  who  gave  up  his  life  for  the  flag  on 
the  battle  fields  of  France  was  Henry  Camp- 
bell, who  was  officially  reported  killed  in 
action  on  Aug.  6,  1918.  Although  he  had  lived 
in  and  about  McLean  for  seven  years,  young 
Campbell  entered  the  army  from  Osage,  Iowa, 
with  the  first  draft  contingent.  He  went  to 
Camp  Dodge,  then  to  Camp  Pike.  In  the 
spring  of  1918  he  was  taken  sick,  submitted 
to  an  operation,  and  then  returned  to  camp. 
His  last  visit  to  his  relatives  at  McLean  was 
in  March,  1918.  He  sailed  for  France  in  July, 
landing  in  England  on  the  15th,  and  accord- 
ing to  a  letter  received  by  his  sister,  he  had 
been  in  France  only  seventeen  days  when  he  met  his  death.  Harry 
Campbell  Avas  born  at  Laurello,  Ky.,  in  July,  1893.  He  came  to  McLean 
when  a  young  lad.  He  was  survived  by  his  aged  father  and  the  follow- 
ing sisters  and  brothers:  Mrs.  Delia  Taylor,  of  McLean;  Mrs.  Lizzie 


54 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

Godsey,  of  Atlanta;  James  and  Walker  Campbell,  of  Osage,  Iowa; 
Thomas  and  Burton,  of  Downs,  and  Charles,  of  Armington.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  McLean  Christian  church,  and  memorial  service  was 
held  there  for  him  on  Sept.  22,  1918. 

BOY  F.  CRUTCHLEY 


Koy  F.  Crutchley,  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Bert  Crutchley  of  McLean,  was  killed  in 
battle  during  the  struggle  of  the  first  all- 
American  attack  on  the  German  army  in 
the  St.  Mihiel  salient,  on  September  13, 
1918.  He  was  a  member  of  Company  K, 
359th  infantry.  Young  Crutchley  was 
among  the  earlier  of  the  soldiers  who  went 
out  of  McLean  county  to  the  war.  He  vol- 
unteered on  November  22,  1917,  at  the  re- 
cruiting station  in  Bloomington.  On  the 
26th  he  was  ordered  to  report,  and  was 
sent  to  Jefferson  barracks.  From  there 
he  was  in  different  training  camps  until 
he  went  to  France  with  his  regiment  the 
following  June.  Koy  Crutchley  was  born 
in  McLean  on  August  2!>.  1S<>5.  He  was 
married  to  Miss  Hazel  Eunice.  His  wife, 
his  parents  and  one  brother,  Lester,  and  a 
sister,  Nellie,  survived  him.  The  body 
was  buried  on  the  battle  field  in  France,  near  where  he  fell. 

GEORGE  OARLOCK 

George  Carlock  died  on  October  22  in  a  Paris  hospital  from  an  at- 
tack of  influenza.  He  was  the  son  of  Alvin  and  Daisy  Hubbard  Car- 
lock,  and  was  a  nephew  of  Mrs.  D.  E.  Denman  of  Normal,  who  received 
the  news  of  his  death  here.  George  Carlock  was  born  in  1884.  When 
a  young  man  he  went  to  Paris  to  study  art,  and  spent  fifteen  years 
there.  When  the  war  broke  out  he  returned  to  this  country,  but  after 
a  year  he  again  went  over  to  Paris  to  act  as  interpreter  for  the  Bed 
Cross  there.  He  was  buried  by  the  Red  Cross  at  Nezilly.  Young  Carlock 
was  a  nephew  of  the  famous  Elbert  Hubbard,  who  lost  his  life  when 
the  Lusitania  went  down. 

MILO   R.   CHANEY 

Death  from  wounds  received  in  battle  on  July  23,  1918,  came  to 
Milo  R.  Chancy,  who  up  to  the  age  of  12  years  was  a  resident  of  McLean 
county.  Word  of  his  death  came  to  his  uncle,  Paul  Chaney,  at  Carlock, 
on  August  13.  The  young  man  was  the  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  O.  R. 
Chaney,  who  moved  to  Frankfort,  Ind.,  some  years  before  the  war.  An 
unusual  circumstance  connected  with  the  case  was  that  the  uncle,  Paul 
Chaney  of  Carlock  had  just  received  a  letter  from  Milo  dated  July  8, 
in  which  he  described  in  vivid  terms  a  trip  to  the  front  which  he  had 
just  made,  in  which  all  the  horrors  of  the  battle  zone  were  pictured. 
It  was  among  such  scenes  as  those  which  he  described  that  he  came  to 
his  own  death.  The  young  man  was  22  years  of  age.  He  had  enlisted 
in  May,  1917,  and  had  been  over  in  France  since  June  of  that  year.  His 
body  was  buried  near  the  place  where  he  fell. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 55 

THOMAS   COONEY 

Thomas  Cooney,  former  fireman  on  the  Alton  road,  died  of  pneu- 
monia in  France  in  November,  1918.  Before  entering  the  service  Cooney 
was  a  fireman  on  the  Chicago  &  Alton  railroad  and  made  his  home  with 
his  aunt,  Mrs.  Eingeisen  of  701  West  Walnut  street.  He  was  born  in 
Jacksonville  in  1895  and  was  a  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Thomas  Cooney  of 
that  city.  He  came  to  Bloomington  about  1915.  He  entered  the  service 
May  24  from  Jacksonville  and  was  sent  to  Camp  Shelby,  Miss.  He  wai 
assigned  to  the  139th  Machine  Gun  Company  and  arrived  in  France  with 
that  organization  in  September,  1918. 

JAMES  CAEROLL 

The  first  young  man  from  Arrowsmith  to  yield  up  his  life  in  the  wai 
was  James  Carroll,  aged  26,  who  died  at  Camp  Grant  on  September  27, 
1918,  from  an  attack  of  pneumonia.  He  had  enlisted  in  the  spring  and 
was  sent  to  Camp  Grant  for  training.  Accompanied  by  Corporal  Downs, 
a  comrade  from  the  camp,  the  body  was  taken  to  Arrowsmith,  where 
funeral  services  were  held  on  September  30  at  the  family  home.  Eev. 
Carlberg  of  the  Methodist  church  had  charge.  The  next  day  the  body 
was  taken  to  St.  Paul,  Ind.,  for  burial,  accompanied  by  the  parents, 
James  Carroll,  Sr.,  and  wife,  and  one  sister.  The  Woodmen  and  Odd 
Fellows  had  a  part  in  the  service  at  Arrowsmith.  The  surviving  rela- 
tives were  the  parents,  a  sister,  Mrs.  Jack  Baird,  and  two  brothers, 
Harry  and  Norman. 

HUMPHREY  DANIEL 


The  first  soldier  from  Saybrook  or  that  immediate  vicinity  who 
gave  up  his  life  in  the  war  was  David  Humphrey  Daniel,  son  of  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Charles  A.  Daniel,  who  died  on  board  ship,  the  Harrisburg, 
on  October  21,  1918.  He  had  sailed  from  Camp  Mills  on  October  8 
en  route  to  France  with  his  outfit,  Company  B,  123rd  Infantry,  part  of 
the  31st  division.  He  fell  a  victim  of  influenza,  followed  by  pneumonia. 
The  first  intimation  that  the  parents  received  of  his  fatal  illness  was 
on  November  16,  when  they  were  notified  by  wire  that  the  body  of 
their  son  had  been  returned  to  Hoboken  and  asking  for  instructions. 
The  body  was  shipped  back  to  Saybrook,  where  on  Nov.  21  the  funeral 
was  held  with  full  military  honors.  The  Saybrook  Home  Guards  fur- 
nished an  escort  and  firing  squad  for  the  last  salute  over  the  grave. 
Humphrey  Daniel  was  born  at  Eandolph  Grove  on  Jan.  3,  1890.  When 
he  was  only  2  years  old  the  family  moved  to  Saybrook.  He  went  out 
on  June  25,  1918,  with  the  largest  draft  contingent  of  the  whole  war. 
He  and  his  brother  Charles  Everett  Daniel,  went  out  at  the  same  time 
and  belonged  to  the  same  division,  the  latter  being  assigned  to  Company 


56  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

C,  122nd  infantry.  From  Camp  Mills,  Everett  was  assigned  to  base 
hospital  at  Mineola,  with  Casual  Company  B.  Humphrey  Daniel  was 
a  member  of  the  Christian  church  at  Saybrook,  and  his  funeral  services 
were  held  there.  Saybrook  post  of  the  American  Legion  was  named  for 
Humphrey  Daniel.  He  is  shown  in  above  picture  on  the  left,  his  brother 
Everett  on  the  right. 

LIEUT.  LOUIS  EDDY  DAVIS 

Lieut.  Louis  Eddy  Davis,  officer  of  the  avia- 
tion corps,  met  his  death  by  the  accidental 
fall  of  his  aeroplane  near  Ellington  flying 
field,  in  Texas,  on  May  10,  1918.  He  had  won 
his  commission  as  E.  A.  M.  (Reserve  Military 
Aviator)  and  was  just  completing  his  work 
in  practice  flights  for  bombing  when  the 
accident  occurred  which  cost  him  his  life. 
Lieut.  Davis  started  out  for  a  practice 
flight  on  the  afternoon  of  the  above  date,  tak- 
ing with  him  Cadet  A.  E.  Lawrence,  a  Boston 
man  who  had  been  his  flying  mate  for  six 
weeks.  He  was  engaged  in  practice  called 
bomb  raiding,  requiring  a  flight  from  Elling- 
ton field  to  Eagle  Lake  and  return  at  an  ele- 
vation of  from  1,000  to  1,500  feet.  Bombing 
Cadet  Lawrence  was  iij  the  rear  seat.  The 
ship  fell  near  Pearland,  18  miles  from  Elling- 
ton field.  Lieut.  Davis  suffered  a  broken  leg 
and  internal  injuries  by  the  fall.  The  latter 
was  the  cause  of  his  death.  Lieut.  Davis  was  removed  to  the  hospital 
at  Ellington  field  and  died  at  9  o'clock  that  night.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  H.  O. 
Davis,  who  had  stopped  off  at  Houston  on  returning  from  California, 
were  informed  of  the  accident  and  hastened  to  the  hospital,  and  were 
at  the  bedside  when  death  came. 

Writing  to  H.  O.  Davis,  father  of  Lieut.  Davis,  Cadet  Lawrence 
describing  the  fateful  flight  said:  "I  want  to  congratulate  you  and 
Mrs.  Davis  on  giving  to  the  cause  a  man  of  such  sterling  quality  as 
Lieut.  Davis.  I  worked  with  him  daily  for  the  last  six  weeks  of  his 
life  and  always  found  him  to  be  conservative  in  the  risks  he  took  and 
anxious  to  do  his  duty,  always  succeeding  in  getting  close  to  the  top. 
To  me  he  was  like  a  brother  in  whom  I  had  the  utmost  confidence. 
He  ran  his  part  of  the  work  while  I  ran  mine  and  we  both  felt  satisfied 
with  the  other.  Now  I  feel  like  a  ship  without  a  rudder. 

' '  When  I  think  of  the  gallant  fight  he  put  up  even  to  the  last  second 
I  cannot  help  but  admire  him,  for  he  died  fighting  like  a  true  soldier. 
When  at  last  I  was  able  to  chop  thru  the  wreck  and  get  to  him  I  found 
him  still  at  his  post  with  his  hands  on  the  controls." 

Louis  Eddy  Davis  was  born  in  Bloomington  November  24,  1893. 
He  was  the  son  of  Hibbard  O.  and  Florence  Eddy  Davis.  His  grand- 
father was  William  O.  Davis,  for  many  years  owner  of  the  Pantagraph, 
to  which  his  father  succeeded.  His  great-grandfather  was  Jesse  Fell, 
founder  of  the  Normal  university.  In  his  youth  Louis  attended  the 
training  school  at  Normal  university,  and  at  14  he  entered  Shattuck 
military  academy.  Eeturning  to  University  high  school  at  Normal,  he 
nearly  completed  the  course  and  then  went  abroad  with  members  of  the 
family.  He  afterward  took  charge  of  his  father's  ranch  in  California. 
On  May  15,  1917,  he  entered  officers'  training  school  at  Fort  Sheridan, 
and  when  nearly  completing  his  course  was  transferred  at  his  own 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 57 

request  to  the  aviation  service.  He  graduated  from  ground  school  at 
the  University  of  Texas  on  Dec.  22,  1917.  He  was  commissioned  second 
lieutenant  reserve  military  aviator  on  Dec.  29,  being  the  first  man  of 
his  class  to  get  his  commission.  Lieut.  Davis  was  married  in  California 
in  August,  1917,  to  Miss  Styleta  Mae  Kane,  who  after  attending  the 
funeral  in  Bloomington  returned  to  her  former  home  in  California. 

The  body  was  brought  to  Bloomington  for  burial,  the  funeral  being 
held  from  the  Second  Presbyterian  church  on  May  15.  A  great  con- 
course of  people  assembled,  and  the  rostrum  of  the  church  was  heaped 
with  flowers.  Lieut.  L.  H.  Porter,  an  aviation  officer,  accompanied  the 
body  from  Ellington  field.  The  services  were  conducted  by  Eev.  J.  H. 
Mueller,  who  came  here  from  New  York  for  the  funeral  to  deliver  the 
eulogy.  During  the  funeral  cortege  to  the  grave,  military  aviators  from 
Chanute  field  at  Rantoul,  circled  over  the  city  and  dropped  wreaths 
upon  the  burial  place  of  their  comrade.  The  pall  bearers  were  chosen 
by  the  family  from  employees  of  the  Pantagraph,  and  those  serving 
were  C.  C.  Marquis,  J.  M.  McMurry,  R.  H.  Crihfield,  J.  L.  Hasbrouck, 
Fred  W.  Bach  and  Harry  Hamilton.  A  suitable  shaft  has  been  erected 
by  the  family  over  the  grave  of  Lieut.  Davis.  The  Bloomington  post 
of  the  American  Legion,  organized  in  the  fall  of  1919,  was  named  in 
honor  of  Lieut.  Davis. 

ISAIAH  DECKAED 

In  the  official  casualty  list  published 
on  December  12,  1918,  appeared  the 
name  of  Isaiah  Deckard,  formerly  of 
Carlock,  who  died  of  wounds  received 
in  action  in  France.  Young  Deckard 
was  an  orphan,  and  his  early  life  was 
spent  at  Olney,  111.  He  came  to  Car- 
lock  about  1914  and  worked  as  a  farm 
hand.  Afterward  he  was  employed  by 
Schad  's  hardware  store  in  Carlock.  He 
enlisted  in  June,  1918,  for  limited  ser- 
vice, was  sent  to  Camp  Bradley  at 
Peoria  and  then  to  Camp  Sheridan.  In 
September  he  was  sent  overseas.  An 
aunt  in  Carlock  received  occasional  let- 
ters from  him  after  he  reached  France, 
but  the  first  news  that  he  was  at  the 
front  was  when  they  got  word  of  his 
death.  The  young  man  was  about  25 
years  of  age,  and  he  left  one  sister  at 
Olney. 

LIEUT.   ELMEE   DOOCEY 

Lieut.  Elmer  Doocey,  a  prominent  student  of  the  Wesleyan  univer- 
sity, was  reported  killed  in  action  in  France  August  31,  1918.  Word 
came  to  his  mother  at  Pittsfield,  111.  While  a  student  at  the  Wesleyan 
university,  Lieut.  Doocey  was  a  prominent  athlete,  being  a  member  of 
the  football  team  as  half  back  for  three  years.  He  graduated  from 
the  law  school  in  1917,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Illinois.  He  was 
a  prominent  member  of  the  Sigma  Chi  fraternity  while  a  Wesleyan  stu- 
dent. Doocey  received  his  commission  at  the  Second  Officers  Training 
camp  at  Fort  Sheridan  and  was  assigned  to  the  infantry.  In  July,  1918, 
Lieut.  Doocey  was  cited  by  the  French  Government  for  gallantry  and 
conspicuous  bravery  in  action  and  was  decorated  with  the  French  war 


58_ McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THK    WORLD    WAR 

prize,  the  Croix  de  Guerre  with  two  palms.     Later,  he  was  decorated  by 
General  Pershing  with  the  Distinguished  Service  Cross. 

BERNARD  DAVIS 

Bernard  Davis,  a  soldier  of  the  138th  infantry,  whose  home  was  at 
Colfax  for  many  years,  was  reported  killed  in  action  in  France  on 
September  28,  1918.  The  news  came  from  the  war  department  in  a 
message  to  his  mother,  Mrs.  L.  A.  Davis,  who  then  lived  in  Peoria. 
Davis  was  inducted  into  the  service  April  1,  1918,  and  left  Peoria  for 
Camp  Dodge,  where  he  received  his  military  training.  He  had  been  in 
France  since  May  as  a  member  of  the  138th  infantry.  Prior  to  his 
enlistment  he  had  been  working  at  Shelley,  Minn.  He  was  born  at 
Colfax  28  years  before  the  war  and  lived  there  until  about  1913  when 
his  mother  and  sisters  moved  to  Peoria.  Colfax  Post  of  the  American 
Legion  bears  his  name. 

CORPORAL   JOHN  L.   DORRELL 

On  October  3,  1918,  Corporal  John  L.  Dorrell 
of  Heyworth  lost  his  life  in  a  battle  in  the 
Argonne  Forest  while  fighting  with  the  Ma- 
rines. Before  that  time  he  had  by  his  bravery 
won  the  citation  of  the  French  commander,  and 
been  awarded  the  Croix  de  Guerre  by  the 
French  government.  Corporal  Dorrell  was  the 
son  of  Mrs.  Louie  Dorrell  of  Heyworth.  His 
mother  received  the  bronze  Croix  de  Guerre  in 
March,  1919,  several  months  after  the  death  of 
her  son.  Along  with  the  medal  came  copies  of 
the  orders  of  citation  by  the  French  com- 
mander, and  letters  written  by  the  commander 
of  the  U.  S.  Marine  Corps  at  Washington. 
Brig.  Gen.  Charles  Long  of  the  Marine  Corps 
in  his  letter  said:  "In  the  absence  of  the 
major-general  commandant  I  desire  to  express 
for  him  his  personal  appreciation  of  the  splen- 
did service  rendered  by  your  son  in  France, 
where  his  conspicuous  gallantry  in  the  face  of  the  enemy  won  the  ad- 
miration of  the  French  commanders  and  caused  to  be  conferred  upon  him 
this  cross  and  citation."  The  battles  in  which  Corporal  Dorrell  won 
the  citation  and  Croix  de  Guerre  occurred  between  June  6  and  June  9. 
He  suffered  wounds  by  gas  on  June  14.  A  translation  of  the  French 
order  and  citation  is  as  follows:  "General  Headquarters  of  the  Armies 
of  the  North  and  Northeast.  Personnel  Bureau,  Order  No.  11,547. — 
With  the  approbation  of  the  commander-in-chief  of  the  American  Ex- 
peditionary Forces  in  France  the  general  commander-in-chief  of  the 
French  Armies  of  the  north  and  northeast  cites  in  the  orders  of  the 
regiment:  Corporal  John  L.  Dorrell,  U.  S.  marines,  displayed  qualities 
of  a  leader  as  well  as  great  coolness  in  leading  patrols  to  their  posts 
under  violent  machine  gun  fire.  (Signed)  DAUVIN. " 

CHESTER  DANIEL 

One  of  the  young  colored  men  from  this  community  who  lost  his 
life  in  the  defense  of  his  country  wras  Chester  Daniel  of  Normal,  who 
died  from  pneumonia  in  an  army  hospital  in  France  on  August  10,  1918. 
Young  Daniel  was  one  of  the  first  draft  contingent  which  went  out  of" 
McLean  County,  leaving  here  on  September  19,  1917.  He  stayed  there 
for  a  time  and  then  went  to  other  camps,  finally  going  overseas  in  June, 
1918.  He  was  attached  to  the  370th  infantry,  the  famous  negro  regiment 
which  made  such  a  glorious  record  in  the  fighting  of  the  summer  of  1918. 


McLKAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOULD    WAS 


59 


Chester  was  a  son  of  Mrs.  Louise  Daniel  of  109  Willow  street,  Normal. 
He  was  26  years  of  age.  Prior  to  going  into  the  army  he  had  worked 
as  porter  in  Bloomington  barber  shops.  His  body  was  buried  in  France. 

WILLIAM  DUNLAP 

G.  W.  Phares  of  Bloomington  received  word  on  October  16,  1918, 
that  his  grandson,  William  Dur.lap,  had  died  at  a  naval  hospital  at 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  from  an  attack  of  pneumonia.  The  young  man  was  a 
son  of  William  Dinilap,  formerly  of  Ellsworth.  The  family  was  living 
at  Winnebago,  Minn.,  when  William  enlisted  for  service  in  the  navy. 
The  family  had  removed  from  Ellsworth  in  1902,  to  Iowa,  and  three 
years  before  the  war  they  moved  to  Minnesota.  The  burial  took  place 
at  the  family  home  in  Minnesota. 

EDWARD  DWYER 

Edward  Dwyer  of  Cooksville  was  re- 
ported missing  in  action  in  August,  1918, 
and  several  months  later  word  from  the 
war  department  brought  news  that  he 
had  died  from  wounds  received  in  action. 
Miss  Loretta  Dwyer  of  Cooksville,  a 
sister,  received  the  word.  Soon  after  he 
was  first  reported  missing,  word  came 
that  he  was  probably  a  prisoner,  and  then 
in  March,  1919,  news  confirming  the  re- 
port of  his  death  was  received.  The  last 
message  stated  that  the  soldier  was 
buried  in  grave  No.  27  in  Cheney  ceme- 
tery. Young  Dwyer  was  a  member  of 
Co.  A,  58th  infantry.  He  went  to  France 
last  March.  Early  in  August  his  com- 
pany engaged  in  fierce  fighting  on  the 
Vesle  river  and  lost  many  men. 

PEARL  DICKERSON 

Pearl  Dickerson,  a  former  resident  of  LeRoy,  was  drowned  when 
the  steamer  Otranto,  was  torpedoed  by  a  German  submarine  and  sunk 
off  the  coast  of  the  Isle  of  Islay  on  October  6,  1918.  Young  Dickerson 
went  into  the  service  from  Iowa,  where  the  family  lived  at  that  time. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  3rd  company  at  Fort  Severn,  Ga..  when  he 
was  sent  overseas.  This  was  a  special  duty  company  composed  of  only 
51  men.  The  steamer  Otranto  was  approaching  tlie  Scottish  coast  when 
she  was  hit  by  a  torpedo,  and  went  down,  hundreds  of  soldiers  being 
drowned.  The  body  of  Dickerson  was  recovered  and  identified,  and 
buried  with  appropriate  services  on  the  Island  of  Islay.  The  informa- 
tion concerning  his  burial  came  to  his  sister,  Mrs.  Bruce  Morgan  of 
Leroy  in  a  letter  from  Sergt.  Charles  McDonald  of  Battery  D,  4th 
artillery. 

JOSEPH  A.  ERBE 

Private  Joseph  A.  Erbe  of  Normal  was  reported  killed  in  action  on 
August  7,  the  report  reaching  Mrs.  E.  P.  Schuler  of  Normal  on  October  3. 
He  was  a  soldier  of  Company  B,  124th  machine  gun  battalion.  The  man- 
ner of  Erbe's  death  was  told  in  a  letter  sent  to  Normal  friends  by  Leslie 
Eankin,  who  was  near-by  in  the  battle  in  which  Erbe  lost  his  life.  Accord- 
ing to  Eankin 's  story,  Joe  Erbe  had  just  returned  from  the  front  where  he 
had  been  taking  a  load  of  supplies  to  the  line.  He  had  unhitched  his 
horses  and  was  turning  them  into  the  corral  when  a  Hun  plane  dropped 


60 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOL'LU    II' A  R 


a  bomb  upon  the  corral,  which  killed  Erbe,  eight  head  of  mules  and 
crippled  six  more  head.  The  affair  happened  at  Warlow,  a  little  village 
in  France.  Erbe  was  born  at  Ina,  Illinois,  February  13,  1896.  The 
family  afterward  moved  to  Normal,  where  he  attended  the  public  schools 
and  the  high  school.  He  went  to  Chicago  to  enlist  in  1917,  prior  to  the 
time  that  America  entered  the  war.  The  regiment  with  which  he  was 
connected  landed  in  France  May  24,  1918,  and  was  soon  sent  into  action 
with  the  British  army. 

WILLIAM   H.    ECKHART 

In  Graceland  cemetery  at  Fairbury  lies  the 
body  of  William  H.  Eckhart,  one  of  the  Mc- 
Lean county  boys  who  gave  up  his  life  for 
his  country  in  the  war.  He  died  of  pneu- 
monia at  Fort  Bliss,  Texas,  on  October  11, 
1918.  His  father,  George  W.  Eckhart  of  Wes- 
ton,  was  with  him  at  death,  having  made  a 
hurried  trip  when  he  received  word  of  his 
son 's  illness.  William  was  born  at  Fairbury 
on  April  26,  1894,  being  the  only  son  of 
George  W.  and  Carrie  Karnes  Eckhart.  The 
family  removed  to  Weston  when  William  was 
4  years  old.  He  attended  the  village  schools 
and  entered  Fairbury  high  school  with  the 
class  of  1913,  which  he  left  in  his  junior  year 
to  study  electricity  in  the  Coyne  school  in 
Chicago.  He  returned  to  Weston  and  engaged 
in  electrician's  work  until  June,  1914,  when 
he  was  appointed  rural  mail  carrier.  In  De- 
cember, 1917,  he  enlisted  for  the  marines  in 
Chicago,  but  failed  in  examination  because 

of  weak  ankles.  On  May  18,  1918,  he  answered  an  emergency  call  and 
left  for  Jefferson  barracks  with  fifty  other  McLean  county  boys.  In 
June  he  was  sent  to  Fort  Bliss,  Texas,  and  assigned  to  Troop  M.  314th 
U.  S.  cavalry.  In  September,  Troop  M  was  merged  into  Battery  C, 
64th  Field  artillery,  with  traveling  orders.  At  this  time  the  epidemic 
of  influenza  came,  and  all  troop  movements  were  abandoned  for  the  time. 
While  waiting,  young  Eckhart  took  the  examination  for  officers'  train- 
ing camp  and  the  order  recommending  him  to  the  camp  at  McArthur 
came  through  on  the  day  he  died.  Full  military  honors  were  paid  him 
at  Fort  Bliss,  and  the  body  brought  to  Weston.  Owing  to  the  large 
number  desiring  to  attend  services,  the  funeral  at  Weston  was  held  in 
the  town  hall.  Dr.  Charles  Davies  of  the  Fairbury  Presbyterian  church 
officiated,  assisted  by  Rev.  Alfred  Linfield  of  the  Weston  M.  E.  church. 
Miss  Frieda  Wernsman  played  "America"  and  "Star  Spangled  Banner," 
as  the  flag  draped  casket  was  carried  in  and  out  of  the  hall.  Dr.  E.  F. 
Law  and  John  Wink  sang  "Abide  With  Me."  The  pallbearers  were 
Charles  Schnetzler  and  Elmer  Ramsay  of  the  Gamma  Gamma  fraternity 
of  Fairbury  high  school,  and  Hugh  Wells,  Lee  Myer,  Fred  Cooper  and 
Clarence  Myer  of  the  Weston  basket-ball  association.  The  Home  Guards 
of  Fairbury  escorted  the  body  to  Graceland  cemetery  and  sounded  taps 
at  the  grave.  As  a  memorial  to  their  son,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Eckhart  fur- 
nished one  of  the  rooms  at  the  county  Fairview  sanatorium  for  tubercular 
patients. 

LIEUT.  GEORGE  H.  EDWARDS 

Mrs.  Richard  Edwards  of  1401  North  Park  street,  Bloomington,  re- 
ceived w7ord  in  March,  1919,  of  the  death  of  her  grandson,  Lieut.  George 
H.  Edwards,  which  occurred  at  Trieste  on  February  7.  A  short  illness 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 61 

with  pneumonia  preceded  his  death.  Lieut.  Edwards  was  the  son  of 
George  H.  Edwards,  former  mayor  of  Kansas  City,  and  the  young  man 
had  been  associated  with  his  father  in  the  wholesale  jewelry  business 
in  Kansas  City  prior  to  the  war.  Soon  after  the  U.  S.  entered  the  con- 
flict, young  Edwards  went  to  Washington  and  entered  the  office  of  the 
quartermaster  general.  Later  he  entered  active  service,  went  to  France 
and  was  stationed  at  Tours  from  June,  1918,  until  after  the  war  was 
over.  His  superior,  Col.  J.  W.  Mclntosh,  was  sent  to  Trieste  early  in 
1919,  to  look  after  the  distribution  of  food  under  direction  of  the  U.  S. 
forces,  and  he  asked  Lieut.  Edwards  to  accompany  him.  While  engaged 
in  this  work,  Lieut.  Edwards  was  taken  sick  and  died.  He  left  his  par- 
ents and  one  brother,  Lieut.  Richard  D.  Edwards,  who  was  in  the  air 
service  during  the  war. 

WARREN  H.  FLETCHER 

Warren  Harris  Fletcher,  son  of  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Joseph  A.  Fletcher  of  Heyworth,  met 
his  death  in  battle  as  a  member  of  Company 
L,  139th  infantry,  part  of  the  famous  35th 
division.  It  was  on  September  29,  1918,  only 
three  days  after  the  American  forces  started 
the  big  drive  in  the  Argonne  forest,  that 
young  Fletcher  was  hit  by  a  piece  of  enemy 
shrapnel  and  suffered  wounds  from  which  he 
died  in  the  dressing  station  of  the  28th  divi- 
sion at  Varennes,  France.  The  tragic  cir- 
cumstances of  his  death  arc  best  told  in  a 
1  -ttcr  received  by  his  parents  shortly  before 
Christmas  of  1918  from  Corp.  R.  D.  Leidich  of 
Ambulance  company  111  of  the  103rd  Sani- 
tary Train,  who  was  in  the  hospital  when 
Warren  died.  Corp.  Leidich 's  letter  in  part 
is  as  follows: 

"It  was  September  29  we  met  very  strong 
resistance  from  the  Huns,  and  a  steady  stream 
of  wounded  poured  into  our  station  that  day. 
I  was  called  into  the  shock  room,  where  a  patient  was  lying.  I  approached 
liim  and  to  my  surprise  the  patient  was  conscious.  I  spoke  to  him,  and 
after  the  doctor  told  him  he  would  live  only  a  few  minutes,  the  first 
thing  he  asked  for  was  the  chaplain.  The  chaplain  read  a  few  passages 
from  the  Scriptures  and  then  prayed  with  him.  I  stayed  with  him,  and 
he  asked  me  to  take  some  pictures  from  his  pocket,  which  I  did,  and 
after  looking  at  his  mother's,  sweetheart's  and  your  picture,  he  looked 
at  me  and  said  I  should  write  to  his  parents  and  tell  them  that  he  died 
a  Christian.  He  then  asked  me  to  offer  a  prayer  for  him,  which  I  did, 
and  after  that  he  repeated  the  Lord's  praj^er,  and  passed  into  his  eternal 
sleep.  He  died  the  29th  of  September  and  was  buried  on  the  30th  at 
Varennes,  France.  My  short  acquaintance  with  him  has  been  an  in- 
spiration to  live  a  better  and  a  nobler  life." 

The  last  letter  received  by  his  parents  from  Warren  was  dated 
September  23,  which  was  three  days  before  the  fatal  drive  began.  Part 
of  this  letter  was  as  follows:  "Long  before  you  get  this,  you  will  be 
reading  of  one  of  the  greatest  drives  of  the  war,  and  I  hope  this  will 
end  it.  The  boys  are  all  happy  and  don't  seem  to  dread  whatever  will 
be  their  fate.  Don't  worry  about  me,  for  I  am  coming  home  before 
long.  Will  write  the  first  chance  I  get.  To  Dear  Flo:  It  is  getting 
dark  that  I  can  hardly  see  the  paper,  or  I  would  write  you  personally. 
They  won't  allow  any  lights  here.  With  love  to  all.  Good-bye." 

Young  Fletcher  was  one  of  the  typically  fine  specimens  of  young 
manhood  which  McLean  county  furnished  in  hundreds  in  this  war.  He 


62 McLEAN    COUNTY    AXD    THE    WORLD    WAS 

was  called  out  in  the  draft  contingent  of  April  1.  He  first  went  to  Camp 
Dodge,  and  after  only  a  few  weeks  of  training  there  he  was  sent  to 
Europe,  sailing  about  May  1.  Fletcher  was  first  assigned  to  a  regiment 
of  the  35th  division.  This  unit  took  part  in  the  very  hard  fighting  of 
the  Argonne  forest  early  in  September.  In  fact  the  division  suffered 
such  severe  losses  that  it  was  withdrawn,  and  Fletcher 's  regiment  was 
reorganized  and  transferred  to  the  38th  division.  It  was  in  this  division 
that  he  was  engaged  when  he  received  his  fatal  wound.  He  was  born 
at  McLean  on  August  9,  1895.  Before  going  to  war  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Heyworth  Presbyterian  church,  of  the  Masons  and  Woodmen.  He 
left  his  parents  and  one  sister,  Mrs.  S.  M.  Bowen  of  Hudson. 

GEORGE  H.  FRANCIS 

To  be  taken  a  prisoner  by  the  Germans,  and  then  later  to  be  killed 
by  them  while  trying  to  make  his  escape — such  was  the  tragic  fate  of 
George  H.  Francis,  a  former  Bloomington  man.  His  name  appeared  in 
the  official  casualty  lists  published  in  March,  1918.  He  was  formerly 
employed  in  the  Alton  shops  in  Bloomington,  and  his  family  lived  at 
302  East  Lincoln  street.  His  wife  learned  of  his  fate  when  she  read  his 
name  in  the  casualty  list.  The  war  department  officially  notified  the 
mother  of  Francis  that  he  was  killed  while  trying  to  escape  after  being 
made  a  prisoner  by  the  Germans.  Francis  enlisted  in  the  regular  army 
in  1907.  After  serving  five  years,  he  left  the  army,  came  to  Bloomington 
and  was  married  to  Mrs.  Mattie  Holderly,  having  lost  his  first  wife. 
Under  his  first  enlistment  he  served  on  the  Mexican  border  and  a  short 
time  in  the  Philippines.  He  left  his  second  wife,  two  children  by  his 
first  wife,  and  four  adopted  children.  The  last  letter  which  his  wife 
received  from  him  was  in  February,  1918. 

CORPORAL  LYLE  FIKE 

Mrs.  W.  H.  Shetler  of  916  East  Walnut  street  received  word  on 
November  18  that  her  son,  Corporal  Lyle  Fike,  had  died  of  wounds  re- 
ceived in  battle  in  France  on  October  20.  He  had  been  in  France  for 
several  months  before  he  met  his  fate.  Corporal  Fike  was  a  member  of 
old  Co.  D  of  Bloomington.  He  enlisted  in  March,  1917,  going  from  here 
to  Hannibal,  Mo.,  and  from  there  to  Camp  Logan,  Houston,  Tex.  After 
a  brief  stay  there  he  went  to  an  eastern  camp,  from  where  he  sailed  for 
France.  He  was  a  member  of  Co.  B,  124th  machine  gun  battalion.  He 
was  born  at  Creek,  Neb.,  and  was  21  years  in  June,  1918.  He  has  been 
a  resident  of  Bloomington  for  about  eight  years.  While  in  Bloomington 
he  was  employed  as  a  barber  in  a  number  of  the  local  shops  and  also 
worked  in  shops  at  Cooksville,  Danvers  and  other  nearby  cities.  He 
leaves  besides  his  parents,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  William  Shetler,  several  brothers 
and  sisters,  one  of  the  brothers  being  Ben  Fike,  who  was  also  in  the  army. 

EARL  AND  ERVIN  GRANT 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Richard  Grant,  who  live  near  Ellsworth,  had  the  un- 
usual sacrifice  to  make  of  giving  up  two  sons  in  the  war.  Both  entered 
service,  and  one  died  at  Jefferson  Barracks  and  the  other  in  France. 
Earl  Grant,  after  being  rejected  seven  times  at  different  occasions  in 
Bloomington  and  Peoria,  wTas  taken  into  the  army  as  a  limited  service 
soldier  October  1,  1918.  He  was  sent  to  Jefferson  Barracks,  where  he 
developed  influenza,  then  pneumonia,  and  died  October  18.  On  October 
20  his  body  was  shipped  to  Osman,  where  funeral  services  were  held  and 
the  interment  took  place  at  the  Osman  cemetery.  Ervin  Grant  joined 
the  National  Guard  of  Illinois  at  Pekin  in  1916.  His  company  was  called 
to  guard  the  Holt  manufacturing  plant  and  the  bridge  at  Peoria  in 
September,  1917.  The  regiment  was  later  sent  to  Houston,  where  in 
the  breaking  up  of  the  National  Guard  young  Grant  was  assigned  to 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


63 


Co.  G,  108  Ammunition  train.  In  May,  1918,  his  unit  sailed  for  France, 
having  embarked  from  Camp  Merritt.  He  served  through  the  summer 
and  fall  of  1918  as  wagoner  and  sharp  shooter.  After  the  armistice  he 
was  with  the  Army  of  Occupation  in  Germany,  and  in  January,  1919, 
was  on  the  return  trip  through  France  toward  the  port  of  embarkation. 
In  a  heavy  rainstorm  he  got  very  wet  and  contracted  a  heavy  cold,  which 
developed  pneumonia,  and  he  died  January  9.  The  body  was  buried  in 
France.  Besides  the  parents,  the  Grant  boys  left  two  brothers  and  seven 
sisters,  as  follows:  Clarence  Grant  of  Peoria,  Mrs.  Esther  H.  North  of 
El  Paso,  Mrs.  Mina  Scarbrough  of  Arrowsmith,  Mrs.  Florence  White  of 
Peoria,  Mrs.  Goldie  Nichols  of  Marne,  Iowa;  Mrs.  Marie  Arthur  of  Joliet, 
Mrs.  Lucile  Fry  of  Arrowsmith  and  Miss  Eetta  V.  Grant  of  Ellsworth. 
Bellflower  post  of  the  American  Legion  bears  the  name  of  Grant. 


WILLIAM   S.    GOLLIDAY 

William  S.  Golliday  of  Lexington,  who 
was  with  Company  D,  113th  Ammunition 
train,  died  September  30  at  New  Bruns- 
wick, New  Jersey,  from  an  attack  of 
pneumonia  following  influenza.  He  was 
22  years  of  age.  His  body  was  brought 
back  to  Lexington  and  buried  with  full 
military  honors.  His  parents  were  dead, 
but  he  left  two  brothers  and  one  sister. 
Young  Golliday  and  Earl  Brown,  an- 
other Lexington  soldier  who  lost  his  life 
from  disease  while  in  the  service,  lived 
on  adjoining  farms,  a  quarter  of  a  mile 
apart,  before  they  entered  the  service. 


VERGNE   GREINER 

Vergne   Greiner  of  Bloomington,  one  of 
•m        the   boys   of   the   Student   Army   Training 
Camp  at  the  Wesleyan  university,  died  of 
pneumonia    on    October    22,    1918,    at    the 
Mrs.    M.    T.    Scott    residence,    which    had 
:;|S        been  turned  to  use  as  an  emergency  hos- 
pital   during    the    influenza    epidemic    in 
Bloomington     during     that     month.       The 
young  man 's  death  was  caused  by  infection 
HI       from  a  carbuncle. 

Young  Greiner  was  a  son  of  Mrs.  Irma 
i;|i  Greiner  of  Bloomington.  He  was  born  in 
Tonica,  August  25,  1898.  The  family  moved 
to  Bloomington  about  1908.  Besides  his 
mother,  young  Greiner  left  surviving  one 
brother,  William  Earl  Greiner,  who  was 
in  France  with  the  35th  Engineers  when 
his  brother  died,  and  one  sister,  Mrs. 
Edward  L.  Lambert  of  Tonica.  Young 
Greiner  was  one  of  the  most  popular  young 

men  in  Bloomington  during  his  high  school  and  college  days.  He  was 
prominent  in  athletics,  being  a  player  on  the  Bloomington  high  school 
basket-ball  team  which  won  the  state  championship  in  1916.  At  the 
Wesleyan  he  also  took  leading  places  in  football  and  basket-ball.  He 


64 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOKLD    WAE 


was  a  member  of  the  Phi  Gamma  Delta  fraternity.  In  the  summer  of 
1918  he  went  to  Fort  Sheridan  and  took  the  course  of  instruction  for 
student  army  officers  and  became  one  of  the  military  instructors  in  the 
S.  A.  T.  C.  at  the  Wesleyan  in  the  fall.  The  funeral  was  held  in  Bloom- 
ington, and  the  body  taken  to  Tonica  for  burial. 


HARRY  O.  GRAEHL 

Harry  Oscar  Graehl,  son  of  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Carl  Graehl  of  1314  South  Oak 
street,  Bloomington,  was  reported  killed 
in  action  on  September  29.  The  last  let- 
ter the  parents  had  received  from  him 
prior  to  the  message  from  the  war  de- 
partment telling  of  his  death,  had  said 
that  he  was  in  Germany.  He  took  a  part 
with  the  American  forces  which  reduced 
the  large  salient  north  of  St.  Mihiel. 
Harry  Oscar  Graehl  was  born  in  Bloom- 
ington  October  27,  1895.  He  attended 
the  Lincoln  school  and  afterward  the 
Trinity  Lutheran  school.  He  went  into 
the  army  on  April  1,  1918,  going  to  Camp 
Dodge  for  his  first  training.  His  parents 
survived  him,  and  two  of  his  brothers 
were  in  the  army:  Herman,  who  left  for 
Camp  "Wheeler  in  June,  1918,  and  Carl, 
who  went  to  Camp  Dodge.  There  wore 
four  sisters:  Mrs.  J.  W.  Barnes,  Mis. 
Leona  Chandler,  Mrs.  Edna  Taylor  of  De- 
catur;  and  Miss  Louise  Graehl  of  New 
York  City. 

JOSEPH  HAUPTMAN 

Joseph  Hauptman,  a  sergeant  of  Com- 
pany G,  35th  U.  S.  infantry,  was  the  first 
boy  from  Bloomington  to  be  slain  in  battle. 
The  news  of  his  death  came  to  his  relatives 
at  1408  North  Morris  avenue,  on  June  8, 
1918,  in  a  message  from  the  war  depart- 
ment that  he  was  reported  killed  in  action 
June  6.  Young  Hauptman  was  a  native  of 
Hungary,  but  had  lived  in  this  country 
from  childhood.  He  tried  to  enlist  in 
Bloomington  in  September,  1917,  but  when 
the  recruiting  officer  learned  he  was  a  na- 
tive of  an  enemy  country,  he  refused  to 
accept  the  recruit.  Nothing  daunted, 
Hauptman  went  to  Peoria  a  few  days  later, 
and  told  the  recruiting  officer  there  that 
he  was  born  in  New  York,  and  was  ac- 
cepted. He  received  his  preliminary  train- 
ing at  Jefferson  barracks,  then  was  sent 
overseas  in  April,  1918.  Sergt.  Karl 
Farmer,  of  Bloomington,  who  was  in  the  same  company  with  Hauptman, 
sent  a  letter  to  his  mother  telling  the  manner  of  Joe's  death.  It  was 
on  the  night  of  June  5-6,  when  the  regiment  was  at  Mt.  Bernell,  when 
the  company  were  in  the  support  of  the  front  lines.  The  Germans  were 
shelling  the  position,  and  had  hit  a  barn  containing  some  of  the  com- 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


65 


pany's  cooks.  Joe  went  out  with  others  to  get  the  wounded  men  fixed 
up,  when  a  shell  struck  in  their  midst  and  killed  seven  of  them.  His 
death  was  instantaneous.  He  was  buried  in  France  near  the  spot  where 
he  fell,  with  due  military  honors.  Joe  Hauptman  was  20  years  of  age 
when  he  met  death.  He  left  his  father,  Carl  Hauptman,  three  brothers 
and  two  sisters,  all  living  in  Bloomington.  His  mother  died  thirteen  years 
before  his  death.  Joe  had  been  employed  in  the  steel  car  shops  of  the 
Alton,  and  was  a  member  of  the  car  workers'  union.  Sergt.  Karl  Farmer 
sent  home  to  his  mother  a  package  containing  the  personal  effects  of 
Sergt.  Hauptman,  and  these  were  turned  over  to  the  Hauptman  family.  A 
memorial  service  was  held  at  St.  Mary's  church  in  this  city  for  Sergt. 
Hauptman.  Bloomington  Post  of  World  War  Veterans  was  named  for 
him. 

ELMO  F.   HILL 

Elmo  Franklin  Hill  of  Lexington 
made  the  supreme  sacrifice  in  the  world 
war,  and  more  fortunate  than  some 
others,  he  had  his  heroism  commemo- 
rated by  the  naming  of  the  Lexington 
post  of  the  American  Legion  in  his 
honor,  that  organization  of  world  war 
veterans  being  called  Elmo  F.  Hill 
post.  Young  Hill  after  serving  for  a 
year  and  a  half  in  France  fell  a  victim 
of  pneumonia  in  a  hospital  in  that  coun- 
try on  September  23,  1918.  The  news 
of  his  death  came  in  a  message  from 
the  war  department  to  his  sister,  Miss 
Catherine  Claggett  of  Lexington.  On  the 
news  of  his  death  chronicled  the  first 
fatality  which  had  occurred  among  the 
young  men  who  went  out  from  Lexing- 
ton to  the  war,  and  the  community  was 
shocked  by  the  bringing  home  to  them 
of  the  reality  of  the  war.  Young  Hill 
had  for  nine  years  made  his  home  with 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  B.  T.  Claggett,  and  was 
the  same  as  an  only  son  in  the  home. 
He  was  the  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Elmer 
Hill,  and  was  born  on  a  farm  near 
Lexington  on  February  4,  1899.  His 
mother  died  in  infancy,  and  he  was 
taken  into  the  Claggett  home  in  1909, 
where  he  grew  to  young  manhood.  He 
united  with  the  Baptist  church  on 
April  27,  1913.  He  graduated  from 
the  Lexington  high  school  in  1917,  and 
was  president  of  the  class.  On  October 
8  of  the  same  year  he  enlisted  in  the 
army,  and  was  sent  to  France  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1918.  His  foster  parents  and 
sister  survived,  and  there  were  three 
brothers,  one  of  whom,  Elmer  I.  Hill, 
-was  with  Battery  D  in  an  artillery  unit 
of  the  124th  infantry  in  France;  Fred 
A.,  on  the  battleship  Arizona;  and  | 
Albert,  living  in  Urbana. 


J.  W.   HARTLEY 

On  February  9,  1919,  Edward  Hartley  of  North  Eoosevelt  avenue 
Bloomington,  received  word  of  the  death  of  his  brother,  Private  J.  W. 
Hartley,  of  the  16th  U.  S.  Infantry,  regular  army.  He  died  of  wounds 
in  a  hospital  in  France.  The  news  of  the  death  did  not  reach  the  father 
for  some  months  after  it  occurred.  The  father  first  learned  of  his  son's 


66 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


being  wounded  when  he  read  his  name  in  the  published  casualty  list. 
The  soldier  lived  twelve  days  after  he  was  wounded.  Private  Hartley 
enlisted  as  a  volunteer  in  Kansas,  where  he  had  been  working  on  May 
9,  1917.  After  only  three  weeks  of  training  he  was  sent  overseas. 

ROBERT  HUFFMAN 

Eobert  Huffman,  a  young  man  who  lived 
in  Bloomington  while  he  attended  the  Nor- 
mal university,  was  reported  on  November 
4,  1918,  to  have  died  in  France  from  wounds 
received  in  action,  on  October  1.  The  young 
man  was  a  grandson  of  Judge  R.  M.  Ben- 
jamin, and  lived  at  the  latter 's  house  while 
he  was  attending  Normal  in  1916.  His 
mother,  Mrs.  Louise  Huffman,  lived  at 
Pierre,  S.  D.,  when  Robert  entered  the  army. 
Scott  Price  of  Bloomington  was  an  uncle. 
Shortly  after  the  death  of  young  Huffman 
was  reported,  a  letter  written  by  him  ten 
days  before  his  death  was  received  by  Miss 
Irma  Young  of  Bloomington,  afterward  Mrs. 

Charles  Cordes.  This  letter  described  his  position  in  a  front  line  posi- 
tion, where  he  could  hear  the  German  shells  going  over,  and  then  the 
shells  from  the  French  75 's  answering  them  and  going  in  the  opposite 
direction.  Huffman  referred  to  the  drive  of  September  12,  when  the 
cannon  of  the  Allies  fired  so  rapidly  that  German  prisoners  stated  that 
they  thought  the  large  guns  were  machine  guns.  The  firing  continued 
from  1  a.  m.  till  late  in  the  afternoon,  when  the  doughboys  went  over 
the  top  and  brought  back  large  numbers  of  prisoners.  The  body  of 
Huffman  was  buried  in  France,  in  the  20th  Field  Artillery  cemetery. 
Huffman  enlisted  December  10,  1917,  and  was  sent  to  the  9th  recruit 
company  at  Camp  Logan.  In  January  he  was  sent  to  Camp  McArthur 
to  the  signal  service  of  the  field  artillery.  Huffman  was  born  in  Clark 
county,  S.  D.,  July  26,  1895. 

HERBERT  H.  HOLMAN 

Herbert  Hildreth  Holman,  son  of 
B.  W.  Holman,  signal  man  with  the 
Alton  road  in  Bloomington,  died  from 
the  result  of  an  accident  at  Queens- 
town,  Ireland,  on  January  20,  1919. 
Young  Holman  was  a  sailor,  and  was 
attached  to  a  U.  S.  S.  battleship  at 
the  time  of  his  death.  He  was  on  shore 
leave  at  Queenstown,  and  was  run  down 
by  a  motor  truck  on  the  streets,  suffer- 
ing injuries  from  which  he  died  an 
hour  later.  The  news  of  the  death  came 
to  the  parents  in  Bloomington  from  the 
naval  bureau  of  navigation  five  days 
after  the  young  man 's  death.  Mrs. 
Ellen  Holman,  mother  of  Herbert  Hol- 
man, received  a  letter  from  Chaplain 
B.  R.  Patrick,  who  conducted  a  memo- 
nal  service  for  the  dead  sailor  in  the 
chapel  of  the  hospital  where  he  died. 

"It    appears   that    on   Monday   fore- 
noon, January  21,  your  son  was  on  a  heavy  truck  and  jumped  from  it 
just   as  it   was  about   to   stop   at   its   destination,"  the   chaplain  wrote. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 67 

"His  feet  slipped  and  he  went  under  the  rear  wheel  which  ran  over 
him.  He  was  taken  to  the  sick  bay  at  the  air  station  and  hurried  to 
this  hospital  by  a  speed  boat,  but  expired  about  ten  minutes  after  reach- 
ing the  hospital  and  a  few  minutes  before  I  reached  his  ward.  One  of 
the  men  told  me  that  while  being  carried  he  tried  to  turn  on  his  side, 
saying  'Now  father  I  can  see  you,'  and  that  he  continued  to  talk  as 
if  to  his  father."  The  body  was  brought  home  to  Bloomington,  and 
the  funeral  was  held  on  February  18,  1919,  on  the  same  day  as  that 
nt  Scrgt.  J.  G.  Spence,  the  two  bodies  being  interred  at  Park  Hill  ceme- 
tery. These  were  the  first  bodies  of  men  in  the  service  which  had  been 
buried  in  this  new  Bloomington  cemetery.  Dr.  Edgar  DeWitt  Jones 
of  the  First  Christian  church,  in  an  eloquent  address  paid  a  glowing 
tribute  to  the  dead  heroes.  Miss  Ethel  Gulick  sang.  Three  marine 
officers,  Captain  Burr  Crigler  and  Roy  Dillon  and  Lieut.  Swinehart, 
acted  as  honorary  pall  bearers  for  Sergt.  Jesse  Spence,  the  dead  marine. 
The  active  pall  bearers  were  George  Mcece,  Frank  Brown,  J.  S.  Thomp- 
son, Clarence  Hensel,  Clarence  Jeter  and  George  Stretch. 

Ensigns  Bruce  Jarrett  and  Donald  Marquis  were  the  honorary  pall 
bearers  for  Herbert  Holman.  The  active  pall  bearers  were  George  Ehr- 
mantrout,  H.  Burns,  H.  Friedlund,  A.  L.  Buchanan,  J.  E.  Febman  and 
H.  H.  Schroeder,  former  associates  of  the  dead  sailor. 

Herbert  Holman  was  born  in  Bloomington  July  2,  1896,  and  with 
the  exception  of  a  brief  period  in  Oklahoma,  had  spent  his  entire  life 
in  Bloomington.  He  went  to  work  in  the  Alton  boiler  shops  and  was 
a  member  of  the  Boilermakers'  Union  in  1918.  On  May  22  of  that 
year  he  enlisted  in  the  navy  as  a  blacksmith  of  the  second  class  and 
was  sent  to  Great  Lakes  training  station.  In  September  he  was  trans- 
ferred to  Philadelphia,  and  then  was  sent  aboard  ship.  He  was  an 
expert  acetylene  welder.  He  carried  $10,000  insurance  with  the  govern- 
ment war  risk  board. 

WILLIAM  ROY  HINTHORN 

The  first  soldier  from  Normal  to  give  up  his  life  in  the  great  war 
was  William  Eoy  Hinthorn,  who  died  on  January  19,  1918,  at  Jefferson 
barracks,  Mo.  He  was  a  member  of  the  23rd  company,  Quartermaster's 
corps.  He  enlisted  on  December  12,  1917,  and  was  sent  to  Jefferson 
barracks.  He  was  taken  sick  with  a  heavy 
cold  soon  after  going  there,  and  later  this 
developed  into  pneumonia  and  he  was  sent  to 
the  hospital.  He  rallied  for  a  time,  and  his 
parents,  who  had  gone  to  be  near  him,  re- 
turned to  their  home  in  Normal.  Suddenly 
he  had  a  relapse,  and  his  brother  Leslie  was 
the  only  relative  near  at  his  death.  The  body 
was  brought  to  Normal,  and  the  funeral  was 
held  at  the  family  home  on  January  21,  and 
the  body  taken  to  Hudson  for  burial.  Wil- 
liam Roy  Hinthorn  was  born  near  Lexington 
on  January  1,  1896,  the  third  son  of  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  James  Hinthorn.  He  attended  school  at 
Lexington  and  Hudson,  and  graduated  from 
the  latter  place.  The  family  removed  to 
Normal  in  1913,  and  that  year  and  the  next 
he  attended  the  Normal  university.  He  be- 
came engaged  to  Miss  Mary  Kirchner,  to  whom  he  was  to  have  been 
married  in  the  spring  of  1918.  The  young  man  was  survived  by  his  par- 
ents and  three  brothers  and  one  sister.  The  funeral  at  his  home  in 


68 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


Normal  was  conducted  by  Eev.  H.  M.  Bloomer  of  the  Normal  Methodist 
church. 

CHARLES  E.  HARBISON 

Private  Charles  E.  Harrison,  son  of 
William  E.  Harrison  of  Chenoa,  died 
from  influenza  in  a  hospital  at  Secaucus, 
New  Jersey,  on  October  11,  1918.  His 
father  had  been  notified  of  his  illness 
and  was  on  his  way  east  when  the 
young  man  died.  Young  Harrison  went 
to  Camp  Wheeler  on  August  1,  with  a 
draft  contingent,  and  was  later  trans- 
ferred to  Camp  Mills.  At  Camp 
Wheeler  he  made  a  record  as  an  expert 
rifle  shot.  He  was  expecting  to  be  sent 
overseas  from  Camp  Mills,  when  he  was 
taken  with  his  fatal  illness.  The  body 
was  brought  back  to  Chenoa  for  inter- 
ment. Charles  E.  Harrison  was  born  on 
a  farm  south  of  Chenoa  on  February  5, 
1896.  He  finished  the  course  of  study 
in  the  country  school  and  then  took  up 
farming  together  with  his  father.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Chenoa  Presbyter- 
ian church.  He  left  besides  his  parents, 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.  E.  Harrison,  two  sis- 
ters, Mrs.  Allen  C.  Voland  of  LeRoy, 
and  Lila,  at  home. 

SERGT.   RALPH  HOOVER 

Sergt.  Ralph  Hoover,  son  of  W.  W.  Hoover,  formerly  of  McLean 
county,  died  from  Influenza  and  pneumonia  at  Fort  Stevens,  Oregon,  in 
October,  1918.  The  news  came  to  his  uncle,  A.  W.  Peasley,  who  was 
a  brother  of  the  young  man 's  mother,  Isabel  Peasley  Hoover.  The  fam- 
ily had  moved  to  Rolfe,  Iowa,  and  when  America  entered  the  war,  Ralph 
volunteered  for  the  medical  service  of  the  regular  army.  After  training 
in  several  camps,  he  was  sent  to  Fort  Stevens,  Oregon,  where  spruce 
timber  was  cut  for  making  aeroplanes.  The  young  man  was  20  years 
of  age.  He  left  his  mother  and  two  sisters.  The  body  was  taken  to 
Rolfe,  Iowa,  for  interment. 


WILLIAM  GROVER  HAYNES 

William  Grover  Haynes,  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  William  Haynes  of 
Leroy,  died  of  pneumonia  on  October  16,  1918,  after  arriving  in  France 
with  the  127th  infantry,  Company  A,  31st  Division.  His  regiment  em- 
barked from  Camp  Mills  on  October  6.  Young  Haynes  was  one  of  the 
McLean  County  boys  who  went  out  with  the  draft  contingent  of  June 
25  to  Camp  Wheeler,  where  he  received  his  training.  He  was  born  on 
a  farm  east  of  Saybrook  on  October  24,  1893.  He  left  his  parents,  two 
brothers  and  three  sisters.  During  his  earlier  life  he  had  worked  on  a 
farm.  He  was  buying  a  home  with  his  earnings,  and  when  he  went 
away  to  war  he  deeded  it  to  his  mother.  He  was  admitted  to  base 
hospital  65  by  ambulance  from  U.  S.  S.  Siboney,  at  Brest,  on  October 
16,  and  in  spite  of  excellent  medical  care  and  nursing  died  at  4  p.  m. 
that  day.  The  body  was  buried  in  the  new  cemetery  at  Keruon,  with 
full  military  honors.  The  cemetery  is  located  on  a  hilltop  overlooking 
the  bay,  and  adjoining  the  old  French  cemetery.  The  parents  a  few 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


69 


weeks  after  their  son's  death  received  a  sprig  of  fern  from  the  hedge 
near  his  grave. 


THOMAS  R.  HELMICK 

Thomas  B.  Helmick,  son  of  Mrs.  Eliz- 
abeth Helmick  of  Leroy,  died  in  a  de- 
partmental hospital  in  Honolulu,  Ha- 
waiian Island,  on  February,  7,  1919.  His 
body  was  brought  to  Leroy,  and  the 
funeral  was  held  Tuesday,  April  1,  1919. 
He  was  born  June  21,  1891,  at  Fisher. 
He  entered  military  service  at  Jeffer- 
son barracks  Feb.  28,  1918,  and  was 
later  sent  to  Angel  Island,  California, 
from  whence  he  sailed  with  the  llth 
company  coast  artillery  for  the  Hawai- 
ian Islands.  He  served  with  his  regi- 
ment from  that  time  until  the  beginning 
of  his  fatal  illness.  Besides  the  mother, 
Private  Helmick  left  a  sister,  Mrs. 
George  Hammond  of  Kewanee,  and  two 
brothers,  Amos  Helmick  of  Leroy,  and 
E.  Harmon  Helmick  of  Akron,  Ohio. 


AUDA   A.   HUMBLE 

Auda  A.  Humble,  who  had  lived 
near  McLean  before  he  went  into 
the  army,  was  one  of  the  many 
victims  of  the  influenza  which 
raged  during  the  autumn  and  win- 
ter of  1918.  He  went  out  of  Mc- 
Lean county  with  the  draft  contin- 
gent of  June,  1918.  He  first  went 
to  Camp  Dodge,  Iowa,  and  then  to 
Camp  Upton,  N.  Y.  From  the  lat- 
ter place  he  sailed  for  England, 
thence  to  France.  He  was  seized 
with  influenza  and  then  pneumonia, 
and  October  2,  1918,  he  died.  His 
body  was  buried  in  American 
French  cemetery  No.  2,  at  Heri- 
court,  Heute,  Saone,  France.  Young 
Humble  was  a  soldier  of  Company 
C,  338th  machine  gun  battalion.  He 
was  a  native  of  Kentucky,  and  wras 
born  at  Pulaski,  near  Summerset, 
Ky.,  on  November  17,  1893.  He 
was  the  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.  H. 
Humble  of  McLean.  Besides  his 
parents,  he  left  one  brother,  Otto, 
and  two  sisters,  Victoria  and  Ethel 
of  McLean.  He  was  the  fourth  young  man  from  the  village  of  McLean 
to  give  up  his  life  for  his  country  in  the  great  world  war. 


70    McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    TllK    WORLD    W AH 

WILLARD  HENSLEY 

In  the  casualty  list  of  June  26,  1918,  appeared  the  name  of  Willard 
Hensley,  and  thus  recording  the  death  of  another  McLean  county  young 
man  who  had  gone  to  fight  for  freedom.  Young  Hensley  enlisted  in  the 
Marine  corps  in  1916,  and  he  served  with  his  regiment  in  the  fighting 
of  the  early  summer  which  served  to  stop  the  German  drive.  His  home 
had  been  in  Indiana,  and  he  attended  the  school  at  Valparaiso,  but  each 
summer  for  three  years  he  had  spent  in  McLean  county,  working  on 
farms.  Most  of  this  time  he  had  been  employed  on  the  farm  of  Howard 
Mason,  near  Bloomington. 

MATTHEW  HOLMAN 

Matthew  Holman,  a  McLean  boy,  died 
in  a  military  hospital  at  Syracuse,  N.  Y., 
on  October  10,  1918,  from  an  attack  of 
influenza.  The  body  was  brought  to  Mc- 
Lean for  burial,  and  the  funeral  was  held 
at  the  Christian  church.  Matthew  Holman 
was  born  at  Eichmond,  Ky.,  on  October 
29,  1890.  He  came  to  McLean  at  the  age 
of  18  and  worked  as  a  farm  hand  for 
several  years  for  Ira  Grain  and  Charles 
Eoss.  On  May  30,  1916,  he  enlisted  in  the 
coast  artillery  branch  of  the  army.  For 
fourteen  months  he  served  his  country  in 
that  capacity,  being  stationed  at  Ft.  Mon- 
roe, Va.,  but  was  then  discharged  on  ac- 
count of  poor  health.  On  June  25,  1918, 
he  was  inducted  for  service  and  was  sent 
to  Camp  Wheeler,  Ga.,  with  a  McLean 
county  contingent,  but  was  rejected  on 

account  of  physical  disability.  A  month  later  he  was  chosen  for  limited 
service  and  was  sent  to  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  where  he  was  a  drill  instructor 
until  he  was  taken  to  a  hospital  suffering  from  rheumatic  fever.  He 
then  contracted  Spanish  influenza  and  was  ill  with  this  disease  less  than 
a  week.  Matthew  was  the  youngest  member  of  his  family.  He  left 
surviving  his  parents,  two  sisters  and  three  brothers. 

EDWIN  IEHL 

On  October  14,  1918,  Edwin  lehl  died  of  influenza  at  Camp  Mills, 
New  York. .  Word  came  to  Normal,  where  his  wife,  formerly  Miss  Blanche 
Champion,  had  resided  prior  to  marriage.  Young  lehl  had  been  a  banker 
at  Melvin.  He  attempted  to  enlist  early  in  the  war,  but  was  rejected 
for  physical  reasons.  On  August  1  he  went  with  a  draft  contingent  to 
Camp  Wheeler,  then  was  transferred  to  Camp  Mills,  N.  Y.  His  illness 
was  of  short  duration.  His  body  was  taken  to  Melvin,  111.,  for  burial. 

FRANK  M.  JORDAN 

Frank  M.  Jordan,  member  of  the  Blooaungton  law  firm  of  Jordan  & 
Jordan,  died  of  wounds  in  France  November  11,  1918.  Announcement 
of  his  death  was  received  December  18,  1918,  by  his  parents,  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  J.  W.  Jordan,  of  Wapella,  from  the  war  department.  He  was  re- 
ported wounded  September  13.  Young  Jordan  left  Clinton  in  April  and 
was  sent  to  Camp  Dodge,  later  being  transferred  to  Camp  Travis.  He 
was  in  London  July  4  and  was  later  sent  to  France.  Young  Jordan 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOKLD    WAE 71 

was  born  in  Wapella  and  was  32  years  old.  After  completing  the  grade 
schools  of  his  home  town  he  attended  Notre  Dame  university  at  South 
Bend,  Ind.,  and  later  graduated  from  the  Wesleyan  law  school.  Follow- 
ing his  graduation  he  formed  a  partnership  with  his  uncle  George  F. 
Jordan. 

LIEUT.  ALLINGTON  JOLLY 

After  passing  in  safety  through  all  the  horrors  and  dangers  of  the  war, 
Lieut.  Allington  Jolly,  an  officer  of  the  flying  service,  met  his  death  in  an 
aeroplane  accident  just  after  his  return  from  war  service  in  Europe.  The 
fatal  accident  occurred  on  April  27,  1919,  at  Freeport,  New  York.  Lieut. 
Jolly  was  flying  a  privately  owned  plane,  and  was  up  about  150  feet  when 
the  wings  collapsed  and  the  machine  fell  in  a  crash  and  he  was  instantly 
killed.  Lieut.  Jolly  was  a  son  of  Eev.  A.  J. 
Jolly,  pastor  of  the  church  at  Cropsey,  his 
father  being  located  there  when  his  son  met 
his  death.  Young  Jolly  had  attended  the  Wes- 
leyan, and  was  a  student  of  the  Normal  uni- 
versity in  the  summer  term  of  1914.  He  en- 
listed in  the  army  before  America  entered  the 
war,  going  out  on  May  19,  1916.  He  was  sent 
to  the  Mexican  border,  where  his  work  won  him 
the  Mexican  service  medal  and  the  Good  Conduct 
medal  given  by  Gen.  Pershing.  He  was  one  of 
seven  motorcycle  riders  selected  at  Fort  Bliss  to 
go  to  Washington  on  May  28,  1917.'  Soon  after- 
ward they  left  the  U.  S.  and  landed  in  London 
on  June  8.  He  was  a  driver  of  a  staff  car  with 
the  first  unit  of  officers  sent  to  France.  On 
September  1  he  was  transferred  to  Chamont,  the 
general  headquarters,  where  he  drove  cars  for 
Gen.  Pershing  and  Inspector  General  Brewster. 
Later  he  was  transferred  to  the  aviation  service  and  ordered  to  report  to 
Tours.  He  started  his  work  in  flying  on  Jan.  30,  1918.  After  his  training, 
he  was  sent  to  the  front  to  instruct  observers.  He  was  made  adjutant  of 
the  post  on  October  24,  and  continued  to  the  close  of  the  war.  During  his 
service  in  France,  Lieut.  Jolly  was  awarded  the  Croix  de  Guerre,  and  was 
made  chief  of  the  air  service  personnel  at  the  place  where  he  was  sta- 
tioned. After  his  return,  he  was  made  a  member  of  the  Aero  Club  of  America. 
The  funeral  was  held  on  May  2,  1919,  at  the  Methodist  church  in  Cropsey. 
A  double  quartet  sang  songs  selected  by  the  soldier's  mother.  Eev.  J.  H. 
Eyan  of  Pontiac  offered  prayer.  The  scripture  was  read  by  Eev.  G.  P. 
Snedeker  of  Piper  City,  and  the  sermon  was  by  Eev.  W.  J.  Leach  of 
El  Paso.  The  burial  was  at  the  Cropsey  cemetery,  the  pallbearers  being 
six  Cropsey  boys  who  had  worn  the  uniform,  Eoe  James,  Charles  Popejoy, 
Harvey  Davis,  Earl  Bechtel,  Paul  Crumbaker,  Ivan  Crum.  Eight  flower 
girls  carried  floral  tributes.  The  Patrol  Boy  Scouts  were  an  escort  of 
honor.  The  salute  over  the  grave  was  fired  by  a  squad  under  Sergt. 
Bert  Davis,  and  Bugler  J.  A.  Puett  and  Arthur  Vaughn  sounded  taps. 

RANSOM  JOHNSON 

Eansom  Johnson,  son  of  Mrs.  Charles  D.  Johnson  of  Bloomington, 
died  October  1,  1918,  at  a  base  hospital  in  Camp  Devens,  near  Ayer, 
Mass.  Death  resulted  from  pneumonia  following  an  attack  of  influenza. 
Young  Johnson  was  born  at  Gloversville,  N.  Y.,  on  May  10,  1895.  The 
family  came  to  Bloomington  about  1903.  The  young  man  enlisted  in  the 
service  early  in  1918.  The  father  of  young  Johnson  died  in  Indianapolis 


72 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


February  4,  1916.  The  mother  and  one  sister,  Mrs.  Eoy  Strain  survive; 
also  one  half  brother,  E.  Ernest  Johnson,  who  was  in  the  marines  at 
Galveston,  Texas,  when  the  brother  died.  The  dead  soldier  was  an 
athlete,  and  had  made  plans  for  a  professional  career  as  an  acrobat. 
The  body  was  brought  to  Bloomington  for  burial,  and  the  funeral  took 
place  with  military  honors. 


LORING  F.  JONES 

Loring  F.  Jones  of  Bloomington  died 
at  Camp  Grant  on  October  13,  1918, 
-after  a  week's  illness  with  influenza 
and  pneumonia.  He  was  not  known  to 
be  seriously  sick  until  the  two  days 
before  his  death,  when  his  mother,  and 
sister,  Pearl,  were  summoned  to  Rock- 
ford.  They  saw  him  just  before  he 
died.  Loring  Jones  went  out  of  Bloom- 
ington with  a  contingent  of  draft  men 
in  August,  and  had  been  stationed  at 
Camp  Grant  from  that  time  to  the  day 
of  his  death.  He  had  entered  into  the 
life  of  the  soldier  with  zest.  He  was 
24  years  of  age,  and  had  lived  most  of 
his  life  in  Bloomington.  For  some  time 
he  was  employed  with  C.  W.  Klemm, 
and  later  was  in  charge  of  the  whole- 
sale department  of  W.  B.  Read  &  Co. 
He  was  a  member  of  Grace  Methodist 
church,  and  sang  in  the  choir  there. 
The  body  was  brought  to  Bloomington 
and  the  funeral  was  held  on  October 
16  at  the  home  of  his  parents,  808 
South  Madison  street.  Eev.  Edgar  De- 
Witt  Jones  was  in  charge  of  the  ser- 
vices, and  the  Bloomington  chapter  of 
the  Red  Cross  sent  representatives,  and 

gave  the  flag  which  was  draped  over  the  casket.  Mrs.  Darrah  and  Miss 
Gulick  sang.  Company  M  furnished  the  escort  of  honor  and  the  firing 
squad  for  the  cemetery.  Bugler  Claude  Carlock  sounded  taps  over  the 
grave.  The  burial  took  place  in  Park  Hill  cemetery. 


JOHN  OSCAR  JENKINS 

John  Oscar  Jenkins,  son  of  John  C.  Jenkins  of  Lexington,  was  killed 
in  action  in  France,  according  to  wrord  sent  to  the  father  in  June,  1918. 
The  young  man  was  a  member  of  a  regiment  of  U.  S.  engineers.  D.  G. 
Agnew,  an  uncle  of  the  boy,  had  taken  the  boy  to  raise  when  the  boy's 
mother  died.  The  government  wired  him  and  he  in  turn  wired  Mr. 
Jenkins.  The  dead  soldier  enlisted  at  Rockport,  Ind.,  in  July,  1917,  ar- 
riving in  France  in  August.  A  short  time  before  enlisting  he  visited 
his  father  in  Lexington.  The  young  man's  father  first  learned  of  his 
son's  death  when  he  read  his  name  in  the  casualty  lists  published  by 
the  newspapers  on  June  14,  1918. 


LEMUEL  JONES 

Lemuel  Jones,  who  quit  his  studies  in  the  law  school  of  the  Wes- 
leyan  to  enter  the  army,  was  killed  in  action  in  France  on  October  4, 
1918.  The  home  of  young  Jones  was  at  Bourbon,  in  Douglas  county, 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR  73 

Illinois,  and  he  went  out  of  there  in  the  summer  of  1918  to  enter  the 
medical  service  as  a  stretcher  bearer.  He  was  a  son  of  Clifford  N.  Jones, 
former  sheriff  of  Douglas  county.  He  stood  high  as  a  law  school  stu- 
dent. Word  of  his  death  reached  the  Wesleyan  November  22. 

LOUIS  KARL  KOCH. 

Louis  Karl  Koch,  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  George 
Koch  of  Bloomington,  was  killed  in  battle  in 
France  September  12,  1918.  The  war  department 
sent  official  word  to  this  effect  a  few  days  later. 
Louis  Karl  Koch  was  one  of  the  young  men  who 
went  out  in  the  first  draft  contingent  from 
McLean  county  in  September,  1917.  He  went 
first  to  Camp  Dodge,  and  was  later  transferred 
to  Camp  Pike,  and  then  to  Camp  Mills  before 
embarkation.  He  was  assigned  to  an  infantry 
regiment  which  took  part  in  the  fighting  on  the 
American  front  during  the  summer  and  early 
fall  of  1918.  Louis  was  born  in  Bloomington 
March  27,  1896.  He  was  one  of  nine  children, 

and  he  received  his  education  at  Trinity  Lutheran  school.  He  later  en- 
tered the  Alton  shops  and  was  working  as  machinist's  helper  when  he 
quit  to  go  into  the  service.  He  left  his  parents  and  eight  brothers  and 
sisters  surviving.  Memorial  services  for  Private  Koch  were  held  at 
Trinity  Lutheran  church  on  December  8,  1918.  His  body  was  buried 
in  France  near  the  spot  where  he  fell.  Rev.  W.  E.  Hohenstein  said  of 
him:  "When  he  breathed  his  last  on  that  far-away  battlefield,  God  did 
not  forsake  him,  but  carried  his  soul  to  that  distant  land  of  glory 
where  on  the  last  great  day  his  parents  and  friends  will  see  him  again 
wrapped  in  the  glory  which  he  has  justly  deserved." 

BEN  KAPLAN 

Ben  Kaplan,  who  had  been  a  young  clothing  merchant  at  Chenoa, 
died  from  pneumonia  at  Jefferson  Barracks,  Mo.,  on  October  7,  1918. 
His  attack  was  brought  on  by  influenza.  He  left  for  Jefferson  Barracks 
on  October  1,  and  his  friends  were  not  aware  of  his  illness  until  just 
a  few  hours  before  he  died.  The  body  was  taken  to  Chicago  and  buried 
in  Mt.  Israel  cemetery.  Young  Kaplan  was  born  at  Coal  City,  111., 
November  5,  1890.  He  grew  up  with  his  father  and  later  went  to  Chi- 
cago. About  1913,  he  came  to  Chenoa  with  his  brother  Moses  and 
bought  a  clothing  store.  He  was  a  wide-awake  business  man,  being 
in  charge  of  the  band  concerts  and  other  public  enterprises  for  some 
time.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Chenoa  lodge  of  Masons  and  of  the 
Bloomington  Consistory. 

WILBUR  KILLION 

Wilbur  Killion,  one  of  the  500  McLean  county  boys  who  went  to 
Camp  Wheeler  with  the  draft  contingent  of  June  25,  1918,  met  an  acci- 
dental death  while  returning  to  his  home  in  Bloomington.  The  army 
life  seemed  to  have  preyed  upon  his  mind  after  a  few  weeks  in  camp, 
and  he  became  deranged.  On  August  14  he  was  sent  back  to  his  home 
in  charge  of  an  officer  of  the  camp.  When  the  train  was  near  Madison- 
ville,  Ky.,  Wilbur  went  into  the  toilet  room  of  a  Pullman  and  while 
the  train  was  in  progress  he  jumped  from  the  car.  His  body  was  found 
next  morning  on  the  track,  where  apparently  he  had  laid  down  and  a 
train  had  run  over  him.  The  body  was  brought  to  Bloomington  for 
burial.  The  young  soldier  was  a  step-son  of  W.  A.  Craig  of  Bloomington. 


74   McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THK    tt'OELl)    WAR 

ALBERT  LOUIS   KERBER 

Albert  Louis  Kerber  of  Colfax  died  of  measles  and  pneumonia  at 
an  army  hospital  in  France  on  December  7,  1918.  Young  Kerber  went 
out  of  this  county  with  the  draft  contingent  of  June  25,  and  after  his 
preliminary  training  was  sent  to  France  with  Company  E,  124th  in- 
fantry. Later  he  was  transferred  to  the  112th  infantry.  The  young 
soldier  was  a  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Wm.  Kerber  of  Colfax,  and  was  born 
near  that  town  in  1895.  He  left  his  parents  and  two  brothers  and 
two  sisters  living  at  Colfax.  Funeral  services  were  held  for  him  at 
the  Catholic  church  at  Colfax,  of  which  he  was  a  member,  and  large 
numbers  of  friends  attended.  Colfax  Post  of  the  American  Legion  bears 
his  name. 

ERNEST  G.  KNECHT 

Ernest  G.  Knecht  died  while  in  the  government  service,  altho  not 
in  the  army.  He  was  employed  as  a  carpenter  at  work  on  the  govern- 
ment barracks  at  Charleston,  W.  Va.,  on  October  19,  1918.  He  had  been 
sick  about  a  week  with  influenza  and  pneumonia.  His  wife  was  at  his 
bedside  when  he  died.  Ernest  Knecht  was  born  in  Normal  on  July 
23,  1887.  He  grew  up  here  and  learned  the  carpenter's  trade,  and  for 
ten  years  had  been  employed  at  the  Moratz  planing  mill  before  enter- 
ing the  government  employ.  He  was  married  to  Miss  Clara  Jaeger,  and 
his  wife  survived  with  two  children,  Lillie  and  Delmar.  He  was  the 
son- of  Albert  Knecht  of  South  Linden  street,  and  he  also  left  five  broth- 
ers and  four  sisters.  One  brother,  Carl,  was  in  the  army.  His  body 
was  brought  home  for  burial.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Church  of  Peace, 
of  the  Knights  of  Pythias  and  of  the  carpenters'  union. 


CLYDE  KIND 

Clyde  Kind,  son  of  A.  L.  Kind  of  near 
Covel,  died  in  a  hospital  at  the  Great  Lakes 
naval  training  station  on  Oct.  1,  1918.  He 
was  one  of  the  many  victims  of  influenza. 
His  father  had  been  summoned  to  Great 
Lakes  by  his  son's  critical  condition,  and 
was  near  him  when  he  died.  Clyde  was  born 
near  Minier  and  was  18  years  of  age  when 
he  died.  He  enlisted  for  naval  service  in 
July.  He  left  his  parents  and  one  sister.  The 
body  was  brought  home  and  funeral  services 
were  held  for  him  at  the  church  at  Covel,  and 
he  was  buried  at  the  Covel  cemetery  with 
due  military  uonors. 


LEONARD  J.  KILGORE 

Leonard  J.  Kilgore  died  of  pneumonia  at  Gates  hospital,  Chattanooga, 
on  October  15,  1918.  He  was  taken  ill  while  a  member  of  a  personal 
replacement  company  at  Camp  Forest,  Georgia.  He  left  Bloomington 
September  6.  Young  Kilgore  was  21  years  of  age  and  had  made  his 
home  in  Bloomington  with  uncle  and  aunt,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  A.  Schultz 
of  1008  South  Lee  street.  He  worked  for  some  time  in  the  Big  Four 
freight  house.  He  left  his  father,  six  brothers,  two  of  whom  were  in 
the  army,  and  five  sisters;  most  of  his  relatives  living  in  Kentucky. 
The  burial  took  place  at  Chattanooga,  comrades  of  his  company  who  had 
formerly  lived  in  this  county  acting  as  pallbearers. 


MrLKAN    COUNTY    AND    THK    WORLD    WAR 


75 


JOHN   H.   KRAUS 

John  H.  Kraus,  son  of  Mrs.  Frederica 
Kraus  of  Danvers,  was  reported  on  August 
20  to  have  been  killed  in  action  on  July  18, 
1918.  John  Kraus  was  the  first  of  the  Dan- 
vers boys  to  enlist  and  saw  a  great  deal 
of  hard  service  in  the  trenches.  He  was 
gassed  in  May,  1918,  and  was  in  the  hos- 
pital until  July  1st,  1918,  and  killed  in 
action  on  July  18.  He  was  born  in  Balti- 
more, Md.,  May  8,  1900,  his  father  dying 
when  the  boy  was  10  years  of  age.  At  the 
death  of  his  father  the  family  moved  to 
Danvers  which  h^s  since  been  their  home. 
It  was  there  that  John  attended  school.  In 
February,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  national 
guards  and  at  the  time  of  his  death  was 

with  Co.  1,  18th  Inf.,  A.  E.  F.  From  here  he  left  for  Jefferson  Bar- 
racks thence  to  Arizona.  From  Arizona  he  was  sent  to  New  York  and 
in  June,  1917,  was  sent  to  France  with  the  vanguard  of  the  American 
army  under  General  Pershing.  He  is  survived  by  his  mother,  Mrs. 
Frederica  Kraus,  five  brothers  and  one  sister.  While  in  Danvers  he 
\v:is  a  regular  attendant  at  the  Presbyterian  Sunday  school  and  church. 


EDWIN  0.  KITTERMAN 

Edwin  C.  Kitterman  was  killed  in  action  in  France  on  September 
23,  1918.  He  had  made  his  home  in  Bloomington  before  the  war.  He 
was  the  son  of  H.  C.  Kitterman  of  Elizabeth,  Ind.,  and  was  25  years  old. 
When  he  lived  in  Bloomington  he  was  employed  at  the  Alton  shops, 
and  later  with  the  Bloomington  Canning  Co.  He  went  with  the  first 
draft  contingent  from  Harrison  county,  Ind.,  and  had  been  in  France 
since  June  5,  1918.  He  was  a  member  of  the  United  Brethren  church 
in  Bloomington. 


KLINE  ALFRED  LANTZ 

Kline  Alfred  Lantz,  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Alfred 
Lantz  of  Downs,  died  of  influenza  at  Fort  Benja- 
min Harrison,  Ind.,  in  October,  1918.  He  went  out 
of  the  county  with  the  draft  contingent  of  June 
25,  to  Camp  Wheeler,  and  afterward  was  transfer- 
red to  Camp  Benjamin  Harrison.  He  was  taken 
sick  there,  and  his  body  was  taken  to  Downs  for 
burial.  He  was  born  at  Downs  May  30,  1896,  and 
was  married  November  10,  1917,  to  Miss  Florence 
Hanson  of  Joliet.  He  left  his  wife,  his  parents, 
one  brother,  Warren,  and  two  sisters,  Grace  Lantz 
and  Mrs.  Fred  Dryer  of  Downs. 


FRIDOLIN   C.   LANZER 

Fridolin  C.  Lanzcr,  son  of  Peter  Lanzer  of  Chenoa,  died  at  Camp 
Dodge,  Iowa,  on  April  10,  1918,  after  a  short  illness  with  pneumonia. 
He  was  a  wagoner  with  supply  company  of  the  349th  infantry.  He  went 
to  camp  with  the  draft  contingent  of  September,  1917.  In  January  of 
the  following  year  he  was  at  home  for  a  time  suffering  with  rheumatism, 
from  which,  however,  he  recovered  and  returned  to  camp.  He  was  born 
near  Lexington  June  30,  1895,  and  lived  there  till  his  parents  removed 


MCLI<:.\\ 


\\'.\i; 


to  Chcnoa.  He  was  the  youngest  child  of  the  family,  being  survived 
by  his  parents  and  two  brothers  and  a  sister.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
ljutliera.il  church.  The  body  was  brought  to  Chenoa,  where  a  military 
funeral  was  accorded,  all  business  houses  being  closed  during  the  ser- 
vices. The  Pontiac  military  band  played,  the  Chenoa  boy  scouts  and 
Lexington  Home  Guards  were  an  escort,  and  city  officials  attended  in 
a  body.  Shelby  C.  Small,  a  Chenoa  boy,  accompanied  the  body  home 
from  Camp  Dodge. 

LESLIE   O.   LASH 

The  second  soldier  of  McLean  county  who  gave  up  his  life  in  the  service 
was  Leslie  O.  Lash  of  Bloornington,  who  died  at  the  Walter  Hoed  hospital 
in  Was-hington  on  . January  11,  1918,  after  a  week's  illness  with  pneumonia. 
He  had  been  sick  ever  since  he  was  transferred  to  Camp  Meigs  at  Wash- 
ington, from  Jefferson  barracks,  where  he 
Avas  first  sent  after  his  enlistment  on 
December  15,  1917.  He  caught  a  cold  at 
Jefferson  barracks  because  he  was  re- 
quired to  sleep  without  ample  protection 
from  the  cold,  owing  to  the  crowded  con- 
dition of  the  barracks.  Still  suffering 
from  his  cold,  he  was  ordered  to  ('amp 
Meigs,  where  he  succumbed  to  the  attack 
of  pneumonia,  was  removed  to  the  gov- 
ernment hospital  and  died  there.  Leslie 
was  22  years  of  age,  was  lioni  in  I'.loom- 
ington  and  was  the  son  of  W.  E.  Lash, 
formerly  a  shoe  merchant  of  the  city. 
His  parents  had  died  twelve  years  before 
the  war,  and  Leslie  and  his  brothers, 
Byron  and  Kugcnc,  came  to  live  with 
their  uncle,  John  G.  Welch,  afterward 
city  commissioner  of  Bloomington.  Leslie 
graduated  from  Brown  's  business  college, 
and  for  four  years  was  bookkeeper  in  the 
offices  of  Hawks  Inc.  The  body  was 
brought  to  Bloomington,  and  the  funeral 
held  from  the  home  of  John  G.  Welch  on  January  19,  conducted  by  Hev. 
Walter  Aitken  of  Grace  Methodist  church,  of  which  Leslie  was  a  member. 
The  burial  was  at  Bloomington  cemetery. 


JENNINGS  BRYAN  MAXWELL 

Jennings  Bryan  Maxwell,  son  of  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Alf.  Maxwell  formerly  of  Mc- 
Lean, died  on  October  2,  1918,  at  Norfolk, 
Va.,  from  influenza.  He  was  sick  only 
four  days.  The  body  was  brought  to  Mc- 
Lean and  buried  from  the  home  of  his 
aunt.  Miss  Mollie  Maxwell.  Young  Max- 
well was  the  only  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  J. 
Alf.  Maxwell,  who  lived  at  McLean  in 
their  younger  days.  Shortly  after  their 
marriage,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Maxwell  moved  to 
Hudson,  later  to  Gibson  City  and  about  in 
I  it  14  to  Hillsboro,  North  Dakota,  where 
they  have  extensive  farming  interests. 
Bryan  was  born  in  Hudson  and  was  21 
years  of  age.  In  May,  1918,  he  enlisted  in 
the  navy  and  was  sent  to  Great  Lakes, 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 77 

later  going  to  the  Norfolk,  Va.,  training  station,  known  as  Camp  Perry, 
;ind  had  been  assigned  to  the  U.  S.  Richmond.  Besides  his  parents,  he  left 
live  sisters  as  follows:  Mrs.  Moss  (Jreer,  Kanawa,  Iowa;  Mrs.  Rollo 
Trice,  Kerrick,  111.;  Mrs.  Mahla  Moore,  Hillsboro,  N.  D.;  Mrs.  Mollio 
Flint,  nurse  at  Brokaw  hospital;  and  Miss  Ruth  Maxwell,  nurse  at  the 
Walter  Reed  hospital,  in  Washington,  D.  C.  The  young  man  had  ap- 
plied for  a  furlough  and  expected  to  bo  married  to  Miss  Laura  Wang, 
of  Hillsboro,  N.  D.,  on  October  20,  1918. 

OWEN   GILBERT   MEANS 

Owen  Gilbert  Means  was  the  son  of  Mrs.  Nellie 
Means  of  Bloomington.  He  enlisted  in  the  United 
States  Navy  as  Second  Class  Seaman  on  June  Kith, 
1918,  and  was  sent  to  Great  Lakes  Naval  Station 
at  Great  Lakes,  Illinois.  He  was  about  to  enter 
school  when  he  took  the  influenza  and  pneumonia 
and  died  at  Great  Lakes  September  28th,  1918.  At 
the  time  of  his  death  he  was  acting  Chief  Petty 
Officer.  He  was  18  years  and  6  months  of  age. 
Mefore  entering  the  service  he  was  an  embalmer  for 
Su inner  Goodfellow.  He  was  born  and  raised  in 
McLean  County. 

CORPORAL  CARL   E.   MILLER 

The  first  McLean  county  man  to  lose  his  life  in 
battle,  and  the  one  whose  name  put  the  first  gold 
star  in  the  flag  of  Randolph  township  and  the 
village  of  Hey  worth  was  Corporal  Carl  E.  Miller, 
whose  death  in  action  was  conveyed  in  a  message 
to  his  sister,  Miss  Florence  Miller,  on  May  18, 
1918.  The  day  following  this  message,  the  official 
casualty  list  issued  by  the  war  department  con- 
tained Corporal  Miller's  name.  Corporal  Miller 
was  a  member  of  Company  A,  1st  brigade,  machine 
gun  battalion,  of  the  l(5th  Infantry,  which  was 
part  of  the  famous  Rainbow  division.  The. date 
of  his  death  in  battle  was  officially  reported  as 
May  12.  The  body  was  buried  near  where  he  fell, 
and  his  resting  place  was  officially  recorded  by  the  war  department  as 
follows:  "Place  of  burial:  Military  Cemetery,  Broyes,  Oise,  Row  No. 
4,  grave  No.  9.  Date  of  burial,  May  13,  1918.  Chaplain,  E.  Coleman." 
Corporal  Miller  was  born  at  Heyworth  on  June  2,  1884.  He  was 
the  son  of  Erastus  Miller,  who  was  a  veteran  of  the  civil  war,  having 
served  in  the  (58th  Illinois  and  re-enlisting  in  the  94th  infantry.  His 
father  died  in  1909.  Carl  Miller  joined  the  army  in  1913;  and  served 
with  the  regulars  before  the  world  war  broke  out.  When  Gen.  Pershing 
\\.-ts  sent  to  the  Mexican  border  with  a  body  of  picked  troops,  Corporal 
Miller  was  with  one  of  these  units.  He  did  valiant  service  there.  When 
the  famous  Hainbow  division  was  organized  for  overseas  duty,  the  regi- 
ment of  which  Corporal  Miller  was  a  member  was  made  a  part  of  the 
division.  They  had  been  in  France  eight  months  before  Corp.  Miller 
met  his  death.  The  last  letter  written  by  Miller  to  his  sister,  Mrs.  Wm. 
Wilde  of  McLean,  was  dated  April  3,  in  which  he  spoke  of  France  as 
a  "land  of  sunshine  and  flowers."  Most  of  his  letters  from  France  had 
been  in  a  cheerful  vein.  There  were  four  surviving  sisters,  Mrs.  William 
Wilde  of  McLean,  and  Mrs.  William  Archer,  of  McLean,  Mrs.  Isaac 
Maxuell  and  Miss  Florence  Miller  of  Heyworth,  and  Frank  Miller  of 
Heyworth. 

A  memorial  service  for  the  soldiers  of  Randolph  township  was  held 
at   Heyworth   on  Sunday,  May  26,  in  which  special  honor  was  paid   to 


78 


Carl  Miller  as  the  first  Randolph  soldier  to  lose  his  life  in  battle.  Eev. 
O.  O.  Inman  of  Decatur  made  the  principal  address.  At  one  point  in 
the  service,  the  audience  stood  and  held  draped  handkerchiefs  in  honor 
of  Carl  Miller. 

HARRY  C.  MYERS 

Harry  C.  Myers,  son  of  Thomas 
Myers  of  McLean,  who  had  the  distinc- 
tion of  being  pronounced  a  practically 
perfect  man  physically  when  he  was 
examined  for  enlistment  in  the  U.  S. 
Marines,  lost  his  life  in  battle  in  June, 
1918,  during  the  early  drives  on  the 
western  front  in  France  in  which  the 
American  troops  took  part.  The  name 
of  young  Myers  appeared  in  the  cas- 
ualty list  of  June  21  as  seriously 
wounded,  and  a  day  or  two  later  the 
parents  at  McLean  were  informed  by 
the  war  department  of  his  death. 
Harry  Myers  was  23  years  of  age,  and 
had  worked  for  a  time  at  the  trade  of 
blacksmith.  He  enlisted  in  Peoria  in 
the  fall  of  1917  for  service  in  the 
Marine  Corps.  His  physical  examina- 
tion showed  him  to  be  possessed  of  an 

almost  perfect  physical  make-up.  He  received  his  preliminary  training 
and  was  sent  to  France  in  the  spring  of  1918,  being  assigned  to  one  of 
the  companies  of  the  famous  brigade  of  Marines  connected  with  the 
First  Division  which  took  part  in  the  actions  along  the  Marne  in  May 
and  June.  His  surviving  relatives  were  his  parents  and  a  half  sister 
in  McLean  and  one  brother,  Cecil,  who  was  in  the  army  during  the  war. 
Some  weeks  after  his  death,  the  parents  of  young  Myers  received  a 
letter  from  Norman  B.  Armstrong,  who  had  been  a  pal  of  Harry,  telling 
of  the  battle  in  which  both  were  wounded,  and  how  he  had  learned  of 
Harry's  death.  He  continued:  "He  was  a  fine,  brave  lad,  and  you 
may  well  be  proud  of  him.  It  is  hard  to  lose  him,  but  we  could  not 
ask  a  better  death.  He  did  not  only  die  for  his  country,  but  for  the 
protection  of  women  and  children  of  another  land.  The  sights  we  saw 
on  our  way  to  check  the  German  drive,  brought  tears  to  the  eyes  of 
many  a  man,  and  they  would  have  died  to  the  last  man  before  they 
would  have  given  another  inch." 

ROY  F.  MITCHELL 

One  young  soldier  from  McLean  county  gave 
up  his  life  in  preparation  for  military  duty 
even  before  the  date  when  the  United  States 
declared  war  against  Germany.  He  wras  jloy 
F.  Mitchell,  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  E,  F.  Mitchell 
of  Lexington.  This  young  man  was  a  volun- 
teer, enlisting  in  Bloomington  early  in  Jan- 
uary, 1917,  three  months  before  the  actual 
declaration  of  war.  He  started  to  Jefferson 
Barracks  on  January  5,  and  at  once  began  his 
initial  training.  He  was  taken  down  with 
pneumonia  a  few  weeks  after  he  reached  the 
Barracks,  and  died  on  February  21.  His  death 
occurred  on  the  same  day  that  his  company 
was  to  start  east  for  another  camp.  The  body 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


79 


was  brought  back  to  this  county,  and  the  funeral  was  held  at  the  Chris- 
tian church  at  Colfax  on  February  24.  Louis  Fernando  sounded  taps 
at  the  grave  and  Wesley  Downey  carried  the  flag,  both  being  former 
soldiers  of  the  Spanish  war.  Young  Mitchell  was  born  January  1,  1898, 
and  was  a  very  popular  young  man  at  Lexington.  He  had  two  brothers 
in  the  army  later,  they  being  Sergt.  Harry  L.  Mitchell  of  the  60th  regi- 
ment C.  A.  C.  and  Lieut.  Jesse  D.  Mitchell,  who  was  with  the  infantry 
in  several  camps  in  this  country.  Roy  Mitchell's  name  is  carried  on  the 
honor  roll  of  Elmo  F.  Hill  post  of  the  American  Legion  at  Lexington. 


HARVEY  C.  MISHLER 

Harvey  C.  Mishler,  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Arnold  Mishler  of  Covel,  died  in  the  Great 
Lakes  naval  training  station  on  March  5,  1919. 
He  had  been  sick  a  short  time  with  pneumonia. 
The  young  man's  father  went  to  Great  Lakes 
and  brought  the  body  home.  Young  Mishler 
had  enlisted  in  the  navy  in  June,  1918,  and 
had  spent  his  training  season  at  Great  Lakes, 
making  a  good  record  in  the  service.  The 
funeral  was  held  at  Covel.  The  young  man 
left  besides  his  parents,  the  following  brothers 
and  sisters:  Lloyd  L.  Mishler,  who  had  served 
in  the  army  and  returned  from  overseas  only 
a  short  time  before  his  brother's  death; 
Charles,  Esther,  Francis  and  Irene,  at  home. 

THOMAS  McVEY 

The  first  gold  star  in  the  service  flag  of 
St.  Patrick 's  church  in  Bloomington  was 
placed  there  for  the  death  of  Thomas  Leo 
McVey,  son  of  Mrs.  Ellen  McVey  of  1318 
West  Mulberry  street,  who  on  November  26 
received  news  of  the  death  of  her  son.  He 
died  in  a  military  hospital  in  France  from 
lobar-pneumonia,  on  November  13,  1918. 
The  mother  received  the  news  just  after  she 
had  made  inquiry  at  Eed  Cross  headquarters 
how  to  send  the  son  a  Christmas  package. 
The  manner  of  the  boy's  death  is  told  in  a 
letter  received  in  March,  1919,  by  the 
mother  from  Lieut.  Henry  H.  Brownlee  of 
Loundry  Company  C,  at  Nevers  hospital,  in 
France.  The  letter  stated  that  McVey  was 
taken  sick  October  13,  went  to  base  hospital 
No.  28  and  remained  there  until  he  died. 
The  letter  continued:  His  top  sergeant, 
Sergeant  Frank  McKane,  informs  me  that 
he  received  the  last  rites  of  the  church 
from  an  American  chaplain,  a  priest,  and 

that  he  was  buried  in  accordance  with  the  precepts  of  the  Catholic  faith. 
He  was  also  buried  with  full  military  honors  and  is  now  lying  among 
our  boys  in  the  American  cemetery  at  Niv,ers.  His  grave,  marked  by  a 
Roman  cross,  is  just  outside  of  the  city  of  Nivers.  Nivers  is  situated 
about  half  way  between  Paris  and  Lyons.  It  is  on  the  river  Loire  and 
was  one  of  the  first  centers  in  the  American  E.  F.  Thomas  McVey  was 
the  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  James  McVey,  and  was  born  May  28,  1900. 
He  left  his  mother  and  one  sister,  Nellie.  After  graduating  from  St. 
Patrick's  school  he  worked  in  the  Alton  shops  in  Bloomington.  He  en- 
listed July  4,  1918,  was  sent  to  an  automobile  mechanics'  school  at 


80 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


Washington,  and  was  sent  overseas  in  August.    The  last  letter  the  family 
received  from  him  was  in  November,   1918. 

HOMER  WARNER  MITCHELL 

Homer  Warner  Mitchell,  son  of  Isaac  T. 
Mitchell  of  Twin  Grove,  died  while  in  the 
naval  service.  His  death  occurred  on  Octo- 
ber 21,  1918,  on  the  hospital  ship,  Mercy,  off 
the  coast  of  Virginia.  Prior  to  his  being 
taken  sick,  young  Mitchell  had  been  serving 
on  the  battleship  Illinois,  where  he  had  at- 
tained the  grade  of  second  class  fireman. 
Young  Mitchell  was  born  in  Dale  township 
on  April  24,  1897.  He  grew  up  with 
his  father  on  the  farm,  his  mother  having 
died  when  Homer  was  only  nine  months 
old.  He  attended  school  in  his  home  dis- 
trict, in  Bloomington  and  at  the  Normal 
University.  He  enlisted  for  the  navy  July 
22,  1918,  and  was  first  sent  to  Great  Lakes. 
He  attained  the  grade  of  corporal  before  be- 
ing assigned  to  active  ship  duty.  He  was 
serving  well  on  the  battleship  Illinois  when 
his  fatal  illness  came  on.  Commander  W.  R. 
Webb  of  the  medical  corps  of  the  U.  S.  naval 
forces  at  Norfolk,  Va.,  in  a  letter  dated 
October  22,  writes  to  Mr.  Mitchell,  father 

of  Homer,  in  part  as  follows:  "It  is  with  deep  regret  that  I  have  to 
inform  you  of  the  death  of  your  son,  Homer,  which  occurred  on  board 
tliis  hospital  ship  at  1:35  p.  m.,  October  21,  1918.  He  was  received  as 
a  patient  from  the  U.  S.  S.  Illinois,  sick  with  bronchial  pneumonia.  *  *  * 
You  have  the  heartfelt  sympathy  of  myself  and  all  his  other  shipmates 
in  your  bereavement.  In  this  great  war  for  democracy  and  freedom, 
I  consider  it  a  glorious  privilege  which  you  have  had  to  give  a  son 
for  our  country,  for  your  son  has  given  his  life  for  his  country  just  as 
surely  as  though  he  had  died  on  the  field  of  battle.  I  know  you  are 
proud  of  this  privilege,  and  I  envy  you. ' '  The  body  was  brought  home 
for  burial,  the  funeral  being  held  at  the  West  Twin  Grove  cemetery 
on  October  29.  He  left  his  father  and  two  brothers,  Herman  Park 
Mitchell  and  Harvey  Elder  Mitchell,  both  living  in  this  county,  and  one 
sister,  Mrs.  Beulah  Pearl  Schantz  living  in  California. 

DAVID  THOMAS  MORGAN 

Among  the  hundreds  of  American  boys 
who  gave  up  their  lives  in  the  drive  of 
the  U.  S.  forces  in  the  great  battles  of  the 
Marne  in  June,  1918,  was  David  Thomas 
Morgan,  son  of  John  P.  Morgan  of  401 
Fifer  street,  Bloomington.  This  young 
man,  scarcely  more  than  17  years  of  age, 
fell  in  battle  while  fighting  with  the  heroes 
of  the  Marine  Corps  which  stopped  the 
German  drive  for  Paris.  The  great  on- 
slaught of  the  first  week  of  June  was  over 
and  the  second  phase  of  the  battle  in 
progress,  when  on  the  afternoon  of  the 
13th,  young  Morgan,  holding  a  front  line 
position,  armed  with  his  automatic  rifle, 
was  hit  by  a  German  shell  and  instantly 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 81 

killed.  He  was  buried  on  the  14th  near  the  spot  where  he  fell.  The 
official  word  as  to  his  burial  place  said  that  it  was  on  "Hill  181,  North 
of  Lucy  de  Borage  Mauex,  Map  49."  Young  Morgan  was  in  the  76th 
Company,  Sixth  regiment,  U.  S.  Marine  Corps,  part  of  the  First  Di- 
vision. His  brother,  William  John  Morgan,  member  of  the  same  com- 
pany, was  wounded  in  the  same  drive,  and  did  not  learn  of  David's 
death  until  July  25.  David  Thomas  Morgan  was  born  in  Bloomington, 
attended  Edwards  school,  and  had  started  to  learn  the  trade  of  a  boiler- 
maker  at  the  Alton  shops  prior  to  the  time  of  his  enlistment.  He  was 
visiting  his  aunt  at  Staunton,  111.,  when  he  and  his  brother,  William, 
enlisted  with  the  Marine  Corps  in  1917.  It  was  several  months  later, 
while  they  were  in  training  at  Paris  Island,  that  his  father  learned 
of  the  boys'  enlistment.  Letters  received  from  David  early  in  his  ser- 
vice in  France  told  of  his  having  taken  out  $10,000  insurance  in  favor 
of  his  father.  Speaking  of  the  boy's  death,  Lieut.  Clyde  E..  Murray, 
writing  to  the  father,  said  that  ' '  exposed  to  the  most  concentrated  shell 
fire  the  world  had  ever  known  for  several  hours,  he  displayed  the  spirit 
and  courage  found  only  in  great  soldiers. ' '  Prior  to  the  time  of  his 
death,  Morgan's  company  had  already  captured  three  machine  guns  and 
turned  them  on  the  enemy.  The  brother,  William,  was  in  the  hospital 
in  France  for  many  months  recovering  from  his  wounds,  and  came  home 
in  the  summer  of  1919  for  his  first  leave.  Bloomington  Post  of  World 
War  Veterans  bears  his  name. 

ERWIN   P.   MARTENSEN 

Private  Erwin  P.  Martensen  was  one  of 
the  McLean  county  boys  who  lost  his  life 
in  battle  with  the  Germans  during  the  days 
of  the  early  summer  of  1918  when  the 
American  forces  stopped  the  rush  on  Paris. 
Young  Martensen  was  a  soldier  of  Company 
A  of  the  Seventh  infantry,  part  of  the  Sec- 
ond Division,  which  took  part  in  the  actions 
around  Chateau  Thierry.  On  the  morning 
of  June  21,  after  the  Marines  and  the  13th 
and  14th  infantry  had  stopped  the  rush  of 
the  Germans,  orders  came  for  Company  A 
to  clean  out  a  certain  German  machine  gun 
nest  in  Belleau  Wood.  This  particular  ac- 
tion lasted  only  twenty  minutes,  but  how 
hard  fought  and  bloody  it  was,  is  indicated 
by  the  fact  that  in  that  short  period  120 
American  boys  were  killed  or  wounded. 
Young  Martensen  was  one  of  those  who  fell 
mortally  wounded  and  died  on  the  field  of 
honor.  Erwin  Martensen  was  born  at  An- 
chor September  15,  1895,  and  spent  practi- 
cally all  his  life  in  that  place.  He  enlisted  in  Bloomington  December 
11,  1917,  and  was  sent  to  Jefferson  Barracks  and  then  to  Camp  Grant. 
Later  he  spent  some  time  at  Camp  Hancock,  Augusta,  Ga.,  and  at  Camp 
Merritt,  N.  J.  At  the  last  camp  he  was  transferred  from  the  aviation 
service,  in  which  he  had  enlisted,  to  the  infantry.  He  sailed  for  France 
April  15,  1918.  Owing  to  the  censorship,  his  people  here  did  not  learn 
much  of  his  movements  or  whereabouts  in  France  prior  to  the  date  of 
the  battle  in  which  he  lost  his  life.  His  body  was  no  doubt  buried 
on  the  field  where  he  fell.  Anchor  post  of  the  American  Legion  bears 
Martensen 's  name. 

GLEN   MARTIN 

Glen  Martin,  who  lived  in  Heyworth  for  many  years,  but  went  into 
the  service  from  Council  Bluffs,  Iowa,  died  in  France  October  4,  1918, 
according  to  information  coming  to  his  grandparents,  Mr.  and  Mrs. 


82 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 


William  Cunningham  of  Heyworth.  Glen  Martin  was  22  years  of  age. 
After  he  went  into  the  service,  he  was  first  stationed  at  Mt.  Clemens, 
Mich.,  then  in  a  Texas  camp  and  had  been  in  France  several  months 
before  his  death  occurred.  He  left  his  grandparents,  his  father  living 
at  Council  Bluffs  and  two  brothers,  Earl  and  Nile,  both  in  the  army 
during  the  war. 

EUGENE  MCCARTHY 

Eugene  McCarthy,  son  of  Maurice  C.  McCarthy  of  Bloomington,  was 
one  of  the  victims  of  the  influenza  in  the  epidemic  which  swept  over  the 
country  in  the  fall  of  1918.  Eugene  was  in  the  naval  service,  and  was 
at  the  Great  Lakes  training  station  when  he  was  taken  sick.  After  be- 
coming very  critical,  Eugene  seemed  to 
rally,  and  his  father,  who  had  been  with 
him  at  the  station,  returned  home, 
thinking  that  the  son  was  on  the  road 
to  recovery.  After  reaching  home  he 
received  a  message  that  the  boy  had 
suffered  a  relapse,  and  the  next  day 
death  came,  after  the  father  had  re- 
turned to  be  with  him.  The  young  man 
was  working  hard  with  his  training, 
and  had  ambitions  to  rise  in  the  service 
by  special  preparation.  Eugene  Mc- 
Carthy was  born  in  Bloomington  on 
March  14,  1900.  He  lived  here  all  his 
life  up  to  the  time  he  entered  the  ser- 
vice. Two  years  prior  to  enlisting  he 
had  worked  for  J.  F.  Humphreys  &  Co., 
and  for  the  Alton  offices.  He  was  mod- 
est, quiet  and  efficient  and  gave  promise 
of  a  successful  career.  His  education  was 
received  at  St.  Mary 's  grade  school  and 

high  school.     He  left  his  father     and  one  brother,  John  and  one  sister, 
Elizabeth. 

CLYDE   ROBERT  MILLER 

Clyde  Robert  Miller  of  Danvers  was 
a  victim  of  the  influenza,  that  disease 
having  caused  his  death  at  Camp  Grant 
on  October  9,  1918.  He  had  been  sick 
for  less  than  two  weeks,  having  been 
taken  down  on  September  30.  The  body 
was  brought  home  for  burial,  and  the 
funeral  was  held  on  October  13  at  the 
home  of  a  sister,  Mrs.  Roy  Musselman 
at  Danvers.  Rev.  J.  H.  King  had 
charge  of  the  services.  The  pallbearers 
were  Irvin  Miller,  Frank  Cook,  Paul 
Harmon,  W.  Schwiemann,  and  Valen- 
tine Strubhar.  Clyde  Robert  Miller  was 
born  on  a  farm  near  Normal  on  Octo- 
ber 22,  1895,  and  was  the  son  of  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  G.  M.  Miller.  Later  the  fam- 
ily moved  to  Atkinson,  111.,  where  the 
young  man  was  assisting  his  father 
operate  a  500  acre  farm  before  he  went 
into  the  service.  He  enlisted  for  the 
army  on  July  10  and  was  sent  to  Camp 
Grant,  where  he  had  taken  only  a  short 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


83 


period  of  his  training  when  the  fatal  disease  struck  him  down.  The 
burial  took  place  at  the  Park  Lawn  cemetery  at  Danvers. 

EDWARD  MADDOCK 

Edward  Haddock  died  of  pneumonia 
in  a  hospital  in  France,  according  to 
the  news  received  by  his  mother,  Mrs. 
G.  W.  Shell,  who  lived  on  the  Bentown 
road  nine  miles  east  of  Bloomington 
on  November  23,  1918.  Young  Mad- 
dock  was  born  and  reared  here,  but  for 
five  years  resided  at  Hazelton,  la.  He 
left  with  an  Iowa  contingent  May  10, 
1918,  and  was  sent  to  Jefferson  Bar- 
racks and  thence  to  Waco,  Tex.  He  re- 
ceived a  number  of  minor  injuries  when 
the  troop  train  on  which  he  was  a  pas- 
senger was  wrecked  at  Sedalia.  After 
a  short  stay  at  Camp  Merritt,  N.  J., 
he  sailed  for  overseas  August  17.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  34th  Infantry. 
Young  Maddock  was  born  in  McLean 
coupty  May  30,  1893.  After  the  death 
of  his  father  in  1895  he  lived  with  his 
grandparents,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Fred 
Schultz,  who  resided  near  Six  Points. 
They  later  moved  to  Merna.  Young 
Maddock  was  married  December  28, 
1914,  to  Mabel  Klawitter,  who  died 
three  months  after  their  marriage.  He 

married  Cora  Clark  December  19,  1917.  Besides  his  wife  he  left  an 
infant  daughter,  his  grandparents,  mother  and  several  brothers  and 
sisters. 

GRANT  E.  METCALF 

George  E.  Metcalf,  who  lives  on  rural  route  3  out  of  Bloomington, 
received  word  on  October  17,  1918,  that  his  brother,  Grant  E.  Metcalf, 
had  died  September  20  from  wounds  received  in  action  in  France.  The 
last  letter  received  by  his  relatives  was  written  on  September  12,  at 
which  time  Grant  spoke  of  being  in  an  extremely  dangerous  position 
at  the  front  with  a  machine  gun  unit.  Grant  had  developed  ability  as 
a  crack  rifle  shot,  having  made  a  fine  record  as  a  marksman  at  Camp 
Grant  and  Camp  Funston.  The  body  was  buried  in  France  near  where 
he  fell.  Grant  E.  Metcalf  was  born  September  12,  1889.  He  was  at 
Tampico,  111.,  when  he  went  into  the  service  leaving  for  the  army  April 
25,  1918,  first  to  Camp  Grant,  and  then  to  Camp  Funston.  Within  two 
months  from  the  time  when  he  entered  the  service,  he  was  sent  overseas 
with  an  infantry  regiment.  He  left  surviving  his  aged  parents  at 
Tampico,  three  brothers  and  three  sisters. 

ULYSSES  MILLER 

Ulysses  Miller,  who  for  several  years  worked  on  the  farm  of  J.  H. 
Cheney  near  Ellsworth,  was  killed  in  action  on  the  western  front  in 
France  on  October  20,  1918,  according  to  word  received  by  his  relatives 
in  Kentucky,  and  passed  on  to  his  friends  and  former  employer  in  this 
county.  Young  Miller  belonged  to  a  Kentucky  regiment.  He  left  Ells- 
worth in  the  spring  of  1918  for  his  home  in  Kentucky,  where  he  was 
registered,  and  entered  the  service,  sailing  for  France  August  7.  Let- 
ters from  him  expressed  his  enthusiastic  belief  that  the  war  would  soon 


84 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


be  over  and  that  he  hoped  to  be  home  by  Christmas.     During  his  resi- 
dence near  Ellsworth  young  Miller  made  a  wide  circle  of  friends. 

LIEUT.  J.  F.  McDAVID 

Lieut.  Joel  F.  McDavid  of  Decatur  was  killed  in  an  aeroplane  acci- 
dent in  France  October  12,  1918.  Lieut.  McDavid  was  27  years  of  age. 
He  formerly  lived  at  Lincoln  before  going  to  Decatur.  He  was  engaged 
to  be  married  to  Miss  Gladys  Collins  of  Bloomington. 


Thomas  Montgomery,  nephew  of  Dr.  A.  L.  Chapman  of  Carlock,  died 
from  pneumonia  in  France  on  September  5,  1918.  He  was  the  son  of 
James  Montgomery,  and  went  into  the  service  from  Newcomerstown, 
Ohio.  He  had  many  relatives  and  acquaintances  in  McLean  county. 

ARTHUR  NIEDERMEYER 

Arthur  Niedermeyer,  whose  home  was  in 
Decatur,  but  who  had  relatives  here  and  who 
attended  the  Normal  university,  was  one  of 
the  many  victims  of  pneumonia  resulting 
from  the  crowded  conditions  at  Jefferson 
barracks  in  the  winter  of  1917-18.  He  died 
on  January  22,  but  his  parents  did  not  hear 
of  it  until  thirty-six  hours  after  it  occurred. 
Word  of  his  death  came  to  his  uncle,  Charles 
Niedermeyer  of  503  West  Front  street.  He 
died  at  the  aviation  camp  at  San  Antonio, 
Texas,  as  the  result  of  a  cold  he  contracted 
at  Jefferson  barracks.  He  was  born  April  4, 
1890,  being  the  son  of  William  Niedermeyer. 
He  was  educated  in  Decatur  and  graduated 
from  Millikin  before  attending  the  Normal 
university  to  fit  himself  for  teaching.  He 
was  a  prominent  member  of  the  T.  K.  E.  fraternity.  He  had  been  superin- 
tendent of  the  schools  in  Greenville  before  going  into  the  army.  He 
belonged  to  the  German  M.  E.  church.  Eelatives  from  Bloomington 
attended  the  funeral  in  Decatur. 

CHARLES   E.   NELSON 

Corporal  Charles  E.  Nelson,  son  of  Fred  Nelson, 
who  lived  most  of  his  life  in  LeBoy,  was  the  victim 
of  a  fatal  accident  while  in  active  service  at  the 
front  in  the  battle  lines  in  France  on  September 
12,  1918.  It  was  just  after  he  had  gotten  out  of  the 
hospital,  where  he  had  been  for  several  weeks  to 
recover  from  a  wound  which  he  had  received  in  a 
previous  battle.  Nelson  was  a  motorcycle  dispatch 
rider,  and  while  in  the  St.  Mihiel  drive  he  had  been 
entrusted  with  carrying  an  important  message  to 
the  front.  According  to  a  letter  from  Corp.  Hite 
of  the  same  company,  written  to  Nelson's  relatives, 
Nelson  was  missed  after  he  had  been  gone  for  some 
time,  and  when  found  he  had  been  fatally  hurt  by 
an  accident  to  his  motorcycle.  He  never  regained 
consciousness,  and  died  in  a  short  time.  Corp.  Nel- 
son was  born  near  Ellsworth  on  November  13,  1895. 
His  parents  lived  at  LeEoy  for  many  years,  but 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    H'ORLD    WAR 


85 


they  moved  to  Michigan  a  year  before  the  war.  Charles  enlisted  at 
Billings,  Mont.,  August  22,  1917,  and  was  assigned  to  the  signal  corps 
of  the  aviation  service.  He  and  his  brother  Albert  together  went  to 
Kelly  Field  and  joined  the  130th  aero  squadron.  Later  they  were  sep- 
arated, Charles  being  sent  to  the  116th  squadron,  which  sailed  for  France 
November  7,  by  way  of  Halifax.  On  arrival  in  France,  Charles  was 
assigned  to  the  motorcycle  dispatch  headquarters  detachment  air  service, 
First  army.  In  July,  1918,  he  was  wounded,  having  his  shoulder  frac- 
tured and  a  Avound  over  the  eye.  He  was  in  the  hospital  for  seven 
weeks.  The  last  letter  from  him  was  dated  September  9,  stating  he  had 
secured  leave.  The  next  news  wras  a  telegram  from  the  war  department 
on  November  1(5  stating  that  he  had  died  of  accident  September  12.  His 
parents,  three  brother  and  two  sisters  survive.  Charles  was  21  years  old. 

RUEL  NEAL 

Euel  Neal,  oldest  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Claude  Neal,  was  the  first  young  man  from 
LeRoy  to  lose  his  life  in  the  war,  and  in 
recognition  of  that  fact  when  the  LeRoy 
post  of  the  American  Legion,  composed  of 
world  war  veterans  was  organized,  it  was 
named  Ruel  Neal  post  in  his  honor.  Neal 
went  out  of  this  county  with  the  first  con- 
tingent of  drafted  men  on  September  19, 
1917.  He  went  to  Camp  Dodge,  being  as- 
signed to  Company  G  349th  infantry,  where 
he  remained  until  October  1,  when  he  was 
transferred  to  Camp  Logan,  at  Houston, 
Texas,  to  Co.  A,  131st  infantry.  On  May 
22,  1918,  he  embarked  from  Camp  Upton  to 
France.  He  got  to  the  front  and  was  in  his 
first  battle  on  July  4.  In  his  second  en- 
gagement, August  9,  he  was  hit  in  the  shoul- 
der with  a  machine  gun  bullet  and  went  to 
a  hospital.  There  he  remained  until  Sep- 
tember, when  he  returned  to  his  company,  and  on  October  2  in  a  front 
trench  on  the  Meuse  he  received  his  fatal  wound.  The  last  letter  which 
the  parents  received  from  him  was  written  on  September  23.  Neal  was 
killed  by  a  German  shell  which  came  thru  the  dugout  in  which  he  and  a 
comrade  were  sheltered  in  the  front  line  trenches.  In  a  letter  written  to 
the  father  by  Charles  F.  Kennedy  of  Beardstown  in  April,  1919,  Mr. 
Kennedy  quotes  a  letter  he  had  received  from  his  son,  Lester,  who  was 
the  buddy  of  Ruel  Neal  at  the  front.  Lester  Kennedy  speaks  of  Neal 
as  a  model  soldier,  who  never  missed  a  drill  and  never  had  a  kick.  He 
says  of  him  in  the  hospital:  "We  were  both  in  the  same  ward,  and  one 
day  our  doctor  told  us  we  were  going  to  England  to  a  big  hospital  in 
London.  But  Neal  said:  'No,  sir,  my  place  is  at  the  front  with  my 
company,  and  I  won't  go  to  England.'  So  Neal  went  back  to  the  front 
and  I  was  taken  to  England.  That  was  the  last  time  I  saw  my  good 
pal,  and  the  other  day  I  met  an  officer  from  my  company  and  asked  him 
about  Neal.  He  said  Neal  was  in  a  dug-out  which  had  a  very  thin  top 
and  a  Nine-Point-Five  came  thru  the  top  and  got  Neal  and  the  other 
man  with  him.  He  said  all  the  boys  hated  to  lose  Neal,  for  he  was  a 
fine  soldier.  He  died  with  his  boots  on  and  for  his  country."  Ruel  Neal 
was  born  at  LeRoy  September  7,  1895.  He  grew  up  there  and  was  edu- 
cated in  the  grade  and  high  school.  He  joined  the  Methodist  church 
when  he  was  16  years  of  age.  He  left  his  parents  and  one  sister,  Opal, 
and  two  brothers,  Burt  and  Marvin,  the  latter  having  served  in  the  navy 
during  the  war.  Memorial  services  for  Neal  were  held  in  LeRoy  a  few 
weeks  after  his  death. 


86 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 


command   next   morning. 


SERGT.  WAYNE  NEWCOMB 

Sergt.  Wayne  Newcomb  of  Company  M, 
139th  infantry,  died  of  pneumonia  while  with 
x  the  army  of  occupation  in  Germany,  the  dis- 
ease being  due  in  fact  to  the  effect  of  a  wound 
which  he  received  in  the  final  fighting  just 
prior  to  the  signing  of  the  armistice.  Young 
Newcomb  was  a  son  of  Charles  Newcomb  of 
Gibson,  and  nephew  of  E.  H.  Newcomb  of 
Saybrook,  with  whom  he  had  spent  much  of 
his  time  when  a  growing  boy.  Sergt.  New- 
comb  was  wounded  when  leading  his  platoon 
against  a  German  machine  gun  nest  on  Sep- 
tember 29.  He  refused  to  go  to  the  hospital 
after  he  was  wounded,  remaining  in  command 
of  his  platoon,  and  thus  setting  an  example 
of  courage  for  his  men.  After  having  his 
wound  dressed  that  night  he  returned  to  the 
In  a  letter  received  by  his  uncle  after  the 

armistice,  Wayne  wrote  as  follows  of  the  incident:  "We  went  over 
the  top  about  5:30  September  26  and  our  battle  lasted  until  October  2. 
I  was  slightly  wounded  September  29,  but  not  bad  enough  to  hurt  me 
much.  I  have  a  scar  on  my  jaw,  but  am  sure  proud  of  it.  After  we 
came  out  most  of  us  were  in  a  weakened  condition,  but  soon  recovered, 
and  when  the  armistice  was  signed  we  were  just  ready  to  go  over  the 
top  again.  We  would  have  gone  in  the  next  day,  as  we  were  just  behind 
the  lines  and  ready  to  leave  our  packs."  Sergt.  Newcomb  died  December 
21  in  base  hospital  87.  Lobar  pneumonia  was  officially  given  as  cause 
of  death.  His  body  was  buried  at  Toul,  France,  in  the  TJ.  S.  cemetery. 

JOHN  LINCOLN  NORTH 

On  October  13,  1918,  death  came 
to  John  Lincoln  North,  son  of  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  William  H.  North  of  Grid- 
ley  township.  The  young  man  died 
of  pneumonia  following  influenza  at 
Camp  Mills.  When  his  father  heard 
of  his  serious  sickness  he  hastened  to 
New  York,  but  arrived  at  the  base 
hospital  just  after  his  son  had  passed 
away.  The  body  was  brought  to  the 
home  for  burial,  and  funeral  services 
were  held  and  the  interment  took 
place  at  El  Paso  cemetery.  John 
Lincoln  North  was  born  in  Gridley 
township  on  February  6,  1891.  He 
was  one  of  six  children,  and  the  third 
son  to  die.  He  was  called  to  the 
colors  with  McLean  county's  largest 
draft  contingent  on  June  25,  1918. 
He  spent  the  summer  months  at 
Camp  Wheeler,  where  he  received 
preliminary  training.  He  was  with 
Co.  C,  124th  infantry,  part  of  the 
31st  division.  He  was  at  Camp  Mills 
all  equipped  for  starting  overseas 
when  he  fell  a  victim  to  the  fatal 
influenza.  He  wrote  his  last  letter  to  his  parents  when  his  hand  was 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOKLD    WAS 87 

trembling  with  weakness  from  the  fatal  disease.  He  left  his  parents, 
two  brothers  and  one  sister  surviving.  His  sister  was  Mrs.  Ralph  Scho- 
field,  Paul,  a  brother,  was  in  the  army  at  Camp  Grant  when  John  died. 
The  other  brother  was  Ralph,  at  home.  Owing  to  the  number  of  deaths 
at  the  camp,  it  was  nearly  a  week  from  the  date  of  his  death  until  the 
body  of  Private  North  arrived  home,  being  accompanied  by  Private 
Brumbach,  a  comrade.  The  funeral  services  were  held  on  Sunday,  Oct. 
20,  and  were  private  owing  to  health  restrictions  by  the  state  board. 
Rev.  S.  S.  Cryor  was  in  charge,  and  the  Lexington  Home  Guards  attended 
as  escort,  and  fired  the  last  salute  over  the  grave.  The  casket  was 
covered  with  the  national  flag  when  lowered  into  the  grave  to  the  sound 
of  "taps."  The  pallbearers  were  Private  Brumbach,  Claud  North,  Mont 
North,  Louis  Wadsworth,  Ralph  Gibbs  and  Max  Smith  and  Merle  North. 

FRED  O'CONNOR 

Fred  O'Connor,  a  Bloomington  man,  died  from  the  influenza  at 
Camp  Grant  on  October  8,  1918,  after  an  illness  of  about  a  week.  His 
brother-in-law,  Harry  Radford,  was  with  him  at  the  end,  having  been 
summoned  a  few  days  prior  to  Fred's  death.  Fred  O'Connor  was  a 
son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Patrick  O  'Connor  of  Bloomington  and  was  born  in 
this  city  in  1892.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  and  after  he 
was  ready  to  begin  life  for  himself  he  went  to  work  in  the  Holland 
bottling  works,  where  he  was  employed  for  some  years.  He  left  his 
father  and  one  brother  and  five  sisters.  His  mother  died  in  1917,  and 
one  brother,  Jack,  died  only  a  few  months  prior  to  Fred's  death.  Fred 
was  a  member  of  Holy  Trinity  church  and  of  the  Order  of  Eagles.  The 
body  was  brought  to  Bloomington  for  burial. 

HENRY  PECKMANN 

Henry  Peckmann  was  one  of  the  Bloomington  men  who  gave  up  his 
life  in  the  service,  although  he  was  not  actually  engaged  as  a  fighting 
man.  He  volunteered  for  work  in  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  with  the  army,  and 
while  serving  as  such  was  taken  sick  at  Camp  Funston  and  died  on 
October  8,  1918.  He  was  the  son  of  Mrs.  Sarah  Peckmann  of  1018 
South  Main  street.  While  teaching  in  the  high  school  at  Elgin,  in 
April,  1918,  he  volunteered  his  service  as  a  Y.  M.  C.  A.  secretary  and 
was  accepted  and  sent  to  Camp  Funston.  Henry  Peckmann  was  born 
in  Bloomington  on  November  12,  1882.  He  was  the  son  of  Frank  Peck- 
mann, who  died  in  1893.  Henry  was  educated  in  the  city  schools  and 
at  the  Wesleyan  university.  He  then  took  up  the  vocation  of  teaching 
and  held  positions  at  Beardstown,  Marengo  and  at  Elgin.  He  was  very 
popular  at  Elgin,  and  the  student  body  passed  resolutions  on  his  death. 
Besides  his  mother  Mr.  Peckmann  was  survived  by  three  brothers  and 
two  sisters  as  follows:  Mrs.  Otto  Lipp  and  Mrs.  William  Agle,  both  of 
this  city;  Frank  of  Denver,  Colo.;  Herman,  living  at  home,  and  Charles 
of  South  Center  street.  Henry  was  a  member  of  the  First  Methodist 
church  in  Bloomington.  The  body  was  brought  to  Bloomington,  and 
funeral  services  with  military  honors  were  held  at  the  First  Methodist. 
The  body  was  buried  in  the  Bloomington  cemetery. 

CLARENCE  EARL  PATTERSON 

After  having  spent  only  one  month  in  the  service,  death  claimed 
Clarence  Earl  Patterson,  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  A.  F.  Patterson,  of  1304 
North  Oak  street,  Bloomington,  on  October  2,  1918.  He  died  at  Camp 
Grant  from  influenza,  which  was  at  that  time  epidemic  at  the  camp. 
His  parents  survived,  and  also  one  sister,  who  was  a  teacher  in  Towanda 
at  the  time  of  his  death.  The  body  of  the  young  soldier  was  brought 


88   McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

to  Bloomington  and  buried  with  full  military  honors  on  October  8.  The 
funeral  services  were  held  from  the  home  of  the  parents,  conducted  by 
Eev.  W.  D.  Deweese.  Company  M  furnished  an  escort  and  a  firing  squad. 
The  burial  took  place  in  Park  Hill  cemetery. 


SERGT.  LESLIE  G.  PFIFFNER 

One  of  the  McLean  county  boys  who 
went  out  with  old  Company  D  of  the 
Illinois  National  Guard,  to  lose  his  life 
in  battle  was  Sergt.  Leslie  G.  Pfiffner, 
whose  home  was  on  Franklin  avenue, 
Normal.  Sergt.  Pfiffner  was  with  Com- 
pany B  of  the  124th  machine  gun  bat- 
talion of  the  33rd  division  when  the 
division  made  its  drive  in  conjunction 
with  the  French  in  Verdun  sector  on 
September  26,  1918.  He  was  caught  by 
a  machine  gun  bullet  as  the  company 
advanced,  and  died  on  the  field  where 
he  fell.  On  the  day  when  Leslie  fell, 
it  was  said  that  the  Allied  forces  of 
this  sector  lost  30,000  men.  Company 
B's  advance  lay  over  very  rough  and 
partially  wooded  country,  in  a  heavy 

fog.  However,  they  reached  their  ob- 
jective by  11  a.  m.,  the  company  having 
lost  three  killed  and  seven  wounded. 

Leslie  fell  in  the  charge  on  Forges  Wood.  The  body  was  buried  at 
Glorioux.  Young  Pfiffner  enlisted  in  Company  D,  Fifth  Illinois,  on  May 
5,  1917.  Joined  the  company  at  Quincy  the  next  day,  and  served  with 
the  company  on  guard  duty  at  East  Hannibal  until  transferred  to 
Quincy,  where  the  regiment  remained  until  August,  when  they  were 
sent  to  Camp  Logan,  Texas.  Here  the  regiment  was  merged  with  the 
33rd  division,  the  company  becoming  Company  B  of  the  124th  machine 
gun  battalion.  Young  Pfiffner  was  a  son  of  Mrs.  Lucy  Stewart  and  was 
a  nephew  of  County  Supt.  B.  C.  Moore.  He  left  one  brother,  Floyd,  who 
at  the  time  of  Leslie's  death  was  a  first  class  yeoman  at  Great  Lakes. 


FRANK  PALERAN 

Frank  Paleran  died  at  the  naval  training  station  at  San  Diego, 
Calif.,  on  February  14,  1918,  from  pneumonia.  He  was  a  step-son  of 
E.  L.  Foreman  of  East  Wood  street,  Bloomington.  The  family  removed 
to  Los  Angeles  about  1913.  The  star  representing  Frank  Paleran  was 
on  the  service  flag  of  Emerson  school,  Bloomington. 

WILLIAM  ROBERT  PATTON 

William  Robert  Patton,  son  of  Robert  F.  Patton,  who  lived  in  Lawn- 
dale  township  for  several  years,  was  killed  in  battle  in  France  on  Octo- 
ber 11,  1918.  He  was  23  years  of  age.  The  Patton  family  moved  to 
Rochelle,  111.,  before  the  war,  and  the  young  man  went  out  of  that  place 
into  the  army.  Another  son,  John  Irving,  was  wounded  and  was  in  a 
hospital  in  France  for  many  months. 


BUD  PETERSON 

Miss  Ida  Young  of  Bloomington  received  word  on  October  9,  1918, 
of  the  death  of  her  brother,  Bud  Peterson,  which  occurred  at  Camp 
Custer  as  the  result  of  pneumonia.  Young  Peterson  was  born  in  Bloom- 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


89 


ington  on  October  23,  1891,  and  lived  here  until  the  death  of  his  parents, 
when  he  removed  to  Streator,  from  which  place  he  entered  the  service. 
He  had  visited  in  Bloomington  two  weeks  before  he  died.  His  surviving 
relatives  were  his  sister  in  Bloomington  and  two  other  sisters  living  in 
Champaign. 

CAPT.  HUGH  MITCHELL  PRICE 

In  the  death  of  Capt.  Hugh  Mitchell  Price,  which  occurred  as  the  re- 
sult of  an  accident,  a  former  McLean  county  man  gave  up  his  life  for  his 
country.  Capt.  Price,  who  was  serving  with  a  regiment  of  Engineers  at 
Newport  News,  Va.,  died  in  a  military  hospital  there  on  November  4,  1918. 
He  had  been  confined  to  the  hospital  as  the  result  of  an  automobile  accident 
in  which  he  had  received  injuries  in  the  pre- 
ceding August.  The  accident  was  due  to  a 
broken  steering  gear.  Relatives  here  were  not 
aware  of  the  serious  nature  of  his  injuries  un- 
til a  few  days  before  his  death.  Capt.  Price 
was  a  nephew  of  Mrs.  M.  L.  Christian  and  E. 
B.  Mitchell  of  Bloomington.  He  lived  here 
in  his  boyhood,  making  his  home  at  Danvers. 
Afterward  he  graduated  in  the  civil  engineer- 
ing course  at  the  University  of  Illinois.  Soon 
after  America  entered  the  war,  he  volunteered 
his  services  and  was  accepted  with  a  regiment 
of  engineers.  For  several  months  prior  to  his 
death  was  in  charge  of  a  large  government 
construction  project  at  Pig  Point,  Va.  The 
body  was  brought  to  Bloomington,  and  the 
funeral  held  on  November  8  at  the  home  of 
Mrs.  M.  L.  Christian,  services  being  in  charge 
of  Rev.  William  Baker.  Mrs.  Price  and  a 
sister,  Miss  Helen  Price,  accompanied  the  body 
to  Bloomington.  A  squad  from  Company  M 

furnished  the  escort  of  honor  and  fired  the  salute  over  the  grave.  The  flag 
draped  over  the  casket  was  one  sent  from  Newport  News.  Capt.  Price 
was  the  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Edward  L.  Price,  who  died  about  twenty 
years  ago,  and  grandson  of  Ebenezer  B.  Mitchell,  one  of  the  pioneers 
of  McLean  county. 

CHARLES  PAINTER 

Word  was  received  in  Bloomington  on  October  6,  1918,  that  Charles 
Painter  had  died  in  France  from  wounds  received  in  battle  on  September 
6.  Young  Painter  had  formerly  been  a  fireman  on  the  Alton  railroad, 
and  he  left  the  city  with  the  draft  contingent  of  April,  1918.  He  had 
been  sent  to  Camp  Dodge,  then  to  Texas,  and  then  to  France.  In  De- 
cember, 1917,  he  was  married  to  Miss  Mary  Irvin,  who  survived  him. 
His  body  was  buried  with  due  honors  by  his  comrades  near  the  point 
whero  ho  died. 

HARRY  PIETSCH 

After  only  one  month  of  military  service,  Harry  Pietsch  gave  up 
his  life  as  a  victim  of  influenza  at  Camp  Grant,  on  October  2,  1918.  His 
mother,  Mrs.  Minnie  Pietsch,  hastened  to  the  camp  and  was  near  him 
when  he  died.  Harry  left  Bloomington  in  September  with  a  contingent 
of  special  service  men.  Harry  Pietsch  was  born  in  Bloomington  April 
19,  1892,  and  grew  up  in  his  home  city.  He  was  serving  as  a  member 
of  the  city  fire  department  prior  to  going  into  the  army,  being  stationed 
at  engine  house  No.  4  on  South  Main  street.  He  was  the  son  of  Henry 


90 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


Pietsch,  who  died  some  years  prior  to  the  war.  His  mother  and  one 
sister  and  three  brothers  were  left,  one  brother,  Edward,  being  at  Great 
Lakes  when  Harry  died.  The  body  was  brought  to  Bloomington  for 
burial  and  funeral  services  were  held  at  St.  Mary's  Catholic  church,  of 
which  he  had  been  a  member.  Memorial  services  for  him  were  afterward 
held. 

WILLARD  PIERSON 

One  of  the  first  gold  stars  which  blossomed  in  the  service  flag  of  the 
Chicago  &  Alton  shops  was  that  for  Willard  Pierson,  who  died  in  a  mili- 
tary hospital  in  France  on  October  12,  1918,  from  an  attack  of  pneumonia. 
He  left  the  employ  of  the  Alton  shops  in  June,  1918,  and  was  sent  to 

France  with  a  regiment  of  engineers.     He 

^ ^__ _ —       was  sick  several  days,  and  Mrs.  Pierson,  his 

mother  received  a  letter  the  latter  part  of 
November  from  Chaplain  Lee  who  attended 
him  on  the  final  days  before  his  death.  The 
chaplain  told  of  the  funeral  in  which  full 
military  honors  were  paid  to  the  soldier,  and 
the  pallbearers  were  boys  who  had  formerly 
worked  with  him  in  the  Alton  shops  here. 
They  were  Joe  Murray,  J.  Rebmann,  Howard 
Corey,  H.  Jones,  J.  Holland,  and  Harry 
Mnrquardt.  The  body  was  laid  to  rest  in 
the  American  section  of  the  cemetery  at  La 
Koehelle,  France. 

Willard  Pierson  was  the  son  of  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Peter' Pierson  of  114  Stevenson  street, 
Bloomington.  He  left  his  parents  and  two 
sisters,  Mabel  and  Yarda.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Swedish  Lutheran  church  and  of 
the  machinists'  union.  A  memorial  service 
was  held  on  November  17,  at  the  Swedish 
Lutheran  church,  at  which  Rev.  A.  D.  Freden 
spoke  in  appropriate  vein.  The  blue  star 
on  the  service  flag  was  replaced  with  one  of  gold. 


ROBERT  L.  PIERCY 

Mrs.  J.  M.  Herman  of  North  East  Street,  Bloomington,  received  a 
letter  on  March  23,  1919,  telling  of  the  death  of  her  brother,  Robert  L. 
Piercy,  who  died  of  pneumonia  after  serving  eleven  months  in  France. 
He  was  in  a  signal  battalion  of  the  30th  division.  His  home  was  at 
Asheville,  S.  C.,  and  he  entered  the  service  in  June,  1917.  His  division 
sailed  for  home  the  week  after  he  was  taken  with  his  fatal  sickness. 


THURMAN  POLLITT 

Thurman  Pollit,  son  of  the  late  J.  B.  Pollitt,  who  was  a  resident  of 
Bloomington  for  many  years,  died  in  a  military  hospital  in  France  in 
October,  1918.  Influenza  was  the  cause  of  his  death.  He  enlisted  for 
service  in  October,  1917,  and  served  with  his  regiment  thru  much  of 
the  fighting  in  France  in  the  summer  of  1918.  He  was  30  years  of  age, 
left  his  wife,  formerly  Miss  Agnes  Bainer  of  Pontiac,  to  whom  he  was 
married  in  1917.  He  had  two  aunts  in  Bloomington,  Mrs.  Dr.  Herr  and 
Mrs.  William  Hunt. 

HERBERT  QTJARNSTROM 

On  April  23,  1918,  Dr.  Hombcrger  of  the  Wesleyan  faculty  received 
word  of  the  death  of   Herbert  Quarnstrom,  a  Wesleyan  man,   at  Camp 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 91 

Dodge,  Iowa.  Death  was  due  to  pneumonia.  Young  Quarnstrom  was 
22  years  of  age,  and  his  home  had  been  at  Sycamore,  111.  He  had  been 
in  the  Wesleyan  up  to  the  end  of  the  school  year  in  1917.  He  was  a 
sophomore  at  Wesleyan,  and  had  specialized  in  chemistry.  He  had  in- 
tended to  return  to  Wesleyan  in  the  fall  of  1917,  but  was  selected  for 
service  by  his  home  draft  board.  He  was  a  son  of  Adolph  Quarnstrom 
of  Sycamore. 

LEE  J.  ROEBUCK 

The  very  first  soldier  from  McLean 
county  who  was  called  upon  to  give  up 
his  life  to  the  cause  of  the  nations  who 
were  fighting  Germany  in  the  World 
War,  was  Lee  J.  Koebuck  of  Bloom- 
ington.  He  met  his  death  in  an  acci- 
dent while  training  under  the  flag  of 
Canada,  having  enlisted  in  that  coun- 
try after  he  had  been  rejected  from  the 
United  States  army  on  account  of  minor 
physical  defects.  Young  Koebuck  was 
in  the  aviation  service,  and  while  tak- 
ing his  first  flight  alone  on  October  20, 
1917,  his  plane  collapsed  and  he  fell, 
meeting  instant  death.  The  body  was 
brought  to  Bloomington  for  burial.  The 
accident  happened  at  Camp  Mohawk, 
near  the  town  of  Deseronto,  in  the 
province  of  Ontario,  Canada.  Lee  Koe- 
buck was  the  son  of  L.  S.  Roebuck, 
formerly  owner  of  the  Clifton  Hotel  in 
Bloomington.  He  was  born  in  Bloom- 
ington on  April  2,  1894.  He  was  edu- 
cated at  Edwards  school  and  the  Bloom- 
ington high  school.  In  July,  1917,  he 

went  to  Jefferson  barracks  to  enlist  for  military  service  in  the  United 
States,  but  the  physical  examination  disclosed  that  his  heart  action  was 
defective  and  he  was  rejected.  Soon  afterward  he  went  to  Chicago,  and 
finding  that  a  recruiting  drive  for  the  Canadian  army  was  on  there,  he 
enlisted  for  the  aviation  service  and  was  accepted.  He  was  sent  to 
Long  Branch,  Ontario,  then  to  Toronto  university  and  then  to  Camp 
Borden.  He  had  finished  his  flying  instruction  and  was  to  make  his 
first  flight  alone  on  the  day  of  his  fatal  accident.  A  letter  written  on 
the  Friday  before  his  death  told  of  his  hopes  to  go  across  to  France 
soon.  The  body  was  brought  to  Bloomington,  accompanied  by  Air  Me- 
chanic Eastwood  of  the  89th  Royal  Flying  Squadron  of  Canada.  Funeral 
services  were  held  at  the  First  Methodist  church,  conducted  by  Rev. 
A.  K.  Byrns.  The  American  and  British  flags  were  draped  over  the 
casket.  The  G.  A.  R.  and  Odd  Fellows  took  part  in  the  service.  The 
body  was  taken  to  Scogin  cemetery  for  burial.  This  funeral  was  the 
first  of  the  many  held  in  Bloomington  with  military  honors  during  the 
two  years  of  the  war. 

ALFRED   ROSS 

Alfred  Ross  of  Heyworth,  who  had  enlisted  for  service  in  the  navy, 
fell  a  victim  to  influenza,  dying  at  a  hospital  at  Great  Lakes,  on  Sept. 
28,  1918.  He  had  been  sick  about  a  week.  He  enlisted  in  the  navy  on 
July  6  of  that  year,  and  previous  to  being  taken  ill  had  submitted  to 
three  operations  for  the  cure  of  slight  physical  defects.  He  was  sta- 
tioned at  Zion  City  rifle  range  when  taken  ill,  and  was  removed  to  the 


92 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


base  hospital.  Alfred  Boss  was  born  in  Heyworth  February  4,  1899. 
He  attended  the  public  schools  at  Heyworth  and  for  several  years  worked 
in  a  grocery  store  there.  Later  he  became  a  carrier  for  the  Blooming- 
ton  Bulletin.  Besides  his  mother,  Mrs.  Alma  Eoss,  he  left  four  sisters. 
The  body  was  brought  to  Heyworth,  and  funeral  services  held  at  the 
Presbyterian  church,  with  burial  at  the  Heyworth  cemetery. 


MAURICE  M.   ROBERTS 

Maurice  Musick  Koberts,  son  of  O.  H. 
Roberts  of  Bloomington,  was  one  of  the 
boys  who  went  into  the  S.  A.  T.  C.  of  the 
Wcsleyan,  and  died  while  in  that  form  of 
service.  His  death  occurred  Oct.  17,  1918, 
being  caused  by  pneumonia  following  influ- 
enza. Young  Roberts  had  entered  the  Wes- 
leyan  university  and  had  been  formally 
inducted  into  the  service  of  the  Student 
Army  Training  Corps  only  four  days  before 
he  was  taken  sick.  Young  Roberts  was  born 
at  Mackinaw  on  March  3,  1900,  and  lived 
there  until  in  July,  1918,  when  the  family 
moved  to  Bloomington  to  give  their  son  the 
advantage  of  education  at  the  Wesleyan. 
He  left  his  parents  and  one  brother  and 
four  sisters.  The  funeral  was  held  at  the 
home  in  this  city  on  October  20,  and  the 
body  was  then  taken  to  Mackinaw  for  burial. 


HOWARD   RODMAN 

Having  enlisted  in  the  medical 
service  with  the  army  after  under- 
going an  operation  to  remedy  a 
physical  defect,  Howard  Rodman  of 
Bloomington  finally  gave  up  his  life 
for  his  country.  He  was  the  son  of 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  O.  O.  Rodman  of  708 
East  Bell  street.  He  quit  his  em- 
ployment in  the  office  of  the  Daily 
Pantagraph  to  enlist  at  the  age  of 
18.  His  death  occurred  in  the  gov- 
ernment military  hospital  at  Hobo- 
ken,  N.  J.,  on  October  10,  1918.  He 
had  been  sick  some  ten  days  with 
influenza,  and  his  removal  from 
Camp  Dix  to  the  hospital  became 
necessary.  His  mother  and  sister 
Mildred  went  to  his  bedside  a  week 
before  his  death,  but  he  afterward 
showed  improvement  and  they  re- 
turned home.  A  few  days  later  came 
the  news  of  his  death.  Howard 
Rodman  was  born  in  Old  Town 
township,  and  was  19  years  old  at 

his  death.  He  was  educated  in  the  schools  at  Downs  and  the  Downs 
high  school.  ,He  belonged  to  the  Downs  M.  E.  church.  After  coming 
to  Bloomington  he  worked  in  the  offices  of  various  firms  as  bookkeeper, 
and  resigned  from  the  Pantagraph  to  go  into  the  army.  The  body  was 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 


93 


brought  to  Bloomington,  and  the  funeral  held  on  October  16  at  the 
home  of  the  parents,  and  then  to  the  M.  P.  church  at  Pleasant  Grove 
in  Old  Town.  The  services  were  in  charge  of  Kev.  A.  K.  Byrns  and 
Rev.  I.  W.  Longenbaugh.  A  quartet  composed  of  Misses  Anna  Curley 
and  Bessie  Dooley,  James  and  Frank  Dooley,  rendered  the  music.  Com- 
pany M  furnished  the  escort,  and  Bugler  Claude  Carlock  sounded  "taps" 
over  the  grave.  The  burial  was  in  the  cemetery  at  Pleasant  Grove. 


SERGT.  WESLEY  RUYLE 

In  the  casualty  list  of  November  25,  1918,  ap- 
peared the  name  of  Sergt.  Wesley  Riiyle  killed  in 
action.  Although  the  soldier's  name  was  given 
from  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  yet  he  was  in  fact  a  young 
Bloomington  man,  for  he  had  lived  in  this  city  all 
his  life  until  two  years  before  his  death.  Reared 
at  the  Soldiers'  Orphans'  Home  in  Normal  until 
14  years  of  age,  he  afterward  worked  at  different 
places  in  Bloomington,  mostly  in  restaurants.  He 
went  to  Ohio  about  1915,  and  enlisted  in  Cleve- 
land, Sept.  1,  1917.  After  going  through  the  usual 
training  he  was  sent  across  as  a  member  of  head- 
quarters company  of  the  102d  infantry.  He  was 
killed  in  the  drive  thru  the  Argonne  in  which  the 
American  forces  under  Gen.  Pershing  took  part. 

The  last  letter  received  here  told  of  his  writing  on  paper  captured  from 
a  dugout  formerly  occupied  by  the  Germans  ever  since  the  opening  of 
the  war.  When  he.  occupied  that  dugout,  it  was  on  the  American  front, 
but  when  he  was  writing,  it  was  far  to  the  rear  of  the  American  ad- 
vance. Burial  probably  took  place  near  where  he  fell.  Wesley  left  his 
mother,  Mrs.  L.  I.  Mann  of  1605  South  Center  street,  one  brother  and 
five  sisters.  He  came  from  a  fighting  family,  for  his  father  was  a  ser- 
geant in  the  Tenth  Missouri  cavalry  in  the  civil  war,  and  he  also  had 
six  uncles  in  the  union  army  in  the  '60 's. 


HARRY  B.  RUSMISELL 

Harry  Rusmisell  of  Stanford  was  a 
victim  of  pneumonia,  his  death  occurring 
at  a  hospital  at  Le  Havre,  France,  on 
October  14.  The  word  came  to  his  father, 
Henry  Rusmisell,  on  Nov.  10.  Harry  was 
a  member  of  Co.  E,  106th  Engineers, 
being  one  of  the  500  boys  who  went  out 
of  here  in  the  draft  contingent  of  June 
25.  After  his  preliminary  training  at 
Camp  Wheeler,  he  was  sent  to  Camp 
Mills,  thence  embarking  for  overseas 
service.  The  fatal  disease  overtook  him 
before  he  had  had  time  to  get  into  the 
front  line  actions.  Harry  was  the  only 
child  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Henry  Rusmisell  of 
Stanford.  He  was  born  there  Sept.  18, 
1894,  and  grew  up  in  the  vicinity.  He 
was  engaged  with  his  father  in  farming 
when  he  was  called  into  the  service. 
Harry  was  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian 

church,  of  the  K.  P.  and  the  Odd  Fellows  and  Woodmen.    A  letter  written 
by  Miss  Sampson,  a  nurse  at  general  hospital  No.  2  at  Casino,  France, 


94 McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

stated  that  Harry  had  been  in  the  hospital  only  a  few  days;  that  he  was 
sick  when  taken  in,  but  the  change  for  the  worse  came  only  the  day 
before  his  death.  He  was  buried  at  St.  Marie  cemetery,  at  Le  Havre, 
and  his  grave  marked  with  a  wooden  cross.  Memorial  services  were 
held  for  him  at  the  Presbyterian  church  at  Stanford  on  Nov.  17,  con- 
ducted by  Eev.  L.  W.  Madden. 

BENEDICT  J.   ROTH 

Private  Benedict  J.  Eoth,  son  of  C.  L.  Both,  living  two  miles  west 
of  Chenoa,  died  of  pneumonia  in  an  army  hospital  at  Camp  Meucon, 
France,  on  January  4,  1919.  The  father  was  notified  by  letter  from 
Private  Eoy  J.  Everts  of  the  medical  department  of  the  79th  field  artil- 
lery, who  was  attached  to  the  hospital.  Young  Eoth  entered  the  hos- 
pital in  November,  was  first  taken  seriously  sick  in  December.  Private 
Benedict  J.  Eoth  was  born  on  a  farm  southwest  of  Chenoa  on  August 
27,  1891.  He  graduated  from  the  Chenoa  high  school  in  1912  and  later 
spent  one  year  at  the  University  of  Illinois.  After  leaving  school  he 
assisted  his  father  on  the  farm  for  a  while,  but  two  years  before  the 
war  he  accepted  a  position  with  the  Payne  Investment  Company  of 
Omaha,  Neb.,  a  land  company,  and  acted  as  their  agent  at  Lake  Charles, 
La.,  until  called  to  the  service  of  his  country.  His  father  and  three 
s-sters  survive.  He  was  a  member  of  Chenoa  lodge  of  Masons.  The 
Chenoa  Post  of  the  American  Legion  is  named  for  Ben  Eoth. 

EARL  T.  SMITH 

Earl  T.  Smith  quit  the  position  of  sales 
manager  for  C.  U.  Williams  &  Sons  in  Sep- 
tember, 1918,  to  enter  the  officers'  train- 
ing camp  at  Camp  Taylor,  Louisville,  Ky. 
He  was  there  only  six  weeks  when  he  was 
a  victim  of  influenza,  followed  by  pneu- 
monia, from  which  he  died  Oct.  15.  His 
sister  was  with  him  when  he  died.  Earl 
Smith  was  born  at  Cooksville,  and  was 
a  son  of  Eobert  T.  Smith,  for  many  years 
supervisor  from  Blue  Mound,  and  chair- 
man of  the  county  board.  He  was  22  years 
of  age.  He  came  to  Bloomington  when  a 
young  man  and  held  positions  in  the  Illinois 
Trust  and  Savings  Co.  and  the  L.  M.  S. 
Motor  Company  before  going  to  Williams. 
He  left  his  wife  and  three  sisters.  Hia 
*-J  father  had  died  the  previous  April. 

WILLIAM  AND  MELVIN  SAVAGE 

Two  young  men  who  were  born  at  Downs  and  spent  their  early  lives 
there,  were  victims  of  the  war,  since  both  died  in  the  service  of  their 
country.  They  were  William  and  Melvin  Savage,  sons  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Maurice  Savage.  They  went  into  the  service  from  Newton,  Kansas, 
where  the  family  lived  at  the  time  of  the  war.  William  was  in  the  navy, 
and  on  December  5,  1918,  he  was  accidentally  drowned  when  he  fell  over- 
board from  the  training  ship  Cleo,  stationed  at  Hampton  Eoads.  William 
had  been  in  the  navy  for  about  a  year  when  the  fatal  accident  happened. 
On  the  day  of  the  accident,  some  sailors  in  wrestling  on  the  ship's  deck 
had  loosened  a  railing,  which  later  gave  way  when  young  Savage  leaned 
against  it,  and  he  was  thrown  into  the  waters  of  the  bay.  Although 
search  was  continued  for  several  days  after  he  fell  overboard,  the  body 
was  never  recovered.  He  had  previously  been  stationed  at  Great  Lakes, 
where  he  made  a  record  for  expert  marksmanship  with  rifle.  Two  weeks 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


95 


prior  to  his  death,  he  was  sent  to  Newport  News  and  put  aboard  one 
of  the  training  ships.  A  brother,  Thomas,  went  to  Newport  News  to 
assist  in  the  search,  but  returned  without  results.  While  the  family  at 
Newton,  Kansas,  was  mourning  the  death  of  William,  another  son,  Mel- 
vin, who  went  home  from  an  army  camp  to  offer  comfort  to  his  relatives, 
was  taken  sick  and  died  from  the  influenza.  Melvin  had  gone  into  the 
aviation  corps  some  months  before  and  was  stationed  at  a  camp  at  Han 
Antonio,  Texas,  when  he  was  called  home  by  news  of  the  death  of  his 
brother,  William.  The  father  of  the  brothers  had  died  some  years  prior 
to  the  war;  the  mother  and  two  brothers,  John  and  Thomas,  survive. 
William  was  about  23  years  of  age,  and  Melvin  about  28.  The  family 
had  relatives  in  Downs  and  Bloomington. 

GEORGE  R.   SIMONS 
George  E.   Simons,  of  Normal,   gave   up 

his  life  in  the  service,  for  he  died  of  pneu- 
monia in  a  hospital  in  France  on  October  9, 

1918.     According  to  information  received  by 

the  parents,  he  entered  the  hospital  at  Brest 

on  October  2,  and  in  spite  of  all  that  could 

be  done  for  him,  the  end   came  on  the  9th. 

The  body  was  buried  in  the  American  section 

of  the  cemetery  at  Lambexellec,  and  services 

were  conducted  by  Chaplain  Yates,  with  an 

escort  of  American  soldiers  in  attendance  and 

a  Red  Cross  woman  representing  the  family. 

The  site  of  the  grave  overlooked  the  city  of 

Brest   and   the   sea   beyond.      George   Simons 

was  the  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  George  M.  Simons 

of  Normal.     He  was  20  years  of  age  and  had 

lived  in  Bloomington  all  his  life.     He  worked 

at  one  time  for  the  Pantagraph  Printing  and 

Stationery  Company,  and   was  with  an   elec- 
trical contracting  firm  just  before  he  went  into  the  service.     His  parents 

and   one  brother,   Frank,   survived.     He   was  a  member   of  the   Baptist 

church. 

JOHN  E.  SCHRECK 

Gridley    township    contributed    more    than 

r     "  V  one  of  her  sons  to  the  honor  roll  of  the  sol- 

diers who  gave  their  life  in  their  war:  One 
of  these  was  John  E.  Schreck,  son  of  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Jacob  Schreck,  who  died  of  pneu- 
monia at  Camp  Sheridan,  in  Alabama,  on  Oc- 
tober 20,  1918.  This  young  man  left  this 
county  on  May  31  of  that  year,  going  with 
a  contingent  of  draft  men  to  Camp  Sheri- 
dan. He  submitted  to  the  drills  and  ordinary 
camp  life  for  the  months  of  the  summer  and 
fall.  When  the  wave  of  influenza  was  at  its 
height,  he  fell  a  victim  to  the  disease,  and 
then  when  pneumonia  set  in  his  vitality  suc- 
cumbed .and  he  died.  The  body  was  brought 
back  to  Gridley,  and  the  funeral  services  were 
held  on  October  27,  when  due  military  honors 
were  paid  to  the  young  soldier.  One  of  his 

comrades  from  the  camp  accompanied  the  body.    The  burial  took  place 

at  the  Waldo  cemetery,  north  of  Gridley.     Young  Schreck  was  about  31 

years  of  age  and  had  spent  his  life  on  a  farm  in  Gridley  township.     His 

parents  and  one  brother,  Gottfried,  were  the  surviving  relatives. 


96 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


FRED   SKINNEE 

Fred  Skinner  died  in  a  hospital  at  Glas- 
gow, Scotland,  in  October,  1918,  where  he 
was  taken  soon  after  he  landed  from  the 
ship  on  which  he  embarked  for  service 
overseas.  The  news  of  his  death  came  on 
November  10  to  a  brother,  John  E.  Skin- 
ner, who  lived  on  rural  route  No.  2  out 
of  Normal.  The  word  came  from  a  com- 
rade of  Fred  in  the  hospital  before  it  was 
officially  announced  by  the  war  depart- 
ment. Fred  was  one  of  the  draft  con- 
tingent which  left  here  on  June  25,  1918, 
and  was  taken  into  the  106th  Engineers. 
Several  of  that  contingent  suffered  fatal 
attacks  of  influenza  and  pneumonia  after 
embarkation.  The  burial  of  Skinner  took 
place  in  the  cemetery  attached  to  the 
Glasgow  hospital. 


-:•:--•:  :-:-:-:-:-:-:-:•:-:-::•"  :-<:-:  V;:;; 


EARL   SPENCER 

Earl  Spencer,  son  of  Herschel  Spencer,  former  McLean  county  people, 
died  from  wounds  received  in  action  on  September  25,  1918.  He  had 
entered  the  service  just  seven  months  prior  to  the  date  of  his  death, 
going  from  Stillwater,  Oklahoma,  where  the  family  then  lived.  He  had 
been  an  instructor  in  agriculture  in  the  high  school  of  his  home  town 
before  he  went  into  service.  The  young  man  left  several  relatives  in 
Dawson  township. 

SERGT.  JESSE  G.  SPENCE 

Sergt.  Jesse  G.  Spence,  son  of  Mrs.  Bertha 
Spence  of  1201  West  Seminary  avenue,  mem- 
ber of  the  U.  S.  Marine  Corps,  died  on  Jan- 
uary 26,  1919,  at  Quantico,  Va.,  following  a 
brief  illness  with  pneumonia.  He  was  born 
October  31,  1893,  at  Fairbury.  When  three 
years  of  age  the  family  moved  to  Cooksville, 
and  a  year  later  moved  to  this  city.  He 
resided  on  the  west  side  until  he  was  eighteen 
years  of  age.  Shortly  after  he  enlisted  in  the 
regular  army.  After  one  enlistment  in  the 
army  he  returned  to  his  home  here,  and  later 
enlisted  in  the  marines.  While  in  the  marines 
he  was  made  a  corporal.  For  some  time  he 
was  on  special  duty  as  a  military  policeman 
in  the  Island  of  Haiti,  West  Indies.  After 
leaving  that  place  he  was  made  a  first  ser- 
geant. 

He   returned    to    this   country   in   January, 

1919,  from  Europe  to  enter  an  officers'  training  school  for  a  lieutenancy. 
He  was  taken  ill  Tuesday,  January  21,  and  was  sent  to  the  hospital. 
Death  came  a  few  days  later.  His  mother  arrived  at  Quantico  a  few 
hours  after  her  son's  death.  The  body  was  brought  to  Bloomington  for 
burial,  and  the  funeral  services  were  held  on  February  17.  The  services 
were  held  in  Beck's  chapel,  with  Eev.  Edgar  DeWitt  Jones  in  charge. 
It  was  a  double  funeral,  services  being  held  at  the  same  time  for  Herbert 
H.  Holman,  a  sailor,  who  was  killed  in  an  accident  in  Queenstown, 
and  whose  body  was  brought  home  for  burial.  Miss  Ethel  Gulick  sang 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 97 

at  the  funeral.  Capt.  Burr  Crigler,  Capt.  Eoy  Dillon  and  Lieut.  Swine- 
hart  were  honorary  pall  bearers  for  Sergt.  Spence.  The  interment  was 
held  at  Park  Hill  cemetery,  where  1,000  people  assembled  for  the  im- 
pressive service,  with  taps  sounded  by  Bugler  Claud  Carlock  and  the 
last  salute  by  a  firing  squad  from  Company  M.  These  interments  marked 
the  formal  dedication  of  the  soldiers'  lot  in  the  Park  Hill  cemetery. 

EDMUND  W.  SUTHERLAND 

Edmund  W.  Sutherland,  son  of  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  E.  W.  Sutherland  of  Bloomington,  was 
one  of  the  victims  of  the  influenza  which 
swept  over  the  country  and  carried  off  many 
young  men  in  the  army  camps  during  the 
fall  of  1918.  Young  Sutherland  died  at  Camp 
Grant  on  the  evening  of  October  7,  from 
heart  diesase.  The  father  had  been  at  the 
young  man's  bedside  two  days  before  death 
came. 

Edmund  had  been  at  Camp  Grant  only 
five  weeks,  going  to  the  camp  with  a  con- 
tingent of  draft  men  the  first  week  in  Septem- 
ber. He  left  his  home  in  fine  spirits  and 
the  best  of  health.  He  entered  the  work  of 
and  discipline  of  the  camp  with  a  patriotic 
ardor  born  of  his  high  sense  of  honor  and  his  love  of  country.  When  the 
influenza  struck  him  down,  it  did  its  fatal  work  quickly,  and  he  was  ill 
a  comparatively  short  time. 

Edmund  W.  Sutherland  was  born  in  Bloomington  April  23,  1895.  He 
obtained  his  early  education  in  this  city,  attending  the  Jefferson  school; 
the  Wesleyan  academy  and  law  school.  He  then  took  a  post-graduate 
course  in  the  University  of  South  Dakota,  and  after  passing  the  state 
bar  examination  entered  upon  the  practice  of  law  with  his  father,  under 
the  firm  name  of  Sutherland  &  Sutherland,  with  offices  in  the  Peoples 
Bank  building. 

He  was  married  December  8,  1917,  to  Miss  Pearl  Kneale,  of  Kempton, 
who  survives.  He  leaves  besides  the  mother  and  father,  one  brother, 
Harlow  Sutherland,  and  two  sisters,  Mildred  and  Hazel,  all  at  home; 
and  an  uncle,  Allen  Brown,  of  Normal.  Since  his  marriage  he  had  lived 
at  305  North  Linden  street,  Normal. 

He  attended  the  Second  Presbyterian  church;  was  a  member  of  the 
Delta  Theta  Law  Fraternity  of  the  University  of  South  Dakota,  and 
was  also  a  member  of  the  T.  K.  E.  Fraternity  of  the  Illinois  Wesleyan 
University. 

The  body  was  brought  to  Bloomington,  and  the  funeral  was  held 
on  October  11,  at  the  home  of  the  parents,  406  East  Monroe  street,  in 
charge  of  Dr.  J.  N.  Elliott,  assisted  by  Eev.  Lloyd  S.  Euland,  who  was 
then  acting  pastor  of  the  Second  Presbyterian  church,  of  which  Edmund 
was  a  member.  Mrs.  Hal  M.  Stone  sang  ' '  In  Flanders  Field. ' '  Fine  floral 
tributes  were  sent  by  the  McLean  County  Bar  Association,  the  Illinois 
Club,  the  fraternities  of  the  Wesleyan  Law  School,  and  the  Modern 
Woodmen,  besides  many  individuals.  Members  of  Company  M  acted  as 
pallbearers,  as  follows:  Lyle  Northrup,  Philip  Wood,  Homer  English, 
George  Harris,  Bert  Johnson,  and  Lyle  Straight.  A  squad  from  Com- 
pany M  fired  a  salute  over  the  grave  in  Bloomington  cemetery,  and 
"taps"  was  sounded  by  the  company  bugler. 

A  few  weeks  later,  the  McLean  County  Bar  Association  held  me- 
morial services  in  honor  of  Mr.  Sutherland,  and  he  was  eulogized  as 
one  of  the  most  promising  younger  members  of  the  bar. 


98 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


CLAYTON  SHOLTY 

Clayton  Sholty,  son  of  W.  L.  Sholty 
:  --  of  1208  East  Grove  street,  died  at  Jeffer- 
son barracks  on  February  10,  1918.  He 
caught  cold  from  the  unprotected  condi- 
tion of  the  sleeping  quarters  at  the  bar- 
racks, and  fell  a  victim  to  pneumonia. 
In  an  effort  to  relieve  him,  physicians 
operated  and  removed  a  part  of  one  rib. 
His  mother  was  with  him  during  his  sick- 
ness, until  she  became  exhausted,  when 
she  returned  home  and  the  father  took 
her  place  at  the  bedside.  He  was  there 
to  the  end.  Young  Sholty  enlisted  in 
Bloomington  on  December  6,  1917,  and 
went  at  once  to  Jefferson  barracks.  He 
was  born  April  1,  1892.  His  parents  and 
one  sister,  Bliss,  survive.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  First  Presbyterian  church. 
The  body  was  brought  to  Bloomington, 
and  funeral  services  held  on  February  13. 
Services  were  held  at  the  home  of  the 
parents,  conducted  by  Kev.  Fayette  E. 
Vernon  of  the  First  Presbyterian  church, 
of  which  deceased  was  a  member.  Eev. 
Mr.  Vernon  read  two  of  the  favorite 
hymns  of  the  young  man.  The  casket 
was  banked  with  a  profusion  of  flowers. 
The  burial  took  place  in  Park  Hill  cemetery. 

ARCHIE  F.   STEWART 

Although  Archie  F.  Stewart  of  this 
county  died  on  September  26,  1918,  no  word 
of  his  death  was  received  by  relatives  in  this 
city  or  county  until  October  31,  and  the  first 
intimation  of  his  fate  was  by  means  of  a 
postal  card  received  by  his  uncle,  Clark  E. 
Stewart,  written  by  Sergt.  Grover  6.  Jenkins, 
whose  home  was  in  Decatur.  This  postal  card 
was  sent  from  Scotland,  and  stated  that 
eleven  members  of  the  band  of  the  106th 
Engineers  had  died  from  influenza  on  the  ship 
going  across  or  in  hospitals  on  the  other  side, 
and  that  two  of  the  dead  had  been  buried  at 
sea.  It  was  not  until  November  21  that 
official  notification  from  the  war  department 
of  Archie's  death  came  to  Bruce  A.  Stewart 
of  Eandolph,  his  father.  In  this  official  noti- 
fication it  was  stated  that  death  occurred  on 
Sept.  26.  The  influenza  was  raging  at  its 
height  at  the  time  the  106th  Engineers  were 
at  Camp  Mills  and  during  the  time  they  made 
their  voyage.  Several  of  the  members  of  that  regiment  from  this  county 
were  among  the  victims  of  the  disease  either  at  the  camp  or  on  the 
voyage.  Archie  F.  Stewart  was  29  years  of  age,  and  was  the  son  of 
B.  A.  Stewart,  who  lived  nine  miles  south  of  Heyworth  on  a  farm. 
Archie  lived  there  with  his  father  until  he  was  called  to  the  colors  with 
the  draft  contingent  which  left  this  county  on  June  25.  When  he  was 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


99 


in  Camp  Wheeler,  being  a  fine  clarinet  player,  he  was  selected  as  one  of 
the  musicians  in  the  regimental  band.  He  went  to  Camp  Mills  after 
Camp  Wheeler,  and  the  latter  part  of  September  set  sail  on  the  voyage 
which  ended  in  his  death  at  sea.  His  father  survived,  and  also  his 
brother,  John,  who  was  at  Camp  Taylor  when  Archie's  death  occurred. 
There  were  also  Margaret,  Clifford  and  Herbert  at  home.  Memorial 
services  in  honor  of  Archie  Stewart  were  held  at  the  Presbyterian  church 
at  Heyworth  on  November  24,  conducted  by  Rev.  Mr.  Elges,  assisted 
by  Eev.  Evans  and  Eev.  Keller  of  the  other  Heyworth  churches.  The 
brother,  Sergt.  John  Stewart,  from  Camp  Taylor,  came  home  to  attend 
the  services.  There  was  a  large  turn-out  of  friends  of  the  dead  soldier 
and  his  family. 

WALTER  C.  SEEGER 

It  was  a  sad  Christmas  day  in  1918  at — ^^^^^^™^^ 

the  home  of  William  C.  F.  Seeger  of  601 
West  Grove  street,  Bloomington,  for  two 
days  before  they  received  word  that  their 
son,  Walter  C.  Seeger,  had  died  in  France 
from  wounds  received  in  action.  October 
15  was  given  as  the  date  of  the  battle,  but 
Walter  lingered  for  some  time  after  he 
was  wounded,  death  taking  place  on  Octo- 
ber 17,  and  the  war  department  having 
sent  out  official  word  on  December  23. 
Walter  was  with  Company  M,  326th  In- 
fantry, part  of  the  82d  Division.  He  served 
eight  months  in  France,  six  months  of 
which  he  had  been  in  or  near  the  front.  He 
was  assigned  as  a  battalion  runner,  and 
while  serving  in  that  capacity  he  was  hit. 
His  grave  was  numbered  125  in  Section  L, 
plat  3  at  the  American  cemetery  located  at 
Les  Islettes,  department  of  the  Meuse. 
Walter  C.  Seeger  went  out  of  Bloomington 
with  the  first  draft  contingent,  Sept.  19, 
1917.  He  first  went  to  Camp  Dodge,  thence 
to  Camp  Gordon,  where  he  was  absorbed 
into  the  326th  infantry  and  82nd  division.  During  a  furlough  from  Camp 
Dodge,  on  Dec.  27,  1917,  he  was  married  to  Miss  Fern  Snedaker,  the 
ceremony  taking  place  in  Peoria.  His  wife,  his  parents,  two  brothers, 
Carl  and  Fred,  and  one  sister,  Frieda,  were  the  surviving  relatives.  Wal- 
ter was  a  member  of  the  Lutheran  church,  also  of  Wade  Barney  lodge 
of  Masons,  and  of  the  order  of  Eagles.  He  was  educated  in  the  Lutheran 
school,  learned  the  trade  of  a  pressman,  and  at  the  time  of  his  entry 
into  the  service  was  employed  at  the  Pantagraph  Printing  and  Stationery 
Company.  Memorial  services  for  him  were  held  at  the  Trinity  Lutheran 
church  a  few  weeks  after  his  death  was  officially  reported. 


SERGT.   DAVID   B.   STEVENSON 

Sergt.  David  B.  Stevenson,  a  young  colored  soldier  of  Bloomington. 
was  killed  in  action  November  4,  1918,  in  France.  His  stepfather,  Abe 
Stevenson,  received  word  on  Dec.  5  in  a  message  from  the  war  depart- 
ment. Dave  Stevenson  was  a  soldier  of  the  370th  infantry  and  had 
been  in  France  since  March,  1918.  He  was  well  known  in  Bloomington, 
having  lived  here  for  many  years.  During  the  few  years  before  the 
war  he  had  resided  in  Chicago,  where  he  enlisted  in  July,  1917.  Steven- 
son was  born  in  Cobden,  111.,  Oct.  21,  1883.  He  was  married  at  Houston, 


100 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 


Texas  in  1917.  He  left  his  mother  and  stepfather,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Abe 
Stevenson,  two  sisters,  Mrs.  Lena  Hunter  and  Mrs.  Clara  Griggsby  and 
a  brother,  Clarence,  all  of  Bloomington,  a  brother,  Abe  Stevenson  in 
Ohio  and  a  brother  Eoy  with  the  American  Expeditionary  Forces  in 
France. 

The  post  of  American  Legion  composed  of  colored  soldiers  was 
named  Lewis  Stevenson  post,  in  honor  of  David  Stevenson  and  of  Capt. 
Lewis,  another  man  of  the  370th  who  met  death  in  France. 


CHARLES  T.  SMITH 

Mrs.  Ira  Ledbetter  of  Gridley  received  word  on  October  15,  1918, 
of  the  death  of  her  nephew,  Charles  F.  Smith,  formerly  of  Gridley,  who 
died  in  France  from  wounds  received  in  action.  The  young  man  was 
22  years  of  age.  He  had  enlisted  in  February,  1918,  and  after  the  usual 
preliminary  training  in  camps  in  this  country  was  sent  across  in  June. 
He  soon  got  into  the  fighting,  and  received  the  wounds  which  resulted 
in  his  death. 

WILLIAM  STROH 

William  A.  Stroh,  son  of  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Henry  Stroh,  residents  of  Anchor 
township,  was  one  of  the  many  victims 
of  the  wave  of  influenza  in  the  fall  of 
1918.  He  was  one  of  the  565  young 
men  who  left  McLean  county  on  the 
25th  of  June,  1918.  He  went  with  the 
boys  to  Camp  Wheeler,  where  he  began 
his  military  training  as  a  member  of 
Company  L  of  the  123rd  infantry.  The 
regiment  remained  at  Camp  Wheeler 
until  the  latter  part  of  September,  when 
it  was  transferred  to  Camp  Mills,  Long 
Island.  His  company  was  placed  in  the 
31st  division  and  was  about  ready  to 
sail  for  France,  when  young  Stroh  was 
seized  with  influenza,  which  developed 
into  pneumonia,  and  death  followed  on 
October  18.  The  body  was  sent  to  the 
home  in  Anchor  township,  and  the 
funeral  held  on  October  26.  Full  mili- 
tary honors  were  accorded.  The  Gibson 
City  and  the  Anchor  Home  Guards 
turned  out  and  furnished  a  firing  squad 
for  the  last  salute.  The  burial  was  at 

St.  John's  cemetery  near  Anchor.  William  Stroh  was  born  on  a  farm 
near  Anchor  April  18,  1891,  and  lived  all  his  life  on  a  farm.  In  1912 
he  started  farming  for  himself,  and  continued  until  he  left  for  service 
in  the  army. 

CHRIS  STREENZ 

One  of  the  victims  of  the  influenza  from  this  city  was  Chris  Streenz, 
son  of  Fred  Streenz,  whose  home  was  eight  miles  southeast  of  the  city, 
on  the  Abe  Livingston  farm.  He  was  stricken  down  with  the  disease 
Oct.  9,  1918,  while  located  in  a  camp  in  Texas,  and  died  on  the  18th. 
He  was  born  in  this  county  on  August  10,  1894,  at  Towanda.  He  grew 
up  on  the  farm,  and  was  called  to  the  colors  in  June,  1918,  and  after 
a  short  period  at  Jefferson  Barracks  he  was  sent  to  Fort  Sam  Houston 
in  Texas.  The  body  was  brought  to  Bloomington,  and  the  funeral  serv- 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


101 


ices  were  held  at  the  funeral  parlors  of  Ferd  Flinspach  on  October  24. 
Rev.  H.  K.  Krughoff  of  the  Salem  Methodist  church  had  charge.  The 
burial  was  at  Park  Hill  cemetery,  and  the  following  acted  as  pallbearers: 
Fred  Schwartz,  Bay  Heintz,  Charles  Thomas,  Bert  Howes,  John  Pock- 
envitz  and  Edward  Streenz.  The  young  man  left  his  parents,  four 
brothers  and  three  sisters. 


HARLEY  B.  SALZMAN 

The  first  McLean  county  soldier 
to  give  up  his  life  in  France  was 
Harley  B.  Salzman,  who  died  of 
embolism  in  a  military  hospital 
at  La  Courtain  on  January  25, 
1918.  Young  Salzman  had  lived 
at  Carlock  when  growing  into 
boyhood  and  young  manhood,  and 
had  spent  the  whole  of  his  life 
in  McLean  county  up  to  two  years 
before  the  war,  when  the  family 
removed  to  North  Dakota.  In 
July,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  Sec- 
ond North  Dakota  regiment,  be- 
ing at  that  time  19  years  of  age. 
The  regiment  was  sent  in  August 
to  Camp  Greene,  North  Carolina, 
and  was  there  broken  up  and 
Salzman  was  assigned  to  the 
116th  Sanitary  train,  164  Ambu- 
lance corps  of  the  41st  division. 
In  September  the  unit  was  moved 
to  Camp  Mills,  and  some  time  in 
the  following  December  embarked 
for  Liverpool,  where  they  landed 
on  Christmas  day.  The  stay  was 
short  in  England,  and  the  regiment  landed  at  LeHavre,  France,  on  New 
Year's  day  of  1918.  The  next  move  was  to  the  French  camp  at  La  Cour- 
tain, where  young  Salzman  was  taken  sick  and  died  on  the  date  men- 
tioned. The  body  is  buried  in  a  military  cemetery  at  that  place. 


ELMER  STEFFEN 

Elmer  Steffen,  son  of  Albert  Steffen  of  Cropsey,  died  on  February 
21,  1919,  soon  after  he  had  received  his  discharge  from  the  service  and 
returned  home  to  Cropsey.  His  death  was  caused  by  pneumonia.  He 
went  to  a  camp  in  the  fall  of  1918  and  served  there  till  the  close  of  the 
war.  He  was  23  years  of  age. 


LIEUT.  CLARENCE  W.  SMITH 

In  tho  official  casualty  list  of  June  23,  1918,  appeared  the  name  of 
Clarence  W.  Smith,  first  lieutenant  of  Marines,  who  was  killed  in  battle 
in  France.  This  young  man  was  a  son  of  G.  M.  Smith,  who  at  the  time 
of  the  son's  death  was  managing  a  garage  on  North  Center  street  in 
Bloomington.  He  had  formerly  lived  in  Decatur,  and  there  the  young 
man  was  born  and  grew  up.  He  graduated  from  the  Decatur  high  school, 
won  a  scholarship  at  the  University,  and  became  a  prominent  student 
at  that  institution.  He  was  soloist  in  the  university  glee  club  and  man- 
ager of  the  Star  lecture  course.  He  received  a  strong  recommendation 
from  President  James  when  he  enlisted  in  the  Marines,  and  this  !cd  to 


102 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 


his  winning  a  lieutenancy.  He  was  acting  captain  when  he  entered  his 
last  battle.  He  had  been  in  France  since  September,  1917,  and  died 
fighting  along  the  valley  of  the  Marne,  where  the  Americans  stopped 
the  last  German  drive. 

ALVA  H.  SMITH 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  I.  Smith  of  Car- 
lock  received  a  message  from  the 
war  department  December  18,  1918, 
conveying  the  sad  news  of  the  death 
of  their  son,  Alva  Harold  Simth,  on 
October  29,  in  a  military  hospital  at 
Liverpool,  England. 

Private  Alva  H.  Smith  was  taken 
sick  with  influenza  on  the  transport 
and  was  placed  in  the  hospital  for 
treatment.  Two  letters  dictated  by 
him  on  October  27  stated  he  was  im- 
proving daily,  so  that  death  came 
rather  unexpectedly. 

Alva  Harold  Smith  was  born  near 
Carlock,  April  5,  1896,  where  he  grew 
to  manhood.  He  attended  the  Car- 
lock  grade  school  and  later  the  Car- 
lock  community  high  school  for  three 
years.  He  entered  the  Urbana  high 
school  for  fourth  year's  work,  grad- 
uating from  that  institution  June, 
1916.  In  the  spring  of  1917  he  took 
charge  of  the  farm.  A  year  Liter, 
knowing  the  he  would  be  called  to 

service,  he  disposed  of  his  farming  property.  On  May  29,  1918,  he  went 
out  with  a  draft  contingent  to  Camp  Shelby,  Hattiesburg,  Miss.  His 
ability  as  a  musician  soon  secured  for  him  a  position  in  the  150th 
infantry  band,  which  position  he  held  at  the  time  of  his  death.  His 
parents  and  one  brother,  Vernon,  survive. 

HERBERT  SCHROEDER 

Herbert  Schroedcr,  formerly  of  this  city,  died  at  Johns  Hopkins 
hospital  in  Baltimore  in  October,  1918,  the  result  of  pneumonia.  He 
had  gone  to  Baltimore  to  work  in  the  ship  yards  when  he  was  taken 
down  with  his  fatal  illness.  Herbert  was  born  in  this  city  April  16, 
1901.  His  parents  died  when  he  was  young,  and  he  made  his  home  with 
his  grandfather,  Eobert  Maddux.  He  left  one  brother,  Eobert  Schroeder, 
who  was  with  the  army  in  France,  and  two  aunts,  Mrs.  M.  L.  Maddux 
of  Bloomington  and  Mrs.  Amelia  Margraf  in  California,  and  an  uncle, 
John  Schroeder  in  Peoria.  The  body  was  brought  to  Bloomington  for 
burial,  and  the  funeral  was  held  from  the  home  of  the  aunt,  Mrs. 
Maddux,  on  January  24.  Eev.  I.  W.  Longenbaugh  of  the  Second  United 
Brethren  church  was  in  charge  of  the  services,  and  the  burial  was  held 
in  the  Bloomington  cemetery. 

GEORGE  STRAYER 

George  Strayer  died  while  in  the  service  of  the  government  and 
doing  his  part  to  win  the  war,  although  not  in  the  actual  fighting  forces. 
While  working  in  the  ship  yards  at  Philadelphia  he  was  a  victim  of 
pneumonia,  and  expired  Oct.  12,  1918.  He  had  been  there  since  June, 
prior  to  which  time  he  was  in  business  with  his  brother  Frank  at  the 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


103 


Harlan  cigar  store  in  Bloomington.  He  was  a  tinsmith  by  trade,  and 
in  that  capacity  was  employed  at  the  ship  yards.  Mr.  Strayer  was  born 
Nov.  9,  1889,  and  was  a  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Charles  F.  Strayer.  He 
grew  up  in  Bloomington.  He  was  married  to  Miss  Etta  Jones,  daughter 
of  Ward  Jones  of  Towanda.  The  wife  and  one  little  son  survived;  also 
his  mother,  Mrs.  Alice  Strayer,  and  two  brothers,  Frank  of  this  city 
and  Charles  D.,  of  Chicago,  and  one  sister,  Mrs.  Clarence  Deetz.  The 
body  was  brought  back  to  Bloomington  and  the  funeral  and  burial  were 
held  here. 

LEO  SHERBURN 

Engineer  C.  Elmer  Sherburn  of  the  Alton  road  received  word  in 
October,  1918,  that  his  son,  Leo,  had  died  in  France  from  wounds  re- 
ceived in  action.  His  death  was  reported  to  have  occurred  on  October 
2.  Leo  Sherburn  spent  his  earlier  life  in  Bloomington,  having  worked 
in  the  Alton  shops  here  and  acted  as  substitute  fireman  in  the  city  de- 
partment at  engine  house  No.  3.  He  was  familiarly  known  as  "sport." 
He  was  27  years  of  age,  and  a  fine  specimen  of  physical  examination, 
having  passed  the  third  best  examination  in  a  barracks  among  4,000 
men.  When  the  family  left  Bloomington  for  East  St.  Louis,  Leo  secured 
a  position  as  engineer  for  the  Missouri  Pacific  road,  where  he  was  work- 
ing when  he  enlisted  for  the  war.  His  parents  and  one  sister  survive. 

CHARLES  SCHAWADER 

Mrs.  Emma  Eekker  of  1004  South  Livingston  street,  Bloomington, 
received  word  in  November,  1918,  that  her  son,  Charles  Schawader,  had 
died  from  injuries  received  in  an  accident  in  France  while  in  the  military 
service.  The  family  had  resided  in  Bloomington  only  a  short  time,  and 
the  young  man  went  out  in  a  draft  contingent  in  the  spring  of  1918. 
He  was  in  France  several  months  before  his  fatal  accident. 


FRANK  M.  THOENNES 


The  106th  Engineers  of  the  31st 
division  set  sail  for  the  other  side 
during  the  neighth  of  the  influenza 
epidemic  of  the  fall  of  1918.  Conse- 
quently several  of  its  members  fell 
victims  to  the  disease,  and  one  of 
these  was  Frank  M.  Thoennes,  mem- 
ber of  the  regimental  band  of  the 
106th.  Frank  was  a  son  of  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  J.  S.  Thoennes  of  South  Allin 
street,  Bloomington.  He  went  out  of 
this  county  with  the  June  draft  con- 
tingent, was  trained  at  Camp  Wheeler, 
and  sailed  for  England  in  September. 
On  arrival  at  Glasgow,  Scotland,  he 
and  a  number  of  other  members  of 
the  regiment  were  taken  to  a  hospital 
suffering  with  pneumonia,  where  on 
October  9  he  died.  The  parents  re- 
ceived a  letter  from  the  Red  Cross 
telling  of  the  funeral  in  which  Frank 
was  given  military  honors.  An  Amer- 
ican chaplain  read  scripture.  The 
burial  was  in  the  Craighton  cemetery 
near  the  hospital.  Frank  Thoennes 
was  born  at  Lafayette,  Ind.,  Septem- 


104 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 


ber  17,  1891,  but  lived  most  of  his  life  in  Bloomington.  After  attaining 
young  manhood  he  was  employed  as  clerk  in  the  Bloomington  postoffice. 
He  was  a  player  of  French  horn  in  the  Bloomington  band,  and  was  noted 
for  his  musical  talent.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Knights  of  Columbus, 
of  the  St.  Aloysius  society  of  St.  Mary's  church,  of  the  St.  Elmo  club 
and  the  Catholic  Order  of  Foresters.  He  was  a  member  of  Post  L, 
T.  P.  A.,  and  his  was  one  of  the  two  gold  stars  in  the  honor  roll  of  the 
post.  He  left  his  parents  and  the  following  brothers  and  sisters:  John 
of  Kansas  City;  Otto  M.,  who  served  in  a  naval  band  in  the  war;  Louis, 
Paul,  Claire  and  Irene,  at  home;  Mrs.  Tony  Ulbrich  and  Mrs.  John  Kelly 
of  Bloomington;  Lela,  in  Washington,  and  Joseph  Thoennes  of  Bloom- 
ington. On  November  18  there  was  held  at  St.  Mary's  church  in  Bloom- 
ington a  memorial  service  for  Musician  Thoennes,  at  which  a  large 
concourse  of  friends  assembled.  The  occasion  was  one  of  great  solemnity. 
An  improvised  bier  draped  with  the  American  flag  was  shown,  and  the 
service  flag  with  its  star  of  gold  shown  from  the  midst  of  a  wreath  of 
autumn  leaves  was  another  impressive  feature.  Father  Julius  had 
charge  of  the  mass,  and  spoke  in  fitting  terms  of  the  life  which  had 
been  given  for  the  nation. 

VAN  TODD 

It  was  ten  months  after  his  death  that  the  parents  of  Van  Todd  of 
Danvers  first  learned  of  his  death.  After  the  battle  of  Sept.  27,  1918, 
in  which  the  American  forces  were  driving  the  Germans  back  thru 
the  Argonne  toward  the  Meuse,  Todd  was  reported  missing.  No  further 
word  was  reported  concerning  him  until  July,  1919,  when  the  war  de- 
partment gave  out  his  name  among  those  killed  in  action.  It  is  pre- 
sumed that  he  met  his  death  on  the  date  that  he  was  reported  missing. 
He  was  the  son  of  Price  Todd  of  Danvers.  He  left  this  county  in 
April,  1918,  going  with  a  contingent  to  Camp  Dodge.  He  went  to  France 
the  same  summer,  arriving  there  July  4  as  a  soldier  of  the  358th  infantry. 
His  regiment  got  into  action  within  a  few  weeks  afterward  and  followed 
the  fortunes  of  Gen.  Pershing's  command  thru  the  Argonne.  Van 
left  besides  his  parents,  one  brother,  Cecil,  and  one  sister,  Edith,  of 
Danvers. 

ALVA  ROY  ULMER 

One  of  the  young  men  from  Anchor 
township  who  gave  up  his  life  in  the  world 
war  was  Alva  Eoy  Ulmer,  who  died  on 
October  21,  1918,  at  Camp  Mills,  where 
he  had  oeen  sent  preparatory  to  making 
the  journey  across  to  take  his  part  with 
the  actual  fighting  forces  of  America. 
Young  Ulmer  was  a  son  of  George  Ulmer, 
who  farmed  in  Anchor  township.  He  went 
out  of  here  with  the  draft  contingent  of 
June  25,  and  went  to  Camp  Wheeler,  where 
he  received  the  preliminary  training.  He 
was  sent  to  Camp  Mills  in  September. 
About  the  middle  of  October  the  family 
were  notified  of  the  serious  illness  of  the 
young  man,  and  a  brother,  George,  and  a 
brother-in-law,  George  Huffman,  went  to 
the  camp  to  be  with  him.  Some  time 
after  his  death  a  sister,  Miss  Vera  Ulmer, 
received  a  letter  from  Miss  Elsa  Killers, 
the  nurse  who  attended  him,  in  which  she 
enclosed  a  letter  written  by  Alva  to  his 
sister,  which  the  nurse  found  under  his 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 105 

pillow  after  he  was  dead.  The  nurse  wrote  that  his  death  was  painless. 
Alva  Eoy  Ulmer  was  born  January  11,  1891,  on  the  father's  farm  near 
Arrowsmith.  Later  the  family  moved  to  Anchor  township.  He  was 
brought  up  in  the  local  schools  and  received  pastoral  instruction.  He 
left  his  parents,  seven  sisters  and  two  brothers.  The  body  was  brought 
to  Colfax  for  burial,  and  a  funeral  was  held  with  military  honors,  the 
Anchor  Home  Guards  forming  an  escort  of  honor. 

REMI  VEREECKE 

Eemi  Vereecke,  a  young  soldier  who  had  been  in  the  service  only 
a  few  weeks,  fell  a  victim  to  the  influenza  at  Camp  Sevier,  S.  C.,  on 
October  25,  1918.  He  had  gone  from  Davenport  on  Oct.  5  with  a  com- 
pany of  limited  service  men.  The  day  before  he  left  he  was  married  to 
Mrs.  Ella  Morris,  who  came  to  Bloomington  to  make  her  home  with 
Mrs.  Fannie  Hinshaw,  sister  of  the  soldier.  Young  Vereecke  was  a 
native  of  Belgium.  The  body  was  brought  to  Bloomington  for  burial 
and  the  funeral  held  from  Mrs.  Hinshaw 's  home,  with  the  burial  in  the 
Bloomington  cemetery. 

GEORGE  GRAY  WHEELOCK 

One  of  the  boys  from  McLean  who 
died  in  the  service  was  George  Gray 
Wheelock,  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Clarendon 
Wheelock,  who  expired  from  influenza  on 
Sept.  30,  1918,  at  Camp  Grant.  He  had 
been  ill  a  week,  and  his  brother  Charles 
was  with  him  at  death.  Young  Gray  was 
born  at  McLean  Jan.  5,  1892.  He  grad- 
uated from  the  high  school  of  his  native 
town  in  1911.  On  Sept.  3,  1918,  he  went 
to  Camp  Grant  with  a  draft  contingent, 
and  was  assigned  to  Co.  B,  Fifth  Limited 
Service.  It  is  an  interesting  coincidence 
that  just  57  years  before,  to  the  very 
day,  Gray's  father  left  home  to  enter 
military  service  during  the  Civil  war. 
Both  father  and  son  were  in  their  27th 
year  at  the  time  of  entering  the  service. 

Gray  was  survived  by  his  mother,  two 
sisters,  Mrs.  Frank  Kinsey  and  Miss 
Carrie  Wheelock,  and  one  brother,  Mr. 
Charles  Wheelock;  also  three  nephews, 
Harold,  Clarendon  and  Whitney  Kinsey. 

Accompanied  by  Private  Rhinehart  J. 
Swanson  from  Camp  Grant,  the  body  was 

taken  to  McLean,  where  the  funeral  was  held.  The  house  and  yard  were 
filled  with  friends.  The  service  was  in  charge  of  Rev.  Thrall,  and  burial 
in  McLean  cemetery. 

MAURICE  WAKEFIELD 

While  pursuing  his  studies  as  a  member  of  the  Student  Army  Train- 
ing Corps  at  the  Iowa  Agricultural  college  at  Ames,  Maurice  Wakefield 
of  Heyworth  fell  a  victim  of  influenza  and  died  on  October  12,  1918. 
He  was  a  son  of  Dr.  F.  L.  Wakefield,  one  of  the  prominent  physicians 
of  the  county  living  at  Heyworth.  The  young  man  was  a  little  less 
than  21  years  of  age,  his  majority  birthday  falling  in  December,  1918. 
He  was  educated  in  the  Heyworth  schools  and  for  a  time  attended 
Lake  Forest.  He  was  in  his  second  year  at  the  college  at  Ames  when 


106 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    ll'OELD    WAE 


he  was  stricken  down.  He  left  his  father,  his  step-mother  and  two 
sisters,  Mrs.  Harvey  Mostoller  of  Saybrook  and  Marie  Wakefield  at  home. 
The  body  was  brought  to  Heyworth  and  funeral  services  held  at  the 
Presbyterian  church,  with  burial  in  the  Heyworth  cemetery. 


RUDOLPH  D.  WATT 

Eudolph  D.  Watt,  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Bruce  Watt  of  Leroy,  died  in  France  three 
months  after  the  war  had  officially  closed. 
His  death  occurred  on  January  19,  1919, 
but  his  people  did  not  hear  of  it  until 
about  the  first  of  February.  Pulmonary 
tuberculosis  was  given  as  the  cause.  A 
Bed  Cross  message  to  his  relatives  sent 
from  base  hospital  No.  52  in  France  on  De- 
cember 27,  1918,  told  of  his  serious  sick- 
ness. The  last  letter  his  people  received 
from  him  was  dated  December  8.  Young 
Watt  was  a  member  of  Company  B,  338th 
infantry,  84th  division,  and  had  been  in 
France  from  September  12,  1918.  He  was 
born  at  Leroy  September  13,  1890,  and 
grew  up  there.  He  left  high  school  before 
time  of  his  graduation,  and  learned  the 
trade  of  a  barber.  He  worked  at  Hey- 
worth, Minonk,  and  then  went  to  Indian- 
apolis, where  he  was  married  January  23, 
1917,  to  Thelma  Corbin  of  Eutland.  He 
left  his  parents,  his  wife,  and  four  sisters 
and  three  brothers.  One  brother  Rupert, 
was  in  Siberia  during  the  war  with  the 

27th  infantry.  Young  Watts  was  an  attendant  at  the  Presbyterian  church 
when  he  was  a  young  man  in  Leroy,  and  once  received  a  diamond  pin 
for  faithful  attendance. 

CLARENCE  WEAKLEY 

After  going  to  France  and  performing 
his  full  duty  as  a  soldier,  it  fell  to  the 
fate  of  Clarence  Weakley  of  Lexington  to 
die  on  home  shores  after  he  had  landed 
enroute  home.  His  death  occurred  on 
January  19,  1919,  in  debarkation  hospital 
No.  3  at  Hoboken,  New  Jersey.  The  news 
of  his  death  came  as  a  great  shock  to  his 
father,  Thomas  J.  Weakley  at  Lexington 
for  when  had  last  heard  from  his  son  the 
soldier  boy  was  in  France  and  well  and 
hearty.  It  seems  that  he  was  taken  sick 
on  the  return  voyage,  influenza  going  into 
double  pneumonia,  resulting  in  death  after 
he  was  taken  to  the  debarkation  hospital. 
The  body  was  brought  home  to  Lexington, 
where  military  funeral  services  were  held 
on  January  23  at  the  U.  B.  church.  The 
burial  was  at  Lexington  cemtery.  Clar- 
ence Weakley  was  born  at  Lexington  in 
1893.  He  lived  on  his  father's  farm  all 
his  life  until  he  was  called  to  the  colors, 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR  107 

leaving  Bloomington  with  the  draft  contingent  of  June  25,  1918,  to 
Camp  Wheeler.  After  his  training,  he  went  overseas  in  October.  He 
was  with  Company  C,  49th  infantry.  Young  Weakley  was  a  member 
of  the  U.  B.  church  and  of  the  Modern  Woodmen. 

LOUIS  WEILER 

Louis  Weiler  of  Bloomington  died  at 
Norfolk,  Va.,  on  December  15,  1918,  but 
his  relatives  here  did  not  hear  of  his  death 
until  May,  1919.  Not  hearing  from  him 
for  many  months,  they  instituted  a  search, 
and  learned  of  his  death  from  pneumonia. 
He  left  Bloomington  in  October  to  enter 
the  merchant  marine,  and  was  stationed  at 
Norfolk  when  he  was  taken  sick.  He  was 
born  in  Bloomington  January  15,  1899, 
and  on  attaining  young  manhood  entered 
the  Alton  boiler  shops.  Afterward  he 
worked  on  Frank  Bane's  farm  near  Say- 
brook.  Young  Weiler  was  a  member  of 
St.  Patrick 's  church  and  of  the  Modern 
Woodmen.  He  left  the  following  brothers 
and  sisters:  Charles,  Robert,  Marguerite 
and  Mrs.  Frances  Hougham  of  Blooming- 
ton. 

EDWIN   WENDELL 

A  young  man  who  formerly  lived  on  a  farm  west  of  Bloomington 
and  grew  to  young  manhood  there,  was  one  of  the  soldiers  who  lost  his 
life  in  the  glorious  action  of  the  American  Marine  Corps  at  the  Marne 
river  in  France  in  June,  1918.  He  was  Edwin  Wendell,  whose  family 
lived  on  a  farm  on  West  Market  street  road  until  their  removal  to 
Bruelle,  Mo.,  some  ten  years  ago.  The  young  man  was  working  in 
Peoria  when  the  war  came  on,  and  he  enlisted  in  the  Marine  Corps. 
He  was  in  the  marine  brigade  of  the  First  Division  which  took  part 
in  the  battle  at  Chateau  Thierry  on  June  7,  1918,  when  he  was  hit  and 
fatally  wounded.  He  died  shortly  afterward  and  was  buried  on  the 
field  near  where  he  fell.  Young  Wendell  was  23  years  of  age.  In  April, 
1919,  the  teacher  and  pupils  of  Little  Brick  school,  west  of  the  city, 
held  a  ceremony  in  the  planting  of  a  tree  in  the  school  grounds  in  memory 
of  the  young  soldier  frpm  that  neighborhood  who  gave  his  life  for 
his  country. 

GUS  WILLIAMS 

Gus  Williams,  a  soldier  of  the  370th  infantry,  colored  regiment, 
was  killed  in  action  during  the  period  between  Sept.  26  and  Oct.  2, 
according  to  word  received  by  his  father,  Moses  Williams  of  Bloom- 
ington on  January  21.  Young  Williams  before  entering  the  service,  was 
a  cook  at  the  Illinois  hotel,  where  he  was  employed  for  seven  years. 
He  left  Bloomington  in  June,  1917,  and  was  a  member  of  the  old  Eighth 
Illinois  infantry.  He  was  stationed  for  several  months  at  Houston, 
Texas,  and  was  sent  overseas  in  April,  1918.  Relatives  here  last  heard 
from  him  in  a  letter  written  July  20,  1918. 

Young  Williams  was  26  years  old.  He  was  born  in  Jacksonville,  111., 
and  came  to  Bloomington  with  his  parents  in  1900.  Besides  his  father, 
he  left  four  brothers:  Jean,  Harold,  Howard  and  Melvin,  and  two  sisters, 
Corrine  Williams  and  Mrs.  Ruth  Sharp.  He  also  left  his  grandmother, 
Mrs.  Malinda  Smith. 

A  memorial  service  for  Gus  Williams  was  held  at  Mt.  Pisgah  Baptist 
church,  when  resolutions  were  adopted. 


108 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    TllK    ll'OSLD    WAR 


JOHN   R.   WILSON 


••3 


John  E.  Wilson,  who  left  the  county 
in  the  draft  contingent  of  April  3,  1918, 
for  Fort  Wright,  died  on  April  29,  ac- 
cording to  word  received  by  his  parents, 
S.  A.  Wilson  and  wife  of  Danvers.  He 
was  the  first  Danvers  boy  to  give  up  his 
life  in  the  service.  After  reaching  camp 
he  wrote  his  parents  that  he  had  mumps, 
and  the  next  letter  said  he  was  better. 
On  April  28  the  family  got  word  that 
he  was  seriously  ill.  John  E.  Wilson 
was  born  August  8,  1890,  and  lived  all 
his  life  in  Danvers.  He  worked  for  sev- 
eral years  in  a  livery  stable  and  thus 
had  a  wide  acquaintance.  His  parents 
survived,  with  four  sisters:  Mrs.  Belle 
Stahley  of  Leroy,  Mrs.  Elmer  Otto  and 
Mrs.  Bessie  Curry  of  Danvers  and  Mrs. 
Blanche  McMullen  of  Arkansas.  The 
body  was  brought  to  Danvers,  and  the 
funeral  was  held  Sunday,  May  5.  Cor- 
poral Frank  Wessell  accompanied  the 
body  from  Fort  Wright.  Services  were  held  at  the  Presbyterian  church, 
and  fully  1,000  people  attended.  Eev.  G.  A.  Wilson  and  Eev.  L.  C.  Voss 
had  charge  of  the  service.  The  Order  of  Eagles  attended  from  Bloom- 
ington.  Interment  was  in  Park  Lawn  cemetery  near  Danvers.  Pall 
bearers  were  Yard  Mussellman,  Harry  Strubhar,  Alvin  Hess,  Lyle 
Sebastian,  Christian  Burmaster,  and  Wallace  Musselman. 


HARRISON  W.  WHITE 

The  first  soldier  who  died  after  his  return  home,  from  the  indirect 
effect  of  ailments  contracted  in  the  service,  was  Harrison  W.  White, 
who  expired  on  January  14,  1919,  at  the  home  of  his  brother,  Alonzo 
White  1404  West  Locust  street,  in  Bloomington.  Death  was  due  to 
heart  disease,  which  he  first  developed  while  in  the  service.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  3rd  company,  164th  depot  brigade  at  Camp  Funston. 
While  there  he  was  discharged  for  physical  disability,  and  arrived  home 
in  August.  He  continued  to  grow  worse  until  his  death.  Young  White 
was  formerly  a  fireman  on  the  Alton  road.  He  was  29  years  old  and 
was  born  at  Sullivan,  111.  His  father,  S.  W.  White,  six  brothers  and  one 
sister  survived.  The  body  was  taken  to  Congerville  for  burial. 

JOHN  T.  WAKEFIELD 

While  serving  as  chief  electrician  on  the  U.  S.  S.  Maine,  John  T. 
Wakefield  of  Heyworth  was  taken  sick  with  pneumonia  and  died  on  his 
ship  on  the  Atlantic  ocean  when  the  vessel  was  near  Portsmouth,  Va. 
His  death  occurred  on  October  2,  1918.  The  body  was  brought  ashore 
and  prepared  for  shipment  to  his  relatives  at  Heyworth.  It  arrived  in 
due  time  and  funeral  services  were  held  on  October  9  in  the  Heyworth 
Presbyterian  church,  with  burial  in  the  Heyworth  cemetery.  The  young 
sailor  was  the  son  of  J.  C.  Wakefield  of  Heyworth,  and  he  was  born  at 
that  place  Feb.  8,  1897.  At  the  age  of  10  he  united  with  the  Presby- 
terian church.  He  attended  the  town  schools  and  then  Brown's  business 
college.  Then  he  decided  to  make  a  specialty  of  electricity  and  attended 
an  electrical  school  in  Milwaukee  in  1914-15.  On  Sept.  1,  1915,  he  went 
to  Chicago  and  enlisted  as  recruit  in  the  navy  and  was  first  assigned 
to  the  naval  yards  at  Brooklyn.  Later  he  was  put  on  board  the  U.  S.  S. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 109 

Maine  in  charge  of  the  electrical  work  of  the  ship.  He  showed  a  great 
proficiency  in  his  work.  The  young  man's  father  died  ten  years  before 
the  war.  He  left  his  mother,  one  brother,  Dr.  W.  B.  Wakefield,  and  one 
sister,  Mrs.  Eoy  Potts  of  Pana. 

HOWARD  WILEY. 
Howard  Wiley,  son  of  Gilbert 
Wiley  of  Bloomington,  died  at 
the  Great  Lakes  naval  training 
station  on  October  8,  1918,  from 
pneumonia  following  an  attack  of 
influenza.  He  had  enlisted  in  the 
naval  service  in  the  summer  and 
had  been  at  the  Great  Lakes  only 
a  few  weeks  when  he  was  taken 
sick.  His  parents  were  at  the 
hospital  when  he  died.  Young 
Wiley  was  22  years  old.  His 
father  had  long  been  connected 
with  the  Bell  telephone  system, 
first  in  the  Bloomington  office  and 
then  as  manager  of  the  Danvers 
exchange.  The  parents  and  one 
sister,  Eunice,  survived.  The  body 
of  young  Wiley  was  brought  to 
Bloomington,  and  accorded  full 
military  honors  at  the  funeral. 
Services  were  held  at  the  Danvers 
Presbyterian  church,  and  the 
Masons  had  their  ritual.  Burial 
was  in  Park  Lawn  cemetery. 

FRED  P.  WAMPLER 

Private  Fred  P.  Wampler  died  on  March  30,  1918,  at  Fort  Riley, 
Kansas,  of  pneumonia.  His  body  was  brought  to  Arrowsmith,  former 
home  of  the  family,  and  buried  there.  His  father  and  Lieut.  George 
W.  Barr  accompanied  the  body  from  Camp  Funston  for  the  funeral. 
The  service  was  held  from  the  home  of  John  Bunn,  conducted  by  Rev. 
Carlberg.  Full  military  honors  were  given,  the  Saybrook  Home  guards 
being  an  escort  of  honor.  The  young  soldier  was  a  son  of  M.  M.  Wampler, 
who  removed  to  Oklahoma  some  years  before  the  war.  Fred  was  em- 
ployed in  Des  Moines  when  his  call  to  service  came,  and  he  was  sent 
to  Camp  Funston.  When  he  was  taken  sick,  he  was  sent  to  hospital  at 
Fort  Riley.  He  was  25  years  of  age. 

WARREN  K.  WEBBER 

Warren  K.  Webber  died  at  a  hospital  in  Washington  on  Oct.  15, 
1918,  after  a  brief  illness  with  pneumonia  following  influenza.  He  had 
been  in  Washington  for  some  months  employed  in  the  filing  department 
of  the  adjutant  general's  office.  He  enlisted  for  military  service  on 
Sept.  13  of  that  year,  but  had  not  been  called  to  the  colors  nor  supplied 
with  uniform.  Warren  K.  Webber  was  born  at  Arrowsmith  on  May  21, 
1891.  He  grew  up  at  that  place  and  entered  business  as  manager  of 
the  Arrowsmith  Concrete  Tool  company,  which  business  he  continued 
until  he  entered  the  government  employ  in  February,  1918.  He  left 
his  mother,  Mrs.  Nettie  Webber,  and  one  sister  and  three  brothers.  The 
body  was  brought  to  Arrowsmith,  where  funeral  services  were  held  at 
his  home  on  October  20  in  charge  of  Rev.  A.  W.  Carlberg.  The  interment 
took  place  at  the  Frankeberger  cemetery  near  Ellsworth. 


110 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


CHARLES  T.  WITT 

Charles  Theodore  Witt  was  one  of  tha 
three  sons  of  H.  S.  Witt  of  Arrowsmith 
who  were  in  the  service  in  the  war,  and 
the  only  one  who  gave  up  his  life.  He 
went  out  in  the  big  draft  contingent  of 
June,  1918,  and  after  a  course  of  training 
at  Camp  Wheeler,  he  was  sent  to  Camp 
Mills.  He  had  reached  the  grade  of  cor- 
poral in  Company  I  of  the  123rd  infantry. 
While  at  Camp  Mills  waiting  to  go  over- 
seas, he  was  stricken  with  influenza,  and 
after  about  ten  days'  illness  he  died  on 
Oct.  10.  Charles  T.  Witt  was  born  at 
Lost  Creek,  Tenn.,  on  Feb.  14,  1896.  The 
family  moved  to  Arrowsmith  several  years 
before  the  war.  He  was  one  of  ten  chil- 
dren. One  brother,  Artec,  was  in  France, 
and  another  brother,  Dewey  Witt,  was  in 
the  Panama  canal  zone  in  the  war.  The 
other  children  lived  at  home  with  their 
parents.  The  body  was  brought  back  to 
Arrowsmith,  and  there  on  October  16  the 
funeral  service  was  held  from  the  Chris- 
tian church,  conducted  by  Eev.  A.  E.  Carl- 
burg.  The  interment  took  place  in  the 
Stipp  cemetery. 

SERGT.  EDWIN  D.  WALTMAN 

Word  reached  relatives  on  Sept.  19,  1918,  of  the  death  of  Sergt. 
Edwin  D.  Waltman,  formerly  of  McLean,  he  having  been  killed  in  action 
on  July  19.  He  was  in  Co.  C,  Second  Engineers,  part  of  the  First  division 
which  took  part  in  the  battles  of  the  Marne  in  June  and  July  of  that 
year  and  definitely  put  an  end  to  the  last  of  the  great  German  offensives. 
The  young  man  was  born  in  Mt.  Hope  township  on  July  2,  1898.  The 
family  moved  to  Colorado  in  1908.  Edwin  enlisted  in  the  army  in  1913, 
and  served  two  years  in  the  Philippines.  After  returning,  he  served 
with  the  regulars  on  the  Mexican  border,  and  in  September,  1917,  his 
regiment  went  to  France.  He  left  surviving  his  parents  and  two  sisters 
living  in  Colorado.  He  had  many  acquaintances  in  McLean  and  vicinity. 

In  a  letter  written  to  the  mother  of  the  soldier,  Mrs.  Lyman  Walt- 
man, Lieut.  George  Knight  of  Company  C  describes  the  manner  of  Sergt. 
Waltman 's  death,  as  follows:  "He  met  his  death  on  July  19,  while 
we  were  holding  the  line  in  an  open  wheat  field  about  one  kilometer 
west  of  Yierzy  and  six  kilometers  south  of  Soissons,  and  his  body  is 
buried  at  this  point.  His  death,  which  was  practically  instantaneous, 
was  caused  by  a  shell  fragment  at  about  2  p.  m.  on  the  19th.  He  was 
then  acting  as  platoon  sergeant  of  my  platoon." 

THE  BIVOUAC  OF  THE  DEAD 

"The  muffled  drum's  sad  roll  has  beat 

The  soldier's  last  tattoo; 
No  more  on  life's  parade  shall  meet 

That  brave  and  fallen  few. 
On  Fame's  eternal  camping  ground 

Their  silent  tents  are  spread 
And  Glory  guards  with  solemn  round, 

The  bivouac  of  the  dead. ' ' 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


111 


LEO  VINCENT 

Exposures  and  dangerous  injuries 
while  in  service  at  the  front  were 
the  cause  of  the  death  of  Leo  Vin- 
cent, altho  his  demise  did  not  take 
place  until  April  12,  1920.  He  died 
on  that  date  in  Ehinebeck  hospital 
in  New  York  City,  the  indirect 
effect  of  having  been  gassed  while 
serving  with  an  ambulance  com- 
pany of  the  U.  S.  Marine  corps  in 
France.  Leo  was  the  son  of  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  W.  M.  Vincent  of  703 
East  Oakland  avenue.  Prior  to  the 
war  he  had  studied  with  Eev.  Wil- 
liam Baker  of  St.  Matthews  Epis- 
copal church  with  the  intention  of 
becoming  a  priest  of  that  church. 
After  his  return  from  service  he 
went  to  New  York  City  to  resume 
his  studies.  He  had  never  fully 
recovered  from  the  effects  of  the 
poison  gas,  and  was  finally  taken  down  with  tuberculosis  of  the  spine 
from  which  he  never  recovered.  His  parents  were  with  him  when  he 
died.  Leo  was  22  years  of  age.  He  left  his  parents  and  one  brother, 
Herschel,  living  at  Minier.  The  body  was  brought  to  Bloomington  and 
the  funeral  services  held  here. 

JOHN  M.  REDD 

John  M.  Redd,  one  of  the  young  colored  men  who  went  out  of 
Bloomington  with  the  old  Eight  Illinois  and  was  later  taken  into  Co. 
K  of  the  famous  fighting  370th  Infantry,  was  mortally  wounded  by 
shrapnel  in  action.  He  was  left  in  a  base  hospital  at  Brest  when  his 
comrades  of  the  370th  returned  home,  and  later  died  of  his  wounds. 
The  young  wife  of  Private  Eedd  died  in  Bloomington  a  few  months 
afterward,  her  death  possibly  hastened  by  grief  for  her  soldier  husband. 


THE  WHITE  CROSS  BY  SIDE  OF 
THE  MARNE 

This  is  a  picture  of  the  cross  over 
the  grave  of  Edward  Dwyer  of 
Cooksville,  who  fell  in  battle  as  a 
private  in  Company  A,  58th  infan- 
try, in  one  of  the  battles  of  August, 
1918.  It  is  typical  of  thousands  of 
others  marking  the  graves  of  Amer- 
ican dead  in  France. 

Scarce    need    that    we    their    names 

enshrine 
In  fadeless  bronze,  on  deathless 

stone, 
For    their    proud    record    still    will 

shino 

When  all  our  sires  and  sons  are 
gone. 


'* 


DRAFT  BOARDS  SENT  2000  MEN  TO  SERVICE 

The  war  had  been  in  theoretical  progress  only  for  a  few  months, 
when  the  congress  of  the  United  States  saw  that  some  kind  of  a  general 
military  service  law  would  become  a  necessity  to  summon  the  man  power 
of  the  country  to  the  call  of  duty.  Not  that  the  men  of  military  age  in 
the  United  States  were  lax  in  their  sense  of  duty,  but  that  it  would 
be  needful  to  supplant  the  volunteer  service  with  a  system  of  which 
would  be  uniform  from  one  end  of  the  country  to  another,  and  which 
make  no  discriminations  among  the  men  who  were  liable  to  this  neces- 
sary duty.  Accordingly  the  so-called  draft  law  was  passed  by  the  con- 
gress in  May,  1917,  and  the  date  of  June  5,  1917,  was  set  for  the  time 
when  all  the  men  of  the  nation  between  the  ages  of  21  and  31  should 
register  in  their  respective  homes  as  subject  to  military  call.  On  the 
date  mentioned,  there  were  5,800  young  men  registered  in  the  various 
precincts  of  McLean  county.  The  registration  went  off  without  a  hitch. 
Men  were  stationed  in  the  polling  booth  of  each  voting  precinct  of  the 
county  on  that  day,  and  the  young  men  of  the  respective  precincts  came 
to  the  place  and  entered  their  names,  ages,  and  various  other  facts  sought 
by  in  the  question  blanks  sent  out  by  the  war  department.  It  is  inter- 
esting to  note  the  number  of  men  registered  at  this  time,  and  the  facts 
which  they  made  known  to  the  board,  all  of  which  are  revealed  in  the 
table  of  the  registration  compiled  two  days  after  the  registration  closed. 

Exemption         No 
Claimed     Exemption      Total 

Bloomington  No.  1 51  23  74 

Bloomington  No.  2 19  36  55 

Bloomington  No.  3 55  44  99 

Bloomington  No.  4 61  33  94 

Bloomington  No.  5 72  36  108 

Bloomington  No.  6 62  43  107 

Bloomington  No.  7 65  28  93 

Bloomington  No.  8 53  32  87 

Bloomington  No.  9 37  25  62 

Bloomington  No.  10 15  24  39 

Bloomington  No.  11 30  41  71 

Bloomington  No.  12 , 44  53  97 

Bloomington  No.  13 43  32  75 

Bloomington  No.  14 63  19  82 

Bloomington  No.  15 43  21  64 

Bloomington  No.  16 57  22  79 

Bloomington  No.  17 25  40  65 

Bloomington  No.  18 34  36  70 

Bloomington  No.  19 33  18  51 

Bloomington  No.  20 35  36  71 

Bloomington  No.  21 38  37  75 

Bloomington  No.  22 47  34  80 

Bloomington  No.  23 26  44  70 

Bloomington  No.  24 52  47  99 

Bloomington  No.  25 24  25  49 

Bloomington  No.  26 42  23  65 

Bloomington  No.  27 49  27  76 

Bloomington  No.  28 51  33  84 

Bloomington  No.  29 53  24  77 

Bloomington  No.  30 31  26  57 


Total  city 1312  964  2276 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE  WORLD    WAS U3 

Mt.  Hope  No.  1 71  33  104 

Mt.  Hope  No.  2 8  5  13 

Allin   20  77  97 

Danvers 49  56  105 

Funk 's  Grove   50  37  87 

Dale 46  35  81 

Dry  Grove   36  33  69 

White  Oak 37  20  57 

Eandolph  No.  1   47  47  94 

Randolph  No.  2   12  28  40 

Bloomington  township  No.  1.. 48  35  83 

Bloomington  township  No.  2 24  26  50 

Hudson   53  32  85 

Normal  No.  1   23  83  106 

Normal  No.  2   56  31  87 

Normal  No.  3   46  33  79 

Normal  No.  4   34  11  45 

Downs  No.  1   41  18  59 

Downs  No.  2 9  29  38 

Old  Town 52  25  77 

Towanda  No.   1    39  14  53 

Towanda  No.  2 24  8  32 

Money  Creek . .  60 

Gridley 58  107  165 

Empire  No.  1   28  22  50 

Empire  No.  2   36  39  75 

Empire  No.  3   27  30  56 

Dawson  No.  1 42  20  63 

Dawson  No.  2 24  20  44 

Blue  Mound  No.  1 38  19  57 

Blue  Mound  No.  2 26  5  31 

Lexington  No.   1 16  30  46 

Lexington  No.   2 26  45  71 

Lexington  No.  3 21  25  46 

Chenoa  No.  1 24  24  48 

Chenoa  No.  2 35  44  79 

Chenoa  No.  3 47  19  81 

West 58  41  88 

Arrowsmith 51  37  95 

Martin  No.  1 36  22  73 

Martin  No.  2 35  20  56 

Lawndale 48  36  71 

Yates 47  34  82 

Bellflower  No.  1 9  55  102 

Bellflower  No.  2 51  8  17 

Cheney's  Grove  No.  1 37  31  82 

Cheney 's  Grove  No.  2 49  18  55 

Anchor 12  33  82 

Cropsey 11  26  37 


Total  townships   1717  1506  3303 

Grand  total   3029  2470  5579 

The  above  table  is  only  for  white  men.  In  the  lists  of  colored  men 
there  was  for  the  whole  county  one  card  of  officer,  50  with  dependent 
relatives,  2  occupational  exemptions,  a  total  of  53  claiming  exemptions. 
There  were  69  claiming  no  exemptions,  a  grand  total  of  122  colored  men 
registered. 

Of  the  total  of  3,029  who  claimed  exemption  in  the  county,  there 
were  6  who  were  public  officers,  99  totally  disabled,  2750  who  had  de- 


114 


MCLEAN  COUNTY  EXEMPTION  BOARD 


Isaac  Murphy,  No.   1 


Chester  E.  Ewins,  No.  1 


Dr.  B.  F.  Elfrink,  No.  1  Mrs.  E.  A.  Mott,  Clerk  No.  1 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 115 

pendent    relatives,    and    175    occupational    exemptions.      There    were    89 
alien  listed,  and  25  alien  enemies. 

The  next  step  in  the  process  of  securing  men  for  the  army  under  the 
operation  of  the  draft  law  was  to  appoint  a  board  in  each  county  or 
district  whose  duty  it  should  be  to  call  all  the  registered  young  men 
before  them  for  physical  examination  as  to  their  fitness,  and  learn  if 
there  were  any  reasons  why  they  should  be  exempted  from  military  ser- 
vice when  called.  This  board  of  exemption,  so-called,  was  named  by  the 
adjutant  general's  office  of  the  state  of  Illinois.  McLean  county  was 
divided  into  two  districts,  one  including  the  city  of  Bloomington  to- 
gether with  Allin  and  Dale  townships;  the  other  district  to  include  all 
of  the  county  court;  chairman  of  city  board  No.  2,  Judge  aSin  Welty, 
including  most  of  the  country  precincts  was  known  as  No.  1  and  the 
city  district  No.  2.  The  personnel  of  the  two  boards  appointed  for  these 
respective  districts  was  as  follows: 

Exemption  Board  No.  1 — Chairman,  C.  E.  Ewins,  of  Danvers;  clerk, 
Dr.  B.  F.  Elf  rink,  of  Chenoa;  Isaac  Murphy,  of  Leroy;  chief  clerk,  Eeube 
B.  Prothero;  assistant  clerk,  Mrs.  Edward  A.  Mott;  soldier  member;  John 
Farley;  stenographer,  Miss  Dorothy  Mason. 

Exemption  Board  No.  2 — Chairman,  Judge  Colostin  D.  Myers,  Bloom- 
ington; secretary,  H.  M.  Murray,  Bloomington;  medical  examiner,  Dr.  E. 
Mammen;  chief  clerk,  Ralph  Freese;  assistant  clerk,  Miss  Loretta  Grady; 
soldier  member,  Thomas  J.  Shanahan. 

Local  Advisory  Board — Chairman  of  board  No.  1,  Judge  J.  C.  Eiley, 
of  the  country  court;  chairman  of  city  board  No.  2,  Judge  Sain  Welty, 
of  the  circuit  court. 

Medical  Advisory  Board — Medical  advisory  board:  Dr.  B.  F.  Elf  rink, 
of  Chenoa;  Dr.  E.  Mammen,  of  Bloomington;  clerk,  Walter  P.  Prenzler. 

Instruction  Board — Board  of  instruction:  Capt.  C.  B.  Hamilton,  chair- 
man. 

These  exemption  boards  were  assigned  rooms  in  the  court  house,  and 
with  their  assistants  were  busy  every  week  day  during  the  war,  and 
many  times  at  night.  It  was  their  duty  to  keep  on  their  waiting  list 
a  number  of  young  men  who  had  been  examined  and  passed  as  subject 
to  call,  so  that  every  time  a  call  was  issued  from  the  adjutant  general 
for  a  certain  quota  of  men  from  either  of  these  districts,  the  men  would 
be  ready  and  called  at  the  designated  date. 

Scenes  around  the  rooms  occupied  by  the  exemption  boards  during 
the  war  were  among  the  most  touching  connected  with  the  military  his- 
tory of  the  county.  Every  day  lines  of  young  men  would  be  standing 
or  sitting  while  waiting  for  the  time  of  examination.  Many  of  these 
were  accompanied  to  the  court  house  by  their  parents,  and  in  some  cases 
by  their  sweethearts  or  sisters.  Parents  would  naturally  be  affected  by 
the  meaning  of  the  process  through  which  their  sons  were  passing,  and 
tears  were  shed  by  hundreds  of  the  mothers  and  sometimes  by  the  fathers 
as  they  watched  their  sons  go  through  the  examination. 

By  the  time  the  boards  were  discharged,  they  had  examined  literally 
thousands  of  young  men  and  passed  upon  their  liability  to  military  ser- 
vice. At  the  close  of  the  work  of  the  boards,  after  the  end  of  the  war, 
the  following  summary  of  their  work  was  issued: 

The  local  boards  inducted  and  sent  to  camp  a  total  of  1949  men.  Of 
this  number  1000  were  from  the  country  board  of  exemption  board  No. 
1.  Nine  hundred  and  forty-nine  men  were  inducted  and  sent  to  camp 
from  city  board  No.  2. 

Board  No.  1 — The  following  are  the  figures  from  board  No.  1: 

Total  registration,  June  5,  1917 3076 

Total  registration,  June  5,  1918 259 

Total  registration,  Aug.  24,  1918 57 

Total  registration,   Sept.   12,   1918 4311 

Total  registration 7703 


116 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


MCLEAN  COUNTY  EXEMPTION  BOAED 


Dr.  E.  Mammen,  No.  2 


H.  M.  Murray,  No.  2 


Keubcn  Protkero,  Clerk  Board  1 


Kalph  Freese,  Clerk  No.  2 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 117 

Of  which  7675  were  white  and  28  colored. 

Class  2  in  all  registrations 148 

Class  1  in  all  registrations 2141 

Class  3  in  all  registrations 104 

Class  4  in  all  registrations 2598 

Class  5  in  all  registrations 91 

Non-combatants 91 

2347  claims  were  sent  to  the  district  board,  most  of  which  were 
agricultural  claims. 

1598  were  physically  examined,  291  of  which  were  disqualified  for 
general  service  on  account  of  their  physical  conditions. 

133  were  held  for  limited  service  only. 

1000  were  inducted  into  the  service  938  of  which  were  sent  to  camps 
in  various  places  over  the  entire  United  States. 

62  were  sent  to  various  colleges  in  the  students  army  training  corps 
division. 

About  100  registrants  voluntarily  enlisted.  Of  course,  there  was  a 
large  number  who  voluntarily  enlisted  before  they  registered.  The  local 
board  has  no  record  of  them. 

City  Board  No.  2 — The  following  figures  give  some  idea  of  the  vast 
amount  of  work  accomplished  by  city  board  No.  1,  which  had  juris- 
diction of  all  of  the  city  of  Bloomington,  and  Normal  and  Allin  and 
Dale  townships:  The  total  number  inducted  and  sent  to  camp  was  949, 
and  the  total  "number  of  registrations  was  7,876. 

Sent  to  Camp — Class  of  June,  1917:  White,  704;  colored,  28;  total, 
832. 

Class  of  June,  1918:    White,  34;    colored,  4;    total,  38. 

19  to  36  registrants:    White,  53. 

18-year-old   registrants:    White,   26. 

Total  inducted  and  sent  to  camp,  940. 

The  local  boards  were  composed  of  men  who  were  prominent  in  the 
business  and  professional  life  of  the  city  and  county.  C.  E.  Ewins,  of 
Danvers,  chairman  of  board  No.  1,  was  a  member  of  the  board  of  super- 
visors and  is  a  prominent  farmer  and  stockman,  who  has  had  much  ex- 
perience in  business  affairs.  Dr.  Elfrink,  of  Chenoa,  clerk  and  medical 
examiner  of  this  board  and  member  of  the  medical  advisory  board,  is 
one  of  the  leading  physicians  of  the  county.  Isaac  Murphy,  of  West 
township,  another  member,  is  a  farmer  and  stockman.  He  was  one  of 
the  efficient  workers  of  the  board.  Mr.  Prothero,  the  chief  clerk,  was 
employed  at  the  McLean  county  bank,  and  is  most  competent.  Mrs. 
Edward  A.  Mott,  Miss  Dorothy  Mason  and  Mr.  Farley,  employed  with 
board  No.  1  were  all  efficient  in  this  line  of  work  and  all  rendered  val- 
ued, service. 

Board  No.  2 — C.  D.  Myers,  chairman  of  board  No.  2,  was  for  many 
years  judge  of  the  circuit  court.  He  was  one  of  the  most  eminent  jurists 
in  central  Illinois.  Secretary  H.  M.  Murray  is  a  local  attorney.  He  was 
a  tireless  worker  and  was  on'  the  job  incessantly  since  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  board.  Dr.  Mammen,  one  of  Bloomington 's  leading  physicians, 
was  examiner  of  this  board  and  also  a  member  of  the  legal  advisory 
board.  Mr.  Freese,  the  chief  clerk  is  a  young  Bloomington  business 
man.  He  has  had  much  experience  in  clerical  work  of  varied  character 
and  he  rendered  valued  service.  Miss  Grady,  assistant  clerk  of  the 
board,  is  to  be  classed  among  the  valued  attaches  of  the  board.  She  has 
been  a  capable  and  tireless  worker.  Mr.  Shanahan,  the  soldier  member, 
was  another  efficient  worker.  The  personnel  of  both  boards  was  all  that 
could  be  desired  and  McLean  county  was  to  be  complimented  for  their 
efficiency,  their  painstaking  efforts,  their  courteous  treatment  and  their 
patience. 


118 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOULD    WAR 


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McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THK    WORLD    WAR  119 

Capt.  C.  B.  Hamilton,  chairman  of  the  board  of  instruction,  gave 
valued  instruction  in  drills,  and  in  army  tactics  to  young  soldiers  about 
to  entrain  for  the  camps.  This  department  of  work  was  created  well 
along  toward  the  finish  of  the  war,  but  at  any  rate  it  was  productive 
of  excellent  results. 

Personnel  of  llth  district  medical  advisory  board  internists:  Drs. 
C.  E.  Chapin,  W.  E.  Neiberger  and  L.  B.  Gavins,  Bloomington;  Frank  C. 
Bowden,  Pontiac;  W.  H.  Miner,  Farmer  City;  E.  E.  Sargent,  Leroy. 

Tuberculosis — Dr.  O.  M.  Ehodes,  Bloomington. 

Surgeons— Drs.  W.  E.  Guthrie,  E.  P.  Sloan,  E.  B.  Hart,  G.  B.  Kelso 
of  Bloomington;  Dr.  F.  C.  McCormick,  Normal,  and  Dr.  John  D.  Scouller, 
Pontiac. 

Eye,  ear,  nose  and  throat — Drs.  E.  D.  Fox,  F.  H.  Godfrey  and  J.  W. 
Smith,  Bloomington. 

Dentists — Drs.  W.  H.  Land,  S.  B.  Powers  of  Bloomington. 

Legal  advisory  board — James  C.  Riley,  E.  E.  Donnelly,  E.  L.  Fleming, 
Sain  Welty,  Joseph  W.  Fifer,  Louis  FitzHenry,  all  of  Bloomington. 

The  send-off  of  the  drafted  contingents  differed  from  time  to  time 
according  to  circumstances,  but  there  were  points  of  similarity  in  all 
these  occasions.  There  was  the  assembly  at  the  court  house  of  the  men 
called  for  cntrainment;  then  a  dinner  or  supper  served  free  to  the  de- 
parting soldiers  by  the  citizens  of  Bloomington;  then  some  speeches,  and 
finally  the  march  to  the  train  and  the  good-byes  at  the  station.  A  para- 
graph from  a  newspaper  description  of  one  of  these  farewells,  will  serve 
to  tell  the  salient  points  about  all  of  them: 

"The  spacious  dining  parlors  of  the  Hills  hotel  were  filled  with  soldier 
boys  and  members  of  their  immediate  families  and  as  Judge  Myers,  Mayor 
Jones,  and  Ex-Governor  Fifer  voiced  stirring  sentiments  and  fond  fare- 
wells on  the  part  of  the  people  of  this  community, — tears  glistened  on 
many  an  eye-lash.  There  was  no  effort,  however,  to  say  one  word  that 
had  a  tendency. to  discourage  or  sadden  the  hearts  of  any — in  fact  senti- 
ments of  cheer  and  good  will  were  voiced  by  the  several  speakers  and 
the  enthusiasm  and  patriotic  spirit  manifested  was  largely  responsible 
for  the  hundreds  of  moist  eyes  in  the  assembly." 

Here  are  one  or  two  characteristic  sentences  from  one  of  the  speeches 
of  Gov.  Fifer: 

"And  now  my  comrades,  may  the  good  God  who  presides  over  the 
destinies  of  nations,  keep  and  preserve  you;  watch  over  you  and  return 
you  to  us  a  victorious  army  in  the  great  cause  of  world  wide  democ- 
racy, is  my  earnest  prayer." 

"And  now  boys,  go  over  there  and  get  the  Kaiser,  and  if  you  get 
there  and  find  out  that  you  can't  get  him — send  for  me." 

Here  are  some  of  the  exclamations  at  the  partings:  "Good-byn 
mother,  I'll  write  soon."  "Good-bye  Sallie,  I'll  not  forget."  "So  long 
Tom,  I'll  remember  you."  "Good-bye  mother,  don't  worry  about  me." 
"Good-bye  Bessie,  I'll  send  you  a  button  from  the  Kaiser's  coat." 
"Good-bye,  when  I  get  over  there,  there  will  a  hot  time  in  little  ol' 
Berlin."  "Good-bye  mother,  take  care  of  Eover. " 

At  the  station  the  Bloomington  band  drew  up  in  a  circle  and  its 
leader,  George  Marton,  mounted  to  the  top  of  an  engine  tender  close  by 
and  held  a  ' '  sing. ' '  Several  of  the  popular  patriotic  airs  were  sung 
with  band  accompaniment  and  cheer  upon  cheer  given  by  the  crowd 
during  the  intervals.  As  the  long  train  moved  out,  there  was  a  profuse 
waving  of  hats  and  handkerchiefs  and  a  cheering  until  the  train  was 
enveloped  in  the  curve  in  the  track  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  city. 

With  the  war  in  progress  over  a  year,  the  government's  war  depart- 
ment decided  that  the  man  power  of  the  nation  under  the  first  registra- 
tion might  be  exhausted  if  the  war  continued  for  many  years  further. 


120  McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

Therefore  congress  passed  a  law  requiring  a  second  registration  of  men, 
this  to  include  all  those  between  the  ages  of  18  and  45. 

The  men  registered  under  this  call  were  never  in  fact  called  into 
the  service,  except  in  some  few  isolated  cases  where  they  were  inducted 
into  service  in  special  branches.  The  records  of  the  registration,  how- 
ever, were  preserved  with  other  archives  of  the  exemption  boards,  and 
sealed  up  with  them  for  transmission  to  the  state  departments  when  the 
war  work  of  the  boards  was  ended.  The  total  number  of  registrations 
under  this  second  call  were  as  follows: 

Between  18  and  21 950 

Between  31  and  45 7070 

Of  this  total  number  of  registrants,  there  were  4,225  registered  in 
the  jurisdiction  of  board  No.  1,  and  3,765  registered  in  the  jurisdiction 
of  board  No.  2. 

JUDGE   MYERS'    WOEK  IN  WAR 

Bounding  out  a  life-time  of  distinguished  service  at  the  bench  and  bar 
with  practically  two  years  of  direct  devotion  of  his  time  and  energies  and 
vital  force  to  the  service  of  his  nation,  Judge  Colostin  D.  Myers  deserves 
one  of  the  most  merited  encomiums  of  praise  for  his  work  during  the  world 
war.  It  was  as  a  member  of  the  exemption  board  for  district  No.  2  of 
McLean  county,  appointed  to  examine  for  military  service  all  the  young 
men  of  the  city  of  Bloomington  and  the  townships  of  Dale  and  Allin, 
that  Judge  Myers  spent  the  most  of  his  time  during  the  last  two  years  of 

his  life,  for  his  death  on  January  12, 
1920,  occurred  only  a  few  months 
after  the  board  had  officially  wound 
up  its  work.  Judge  Myers'  associates 
on  board  No.  2  were  H.  M.  Murray 
and  Dr.  Mammen.  The  board  began 
its  work  within  a  few  weeks  after  the 
registration  of  the  young  men  of  mili- 
tary age  in  this  county,  which  occurred 
on  June  5,  1917.  The  work  of  the 
board  included  an  immense  mass  of 
detail,  consisting  of  physical  examina- 
tions of  hundreds  of  young  men,  ex- 
amination of  their  claims  of  exemp- 
tion, certifying  to  their  selection  for 
service,  calling  them  together  when- 
ever the  state  required  a  certain  quota 
for  certain  camps;  looking  after  their 
comfort  and  accommodation  at  the 
time  of  their  assembly  for  entrain- 
ment  for  the  camp,  and  finally  seeing 
that  they  were  properly  organized  for 
the  trip  with  proper  leadership  to  the 
camps.  One  call  for  contingents  fol- 
lowed another  in  close  succession  dur- 
ing the  fall  and  winter  of  1917  and 
the  spring  and  summer  of  1918,  so 
Judge  Colostin  D.  Myers  that  the  members  Of  the  board  had  no 

rest  from  the  strenuous  tasks  to  which  they  were  assigned  until  the  signing 
of  the  armistice.  Then  followed  the  gigantic  task  of  collecting  and  sealing 
up  the  immense  volume  of  the  records  of  the  boards. 

Judge  Myers  came  to  the  work  of  the  exemption  board  from  his  well 
earned  retirement  after  a  life-time  of  public  service.  Born  in  Ohio,  he 


121 


served  in  the  civil  war  and  afterward  located  in  this  city.  Being  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  he  took  up  the  practice  of  law  in  this  city,  was  elected 
county  judge  and  then  circuit  judge,  serving  12  years  as  county  judge  and 
18  years  as  circuit  judge.  He  also  filled  a  position  on  the  appellate  bench 
for  several  years.  His  name  was  mentioned  for  state  supreme  judge,  and 
at  the  republican  convention  he  received  a  large  vote  for  nomination.  Judge 
Myers  died  on  January  12,  1920,  just  as  he  was  getting  ready  to  take  a 
trip  south  to  recuperate  from  the  physical  strain  which  his  two  years  of 
war  labors  had  caused.  He  was  laid  to  rest  amid  signal  honors  from 
citizens,  the  McLean  county  bar  and  hosts  of  personal  friends. 


A   Typical  Crowd   Along  Newspaper  Eow,  Bloomington,   Beading 
Bulletins  of  War  News,  1918. 


SUPPORTED  FRENCH  ORPHAN 

Hurley  H.  Bryant,  son  of  Mrs.  Harry  Bryant 
of  Towanda,  took  on  the  care  of  an  orphan  in 
France  while  he  was  doing  his  duty  as  a  soldier. 
He  wrote  home  to  his  mother  while  in  France, 
and  touched  on  this  subject  like  this:  "You 
should  see  the  small  boy  I  am  sending  to  school; 
he  sure  is  a  dandy.  His  mother  is  dead  and  his 
daddy  is  in  the  trenches  on  some  front.  I  think 
I  shall  steal  him  and  bring  him  home  with  me. 
His  name  is  Maurice  Amant.  Great  kid,  takes 
quite  a  bunch  out  of  my  pay  and  I  don't  get  to 
go  on  any  long  passes.  However,  he  is  worth  it. 
You  should  hear  him  say  'Harley' — it's  good." 


'The   Greatest   Mother   in   the    World." 


MCLEAN  COUNTY  AND  THE  RED  CROSS 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Civic  League  of  Bloomington  early  in  June, 
1915,  Mrs.  N.  D.  McKinney,  president  of  the  Woman's  club,  presented 
the  subject  of  organizing  a  Bed  Cross  Chapter  in  Bloomington.  The 
suggestion  met  with  cordial  approval,  and  action  was  taken  authorizing 
the  chairman,  E.  M.  Evans,  to  appoint  a  committee  to  take  preliminary 
steps  toward  that  end.  That  evening  Dr.  E.  Mammen,  Mrs.  G.  S.  Mc- 
Curdy,  Mrs.  E.  E.  Morgan,  Mrs.  N.  D.  McKinney  and  E.  M.  Evans  paid 
their  membership  fee,  the  necessary  one-half  of  which  was  sent  to  the 
Eed  Cross  director,  in  Chicago,  with  application  for  permission  to  or- 
ganize a  chapter.  Permission  was  received  within  a  day  or  two. 

Dr.  Mammen  was  chairman  of  the  first  committee  to  secure  mem- 
berships, and  he  worked  very  hard  for  some  time  in  listing  people  who 
were  willing  to  enroll  in  the  organization  which  at  that  time  had  no 
following  locally,  and  of  whose  work  there  was  general  ignorance  on 
the  part  of  the  public.  After  a  number  of  memberships  had  been  en- 
rolled which  made  the  organization  of  a  chapter  appear  feasible,  the 
committee  appointed  by  the  Civic  League  called  a  meeting  to  be  held 
at  the  public  library  on  July  27.  At  this  meeting  a  board  of  twelve 
directors  was  elected,  Dr.  Mammen  appointed  temporary  chairman  and 
Mrs.  McKinney,  temporary  secretary.  The  board  of  directors  appointed 
at  that  time  consisted  of  Oscar  Mandel,  Mrs.  J.  A.  Bohrer,  J.  A.  Perkins, 
Carl  H.  Klemm,  George  P.  Davis,  Mrs.  N.  D.  McKinney,  Mrs.  E.  E. 
Morgan,  Frank  Oberkoetter,  Mrs.  Kate  D.  Welch,  Henry  Behr,  Mrs. 
Emma  Wunderlich,  and  Dr.  E.  Mammen. 

The  officers  were  not  elected  until  the  meeting  of  December  5,  1915, 
when  the  following  were  chosen:  Chairman,  Campbell  Holton;  first  vice 
chairman,  C.  F.  Agle;  second  vice  chairman,  B.  F.  Harber;  secretary, 
Alice  O.  Smith;  treasurer,  Frank  D.  Marquis.  Miss  Smith  served  as 
secretary  until  May,  1916,  when  she  resigned  and  was  succeded  by  Mrs. 
McKinney. 

During  May  and  June,  1916,  a  campaign  for  members  was  conducted 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 123 

under  the  leadership  of  Dr.  C.  M.  Noble.  In  July,  1916,  a  charter  mem- 
bership of  174  was  sent  to  Washington  and  a  charter  granted. 

Eight  organizations  have  representation  on  the  board  of  directors, 
as  follows:  Community  council,  Woman's  club,  Bureau  of  Social  Service, 
Girls'  Industrial  Home,  Day  Nursery  association,  McLean  County  Med- 
ical society,  Nurses'  association,  and  Association  of  Commerce.  The 
mayor  of  Bloomington  is  an  ex-officio  member  of  the  board  of  directors, 
and  the  chairman  of  each  branch  is  also  an  ex-officio  member  with  vot- 
ing privileges.  An  auditing  committee  is  composed  of  two  bank  cashiers 
and  one  accountant. 

The  jurisdiction  of  the  activities  of  the  chapter  is  within  McLean 
county. 

Prior  to  February,  1917,  no  special  activities  were  undertaken  except 
to  secure  memberships.  On  February  5,  in  response  to  instructions  con- 
tained in  a  telegram  from  headquarters  in  Washington,  a  meeting  of 
the  executive  committee  was  held  and  the  necessary  action  was  taken 
to  put  the  chapter  on  war  basis.  Additional  committees  were  appointed 
and  work  at  once  started  in  preparation  of  hospital  garments  and  sur- 
gical dressings,  and  for  packing  and  shipping,  hospital  and  nursing  ser- 
vice and  instruction  classes.  The  membership  committee  immediately 
started  a  great  campaign  for  members,  aided  liberally  by  the  Blooming- 
ton  newspapers.  A  finance  committee  was  appointed  with  the  mayor  as 
chairman.  People  responded  liberally  to  every  call  for  money. 

Branches  and  Auxiliaries. — The  territory  of  the  county  outside  the 
city  of  Bloomington  was  divided  according  to  the  township  boundaries 
with  one  or  two  exceptions.  The  first  branch  organized  was  at  Saybrook 
in  April,  1917,  and  before  the  end  of  July  branches  were  formed  cover- 
ing the  entire  county,  all  active  and  enthusiastic. 

The  Woman 's  club  of  Bloomington  was  the  first  to  organize  as  an 
auxiliary,  and  they  furnished  funds  to  buy  materials  which  they  made 
into  hospitals  garments  and  surgical  dressings.  The  rooms  were  kept 
open  all  summer  for  work  and  surgical  dressings  classes. 

Letitia  Green  Stevenson  chapter  of  the  D.  A.  R.  was  the  next  to 
form  an  auxiliary.  During  all  the  war  they  were  liberal  contributors 
of  service  and  money.  Other  auxiliaries  were  the  Hebrew  Women 's  Aid 
and  the  Wesleyan  university.  The  D.  A.  R.  gave  for  home  service  work 
the  net  proceeds  of  a  play  given  at  the  opera  house.  The  colored  women 
of  the  city  formed  a  unit  for  sewing,  and  used  the  rooms  one  day  a  week. 

Location — One  of  the  first  things  considered  by  the  executive  com- 
mittee was  a  location  for  headquarters  and  workshop.  Mrs.  Sarah  D. 
Lillard  gave  a  large  corner  store  room  in  the  Durley  block,  in  the  center 
of  the  business  district,  rent  free.  There  were  shelves  and  show  cases 
in  the  rooms,  so  that  operations  were  started  without  delay.  Chairs, 
tables  and  other  furniture  were  loaned  by  merchants  and  other  individ- 
uals. The  place  at  once  became  general  Red  Cross  headquarters.  The 
first  and  second  membership  campaigns  were  directed  from  there,  and 
the  noon  luncheons  were  served  in  the  basement.  Surgical  dressing  and 
knitting  instructors  had  quarters,  and  all  committee  and  directors'  meet- 
ings were  held  there.  After  a  while  these  spacious  quarters  were  out- 
grown, and  classes  met  elsewhere. 

In  October,  1917,  the  chapter  had  to  look  for  other  quarters,  as  the 
Durley  building  was  rented.  The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  directors  offered  space 
in  their  building,  and  the  surgical  dressings  and  hospital  garments  work- 
shops were  moved,  and  occupied  about  half  the  entire  second  floor.  The 
public  library  board  of  directors  gave  rent  free  three  large  rooms  on 
the  first  floor,  with  separate  entrance.  The  Home  Service  section  and 
the  secretary  of  the  chapter,  with  the  Junior  Red  Cross,  occupied  these 
rooms.  The  Christmas  packet  committee  had  space  for  its  special  work 


124  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    W AE 


A     ^^^^  ;Jfc| 

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OFFICERS    OF    McLEAN    COUNTY    CHAPTER 

Top — Mrs.  N.  D.  McKinney,  Secretary. 

Center — Campbell  Holton,  Chairman. 

Below — Davis  Ewing,  First  Vice  Chairman. 

Eight  of  Center — E.  Mark  Evans,  Second  Vice  Chairman. 

Left  of  Center- — F.  D.  Marquis,  Treasurer. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 125 

in  December,  1917.  Christmas  Roll  Call  and  other  special  committees 
also  worked  here.  One  library  room  was  fitted  up  for  first  aid  and  home 
nursing  classes. 

The  Home  Service  section  outgrew  its  quarters,  and  in  January,  1919, 
moved  to  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  building,  occupying  rooms  formerly  used  as  a 
workshop.  In  July,  1919,  the  Red  Cross  rented  a  building  at  Monroe 
and  Center  large  enough  to  accommodate  all  activities. 

Personnel  of  Officers — The  chairman  and  treasurer  of  the  chapter 
served  since  1915;  the  secretary  since  May,  1916;  the  two  vice  chairmen 
since  October,  1917. 

Campbell  Holton,  chairman,  is  president  of  Campbell  Holton  &  Co., 
wholesale  grocers.  He  has  been  prominent  in  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  the  Bloom- 
ington  Association  of  Commerce,  Rotary  Club  and  other  community 
activities. 

Davis  Ewing,  vice  chairman,  is  president  of  the  Davis  Ewing  Con- 
crete Co.;  has  been  president  of  the  Rotary  Club  and  active  in  civic 
affairs. 

E.  M.  Evans,  vice  chairman,  was  president  of   the   Association   of 
Commerce  in  1919  and  1920;    served  two  years  as  president  of  the  Civic 
League  and  connected  with  other  community  organizations. 

F.  D.  Marquis,  treasurer,  is  president  of  the  People's  bank  and  a 
leading  man  in  business  circles  and  prominent  in  civic  enterprises. 

Mrs.  N.  D.  McKinney,  secretary,  served  five  years  as  president  of 
the  Woman  's  club,  is  secretary  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  Withers 
Public  Library,  and  active  in  social  welfare  work. 

The  auditing  committee  gave  generously  of  their  time  to  the  pass- 
ing upon  the  Red  Cross  accounts.  The  members  were  W.  L.  Moore,  cash- 
ier of  People's  Bank;  Frank  M.  Rice,  vice  president  First  National 
Bank;  E.  H.  Black,  sec'y  of  the  Paul  F.  Beich  Company. 

Miss  Julia  Holder  had  charge  of  the  books  of  the  financial  records 
since  March,  1917.  She  is  in  charge  of  the  bookkeeping  department  of 
the  Bloomington  high  school,  which  accounts  for  her  qualifications  for 
the  work  she  did  so  efficiently.  Carefully  prepared  monthly  reports  sent 
Central  Division  office  contributed  to  the  high  standing  of  the  chapter. 

Committees — Mrs.  W.  W.  Whitmore  was  the  first  chairman  of  the 
committee  on  Branch  Organization,  serving  from  March,  1917,  to  August 
of  same  year.  She  is  a  well  known  and  active  attorney.  On  Mrs.  Whit- 
more  's  resignation,  Mrs.  Richard  Ward  succeeded  her  and  served  up 
to  the  end  of  the  war  and  afterward.  She  is  a  professional  woman  of 
ability  and  wide  acquaintance  in  the  outside  districts. 

Capt.  Cleon  L.  Hills  was  chairman  of  the  Canteen  Committee  from 
its  organization  in  September,  1917.  He  is  proprietor  of  the  Hills  Hotel. 
Capt.  Hills  was  an  officer  of  cavalry  in  the  Spanish  War.  He  was  chair- 
man of  the  War  Activities  Committee  of  the  Association  of  Commerce, 
which  provided  medals  for  all  soldiers  of  the  world  war  who  went  from 
McLean  County.  He  also  planned  the  official  "Welcome  Home"  for 
the  service  men  in  the  summer  of  1919,  and  helped  with  other  war  work. 

Mrs.  J.  A.  Bohrer  served  as  chairman  of  the  Civilian  Relief  Com- 
mittee from  March,  1917,  until  July  1st,  1919.  She  is  an  active  woman 
in  community  enterprises,  being  vice-president  of  the  Girls'  Industrial 
Home,  Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  McLean  County 
Tuberculosis  Association  and  one  of  the  commissioners  of  Fairview 
sanatorium. 

The  Conservation  Committee  was  headed  by  Mrs.  Spencer  Ewing 
from  April,  1917.  Mrs.  Ewing  was  a  long  time  president  of  the  Day 
Nursery  Association,  and  was  known  as  a  leader  of  philanthropic  enter- 
prises. She  was  moving  spirit  in  war  conservation  work  among  women, 


126 McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

and  their  work  established  the  Home  Bureau  of  the  county  upon  a 
permanent  basis. 

The  Educational  Committee  was  headed  by  Miss  Nellie  Parham  from 
November,  1917.  Prior  to  that  time  the  organization  of  instruction 
classes  was  arranged  by  the  chairman  of  the  Nursing  Committee.  Miss 
Parham  is  librarian  of  the  public  library,  vice  president  of  the  Day 
Nursery  Association,  and  was  also  member  of  the  woman's  committee 
of  the  Council  of  National  Defense. 

Mayor  E.  E.  Jones  served  since  February,  1917,  as  chairman  of  the 
finance  committee.  As  mayor  and  chairman  of  the  local  committee  of 
the  Council  of  National  Defense  he  was  prominent  in  war  work. 

Dr.  E.  Mammen  was  chairman  of  the  First  Aid  Committee  from 
February,  1917.  He  is  a  leading  medical  practitioner,  pioneer  in  the 
county  Anti-tuberculosis  society,  member  of  the  county  exemption  board 
for  the  city  district  and  worker  in  all  war  relief  campaigns. 

Miss  Margaret  Robinson  served  from  April,  1917,  as  chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Home  Hygiene  and  Care  of  the  Sick.  She  is  a  Red 
Cross  nurse  and  had  conducted  clinics  and  dispensary  at  the  Day  Nursery. 
Her  specialty  is  child  welfare  and  infant  feeding. 

The  Hospital  Garments  and  Supplies  Committee  headed  by  Mrs.  Guy 
McCurdy  from  January,  1918.  She  is  president  of  the  Woman 's  Club 
and  of  the  board  of  managers  of  the  Withers  Home  for  aged  women. 
She  is  active  in  public  enterprises. 

The  Committee  on  Junior  Memberships  was  in  charge  of  Miss  Mary 
A.  Kromer  from  February  to  September,  1918.  She  is  supervisor  of  the 
primary  grades  of  the  public  schools.  When  Miss  Kromer  resigned  she 
was  succeeded  by  Mrs.  M.  B.  Folsom,  former  Junior  Member  secretary, 
who  ably  handled  the  work. 

Mrs.  F.  W.  Aldrich  served  as  chairman  of  the  Knitting  and  General 
Supplies  Committee  from  May,  1917.  She  is  a  member  of  the  board  of 
directors  of  the  Girls'  Industrial  Home,  former  president  of  the  Day 
Nursery  Association. 

Paul  F.  Beich  served  from  February,  1917,  as  chairman  of  the  Mem- 
bership Committee.  He  is  president  of  the  Paul  F.  Beich  Company,  presi- 
dent of  the  National  Candy  Makers'  Association  and  vice  president  of 
the  American  State  Bank  of  Bloomington.  He  is  prominently  connected 
with  civic  and  commercial  interests. 

Miss  Lulu  J.  Justis  was  chairman  of  the  Nursing  Committee  from 
February,  1917.  She  is  superintendent  of  Brokaw  hospital,  is  president 
of  the  Sixth  District  of  the  Illinois  Nurses'  Association.  She  supervised 
the  first  instruction  classes  before  the  educational  committee  was  ap- 
pointed. 

T.  P.  Murray,  local  freight  agent  for  the  Alton  railroad,  served  as 
chairman  of  the  Packing  and  Shipping  Committee  from  February,  1917, 
to  March,  1919.  He  was  succeeded  by  C.  W.  Brayshaw.  Both  served 
very  efficiently. 

Louis  O.  Eddy  served  as  chairman  of  the  publicity  committee  from 
February,  1917.  He  furnished  matter  for  the  newspapers  in  practically 
all  of  the  campaigns  during  the  war,  and  his  experience  as  a  professional 
advertising  writer  served  him  in  good  stead. 

The  Purchasing  and  Distributing  Committee  was  headed  by  Mrs. 
Louie  Forman,  with  Mrs.  Harry  L.  Fleming  as  vice  chairman.  Mrs. 
Forman  served  from  February,  1917,  and  for  many  months  gave  prac- 
tically all  her  time  to  the  work  of  the  headquarters  in  the  production 
of  hospital  and  other  supplies.  Mrs.  Fleming  served  for  the  same  length 
of  time.  During  the  same  period  she  was  called  upon  to  serve  as  state 
president  of  the  Parent-Teachers'  Association. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 127 

Mrs.  Fred  B.  Capen  began  in  October,  1917,  her  work  as  chairman 
of  the  (Surgical  Dressings  Committee.  She  was  one  of  the  first  Bloom- 
ington  women  to  qualify  as  instructor  in  preparation  of  surgical  dress- 
ings. She  was  chairman  of  the  social  service  committee  of  the  Woman's 
club,  and  first  president  of  Victory  Hall,  the  county  institution  for 
orphaned  boys. 

The  personnel  of  the  county  branches  of  the  Bed  Cross  were  com- 
posed of  many  of  the  leading  men  and  women  of  their  several  communi- 
ties. All  these,  with  the  assistance  of  others  whose  names  never  ap- 
peared on  committees  or  as  officers,  gave  of  time  and  money  in  the  many 
war  projects.  The  list  of  officers  in  the  several  branches  were  as  follows: 

Anchor — P.  F.  Eoberts,  chairman;  Samuel  Davis,  vice  chairman; 
Mrs.  J.  H.  Thedens,  secretary;  Miss  Minnie  Martens,  treasurer. 

Arrowsmith — Mrs.  Frank  Golden,  chairman;  Miss  Grace  Slingloff, 
secretary;  Eaymond  Webber,  treasurer. 

Bellflower — A.  F.  Gooch,  chairman;  Eev.  A.  E.  Simons,  vice  chair- 
man; Eev.  E.  E,  Higdon,  secretary;  J.  E.  Troster,  treasurer. 

Carlock — E.  E.  Moore,  chairman;  Arthur  Brennan,  vice  chairman; 
Mrs.  J.  K.  Esh,  secretary;  H.  G.  Carlock,  treasurer. 

Chenoa. — P.  C.  Gillespie,  chairman;  Eev.  W.  P.  Burke,  vice  chairman; 
Mrs.  V.  L.  Nickel,  secretary  and  treasurer. 

Coif  ax — Eev.  H.  H.  Jenner,  chairman;  Mrs.  W.  Mclntosh,  vice 
chairman;  Mrs.  E.  F.  Eoe,  secretary;  A.  E.  Tunks,  treasurer. 

Cooksville — Mrs.  E.  E.  Wunderlin,  chairman;  Mrs.  C.  J.  Baum,  vice 
chairman;  Miss  Grace  W.  Brown,  secretary  and  treasurer. 

Covell — Mrs.  Homer  Johnson,  chairman;  Mrs.  C.  Barclay,  vice  chair- 
man; Mrs.  W.  C.  Eodgers,  secretary;  Mrs.  Belle  Hougham,  treasurer. 

Cropsey — C.  H.  Pratt,  chairman;  Mrs.  Lee  Warrock,  vice  chairman; 
Mrs.  W.  H.  Groom,  secretary;  J.  H.  Barnes,  treasurer. 

Danvers — Eev.  E.  Sommer,  chairman;  Louis  Berg,  vice  chairman; 
Mrs.  E.  J.  Williams,  secretary;  O.  P.  Skaggs,  treasurer. 

Downs — Mrs.  G.  G.  Dooley,  chairman;  Mrs.  Sylvia  Adams,  vice 
chairman;  Mrs.  Jessie  Adams,  secretary;  Miss  Hortense  Dodds,  treasurer. 

Dry  Grove  Township — Mrs.  J.  Birckelbaw,  chairman;  Mrs.  Frank 
Bramwell,  vice  chairman;  Miss  Florence  Kinsinger,  secretary  and  treas- 
urer. 

Ellsworth — Mrs.  C.  O.  Skaggs,  chairman;  Mrs.  A.  Dennis,  vice  chair- 
man; Miss  Jennie  Johnson,  secretary;  C.  A.  Shinkle,  treasurer. 

Gridley — W.  D.  Castle,  chairman;  E.  F.  Kent,  vice  chairman;  Mrs. 
Mattie  Coyle,  secretary;  Henry  Blessman,  treasurer. 

Heyworth — Eev.  J.  E.  Evans,  chairman;  Mrs.  Irene  Jones,  vice 
chairman;  E.  M.  Ayers,  secretary;  Albion  C.  Lake,  treasurer. 

Holder — Mrs.  Anna  Dixon  Coale,  chairman;  Mrs.  M.  Wightman,  vice 
chairman;  Mrs.  James  Tearney,  secretary;  Mrs.  Fred  Boston,  treasurer. 

Hudson — Miss  Lora  Johnston,  chairman;  Mrs.  J.  C.  Gaddis,  vice 
chairman;  Walter  Schad,  secretary;  Miss  Irene  Johnston,  treasurer. 

Leroy — Mrs.  E.  E.  Sargent,  chairman;  Mrs.  C.  Vande venter,  vice 
chairman;  Miss  Grace  Dolly,  secretary;  H.  H.  Crumbaugh,  treasurer. 

Lexington — Mrs.  Charles  Arnold,  chairman;  Mrs.  E.  A.  Kennedy, 
vice  chairman;  Mrs.  F.  C.  Wise,  secretary  and  treasurer. 

McLean — Eev.  C.  H.  Thrall,  chairman;  Mrs.  Deane  Funk,  vice  chair- 
man; Mrs.  Fannie  Baker,  secretary;  S.  B.  VanNess,  treasurer. 

Merna — Mrs.  M.  Kinsella,  chairman;  Miss  Ella  Moore  vice  chair- 
man; Miss  Mary  Larkin.  secretary  and  treasurer. 

Normal — B.  C.  Moore,  chairman;  Miss  J.  Eose  Colby,  vice  chaw-man; 
Mrs.  Edna  Bates,  secretary;  L.  H.  Kerrick,  treasurer. 

Saybrook — W.  O.  Butler,  chairman;  L.  Homer,  vice  chairman;  Mrs. 
Maud  C.  Anderson,  secretary;  Francis  Lateer,  treasurer. 


128 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 


SOME    ACTIVE    RED    CROSS    WORKERS 

Upper  row,  left  to  right — Mrs.  Spencer  Ewing,  Miss  Florence  Evans, 
Mrs.  Charles  Carroll  Brown. 

Second  row — Mrs.  E.  R.  Morgan,  Miss  Julia  Holder,  Mrs.  Richard  Ward. 

Third  row — Miss  Lulu  J.  Justis,  Mrs.  Guy  McCurdy,  Mrs.  W.  S.  Harwood, 
Mrs.  A.  V.  S.  Lloyd,  Secretary  Home  Service  Committee. 

Lower  row — Mrs.  Louie  Forman,  Chairman  Purchasing  and  Distributing 
Committee,  Mrs.  Fred  B.  Capen,  Chairman  Surgical  Dressing  Com- 
mittee. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 129 

Shirley — Paul  Neubauer,  chairman;  Mrs.  George  Parks,  vice  chair- 
man; Miss  Esther  Olson,  secretary;  Mrs.  John  Meeks,  treasurer. 

Stanford — O.  S.  Folger,  chairman;  Mrs.  S.  T.  Gavins,  vice  chairman; 
Miss  Mabel  Bender,  secretary;  Sam  Wright,  treasurer. 

Towanda — I.  N.  Crayton,  chairman;  Mrs.  F.  Windier,  vice  chairman; 
Miss  Carey  Crichton,  secretary;  Miss  Opal  Gregory,  treasurer. 

Weston — Edgar  Johnson,  chairman;  Mrs.  Fred  Gilman,  vice  chair- 
man; Ora  Shanks,  secretary  and  treasurer. 

West  Township — Charles  Umstattd,  chairman;  Mrs.  P.  Murray,  vice 
chairman;  Mrs.  William  Dean,  secretary  and  treasurer. 

Chapter  Office — Mrs.  N.  D.  McKinney  was  secretary  and  office  man- 
ager thruout  the  war  period.  In  addition  to  the  usual  and  regular  duties 
of  a  chapter  secretary  and  office  manager,  all  the  work  of  preparing  and 
filing  membership  cards  was  done  under  the  secretary 's  supervision.  A 
complete  file  of  all  memberships  in  McLean  county  was  i\.ept  in  the 
office.  The  branch  correspondence,  covering  administration,  membership, 
finances,  and  miscellaneous  matters  were  handled  from  this  office.  The 
secretary  collected  the  first  and  second  war  fund  subscriptions  and  acted 
as  treasurer  for  the  Junior  Red  Cross. 

Canteen — Capt.  C.  L.  Hills,  chairman.  The  canteen  committee  was 
composed  of  a  captain  and  22  privates.  From  September,  1917,  and 
during  the  winter  months  following,  there  was  very  little  troop  move- 
ment, and  the  committee  worked  on  a  call  basis,  serving  whenever  noti- 
fied of  trrop  trains  being  due,  or  other  duty. 

On  June  15,  1918,  the  Canteen  committee  was  organized  on  the  gov- 
ernment plan  and  all  members  sworn  into  the  service.  Uniforms  were 
secured  and  a  daily  assignment  of  service  was  established  for  regular 
trains,  and  when  troop  trains  arrived  the  whole  committee  was  in  at- 
tendance at  the  station  to  serve  them. 

In  August  a  canteen  hut  was  built  at  the  Union  depot.  All  the 
labor  and  most  of  the  materials  were  donated  by  citizens.  The  con- 
veniences of  the  hut  materially  improved  the  service  and  comfort  of 
the  workers.  An  equipment  for  first  aid  service  was  kept  there  and  used 
on  a  number  of  occasions.  The  hut  also  served  as  a  rest  room  for  mothers 
and  other  relatives  who  had  come  long  distances  for  a  brief  visit  with 
their  soldier  and  sailor  boys  as  they  passed  through  on  the  trains,  and 
many  a  long  and  sad  hour  for  the  waiting  one  was  made  brighter  by 
the  substantial  cheer  given  by  the  Canteen  wyorkers.  Many  letters  came 
to  the  chapter  from  the  men  and  their  families  testifying  to  the  value 
and  appreciation  of  this  service.  The  committee  also  provided  a  folder 
of  heavy  ledger  paper  for  the  military  history  of  the  soldiers,  which  was 
given  to  the  men  to  fill  out  and  keep. 

A  special  feature  of  the  service  by  the  Canteen  workers  was  that 
they  raised  a  large  portion  of  the  funds  used  in  their  work.  Two  con- 
fectionery stores,  C.  D.  Phillos  and  Louis  Baldwin,  donated  the  gross  re- 
ceipts of  one  day's  sales  for  the  benefit  of  the  canteen  worfe.  The 
Canteen  Committee  had  full  charge  of  the  stores  on  these  days,  furnish- 
ing the  cashier  and  other  helpers.  The  committee  also  held  several  lawn 
fetes  for  the  benefit  of  this  work,  and  gave  a  great  ball  in  the  court 
house,  which  was  attended  by  thousands. 

The  records  of  the  Canteen  work  show  that  from  June,  1918,  to  No- 
vember, 1918,  an  average  of  3,000  soldiers  and  sailors  per  month  were 
served  with  coffee,  sandwiches,  fruit,  cigarettes,  chewing  gum,  postcards, 
and  many  useful  articles.  The  largest  number  served  in  any  one  month 
was  5,854  in  September,  1918.  The  committee  manufactured  2,000  leather 
tobacco  pouches,  which  were  filled  with  tobacco  and  given  to  the  soldiers 
and  sailors.  They  also  made  5,000  folders  for  stationery,  pencil,  and 
other  small  articles,  and  on  the  inside  cover  a  suggestion  was  printed 


130 McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR        

that  when  empty,  the  case  be  used  to  put  mother's  letters  in.  These 
^olders  were  given  to  men  as  they  passed  through  on  trains. 

From  September  1,  1917,  to  September  1,  1918,  52,924  men  were 
served. 

Total  value  of  supplies  distributed  in  that  period,  $3,086.88. 

Of  this  amount,   $2,900.63   was  purchased   and   $186.25   contributed. 

Average  cost  per  man  served,  6  cents. 

The  active  work  of  the  Canteen  Committee  ended  on  October  1st, 
1919.  On  the  evening  of  October  2  the  chapter  chairman  and  canteen 
chairman  gave  a  dinner  for  the  entire  committee  at  the  home  of  Capt. 
Hills.  A  formal  discharge  certificate,  signed  by  the  chairman  and  cap- 
tain commanding,  and  showing  the  period  of  service,  was  given  to  each 
member. 

It  was  then  decided  to  reorganize  into  a  "Ked  Cross  Eeserve  Can- 
teen Corps,"  with  the  same  chairman  as  captain.  The  purpose  is  to 
have  a  reserve  corps  which  can  report  immediately  prepared  for  service 
in  case  of  disaster  or  calamity  of  any  kind  in  the  community.  Part  of 
the  Hut  equipment  was  kept  for  this  use.  An  annual  dinner  and  reunion 
of  the  workers  will  be  held  to  'perpetuate  the  splendid  principles  of  can- 
teen service  and  prolong  the  beautiful  spirit  of  comradeship  formed 
among  the  workers. 

Conservation  Committee — Mrs.  Spencer  Ewing,  chairman.  In  the 
early  summer  of  1917  a  Food  Conservation  committee  was  appointed.  This 
committee  divided  the  city  into  districts  and  began  a  systematic  campaign 
of  education  on  ' '  food  thrift. ' '  The  idea  was  to  show  women  generally 
the  importance  of  knowing  comparative  food  values  and  a  balanced  ration 
as  applied  to  health  and  sustenance  of  members  of  the  family.  Also  to 
teach  them  to  use  food  substitutes  with  which  they  had  not  had  experi- 
ence. The  work  was  carried  on  thru  Mothers'  Clubs  of  the  public  schools, 
the  Settlement  House  and  small  community  groups.  Much  publicity  was 
given  to  the  subject  thru  the  newspapers,  and  printed  letters  were  dis- 
tributed to  the  homes. 

The  four  domestic  science  schools  co-operated,  and  practical  ways  of 
saving  meat,  wheat,  sugar  and  fats  were  worked  out.  Exhibits  were  ar- 
ranged attractively  in  the  long  corridors  of  the  high  school  building  dur- 
ing the  convention  of  the  State  Farmers'  Institute,  and,  as  delegates  were 
present  from  all  parts  of  the  state,  the  exhibits  seemed  to  be  more  than 
of  local  value  as  an  educational  feature  of  war  work. 

In  March,  1918,  a  war  kitchen  was  conducted  for  one  week  in  a  cen- 
tral (location  in  Bloomington,  which  supplemented  the  work  of  the  food 
exhibit.  Trained  experts  from  the  University  of  Illinois  gave  instruction. 
During  the  week,  600  persons  attended  to  learn  of  the  new  cookery. 

Another  phase  of  conservation  work  was  an  institute  for  the  remodel- 
ing of  clothing.  This  was  attended  by  284  people  who  were  shown  prac- 
tical ways  of  making  over  garments  of  all  kinds,  and  24  teachers  were 
trained  to  give  instruction  in  this  work  in  their  respective  communities. 

Early  in  June,  1918,  the  food  conservation  committee  increased  the 
scope  of  its  work  to  cover  all  of  McLean  county.  A  trained  worker  in 
household  affairs  was  employed  as  Home  Advisor,  and  a  sustaining  body, 
the  McLean  County  Home  Improvement  Association  was  organized.  Then 
followed  a  municipal  canning  center  and  other  activities.  Today  there  is 
a  permanent  organization  called  the  Home  Bureau,  which  employs  a  full 
time  home  advisor  for  the  housewives  of  McLean  county,  who  visits  the 
different  localities  at  stated  intervals  for  lectures  and  demonstrations,  and 
also  furnishes  advice  by  correspondence.  The  funds  to  carry  on  this  work 
are  secured  partly  by  state  aid  and  the  balance  by  individual  memberships. 
In  the  first  six  months  the  home  advisor  traveled  2,700  miles,  distributed 
5,000  bulletins,  wrote  700  letters  and  gave  one  hundred  demonstrations 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 131 

and  lectures  that  reached  33,000  people,  besides  attending  to  office  work 
and  conferences.  A  bulletin  is  published  monthly  by  the  Bureau  chairman 
and  home  adviser,  and  distributed  to  the  members. 

Educational  Committee — Miss  Nellie  E.  Parham,  chairman.  The  prin- 
cipal work  of  this  committee  was  making  arrangements  for  the  instruction 
classes  in  First  Aid  and  Home  Hygiene  and  care  of  the  sick.  Classes  were 
organized  in  first  aid  in  March  and  April,  1917,  and  meetings  held  at 
Brokaw  hospital  under  the  supervision  of  Miss  Justis,  hospital  superintend- 
ent, with  Misses  Margaret  Robinson,  and  Alice  0.  Smith,  Red  Cross  nurses. 
Members  of  the  McLean  County  Medical  Association  donated  their  services 
as  instructors.  Ten  out  of  the  first  class  of  twenty  took  the  examination 
and  all  passed  very  creditably  and  received  certificates  from  Washington. 
Succeeding  classes  were  organized  and  meetings  held  in  rooms  at  the  public 
library,  which  had  been  fitted  with  proper  equipment  for  the  work. 

The  influenza  epidemic  in  October  and  November,  1918,  furnished  an 
opportunity  for  the  practical  application  of  knowledge  acquired  in  home 
nursing  and  public  welfare,  and  the  graduates  of  the  classes  gave  splendid 
service  at  this  time.  Some  of  the  graduates  have  since  taken  great  interest 
in  general  health  affairs  of  the  community.  A  large  class  finished  the 
course  in  home  hygiene  in  1919.  The  educational  committee  will  continue 
efforts  to  interest  both  men  and  women  in  such  instruction,  as  a  prepared- 
ness measure  for  all  times.  One  of  the  instructors,  Miss  Robinson,  also 
taught  classes  in  adjoining  towns. 

Membership— Paul  F.  Belch,  chairman.  The  membership  committee 
started  its  work  with  a  campaign  in  March,  1917,  when  the  membership 
was  174,  and  followed  with  another  campaign  in  August  of  that  year, 
bringing  the  total  membership  to  7,000.  To  this  was  added  the  number 
of  First  War  Fund  subscribers  who  were  entitled  to  membership  which 
increased  the  number  to  11,398. 

The  next  campaign  of  the  committee  was  the  Christmas  roll  call  of 
1917,  and  that  further  increased  the  enrollment  to  1(3,000.  The  member- 
ship work  was  continued  by  the  chapter  secretary  sending  requests  for 
renewals  month  after  month  to  those  who  had  not  -renewed  during  the 
Christmas  roll  call.  This  method  resulted  in  getting  many  renewals 
which  otherwise  would  have  been  lost.  The  roll  call  of  1918  was  a 
success,  but  after  that  there  was  a  steady  decrease.  The  active  mem- 
bership on  September  1,  1919,  was  14,700. 

Nursing — Miss  Lulu  J.  Justis,  chairman.  Bloomington  chapter  was 
fortunate  in  having  for  the  head  of  its  nursing  committee  a  woman  whose 
ability  and  experience  qualified  her  to  fill  the  position  of  president  of 
the  Sixth  District  Red  Cross  Nurses'  Association  of  Illinois,  and  who 
months  before  our  own  country  entered  the  war,  realized  that  the  re- 
sponsibilities of  the  nursing  profession  were  to  be  heavy.  Miss  Justis 
at  once  began  arrangements  for  enrolling  the  nurses  of  the  district,  and 
by  December,  1918,  83  were  enrolled  for  immediate  service.  Bloomington 
headed  the  list  with  33  in  active  service  and  five  available  on  January 
1,  1919,  should  they  be  needed.  In  enrolling  the  nurses  for  future  service, 
the  chairman  had  in  mind  that  the  activities  of  the  nursing  service 
would  not  end  with  the  war;  that  disease  which  accompanied  the  war 
would  require  the  skill  and  patience  of  American  nurses  to  rebuild  the 
health  of  war  scarred  nations. 

Publicity — Louis  O.  Eddy,  chairman.  The  committee  was  fortunate 
in  having  this  experienced  advertising  writer  to  direct  its  activities.  The 
two  daily  papers,  the  Pantagraph  and  Bulletin,  generously  donated  much 
space  in  their  news  columns,  and  also  considerable  display  advertising 
space.  Their  advertising  rates  for  space  paid  for,  were  considerably 
cut  down  during  the  campaigns.  Merchants  and  manufacturers  in  many 
cases  allowed  the  Red  Cross  to  use  their  contracted  space  in  the  news- 


132 McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 

papers.  Business  houses  allowed  use  of  their  show  windows.  Roy  Smith 
deserves  mention  for  his  work  in  distributing  advertising  posters  and 
Bed  Cross  literature  free  of  charge.  During  the  influenza  epidemic  the 
Boy  Scouts  aided  in  distributing  instruction  sheets  in  residence  districts. 

Purchasing  and  Distributing — Mrs.  Louie  Forman,  chairman;  Mrs. 
H.  L.  Fleming,  vice  chairman.  In  the  beginning  of  the  war  work,  the 
purchasing  and  distributing  was  taken  care  of  by  the  hospital  supplies 
committee.  It  was  convenient  and  desirable  for  the  branches  to  do  their 
own  buying,  patronizing  their  local  merchants  and  thus  creating  good 
feeling.  At  that  time  the  stores  were  well  stocked  with  materials.  The 
qualities  and  colors  had  then  not  been  standardized.  As  materials  grew 
scarcer  it  became  necessary  to  order  from  outside  for  the  chapter  and 
branches  as  well. 

An  electric  cutting  machine  was  installed,  and  then  materials  neces- 
sarily had  to  be  uniform  in  weight  and  width.  Goods  were  sold  by  the 
bolt  to  branches  and  cut  for  them.  This  system  was  followed  till  July, 
1918,  when  the  quota  system  of  production  became  effective  in  all  de- 
partments. The  committee  conformed  promptly  to  all  changes  in  methods 
of  production  received  from  Central  Division,  and  impressed  upon  work- 
ers the  importance  of  maintaining  the  highest  standard  of  production. 
The  committee  kept  records  of  all  branch  shipments  and  shipments  to 
Central  Division. 

The  first  shipment  of  hospital  garments  and  supplies  was  sent  to 
Bush  Terminal,  New  York,  on  May  21,  1917,  and  from  there  direct  to 
France.  It  consisted  of  eight  boxes  of  supplies  and  two  cases  of  surgical 
dressings.  One  of  the  treasures  of  the  committee  is  a  letter  from  a 
hospital  in  France  receipting  for  these  supplies  and  expressing  gratitude. 
The  committee  rendered  excellent  service  in  purchasing  and  distributing 
supplies  and  equipment  used  in  the  four  emergency  hospitals  which  the 
chapter  established  during  the  epidemic  of  influenza  in  October  and 
November,  1918,  and  in  re-assembling  them  when  the  hospitals  were 
closed.  A  bulletin  was  issued  at  intervals  with  instructions  to  branches 
and  workshops. 

In  November,  1917,  the  work  in  all  departments  of  production  had 
increased  to  such  large  proportions  that  larger  and  more  commodious 
quarters  were  obtained.  Each  department  had  its  separate  quarters  and 
thereafter  were  able  to  wTork  to  the  best  advantage.  Practically  all  the 
work  shop  printing  was  done  free  of  charge,  or  at  the  cost  of  the  paper, 
by  the  boys  in  the  printing  department  of  the  public  schools,  under 
direction  of  Miss  Etta  Walker.  The  wonderful  success  of  the  produc- 
tion as  a  whole  is  best  expressed  in  the  words  of  the  chairman  in  her 
last  annual  report,  as  follows: 

' '  The  spirit  of  the  workers  thruout  the  county  has  continued  from 
the  first  to  be  the  finest  thing  we  have  ever  known.  It  is  often  hard 
to  obey  orders  without  question,  and  the  farther  one  is  from  the  source 
the  more  difficult  it  is  to  see  the  reason  for  some  of  them." 

Hospital  Garments  and  Supplies — Mrs.  Guy  McCurdy,  chairman.  This 
department  had  three  definite  lines  of  work — hospital  garments,  hospital 
supplies  and  refugee  garments.  The  organized  plan  of  group  sewing  in 
the  early  summer  of  1917  gave  way  to  individual  and  unit  consignments 
to  mothers'  clubs,  church  societies,  fraternal  organizations  and  social 
sewing  clubs  at  regular  or  occasional  intervals. 

One  of  the  most  interesting  groups  was  "The  Girls  of  '61"  or- 
ganized by  Mrs.  Sue  Pike  Sanders,  who  conceived  the  idea  of  getting 
together  the  women  of  the  community  who  had  worked  for  the  soldiers 
of  the  civil  war.  Mrs.  Sanders  had  been  a  leader  in  the  war  activities 
of  that  period.  There  were  no  dues  for  those  joining  the  group,  but  each 
woman  paid  a  small  fee  at  each  meeting,  and  thus  a  fund  was  created 
to  buy  yarn.  The  membership  reached  125,  all  members  of  Bed  Cross. 


133 


GROUP    OF   LEADERS   IN  RED   CROSS   WORK 


Top  row,  left  to  right  —  Mrs.  M.  B.  Folsom,   Mrs.  Mabel  H.  Seymour, 

Mrs.  Harry  L.  Fleming. 
Second  row,  left  to  right  —  Mrs.  Jacob  Bohrer,  T.  P.  Murray,  Mrs.  Frank 

W.  Aldrich. 
Third  row,  left  to  right  —  Miss  Nellie  Parham,  Miss  Margaret  Eobinson, 

Mrs.  J.  T.  Sanders. 


134 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

It  was  an  inspiring  sight  to  see  these  women,  who  as  girls,  had  sewed 
and  worked  for  the  boys  of  '61,  the  boys  in  blue,  now  knitting  and 
sewing  for  the  boys  in  khaki,  and  setting  a  commendable  example  to 
the  girls  of  today.  They  also  made  many  articles  of  comfort  for  refugees. 

In  November,  1917,  the  work  shop  was  moved  to  the  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
building,  and  cutting,  previously  done  by  hand,  was  now  done  by  an 
electric  cutting  machine  donated  by  business  men.  Mrs.  Arthur  Koss 
was  in  charge,  with  Mrs.  Richard  Ward  assisting.  The  machine  also  did 
the  cutting  for  the  branches. 

The  fine  workmanship  shown  by  the  chapter  and  its  branches,  brought 
great  credit  to  the  chapter,  placing  it  in  the  '-Star  Class"  both  for 
quality  and  quantity  of  output.  A  request  from  Central  Division  for 
375  model  garments  to  be  completed  and  shipped  within  three  weeks 
was.  successfully  handled.  Two  big  drives  for  clothing  for  French  and 
Belgian  Belief  were  conducted  under  the  supervision  of  Mrs.  E.  R. 
Morgan,  vice  chairman  of  the  department,  assisted  by  Mrs.  Willis  Har- 
wood  and  Mrs.  Henry  Keiser. 

Too  much  praise  could  not  be  given  the  women  of  the  rural  com- 
munities and  small  towns  for  their  sacrifice  and  service  in  this  and  other 
lines  of  Red  Cross  work.  They  maintained  a  high  standard  of  work- 
manship, and  the  quantity  of  their  output  was  a  marvelous  exhibition 
of  practically  unceasing  and  painstaking  labor. 

Surgical  Dressings — Mrs.  Fred  B.  Capen,  chairman.  One  of  the  first 
things  considered  by  Bloomington  chapter  in  February,  1917,  was  the 
need  of  instruction  classes.  Instructors  in  first  aid  and  home  nursing 
could  be  found  among  the  physicians  and  Red  Cross  nurses,  but  prepara- 
tion of  surgical  dressings  called  for  special  instruction  before  classes 
could  be  taught.  Miss  Carolyn  Schertz,  head  surgical  nurse  at  Brokaw 
hospital,  was  sent  to  Chicago  in  March  for  necessary  training.  On  her 
return,  twenty  women  enrolled  for  the  first  class.  Interest  was  great 
and  the  women  did  splendid  work.  Miss  Schertz  taught  four  classes  dur- 
ing the  summer,  assisted  by  Miss  Margaret  Robinson,  who  also  had  taken 
special  training  for  instructor.  A  staff  of  eight  qualified  as  instructors: 
Miss  Schertz,  Miss  Robinson,  Mrs.  AVillis  Harwood,  Mrs.  F.  B.  Capen, 
Mrs.  Kern  Beath  for  Bloomington,  and  Mrs.  Frawley,  Mrs.  Deane  Funk 
and  Miss  Vance  for  the  branches.  Eleven  classes  were  conducted  and  185 
finished  the  course  and  qualified  as  supervisors  to  teach  volunteer  work- 
ers. One  of  the  classes  was  Composed  of  women  from  the  branches,  and 
nine  out  of  this  class  qualified  as  supervisors.  Some  of  the  branch  mem- 
bers of  previous  classes  also  became  supervisors,  making  a  total  of  16 
surgical  dressings  workshops  in  the  branches. 

Early  in  the  summer  of  1917  the  need  of  a  place  where  volunteers 
might  help  make  surgical  dressings  was  recognized,  and  Mrs.  W.  S. 
Harwood  opened  a  room  in  her  home,  and  the  results  were  more  satis- 
factory than  had  been  anticipated.  Later  another  volunteer  shop  was 
opened  downtown. 

During  the  summer  another  volunteer  workshop  was  opened  at  the 
Bloomington  Country  club,  and  many  availed  themselves  of  the  oppor- 
tunity to  work  there. 

In  August,  1917,  Miss  Schertz  left  to  enter  the  service  of  her  country 
as  an  overseas  Red  Cross  nurse.  The  impress  of  her  high  standards  re- 
mained here  after  she  was  gone,  and  as  long  as  this  work  was  required. 
She  was  succeeded  by  Miss  Robinson  as  chairman. 

The  first  week,  456  dressings  were  made,  the  second  week  744  and 
the  third  week  1264.  This  was  then  thought  to  be  a  fine  record,  but 
the  work  grew  until  monthly  quotas  of  from  25,000  to  30,000  dressings 
were  being  filled  promptly.  From  just  giving  a  half  hour's  time  occa- 
sionally by  women  who  dropped  in,  the  department  developed  into  a 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THK    WORLD    WAR  135 

regular  manufacturing  plant  where  women  gave  whole  days  of  their 
time.  There  was  one  worker,  Miss  Ida  Evans,  who  was  at  her  table 
every  day  with  but  few  exceptions,  from  July,  1917,  until  the  shop 
closed.  She  made  a  total  of  40,108  dressings.  The  chairman's  report 
says  of  Miss  Evans:  "We  owe  much  to  her  loyal,  faithful  service  and 
feel  that  much  of  our  success  has  been  due  to  her  fine  spirit  and  will- 
ingness to  help  at  all  times." 

The  work  was  thoroly  systematized,  with  a  corps  of  efficient  workers 
in  charge  of  cutting,  inspection  and  packing,  and  results  showed  the 
value  of  team  work.  The  production  is  one  that  the  chapter  may  be 
proud  of,  and  there  is  no  estimating  the  value  of  the  fellowship  enjoyed 
and  friendships  formed  during  this  period.  The  first  shipment  of  surg- 
ical dressings  on  May  21,  1917,  consisted  of  two  small  boxes.  This  and 
a  second  shipment  were  consigned  direct  to  France,  and  arrived  safely. 
All  later  shipments  were  sent  to  Central  Division,  Chicago. 

Knitting — Mrs.  F.  W.  Aldrich,  chairman.  Among  the  faithful  sol- 
diers of  the  great  volunteer  army  at  home  were  the  knitters.  This  de- 
partment was  started  in  July,  1917.  At  first,  two  afternoons  a  week 
were  thought  sufficient  for  consultation  and  instruction,  but  after  the 
first  week  it  was  found  necessary  to  have  some  one  in  attendance  every 
day.  Several  hundred  persons  were  taught,  and  each  one  furnished  her 
own  yarn  when  learning.  At  first,  knitting  rules  were  not  strict.  The 
first  shipment  of  socks,  made  on  small  needles  and  with  toes  and  heels 
which  would  not  pass  inspection  a  year  later,  were  readily  accepted. 
Changes  in  directions  and  inspections  were  finally  followed  until  the 
"army  standard"  became  the  knitter's  motto.  There  were  about  3,000 
names  of  knitters  on  the  department's  records,  being  about  evenly  di- 
vided between  chapter  and  branches,  and  it  is  worthy  of  mention  that 
a  few  of  them  were  men.  School  boys  printed  the  knitting  instructions 
and  rules  for  washing. 

Numerous  tests  of  the  swiftness  of  flying  fingers  were  made  when 
large  quotas  of  knitted  articles  and  garments  were  requisitioned  within 
a  time  limit,  and  it  is  to  the  honor  and  credit  of  the  workers  that  the 
Chapter  was  able  to  meet  every  demand  on  time. 

Packing  and  Shipping — T.  P.  Murray,  chairman;  C.  L.  Brayshaw, 
assistant.  This  committee  began  active  work  in  May,  1917,  when  the 
first  shipment  of  eight  boxes  of  hospital  garments  and  supplies  and  two 
cases  of  surgical  dressings  were  consigned  to  Bush  Terminal,  New  York, 
from  where  they  were  forwarded  to  France  without  repacking.  Instruc- 
tions as  to  packing,  marking  and  invoicing  were  observed  to  the  letter. 
When  word  came  from  France  that  the  supplies  were  received  and  every- 
thing found  in  good  condition,  all  the  workers  felt  that  the  first  line  of 
communication  had  been  established  between  the  producing  department 
of  the  chapter  and  the  place  of  actual  need.  War  did  not  seem  so  far 
away. 

After  the  first  two  shipments  to  France,  the  supplies  were  sent  to 
Central  Division,  Chicago.  Through  the  generosity  of  Bloomington  firms 
and  individuals  in  donating  packing  boxes,  this  department  was  able  to 
operate  at  a  nominal  expense.  The  Johnson  Transfer  &  Fuel  company 
handled  all  shipments  to  and  from  the  freight  depots  free  of  charge 
during  the  entire  period  of  the  war.  The  promptness  of  the  branches 
in  delivering  finished  articles,  and  the  excellent  co-operation  of  the  heads 
of  producing  departments,  made  it  possible  to  maintain  a  regular  weekly 
shipping  day  and  to  get  quotas  out  on  specified  time.  In  addition  to 
handling  the  finished  products,  this  department  shipped  1,200  packages  of 
yarn,  gauze  and  cut  garments  to  the  branches. 

Red  Cross  Exchange — Mrs.  Grace  Wilcox  Funk,  chairman.  On  Octo- 
ber 12,  1918,  a  special  committee  opened  a  Eed  Cross  Exchange.  The  use 
of  a  large  store  room  in  the  Illinois  hotel  building  was  donated  and  was 


136 


artistically  decorated  after  a  plan  representing  a  street  of  shops  in  an 
old  French  village.  All  sorts  of  wearing  apparel,  house  furnishings, 
canned  goods,  vegetables  and  farm  produce  were  donated  and  sold.  A 
Tea  Boom  was  opened  and  became  a  very  popular  place  for  meeting 
one's  friends.  At  Christmas  time  large  quantities  of  toys — old  toys 
renovated  and  repainted — were  sold  at  low  prices,  and  many  children 
of  the  community  had  a  happier  Christmas  with  toys  secured  at  the 
Exchange.  The  Exchange  really  served  a  double  purpose  and  furnished 
an  opportunity  for  people  of  limited  means  to  secure  good  warm  cloth- 
ing at  small  cost  and  in  most  instances  garments  of  a  better  quality 
than  could  be  secured  at  double  the  cost. 

A  "Melting  Pot"  was  one  of  the  features  of  the  Exchange.  Here 
people  brought  articles  of  gold  and  silverware  which  they  donated  to 
the  cause. 

A  salvage  department  was  another  feature.  Auctions  were  held 
every  Saturday  with  satisfactory  results.  When  the  hotel  store  room 
was  required  for  a  business  tenant,  the  Exchange  was  moved  across  the 
street  to  J.  A.  Jordan's  building,  where  it  held  forth  for  several  weeks 
before  being  closed  up  with  a  grand  auction  sale  in  which  all  the  re- 
maining articles  were  disposed  of.  The  Exchange  turned  into  the  Chap- 
ter treasury  the  sum  of  $3,100,  a  splendid  help  to  the  treasury  at  a 
time  when  it  was  much  needed. 

Civilian  Relief — Home  Service  Section — Mrs.  J.  A.  Bohrer,  chair- 
man; Mrs.  A.  V.  S.  Lloyd,  secretary;  Mrs.  E.  W.  Oglevee  in  charge  of 
"Comfort  Kits";  Miss  Florence  B.  Evans  director  of  field  work.  Con- 
sultation Committee,  Mrs.  Mabel  H.  Seymour,  Miss  Margaret  Eobinson 
and  Miss  Jeanette  Johnson. 

Home  Service  was  a  distinctive  enterprise,  not  duplicating,  but  co- 
operation with  other  established  departments  and  agencies.  It  was  the 
designated  agent  of  the  Government  for  helping  soldiers,  sailors  and 
their  families.  There  were  two  lines  of  work:  First,  the  mechanical 
relationship  with  the  Government  through  the  filling  out  of  forms  and 
affidavits  and  the  writing  of  letters;  second,  the  human  relationship 
with  the  family. 

Nearly  three  thousand  men  leaving  for  service  were  supplied  with 
Comfort  Kits.  The  message  carried  by  this  little  gift  seemed  to  have 
a  peculiar  significance,  being  material  evidence  of  friendship  for  the 
soldiers  and  sailors  and  the  folks  left  at  home.  Through  the  contact 
with  the  men  who  called  at  the  Home  Service  office  for  these  kits,  the 
committee  obtained  the  names  and  addresses  of  most  of  the  men  who 
went  into  service  from  McLean  County.  The  majority  of  these  families 
were  able,  especially  with  the  help  of  the  allotments  and  the  government 
allowances  to  maintain  good  standards  of  health,  education  and  industry 
without  relying  upon  outside  service  of  any  kind.  But  in  many  families 
the  power  of  self-help  was  strained  to  the  breaking  point  by  lack  of 
opportunity,  by  ill-health,  or  by  the  sudden  changes  in  economic  and 
social  environment  occasioned  by  the  war.  To  help  maintain  the  essential 
standards  and  the  solidarity  of  these  families  was  the  Home  Service 
worker's  greatest  opportunity  for  helpfulness. 

To  attempt  this  difficult  task  required  a  group  of  trained  workers, 
and  to  meet  the  situation  two  Chapter  Courses  were  held,  consisting  of 
a  series  of  lectures  in  home  service  and  social  welfare,  given  by  repre- 
sentatives from  Central  Division  and  the  University  of  Illinois  and  Chi- 
cago. Mrs.  Mabel  H.  Seymour,  General  Secretary  of  the  Bureau  of 
Social  Service  gave  much  time  to  directing  students  in  the  field  work. 

The  Chapter  was  fortunate  in  having  as  a  leader  in  this  educational 
work  Mrs.  Charles  Carroll  Brown.  Her  work  was  so  successful  that  in 
October,  1918,  Central  Division  called  her  to  a  larger  field  of  service. 
Fifty-five  workers  completed  the  courses  of  instructions,  many  persons 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WO  ELD    WAR 137 

interested  in  social  welfare  throughout  the  County  were  enrolled,  and 
as  a  result  twenty-one  of  the  twenty-seven  Branches  had  each  a  trained 
worker.  This  made  it  possible  to  carry  the  Home  Service  spirit  into 
every  part  of  the  County,  and  to  put  into  the  home  of  almost  every 
soldier  and  sailor  certain  important,  definite  information  which  many 
times  spared  the  family  much  anxiety  and  distress.  Too  much  cannot 
be  said  of  the  fine  wyork  done  by  the  following  Home  Service  Chairmen: 

Anchor — Miss  Minnie  Martens. 

Arrowsmith — Mrs.  H.  A.  Bell. 

Carlock — Mrs.  Elmer  Gerber,  Mrs.  I.  U.  Kopp. 

Chenoa — Mrs.  W.  A.   Chapman. 

Colfax — Mrs.  Du  Bois  Marquis,  Mrs.  R.  B.  Henderson. 

Cooksville — Mrs.  W.  H.  Mahan. 

Cropsey — Mrs.  M.  B.  Meeker. 

Danvers — Mr.  L.  E.  Skaggs,  Rev.  Edwin  Sommer. 

Dry  Grove — Mrs.  H.  N.  Harnes,  Mr.  Edwin  Ropp. 

Gridley— Mrs.  W.  D.  Castle. 

Heyworth— Mrs.  J.  P.  Shelton. 

Holder — Mrs.  Luella  Parker,  Miss  Alma  Geske. 

Hudson — Mrs.  H.  F.  Carrithers,  Mrs.  E.  L.  Burtis. 

Leroy — Mrs.  A.  J.  Keenan,  Mr.  D.  D.  McKay. 

Lexington — Mrs.  J.  V.  McCullough. 

McLean — Rev.  C.  H.  Thrall. 

Normal — Mrs.  W.  H.  Johnson. 

Saybrook — Mrs.  Maude  Crigler  Anderson. 

Stanford — Mr.  W.  C.  Murphy. 

Shirley — Miss  Clara  Douglass,   Mrs.  George  Parke. 

Towanda — Mrs.  Elva  McKenzie. 

Weston — Mrs.  Carrie  Eckhart. 

Home  Service  opportunities  were  legion,  but  the  following  will  il- 
lustrate both  the  need  and  meaning  of  the  service: 

a.  Informing  families  of  their  right  to  allotments  and  government 
allowances,  and  encouraging  them  to  have  their  men  in  the  service  take 
out  insurance. 

b.  Trying  to  understand  by  patient  talks  and  visits  to  the  home 
the  real  problems  of  the  family. 

c.  Caring  for  the  sick  and  convalescent.     The  doctors  and  hospitals 
giving  their  services  in  many  instances. 

d.  Protecting    inexperienced    young    wives    and    comforting   lonely 
mothers. 

e.  Meeting  emergencies  caused  by  delay  in  the  payments  of  allot- 
ments and  allowances,  and  supplementing  these  when  necessary. 

f.*  Maintaining  relations  with  social  agencies,  doctors,  lawyers, 
nurses,  teachers,  ministers  and  priests,  business  men  and  others  who 
were  likely  to  know  of  complications  which  should  have  attention. 

g.  Re-establishing  communication  with  men  in  camps  here  or  over- 
seas in  cases  where  long  periods  of  silence  had  elapsed. 

To  families  where  the  soldier  did  not  return, — where  a  gold  star  re- 
placed the  blue,  the  Home  Service  felt  a  special  call,  and  many  times 
the  silk  American  flag  was  placed  on  the  coffin  by  the  Red  Cross  visitor. 

Too  much  credit  cannot  be  given  to  the  twenty  faithful  visitors  and 
the  helpers  in  the  office.  These  women  responded  to  calls  day  or  night 
and  no  request  from  the  family  of  a  service  man  went  unheeded.  One 
of  the  workers,  seeing  great  need  for  financial  assistance  for  soldiers' 
and  sailors'  families  interested  her  personal  friends  in  this  part  of  the 
relief  and  raised  a  fund  of  $1418  for  special  comforts  for  those  in  need. 

The  interests  of  the  colored  soldiers  and  their  families  were  under 
the  care  of  Mrs.  Fred  Wyche,  who  having  taken  the  Chapter  Course  was 


138 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 139 

well  prepared  for  the  work  and  proved  herself  one  of  the  most  faithful 
of  the  visitors. 

During  the  war  emergency  the  work  was  carried  on  untiringly  by 
volunteers.  With  demobilization,  when  other  Red  Cross  departments 
ceased  activities,  the  Home  Service  work  increased  and  reached  its  peak 
in  the  after-care  service.  Congress  enacted  new  laws,  and  it  was  neces- 
sary for  the  workers  to  keep  accurately  informed  as  to  all  changes  re- 
garding compensations,  insurance,  vocational  training,  bonus,  army  cloth- 
ing, travel  allowance,  land,  etc.,  that  they  might  be  of  real  help  to  the 
former  service  men. 

In  September,  1919,  a  United  States  Public  Health  Surgeon  was 
appointed  for  McLean  County  and  later  a  Dentist,  which  facilitated  the 
work  of  obtaining  compensation,  and  medical  and  hospital  care  for  the 
disabled  soldier. 

Home  Service  touched  the  lives  of  so  many  people  in  so  many  differ- 
ent ways,  that  there  is  scarcely  any  part  of  the  life  of  the  County  with 
which  the  workers  did  not  become  acquainted.  They  were  hurriedly 
brought  together  by  the  emergency  of  the  war.  Many  of  them  are  still 
learning  the  art  of  helping  people,  and  they  do  not  lightly  abandon  the 
friendship  and  confidence  of  the  soldiers  and  sailors  and  their  families. 

Over  6000  persons  called  at  the  office. 

More  than  3000  visits  were  made. 

91  persons  were  given  hospital  care  and  there  were  25  confinement 
cases. 

250  applications  for  bonus  were  sent  in. 

70  affidavits  for  liberty  bonds,  amounting  to  $4750,  filled  out. 

Converted  insurance  amounting  to  over  $100,000. 

Filed   225   compensation  claims,  and   42   insurance   claims. 

130  stranded  men  were  helped. 

Relief  was  given  to  the  amount  of  $14,235.80. 

The  field  work  and  keeping  of  records  was  in  charge  of  Miss  Flor- 
ence B.  Evans,  a  trained  social  service  worker,  and  her  careful  attention 
to  detail  kept  things  running  smoothly.  Twenty  faithful  visitors  re- 
sponded to  calls  night  or  day  to  give  help  or  advice  to  any  soldier's  or 
sailor 's  family. 

Nothing  was  more  appreciated  by  service  men's  families  than  the 
work  of  this  department  in  re-establishing  communication  with  their  men 
in  camps  here  or  abroad  in  eases  where  long  periods  of  silence  had 
elapsed.  In  most  of  these  cases,  letters  had  simply  failed  to  reach 
their  destination.  If  information  came  that  a  man  was  wounded,  it 
was  Home  Service  work  to  proffer  such  help  and  consolation  as  human 
sympathy  could  give. 

Up  to  the  first  of  November,  1918,  all  the  work  of  the  Civilian  Relief 
and  Home  Service  committees  was  performed  by  volunteer  workers,  who 
showed  ability  and  untiring  energy.  One  of  the  workers  in  the  Home 
Service  office,  Miss  Laura  McCurdy,  seeing  great  need  for  financial 
assistance  for  soldiers'  families,  interested  her  personal  friends  in  this 
part  of  the  relief  and  raised  a  fund  of  $1418  for  special  comforts  for 
the  families,  especially  young  mothers  and  prospective  mothers. 

Special  commendation  should  be  given  to  Miss  Mary  B.  Rhoads, 
who  entered  the  office  at  about  the  time  of  the  close  of  the  war,  and  in 
the  strenuous  months  of  the  demobilization  carried  on  the  work  with 
great  efficiency  and  devotion. 

Junior  Membership — Miss  Mary  A.  Kromer,  chairman,  succeeded  by 
Mrs.  M.  B.  Folsom.  This  department  was  organized  in  February,  1918, 
but  little  was  done  that  year  except  in  rural  districts.  A  few  schools 
had  been  making  refugee  garments,  etc.,  prior  to  junior  enrollment,  and 
they  continued  to  the  close  of  the  year.  The  girls  of  the  Bloomington 
high  school  made  surgical  dressings  at  the  chapter  workshop,  and  one 


140 McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

day  was  set  apart  for  them.  Work  of  enrollment  for  1918-19  was  re- 
tarded by  the  influenza  epidemic  in  October.  During  the  year  a  quota 
of  1,500  picture  and  scrap  books  were  made  for  hospital  patients.  The 
manual  training  department  of  the  Bloomington  high  made  50  canes. 
The  Juniors  aided  materially  in  the  sale  of  Red  Cross  Christmas  seals. 

The  enrollment  of  the  Junior  Red  Cross  in  1918  was  70  auxiliaries 
and  6703  pupils.  This  is  a  little  over  50  per  cent  of  the  children  of  the 
county. 

Special  Committee  First  Red  Cross  Fund — Howard  D.  Humphreys, 
general  chairman;  executive  committee,  Mayor  E.  E.  Jones  of  Bloom- 
ington, Chairman  Campbell  Holton  of  the  Bloomington  chapter,  Oscar 
Mandel,  Milton  R.  Livingston,  Alonzo  Dolan,  Paul  F.  Beich,  John  B. 
Lennon,  Dr.  E.  Mammen,  E.  M.  Evans,  and  Dr.  Mclntosh  of  the  Colfax 
branch.  The  publicity  chairman  was  Louis  O.  Eddy,  and  secretary  Mrs. 
N.  D.  McKinney. 

The  county  was  divided  into  districts,  the  city  voting  precinct  bound- 
aries being  used  in  Bloomington,  and  township  boundaries  in  the  outside 
territory.  The  apportionment  of  the  amount  to  be  raised  in  each  district 
was  according  to  the  population.  The  campaign  was  a  strenuous  one, 
being  the  first  big  war  drive  undertaken  in  McLean  county.  Daily 
luncheons  were  held  at  Red  Cross  headquarters  in  the  Durley  building, 
and  reports  made  from  the  city  precincts  and  the  outside  branches. 

The  total  quota  for  the  county  was  $50,000,  and  the  campaign  closed 
with  a  total  of  $68,194.19  pledged,  an  over-subscription  of  36  per  cent. 

Special  Committee  Second  Red  Cross  War  Fund — E.  M.  Evans,  gen- 
eral chairman;  Davis  Ewing,  chairman  for  the  city  of  Bloomington; 
A.  J.  Keenan  of  Leroy,  chairman  for  the  branches;  Louis  O.  Eddy,  pub- 
licity chairman. 

This  campaign  was  conducted  along  the  same  lines  as  the  first,  so 
far  as  apportionment  was  concerned.  A  contest  was  instituted  between 
the  city  and  the  branches  to  see  which  should  capture  a  beautiful  silk 
Red  Cross  flag.  The  flag  was  offered  by  Mr.  Evans,  general  chairman, 
to  the  group  which  should  have  the  largest  percentage  of  oversubscrip- 
tion. The  winner  was  Shirley  branch,  with  an  oversubscription  of  156 
per  cent,  while  Funk's  Grove  township  with  140  percent  oversubscribed 
was  second;  then  came  McLean  branch  with  76  per  cent,  Hudson  with 
43  per  cent  and  the  city  of  Bloomington  with  54  per  cent.  A  special 
fund  was  raised  before  the  campaign  to  pay  the  cost  of  the  campaign. 
C.  E.  Gillen,  proprietor  of  the  Illinois  hotel,  donated  the  use  of  a  large 
corner  room  on  the  ground  floor  for  campaign  headquarters,  and  the 
trustees  of  the  Masonic  temple  gave  the  use  of  their  dining  and  serving 
rooms  for  the  daily  luncheons.  The  quota  assigned  to  McLean  county 
was  $70,000.  The  total  subscriptions  for  the  county  were  $99,460.11,  and 
special  expense  fund  $571,  making  a  grand  total  raised  in  McLean  county 
of  $100,031.11,  an  oversubscription  of  42  per  cent. 

Influenza  Committee — About  the  first  of  October,  1918,  several  cases 
of  the  Spanish  influenza  appeared  in  the  city.  On  the  10th,  authority 
was  received  from  Central  Division  office  for  the  chapter  to  take  steps 
to  combat  the  disease,  which  by  that  time  was  epidemic.  The  same  day 
a  committee  was  appointed,  headed  by  Dr.  Mammen  and  composed  of 
Red  Cross  workers  in  the  nursing  department,  Home  Service  depart- 
ment, prominent  city  officials  and  citizens,  who  met  and  organized  for 
immediate  service.  Two  rooms  in  the  public  library  were  placed  at  the 
disposal  of  the  committee  for  information  headquarters  and  bureau  of 
telephone  service.  It  was  soon  seen  that  special  hospital  accommodations 
would  be  needed,  as  one  of  the  local  hospitals  would  not  receive  these 
patients  and  the  other  only  a  limited  number. 

At  the  S.  A.  T.  C.  camp  of  the  Wesleyan  a  number  of  the  soldier 
students  were  down  with  the  disease.  A  fraternity  house  was  offered 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 141 

and  opened  the  following  day,  with  volunteer  workers.     A  food  supply 
committee  also  began  work  at  once. 

The  Bloomington  Country  Club  offered  the  use  of  their  club  house 
free  of  charge,  and  by  midnight  of  that  same  day  a  hospital  was  In 
operation  there  with  twenty-one  patients,  the  second  night  there  were 
72  patients.  A  third  hospital  was  soon  opened  in  the  spacious  home  of 
Mrs.  M.  T.  Scott,  who  offered  it  for  that  use.  The  S.  A.  T.  C.  patients 
were  removed  to  the  Scott  hospital.  The  Bloomington  Club  offered  the 
third  floor  of  their  club  house  for  a  convalescent  hospital,  with  trained 
dieticians  in  charge.  The  chairman  of  the  chapter  publicity  committee 
kept  the  public  informed  thru  the  newspapers  of  the  precautions  to  be 
taken  as  a  means  of  prevention.  The  daily  papers  generously  co-operated. 

As  the  epidemic  spread,  the  emergency  hospitals  could  accommodate 
only  a  comparatively  small  number  of  those  needing  care,  and  a  large 
number  of  women  volunteered  to  do  practical  nursing  in  the  homes. 
These  women  left  their  own  homes  to  do  the  most  menial  tasks,  as  well 
as  to  nurse  the  sick,  in  the  homes  of  some  of  the  city's  most  unfortunates. 
It  was  the  most  serious  epidemic  which  had  ever  come  upon  the  city. 
The  local  chapter  of  the  Red  Cross  was  the  only  agency  which  could 
have  handled  the  situation.  Its  credit  was  such  that  no  time  was  lost 
in  securing  equipment  and  supplies,  for  every  one  knew  that  every  legiti- 
mate bill  would  be  paid.  There  is  no  question  that  the  efforts  of  the 
Bed  Cross  greatly  diminished  the  number  of  cases,  and  that  without  its 
assistance  and  intelligent  care  many  more  persons  would  have  perished. 
It  was  a  fine  example  of  what  a  live  chapter  of  Bed  Cross  can  accomplish 
in  peace  activity. 

Public  Health  Nursing — In  February,  1918,  a  special  committee  on 
public  health  nursing  was  appointed  with  Miss  Margaret  Bobinson  as 
chairman.  A  full  time  nurse  was  employed  and  an  office  opened  in  one 
of  the  school  buildings.  Cases  were  referred  to  the  visiting  nurse  by 
the  Day  Nursery  association,  Bureau  of  Social  Service,  public  schools 
and  individuals.  The  nurse  was  very  capable  and  the  results  satisfactory. 
The  nurse  resigned  in  September.  In  June,  1919,  a  full  time  health 
officer  wase  employed  by  the  city  commissioners  of  Bloomington,  and 
the  services  of  the  Bed  Cross  nurse  will  hereafter  be  directed  by  the 
health  director. 

Christmas  Packets — In  October,  1917,  a  special  committee  was  ap- 
pointed with  Mrs.  David  Davis  as  chairman,  to  prepare  Christmas  bags 
for  men  in  the  service.  Nearly  all  the  money  to  buy  the  contents  of 
these  bags  was  contributed  as  a  special  fund  for  Christmas  cheer.  There 
were  1,440  bags  filled  and  shipped  in  time  to  reach  the  men  in  the  camps 
by  Christmas. 

In  October,  1918,  a  special  committee  was  appointed  with  Mrs.  N. 
D.  McKinney,  chapter  secretary,  as  chairman,  to  inspect  Christmas  pack- 
ets sent  to  men  overseas.  The  chapter  furnished  wrapping  paper,  cord 
and  Christmas  cards  for  all  the  boxes.  The  committee  were  asked  for 
suggestions  as  to  contents  and  gave  help  in  that  way.  There  were  785 
boxes  inspected  at  the  chapter  offices,  of  a  total  weight  of  2,000  pounds. 
The  total  postage  paid  on  the  packages  was  $150.  A  number  of  the 
branches  inspected  the  packets  sent  from  their  districts  and  these  num- 
bered 320. 

Red  Cross  War  Funds — First  Fund: 

Quota  assigned  to  county $50,000.00 

Total  subscribed    68,194.19 

Total  collected   66,488.79 

Second  War  Fund: 

Quota  assigned  to  county $70,000.00 

Total  subscribed    99,460.11 

Total  collected   98,122.24 


142 McLEAX    COUNTY   AXD    THE    WOELD    WAE 

Shipments  by  McLean  county  chapter  to  Bush  Terminal  and  Central 
Division  from  May  21,  1917,  to  June,  1919: 

Surgical  dressings   331,732,  value $11,262.68 

Hospital  garments 39,091,  value 20,152.03 

Hospital  supplies   32,106,  value 5,642.94 

Eefugee  garments    7,971,  value 7,081.11 

Comforts 5,408,  value 1,744.05 

Knitted  articles   24,806,  value 77,256.50 

Totals    441,114,  value $123,139.31 

The  branches  in  the  county  shipped  to  the  Bloomington  workshop 
228,742  articles.  Besides  the  articles  shipped,  thousands  were  turned 
over  to  the  Allied  Belief  Committee,  were  supplied  to  the  tuberculosis 
sanatorium,  to  the  Day  Nursery,  the  Girls'  Industrial  Home,  Victory 
Hall  for  boys,  the  Salvation  Army,  Brokaw  and  St.  Joseph  hospitals,  or 
furnished  for  use  in  the  influenza  epidemic  of  1918,  or  supplied  to  the 
Red  Cross  Health  and  Home  Service  sections. 

Knitted  articles  and  supplies,  February,  1917,  to  December,  1919: 
Sweaters,  7,571;  Socks,  6,576  pairs;  Mufflers,  1,964;  Helmets,  804;  Wrist- 
lets, 3,649  pairs;  Trench  caps,  60;  Total  number,  20,624.  Total  value, 
$66,839.75.  Surgical  Dressings,  from  March,  1917,  to  December,  1918: 
Number  dressings,  331,732;  Value  of  dressings,  $11,262.68;  Branches 
furnished  125,639  pieces. 

French  and  Belgian  relief  clothing  and  supplies:  First  drive,  71 
cases  weighing  7,300  pounds.  First  drive  chapter  quota,  1,030  pounds. 
Second  drive,  145  cases,  weighing  12,285  pounds.  Packing  and  shipping: 
To  Bush  Terminal,  New  York,  17  boxes  hospital  supplies  and  surgical 
dressings.  To  Central  division,  281  cartons  for  surgical  dressings.  122 
cases  hospital  supplies.  103  cases  knitted  garments  and  supplies.  To 
commission  for  Belief  in  France  and  Belgium:  216  cases.  To  concen- 
tration depot,  12  barrels  peach  pits  and  nut  shells.  To  branches,  yarn 
and  cut  garments,  1,200  packages. 

Nursing:  83  nurses  enrolled  for  service  from  district.  15  nurses 
in  district  enrolled  for  service  overseas.  33  nurses  from  Bloomington  in 
service.  8  nurses  from  Bloomington  in  service  overseas. 

Instruction  class  enrollment:  129  certificates  issued  in  home  nurs- 
ing. 73  certificates  issued  in  First  Aid. 

Special  Relief  Work — In  June,  1917,  large  portions  of  the  cities  of 
Mattoon  and  Charleston,  in  Coles  county,  were  destroyed  by  a  tornado. 
The  Chapter  executive  committee  decided  to  at  once  head  a  subscription 
for  funds  for  the  sufferers  and  ascertain  what  other  help  could  be  given. 
Miss  Justis,  chairman  of  the  nursing  service,  arranged  to  furnish  nurses. 
She  and  three  nurses  from  Brokaw  hospital,  Misses  Yarp,  Schertz  and 
Schreiner,  were  among  the  first  to  reach  the  stricken  towns.  Miss  Justis 
returned  in  a  few  days  to  recruit  other  nurses  from  the  district.  Miss 
Yarp  and  Miss  Schertz  from  Bloomington  remained  in  the  towns  for 
three  weeks,  and  were  of  great  assistance  in  organizing  the  nursing 
service  there.  Quite  a  sum  of  money  was  forwarded  from  Bloomington, 
having  been  subscribed  through  the  Pantagraph. 

Bazaar  and  Sale — The  colored  people  of  McLean  county  conducted 
a  bazaar  and  sale  in  Bloomington  in  October,  1918,  for  the  benefit  of 
the  local  chapter.  Mrs.  Samantha  Crook  Wright  and  Mrs.  Belle  Blue 
Claxton  headed  the  committee  in  charge.  All  the  fruits,  vegetables, 
poultry  and  other  articles  were  donated,  and  the  net  proceeds  of  the 
sale,  $175.73,  turned  over  to  the  chapter.  This  sale  was  conducted  as  an 
expression  of  the  loyalty  of  the  colored  people  to  the  American  Bed 
Cross. 

Service  Badges — One  hundred  and  sixty-five  badges  have  been 
issued  to  Red  Cross  workers  who  were  entitled  to  them  for  having 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


143 


completed  the  required  number  of  hours  of  work  in  the  interest  of  the 
Red  Cross. 

The  Future — The  permanency  of  the  McLean  county  chapter  seems 
assured.  During  the  four  years  of  its  existence  it  proved  to  the  public 
that  the  Red  Cross  principles  upon  which  it  is  founded  are  most  worthy 
of  perpetuation  and  support.  The  influenza  epidemic  in  both  chapter 
and  branch  territory  in  October  and  November,  1918,  furnished  a  won- 
derful and  convincing  illustration  of  what  an  active  Red  Cross  chapter 
means  to  a  community  at  such  a  time.  There  was  no  cutting  of  red 
tape,  no  wires  to  pull — merely  quick  and  effective  action.  It  is  rec- 
ognized that  the  prompt  measures  taken  by  the  Red  Cross  in  this 
epidemic  averted  a  more  serious  calamity  and  lessened  the  number  of 
deaths  through  prevention  of  contagion. 


A  Band  of  Boosters  for  the  Red  Cross  in  the  first  great  War  Drive, 
June,  1917. 

"BY  DAWN'S  EARLY  LIGHT" 

Pantagraph,  Nov.  12,  1918:  It  was  about  3  a.  m.  The  whistling  loco- 
motives and  the  clanging  first  bells  were  awakening  the  community  and 
the  enthusiasts  were  making  their  way  up  town  to  join  the  jubilee.  For 
a  few  minutes  there  was  a  lull  in  the  ear  splitting  noise.  This  proved 
to  be  a  golden  opportunity  for  a  cornetist,  somewhere  in  the  northeast 
section  of  the  city.  Stepping  to  the  porch  of  his  home,  he  played  the 
"Star  Spangled  Banner,"  throwing  his  whole  soul  into  the  inspiring 
strains.  It  was  a  beautiful  and  appropriate  interpolation  and  thrilled  all 
who  were  privileged  to  hear  it.  The  player,  Dr.  A.  F.  Strange,  will  never 
know  .the  effect  of  the  selection  upon  his  widely  scattered  auditors,  but 
it  was  an  inspiration  to  all  within  hearing  of  the  silvery  notes.  It  seemed 
as  if  again  "bombs  were  bursting  in  air"  and  all  knew  the  "flag  was 
still  there."  Patriotism  was  strengthened  and  the  jubilee  given  a  finer 
meaning  to  those  who  stood  reverently  in  hearing.  There  was  a  universal 
sigh  of  regret  when  the  final  note  died  away.  It  was  a  benediction  of 
the  early  morn  of  peace. 


144 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    TEE    WORLD    WAR 


COMMANDER  OF  THE  A.  E.  F. 

(AND  SOME  OF  OUR  BOYS) 


Center — Gen.   John   J.   Pershing;     left   row,   top   to   bottom — Scrgt.   Krwin  Albee,   W. 

H.   Pemberton,    Dewey  C.  Witt,   William  Price. 
Bight    row,    top    to    bottom — William    O'Hara,    Benoni    S.    lungerich,    Joe    Nowatski, 

Lt.   Henry  Schneider. 


McLEAN    60UNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR  145 


LIBERTY  LOAN  CAMPAIGNS. 

The  people  of  McLean  County  loaned  to  the  federal  government 
during  the  war  a  total  of  about  $11,000,000  of  their  money  to  help  bring 
ultimate  victory.  This  great  sum  was  the  payment  on  liberty  bonds 
bought  by  the  people  of  the  county  during  five  different  drives  which 
the  government  put  on  at  different  times,  averaging  in  a  rough  way 
about  six  months  apart  during  the  period  of  American  participation  in 
the  war.  This  huge  total  was  nearly  thirty  times  the  cost  of  the  court 
house  of  the  county  which  was  built  just  after  the  great  fire.  The  very 
first  public  notice  in  McLean  County  calling  attention  to  the  fact  that  the 
government  would  have  war  bonds  to  sell  to  the  people,  was  published 
in  the  newspapers  of  Bloomington  on  May  30,  1917,  and  read  as  follows: 

"In  accordance  with  steps  taken  by  numerous  counties  in  this  and 
other  states,  it  was  deemed  advisable  to  call  a  meeting  of  the  bankers 
of  McLean  co'unty  for  the  purpose  of  perfecting  an  organization  for  the 
advertisement  and  sale  of  Liberty  bonds.  The  responsibility  of  market- 
ing this  issue  largely  falls  upon  the  banker,  and  they  in  this  connection 
are  called  upon  to  'do  their  bit.' 

' '  The  meeting  for  McLean  County  will  be  held  in  the  Association 
of  Commerce  rooms  in  the  Griesheim  building,  Bloomington,  111.,  on 
Saturday  afternoon,  June  2,  at  4  o  'clock  p.  m.  It  is  earnestly  requested 
that  your  bank  be  represented,  at  such  meeting,  by  as  many  officers  and 
directors  as  possible  to  express  the  sentiment  of  your  community  and 
also  to  offer  suggestions  for  the  successful  marketing  of  these  bonds 
locally." 

This  was  signed  by  H.  K.  Hoblit,  Adolph  Wochner  and  Frank  M. 
Rico,  committee. 

This  meeting  was  held  as  called  on  June  2,  in  the  rooms  of  the  Asso- 
ciation of  Commerce,  with  John  J.  Pitts  as  chairman  and  F.  L.  Garst 
of  Stanford,  secretary.  E.  H.  Leith  and  John  Dacey  of  the  Chicago 
Federal  Reserve  Bank  were  present  and  laid  the  matter  before  the 
assembled  bankers.  Talks  were  also  made  by  L.  L.  Silliman  of  Chenoa, 
George  E.  Dooley  of  Leroy,  Mr.  J.  H.  Stephenson  and  Mr.  Simpson  of 
Danvers,  Mr.  Churchill  of  Chenoa,  Mr.  Arnold  of  Cooksville,  D.  G.  Fitz- 
gerrell  of  Normal,  A.  J.  Keenan  of  Leroy,  J.  B.  Lennon,  Mayor  Jones 
and  L.  G.  Whitmer  of  Bloomington  and  Mr.  Garst  of  Stanford.  A  plan 
of  campaign  for  the  sale  of  bonds  in  the  county  was  presented  by  H. 
K.  Hoblit.  A  permanent  organization  was  formed  for  pushing  the  lib- 
erty loan,  with  John  J.  Pitts  as  president,  D.  G.  Fitzgerrell  of  Normal 
as  vice-president,  and  H.  K.  Hoblit  as  secretary.  The  executive  com- 
mittee was  H.  K.  Hoblit,  Adolph  Wochner  and  Frank  Rice.  The  fol- 
lowing bankers  were  appointed  to  assist  in  the  general  campaign: 

Frank  W.  Aldrich  of  McLean,  F.  L.  Garst  of  Stanford,  J.  H.  Stephen- 
son  of  Danvers,  Mr.  Ewins  of  Carlock,  R.  A.,  Ensign  of  Hudson,  F.  S. 
Kelly  of  Chenoa,  L.  L.  Silliman  of  Chenoa,  O.  L.  Hiser  of  Lexington, 
L.  B.  Stray  er  of  Lexington,  S.  S.  Bolt  on  of  Towanda,  Thomas  Arnold 
of  Cooksville,  H.  L.  Barnes  of  Colfax,  Harry  Arnold  of  Colfax,  A.  R. 
Tunks  of  Colfax,  Jacob  Martens  of  Anchor,  H.  L.  Barnes  of  Cropsey, 
F.  W.  Boston  of  Holder,  C.  A.  Shinkle  of  Ellsworth,  H.  Van  Gundy  of 
Arrowsmith,  John  Jacobs  of  Arrowsmith,  A.  \V.  Froehlich  of  Saybrook, 
R.  R.  Cheney  of  Saybrook,  C.  A.  Schureman  of  Saybrook,  George  Carson 
of  Bellflower,  Arthur  Gooch  of  Bellflower,  J.  A.  Taylor  of  Leroy,  L.  C. 
Keenan  of  Leroy,  E.  B.  Lanier  of  Downs,  J.  T.  Buck  of  Heyworth,  J. 
P.  Shelton  of  Heyworth,  G.  M.  Deaver  of  Gridley,  J.  R.  Heiple  of  Grid- 
ley,  D.  U.  Claudon  of  Meadows,  L.  H.  Kerrick  of  Normal,  D.  G.  Fitz- 
gerrell of  Normal,  J.  J.  Pitts  and  the  following  Bloomington  bankers: 
J.  J.  Pitts,  Adolph  Wochner,  Frank  M.  Rice,  H.  K.  Hoblit,  W.  H.  Brown, 
W.  L.  Moore,  and  C.  M.  Harlan. 


146  McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 

The  first  liberty  loan  drive  in  this  county  was  carried  on  with  re- 
markably little  talk,  publicity  or  excitement.  It  was  almost  wholly  in 
the  hands  of  the  bankers,  and  they  pushed  the  sales  mainly  with  the 
people  with  whom  they  did  business.  The  newspapers  gave  but  little 
space  to  the  campaign  from  day  to  day,  and  modest  advertising  space 
was  used  by  the  banks.  There  were  volunteer  speakers  who  addressed 
crowds  at  the  moving  picture  theaters.  Subscriptions  by  mail  and  other- 
wise to  the  banks  totaled  about  $700,000  at  the  end  of  the  first  week, 
according  to  Secretary  Hoblit's  announcement,  although  the  county's 
quota  as  assigned  by  the  government  was  $1,500,000.  On  the  last  day 
of  the  campaign,  the  total  had  reached  $811,700,  or  about  60  per  cent 
of  the  county's  quota.  It  was  announced  after  the  close  of  the  time 
limit,  June  15,  that  the  total  had  reached  $1,007,000,  but  this  later 
shrank  to  about  $800,000  as  allowance  had  to  be  made  for  duplications 
of  reports.  The  Boy  Scouts  of  the  city  and  county  were  credited  with 
selling  a  total  of  $35,000  through  their  personal  efforts.  Lawson  Hen- 
ninger  of  Bloomingtoa  personally  sold  $12,500,  while  others  who  sold 
ten  or  more  bonds  were  Kenneth  Wells,  Glen  Whitcomb,  Norval  Goelzer. 
Each  of  these  boys  received  a  war  badge  for  his  services. 

Second  Liberty  Loan 

It  was  on  October  1,  1917,  that  the  first  meeting  of  bankers  of 
McLean  County  was  held  after  the  announcement  of  the  government's 
second  liberty  loan  plan.  At  this  meeting  there  was  very  little  definite 
information  at  hand.  John  Dacey  of  the  Chicago  Federal  Reserve  Bank 
again  was  present  and  spoke  and  exhibited  a  sample  of  the  $100  bond. 
On  the  next  day,  October  2,  a  meeting  was  held  in  the  Association  of 
Commerce  rooms  of  a  committee  of  bankers  with  other  citizens.  An 
executive  committee  was  then  named  to  push  the  loan,  the  committee 
consisting  of  Mayor  Jones,  John  W.  Harber,  Joseph  Sprague,  R.  C.  Bald- 
win, J.  J.  Condon,  Paul  F.  Beich,  L.  G.  Whitmer,  M.  R.  Livingston,  W. 
S.  Harwood,  H.  K.  Hoblit,  Campbell  Holtoii  and  Frank  Oberkoetter. 

On  October  4  another  meeting  was  held  for  general  organization, 
when  the  following  officers  were  chosen:  Chairman,  John  J.  Pitts;  vice 
chairman,  H.  K.  Hoblit;  secretary,  J.  H.  Hudson.  Precinct  chairmen 
were  appointed  for  all  the  precincts  of  the  city,  as  follows,  in  the  order 
of  number:  Hal  M.  Stone,  G.  C.  Heberling,  P.  W.  Coleman,  Bert  Thriege, 
John  M.  McDonald,  Frank  Ryan,  Will  Costigan,  George  Monroe,  R.  C. 
Baldwin,  Sumner  Goodfellow,  Oscar  Mandel,  C.  L.  Hills,  C.  L.  Miller, 
Harry  Surface,  Dr.  A.  W.  Meyer,  Henry  Oberkoetter,  J.  F.  Heffernan, 
Ralph  Hasenwinkle,  Wesley  Owen,  David  Wochner,  J.  W.  Harber,  Ed- 
ward Fahey,  E.  R.  Morgan,  J.  L.  Bonnett,  Jesse  Hoffman,  J.  W.  Rodgers, 
Charles  E.  Hall.  For  Bloomington  township,  outside  the  city,  B.  T. 
Alexander  and  Amos  Johnson.  For  Normal,  D.  G.  Fitzgerrell. 

A  vacant  room  of  the  Hunter  building  was  rented  and  equipped  with 
chairs,  tables,  etc.,  for  headquarters,  and  R.  M.  Darst  placed  in  charge, 
with  Edward  F.  McKinney  as  assistant.  A  series  of  noon  lunches  was 
planned,  when  canvassers  could  get  together  and  hear  reports  on  the 
canvass.  A  number  of  lawyers  were  enlisted  for  making  four  minute 
speeches  in  favor  of  the  bonds  at  the  theaters  and  other  public  gather- 
ings. Ministers  promised  to  refer  to  the  drive  from  their  pulpits  on  the 
first  Sunday  after  the  organization.  At  the  end  of  two  days  it  was 
announced  that  $100,000  in  bonds  had  been  sold. 

The  active  house  to  house  canvass  began  October  15  and  increased 
with  more  fervor  every  day  from  that  time.  An  organization  of  women 
headed  by  Mrs.  J.  C.  Riley  was  formed  throughout  the  county  which 
worked  with  the  men  's  committees.  The  organization  was  now  complete 
throughout  the  county.  Four  minute  men  organized  with  C.  B.  Hughes 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 147 

as  chairman  and  R.  F.  Dunn  secretary.  Daily  luncheons  were  held  with 
reports  of  the  campaign.  On  the  18th  a  mass  meeting  was  held  at  the 
high  school  with  rousiirg  speeches  by  Henry  Rathbone  .and  Gov.  Fifer. 
The  quota  for  the  county,  set  at  $1,800,000,  was  apparently  reached  with 
the  final  reports  on  October  31,  but  later  figures  shrank  the  total  some- 
what below  the  quota.  The  published  figures  were: 

Cropsey $  6,500       Arrowsmith    11,000 

Anchor 5,700       Saybrook 25,750 

McLean 30,150       Leroy 90,000 

Stanford 42,000       Danvers 33,950 

Oarlock 7,950       Bellflower 3(5,450 

Lexington 30,150       Heyworth 1(5,550 

Hudson   20.500        Ellsworth   7,200 

Towanda 18,000       Meadows   9,100 

Holder 8,000       Downs 5,650 

Chenoa   120,000       Normal 130,000 

Colfax 19,000       Bloomington   1,129,850 

Gridley 33,250  

Cooksville 16,500  Total $1,852,500 

Revised  figures  from  some  of  the  townships  changed  the  total  con- 
siderably, and  the  final  figure  stood  at  about  $1,200,000. 

Third  Liberty  Loan 

The  announcement  of  the  campaign  for  the  third  liberty  loan  came 
in  March,  1918,  and  the  campaign  actually  began  on  April  6,  the  anni- 
versary of  the  entrance  of  America  into  the  war.  The  organization  in 
McLean  County  was  more  thorough  than  in  the  two  previous  campaigns. 
Harris  K.  Hoblit  was  appointed  general  chairman  for  McLean  County 
and  D.  G.  Fitzgerrell  of  Normal  was  appointed  vice  chairman.  These 
men  went  to  Chicago  early  in  March  and  consulted  the  state  organizers 
for  the  loan,  and  then  along  toward  the  end  of  the  month  the  local 
organization  was  completed.  The  vacated  room  in  the  corner  of  the 
Illinois  hotel  building  was  rented  as  headquarters,  and  a  general  com- 
mittee of  ten  named  to  supervise  the  campaign,  this  committee  being 
composed  of  Mrs.  J.  C.  Riley,  W.  T.  Wolcott  of  the  Alton  shops  or- 
ganization, L.  G.  Whitmer,  R.  C.  Baldwin,  J.  J.  Condon,  L.  O.  Eddy, 
M.  R.  Livingston,  W.  L.  Moore,  Mayor  Jones  and  C.  B.  Hughes.  Mrs. 
Riley  was  again  named  as  chairman  of  the  women 's  organization.  There 
were  local  committees  in  every  township  of  the  county,  and  precinct 
committees  for  all  sections  of  the  city  of  Bloomington.  The  quota  for 
the  county  was  fixed  at  $1,782,000,  and  the  campaign  started  with  a 
burst  of  speed.  By  April  11,  the  sum  of  $1,100,000  had  been  subscribed. 

On  April  16  the  general  committee  of  ten  issued  the  following  state- 
ment, announcing  that  the  county's  quota  had  been  voluntarily  raised: 
"Inasmuch  as  in  the  two  previous  campaigns  McLean  county  has  not 
taken  her  just  part,  now  that  our  quota  has  been  reached  we  should 
not  be  satisfied  with  a  smaller  subscription  than  two  and  a  half  million. 
The  work  should  go  on  with  as  much  activity  as  it  has  in  the  last  ten 
days,  until  every  resident  of  the  county  has  had  an  opportunity  to  sub- 
scribe their  proper  proportion." 

The  campaign  went  on  vigorously,  and  the  next  day  after  this  an- 
nouncement was  made,  the  subscriptions  had  reached  the  two  million 
dollar  mark.  Liberty  day,  the  first  anniversary  of  America's  entry  in 
the  war,  was  celebrated  with  a  great  spurt.  By  April  23rd,  the  total 
had  reached  $2,444,000  on  a  quota  of  $2,500,000,  and  by  the  27th  had 
reached  $2,777,000.  On  May  1st  it  was  announced  that  the  total  for  the 
county  was  then  $2,900,000.  The  momentum  continued,  and  at  the  close 
of  the  campaign  the  pledges  had  well  passed  the  three  million  dollar 
goal. 


148   McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

The  average  over-subscription  of  the  whole  state  of  Illinois  was  55 
per  cent.  McLean  county  made  an  oversubscription  of  68  per  cent. 

In  the  entire  state  the  amount  of  money  placed  in  bonds  per  capita 
was  $39.85.  In  McLean  county  the  amount  subscribed  per  capita  was 
$44.08. 

The  total  number  of  persons  subscribing  to  the  third  Liberty  loan 
in  the  state  was  521,561.  Of  those,  25,611  subscribed  in  McLean  county. 

The  per  cent  of  population  which  subscribed  in  the  state  at  large 
was  25  per  cent.  In  McLean  county  38  per  cent  of  the  population  sub- 
scribed to  the  loan. 

The  average  size  of  the  subscription  in  the  state  was  $157.  In  Mc- 
Lean county  the  average  size  of  subscription  was  $117,  showing  that 
we  made  our  good  showing  not  by  the  great  subscriptions  of  a  few  men, 
but  by  the  many  subscriptions  of  the  less  wealthy. 

Fourth  "Liberty  Loan 

After  the  completion  of  the  third  liberty  loan  campaign,  the  or- 
ganization of  workers  both  in  Bloomington  and  thruout  the  county  was 
kept  more  or  less  intact,  hence  when  on  September  26,  1918,  it  was 
announced  that  a  fourth  issue  of  bonds  would  call  upon  McLean  county 
for  a  quota  of  $3,767,927,  there  was  not  a  quaver  of  doubt  that  the  people 
of  the  county  would  rise  to  this  call  of  a  large  financial  sacrifice  as 
they  had  in  other  ways  met  the  emergencies.  H.  K.  Hoblit  was  again 
chosen  head  of  the  county  organization,  with  many  of  the  same  workers 
as  had  been  active  in  other  campaigns,  both  in  the  city  and  county.  The 
Chicago  &  Alton  liberty  loan  organization  was  notably  thorough  and 
efficient,  extending  from  the  president's  office  down  to  the  various  de- 
partments. The  shops  and  road  men  of  Bloomington  had  a  working 
machine  which  went  through  with  a  fine  tooth  comb  the  entire  or- 
ganization of  employes. 

September  28  was  declared  as  volunteer  day,  and  on  that  date  a 
total  of  $1,391,100  in  subscriptions  was  rounded  up.  In  the  city  of 
Bloomington  the  results  on  volunteer  day  totaled  $694,400.  On  the 
evening  of  October  1  there  was  a  gigantic  parade  of  those  who  had 
volunteered,  held  in  Bloomington.  On  the  second  day  of  the  campaign 
it  was  announced  that  a  total  of  $1,741,550  had  been  subscribed,  and 
that  Mt.  Hope  was  the  first  township  to  go  "over  the  top"  on  its  quota. 

On  October  2,  the  two  million  dollar  mark  had  been  past.  On  Octo- 
ber 5  a  train  load  of  war  battlefield  relics  sent  out  by  the  government 
was  exhibited  in  Bloomington  as  a  spur  to  patriotism.  Great  crowds 
went  to  the  Big  Four  depot  to  see  them.  By  October  11.  seven  town- 
ships had  reached  their  goals,  these  being  Anchor,  Bellflower,  Blue 
Mound,  Cropsey,  Funk's  Grove,  Mt.  Hope,  and  Normal.  On  October  16, 
the  county  was  still  $500,000  behind  its  quota,  but  on  October  20  it 
was  announced  the  county  quota  had  been  passed,  the  figures  being 
summarized  as  follows:  County's  quota,  $3,767,927;  raised,  $3,813,200. 
For  the  city  of  Bloomington:  Quota,  $1.539,732;  raised,  $1,544,850;  over- 
subscribed, $5,178.  Outside  the  city,  quota,  $2,228,198;  raised,  $2,268,- 
350;  oversubscription,  $40,155. 

In  the  successful  termination  of  this  remarkable  campaign,  special 
credit  was  given  to  Mr.  Hoblit,  Daniel  G.  Fitzgerrell  of  Normal,  L.  O. 
Eddy  for  the  publicity;  C.  B.  Hughes  for  the  effective  speaking  cam- 
paign. The  women  under  the  direction  of  Mrs.  J.  C.  Kiley  were  given 
due  credit.  O.  E.  Forrester  was  commended  for  his  work  in  keeping 
records  at  headquarters. 

The  Alton  shop  men  raised  in  this  campaign  $200,000,  and  the  men 
of  the  whole  system  about  one  million  dollars.  On  the  last  day  of  the 
campaign,  the  telegraph  operators  of  the  system  subscribed  for  $3,700 
of  bonds.  The  Alton  ran  a  Liberty  Loan  special  train  with  Sergt. 
McCarthy  as  orator. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 149 

During  the  last  two  weeks  of  the  campaign,  the  talk  of  an  early 
ending  of  the  war  upset  the  notions  of  the  people  that  the  loan  was 
necessary,  and  that  it  was  oversubscribed  in  the  face  of  all  this  tendency 
makes  the  success  of  the  campaign  all  the  more  remarkable. 

The  Victory  Loan 

The  fifth  and  last  government  loan  floated  for  war  purposes  was 
known  as  the  Victory  Loan,  for  it  was  put  out  after  the  signing  of  the 
armistice,  the  partial  demobilization  of  the  army  and  navy,  and  the 
purpose  of  the  loan  was  the  payment  of  the  vast  expenses  incurred  by 
the  government  in  the  finishing  up  of  the  great  war  task  on  which  the 
nation  had  entered.  It  was  announced  in  April,  1919,  about  five  months 
after  the  signing  of  the  armistice.  McLean  county's  quota  was  an- 
nounced on  April  15  as  $2,904,000,  which  was  somewhat  less  than  the 
quota  for  the  fourth  loan.  The  organization  throughout  the  county 
remained  much  the  same  as  it  had  been  for  the  fourth  loan,  and  Chair- 
man Hoblit  announced  that  the  slogan  for  this  campaign  would  be: 
"Get  it  in  one  day."  The  preliminary  plans  were  made  with  this  end 
in  view,  of  making  a  whirlwind  start  and  get  the  county's  quota  sub- 
scribed in  the  shortest  possible  time.  Hon.  John  Burke,  treasurer  of 
the  United  States,  spoke  in  Bloomington  on  April  16,  the  next  day  after 
the  announcement  of  the  quota. 

The  campaign  in  this  county  started  with  a  remarkable  burst  of 
speed.  On  April  17,  three  days  before  the  general  start,  Supervisor  A. 
L.  Hutson  of  Martin  township  notified  Chairman  Hoblit  that  his  town- 
ship had  already  subscribed  its  quota.  On  the  18th,  Cropsey  reported 
through  Chairman  G.  M.  Meeker  that  that  township  had  oversub- 
scribed its  quota  to  the  extent  of  $3,000.  Jacob  Martens  of  Anchor 
the  same  day  reported  Anchor  over  the  top.  The  city  of  Bloomington 
by  action  of  its  council  voted  to  invest  $7,500  of  its  surplus  funds 
in  liberty  bonds. 

April  21  was  observed  as  "Victory  Day,"  and  it  was  announced 
that  the  county  had  subscribed  for  $1,500,000  in  bonds  by  the  close  of 
that  day,  this  figure  being  larger  than  the  total  subscriptions  from  this 
county  during  either  the  first  or  second  loan  campaigns.  That  same 
night  there  were  nine  townships  which  had  reached  their  quotas,  as  fol- 
lows: Anchor,  Chenoa,  Cropsey,  Mt.  Hope,  Empire,  Allin,  Martin  and 
Cheney's  Grove.  The  first  day  at  the  Chicago  &  Alton  railroad  and 
shops  had  secured  $40,700,  this  sum  coming  from  500  of  the  1,700  men 
at  the  shops.  The  rear  room  of  the  public  library  building  was  used 
as  headquarters  in  this  drive,  and  it  was  a  busy  place  from  the  first. 
Solicitors  were  out  in  the  field  in  every  precinct  of  the  city  and  every 
township  in  the  county,  except  where  the  work  was  finished  up  the  first 
day.  On  April  24  it  was  announced  that  the  two  million  dollar  mark 
had  been  reached  in  the  local  campaign,  the  subscriptions  reaching 
$757,500  in  the  city  of  Bloomington  and  $1,309,000  in  the  county  outside 
the  city.  Gridley,  Funk's  Grove,  Danvers,  Dawson  and  Cheney's  Grove 
were  added  to  those  who  had  reached  their  quota.  Captured  German 
helmets  \vere  given  as'souvenirs  to  township  or  precinct  chairmen  who 
had  put  their  organizations  over  the  top. 

At  the  end  of  the  first  week  of  the  drive,  the  sum  of  $2,277,600  had 
been  subscribed  or  about  four-fifths  of  the  desired  total.  Fourteen  town- 
ships and  seven  city  precincts  had  gone  over  the  top.  The  campaign 
finally  came  to  a  close  on  May  3,  with  the  following  results: 

In  county,  outside  city $1,930,550 

in   city   of   Bloomington 1,315,100 

Total $3,245,650 


150 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AXD    THE    WORLD    WAR 


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McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 151 

At  the  close  of  the  campaign,  the  following  summary  of  the  results 
of  the  campaign  among  the  Alton  railroad  employes  showed  that  they 
more  than  did  their  part: 

Per  cent  of 

employes  Total 

subscribed  amount 

Conductors    75  $13,800 

Eoad  engineers   64  30,150 

Road   trainmen    , 19  2,800 

Yard  engineers    66  2,450 

Yard  firemen   41  1,550 

Road  Trainmen   22  4,450 

Switchmen    52  5,750 

Station  force  and  freight  house  employes 78  52,750 

Maintenance   of   way   employes 76  59,850 

Summary 

By  subscribing  its  portion  to  the  Victory  Loan  in  1919,  McLean 
County  did  two  things  worthy  of  its  name  and  its  august  history.  It 
oversubscribed  the  last  of  the  great  war  drives,  the  campaign  that 
brought  the  boys  home.  And  it  also  raised  a  sufficient  sum  to  make 
the  total  pledges  of  five  loans  greater  than  the  combined  quotas  of 
those  loans.  Thus  McLean  county  *was  more  than  one  hundred  percent 
in  its  financial  aid  to  the  war.  It  defies  reproach.  It  has  maintained 
its  historical  prestige  of  sound  sense,  integrity  and  patriotism.  Here 
are  the  figures  that  show  the  financial  war  history  of  McLean  county: 
Loan  Quota  Subscription 

First    $  1,300,000  $    800,000 

Second    1,700,000  1,200,000 

Third    1,762,000  3,000,000 

Fourth    3,676,000  3,805,000 

"Victory"    2,866,900  2,885,900 


Grand  total  $11,305,900  $11,690,900 

The  following  were   the  total  subscriptions  by  townships   and   pre- 
cincts for  the  third,  fourth  and  fifth  loan  campaigns: 

Townships  Third  Fourth  Fifth 

Allin   $      69,950  $      71,000           $      62,500 

Anchor 56,450  54,250  60,000 

Arrowsmith 53,150  56,150  43,750 

Bellflower 47,600  66,150  50,000 

Blue   Mound    56,600  72,250  56,350 

Chenoa    99,450  126,950  123,050 

Cheney 's  Grove    81,000  97,700  92,750 

Cropsey 21,100  31,650  32,450 

Danvers 82,450  87,750  67,700 

Dale 40,150  60,800  50,050 

Dawson 39,800  71,310  66,000 

Downs 41,000  56,300  53,000 

Dry    Grove    38.350  52,100  39,850 

Empire    93,400  148,180  111,000 

Funks  Grove   29,500  44,700  43,900 

Gridley   104,250  103,800  95,350 

Hudson   47,800  60,700  65,300 

Lawndale 28,000  41,900  32,000 

Lexington 65,150  122,500  93,500 

Martin      54,050  93,850  67,550 

Money  Creek    29,150  43,200  32,800 


152 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


Townships 
Mt     Hope    

Third 

89  200 

Fourth 
96  000 

Fifth 
81,600 

Old   Town    

41  000 

53  350 

30,000 

Normal    

208  700 

278  200 

232,000 

Randolph.   

73,650 

89,850 

93,300 

Towanda  

47  350 

67,050 

51,000 

White   Oak    

33  350 

38  950 

24,400 

West   

38,350 

55,400 

43,000 

Yates      

29  450 

49  200 

30,150 

Bloomington  Tp  

60,950 

51,750 

44,600 

$1,800,340 


$2,341,940     $1,968,900 


Third 

City   No. 

1  

$      59,150 

City   No. 

2  

60,700 

City   No. 

3  

42,400 

City   No. 

4  

6,000 

City   No. 

5  

5,000 

City   No. 

6  

13,500 

City   No. 

7  

8,450 

City   No. 

8  

33,600 

City   No. 

9  

27,350 

City   No. 

10  

83,450 

City   No. 

11  

65,200 

City   No. 

12  

38,100 

City   No. 

13  

8,800 

City   No. 

14  

6,200 

City   No. 

15..-.  

12,450 

City   No. 

16  

19,400 

City   No. 

17  

25,600 

City   No. 

18  

71,900 

City   No. 

19  

64,500 

City  No. 

20  

8,450 

City   No. 

21  

20,750 

City   No. 

22  

10,900 

City   No. 

23  

62,150 

City   No. 

24  

26,950 

City   No. 

25  

60,450 

City   No. 

26  

36,450 

City   No. 

27  

12,200 

City   No. 

28  

20,350 

City   No. 

29  

83,250 

City   No. 

30  

19,750 

Totals $1,013,400 


Fourth 
$   81,250 
66,950 
63,600 

4,450 
10,550 
13,800 

7,850 
30,750 
30,200 
111,800 
92,350 
50,750 

9,050 

6,850 

9,100 

17,650 

20,050 

102,750 

79,100 

9,100 
22,850 

5,250 
86,900 
32,600 
81,450 
43,000 
16,650 
13,250 
26,450 
23,650 

$1,251,000 


Fifth 

75,550 

53,800 

35,450 

750 

6,400 
13,950 

5,750 
28,900 
17,750 
80,450 
87,350 
68,950 
15,300 
350 

9,900 
10,800 
13,750 
75,350 
39,900 

3,800 
40,200 

2,400 
54,850 
44,550 
69,850 
41,100 
14,850 
10,800 
26,050 
13,600 

$962,450 


The  personnel  of  the  leadership  for  the  different  drives  in  the  county 
changed  to  some  extent,  but  many  of  the  same  people  were  active  in 
all  the  last  three  liberty  loan  campaigns.  The  following  is  the  list  of 
names  for  the  several  townships  for  the  third,  fourth  and  fifth  loans, 
the  first  name  in  each  instance  being  the  township  chairman  for  the 
third,  the  second  name  for  the  fourth  and  third  name  for  the  fifth.  In 
cases  where  the  same  chairman  acted  in  two  campaigns,  it  being  given 
only  once: 

Allin — C.  F.  Kauffmann. 

Anchor — Jacob  Martens. 

Arrowsmith — J.  H.  Henton,  Earl  W.  Bane,  E.  S.  Krum. 

Bellflower — W.   S.   Bingham. 

Bloomington — Fred  J.  Blum. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WO  ELD    WAE 153 

Blue  Mound — Charles  E.  Wondcrlin,  Thomas  Arnold. 

Chcnoa — L.  L.  Binnion. 

Cheney's.  Grove — H.  D.  Stine. 

Cropsey — F.  E.  Meeker,  G.  M.  Meeker. 

Danvers — E.  P.  Krum,  L.  A.  Berg. 

Dale— W.  C.  Eogers. 

Dawson — Matthew  Eichardson. 

Downs — Ed.  L.  Weaver. 

Dry  Grove — F.  L.  Bramwell. 

Empire — George  Dooley,  A.  J.  Kcenan. 

Funks  Grove — C.   L.   Disher. 

Gridley — G.  ^A.   Manshardt,  Thomas   Moate. 

Hudson — R.  A.  Ensign. 

Lawndale — Charles  Atkinson. 

Lexington — H.  S.  Shade. 

Martin— E.  O.  Wills,  A.  L.  Hutson. 

Money  Creek — Elmer  Ogden. 

Mt.   Hope — S.  B.  Van  Ness,  Isaac   G.   Funk. 

Normal — C.  O.  Hamilton,  Lester  H.  Martin. 

Old  Town — Fred  W.  Boston. 

Randolph— J.  P.  Shelton. 

Towanda — P.  N.  Jones,  G.  H.  Geiger. 

West — Thomas  D.  Irish. 

White  Oak— J.  K.  Esh. 

Yates — C.  E.  Graves. 

Bloomington,  City — First  Precinct — Hal  M.  Stone,  Herman  S.  Ochs; 
Second  precinct,  J.  J.  Cowden,  J.  P.  Lowry;  Third  precinct,  P.  W.  Cole- 
man;  Fourth  precinct,  D.  J.  Salmon;  Fifth,  J.  M.  McDonald,  Edward 
J.  Madden;  Sixth,  William  E.  Smith,  Frank  Eyan,  J.  F.  Maloney; 
Seventh,  E.  C.  Haasc,  John  F.  Morrissey;  Eighth,  Eichard  M.  O'Connell, 
Frank  Phillips;  Ninth,  Sumner  Goodfellow,  W.  F.  Costigan;  Tenth,  Leroy 
Whitmer;  Eleventh,  S.  C.  Deaver;  Twelfth,  W.  D.  Snow;  Thirteenth, 
A.  G.  Letson,  Eev.  A.  D.  Freden,  M.  B.  Walsh;  Fourteenth,  A.  G.  Erick- 
son;  Fifteenth,  Charles  L.  Miller;  Sixteenth,  Dr.  A.  W.  Meyer,  W.  A. 
Wells,  W.  L.  Tatman;  Seventeenth,  Charles  W.  Silvers,  Mrs.  Ernest 
Baldwin;  Eighteenth,  Huber  J.  Light,  William  Merna,  E.  M.  Heafer; 
Nineteenth,  J.  J.  Thomassen,  D.  W.  Snyder,  John  Schlosser;  Twentieth, 
C.  C.  Bowman,  James  Gray;  TAventy-first,  Thomas  Kane,  W.  H.  Homuth; 
Twenty-second,  Clyde  A.  Johnston,  William  Freese;  Twenty-third,  John 
W.  Harber,  Harry  L.  Fleming;  Twenty-fourth,  George  Freese;  Twenty- 
fifth,  Ira  Whitmer,  W.  B.  Leach;  Twenty-sixth,  Eobert  E.  Williams,  E. 
W.  Sutherland,  Arthur  Heafer;  Twenty-seventh,  E.  S.  Davidson,  W.  C. 
Seran;  Twenty-eighth,  Harry  E.  Albee,  I.  A.  Lederer;  Twenty-ninth, 
A.  L.  Pillsbury,  Ernest  H.  Black;  Thirtieth,  I.  E.  Good,  E.  F.  Brechbeller. 


154 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


LIBERTY  LOAN  BOOSTER 

Harris  K.  Hoblit,  cashier  of  the  State  Bank  of  Bloomington,  is  the 
one  man  of  the  county  on  whose  shoulders  rested  larger  financial  re- 
sponsibilities of  the  war  in  this  section  than  upon  any  other  man.  Mr. 
Hoblit  was  secretary  of  the  Bankers'  Organization  during  the  first  and 
second  campaigns  and  had  sole  charge  of  the  last  three,  his  appoint- 
ment coming  through  the  Federal  Reserve  Bank.  The  five  Liberty  Loan 
campaigns  were  carried  on  during  1917,  1918  and  1919,  and  the  people  of 
this  county  subscribed  more  than  $11,000,000  of  their  money  in  the  form 
of  loans  to  help  the  government  in  its  great  task  of  financing  the  war. 
It  was  on  May  8,  1917,  that  the  bankers  of  Bloomington  were  offered 
the  first  war  bonds  of  the  government  for  disposal.  On  June  1  of  that 
year  the  announcement  came  that  McLean  County  was  supposed  to 
subscribe  for  $1,500,000  of  these  bonds.  Such  a  proposition  was  stag- 
gering in  its  immensity,  for  the  people  of  the  county,  including  the 
bankers  themselves,  were  not  then  accustomed  to  doing  big  things  for 
mere  patriotic  motives.  On  June  2  the  bankers  of  the  county  held 
a  meeting  to  talk  of  some  general  plan  for  handling  the  sale  of  the  bonds. 
At  this  meeting  Mr.  Hoblit  was  chosen  chairman,  and  he  continued  in 

the  same  capacity  througn  each  suc- 
ceeding drive  for  the  other  Liberty 
Loans,  each  of  the  last  four  being 
larger  than  the  first. 

When  the  first  campaign  was  on, 
the  general  opinion  among  the  peo- 
ple was  that  this  was  a  proposition 
for  the  bankers — that  they  would 
have  to  take  up  the  bonds  as  of- 
fered, and  if  the  people  generally 
bought  any  of  them,  it  would  be 
comparatively  few,  and  these  to  be 
sold  only  to  people  of  ample  surplus 
means.  The  banks  themselves  could  not 
in  the  nature  of  things  absorb  so  large 
a  quota  of  government  paper  at  one 
time  and  leave  ample  capital  for  the 
ordinary  business.  Consequently, 
with  the  public  apathy  on  the  ques- 
tion, the  immature  organization  of 
the  bankers  themselves,  and  a  gen- 
eral failure  of  the  people  to  under- 
stand the  stiuation,  that  the  quota 
for  the  county  was  not  reached.  How- 
ever, this  was  never  true  in  any  subsequent  loan,  and  the  total  of  the 
five  campaigns  in  all  was  much  greater  than  the  total  quota  of  the 
county  for  the  five  loans.  Mr.  Hoblit  in  each  succeeding  campaign  ,gave 
himself  without  stint  to  the  work  of  raising  the  quota.  He  devoted 
days  and  weeks  to  this  work,  to  the  neglect  of  his  own  private  interests 
to  a  large  extent.  Of  course  in  every  campaign  for  the  Liberty  Loans, 
there  was  a  large  and  earnest  committee  covering  every  precinct  in  the 
county,  who  gave  their  time  and  labor  to  enlisting  the  interest  of  the 
people  in  the  propositions.  Mr.  Hoblit  worked  so  quietly,  so  unostenta- 
tiously, and  with  no  thought  of  credit  to  himself,  that  he  inspired  every 
other  worker  with  zeal  and  devotion  to  the  cause.  Consequently,  when 
the  close  of  the  final  campaign  for  Liberty  Loans  came  it  was  found 
that  the  people  of  the  county  had  loaned  $11,000,000  of  their  money 
to  the  government,  divided  as  follows  among  the  various  campaigns: 

Quota  Subscribed 

First  loan    .  .  .  .- $1,500,000  $     800,000 

Second   loan    1,700,000  1,200,000 

Third    loan     1,762,000  3,022,250 

Fourth    loan    3,676,927  3,805,200 

Fifth     (Victory)     loan 2,866,900  2,998.400 


Harris  K.  Hoblit 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 155 

WAR-TIME   COMMUNITY   SINGING 

A  history  of  the  War  interests  and  activities  of  McLean  county 
during  the  great  world  war,  that  did  not  take  into  account  the  subject 
of  community  singing  would  be  incomplete.  Music  has  always  carried 
within  its  elements  the  power  to  stir  the  deeper  emotions  of  the  human 
soul,  to  arouse  the  finer  and  better  powers  of  human  nature,  to  bring 
solace  and  cheer  in  times  of  sorrow,  and  to  give  courage  and  fortitude 
to  carry  over  the  crisis  of  life. 

Perhaps  the  first  outstanding  characteristic  of  this  community  music 
was  its  voluntariness  and  spontaniety.  There  was  nothing  forced  about 
it,  and  no  man  served  for  pay.  James  Melluish,  who  was  one  of  the 
leaders  in  the  movement,  speaks  in  a  paper  written  January  4th,  1918, 
of  the  beginning  of  the  "sings"  as  being  spontaneous,  and  almost  with- 


J.    G.    Melluish 

out  care  so  far  as  preliminary  campaigns  were  concerned.  He  said: 
"We  were  contemplating  the  subject  from  a  distance  when  suddenly 
some  one  decided  to  launch  a  sing  in  one  of  the  public  schools,  and 
within  a  week  many  of  the  schools  were  clamoring  for  sings." 

Mr.  Melluish  again  in  the  paper  quoted  above  says:  "In  seeking 
leaders  for  these  'sings'  a  very  unusual  thing  happened;  voluntarily 
the  very  best  leaders  in  the  city  came  forward  and  offered  their  ser- 
vices freely  for  the  good  of  the  cause."  In  the  same  paper  he  states, 
' '  Musical  jealousies  and  petty  rivalries  which  had  hitherto  balked  con- 
certed efforts  in  musical  projects  in  this  comiminity  were  forgotten  or 
ignored." 

In  the  organization  and  coordination  of  the  school  singing,  Miss 
Mabelle  Glenn,  the  proficient  supervisor  of  Public  School  music  in  the 


156  McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WO  ELD    WAR 

Bloomington  schools,  with  the  efficient  assistance  of  many  of  the  teach- 
ers early  in  the  campaign  had  the  little  singing  soldiers  storming  the 
forts  of  indifference  if  there  was  any,  and  thru  the  schools  the  in- 
spiration of  song  passed  like  a  good  infection  into  every  home. 

If  schools  lacked  the  facilities  for  the  evening  "sings"  such  facili- 
ties were  soon  installed;  as  for  instance,  in  one  school  district  the  school 
had  no  lighting  facilities;  their  first  sing  was  under  the  dim  light  of 
small  candles.  The  next,  however,  found  the  school  building  equipped 
with  a  modern  electric  lighting  system.  Contests  interesting  and  friendly 
were  carried  on  between  the  various  grades  and  rooms  of  individual 
schools  as  to  which  grade  or  room  would  have  the  largest  attendance 
of  school  parents  at  given  "sings."  And  a  silver  cup  contest  was 
carried  on  between  the  various  schools  of  the  city. 

An  event  long  to  be  remembered  was  the  final  contest  in  mass  sing- 
ing for  the  Silver  Cup,  held  in  the  High  School  auditorium  the  afternoon 
of  December  24th,  1917.  The  leader  chosen  for  the  contest  was  Prof. 
Osborne  McConathy,  director  of  music  at  the  Northwestern  University 
of  Evanston.  Prof.  Lawrence  Erb  of  the  Musical  department  of  the 
University  of  Illinois  was  selected  as  the  judge,  and  the  final  competing 
schools  were  Hawthorne,  Emerson,  Franklin  and  Washington.  Needless 
to  say  these  five  school  groups  at  this  final  contest  for  the  cup  that 
would  always  remain  a  valued  memorial  to  the  winning  school,  acquitted 
themselves  with  pride  and  enthusiasm.  The  schools  by  standing  at 
the  close  of  the  contest  were  as  follows: 

First,  and  winning  school,  Hawthorne,  Prof.  Westhoff,  leader;  Mrs. 
James  Reeder,  pianist. 

Second,  Emerson  School;  Leader,  Dale  James;  Pianist,  Ralph  Freese. 

Third,  Franklin  School;  Leader,  Lyle  Straight;  Pianist,  Miss  Norma 
Brown. 

Fourth,  Washington  School;  Leader,  Mrs.  O.  R.  Skinner;  Pianist, 
Mrs.  Harry  Roush. 

Songs  used  were — Keep  the  Home  Fires  Burning,  Come  all  ye  Faith- 
ful, Tomorrow,  and  Hallelujah  Chorus  from  the  Messiah.  This  was 
doubtless  one  of  the  most  enthusiastic  meetings  held  during  the  year. 
The  Auditorium  of  the  new  High  School  was  crowded  to  the  doors,  the 
various  singing  groups  from  each  of  the  competing  schools  being  accom- 
panied with  hundreds  of  interested  friends  and  supporters.  It  being  the 
Christmas  occasion  a  chorus  of  fifty  well  trained  little  boys  and  girls 
from  the  grades  under  the  direction  of  Miss  Glenn  marched  in  procession 
singing  "Hark  the  Herald  Angels  sing."  The  dramatic  effect  added 
to  the  well  trained  voices  gave  beauty  and  the  charm  of  the  old  Christmas 
carol  to  the  whole  meeting. 

The  Hawthorne  school  was  awarded  the  honors  and  the  cup  by  Dr.. 
Erb  who  was  the  judge  chosen  for  the  decision. 

The  foregoing  will  suffice  to  give  some  idea  of  the  voluntariness  and 
spontaneity  of  these  "sings"  that  characterized  the  democratic  spirit 
that  stamped  itself  on  the  music  of  the  war  time  period.  Of  course  the 
music  was  chosen  for  its  adaptability  to  the  need  of  the  time.  The 
times  demanded  music  of  the  popular  type,  music  adapted  to  the  emo- 
tions common  to  all  classes  of  people;  the  man  from  the  shop  was  to 
sing  with  the  man  from  the  school  and  the  cathedral,  the  girl  from  the 
counter  with  brother  or  sweetheart  "over  there"  was  to  sing  from 
the  same  book  with  her  employer's  wife  whose  sons  were  "over  there." 

The  community  sing,  judged  by  numbers  reached  and  interested, 
was  a  success.  The  first  week  of  the  sings  in  the  various  schools,  the 
attendance  was  600.  By  the  fifth  week,  the  enthusiasm  had  spread  to 
the  extent  that  3200  were  present  at  the  various  "sings."  On  Sunday 
afternoon,  November  11,  1917,  was  held  what  was  one  of  the  most  not- 


157 


158 MCLEAN  COUNTY  AND  THE  wo  ELD  WAR 

able  mass  sings  at  the  High  School  auditorium  under  the  leadership  of 
Prof.  Peter  \V.  Dykema  with  an  attendance  of  over  2,000  people,  and 
an  overflow  meeting  of  several  hundred  at  a  nearby  tneater. 

Under  the  direction  of  Prof.  B.  C.  Moore,  bupt.  of  McLean  county 
schools,  "sings"  were  developed  in  the  sunounumg  country  schools, 
leaders  going  out  from  Bloomington  to  the  other  towns  of  McLean 
county.  By  this  method  it  is  sare  to  say  that  over  two  hundred  com- 
munity centers  of  McLean  county  were  moved  by  the  common  impulse 
of  songs,  and  the  larger  birth  of  community  consciousness  was  produced. 
The  most  cordial  assistance  in  this  work  was  given  by  Prof.  B.  C.  Moore, 
and  by  the  Federated  Parent-Teachers  Clubs,  with  Mrs.  Harry  Fleming 
as  president.  It  will  thus  be  seen  that  the  American  school,  the  mosc 
democratic  institution  in  American  Lte  gave  itself  freely  to  the  new 
democratic  type  of  song. 

On  November  6th,  the  general  shops  committee  of  the  Chicago  and 
Alton  E.  E.  gave  permission  to  those  in  charge,  to  organize  the  shop 
force. into  a  "sing."  The  first  sing  Drought  aoout  five  hundred  of  tue 
men.  The  interest  increased  until  over  a  thousand  men  every  Tuesday 
noon  gave  35  minutes  to  singing  national  and  patriotic  songs.  A  band 
of  fifteen  pieces  was  organized  by  Geo.  Apelt  and  with  Geo.  W.  Marton 
as  leader  the  thousand  luen  from  forge  ana  lathe  and  the  noise  of  boiler 
shops  and  car  shops,  painters  and  carpenters  and  engine  wipers  together 
joined  in  singing  courage  for  the  trying  hour. 

Similar  sings  were  held  at  Paul  F.  Beich  Co. 's  factory;  in  this 
instance  however,  Mr.  Beich  placed  a  piano  in  the  main  building,  where 
the  girls  were  encouraged  to  put  in  time  practicing  for  the  "sing"  to 
be  held  when  the  regular  leaders  came,  it  was  a  matter  of  comment, 
that  Mr.  Beich  himself,  one  of  the  leading  business  men  of  Illinois 
mingled  freely  with  his  employes  in  their  "sings."  Here  is  seen  what 
may  be  termed  one  of  the  by-products  of  the  community  spirit  of  song. 
There  was  revealed  a  common  interest  between  employer  and  employe, 
in  the  various  industries  and  institutions  of  the  business  world. 

Indicative  of.  the  interest  taken  by  the  business  men  of  the  city, 
it  is  of  interest  to  note  that  the  movement  was  led  by  James  Melluisii, 
a  civil  engineer  and  successful  man  of  affairs,  being  at  the  same  time  one 
of  the  city's  leading  organists.  The  men  who  gave  of  their  time  and 
leadership  without  stint  were  prominent  young  business  men,  Dale  James, 
Lyle  Straight,  Ealph  Freese,  all  prominent  young  men  of  affairs,  each 
a  leader  in  his  line. 

The  Eotarians  and  the  Association  of  Commerce  club  backed  up  the 
whole  movement  in  a  very  substantial  way  by  assisting  in  the  purchase 
of  2500  books  for  the  use  of  the  "sings." 

A  word  as  to  what  seems  to  be  the  permanent  contributions  to  com- 
munity life  from  this  movement,  and  this  chapter  will  close  with  a  few 
of  the  songs  that  were  popular  during  those  dark  days  of  national  sor- 
row and  hope. 

The  first  valuable  element  contributed  was  that  of  a  mutual  forti- 
tude, that  could  scarcely  have  been  awakened  thru  any  other  means.  All 
that  was  being  so  well  done  for  the  individual  of  the  community  thru 
the  Eed  Cross,  was  augumented  in  mass  effect  by  the  enthusiasm  of  the 
community  sing.  From  time  to  time  came  the  added  help  and  inspira- 
tion of  some  great  song  leader  from  distant  places. 

Second,  the  deeper  appreciation  on  the  part  of  all  the  people  of  the 
common  bond  of  popular  music,  the  increased  appreciation  of  the  national 
hymns,  the  patriotic  fervor  aroused  by  the  mass  movement,  and  third, 
the  revaluation  of  music  as  the  means  of  lightening  up,  and  poetizing 
the  monotony  and  commonplace  spirit  of  the  business  and  workaday 
world. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 159 

The  following  are  among  the  most  popularly  sung  numbers,  worthy 
to  he  passed  on  to  the  coming  generations  as  typical  of  the  spirit  of  a 
struggle  that  wo  shall  all  hope  may  never  be  again  a  part  of  the  world's 
life. 

OVER  THERE— (A-Flat) 

Over  there — Over  there — 

•Send  the  word,  send  the  word  over  there — 

That  the  Yanks  are  coming,  the  Yanks  are  coming, 

The  drums  rum-turning  every  where — 

80  prepare — say  a  prayer — 

Send  the  word,  send  the  word  over  there — 

We'll  be  over,  we're  coming  over 

And  we  won't  come  back  till  it's  over,  over  there. 

There  was  always  a  spirit  akin  to  the  spiritual  effect  of  the  real 
folk  song,  when  the  crowd  struck  in  on, 

' '  Pack  up  your  troubles  in  your  old  kit  bag, 

And  smile,  smile,  smile 
While  you've  a  lucifer  to  light  your  fag, 

Smile  boy,  that 's  the  style. 
What's  the  use  of  worrying? 

It's  never  worth  your  while,  so 
Pack  up  your  troubles  in  your  old  kit  bag, 

And  smile,  smile,  smile." 

To  overlook  the  increased  internationalism  of  spirit  as  manifest  in 
song,  would  be  to  overlook  one  of  the  greatest  assets  of  the  movement. 
Perhaps  one  of  the  most  impressive  features  of  the  whole  community 
sing  movement  was  the  presence  in  many  of  the  mass  meetings  of  scores 
of  foreign  born  men  and  women,  and  especially  children.  Out  of  the 
home  of  Scandinavian,  Hungarian,  Pole  and  all  other  representatives  of 
Europe  including  loyal  Americans  who  were  born  in  the  Kaiser's  own 
kingdom,  here  joined  heartily  in  singing  strength  to  the  heart  of  the 
great  cause  that  to  them  more  than  any  other  stood  for  liberty  and 
justice.  As  a  bit  of  the  French  spirit,  "Joan  of  Arc,"  became  popular, 
sung  in  the  key  of  (F). 

"Joan  of  Arc,  Joan  of  Arc, 

Do  your  eyes,  from  the  skies,  see  the  foe? 

Don't  you  see  the  drooping  Fleur-de-lis? 

Can't  you  hear  the  tears  of  Normandy? 

Joan  of  Arc,  Joan  of  Arc, 

Come,  lead  your  France  to  victory. 

If  these  brief  words  will  suffice  to  give  some  idea  of  the  song  spirit 
that  prevailed  during  the  trying  years  of  struggle,  conserving  to  future 
generations  a  bit  of  the  moral  and  spiritual  force  manifest  in  this  and 
multitudes  of  other  cities  and  states  all  over  the  world,  it  will  satisfy  the 
ambition  of  the  writer.  And  now  that  the  pain  and  suffering  is  past, 
and  many  homes  have  a  renewed  interest  in  European  countries  by  rea- 
son of  the  graves  that  are  there,  may  we  gather  in  twilight  of  memory 
and  imagination  and  sing, 

When  the  great  red  dawn  is  shining, 

When  the  waiting  hours  are  past, 

When  the  tears  of  night   are  ended 

And  I  see  the  day  at  last, 

I  shall  come  down  the  road  of  sunshine, 

To  a  heart  that  is  fond  and  true, 

When   the  great  red    dawn    is   shining, 

Back  to  home,  back  to  love  and  you. 


160 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOKLD    WAR 161 

Some  of  the  more  popular  verses  of  many  war-time  songs  were  these: 

MARSEILLAISE   HYMN 

(A-flat) 

Ye  sons  of  Freedom  awake  to  glory! 
Hark!    Hark!    what   myriads  bid   you  rise! 
Your  children,  wives,  and  grandsires  hoary, 
Behold   their   tears   and   hear   their  cries! 
Behold   their  tears   and   hear   their  cries! 
Shall  iTateful  tyrants,  mischief  breeding, 
With  hireling  hosts,   a  ruffian  band, 
Affright  and  desolate  the  land, 
While  peace  and  liberty  lie  bleeding? 

"SMILES" 

(G) 

Chorus: 

There  are  smiles  that  make  us  happy, 
There  are  smiles  that  make  us  blue, 
There   are   smiles   that   steal   away   the   teardrops 
As  the  sun-beams  steal  away  the  dew, 
There  are  smiles  that  have  a  tender  meaning 
That  eyes  of  love  alone  may  see, 
And  the  smiles  that  fill  my  life  with  sunshine 
Are  the  smiles  that  you  give  to  me. 

THERE'S  A  LONG,  LONG  TRAIL 

(A-flat) 
There's  a  long,  long  trail  a-winding 

Into  the   land  of  my  dreams, 
Where  the  nightingales  are  singing 

And  the  white  moon  beams; 
There's  a  long,  long  night  of  waiting 

Until  my  dreams   all   come  true, 
Till  the  day  when  I'll  be  going  down 

That  long,  long  trail  with  you. 

THE  ROSE  OF  NO  MAN'S  LAND 

(E-flat) 

There's  a  Rose  that  Grows  on  "No  Man's  Land," 
And  it's  wonderful  to  see: 

Tho'  it's  spray 'd  with  tears,  it  will  live  for  years, 
In  my  garden  of  memory. 
It's  the  one  red  rose  the   soldier  knows, 
It's  the  work  of  the  Master's  hand; 
'Mid  the  war's  great  curse  stands  the  Red  Cross  Nurse, 
She's  the  Rose  of  No  Man's  Land. 

KEEP  THE  HOME  FIRES  BURNING 

Keep  the  home  fires  burning, 
While  your  hearts  are  yearning, 
Tho  your  lads  are  far  from  home, 
They  dream  of  home — 
There's  a  silver  lining, 
Thru  the  dark  clouds  shining, 
Turn  the  dark  clouds  inside  out, 
Till   the   boys  come   home. 


162 McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

ASSOCIATION  OF  COMMERCE 

The  Bloomington  Association  of  Commerce  during  1917  and  1918 
devoted  its  energies  largely  to  work  to  help  the  nation  win  the  war. 
its  offices,  then  in  the  Griesheim  building,  became  headquarters  for 
many  minor  organizations,  such  as  fuel  committees,  food  price  com- 
mittees and  the  like.  In  the  summer  of  1917,  the  rooms  were  used  as 
a  recruiting  office  for  getting  men  to  fill  out  the  ranks  of  old  Company 
D,  which  later  became  a  part  of  the  famous  Prairie  Division.  The 
Association  had  its  own  War  Activities  committee,  which  worked  for 
the  comfort  of  successive  contingents  of  drafted  men  as  they  assembled 
for  departure  for  camps,  and  later  when  the  service  men  returned  home 
after  the  demobilization.  This  committee  had  designed  and  struck  a 
bronze  medal,  in  quantities  sufficient  to  give  one  to  each  man  who  went 
out  of  this  county  into  any  branch  of  service.  The  inscription  on  this 
medal  reads:  "McLean  County,  Illinois,  U.  S.  A.,  Honors  her  Soldier, 
John  Doe,  Serve  Well.  1918."  On  the  reverse  side  was  a  bas-relief 
of  the  great  seal  of  the  state  of  Illinois.  On  May  1,  1918,  the  Associa- 
tion of  Commerce  moved  into  its  present  spacious  quarters  upon  the 
second  floor  of  the  Durlcy  block,  the  new  location  giving  more  than  four 
times  the  floor  space  of  the  old. 

The  Association  of  Commerce  provided  and  financed  different  rooms 
as  headquarters  for  drives,  such  as  liberty  loans,  Eed  Cross,  war  benev- 
olences, etc.  The  city  and  county  organization  of  the  Council  of  Na- 
tional Defense  made  the  A.  of  C.  rooms  their  headquarters,  and  a  sec- 
retary, Miss  Reeser,  was  employed  constantly  for  this  kind  of  work. 
All  the  township  committees  of  the  C.  N.  D.  co-operated  through  this 
association  during  the  war.  The  Association  of  Commerce  raised  in 
special  funds  for  war  work  during  the  three  years  from  1917  to  1920, 
the  total  of  $4,991.81,  which  was  distributed  through  its  committees  and 
the  office  itself.  One  of  the  most  important  phases  of  its  war  work 
was  that  connected  with  the  establishment  of  the  Student  Army  Train- 
ing Corps  at  the  Wesleyan.  When  the  government  took  this  action,  the 
Association  of  Commerce  guaranteed  the  financing  of  the  barracks  on 
Wesleyan 's  campus,  at  a  cost  of  $27,000.  At  the  opening  of  these 
barracks,  the  A.  of  C.  and  Better  Farming  Association  put  on  a  benefit 
corn  show  and  raised  $5,000  for  building  a  students'  club  house.  The 
armistice  put  an  end  to  such  need,  and  the  fund  of  $5,000  was  distributed 
among  the  Home  Bureau,  the  Better  Farming  Association  and  the 
A.  of  C.  The  government  after  the  war  reimbursed  the  Association  for 
the  cost  of  the  barracks.  During  the  demobilization  period,  the  Associa- 
tion carried  on  its  most  beneficial  activity  through  its  canteen  committee 
and  War  Activities  committee.  The  Association  was  instrumental  in 
establishing  in  Bloomington  a  government  employment  agency,  which 
up  to  the  year  1920  had  secured  jobs  for  some  4,000  people,  many  of 
them  returned  service  men.  This  bureau  was  in  personal  charge  of 
John  E.  Matthews.  In  spite  of  the  strain  of  war  activity,  the  Associa- 
tion of  Commerce  carried  on  with  scarcely  any  interruption  during  1917 
and  1918  its  general  community  work  for  the  city's  welfare.  The  war- 
time officers  of  the  Association  of  Commerce  were:  President,  R.  C. 
Baldwin;  vice-president,  Milton  R.  Livingston;  secretary,  J.  H.  Hudson; 
treasurer,  Harris  K.  Hoblit. 

The  personnel  of  the  war  activities  committee  of  the  Association 
was  as  follows:  C.  L.  Hills,  chairman;  George  Washburn,  H.  D.  Bunncll, 
W.  H.  Homuth,  E.  E.  Jones,  C.  U.  Williams,  C.  B.  Hamilton.  For  three 
months  during  the  demobilization  period,  the  War  Camp  Community 
Service  organization  maintained  an  office  with  the  Association,  and  a 
paid  secretary  to  assist  returned  men  in  getting  back  into  civil  life. 


HcLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


163 


li 
R.   C.   Baldwin 


J.   H.   Hudson 


HONOR  ROLL 

The    following   members   of   the   Association   of   Commerce   were   in 
the  service: 


Carl  H.  Behr 
Wm.   Bright 
R.  W.  Bringham 
J.  J.  Butler 
Fred   Brian 
Dwight  E.  Beal 
John  Cleary 
T.  W.  Cantrell 
Dr.  Bchrendt 
Walter  J.  Freese 
W.  W.  Gailey 
G.  H.  Galford 
W.  H.  Gardner 
Harry  Hall 
H.  C.  Hawk,  Jr. 
Ed.  Hammond 
F.   M.   Harry 
J.  B.  Havens 
L.  A.   Hayes 
Ralph  Heffernan 
Rogers  Humphreys 
Blake  Holton 
Harry  L.  Howell 


T.  F.  Harwood 
Dr.  J.  K.  Hawks 
Julius  Klemm 
Ralph  McCord 
R.  A.  Noble 
R.  M.  O'Connell 
G.  N.  Paxton 
J.   Warren   Paxton 
Logan  Perry 
Ben  Rhodes 
A.  E.  Rogers 
Horace  Soper 
V.  G.  Staten 
Carl  F.  Schalk 
Chas.  H.  Snow 
E.  C.  Straub 
Earl  T.  Smith 
Glen  Walley 
Joe  Watchinski 
Walter  Williams 
Wm.  Wallis 
Thos.  W.  Weldon 


164 


John    F.    Anderson 


Mayor    E.   E.   Jones 


E.    R.    Morgan 


A.  G.  Erickson 


R.   L.   Carlock 


BLOOMINGTON  WAE  COUNCIL 

Of  the  many  civic  bodies  in  Bloomington  that  played  a  highly  important  part 
in  the  war,  none  is  deserving  of  a  fuller  measure  of  credit  than  the  Board  of  City 
Commissioners  composed  of  Mayor  E.  E.  Jones,  and  Commissioners  E.  R.  Morgan, 
John  F.  Anderson,  A.  G.  Erickson,  and  R.  L.  Carlock.  At  nearly  every  session  of 
the  council  during  the  period  of  the  war,  there  was  some  action  of  importance  cal- 
culated to  help  win  the  great  struggle.  The  council  set  the  pace  in  patriotism  by 
utilizing  surplus  funds  for  buying  Liberty  Bonds  and  War  Savings  Stamps  to  the 
extent  of  $24,832.  The  inauguration  of  the  War  Gardens,  which  vastly  increased 
the  output  of  vegetable  foodstuffs,  was  a  notable  movement  fostered  by  the  City  Council. 
This  was  in  charge  of  Commissioner  John  Anderson.  Hundreds  of  vacant  lots  were 
cleared  of  weeds  and  the  public  encouraged  and  assisted  in  growing  vegetables.  The 
total  acreage  thus  utilized,  was  very  large  and  the  food  produced  reached  a  very 
considerable  tonnage.  This  was  one  of  the  most  successful  side  movements  grow- 
ing out  of  the  war  and  many  of  these  vacant  lots  have  been  cultivated  following 
the  signing  of  the  armistice.  In  supporting  the  Council  of  Defense,  and  all  other 
patriotic  movements,  the  council  was  at  all  times  quick  to  respond  and  100  per  cent 
in  achievement,  and,  in  loyalty  and  activity,  was  second  to  none.  The  war  council 
will  always  be  held  in  grateful  remembrance  by  the  citizens  of  Bloomington  and 
all  McLean  County  as  well. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR  165 


WOMEN  AND  FOOD  CONSERVATION 

To  anyone  who  read  the  newspapers  during  the  first  few  months  of 
1917,  it  was  apparent  that  when  the  United  States  declared  war  on 
Germany,  there  would  be  some  sort  of  organized  campaign  for  food 
conservation  in  this  country.  The  question  of  food  had  become  critical 
for  the  warring  nations  and  the  United  States  would  play  a  large  part 
in  supplying  the  armies  and  civilians  of  our  associates  with  enough  food 
to  keep  them  in  the  fighting  ranks. 

The  prompt  action  of  Bloomington  and  McLean  county  women  in 
organizing  to  meet  this  need  will  always  be  one  of  the  greatest  matters 
of  pride  to  this  county.  During  the  latter  part  of  April,  just  after  our 
declaration  of  war,  Mrs.  Spencer  Ewing  went  before  the  officers  of  the 
McLean  County  Chapter  Eed  Cross,  and  offered  her  services  for  any 
work  in  food  conservation  that  might  be  taken  up.  The  offer  was  at 
once  accepted,  and  thereafter  during  the  whole  period  of  the  war  and 
reconstruction  months  that  followed,  Mrs.  Ewing  was  county  leader  in 
food  conservation.  To  her  is  due  large  credit  for  the  enlistment  of 
McLean  county  women  in  the  army  of  housewives  who  fought  in  the 
trenches  at  home,  against  starvation  abroad.  The  national  food  admin- 
istration, with  Herbert  Hoover  as  its  head,  did  not  begin  operations 
until  July,  1917,  so  it  may  be  seen  that  McLean  county  can  justly  claim 
the  distinction  of  having  been  foresighted. 

The  original  Conservation'  Committee  of  the  Red  Cross  was.  com- 
posed of  Mrs.  Ewing,  E.  C.  Baldwin,  Ben  Sumner,  W.  H.  Cummings, 
Eoy  Costigan,  H.  W.  Kelly,  John  G.  Miller,  Mrs.  F.  W.  Benjamin,  Miss 
Sallie  Anthony,  Mrs.  Paul  Beich,  Mrs.  J.  C.  Eiley,  Mrs.  S.  Noble  King, 
Mrs.  George  Monroe,  Mrs.  J.  B.  McConkie  and  Mrs.  Will  Moore. 

Later,  when  the  Woman's  Committee,  Council  of  Defense,  was  or- 
ganized, a  conservation  committee  was  appointed  as  follows:  Mrs.  F. 
W.  Benjamin,  president  of  McLean  County  Household  Science  Club;  Miss 
Nellie  Parham,  representing  public  library;  Miss  Alice  Treganza,  teacher 
of  domestic  science  in  public  schools;  Miss  Olla  Johnson,  Wesleyan 
domestic  science  teacher;  Mrs.  E.  J.  Carroll  of  Holy  Trinity  Ladies 
Aid;  Mrs.  Maurice  McCarthy  of  Daughters  of  Isabella;  Mrs.  G.  H. 
Johnson  of  Grace  Methodist  church;  Mrs.  E.  M.  Hamilton  of  Second 
Presbyterian  church;  Mrs.  F.  C.  Davison,  Second  United  Brethren  church; 
Mrs.  John  Coupe,  Parent-Teacher  Confederated  Club;  Mrs.  Jennie  C. 
Barlow,  Mrs.  Eoss  Breckenridge,  Miss  Laurastine  Marquis  and  Miss 
Emma  Wright. 

Thruout  the  emergency,  the  food  conservation  work  of  McLean 
county  was  done  equally  thru  the  Eed  Cross  committee  and  the  Woman's 
Committee,  C.  N.  D.,  and  reports  were  made  to  both  organizations. 

In  May,  1917,  forty-five  groups  for  the  study  of  new  problems  that 
confronted  housewives,  were  organized.  These  included  members  and 
representatives  from  the  Day  Nursery  Mothers'  Club,  Normal  Sewing 
Society,  Holy  Trinity  Ladies'  Aid,  several  ladies'  aid  societies  of  Bloom- 
ington protestant  churches,  Y.  W.  C.  A.  group  of  young  married  women, 
Normal  Improvement  League,  T.  P.  A.  auxiliary,  Home  Welfare  Club, 
Colored  Churches,  Normal  Neighborhood  group,  North  Clinton  Neighbor- 
hood group,  St.  Patrick's  Ladies'  Aid,  Thalia  Circle,  East  Side  Group, 
Heyworth  Household  Science  Club,  McLean  County  Household  Science 
club,  Country  Club,  West  Oakland  group,  White  Place  group,  Broadway 
group,  Emerson  school  group,  Spaulding  school  club,  Price  School  Club, 
Washington  street  school  club,  and  others. 

These  groups  came  together  during  the  summer  and  discussed  the 
world  food  situation  and  the  ways  in  which  local  women  could  help.  The 


166 McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

leader  of  each  group  attended  lectures  given  weekly  by  Mrs.  Jennie  C. 
Barlow.  A  room  for  these  meetings  was  opened  in  the  new  high  school 
building. 

In  July,  when  the  national  food  administration  began  its  work, 
pledges  were  sent  out  for  the  signatures  of  housewives.  About  700  of 
these  were  signed.  But  the  organization  was  still  imperfect,  and  it  was 
not  until  November  when  the  general  registration  of  women  took  place, 
that  McLean  county  housewives  in  any  large  way  signified  their  willing- 
ness to  enter  into  the  spirit  of  food  conservation.  When  the  matter  was 
put  before  them  in  a  detailed  statement,  9000  out  of  a  possible  11,000 
housewives  of  McLean  county  signed  the  pledges. 

In  July,  Miss  Naomi  Newburn,  of  the  University  of  Illinois,  gave 
a  week  of  canning  demonstrations  in  Bloomington.  She  urged  the  neces- 
sity for  preserving  for  winter  use  everything  that  could  be  preserved 
from  the  home  garden.  Her  demonstrations  were  largely  attended. 

During  the  late  summer  and  early  fall  months,  Miss  Emma  Wright,  a 
McLean  county  girl  with  university  training,  gave  weekly  demonstra- 
tions in  practical  war-time  cookery,  in  the  high  school  domestic  science 
room. 

It  was  during  the  fall  of  1917  that  agitation  for  employment  of  a 
home  adviser  was  first  begun  here,  Mrs.  Ewing,  Mrs.  Frank  W.  Benjamin, 
and  other  leaders  in  household  science  work,  initiating  the  movement. 
Under  the  Smith-Lever  bill,  the  government  had  several  years  before 
offered  funds  to  counties  employing  home  advisers,  on  the  same  basis  as 
farm  advisers  were  employed.  Up  to  this  time  there  had  been  but  one 
home  adviser  in  Illinois — in  Kankakee  county — where  the  experiment 
was  started  in  1914.  The  government,  in  an  effort  to  establish  home 
advisers  as  trained  leaders  of  conservation,  increased  the  funds  avail- 
able during  the  war  emergency,  and  it  was  to  take  advantage  of  this 
offer,  and  to  get  the  assistance  of  such  a  leader  that  the  McLean  county 
women  began  their  campaign  for  members  of  a  Home  Improvement 
Association. 

The  Illinois  Farmers'  Institute  held  its  annual  meeting  in  Bloom- 
ington in  February,  1918,  and  the  exhibits  for  the  Department  of  House- 
hold Science,  were  made  by  the  McLean  County  Food  Conservation  Com- 
mittee. The  Normal  high  school  arranged  plates  of  meats  and  meat  sub- 
stitutes to  illustrate  lessons  in  meat  saving;  Bloomington  high  school 
had  exhibits  on  sugar  saving;  Wesleyan  classes  showed  wheat  substi- 
tutes; the  I.  S.  N.  U.  classes  made  exhibits  of  fat  conservation.  During 
the  institute  hundreds  of  the  five-cent  conservation  cook  books  gotten 
out  by  the  State  Council  of  Defense,  were  sold. 

The  message  had  gone  forth  from  Washington  early  in  1918  that 
more  food  must  be  conserved  than  during  the  previous  year;  the  situa- 
tion abroad  was  more  and  more  critical  as  our  own  troops  were  sent, 
over  and  had  to  be  fed  3000  miles  from  the  base  of  supplies.  A  spirit 
of  downright  seriousness  began  to  prevail;  no  longer  were  complaints 
concerning  the  government  regulations  heard.  Wheat,  meat,  fats  and 
sugar  were  the  foods  upon  which  attention  was  concentrated. 

In  March,  1918,  a  war  kitchen  was  opened  on  North  Main  street. 
$25.00  for  material  and  equipment  being  supplied  by  the  Eed  Cross.  Here 
Miss  Naomi  Newburn  and  Miss  Olive  Percival  of  the  University  of  Illinois 
staff,  gave  two  demonstrations  daily  for  a  week  to  large  and  enthusiastic 
audiences.  Women  were  really  eager  to  learn  how  to  cook  in  order  to 
use  the  least  possible  amount  of  the  conservation  foods,  and  yet  to  main- 
tain the  health  of  their  families.  Daily  appeals  for  conservation  were 
made  by  the  women  in  charge. 

The  uses  of  rice  instead  of  potatoes;  fish  instead  of  meat;  syrups 
instead  of  sugar;  vegetable  fats  for  animal  fats;  were  all  demonstrated. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 167 

Perhaps  the  most  largely  attended  of  these  demonstrations  was  that  on 
' '  liberty ' '  breads — those  in  which  flours  other  than  wheat  were  used. 
Women  were  having  poor  success  in  using  the  wheat  substitutes,  and 
when  it  was  announced  that  Misses  Newburn  and  Percival  would  make 
several  loaves  from  various  flours,  interest  in  the  kitchen  knew  no  bounds. 
The  room  was  crowded  to  the  limit,  and  women  even  stood  out  on  the 
sidewalk. 

A  permanent  organization  called  the  Home  Improvement  Associa- 
tion was  formed  in  April,  as  the  result  of  agitation  previously  mentioned, 
for  a  home  adviser.  It  had  a  membership  of  1500  women  from  all  over 
the  county,  each  paying  $1  per  year  toward  its  support.  The  government 
likewise  paid  $1500  per  year.  There  was  a  director  in  each  township, 
who  stood  for  food  conservation  in  her  community.  In  June  the  home 
adviser  began  work.  She  was  Miss  Clara  R.  Brian  formerly  of  San  Jose. 
Because  McLean  county  is  so  large  that  one  person  could  not  give  it 
adequate  attention,  the  University  of  Illinois,  sent  Miss  Grace  D.  Taylor 
to  assist  Miss  Brian  during  the  first  two  months  she  was  here.  Food 
conservation  work  was  centered,  thereafter,  in  Miss  Brian,  who  gave 
lectures  and  demonstrations  six  days  a  week  and  traveled  several  thou- 
sand miles  by  train  and  automobile  to  towns  and  rural  communities  of 
the  county. 

The  Municipal  Canning  Kitchen  was  perhaps  the  most  spectacular 
piece  of  conservation  work  done  during  1918.  It  was  opened  in  the 
Pantagraph  buUding  on  June  18  and  closed  on  August  31  after  1128 
cans  of  produce  had  been  put  up  there.  To  the  kitchen  came  women 
from  all  over  McLean  county  and  nearby  towns  in  adjoining  counties. 
It  was  estimated  that  1200  housewives  heard  the  lectures  and  demon- 
strations given  twice  weekly  by  Miss  Taylor  and  Miss  Mabel  Sill  of 
Normal,  who  was  employed  for  this  work  after  Miss  Taylor  left.  In 
these  demonstrations  seasonable  fruits  and  vegetables  were  canned  and 
dried,  the  sorting  of  vegetables  was  shown,  pickles  and  sauer  kraut  were 
made,  and  meat  canning  was  illustrated. 

It  was  the  purpose  of  the  kitchen  to  so  get  before  the  people  di- 
rections for  canning  and  drying,  that  no  garden  produce  should  go  to 
waste.  There  was  a  plan  whereby  persons  having  surplus  garden  pro- 
ducts, donated  these  to  the  kitchen,  and  they  were  canned  by  volunteers, 
in  jars  donated  by  other  people.  At  the  end  of  the  season  665  quarts 
of  such  stuff  was  distributed  to  philanthropic  agencies  in  Bloomington 
and  Normal,  and  it  proved  invaluable  during  the  influenza  epidemic  of 
the  winter.  There  was  a  plan  whereby  a  woman  could  bring  her  own 
jars  and  produce  to  the  center  and  can  under  expert  direction,  no  charge 
being  made  for  this.  Or  she  might  send  produce  and  jars  and  have  it 
canned,  giving  half  to  the  center  as  payment  for  the  work. 

After  canning  season  was  practically  over,  several  demonstrations 
of  war-time  cookery  were  given  in  the  kitchen.  At  one  of  these  Miss 
Taylor  made  war  breads.  The  room  was  larger  than  that  in  which  the 
North  Main  street  war  kitchen  had  been  located,  but  it  was  taxed  to 
capacity  and  many  women  were  turned  away.  On  another  occasion  Miss 
Sill  made  sugarless,  wheatless  cakes  and  sugarless  icings.  This  brought 
another  large  crowd,  as  families  were  loathe  to  give  up  cake,  and  yet 
wanted  to  be  patriotic. 

The  municipal  kitchen  was  a  community  enterprise  in  which  many 
organizations  and  individuals  had  a  part — the  McLean  County  House- 
hold Science  Club,  the  Home  Improvement  Association,  Patriotic  League 
girls,  Boy  Scouts,  the  Motor  Emergency  Corps,  the  Council  of  Defense, 
Food  Conservation  Department  of  the  Red  Cross,  Bloomington  Panta- 
graph and  church  societies.  The  financial  support  was  given  by  a  few 
individuals,  the  Council  of  Defense  and  the  Pantagraph. 


168 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    TTJK    WO  ELD    WAR 


Mrs.  Spencer  Ewing 


Miss  Clara  Brian 


School  children  were  enlisted  in  the  food  conservation  game  early 
in  its  history.  They  participated  in  three  essay  contests  which  were 
designed  to  give  publicity  to  some  phase  of  conservation.  The  first  was 
open  to  all  pupils  of  the  county.  A  prize  was  offered  by  Mrs.  Ewing 
for  the  best  short  essay  on  the  benefits  of  having  a  home  adviser.  The 
second  was  a  similar  contest  in  which  three  prizes  were  given  to  the 
children  who  wrote  most  convincingly  on  "Why  and  How  Wheat  Flour 
Should  Be  Conserved."  The  third  was  a  potato  essay  contest,  in  which 
ward  school  domestic  science  classes  participated.  The  winning  paper 
contained  a  list  of  435  ways  in  which  potatoes  may  be  prepared,  and 
another  named  410  recipes  for  potatoes.  High  school  English  classes, 
used  potatoes  as  the  subject  for  essays,  stories  and  verses.  During  the 
time  when  potatoes  were  extremely  scarce  and  high  in  price  this  co- 
operation in  the  schools  helped  materially  in  getting  the  Food  Admin- 
istration's program  before  the  public. 

It  is  interesting  to  recall  the  first  set  of'  rules  issued  by  the  United 
States  food  administration  and  which  were  sent  to  Bloomington  chapter 
of  the  Eed  Cross  for  promulgation  among  the  women  of  this  section. 
These  rules  were  modified  from  time  to  time,  but  the  first  draft  of  them 
is  as  follows: 

Save  the  Wheat. — One  wheatless  meal  a  day.  Use  corn,  oatmeal,  rye 
or  barley  bread  and  non-wheat  breakfast  foods.  Order  bread  twenty- 
four  hours  in  advance  so  your  baker  will  not  bake  beyond  his  needs. 
Cut  the  loaf  on  the  table  and  only  as  required.  Use  stale  bread  for 
cooking,  toast,  etc.  Eat  less  cake  and  pastry. 

Save  the  Meat. — Beef,  mutton  or  pork  not  more  than  once  daily. 
Use  freely  vegetables  and  fish.  At  the  meat  meal  serve  smaller  por- 
tions, and  stews  instead  of  steaks.  Make  made-dishes  of  all  left-overs. 
Do  this  and  there  will  be  meat  enough  for  everyone  at  a  reasonable 
price. 

Save  the  Milk. — The  children  must  have  milk.  Use  every  drop.  Use 
buttermilk  and  sour  milk  for  cooking  and  making  cottage  cheese.  Use 
less  cream. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR  169 

Save  the  Fats. — We  are  the-  world's  greatest  fat  wasters.  Fat  is 
food.  Butter  is  essential  for  the  growth  and  health  of  children.  Use 
butter  on  the  table  as  usual  but  not  in  cooking.  Other  fats  are  as  good. 
Eeduce  use  of  fried  foods.  Save  daily  one-third  ounce  animal  fats. 
Soap  contains  fats.  Do  not  waste  it.  Make  your  own  washing  soap  at 
home  out  of  the  saved  fats. 

Save  the  Sugar — Sugar  is  scarce.  We  use  today  three  times  as 
much  per  person  as  our  allies.  So  there  may  be  enough  for  all  at  rea- 
sonable price,  use  less  candy  and  sweet  drinks.  Do  not  stint  sugar  in 
putting  up  fruit  and  jams.  They  will  save  butter. 

Save  the  Fuel. — Coal  comes  from  a  distance  and  our  railways  are 
overburdened  hauling  war  material.  Help  relieve  them  by  burning  fewer 
fires.  Use  wood  when  you  can  get  it. 

Use  the  Perishable  Foods. — Fruits  and  vegetables  we  have  in  abun- 
dance. As  a  nation  we  eat  too  little  green  stuffs.  Double  their  use  and 
improve  your  health.  Store  potatoes  and  other"  roots  properly  and  they 
will  keep.  Begin  now  to  can  or  dry  all  surplus 'garden  products. 

Use  Local  Supplies. — Patronize  your  local  producer.  Distance  means 
money.  Buy  perishable  food  from  the  neighborhood  nearest  you  and 
thus  save  transportation. 

Buy  less,  serve  smaller  portions. 

Preach  the  "Gospel  of  the  Clean  Plate." 

Don't  eat  a  fourth  meal. 

Don't  limit  the  plain   food   of  growing  children. 

Watch  out  for  the  wastes  in  the  community. 

Full  garbage  pails  in  America  mean  empty  dinner  pails  in  America 
and  Europe. 

For  many  months  a  person's  patriotism  was  judged  quite  as  much 
according  to  the  food  he  ate,  as  according  to  the  money  contribution 
he  made  toward  winning  the  war.  The  rules  of  the  Food  Administra- 
tion were  obeyed  without  question  in  McLean  county.  The  consumption 
of  sugar  was  cut  to  two  pounds  per  person  per  month,  except  for  can- 
ning, and  that  was  limited.  Bread  made  of  all  wheat  flour  was  all  but 
forgotten.  There  was  no  waste  of  fats.  The  people  pulled  together  in 
wonderful  team  work  for  the  husbanding  of  supplies  for  American  sol- 
diers and  our  associates  in  the  war. 

With  food  regulations  what  they  were,  and  a  genuine  desire  on  the 
part  of  country  women  to  conform  thereto,  the  problem  of  threshing 
dinners  became  acute,  for  war  breads,  especially  could  not  be  prepared 
in  advance;  pies  were  taboo  in  some  communities;  a  great  many  women 
hesitated  about  making  substitute  cakes;  and  meat  was  almost  out  of 
the  question.  Various  solutions  were  found  in  various  communities,  de- 
pending somewhat  on  the  men  for  whom  the  threshing  dinners  were 
cooked.  But  it  was  found,  (to  the  surprise  of  a  great  many  cooks,  be 
it  admitted)  that  good  meals,  conforming  to  food  administration  rules 
and  requests  could  be  provided  and  the  cooks  be  commended  by  the 
threshers  for  their  patriotism. 

The  fact  that  McLean  county  is  one  of  the  richest  counties  in  the 
world  might  have  accounted  for  failure  to  obey  in  letter  and  spirit  the 
rules  of  the  administration.  But  violations  were  so  few  that  they  were 
practically  negligible,  a  fact  of  which  McLean  county  people  may  al- 
ways be  proud. 

With  the  signing  of  the  armistice,  the  urge  for  conservation  was 
largely  gone,  but  as  a  result  of  the  work  done  during  the  war  McLean 
county  has  a  permanent  Home  Bureau  (as  the  Home  Improvement  Asso- 
ciation was  later  called)  which  will  carry  on  college  extension  work 
and  lessons  in  the  best  for  home  and  community  life,  thru  many  years 
to  come. 


170 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


WOMEN  IN  THE  SERVICE 

Of  the  women  of  McLean  county  who  were  in  the  army  service, 
either  as  attaches  of  the  Red  Cross  or  nurses  otherwise,  the  following 
are  well  worth  of  especial  credit: 

(Serving  overseas): 

Miss  Alice  O.  Smith,  Normal;  Miss  Florence  Schreiner,  Bloomington; 
Miss  Carolyn  Schertz,  Bloomington;  Miss  E.thel  Irwin,  Bloomington; 
Miss  Catherine  Smith,  Bloomington;  Miss  Fannie  E.  Woodbury,  Bloom- 


Miss   Charlotte  Bender 


Miss    Catherine    Smith 


ington;  Miss  Virginia  Langley,  Bloomington;  Miss  Charlotte  Bender, 
Bloomington;  Miss  Mary  Agnes  Burke,  Bloomington;  Miss  Mable  Brust, 
Bloomington;  Miss  Bessie  Moon,  Bloomington;  Miss  Mary  Sheridan, 
Bloomington. 

List  of  Army  nurses  and  others  who  served  in  camps  in  the  States: 

Miss  Alice  Markland,  Ft.  Sam  Houston.     Bloomington. 

Miss  Emily  Ransom.        Bloomington. 

Miss  Ruth  Maxwell,  Walter  Reid   Hosp.,   D.   C.     Bloomington. 

Miss  Charlotte  Ross,  Camp  Shelby,  Miss.     McLean,  111. 

Miss  Eva  Ely,  Camp  Shelby,  Miss.     Bloomington. 

Miss  Florence  Johnson,   Camp   Shelby,   Miss.     Normal,  111. 

Miss  Mary  Mortimore,  Camp  Shelby  and  Ft.  McHenry.  Bloomington. 

Miss  Grace   Gaines,  Ft.  Oglethorpe.     Bloomington. 

Miss  Evelyn  Worley,  Ft.  Oglethorpe.     Bloomington. 

Miss  Sarah   Wells,   Camp   Grant,  111.     Bloomington. 

Miss  Bertha  Duff,  Camp  Grant.     Bloomington. 

Miss  Anna  Miller,  Camp  Grant.     Bloomington. 

Miss  Edna  Smiley,  Camp  Grant.     Bloomington. 

Miss  Bertha  Dunn,  Camp  Grant  and  Fort  Snelling.     Lexington. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    II'ORLD    WAR 


171 


Miss  Arnc  A.  Allen,  Camp  Dix.     Bloomington. 

Miss  Margaret  O'Eeilly,   Camp  Dix.     Bloomington. 

Miss  Amy  L.  Clark,  Camp  Wadsworth,  S.  C.     Bloomington. 

Miss  Myrtle  Crum,  Camp  Gordon,  Ga.     Bloomington. 

Miss  Clara  Mann,  Walter  Eeid  Hosp.,  Tacoma  Park,  D.  C.  Bloom- 
ington. 

Miss  Beulali  Leuberman,  Ft.  Oglethorpe,  Ga.  and  Walter  Eeid  Hos- 
pital, D.  C.  Bloomington. 

Miss  Amelia  Hughes,  Ft.  Thomas,  Ky.     Bloomington. 

Miss  Opha  Wren,  Bloomington.     A.  E.  F. 

Miss  Margaret  Merwin,  Bloomington.     A.  E.  F. 


WAS  NURSE   IN  FRANCE 

Miss   Charlotte   Bender,  daughter  of   Mr.  and   Mrs.  Charles  Bender 
of  Bloomington,  early  responded  to  the  call  for  Eed   Cross  nurses,   and 


Miss   Bertha  Dunn 


Miss   Ruth  Maxwell 


Miss   Carolyn    Schertz 


served  for  a  year  at  the  United  States  base  hospital  in  France.  She 
sailed  early  in  1918  and  performed  efficient  service  until  the  close  of 
the  war.  Miss  Bender  was  a  member  of  the  unit  from  the  Presbyterian 
hospital  of  Chicago  and  was  stationed  at  Base  Hospital  13  in  France. 


STORY  OF  ALICE   SMITH 

Miss  Alice  Orme  Smith  of  Normal,  daughter  of  Col.  and  Mrs.  D.  C. 
Smith  whose  service  was  largely  in  Europe,  had  the  distinction  of  re- 
ceiving the  following  commendation  from  Gen.  Pershing  August  14,  1918. 
' '  The  Commander-in-Chief  was  proud  to  learn  from  a  report  from  the 
office  of  the  Inspector  General,  A.  E.  F.,  of  the  fine  courage  shown  by 
you  and  your  personnel  under  shell  fire  when  stationed  with  the  42nd 
Division  at  Bussy,  France.  He  congratulates  Mobile  Hospital  No.  2, 
and  requests  you  to  inform  its  members  that  he  is  proud  to  have  them 
in  his  command." 

Miss  Smith  wrote  of  her  experiences  as  follows: 

"My  time  was  entirely  spent  with  a  mobile  hospital.  These  mobile 
hospitals  stand  in  the  line  with  field  hospitals  to  give  prompt,  rather 
delicate  treatment  to  cases  that  are  non-transportable.  We  were  sud- 
denly called  away  from  the  British  in  June  and  sent  to  Paris.  Wounded 
from  Chateau  Thierry  were  being  sent  to  Paris  with  only  their  first  aid 
dressings.  Everybody  was  put  to  work,  American  Eed  Cross  workers, 
even  American  civilians  lent  a  hand.  There  were  two  or  three  air  raids 
every  night,  and  the  screams  of  the  sirens  and  the  noise  of  the  anti- 
aircraft guns  added  to  the  confusion.  We  were  very  busy  until  the  first 
wyeek  in  July.  There  was  a  sense  of  something  brewing.  There  were 
rumors  of  another  offensive  and  on  the  5th  of  July  we  were  ordered  to 


172 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

join  the  troops  that  would  meet  this  offensive.  We  were  sent  east  of 
Eheims.  The  roads  were  dusty  and  it  was  very  hot.  Our  side  of  the 
road  was  full  of  people  going  to  the  front,  and  the  other  side  was  full 
of  people  who  were  escaping,  of  broken  equipment,  and  an  occasional 
dispatch  rider  who  dashed  by.  It  was  a  desolate  wilderness  to  which 
we  went.  We  left  our  tents  behind  because  we  were  to  be  quartered 
in  French  barracks.  When  we  arrived  we  found  that  before  every  door 
was  a  little  cart  in  which  people  had  packed  the  belongings  they  would 
take  away  in  case  it  was  necessary  to  escape.  Every  night  our  troops 
put  over  a  tremendous  barrage.  We  had  little  to  do  in  the  hospital  be- 
cause there  was  no  actual  fighting.  These  shells  were  to  harrass  the 
enemy  as  he  brought  up  supplies.  The  Huns'  silence  was  ominous.  But 
at  midnight  of  July  14  we  were  awakened  by  a  tremendous  noise  of 
explosions  and  the  German  shells  were  landing.  Then  came  the  camp 
Klaxon,  which  means  gas  shells.  We  dashed  to  a  shelter,  where  three 
tiers  of  stretchers  could  be  placed.  Some  of  the  first  shells  hit  the 
hospital  and  the  patients  in  their  beds.  Soon  shells  hit  the  electric 
dynamo  and  there  was  no  light  except  candles.  The  dugout  was  so  full 
we  could  not  reach  the  patients,  but  we  gave  them  stimulants  as  best 
we  could.  The  cook  who  ventured  out  after  coffee  was  hit.  We  went 
to  the  operating  room  at  2  o  'clock  and  worked  with  tin  hats  on  our 
heads  and  gas  masks  within  reach.  In  two  hours  the  range  of  the  guns 
came  back  and  part  of  the  operating  rooms  was  blown  off.  Then  the 
order  came  to  retreat.  At  nine  o  'clock  in  the  morning  the  patients 
were  evacuated  and  after  all  were  sent  out  the  staff  packed  equipment 
and  escaped.  The  St.  Mihiel  was  the  first  all- American  offensive.  Great 
secrecy  was  necessary,  and  it  must  be  a  success.  Troops  were  not  al- 
lowed to  move  except  at  night,  no  new  roads  must  be  built  or  old  ones 
widened  or  changed.  We  were  not  even  allowed  a  flashlight  at  night. 
We  were  unloaded  at  night  on  the  side  of  a  hill.  Above,  on  the  crest 
of  the  hill,  was  out  of  bounds,  because  we  could  be  seen  by  the  enemy 
across  the  valley.  Toward  morning  we  lay  down  to  try  and  get  a  snatch 
of  sleep.  We  lay  down  in  our  clothes.  Never  a  sound  did  we  hear. 
When  we  woke  in  the  morning  you  had  probably  heard  over  the  cables 
that  the  offensive  was  on.  But  there  was  no  traffic  on  the  road,  no 
ambulances,  no  word.  At  noon  we  heard  that  they  had  gone  over,  but 
the  men  called  the  attack  a  walkaway.  They  reduced  the  salient  rather 
easily.  We  waited  and  expected  the  wounded  to  come  in.  Never  a 
wounded  person  came.  There  were  a  great  many  wounded,  but  not  in 
as  large  proportion  as  usual,  and  what  there  were  had  been  sent  back 
to  hospitals  in  the  Toul  sector.  Where  we  were  we  had  a  great  many 
seriously  wounded,  because  the  battle  was  raging  and  the  men  were 
trying  to  forge  ahead.  As  they  came  back  and  we  asked  them  about 
it,  they  would  say  'it  was  pretty  hot.'  They  would  never  tell  you  much 
about  it.  The  men  who  came  back  from  the  Argonne  were  disturbed 
by  rumors  of  peace.  They  said  they  did  not  want  it  to  end  until  they 
had  put  an  end  to  those  blithers.  They  chaffed  at  disabilities  that  kept 
them  out  of  the  line.  With  the  armistice  came  new  orders  and  we 
moved  on,  but  not  until  we  had  performed  the  last  rites  for  the  400 
dead  we  had  left  there." 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 173 

MCLEAN  COUNTY  COUNCIL  OF  DEFENSE 

A  previously  unwritten  and  yet  one  of  the  most  important  chapters 
in  the  history  of  the  late  war,  is  the  part  taken  by  the  McLean  County 
Council  of  Defense.  It  is  but  common  justice  to  pay  tribute  to  the 
patriotic  body  which  performed  its  mission  so  unobtrusively  and  without 
ostentation  and  yet  which  was  one  of  the  most  efficient  and  essential 
organizations  of  the  nation.  Victory  was  achieved  and  the  enemy  capit- 
ulated to  the  most  stringent  terms  of  surrender  that  history  records. 
For  America,  the  actual  arena  of  the  war  was  3,000  miles  overseas,  and, 
into  this  arena,  the  Government  of  the  United  States  threw  2,000,000 
of  the  most  superb  troops  that  the  drama  of  warfare  has  known  and, 
what  is  more  to  its  credit,  got  them  there  on  time  and  made  possible 
the  final  smashing  blow.  The  organization,  transportation  and  clocklike 
delivery  at  the  eleventh  hour  of  these  irresistible  citizen  armies  of  the 
republic  of  the  western  world,  is  an  epic  in  itself,  a  story  in  the  making 
of  which  all  who  served,  are  miraculously  fortunate  to  have  borne  even 
a  small  part.  The  sacrifices  that  have  been  made  on  this  side  of  the 
water,  should  be  counted  as  nothing,  unless,  indeed,  they  should  be  held 
as  benefits  conferred,  for,  in  the  philosophy  of  sacrifice,  there  is  gain 
for  every  human  being.  None  who  participated  in  the  war,  either  abroad 
or  at  home,  will  ever  again  move  on  as  great  a  stage  or  be  so  close  to 
the  chemistry  of  high  events.  Those  who  have  had  the  most  to  offer 
have  been  the  happiest.  There  need  be  no  repining,  whatever  the  ma- 
terial cost  may  have  been.  The  war  has  been  won  and  the  world  is  be- 
ing remade.  The  nations  that  have  been  aligned  upon  the  side  of  a 
decent  civilization  will  have  their  share  in  the  remaking,  and  the  logic 
of  events  will,  no  doubt,  bring  a  contribution  to  the  world 's  future  wel- 
fare, even  from  those  defeated  countries  in  which  new  and  better  forces 
are  arising,  we  hope,  out  of  the  ashes  of  empire,  empire  perverted  and 
gone  awry. 

But  here  at  home,  there  were  armies  also  and  they  performed  a 
mighty  task.  They  were  created  without  mandates;  they  were  welded 
into  cohesive  form  by  suggestion  rather  than  by  order;  they  were  gal- 
vanized from  beginning  to  end  by  the  mighty  force  of  voluntary  co- 
operation; and  they  served  with  an  efficient  power  which  nothing  could 
have  stopped.  They  were  the  armies  of  production,  not  alone  of  guns 
and  steel  plates,  soldiers,  shoes  and  the  like,  not  alone  of  visible  things 
but  production  of  energy  of  thought  that  made  the  bayonet  a  flaming 
thing;  of  optimism  to  offset  the  stupid  pessimism  of  people  who  criti- 
cized, but  had  nothing  tangible  to  contribute;  of  the  immortal  spirit 
of  "carry  on,"  of,  above  all  unification.  For  it  has  only  been  within 
the  period  of  the  war  that  this  nation  completely  realized  that,  after  all, 
it  is  properly  introduced  to  itself,  and  is  but  a  partnership  of  100,000,000 
persons.  Out  of  all  of  this  grew  the  great  lesson  of  the  war  to  America; 
the  independency  of  social  effort  which,  in  the  last  equation,  must  keep 
a  nation  wholesome  in  peace  and  which  must  furnish  the  continuing 
tireless  force  behind  the  cutting  edge  in  time  of  war.  This  then,  broadly, 
was  the  task  of  those  at  home.  In  the  vast  work  of  unification,  in  the 
carrying  from  Washington  to  the  people,  the  messages  and  measures  of 
the  national  government  and  in  the  transmission  back  to  Washington  of 
the  moods  and  aspirations  of  a  people  at  war,  the  council  of  defense 
system  with  its  more  than  180,000  units  set  down  in  every  county  of 
the  country,  played  a  definite,  stirring,  and  highly  fruitful  part.  Launched 
May  2,  1917,  the  Council  of  National  Defense  forged  into  action  immedi- 
ately. The  McLean  county  organization  was  as  follows: 

Mayor,  E.  E.  Jones,  Chairman;  B.  F.  Hiltabrand,  secretary;  E.  C. 
Baldwin,  John  Normile,  W.  T.  Wolcott,  D.  G.  Fitzgerrell,  J.  J.  Condon, 


174  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 


SOME   LEADERS  IN   COUNCIL   OF  DEFENSE 


John   J.    Condon 


Judge   Sain  Welty 


William  L.   Moore 


Dr.  Theodore  Kemp 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


175 


and  Elmo  Franklin,  directors.  This  board  appointed  the  numerous  com- 
mittees divided  by  chairmen,  as  follows:  Finance  Committee — Will  L. 
Moore;  Neighborhood — Dr.  Theodore  Kemp;  Food — D.  O.  Thompson; 
Boys  Reserve — B.  C.  Moore;  Publicity — L.  O.  Eddy;  Federal  Fuel — Spen- 
cer Ewing  and  Bert  Franklin;  Women 's  Organization — Mrs.  F.  O.  Hanson ; 
Liberty  Loans — Harris  K.  Hoblit;  War  Havings  Stamps — Judge  James 
C.  Eiley;  Legal  Advisory  Board — Judge  Sain  Wclty  and  E.  E.  Donnelly; 
Four  Minute  Men — C.  B.  Hughes;  Eed  Cross — Campbell  Holton;  Y.  M. 
C.  A. — H.  O.  Stone;  Civilian  Belief — Mrs.  Jacob  A.  Bohrer;  Non-War 
Material  Conservation — A.  E.  Pillsbury;  Merchandise  Conservation — 
Milton  Livingston;  Knights  of  Columbus — James  Flavin. 

It  was  the  task  of  these  committees  and  their  aides  to  carry  out  the 
programs  of  the  War,  Navy,  Agriculture,  Interior,  and  Labor  Depart- 
ments; the  Food  and  Fuel  Administrations;  the  Shipping  Board;  the 


B.  F.  Hiltabrand 


D.  G.  Pitzgerrell 


United  States  Employment  Service;  the  Childrens  Bureau;  the  Bureau 
of  Education;  the  American  Red  Cross;  the  National  War  Savings  Com- 
mittee; the  several  Liberty  loans;  the  Commission  on  Training  Camp 
Activities;  the  suppression  of  the  German  press  and  abolition  of  German 
from  county  schools:  loyalty  cards,  handled  by  neighborhood  commit- 
tees; Legal  Advisory  Board  with  the  assistance  of  the  McLean  County 
Bar  in  filling  out  questionnaires;  Emergency  Farm  LaBor,  furnished  by 
D.  O.  Thompson,  assisted  by  Herman  Ochs  and  others,  also  B.  C.  Moore 
who  placed  many  boys;  prosecution  of  citizens  who,  by  their  expressions, 
appeared  to  be  disloyal,  and  also  those  who  while  financially  able,  refused 
to  contribute  to  the  war  activities. 

It  fell  to  the  McLean  County  Council  of  Defense  to  serve  these  and 
other  official  and  recognized  agencies  united  in  the  common  task  of  war. 
The  draft  boards  were  assisted  with  volunteer  workers,  both  physicians 
and  clerks,  and  who  aided  in  the  transcription  of  occupational  cards  and 
in  bringing  out  a  full  registration  and  the  roundup  of  delinquents.  Be- 
fore the  draft,  the  Council  of  Defense  was  in  the  forefront  of  recruiting. 
It  counteracted  destructive  criticism  of  the  government's  war  measures 
by  replacing  thoughtless  gossip  with  constructive  truths.  The  publicity 
organization  was  unparalleled  in  the  effectiveness  and  extent  of  its  con- 


176  McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    TEE    WOELD    WAR 

tact  with  the  press  and  in  the  vigor  and  completeness  of  the  speakers' 
bureaus;  the  contact  with  the  people  themselves  through  community 
councils  and  war  units  and  the  complete  enlistment,  organization  and 
leadership  of  the  women  of  America,  were  a  mighty  source  of  power 
from  which  rose  much  of  the  strength  of  the  local  boards.  Energies  were 
fused  into  one  great  harmonious  and  efficient  power.  Non-war  construc- 
tion and  consumption  were  curtailed;  the  welfare  of  departing  and  re- 
turning soldiers  was  promoted,  public  information  was  given  as  to  possi- 
bilities provided  by  the  Federal  Board  for  Vocational  Education  for 
crippled  soldiers;  cases  reported  of  unwarranted  payments  under  the 
war  risk  insurance  law  and  detection  of  deserters  aided.  Enemy  owned 
property  was  located;  enemy  propaganda  was  met  with  counter  propa- 
ganda, and  the  spread  of  sedition  and  disloyalty  checked,  and  at  the 
same  time  working  against  lawlessness  in  the  treatment  of  persons  sus- 
pected of  disloyalty;  the  work  of  Americanization;  relieving  railroad 
congestion;  facilitating  motor  transportation,  etc.,  all  being  a  part  of 
the  great  work  of  the  Council  of  Defense.  It  brought  to  the  people  a 
message  of  economy  and. thrift,  the  conservation  and  protection  of  food 
and  in  co-ordinating  the  work  of  war  agencies  in  the  interests  of  economy 
of  resources  and  effort.  It  aided  in  the  collection  of  funds  for  the  Eed 
Cross,  the  United  War  Work  campaigns;  aided  existing  social  agencies 
in  meeting  the  strain  of  the  war  and  in  protecting  young  people  from 
the  serious  social  effects  of  abnormal  times,  helped  to  fight  what  was 
vicious  and  foster  what  was  good  and  wholesome  in  our  social  life.  It 
assisted  in  the  recruiting  of  nurses  to  fill  the  needs  of  the  hospitals 
abroad  and  at  home;  assisted  the  navy  in  the  collection  of  optical  in- 
struments; in  the  campaign  to  secure  volunteers  for  the  shipyards. 
Through  speakers,  motion  pictures,  posters,  the  press  and  through  personal 
contact,  community  singing  and  the  organized  fellowship  of  war  work- 
ers, the  council  aroused  in  the  public  a  desire  for  service;  it  brought 
before  the  people  an  intelligent  vision  of  how  that  service  could  best 
be  rendered  and  upheld  the  faith  and  enthusiasm  through  the  trying 
years  of  the  war,  thus  winning  the  high  title  of  special  guardians  of 
the  civilian  morale.  In  evolving  measures  to  increase  agricultural  pro- 
duction and  to  combat  influenza  and  conserve  the  public  health,  all  have 
led  to  permanent  benefits.  A  national  interest  was  awakened  in  the 
health  of  the  children,  in  the  safeguarding  of  women  who  entered  the 
industrial  field,  and  in  the  assimilation  of  and  Americanization  of  our 
foreign  born  in  healthy  group  recreation  and  social  expression  and  in 
wise  nonpartisan  community  organization.  Following  the  war,  the  Coun- 
cil of  Defense  assisted  in  finding  employment  for  discharged  soldiers  and 
sailors  and  in  the  rehabilitation  and  care  of  wounded  or  sick  soldiers; 
in  procuring  legal  advice  and  in  providing  suitable  reception  to  the  re- 
turning heroes  and  in  making  permanent  recognition  of  their  deeds  of 
valor.  In  other  ways,  the  Council  of  Defense  of  McLean  county  distin- 
guished itself  for  its  superb  co-operation  unit  and  which  was  one  of 
the  major  assets  of  the  war  to  America.  Elsewhere  in  this  work  will 
be  found  more  extended  reference  to  the  various  departments  and 
particular  reference  to  the  work  of  individuals.  Nothing  that  can  be 
said,  unduly  praises.  McLean  county  may  justly  be  proud  of  its  record. 
In  men,  money  and  materials,  in  products  of  the  farm,  and  of  the  factory, 
and  in  wholehearted  response  to  every  call  for  service  or  sacrifice  im- 
posed by  the  time,  McLean  county  gave  to  the  nation  and  its  cause, 
upon  a  scale  surpassing  even  its  best  traditions  and  its  rank  in  the 
state  of  Illinois.  The  contribution  of  the  McLean  County  Council  of 
Defense,  was  of  a  kind  that  can  not  be  reduced  to  tables  of  statistics 
or  expressed  in  definite  form,  for  in  war  time,  as  at  no  other  time, 
momentous  results  are  often  the  product  of  efforts  that  can  not  be 
weighed,  measured,  or  even  approximately  estimated. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 177 

MAJ.  GEN.  JAMES  G.  HARBORD 

It  was  an  honor  to  McLean  County  in  connection  with  the  world 
war  that  one  of  the  men  highest  in  the  councils  of  the  military  expedi- 
tion in  Europe  was  a  man  who  had  his  birth  and  youth  in  this  county, 
and  who  retained  his  friendship  and  acquaintances  here,  returning  for 
a  visit  in  person  after  he  returned  victorious  from  the  world  struggle. 
He  was  Gen.  James  G.  Harbord,  who  went  to  Europe  in  1917  as  chief 
of  staff  to  Gen.  John  J.  Pershing,  the  commander  in  chief  of  the  A.  E.  F. 
and  who  later  became  the  chief  of  the  American  Service  of  Supply, 
which  kept  the  lines  of  fighting  men  fed  with  munitions  and  rations  in 
the  great  campaigns  which  they  carried  on  in  the  summer  and  fall 
of  1918. 

Gen.  Harbord  was  born  in  Blooming  Grove  township  in  1866.  His 
parents  were  Mr.  and  Mrs.  George  Harbord,  well  known  McLean  County 
residents  a  half  century  ago.  The  family  later  moved  to  Saybrook, 
thence  to  Missouri  and  then  to  Kansas,  where  Gen.  Harbord  graduated 
from  the  Kansas  State  Agricultural  college  in  1886. 

During  his  life  in  McLean  County,  Gen.  Harbord  attended  the  Irving 
school  in  Bloomington.  The  largest  star  in  the  Irving  school  service  flag 
during  the  war  stood  for  Gen.  Harbord. 

Shortly  after  his  graduation  in  Kansas  young  Harbord  tried  for  a 
West  Point  appointment,  but  was  beaten  in  the  competitive  examina- 
tions by  Claude  B.  Sweezey,  later  a  lieutenant  colonel  in  the  U.  S.  army. 

Following  his  failure  to  secure  the  West  Point  appointment,  young 
Harbord  showed  the  kind  of  stuff  generals  are  made  of.  He  enlisted 
as  a  private  in  the  Fourth  Infantry  in  1889  and  in  a  few  months  passed 
through  the  non-commissioned  ranks. 

In  1891  he  appeared  before  an  army  board  for  examination  for  a 
commission  and  went  through  with  flying«colors,  receiving  a  commission 
as  second  lieutenant.  When  young  Sweezey,  who  won  the  West  Point 
appointment,  was  graduated  from  the  military  school  Harbord  had  been 
a  commissioned  officer  in  the  army  for  over  a  year. 

Gen.  Harbord  has  had  a  wonderful  military  career  and  spent  many 
years  in  the  Philippines  and  Cuba.  He  was  a  close  friend  of  Gen. 
Pershing.  On  January  21,  1899,  Gen.  Harbord  married  Emma  Oven- 
shine,  daughter  of  Brig.  Gen.  Samuel  Ovenshine.  Mrs.  Harbord  during 
the  world  war  lived  in  Boston.  Gen.  Harbord 's  mother,  Mrs.  George 
Harbord,  lived  in  Manhattan,  Kans.  An  aunt,  Mrs.  Ira  Orendorff,  and 
an  uncle,  Jacob  Gault,  live- at  Hey  worth. 

Just  before  the  German  forces  advancing  to  Paris  in  the  spring  of 
1918  encountered  the  American  army  at  the  Marne,  Gen.  Harbord  was 
detached  from  the  staff  of  Gen.  Pershing  and  placed  in  command  of 
the  brigade  of  Marines  of  the  First  Division  who  were  sent  to  Chateau 
Thierry  to  stop  the  German  drive.  All  history  knows  how  the  Americans 
stopped  the  Germans.  Of  Gen.  Harbord  at  this  stage  of  his  career,  a 
writer  in  a  New  York  paper  wrote  in  June  of  1918: 

"General  Harbord  is  a  typical  example  of  the  American  self-made 
soldier.  Born  in  Illinois,  he  graduated  from  the  Kansas  State  Agri- 
cultural College  in  1886  at  the  age  of  20  and  enlisted  in  the  army  as 
a  private  in  Company  A  of  the  4th  Infantry,  Jan.  10,  1889.  He  soon 
became  corporal,  sergeant,  and  quartermaster  sergeant  of  that  company. 
During  the  Spanish-American  war  he  was  appointed  second  lieutenant 
of  the  5th  Cavalry  and  later  served  with  the  10th,  llth,  and  1st  Cavalry 
regiments.  He  was  a  major  when  the  war  in  Europe  began.  He  was 
lieutenant  colonel  when  he  went  to  France  a  year  ago  as  General  Per- 
shing's  chief  of  staff  and  has  seen  fine  service  in  Cuba  and  the  Phil- 
ippines." 


178 McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 

Of  the  general  character  of  the  Marine  Corps  as  fighting  men,  the 
same  writer  wrote  at  the  same  time: 

"Our  boys  are  doing  exactly  what  we  knew  they  would  do,"  said 
an  enthusiastic  officer  at  the  New  York  headquarters  yesterday,  "and 
my  only  fear  is  that  they  will  get  too  enthusiastic  and  run  too  far 
forward.  That  bunch  of  ours  in  France  is  the  finest  lot  of  lads  that 
ever  crossed  the  Atlantic.  They  are,  every  one  of  them,  of  the  'one 
in  seven  type;'  that  is,  for  every  man  we  accepted  we  examined  seven. 
We  have  been  getting  reports  lately  from  the  fellows  in  the  trenches, 
and  we  knew  that  their  time  to  get  a  whack  at  the  Hun  was  coming, 
and  we  have  been  awaiting  for  the  news  that  they  were  in  it  for  a 
week  or  ten  days. 

' '  The  German  has  met  and  named  the  fighting  American  marine. 
In  the  past  the  foe  who  encountered  the  prowess  of  marines  received  a 
mingled  impression  of  wild  cats  and  human  cyclops  and  movements  as 
quick  as  lightning.  When  Fritz  was  introduced  to  him  he  uttered  one 
gutteral  gasp. 

"  'Teufel   Hunden.'  ' 

' '  From  now  on  the  soldiers  of  the  sea  apparently  have  lost  their 
old-time  name  of  'lethernecks'  and  are  to  be  known  as  'Devil  Dogs' 
or  'Devil  Hounds.'  Take  your  choice." 

Of  his  position  and  work  following  the  close  of  the  war,  a  cor- 
respondent writing  from  Tours,  France,  in  January,  1919,  said: 

"The  great  man  of  Tours  today  is  Maj.  Gen.  Harbord,  the  Amer- 
ican. He  is  kindly,  paternal  and  powerful  for  good.  He  represents  to 
these  poor  folks  the  healing  might  of  the  United  States  today,  just  as 
he  represented  our  offensive  force  when  he  commanded  first  the  marine 
brigades  and  then  the  entire  heroic  Second  Division  at  Bouresches, 
Belleau  Wood  and  Vaux. 

"Originally  he  was  Gen.  Pershing's  chief  of  staff.  Then  he  went 
into  the  thick  of  fighting — the  defense  of  Paris.  Now  Gen.  Harbord 
commands  the  S.  O.  S.,  vast  area  of  France  where  the  "American  victory 
was  manufactured,  where  we  have  flung  railroads  and  telephone-tele- 
graph lines,  built  veritable  cities  of  warehouses  and  factories.  It 
includes  the  ports.  Tours  has  been  its  capital — the  United  States  war 
department  in  France. 

."It  is  a  great,  rich  service  of  supplies,  which  means  coal,  flour, 
cars  and  locomotives,  American  railroad  operators  helping  out  French 
roads,  wages  for  poor  refugees,  trade  profits  of  a  hundred  towns,  the 
enrichment  of  ports,  the  hope  of  reconstruction,  the  improvement  of 
municipal  works  and  necessary  scattering  of  varied  benefits.  It  is  here, 
solid — the  substance  of  things  hoped  for,  the  evidence  of  things  unseen. 
Gen.  Harbord  is  a  great  man. 

"He  lives  in  a  chateau  across  the  Loire.  Other  generals  live  with 
him;  others,  yet,  come  visiting.  The  chateau  is  on  a  height,  with  glor- 
ious river  view.  When  Tours  natives  pass  it  of  a  Sunday,  going  to  the 
country,  they  say,  'There's  where  Harbord  lives! ' — -as  speaking  of  a 
shepherd  of  the  people." 

On  another  page  of  this  book  is  a  picture  of  Gen.  Harbord,  it  being 
a  sketch  of  him  made  in  Paris  by  the  great  artist,  John  T.  McCutcheon, 
many  years  cartoonist  of  the  Chicago  Tribune.  This  picture  is  repro- 
duced in  this  book  by  special  permission  of  Mr.  McCutcheon,  who 
writing  in  explanatory  comment  on  the  drawing  said: 

' '  The  three  big  figures  in  the  American  expeditionary  forces  in 
France  are  Gen.  Pershing,  Gen.  Harbord,  and  Gen.  Dawes.  Gen.  Per- 
shing  is  the  commander  in  chief  and  the  apex  of  all  the  army's 
European  activities.  Gen.  Harbord  is  the  commanding  general  of  the 
service  of  supply.  He  sees  that  the  army  is  transported,  fed,  supplied 


MCLEAN  COUNTY'S  GREATEST  SOLDIER  OF  THE  WORLD  WAR,  AS  SKETCHED 
PARIS  BY  JOHN  T.  McCuTOHEON,  FAMOUS  ARTIST  AND  WAR 
CORRESPONDENT  OF  THE  CHICAGO  TRIBUNE. 


180 


and  equipped.  Gen.  Dawes  is  the  general  purchasing  agent,  under  whose 
authority  every  dollar's  worth  of  material  that  we  buy  outside  of 
America  is  purchased.  He  does  no  buying  himself,  but  acts  as  a  general 
co-ordinator  of  all  the  buying  that  is  done  through  the  heads  of  the 
purchasing  departments  of  the  various  services. 

"These  three  men  are  the  giants  under  whom  our  army  abroad  has 
functioned,  and  it  is  fortunate  for  the  nation  and  the  army  that  the 
national  emergency  brought  them  irresistibly  to  the  top  in  their  three 
vital  fields  of  activity. 

"I  was  particularly  desirous  of  making  sketches  of  them  and  lucky 
in  securing  their  permission  to  pose  for  me.  I  was  less  lucky  in  the 
results  that  I  obtained,  as  the  friends  of  the  subjects  will  be  able  to 
testify  after  seeing  the  accompanying  drawings.  That  the  three  generals 
were  willing  to  sign  the  sketches  is  a  testimonial  of  their  natural  kindli- 
ness rather  than  a  testimonial  of  their  approval  and  satisfaction  with 
the  sketches. 

"Gen.  Harbord  was  the  first  victim.  In  the  Paris  headquarters 
which  he  occupies  when  not  at  his  general  headquarters  in  Tours,  he 
sat  patiently  during  the  time  that  I  tried  to  draw  him.  He  did  his 
part  perfectly.  The  most  exacting  portrait  artist  could  not  have  asked 
more  from  a  subject. 

"The  failure  to  catch  the  refinement,  and  force,  and  kindliness  of 
his  features  was  entirely  my  own  fault.  The  drawing  as  it  stands  is 
a  mere  approximation  of  him,  minus  the  soul  and  spirit  which  are  such 
marked  characteristics  of  the  man.  His  friends  may  well  have  reason 
to  be  disappointed  in  the  portrait  and  will  be  more  than  justified  in 
their  comment,  'Yes,  that's  Gen.  Harbord,  but — . '  " 

During  all  his  strenuous  labors  with  the  army  in  France,  Gen. 
Harbord  never  forgot  the  people  of  his  old  home  town,  and  especially 
those  of  his  old  school,  the  Irving.  Several  times  during  the  busiest 
periods  of  the  war,  Gen.  Harbord  wrote  letters  to  Bloomington  friends, 
and  Mrs.  Emma  Bryant,  representing  the  Parent-Teachers'  Association 
of  the  Irving  school,  at  one  time  received  a  handsome  picture  of  him 
which  was  later  framed  and  hung  in  the  assembly  room  at  the  school. 

The  Irving  school  was  also  the  receipient  of  ivy  and  poppy  seeds 
from  the  historic  fields  of  Europe  from  Gen.  Harbord,  who  wrote  the 
following  letter  to  Mrs.  Bryant  at  the  time  he  sent  them: 

Paris,  Oct.  31,  1919. 

I  am  enclosing  you  herewith  some  poppy  seed  which  should  produce 
the  scarlet  poppy  which  blooms  on  the  former  battlefields  of  France. 
I  am  leaving  for  America  tomorrow  and  am  bringing  with  me  a  box  of 
ivy  roots  from  Chateau  Thierry,  packed  in  moss,  which  I  shall  send  to 
you  by  express  on  arrival  in  New  York.  These  are  for  the  Irving 
school,  with  my  best  wishes.  Arriving  as  they  do  at  a  bad  time  of  year, 
I  presume  it  will  be  necessary  to  have  them  cared  for  until  spring  by 
a  florist  and  have  them  replanted  when  the  warm  weather  comes. 

Yours   sincerely,  J.   G.   HAEBOED. 

Some  months  after  the  actual  close  of  the  war,  and  while  the 
peace  commission  was  sitting  in  Paris,  Gen.  Harbord  was  sent  with 
other  American  officers  on  a  mission  to  the  countries  of  Central  Europe 
to  investigate  conditions  there.  His  report  on  his  findings  was  made 
to  the  government  at  Washington  on  his  return  to  this  country,  in  the 
late  fall  of  1919. 

A  memorable  event  in  the  history  of  Bloomington  was  the  visit 
of  Gen.  Harbord  to  this  city  on  his  return  to  this  country  in  the  winter 
of  1919-20.  He  was  in  Chicago  just  before  Christmas,  and  ran  down 
to  Bloomington  for  a  day,  accompanied  by  his  friend  Gen.  Dawes  and 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


181 


several  other  Chicago  friends.  Bloomington  planned  a  great  reception 
for  him.  He  was  first  taken  to  the  Irving  school,  where  a  reception 
and  dinner  luncheon  was  given  under  charge  of  the  Parent-Teachers' 
Association.  Then  in  charge  of  a  reception  committee,  Gen.  Harbord 
was  taken  to  the  court  house  and  the  general  public  greeted  him.  In 
the  evening  there  was  a  public  meeting  at  the  high  school  with  speeches 
by  Gen.  Harbord,  Gen.  Dawes  and  others.  Mayor  Jones  presided  and 
Gov.  Fifer  introduced  the  speakers  and  guests.  The  reception  was  in 
charge  of  committees  from  the  city  council,  the  Association  of  Com- 
merce and  the  Parent-Teachers'  of  Irving  school. 

That  Gen.  Harbord  was  pleased  was  shown  by  a  letter  received 
from  him  after  his  return  to  Chicago.  He  wrote  to  Mayor  Jones,  to 
Mrs.  Bryant  of  Irving  school,  and  President  E.  M.  Evans,  president  of  the 
Association  of  Commerce.  In  the  last  named  letter,  to  Mr.  Evans,  the 
general  wrote: 

"I  feel  that  I  am  very  much  indebted  to  you  for  your  invitation, 
as  well  as  to  all  of  the  Bloomington  people  by  whose  fine  hospitality 
we  were  entertained.  The  date  will  always  mark  an  epoch  for  me,  and 
I  feel  that  I  am  now  fully  re-established  as  a  Bloomingtonian." 

In  his  letter  to  the  school,  he  said: 

"I  can  not  undertake  to  say  to  you  how  much  I  appreciated  the 
hospitality  shown  me  in  my  native  city.  I  felt  that  it  was  a  par- 
ticularly graceful  thing  for  your  committee  to  plan  to  take  our  party 
first  of  all  to  Irving  school.  It  gave  me  the  greatest  pleasure  to  meet 
old  friends  on  that  spot  which  to  me  is  more  nearly  a  shrine  than  any 
other  portion  of  my  native  city." 

PICTURE  IN  COURT  HOUSE,  BLOOMINGTON,  DEC.  23,  1919 


Brig.  Gen.  Harbord    (left).    Mayor   E.   E.  Jones.    Claude   Miller.  Mayor  Foulk,  Normal   (right) 


Left  to  Right — C.  L.  McGraw,  Lawrence  L.  McGuire,  Prank  Mason,  Don  McElhaney, 
Chas.  F.  Memkey. 


182  McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


GROUP    OP    OFFICERS. 

r. J//K-C  left — Capt.    Abram    Perry. 
Upper  right — Lt.   W.   B.   Geneva. 

Ci'iili-r   (left  to  right)- — Lt.  Roy  Deal;     Lt.  Walter  Sutherland;     Lt.  Henry  Carrithers. 
Lower    (left  to   right) — Lt.   John   B.    Stevenson;     Lt.  Lathrop  Roberts ;    Capt.  T.  Burr 
Crigler;     Lt.   C.   H.   Burrows. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOKLD    WAE 


183 


GROUP   OF  OFFICERS 

Center  row,  top  to  bottom — Lt.  Alvin  W.  Viney;  center — Lt.  E.  C.  Hamill;  below — 
Lt.  Leslie  R.  Gray. 

Left  row,  top  to  bottom — Capt.  Harry  D.  Saddler,  Lt.  Lee  E.  Thompson,  Lt.  Russell 
Van.  Ness,  Lt.  Frank  Tobias,  Lt.  Ralph  C.  Morath. 

Right  row,  top  to  bottom — 'Lt.  Raymond  Baylor,  Lt.  Jas.  Munch,  Lt.  Bradford  Stew- 
art, Major  George  W.  Frost,  Lt.  George  S.  Ross. 


184 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


being    "Elements    of   Field 
Field  Artillery." 


BRIG.  GEN.  HARRY  BISHOP 

One  of  the  most  distinguished  soldiers 
who  claimed  his  home  in  McLean  county 
was  Brig.  Gen.  Harry  Gore  Bishop,  son  of 
L.  H.  Bishop  of  403  West  Vernon  avenue, 
Normal.  Gen.  Bishop  attained  a  high  rank 
in  the  world  war,  but  this  was  the  cul- 
mination of  a  life  time  of  service  as  a 
soldier  for  Uncle  Sam.  He  graduated  from 
West  Point  when  a  young  man,  and  served 
first  in  the  coast  artillery  branch  of  the 
service.  Then  he  went  to  the  Philippines, 
where  he  served  for  two  years  and  a  half. 
His  next  station  was  at  Fort  Totten,  New 
York,  and  the  following  two  years  was  in- 
structor in  artillery  at  the  army  school  at 
Fort  Leavenworth.  Several  years  later  he 
served  in  active  work  in  Texas  and  on  the 
Mexican  border.  When  raised  to  the  rank 
of  brigadier  general,  he  was  transferred 
to  the  command  of  the  159th  Field  artil- 
lery, composing  the  field  artillery  brigade 
of  the  84th  division.  Gen  Bishop  is  the 
author  of  two  books  on  army  matters,  one 
Artillery, ' '  and  the  other  ' '  Operation  of 


WALTER  HENRY   ALLEN,   MAJOR  ENGINEERS,   U.   S.  ARMY 

One  of  the  few  officers  of  McLean 
County  to  win  the  rank  of  Major  was 
Walter  Henry  Allen,  son  of  Mrs.  William 
H.  Allen  of  1112  East  Jefferson  Street, 
Bloomington.  He  was  among  the  first  to 
tender  his  services  and  upon  July  16,  1917, 
was  commissioned  Captain  of  Engineers 
and  ordered  to  Fort  Leavenworth  as  an  ex- 
pert in  engineering,  having  become  widely 
known  in  this  profession  by  reason  of  fif- 
teen years  service  in  the  construction  of 
water  works,  sewerage  systems  and  pave- 
ments in  Chicago  and  on  the  Pacific  Coast. 
He  was  later  assigned  to  the  5th  Engineers 
at  Corpus  Christi,  Texas,  then  being  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  Major,  was  assigned 
to  the  65th  Engineers  transferred  to  Chi- 
cago and  placed  in  charge  of  the  organiza- 
tion of  Tank  Units.  In  March,  1918,  he 
was  assigned  to  the  Engineer  Replacement 
Camp  at  Camp  A.  A.  Humphreys,  Va., 
served  on  the  staff,  organized  the  ordinance  supply  and  constructed  the 
rifle  range,  one  of  the  largest  in  the  country,  and  was  later  placed  in 
command  of  the  Fourth  Engineer  Training  Regiment.  September  1st, 
1918,  he  was  transferred  to  Fort  Benjamin  Harrison,  Indiana,  and  placed 
in  command  of  the  Depot  Brigade,  where  he  organized,  trained  and  sent 
overseas  500  railroad  men  per  day.  The  long  training  and  unusual  or- 
ganizing ability  of  Major  Allen  made  him  of  especial  value  to  the  gov- 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


185 


ernment  during  the  trying  period  of  the  war  and  no  one  from  Bloom- 
ington  made  a  finer  record  or  acquitted  himself  to  greater  satisfaction 
of  the  department.  The  services  of  Major  Allen  were  so  indispensable 
that  he  was  kept  on  duty  until  long  after  the  armistice  was  signed, 
finally  receiving  his  discharge  February  13,  1919,  and  resuming  his  pro- 
fession of  consulting  engineer  with  headquarters  in  Chicago. 


LIEUT.   MARK  ETHELL 

Before  the  war,  Mark  Ethell  was  a  con- 
tractor in  the  city  of  Bloomington  and  was 
pursuing  the  ordinary  career  of  a  builder  of 
houses  in  the  county  seat.  When  the  war 
ended,  he  was  Lieut.  Mark  Ethell  of  the 
Second  U.  S.  Engineers,  and  had  made  a 
record  with  his  command  in  the  fighting 
which  was  done  by  the  famous  Second  Divi- 
sion, of  which  the  Second  Engineers  was  a 
part.  Lieut.  Ethell  volunteered  early  in  1917, 
and  offered  his  services  on  the  formation  of 
the  regiment  of  engineers  which  afterward 
became  the  Second  Engineers.  After  a  short 
period  of  training  at  Fort  Leavenworth  and 
Camp  American  University,  the  regiment 
was  sent  to  France,  November  12,  1917, 
where  they  participated  in  many  of  the 
most  trying  situations.  At  his  own  request, 
he  was  transferred  to  the  2d  Engineers,  2d 
Division,  a  combat  command,  engaged  ac- 
tively at  the  front.  He  was  promoted  to  Begimental  Engineer  and  served 
in  that  capacity  until  the  regiment  arrived  at  the  Ehine.  He  participated 
in  four  major  offensives  and  many  minor  engagements,  escaping  injury 
except  a  few  light  shrapnel  wounds,  until  October  29,  1918,  and  then, 
while  making  preparations  for  the  final  drive  on  November  1,  he  received 
very  serious  injury  from  gas,  but  remained  at  his  post.  His  record  is 
best  recorded  in  the  words  of  his  commanding  officers,  Col.  W.  A.  Mitchell 
and  Maj  Hinckley,  the  latter  stating:  "It  has  been  my  good  fortune 
to  have  Lt.  Ethell  in  my  organization  and,  for  co-operation,  pep,  speed, 
resourcefulness,  hard  work — day  or  night — and  ability  to  get  results,  he 
is  one  among  ten  thousand.  Further,  his  ability  to  command  and  inspire 
troops  is  invaluable.  The  army  forever  needs  pioneers — men  who  can 
get  results  with  what  is  at  hand,  and  Lt.  Ethell  ranks  as  a  pioneer  of 
the  first  class.  He  should  now  be  a  captain  to  say  the  least."  Col. 
Mitchell  says  the  following:  "Lieut.  Ethell  has  been  under  my  command 
both  in  the  20th  and  the  2nd  Engineers.  He  has  always  been  loyal, 
energetic  and  especially  agreeable  in  every  way.  His  great  activity  and 
pleasant  personality  overcome  any  deficiency  he  may  have  had.  He  was 
on  my  list  to  go  home  for  promotion  but  the  war  ended  before  he  could 
be  ordered.  He  was  gassed  in  the  Argonne  but  foolishly  and  bravely 
cMd  not  report  it,  as  he  thought  he  should  continue  his  work.  As  a  re- 
sult, he  has  been  considerably  injured,  to  my  very  great  sorrow."  Be- 
cause of  his  injury,  he  was  invalided  home  ahead  of  his  division  after 
having  spent  two  months  on  the  Ehine  with  the  Army  of  Occupation. 
He  was  discharged  March  24,  1919,  at  Camp  Grant.  Lieut.  Ethell  brought 
home  with  him  from  Europe  one  of  the  most  remarkable  collections  of 
battle  field  trophies  and  pictures  of  the  scenes  near  the  front  that  was 
in  possession  of  any  man  who  went  to  the  war  from  McLean  county. 


186 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    Till-:    n'ORLV    WAR 


LIEUT.   BEN.   S.  RHODES 

On  September  5,    1917,  the  first  contingent  of  drafted  men  from  McLean  county 
set  out  from   Bloomington  at  5   o'clock  in  the  morning.      They  were  eight  in   number, 
and  one   of  them  was   Ben   S.   Rhodes,   who  prior  to   his   induction   into   the   service,' 
was  assistant  to  the  county  judge.      He  had  graduated  from  the  Wesleyan  law  school 
a  couple  of  years  previous.     Ben  Rhodes  and  his  seven  fellows  went  to  Camp  Dodge, 
near   DesMoines,    which    was   one   of   the   first    army    cantonments    which    the    govern- 
ment  had    completed  for   training   quarters    for   the   new    national   army.      Rhodes    re- 
mained at  Camp   Dodge  for  many  months  going  thru  the  usual  training  in  the  ele- 
mental part  of  the  soldier's  life.     He  displayed  energy 
and  efficiency  in  the  work  and  won  promotions  first 
to  the  non-commissioned  grades  of   corporal  on   Octo- 
ber   i;    1917   and   sergeant   November   20,    1917.      In 
the  summer  of  1918,  he  was  transferred  with  a  con- 
tingent of  other  men   to   Camp   Pike,    Arkansas,   and 
after   a   short  time   of   service   there   he  was   selected 
to  take  the  course  at  the  officers'  training   camp.     In 
due   time    he    received    his    commission    as    lieutenant, 
and  was  sent  to  Camp  Lee,  Virginia,  May  23,  1918. 
He   continued   at  that   camp   until   the   signing   of   the 
armistice,  being  engaged  as  instructor  for  many  con- 
tingents   of   men    who    were    constantly    passing    thru 
the  camp.      He  was   assigned  to   Co.  A,    Fourth  Bat- 
talion   and    was    promoted    to    First    Lieutenant    Sep- 
tember   26,    1918.      On    December    3Q,    1918,    a    few 
weeks  after  the  signing  of  the  armistice,  Lieut.  Rhodes 
secured  his  discharge  from  the  service,   and  returned 
to   the  walks  of  civil  life   in   Bloomington.     On  the 
death    of    Dwight    Frink,    clerk    of   the    city   election 
commission,  Rhodes  was  appointed  to  that  position, 
which  he  held  until  his  later  appointment  as  private 
secretary  for  Hon.   Frank  H.   Funk,   member  of   the 
Illinois    State    Utilities    commission.      Lieut.    Rhodes 
was  one  of  the  prime  movers  in  the  organization  of 
the  Bloomington  post   of   the   American   Legion,   and 

was   one  of  its  delegates   to  the  first  national  convention  of  the   Legion,   which   met 
at    Minneapolis    in    October,    1919. 


CAPT.  CHARLES  A.  McDERMAND,  D.  C. 

Of  the  Bloomington  dentists  who  re- 
sponded to  the  call  of  his  country  Dr. 
Charles  A.  McDermand  who  is  still  in  the 
service  had  the  distinction  of  giving  al- 
most three  years  of  strenuous  duty  in  the 
army.  He  was  tendered  a  commission  of 
First  Lieutenant  in  the  Dental  Corps  July 
26,  1917,  accepted  August  29  and  by  Sep- 
tember 12  was  on  duty  at  Camp  Pike,  Ark. 
He  was  first  assigned  as  Eegimental  Dental 
Surgeon  of  the  Medical  Department  of  the 
;U5th  Infantry,  87th  Division,  but  was 
later  transferred  to  the  43d  Infantry,  Reg- 
ular Army  and  finally  entered  various 
units  of  the  162d  depot  brigade.  He  was 
promoted  to  captain  February  16,  1918. 
On  June  1,  1919,  he  was  transferred  to 
the  Camp  Examining  Board  for  the  de- 
mobilization and  re-enlistment  period  and 
served  in  this  capacity  until  September  1, 
1919,  no  less  than  100,000  men  being  examined  by  himself  and  assist- 
ants. He  also  conducted  dental  clinics  in  the  camp  hospital.  Capt. 
McDermand  had  the  advantage  of  the  regular  army  dentists  by  his  years 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 187 

of  experience  in  civil  life  and  ability  to  take  care  of.  complicated  tech- 
nical work,  restorations,  plate  work,  etc.,  and  much  of  the  difficult  dental 
service  was  passed  to  him.  Connected  with  the  Uniform  Rank,  Knights 
of  Pythias  since  1898,  he  stepped  into  the  army  life  naturally  and  felt 
right  at  home  and  was  appointed  drill  master  for  the  dental  corps  of  tine 
camp.  Despite  the  great  responsibilities  and  the  exacting  duties  that 
were  passed  to  him,  lie  greatly  enjoyed  his  life  in  Camp  Pike  but  wHl 
welcome  a  return  to  civil  life  again,  promised  him  in  less  than  three 
years  since  his  first  response.  The  patriotic  duty  was  made  at  great 
personal  and  financial  sacrifice,  and  Capt.  McDcrmand  deserves  the  full- 
est credit  for  his  response  to  the  call  from  Uncle  Bam. 


MAJOR  ALBERT  N.  BUESCHER 

Major  Albert  N.  Buescher,  is  the  son 
of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Gustave  Buescher  of 
North  Lee  street  in  Bloomington,  and 
before  the  war  was  employed  at  the 
Paul  F.  Beich  Co.  He  received,  his 
military  training  at  Fort  Benjamin  Har- 
rison, where  he  was  commissioned  cap- 
tain. After  remaining  there  as  in- 
structor for  a  time,  he  was  sent  to 
France  with  the  331st  infantry,  where 
lie  attained  the  rank  of  major.  After 
the  armistice  he  secured  his  discharge 
and  returned  to  civjl  life  in  an  Ohio 
city.  The  experiences  of  army  life  in 
France  had  for  Major  Buescher  some- 
what of  a  different  appeal  from  that 
of  many  other  soldiers,  because  of  his 
education  permitting  him  to  appreciate 
his  surroundings  in  all  their  bearings 
aside  from  their  strictly  military  as- 
pects. 


ROSE  TO  MAJOR^ 

A  sergeant  in  the  regular  army  at  the 
outbreak  of  the  war,  having  served  seven 
years,  Frank  Leslie  Harrington  of  Bloom- 
ington, who  was  with  Pershing  on  the  Mexi- 
can border  and  also  in  the  Philippines,  was 
commissioned  lieutenant  and  appointed  ar- 
tillery instructor  at  Chattanooga,  Tenn; 
Fort  Niagara,  Camp  Meade,  Camp  Gordon, 
and  Camp  Lee.  He  was  later  promoted  to 
captain  and  finally  major,  believed  to  be 
the  only  Bloomington  boy  who  advanced 
from  the  ranks  to  such  a  high  rank.  He 
resigned  his  commission  after  peace  was 
declared. 


188 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WO  ELD    WAR 


LIEUT.  DUDLEY  C.   SMITH,  JE. 

One  of  the  first  to  enlist  at  the  declara- 
tion of  war,  Dudley  C.  Smith,  jr.,  of  Normal, 
entered  the  first  officers  training  camp  at 
Fort  Sheridan  May  15,  1917,  and  was  among 
the  first  commissioned,  received  the  rank  of 
Second  Lieutenant  August  15  that  year,  and 
being  assigned  to  duty  at  Camp  Ouster, 
Michigan,  and  with  the  160th  Depot  Brigade. 
Meritorious  service  won  him  promotion  to 
First  Lieutenant  August  24,  1918,  and  on 
September  1  of  that  year  he  was  assigned 
to  Company  E  of  the  10th  Infantry  located 
at  Camp  Custcr.  It  was  the  ambition  of 
this  command  to  be  ordered  overseas  and 
participate  in  the  great  conflict,  but  peace 
catne  too  soon  to  permit  this,  and  Lieut. 
Smith  shared  with  his  thousands  of  others, 
this  disappointment.  Lieut.  Smith  remained 
in  the  service  and  with  the  same  command 
until  his  discharge  at  Camp  Custer,  January 
29,  1919,  then  returning  to  his  home  in  Normal. 


LT.  VERNE  G.  STATEN 

Of  the  Bloomington  men  who  won  a 
commission  in  the  late  war,  Verne  G. 
Staten  was  among  those  fortunate  enough 
to  participate  in  some  of  the  great  battles 
and  thus  was  able  to  appreciate  the  gi- 
gantic extent  of  the  world  conflict.  He 
left  Bloomington  September  4,  1917,  with 
the  first  contingent  and  was  assigned  to 
Co.  E  of  the  349th  infantry  at  Camp 
Dodge,  la.  He  was  promoted  to  corporal 
October  1  and  entered  the  third  officers 
training  camp  there  January  6,  1918,  com- 
pleting the  work  April  19  and  being  pro- 
moted to  sergeant.  He  was  commissioned 
lieutenant  June  1,  1918,  and  assigned  to 
the  third  training  regiment  at  Camp  Pike, 
Arkansas,  June  10.  The  welcome  orders 
to  go  overseas  came  soon  after  and  he 
departed  August  15,  1918,  with  the  18th 
company,  Camp  Pike  Automatic  Eeplacement  Draft,  and  arrived  in  Camp 
Standon,  England,  one  month  later.  He  then  moved  to  France  and  was 
assigned  to  the  18th  Infantry,  1st  Division,  joining  that  command  Octo- 
ber 20,  and  in  time  to  participate  in  the  great  Meuse-Argonne  Offensive, 
one  of  the  most  important  engagements  of  the  war.  Peace  came  before 
Lieut  Staten  could  participate  in  further  battles.  He  was  privileged 
to  take  part  in  the  Luxemburg  parade  with  the  18th  infantry  and  re- 
mained with  the  Army  of  Occupation  in  Montabour,  Germany,  until 
December,  being  assigned  later  to  the  34th  Infantry,  Seventh  Division. 
When  Germany  finally  concluded  to  accept  the  peace  terms,  Lieut.  Staten 
was  ordered  home  with  his  command  arriving  June  18,  1919,  receiving 
his  discharge  June  28,  1919,  and  joining  the  firm  of  his  father  John 
Staten,  real  estate  and  loans,  with  offices  at  304-5  Livingston  Building, 
Bloomington. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


189 


CAPT.   FITCH   HARWOOD 

Of  the  many  men  from  McLean 
county  who  saw  service  as  officers 
in  the  American  army,  perhaps  none 
felt  the  call  earlier  than  did  Capt. 
Fitch  Harwood,  who  gained  a  com- 
mission in  the  infantry  and  spent 
most  of  his  time  after  receiving  his 
commission  as  an  officer  of  a  ma- 
chine gun  unit.  The  ink  was  hardly 
dry  on  the  official  declaration  of 
war  by  the  United  States  against 
Germany,  until  Capt.  Harwood  was 
getting  busy.  One  of  his  first  tasks 
was  drilling  students  of  the  Wes- 
leyan  university  in  their  elemental 
military  instruction  which  they  un- 
dertook in  the  early  spring  of  1917. 
Capt.  Harwood 's  summer  spent  at  a 
citizens'  camp  at  Plattsburg  had 
given  him  a  taste  and  capacity  in 
that  direction.  He  was  next  appointed  Bloomington  representative  for 
securing  candidates  for  examination  to  enter  the  government  training 
camp  for  officers  at  Fort  Sheridan,  which  was  broached  in  April,  1917. 
Eighty  men  applied  and  were  examined  under  Harwood 's  direction 
for  this  purpose,  and  fifty  of  these  were  accepted.  Mr.  Harwood  and 
others  of  the  first  selections  for  the  Fort  SheridaH  school  reported 
there  May  15,  and  during  his  training  period  he  was  first  sergeant 
of  his  training  company.  In  August  Harwood  was  commissioned  a  cap- 
tain of  infantry,  was  ordered  to  Camp  Grant,  and  placed  in  command 
of  the  machine  gun  company  of  the  343rd  Infantry,  a  part  of  the  86th 
Division  then  organizing.  Capt.  Harwood  was  kept  at  Camp  Grant  for 
practically  a  year,  being  engaged  all  that  time  in  the  hardest  kind  of 
work  drilling  and  instructing  the  successive  contingents  of  young  men 
who  were  being  transformed  from  ordinary  civilians  into  a  military  ma- 
chine with  which  to  break  the  power  of  the  enemy.  Almost  exactly  a 
year  after  he  entered  Camp  Grant,  Capt.  Harwood  set  out  with  the  other 
officers  and  men  of  the  86th  Division  for  Camp  Mills,  the  last  lap  of  the 
journey  preparatory  for  sailing  for  Europe.  This  division  was  aptly 
called  the  Wildcat  Division,  being  made  up  of  men  from  all  sections  of 
the  country  and  of  seventeen  different  nationalities;  many  of  them  came 
from  the  mountains  of  Virginia,  Tennessee  and  the  Carolinas.  The  divi- 
sion finally  set  sail  on  September  14,  1918,  and  landed  at  Southampton, 
England,  where  they  went  into  camp  for  two  weeks.  The  influenza  was 
widespread  in  this  camp,  and  many  men  died.  When  the  division  arrived 
at  Bordeaux,  France,  it  was  broken  up,  and  Capt.  Harwood  was  sent  to 
the  officers'  machine  gun  school  of  the  Second  Army  corps  at  Chattillon- 
sur-Seine.  There  he  remained  until  the  armistice,  after  which  he  was 
assigned  to  Company  B  of  the  316th  machine  gun  battalion  of  the  81st 
division.  A  few  weeks  later  he  was  transferred  to  the  165th  infantry, 
part  of  the  42d  division,  which  had  taken  part  in  much  of  the  hardest 
fighting  of  the  previous  six  months.  This  regiment  was  then  stationed 
at  Eemagen,  Germany.  He  never,  however,  actually  assumed  command, 
for  he  was  ordered  the  next  day  to  return  to  the  States.  He  next  found 
himself  at  St.  Aignan  with  a  contingent  of  casuals,  all  awaiting  shipping 
orders  for  home.  He  finally  sailed  from  Marseilles  on  the  Italian  ship 
Guiseppe  Verdi.  The  ship  stopped  six  days  at  Gibraltar  on  the  voyage 
home,  and  while  there  Capt.  Harwood  chartered  a  small  boat  and  took 


190 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


a  party  of  friends  over  to  Tangiers,  Morrocco.  Capt.  Harwood  was  in 
command  of  the  1,800  soldiers  making  the  return  trip  on  the  home-bound 
ship.  They  landed  at  ISTe-w  York  March  21,  1919,  and  two  days  later 
Capt.  Harwood  received  his  discharge  at  Camp  Dix.  He  had  been  in 
the  military  service  of  his  country  for  a  total  of  twenty-two  months. 


LT.  ALFRED  O.  BROWN 

Lieut.  Alfred  O.  Brown  of  Bloomington 
entered  Second  Fort  Sheridan  Training 
Camp  August  27,  1917;  commissioned  first 
lieutenant  (infantry  section)  Officers  Re- 
serve Corps,  November  27,  1917;  on  duty 
as  platoon  leader  and  company  commander 
with  Tenth  U.  S.  Infantry,  Fort  Benjamin 
Harrison,  December  1(5,  1917,  to  June  19, 
1918;  on  duty  as  company  .commander  of 
29th  Company,  Machine  Gun  Training  De- 
partment, Camp  Hancock,  Ga.,  June  21, 
1918,  to  August  10,  1918;  company  com- 
mander of  6th  Company,  Hancock,  August 
Replacement  Draft,  August  10,  1P1S,  to 
September  11,  1918;  Commanding  Hancock 
August  Replacement  Draft,  August  17,  1918, 
to  Sept.  11,  1918;  left  Camp  Hancock  for 
overseas  service  August  17,  1918;  left  Camp 
Merritt,  N.  J.,  August  22,  1918;  left  U.  S. 
on  board  S.  S.  "Zealandia"  August  23,  1918;  arrived  Liverpool,  Eng., 
September  5,  1918,  and  reached  Southampton,  Eng.,  same  date;  arrived 
Cherbourg,  France,  Sept.  8,  1918;  arrived  Selles-sur-Cher,  .France,  Sep- 
tember 11,  1918;  on  duty  with  16th  Infantry  as  platoon  leader  and  com- 
pany commander  August  14,  1918,  to  March  2,  1919,  drilling  replacements 
and  convoying  replacement  troops  to  the  front;  left  Brest,  France,  Feb- 
ruary 8  1919;  arrived  Hoboken.  N.  J.,  February  26,  1919;  honorably 
discharged  at  Camp  Dix,  N.  J.,  March  3,  1919.  Lieut.  Brown  was  an 
ideal  officer,  born  to  command,  and  made  good  in  the  fullest  acceptation 
of  the  term.  He  brought  credit  to  his  city  and  county. 


LIEUT.  HOWARD  SUTHERLAND 

Lieut.  Howard  Sutherland  was  a 
first  class  gunner  in  the  Coast  Artil- 
lery and  stationed  at  Fort  Barran- 
cas, Flu.,  where  he  was  given  very 
favorable  notice  by  all  of  the  offi- 
cers. He,  like  his  older  brother  was 
born  and  raised  in  Bloomington  and 
was  graduated  from  the  city  schools. 
Both  are  high  class  young  Ameri- 
cans, boys  that  Uncle  Sam  and  the 
entire  community  can  well  be  proud 
of.  Men  of  this  type  spelled  the 
end  of  autocracy. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


191 


LIEUT.   ROLAND  S.  READ 

A  record  for  persistency  and  patriotism, 
that  lias  no  parallel  in  the  history  of  Mc- 
Lean county  and  success  in  overcoming 
discouragements  that  would  have  over- 
whelmed a  less  redoubtable  spirit,  goes  to 
the  credit  of  Roland  S.  Read,  son  of  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  G.  Burt  Read  of  1203  East  Jef- 
ferson St.,  Bloomington.  Rejected  three 
times  for  volunteer  service,  and  then  called 
in  the  draft  and  again  rejected,  due  to 
defective  eyesight,  he  persevered,  joining 
the  American  Field  Service  for  transport 
duty  in  France,  buying  his  own  uniform 
and  paying  his  own  expenses  to  Europe. 
Sailing  on  Sept.  4,  1917,  on  the  French 
liner  Rochambeau  and  landing  at  Bor- 
deaux, he  reported  in  Paris  to  the  Ameri- 
can Field  Service  which  had  been  working 
under  the  French  government  but  during 
his  voyage  was  taken  over  By  United 
States.  He  was  again  rejected  because  of 
Ins  draft  exemption  papers,  but  demanded 
another  examination  with  the  same  result.  He  then  applied  to  the  French 
army,  was  accepted  and  assigned  to  hospital  service  at  Neuchateau.  His 
services  were  so  valuable  that  he  was  commissioned  First  Lieutenant  and 
sent  to  the  front  to  look  after  supplies,  being  stationed  at  Petite  Loges, 
just  out  of  Rheims,  during  the  groat  German  drive  in  March,  1918.  Or- 
dered to  leave,  when  the  Germans  began  shelling  the  town  with  gas 
shells,  Lt.  Read  was  a  victim  of  gas  and  was  so  seriously  affected  that 
he  was  discharged  at  Paris  headquarters.  Two  days  after  he  left  Rheims, 
the  Germans  were  in  possession  of  the  town.  While  waiting  for  his  pass- 
port to  return  home,  Lt.  Read  was  offered  a  First  Lieutenancy  in  the 
Serbian  Army  and  accepted  it,  welcoming  a  further  opportunity  for 
duty.  He  was  sent  to  Saloniki,  Greece,  by  the  Serbian  government  and 
was  on  duty  some  time  there.  Later  he  contracted  Saloniki  fever,  re- 
turned to  Paris  to  recuperate,  and  as  his  physical  condition  was  serious, 
he  returned  home  on  the  Leviathan  in  September,  1918.  Since  peace 
came,  he  has  been  engaged  as  farm  manager  near  Geneva,  Fla.,  a  marked 
contrast  to  his  thrilling  experiences  of  the  great  war  and  which  extended 
over  such  a  diversified  extent  of  territory.  This  young  man  has  a  record 
of  which  his  parents  may  well  feel  proud. 


LIEUT.    MATTHEW   LAWRENCE 

Who  was  connected  with  the  battery  of  artil- 
lery which  fired  the  first  shot  by  American 
troops  against  the  German  positions  in  1917. 
He  is  a  son  of  William  Lawrence  of  Hudson. 


192 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


BROTHERS  WHO  WON  COMMISSIONS 


Thomas   Hart  Kennedy 


Kayvvin   Kennedy 


Of  that  virile  type  of  young  America,  masterful,  unyielding,  un- 
flinching, which  made  up  the  armies  in  the  late  war,  Normal  was  proud 
to  contribute  two  conspicuous  examples,  Kaywin  and  Thomas  Hart  Ken- 
nedy, sons  of  Judge  Thomas  Kennedy  and  wife,  of  1201  Broadway.  They 
had  the  distinction  of  each  winning  a  commission  as  second  lieutenant, 
and  the  former  was  privileged  to  take  part  in  the  great  conflict  in 
France.  Lieut.  Kaywin  Kennedy  entered  the  Signal  Corps  officers  train- 
ing camp  at  College  Park,  Maryland  (sent  as  a  temporary  instructor) 
and  was  in  the  signal  corps  at  Camp  Sherman,  Ohio.  He  was  sent  to 
France  and  assigned  to  the  310th  Field  Signal  Battalion  Fourth  Army 
Corps  and  served  with  the  Third  Army  (Army  of  Occupation)  of  the 
American  Expeditionary  Forces  until  about  July  1st,  1919.  His  special 
field  of  duty  was  wireless  telephone  officer  and  he  saw  a  great  amount  of 
sanguinary  service  and  was  fortunate  in  participating  in  the  great  strug- 
gle when  it  was  at  its  height.  Lieut.  Kennedy  served  in  the  Army  of 
Occupation  after  the  armistice  was  signed  and  was  discharged  at  Camp 
Grant  in  August,  1919,  resuming  his  school  duties  in  Chicago. 

Lieut.  Thomas  Hart  Kennedy  selected  the  infantry  department, 
leaving  his  school  duties  at  the  Culver  Indiana  military  academy  and 
entered  the  officers  training  schools  at  Ft.  Sheridan  and  afterwards  at 
Camp  Grant.  He  was  assigned  to  the  second  company,  but  before  he 
could  realize  his  ambition  in  going  across  the  sea,  peace 'was  declared 
and  he  received  his  discharge  January  15th,  1919.  He  worked  on  the 
elevated  railroad  in  Chicago  until  August,  1919,  took  a  trip  east  to 
examine  transportation  systems,  and  in  September  reentered  Culver 
Academy.  Lieut.  Kennedy  was  honored  by  being  chosen  the  first  secre- 
tary of  W.  A.  Fleet  Post  113  of  the  American  Legion  at  this  institution. 


PREMATURELY   REPORTED   DEAD 

In  the  casualty  reports  one  day  in  the  fall  of  1918  appeared  the 
name  of  John  M.  Redd,  a  colored  soldier  from  Bloomington,  as  among 
the  killed  in  action.  When  the  members  of  the  famous  Company  K  of 
the  370th  Infantry  returned  home  in  the  winter  of  1918-19,  they  re- 
ported that  Redd,  one  of  the  comrades  of  their  company,  was  not  dead, 
but  that  they  had  left  him  severely  wounded  in  a  base  hospital  at 
Brest,  France. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


193 


CAPT.  RALPH  N.  McCOED 

An  army  career  in  the  war  cov- 
ering as  many  and  varied  fea- 
tures as  could  well  be  imagined 
was  that  of  Capt.  Kalph  N.  Mc- 
Cord  of  Bloomington,  better 
known  as  "Jack. "  Commissioned 
a  captain  of  infantry  at  Fort 
Sheridan  in  November,  1917,  he 
was  sent  to  France  in  January, 
1918,  and  first  acted  as  tactical 
instructor  in  a  school  for  line  offi- 
cers at  Chattillon-sur-Seine,  for 
several  months.  Through  this 
school  passed  in  those  months 
from  1,200  to  1,500  leading  offi- 
cers of  the  A.  E.  F.  This  gave 
Capt.  McCord  an  opportunity  for 
very  wide  acquaintance.  Al- 
though he  had  no  chance  to  par- 
ticipate in  the  actual  fighting,  he 
was  sent  as  an  observer  in  June, 
1918,  to  the  operations  by  Ameri- 
san  forces  at  Chateau  Thierry, 
and  in  August  to  the  St.  Mihiel 

sector.  In  both  cases  he  saw  some  of  the  most  important  actions  of  the 
war.  His  last  trip  to  the  front  was  in  the  opening  days  of  November, 
1918,  in  the  Argonne  forests.  On  this  trip  he  was  attached  as  an  officer 
to  the  115th  infantry,  of  the  89th  division.  After  the  armistice,  Capt. 
McCord  was  made  an  athletic  officer,  his  training  as  school  and  college 
coach  having  fitted  him  for  this  work.  He  had  control  of  the  athletic 
contests  of  the  Ninth  Corps  of  the  Second  Army,  comprising  over  200,000 
men.  Elimination  contests  in  all  branches  of  athletics  were  held  at 
.Toul  in  March,  1919,  and  then  came  the  championship  contests  at  Paris 
in  April.  These  contests  selected  the  chief  athletes  of  the  whole  A.  E.  F. 
Capt.  McCord  afterward  managed  a  great  basket-ball  tournament  of 
army  men  in  Paris.  When  the  forces  of  the  U.  S.  had  been  reduced  to 
small  numbers,  Capt.  McCord  secured  his  homeward  passage  and  was 
discharged  from  the  service  in  June,  1919.  He  resumed  business  in 
Bloomington. 

LIEUT.  STRODE  P.  HENDERSON 

One  of  the  first  to  enlist  when  war  was 
declared,  Strode  P.  Henderson,  jr.,  son  of 
Supt.  S.  P.  Henderson  of  the  Chicago  and 
Alton  with  headquarters  in  Bloomington, 
brought  credit  to  his  country,  McLean 
County  and  himself,  by  service  of  a  very 
high  order.  He  was  first  assigned  to  the 
Central  Department  of  the  army  in  Chi- 
cago in  June,  1917,  and  was  transferred 
in  September  of  that  year  to  Camp  Grant 
and  promoted  to  Corporal.  His  faithful 
and  efficient  performance  of  duty  won  him 
promotion  to  sergeant  the  same  month  and 
in  May,  1918,  he  was  ordered  to  the  Offi- 
cers Training  Camp,  known  as  Camp 
Joseph  E.  Johnson.  He  soon  attracted  at- 
tention and  was  promptly  commissioned, 
receiving  the  rank  of  Second  Lieutenant 
on  October  7,  his  promotion  being  the  re- 
sult of  hard  work  and  study.  Lieut. 


194 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WO  ELD    WAE 


Henderson  was  immediately  assigned  to-  transport  service,  making  four 
trips  to  Europe  and  return  while  the  war  was  in  progress.  Lieut.  Hender- 
son was  retained  in  the  quartermasters  department  of  the  army  until 
long  after  peace  was  declared,  not  receiving  his  discharge  until  March 
15,  1919.  He  then  resumed  his  position  with  the  New  York  branch  of 
the  National  Cash  Eegister  Company  and  was  on  the  threshold  of  what 
promised  to  be  a  brilliant  career  in  commercial  circles  when  pneumonia 
caused  his  death  after  a  brief  illness,  the  untimely  summons  bringing 
grief  to  his  family,  and  unnumbered  friends.  Both  as  a  soldier  and  a 
business  man,  he  won  advancement  through  merit,  tireless  energy,  and 
integrity.  It  was  men  of  his  type  who  made  possible  the  victory  of  the 
Allies  and  of  the  transcendency  of  the  nation  he  loved. 

LIEUT.  HENRY  H.  CARRITHERS 


Lieutenant  Henry  H.  Carrithers,  who  was  a  cadet  at  the  U.  S.  mili- 
tary school  of  aeronautics,  at  the  Georgia  School  of  Technology,  Atlanta, 
Ga.,  received  his  commission  as  second  lieutenant  in  the  aviation  section 
of  the  signal  corps,  and  assigned  for  duty  at  Kelly  field,  San  Antonio, 
Tex.  His  home  is  in  Hudson. 


ON  STRANDED   SHIP 

Charles  Pancake,  former  engineer  on  the  Alton  road,  was  with  2,400 
other  wounded  men  who  came  home  on  the  ship  Northern  Pacific,  which 
was  stranded  off  Fire  Island,  just  outside  New  York  harbor  on  January 
1,  1919.  The  ship  went  on  the  rocks,  and  while  it  was  not  damaged, 
she  was  unable  to  back  off  on  her  own  power,  and  there  she  stuck  for 
two  days  and  nights,  while  other  ships,  working  at  great  peril  in  heavy 
seas,  took  off  all  the  wounded  men  and  landed  them  safely.  The  wounded 
men  were  gotten  in  some  way  into  small  boats,  which  carried  them  a 
mile  to  destroyers,  where  they  again  climbed  or  were  pulled  aboard, 
and  the  warships  took  them  to  land. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOEJT)  JVAE 


195 


OFFICERS  GROUP 


Right  Center — Ralph    R.   Lnar;    left  center — Knsign  John  M.  Kumler. 
Below  center — Lt.  Joseph   Depew,  left;   Lt.  David  B.  Lutz,   right. 
Bottom — Ensign    Royal   Burtis,    Lt.    Edwin   Burtis. 


196 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


LT.  J.  T.  ELLIOTT  AND  LT.  GERALD   THOMAS 

To  enlist  as  privates  during  the 
first  month  of  our  entry  in  the  war 
with  Germany,  to  go  through  most 
of  the  battles  in  which  American 
troops  participated,  to  be  commis- 
sioned at  the  front,  to  be  members 
of  the  Army  of  Occupation  in  Ger- 
many after  the  Armistice,  to  come 
back  home  as  first  lieutenants, — and 
till  without  being  wounded, — such  is 
the  exceptional  good  fortune  of 
"Jim"  Elliott  and  "Fat"  Thomas. 
Surely,  these  two  young  men  are  de- 
serving of  particular  credit  for  their 
service  and  of  congratulation  for 
their  fortunate  escape  from  injury 
in  so  many  cases  where  the  odds 
were  heavily  against  them. 

In  April,  1917,  Elliott  and  Thomas 
consulted  several  ex-service  men  and 
after  carefully  weighing  the  oppor- 
tunities presented  by  the  three 
branches  of  national  service,  chose 
the  Marine  Corps,  enlisting  in  that 
organization  as  privates.  That  their 
judgment  was  sound  is  shown  by 
their  subsequent  record.  They  were 
sent  to  Paris  Island,  S.  C.,  for  pre- 
liminary training  and  were  later 
transferred  to  the  Marine  Brigade 
Training  Camp  at  Quantico,  Va.  By 
this  time  they  were  non-commis- 
sioned officers  and,  as  such,  went  to 
France  as  members  of  the  Fifth 
Lt.  -las.  Elliott  Eegiment  of  Marines.  For  a  few 

months  they  took  part  in  the  special  duties  to  which  marines  were  as- 
signed at  that  time,  as  the  need  for  trained  men  was  great  while  the 
American  Expeditionary  Forces  in  France  were  being  organized. 

On  October  26,  1917,  the  Fifth  Eegiment  of 
Marines  became  a  part  of  the  Second  Divi- 
sion which  was  organized  in  France  from 
troops  sent  over  separately,  and  training  in 
division  tactics  began  at  once.  Elliott  and 
Thomas  served  in  the  Verdun  and  Toul  sec- 
tors March  15  to  24,  1918;  Chateau-Thierry 
sector  May  31  to  July  9,  with  almost  con- 
tinuous heavy  fighting,  including  the  famous 
Belleau  Wood  operation.  After  parading  in 
Paris  on  Bastille  Day,  Elliott  and  Thomas 
took  part  in  the  Marne  offensive  July  18  to 
20  and  in  the  Marbache  sector  August  9  to 
24.  In  one  of  the  engagements,  so  many  of 
his  superiors  were  killed  or  wounded  that 
James  Elliott  was  senior  member  of  the  com- 
pany to  which  he  belonged.  For  meritorious 
service  he  was  commissioned  a  second  lieuten- 
ant. During  this  period  Gerald  Thomas,  be- 
cause of  superior  ability,  was  sent  to  an 

Lt.  Gerald  Thomas 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AXD    THE    WOPLD    WAR 


197 


officer's  training  camp  in  France  and  was  commissioned  a  second  lieuten- 
ant in  the  Marine  Corps.  After  the  St.  Mihiel  offensive,  service  in  Cham- 
pagne and  the  advance  to  Sedan,  Lieutenants  Elliott  and  Thomas  became 
members  of  the  Army  of  Occupation  in  the  Marine  Brigade  of  the  Sec- 
ond Division.  Both  returned  to  the  United  States  with  the  Second 
Division  after  that  organization  was  relieved  from  duty  in  Germany. 
James  Elliott  went  back  into  civilian  life  where  he  has  since  become 
prominent  in  athletics.  Gerald  Thomas  retained  his  commission  in  the 
Marine  Corps  and,  during  the  latter  part  of  1919  was  again  sent  on 
foreign  service,  this  time  to  Hayti. 

YOUNGEST  OF  HIS  RANK 

Bellflower  had  the  distinction  of  fur- 
nishing the  youngest  army  officer  of  his 
rank  in  the  famous  Thirty-Third  Divi- 
sion if  not  in  the  whole  A.  E.  F.  He 
was  Lieut.  Col.  O.  J.  Troster,  son  of 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  F.  E.  Troster,  well  known 
residents  of  Bellflower.  He  is  a  gradu- 
ate of  the  University  of  Illinois,  and 
prior  to  America  entering  the  war  he 
had  his  first  military  experiences  with 
the  National  Guard  regiments  on  the 
Mexican  border.  He  went  to  France 
with  the  Thirty-third,  and  rose  rapidly 
by  promotion  from  one  grade  to  an- 
other. During  the  war,  the  newspapers 
published  several  interesting  letters 
from  Troster,  then  a  major.  One  of 
the  most  interesting  was  that  written 
on  the  day  when  the  armistice  was 
signed,  when  he  wrote: 

"No  cheering!  The  order  might  as  well  have  said.  Shoot  yourself. 
How  could  normal,  healthy  Americans  keep  from  voicing  their  joy  in 
shouting?  A  colored  labor  battalion  near  by  took  it  up,  and  the  old 
hills  certainly  did  ring.  But  the  artillery  continued  firing  until  the 
hour  of  11  o'clock,  the  time  set  when  the  Dutchmen  arranged  to  stop. 
Then  everything  got  quiet,  and  tonight  there  is  not  a  sound." 

After  his  return  from  the  war  Mr.  Troster  went  into  business  in 
New  York  City. 

LIEUT.  BYRON  E.  SHIRLEY 

Lieut.  Byron  E.  Shirley  graduated  from 
the  Wesleyan  law  school  in  1916,  entered 
the  first  officers'  training  camp  at  Fort 
Sheridan,  remained  for  the  second,  when 
he  received  a  lieutenant's  commission  and 
was  assigned  to  the  Fourteenth  cavalry, 
U.  S.  regular  army.  After  serving  in 
Texas,  he  was  sent  to  France  as  an  in- 
structor in  cavalry.  He  remained  to  the 
close  of  the  war,  and  was  on  duty  in  many 
different  army  camps  in  France.  After  re- 
turning to  the  U.  S.  Lieut.  Shirley  re- 
tained his  commission  for  some  time  and 
went  back  to  a  post  in  Texas.  In  the 
winter  of  1919  he  received  his  discharge. 


198  McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 

MAJOR  WILLAED  B.  SOPEE 

Immediately  upon  the  dec- 
laration of  war  by  the 
United  States,  Dr.  Willard 
Burr  Soper,  son  of  Mrs.  C. 
P.  Soper  of  Bloomingtcn,  en- 
listed in  the  medical  corps 
and  on  May  4,  1917,  commis- 
sioned captain.  He  had  the 
distinction  of  sailing  May 
14,  1917,  on  the  first  boat 
leaving  New  York  for  France 
which  carried  American  sol- 
diers, and  who  represented 
the  initial  contribution  of 
the  United  States  to  the 
great  armies  of  the  Allies, 
massed  on  the  western  front. 
Capt.  Soper  was  at  first  con- 
nected as  medical  officer 
attached  to  the  U.  S.  Base 
Hospital  No.  2  whic.h  was 
recruited  from  the  Presby- 
terian hospital,  New  York, 
Columbia  University  and 
New  York  City.  Upon  ar- 
rival in  France,  this  hospital 
unit  took  over  No.  1  General 
Hospital,  B.  E.  F.  at  Etretat, 
Seine  Inferieure.  From  this 
time  on  the  unit  was  known 

as  No.  1,  (Presbyterian  U.  A.  A.)  General  Hospital  B.  E.  F.,  continuing 
as  such  until  the  end  of  the  war.  On  July  1,  1918,  Dr.  Soper  was  placed 
in  command  of  this  hospital  and  continued  so  until  demobilization  Feb- 
ruary 18,  1919,  at  Camp  Mcade,  Maryland.  The  great  Casino  at  Etretat 
was  commandeered  and  converted  into  a  hospital  and  1,000  beds  installed 
for  the  soldier  patients  under  charge  of  Dr.  Soper.  The  emergency 
capacity  was  1200  beds.  Dr.  Soper  was  promoted  to  major  in  August, 
1918.  The  work  assigned  to  him  was  both  surgical  and  medical.  Eoughly, 
23,000  cases  passed  through  during  the  18  months.  Although  the  whole 
personnel  of  the  staff  was  American,  the  hospital  was  British  and  almost 
all  patients  were  from  the  British  forces.  This  unit  was  one  of  six 
loaned  to  the  B.  E.  F.  on  America's  entrance  into  the  war.  All  were 
retained  until  the  Armistice.  Helen  Crocker  Soper,  wife  of  Major  Wil- 
lard B.  Soper,  went  to  France  in  June,  1917,  for  service  with  the  Ameri- 
can Ambulance  Corps  at  Paris  but  it  developed  that  her  services  would 
be  of  more  value  at  Etretat  where  there  was  a  colony  of  250  orphans  of 
the  Association  Nationale  des  Orphelins  dc  la  Guerre.  In  July,  that  year, 
she  took  charge  with  Mrs.  Peabody  of  the  Infirmary  of  the  colony  and 
of  the  general  health  of  tho  children.  From  June,  1918,  Mrs.  Soper  was 
assisted  in  this  work  by  Miss  Laura  McNulta,  formerly  of  Bloomington. 
Their  work  terminated  January  1,  1919.  At  Christmas,  1918,  the  prefect 
of  the  Department  of  the  Seine  Infirieure,  presented  Mrs.  Soper  with 
the  medal  of  Eecoinnaissance  of  the  department,  in  recognition  of  her 
invaluable  services.  The  self  sacrifice  and  tireless  devotion  to  his  line 
of  duty,  won  for  Major  Soper  the  gratitude  of  the  patients  in  his  charge 
and  he  was  at  all  times  alert  to  their  needs  and  watchful  of  their  com- 
fort and  care.  Dr.  Soper  elected  to  specialize  in  his  chosen  profession, 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 199 

as  bacteriologist,  and  for  several  years  prior  to  the  war,  was  instructor 
for  physicians  at  the  Trudeaux  School  of  Tubercular  Diseases,  located 
at  Saranac  Lake,  New  York.  Upon  his  return  from  France  with  the 
conclusion  of  hostilities,  he  was  induced  by  the  managers  of  the  Rocke- 
feller Foundation  to  devote  three  or  four  years  to  experiments  in  the 
treatment  of  tuberculosis  and  with  headquarters  in  Paris,  France.  Dr. 
Soper  accepted  this  commission  and  his  selection  was  a  notable  tribute 
to  his  ability  and  the  fame  that  he  has  already  commanded  in  this 
important  field  of  work.  It  is  believed  that  he  will  rank  with  the  fore- 
most authorities  of  our  time,  in  the  study  and  treatment  of  tuberculosis, 
and,  as  a  result  of  his  study  and  experimentation,  the  terrors  of  the 
"Great  White  Plague"  will  doubtless  be  largely  alleviated. 

CAPT.   HORACE  A.  SOPER 

Of  the  young  business  men  of  Bloomington  who  responded  to  the 
call  to  service,  Horace  A.  Soper,  vice  president  of  the  American  Foundry 
and  Furnace  Company,  located  at  915  East  Washington  Street,  was 


fortunate  in  being  sent  abroad.  He  won  a  commission  as  first  lieu- 
tenant on  October  11,  1917  and,  due  to  his  business  training  and  admin- 
istrative experience,  he  was  first  assigned  to  duty  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
and  placed  in  charge  of  the  purchasing  department  for  steel  helmets, 
fire  control,  instruments,  etc.  The  war' department  records  indicate  that, 
great  as  was  the  shortage  in  some  classes  of  equipment  for  the  army, 
there  never  was  reported  a  single  instance  where  a  combat  division 
of  United  States  troops  was  without  steel  helmets,  this  efficiency  con- 
tributed to  the  credit  of  Capt.  Soper.  Making  good  in  this  field,  he  was 
commissioned  captain  in  June,  1918,  and  given  greater  responsibilities 
abroad.  He  was  sent  to  France  and  placed  in  charge  of  the  purchases 
of  iron  and  steel  and  various  classes  of  machinery  necessary  for  the 
projection  of  the  war.  Capt.  Soper  made  his  headquarters  at  Tours 
while  in  France  thus  enabling  him  to  participate  in  the  tremendous 
activity  necessary  in  carrying  on  the  war  and  also  getting  an  insight 
.of  the  superhuman  modus  operand!  that  no  writer  has  yet  been  able 
to  adequately  describe.  Capt.  Soper  remained  in  the  service  until  the 
close  of  the  great  conflict  and  was  honorably  discharged  January  4,  1919, 
returning  to  Bloomington  to  resume  his  post  with  the  A.  F.  &  F.  Co. 


200 M cLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

FOUGHT  ELEVEN  MONTHS  WITH  THE  BIG  GUNS 

Ivan  Elliot,  Wesleyan  university  ath- 
lete and  graduate  from  the  law  school, 
left  the  employ  of  the  Daily  Pantagraph 
in  May,  1917,  and  entered  the  first 
school  for  officers  at  Fort  Sheridan. 
After  a  few  months  of  preliminary 
training,  he  was  sent  to  Fort  Monroe, 
Va.,  having  been  one  of  a  selected 
group  of  embryo  officers  for  special  ser- 
vice in  the  heavy  ordnance  department. 
Completing  his  special  training  at  Fort 
Monroe,  he  set  out  for  overseas  service 
on  September  12,  1917.  Landing  at 
Liverpool,  he  soon  went  to  Havre, 
France,  thence  to  a  school  for  heavy 
artillery  located  in  Central  France.  He 
was  next  assigned  to  the  second  batta- 
lion of  the  52d  artillery  of  the  U.  S. 
regular  army.  With  that  unit  he  served 
Capt.  Ivan  Elliot,  during  the  rest  of  his  career  in  France. 

This  unit  handled  railway  guns  known  as  the  French  32  's,  which  were 
of  about  13  inch  calibre,  being"  among  the  heaviest  guns  used  by  the 
American  forces  in  France.  Each  gun  weighed  about  150  tons  and  was 
manned  by  thirty-six  men.  The  range  of  the  guns  was  about  ten  miles. 
Each  battery  consisted  of  two  guns  with  their  crews,  and  two  batteries 
composed  a  battalion.  The  personnel  of  the  battalion  consisted  of  250 
men,  allowing  a  certain  reserve  for  replacements  for  casualties  in  action. 
About  the  first  of  January,  1918,  the  battery  with  which  Elliott  was 
connected  was  assigned  to  an  active  fighting  sector  of  the  western  front. 
From  that  time  until  relieved  and  ordered  to  America,  he  was  in  almost 
continuous  active  service.  The  battery  was  used  most  of  the  time  for 
miscellaneous  firing,  making  a  target  of  any  point  in  the  enemy  lines 
where  known  concentration  of  troops  or  transport  was  taking  place.  His 
battery  was  an  important  factor  in  the  advance  of  the  First  Army  under 
Gen.  Pershing  in  the  St.  Mihiel  sector  in  September,  1918.  Afterward, 
the  battery  was  in  support  of  the  infantry  advance  thru  the  Argonne 
forests.  Capt.  Elliott  called  this  fighting  the  most  terrific  of  any  in 
which  he  participated  during  the  war.  Thru  miles  of  dense  woods  and 
underbrush,  interlaced  with  barbed  wire  and  infested  with  Germans,  the 
army  advanced.  The  batteries  prepared  the  way  for  infantry  by  shell- 
ing the  enemy  lines  and  roads  prior  to  the  advance.  Meantime,  the  heavy 
artillery  was  itself  the  object  of  heavy  counter  bombardment  by  the 
enemy  guns,  and  the  battalion  suffered  many  casualties.  At  Mount  Fan- 
chon,  this  battery  was  ordered  to  open  and  to  cease  firing  at  least  ten 
different  times,  this  being  the  hardest  objective  to  take  of  any  sought 
by  this  unit.  The  battery  lost  two  guns  during  its  service  with  the  52d, 
one  bursting  with  its  own  discharge,  the  other  being  hit  by  a  shell.  Capt. 
Elliott  was  slightly  gassed  twice,  but  was  never  hit.  He  spent  a  short 
time  in  a  hospital  with  the  influenza.  Elliott 's  promotion  from  a  lieu- 
tenancy to  a  captaincy  of  artillery  was  dated  September  21,  in  the  midst 
of  the  Argonne  battle.  Capt.  Elliott  returned  to  America  in  December, 
1918,  and  was  soon  afterward  discharged  from  the  service,  and  took  up 
the  practice  of  law  at  Carmi  and  Mt.  Carmel,  Illinois. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOKLV    WAR 


201 


FOUR  WATKINS  BROTHERS 

Four  brothers  of  whom  their  parents  have  reason  to  feel  proud  and 
in  the  fullest  acceptance  of  that  term,  are  the  sons  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Charles  Watkins  of  810  East  Chestnut  street,  Bloomington.  Two  of 
these  won  commissions,  one  attained  the  rank  of  Battalion  Sergeant- 


Upper  left — Harold  W.  Watkins;  upper  right — Paul  Watkins. 
Lower  left — Ferre  Watkins;  lower  right — Warren  C.  Watkins. 

Major  while   a   fourth  had  been   chosen   for   competition   in   an  officers 
training  camp  when  the  war  ended.     Ferre  C.  Watkins  enlisted  May  17, 

1917,  at  Fort  Sheridan  and  entered   the  first  Eeserve  Officers  Training 
Camp.     Hard  and  faithful  work,  won  him  a  commission  August  15  and 
he  was  first  assigned  to  the  341st  Infantry  and  on  October  8  to  the  356th 
Infantry.      Training   at   Cambridge,   Mass.,   Camp   Grant   and   Fort   Sill, 
Okla.,  he  was  ordered  overseas,  and  was  soon  in  the  thick  of  the  great 
conflict.     He   participated   in  the   Argonne-Meuse   offensive,   October   18 
to  November  11  and  with  his  headquarters  at  St.  Andre  de  Cubzac,  later 
joining  the  Army  of  Occupation  in  Germany.     He  made  a  notable  record 
for  bravery  and  was  a  participant  in  some  of  the  greatest  battles  of  the 
war.     Lt.  Watkins  was  kept  in  the  service  until  long  after  peace  was 
declared,  being  released  June  23,  1919,  and  resuming  his  school  duties 
in  Chicago. 

Warren  Cash  Watkins  enlisted  August  20,  1917,  entered  the  officers 
training  camp  at  Camp  Dodge  and  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut  June  1, 

1918.  He  was  variously  on  duty  later  at  Camp  Gordon,  Ga.,  Camp  Pike, 
Ark.,   Camp   Taylor,   Ky.,   and    Camp   Knox,   Ky.,    his   final   duty   being 
with  the  27th  Co.,  4th  Eegt.  Dept.  Brigade,  being  discharged  December 
3,  1918,  resuming  his  school  duties. 

Paul  E.  Watkins  enlisted  October  14,  1918,  in  the  S.  A.  T.  C.  at  Ur- 
bana  and  was  honored  by  selection  for  the  Officers  Training  Camp  when 
the  armistice  was  signed,  being  discharged  December  21,  1918. 

Harold  E.  Watkins  enlisted  September  23,  1918,  was  assigned  to  the 
medical  reserve  and  later  the  National  Army  and  stationed  at  Philadel- 
phia. Meritorious  duty  won  him  promotion  to  First  Sergeant  and  then 
Battalion  Sergeant  Major,  receiving  his  discharge  December  18,  1918, 
then  resuming  his  schools  duties. 


202 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


Edward  Bynum 

Chas.  E.  Brown 
Edward   Bynum 
Lincoln  Bynum 
Enix  Nathan 
Herbert  Henderson 
Leonard  Holmes 
Norman  Keys 
Donald  Luster 
James  Martin 


OUR  COLORED  HEROES 

The  370th  made  a  glorious  rec- 
ord in  France  where  they  met  some 
of  the  Kaiser's  best  troops  and  put 
them  to  flight  each  time,  thereby 
wining  for  themselves  the  name  of 
' '  Black  Devils. ' '  Although  several 
of  the  stalwart  men  belonging  to 
the  Bloomington  company  fell  on 
the  battlefield,  the  large  majority 
of  them  survived  the  terrible  hard- 
ships to  which  they  were  subjected, 
and  rejoiced  with  their  relatives 
and  friends  at  being  at  home  once 
more.  The  members  of  Company 
K  370th  infantry  formerly  were 
known  as  the  Eight  Illinois  com- 
posed chiefly  of  men  from  Bloom- 
ington, but  when  the  war  broke 
out  the  company  was  recruited  to 
full  strength  with  the  addition  of 
men  from  Pontiac,  Clinton  and 
other  nearby  places.  The  members 
follow: 

Lt.  Willis  Stearles 

Lt.  F.   K.   Johnson 

First  Sgt.  James  L.  Page 

Sgt.  G.  W.  Stewart 

Sgt.  Eoy  J.  Stevenson 

Sgt.  Chas.  Thomas 

Corp.  Jacob  Ward 

Leonard  Marshall 

Fred  Samuels 

Alonzo  Walton 

Joshua  Ward 

Bruce  Anderson 

Ernest  Anderson 

Oliver  Bacon 

Alonzo  Barnes 

Sylvester  Beard 

Joseph  Boswell 

Fate  Palm 

Westly  Meauhead 

Hollway  McMath 

R.  C.  Oliphant 

J.  T.  Patterson 

Maceo  Shavers 

Homer  Skinner 

Andrew  Stovall 

William  Williams 

Robert  C.  Wilson 

Howard  Brent 


History  of  Company 


In  July,  1917,  in  response  to  President  Wilson's  call,  the  company 
left  Bloomington  for  Peoria.  They  remained  there  about  ten  weeks,  leav- 
ing Peoria  for  Camp  Logan,  Houston,  Texas,  on  October  12.  In  March, 
1918,  they  left  Camp  Logan  for  Newport  News,  Va.,  and  arrived  in 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD 


203 


France  April  22.  On  April  29th  they  were  placed  with  a  French  divi- 
sion and  trained  with  them  until  June  23  when  they  went  into  the 
trenches  near  Regonville  where  they  remained  for  a  week.  From  there 
they  were  taken  to  Vraincourt  and  went  into  the  trenches  again  for  ten 
days  being  quartered  during  that  time  with  one  of  the  best  French 
divisions. 

On  August  16,  1918,  the  local  boys  left  for  Verdun  front  and  on 
September  14  went  into  the  front  line  trenches.  Between  that  time  and 
the  day  they  were  subjected  to  heavy  shell  fire  and  gas  attacks.  On 
September  30,  the  third  battalion  engaged  in  another  hard  fought  battle 
and  on  October  12  they  started  in  full  pursuit  of  the  fleeing  enemy,  and 
arrived  in  the  trenches  at  midnight,  October  18,  ready  to  advance  again 
the  next  morning. 

On  October  28th  they  left  for  Honoyn,  and  on  November  9th  were 
again  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy,  and  were  in  the  final  battle  on  the  day 
the  armistice  was  signed. 

They  arrived  at  Brest,  France, 
January  10,  1919  and  landed  in 
New  York  on  February  9. 

Cited  for  Bravery 

For  bravery  in  battle  and  for 
their  work  in  trench  and  camp 
the  370th  Infantry  were  highly 
praised  by  General  Mittlhouser, 
commander  of  the  36th  division 
of  the  French  army. 

There  are  several  among  the  lo- 
cal boys  who  wear  decorations 
for  distinguished  service.  Among 
these  are  Alonzo  Walton,  of  Nor- 
mal, who  was  cited  for  bravery 
in  carrying  food  to  his  company 
during  a  German  barrage. 

Donald  Luster  and  Harry  L. 
Pierson  received  their  distin- 
guished service  medal  for  going 
into  "No  Man's"  land  in  day- 
light and  carry  out  their  wounded 
comrades.  At  one  time  two  of 
the  wounded  died  on  their  shoul- 
ders while  being  carried  out. 

Those  Left  in  France 
Only  one  of  the  local  company 
sleeps  in  France,  although  sev- 
eral remained  several  months  in 
the  hospitals  recovering  from 
wounds.  Gus  Williams,  killed  in 


First  Sgt.  James 


action,,  is  the  only  one  who  was  called  to  give  up  his  life.  John  Redd, 
who  was  reported  by  the  war  department  as  killed  in  action  was  found 
in  a  hospital  at  St.  Agnan.  He  was  seriously  wounded  September  30, 
five  machine  gun  bullets  entering  his  body.  Later,  however,  he  died 
from  his  wounds. 

Among  the  wounded  were  Corporal  Len  Wilson,  wounded  in  the  leg 
by  a  piece  of  shrapnel  on  September  30;  Private  Paul  Turlington, 
wounded  by  shrapnel  on  October  4;  Earl  Lewis,  ill  in  the  hospital; 
Sergeant  Solomon  Williams,  ill  at  the  hospital  in  Brest;  and  Joe  Fort, 
evacuated  to  a  casual  company  September  5  at  Brest. 


204  McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WO  ELD    W A  R 

BLOOMIN3TON  CITY  LIBRARY  IN  WAR   TIMES 

At  the  entrance  of  the  United  States  into  the  war,  the  Withers 
Public  Library  of  Bloomington,  under  the  leadership  of  its  librarian, 
enlisted  for  war  service,  devoting  all  of  its  resources,  without  reserve 
to  such  activities  as  were  within  its  scope. 

When  the  first  call  came  for  reading  matter  for  the  camps,  two 
thousand  magazines  were  collected  and  shipped  at  the  library's  expense. 

Later,  one  thousand  magazines  were  sent  on  the  Burleson  plan, 
postage  paid  by  the  Library. 

On  the  first  call  made  by  the  American  Library  Association  for 
money  to  purchase  books,  the  sum  of  twelve  hundred  dollars  was  raised, 
and  at  the  call  for  books  3,500  were  collected,  furnished  with  pockets 
and  cards  and  sent  to  distributing  points. 

One  hundred  scrap  books  were  made  for  Christmas  packets  for  the 
soldiers  and  one  hundred  more  blank  scrap  books  furnished  to  be  filled 
by  the  public.  Two  hundred  fifty  collections  of  stories  were  put  into 
attractive  bindings  for  hospital  use. 

Every  facility  was  offered  for  the  advancement  of  the  food  and  fuel 
conservation  movement.  A  room  was  furnished  for  a  speakers'  training 
class,  conducted  by  Professor  C.  M.  Sanford  of  the  State  Normal 
University.  Bulletins  headed  "Food  will  win  the  war"  were  posted 
daily. 

Thousands  of  pamphlets  on  food  and  fuel  conservation  and  on  public 
health  were  distributed  and  display  space  was  furnished  for  posters 
in  all  Red  Cross  and  Liberty  Loan  drives  and  all  other  war  activities. 

In  the  lightless  and  heatless  period  ordered  by  the  United  States 
Fuel  Commission,  the  library  was  closed  on  Sunday  afternoons  and  all 
day  Tuesdays  and  opened  only  from  12  P.  M.  until  6  P.  M.  on  other 
days  of  the  week. 

During  the  registration  of  women,  by  the  McLean  County  Council 
of  National  Defense,  ten  thousand  cards  were  clipped,  alphabeted  and 
filed  for  future  reference. 

From  the  file  help  was  furnished  as  called  for;  especially  during 
the  influenza  epidemic,  when  the  registration  of  nurses  and  nurses'  aids 
proved  to  be  invaluable. 

During  1918  the  library  was  an  agency  for  the  sale  of  Thrift  and 
War  Savings  Stamps  with  sales  amounting  to  several  thousand  dollars. 
These  sales  were  continued  for  many  months  after  the  war. 

A  contest  between  the  various  schools  of  the  city  was  conducted, 
resulting  in  much  interest  and  large  sales.  The  sale  was  also  encouraged 
by  a  thrift  stamp  play  given  by  the  children  and  staged  in  the  Children 's 
Room. 

Three  rooms  were  vacated  and  given  for  the  use  of  the  Red  Cross 
Civilian  Relief,  and  Home  Service  Bureau  and  secretary's  office.  The 
Red  Cross  Civilian  Relief  was  housed  at  the  Public  Library  from  Novem- 
ber 1,  1817,  to  January  1,  1919;  also  the  secretary's  office  and  Junior 
Red  Cross  headquarters,  which  are  still  here. 

This  necessitated  the  fitting  up  of  new  rooms  in  the  basement  for 
library  needs  at  considerable  expense,  and  re-locating  the  Children's 
Room  in  the  Russell  Art  Room  for  the  time  being. 

The  library  acted  in  the  enrollment  of  boys  for  the  Boys'  Working 
Reserve. 

Accommodations  were  furnished  for  the  study  classes  in  connection 
with  the  Home  Service  Department  of  the  Red  Cross  for  the  regular 
meetings  of  the  Red  Cross  Health  Committee 

A  most  important  service  was  rendered  during  the  serious  epidemic 
of  Spanish  influenza  in  the  fall  and  winter  of  1918-1919,  when  office  room 
was  furnished  the  Red  Cross  Influenza  Committee  and  the  Emergency 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


205 


Motor  Corps.  These  rooms  were  open  day  and  night,  during  the  critical 
time.  Here  supplies  were  received  and  sent  to  sufferers  in  hospitals  and 
private  homes,  nurses  were  secured  and  placed  and  every  effort  made 
to  abate  the  plague. 

The  Victory  Loan  also  found  headquarters  at  the  library. 

Constant  publicity  work  was  carried  on  along  all  lines.  Bulletins 
calling  attention  to  books  and  articles  of  interest  were  furnished  the 
daily  papers;  clippings  of  historic  value  were  mounted  for  permanent 
use;  large  collections  of  war  books  and  pamphlets  were  made;  Govern- 
ment and  state  official  documents  were  secured  and  placed  where  easily 
accessible  by  the  public. 

In  fact,  the  Withers  Public  Library  became  a  sort  of  clearing  house 
for  both  active  effort  and  for  imparting  useful  information  in  all  lines 
of  war  work. 

The  staff  of  the  library  during  the  war  period  consisted  of  the 
following  persons:  Miss  Nellie  E.  Parham,  librarian  in  charge;  Miss 
Nelle  F.  Webb  and  Mrs.  C.  F.  Kimball,  reference  department;  Miss  Alma 
Lange,  Miss  Sarah  Stowell,  Miss  Havenhill,  Miss  Mabel  Whittington, 
Miss  Lucy  Williams,  and  Miss  Helen  Niehaus.  Miss  Niehaus  was  later 
for  a  short  period  in  the  government  employ  at  Washington  during  the 
latter  part  of  the  war.  Miss  Miriam  Wallace  had  charge  of  the  chil- 
dren's department,  assisted  by  Miss  Charlotte  Stevenson.  Ray  Powell, 
a  Wesleyan  student,  worked  in  the  library  for  a  time,  but  resigned  to 
enter  the  army. 


Upper  row   (left  to  right) — Walter  E.  Rapp,  Powell  E.   Reynolds     Harry  C.  Reuger. 
Center — Harold   Russell;    left  of  center — Bert  L.  Riseling,   Paul  C.   Robinson,   Albert 
Rousey;    right  of  center — Glenn  A.  Rieldick,  Michael  J.  Reidy,  John  F.  Quinn. 
Lower   row — Joseph   E.   Radley,    Clayton  W.  Rulon,    Chas.   A.   Reum. 


206 


COUNTY  TOOD  ADMINISTRATION  IN  THE  WAR 

Only  a  few  weeks  after  America's  entry  into  the  war,  the  Bloom- 
ington  Association  of  Commerce  was  asked  by  Harry  A.  Wheeler,  Fed- 
eral Food  Administrator  for  Illinois,  to  appoint  an  Administrator  who 
should  select  a  committee  'of  four  to  co-operate  with  him  in  representing 
our  Government  in  handling  all  questions  that  might  arise  on  this 
subject. 

R.  C.  Baldwin,  president  of  the  Association  of  Commerce,  went  to 
Howard  Humphreys  along  in  September  of  1917,  stating  that  as  he  was 
looked  upon  as  the  Dean  of  the  -grocery  business  in  this  section,  he  felt 
that  Mr.  Humphreys  should  accept  this  appointment,  which  he  immedi- 
ately did,  wiring  Mr.  Wheeler  that  he  would  give  it  the  best  attention 
possible  and  be  very  careful  in  the  selection  of  the  Conference  Com- 
mittee. It  seemed  most  natural  at  first  that  the  different  food  interests 
should  be  represented  on  the  committee,  and  Mr.  Humphreys  was  about 
to  make  such  appointments  when  a  later  thought  convinced  him  that 
the  personnel  of  such  Committee  might  better  be  of  men  not  interested 
in  the  food  game,  for  he  felt  certain  that  the  committee  could  have 
equal  co-operation  and  assistance  from  all  the  food  men  though  not  on 
a  committee.  Accordingly  he  made  the  following  appointments  of  men 
who,  though  very  busy  in  their  affairs,  accepted  them  and  pledged  their 
support  and  co-operation: 

President  David  Felmley,   of  Normal  University. 

John  .T.  Morrissey,  Attorney. 

D.  O.   Thompson,   County  Farm  Advisor. 

Mrs.  J.  M.  Patterson,  President  of  the  Woman's  Union  Label  League. 

It  was  necessary  to  act  quickly  and  get  this  organization  thruout 
the  state  working  as  soon  as  possible,  and  the  various  food  committees 
were  given  very  little  instruction  as  to  what  they  should,  or  should  not 
do,  and  Mr.  Humphreys  did  not  know  for  some  time  whether  he  was  rep- 
resenting Bloomington,  the  county  or  a  section  about  Bloomington. 
However,  he  commenced  to  work  at  once,  and  immediately  informed 
headquarters  in  Chicago  w-hat  the  committee  were  doing,  and  asked  for 
their  criticisms  and  suggestions.  In  reply  he  received  their  congratula- 
tions and  was  told  to  go  right  along  in  the  same  course. 

The  groccrymen  of  the  county  were  at  first  very  much  agitated  and 
felt  that  their  business  was  going  to  be  curtailed  and  their  margins  of 
profit  so  limited  that  it  would  be  impossible  for  them  to  pay  the  ex- 
penses of  their  business,  and  while  there  was  the  universal  expression 
of  the  utmost  loyalty  from  all  the  grocerymen,  yet  there  were  many 
who  seriously  felt  that  it  would  be  impossible  to  operate  their  business, 
under  conditions  which  they  thought  would  be  imposed,  without  loss. 
The  fact  that  the  retail  grocers  and  meat  dealers  of  Bloomington  were 
organized  in  a  local  association  made  it  very  much  easier  for  the  Food 
Administrator  to  get  their  quicker  and  more  active  cooperation. 

When  the  grocerymen  were  asked  to  publish  a  price  list  of  the  staple 
food  commodities,  showing  what  the  retail  grocer  bought  and  sold  these 
staples  for,  there  was  quite  a  strenuous  objection  made  by  many  deal- 
ers. They  asserted  that  their  margins  of  profit  were  reasonable,  and 
that  the  matter  of  profiteering  in  prices  was  merely  a  question  of  agita- 
tion and  irresponsible  rumor,  and  had  little  or  no  foundation  in  fact 
in  this  community,  even  if  it  had  in  others. 

When  these  men  were  finally  convinced  of  the  necessity  of  pub- 
lishing their  selling  prices,  a  second  objection  arose  as  to  publishing 
their  costs,  insisting  that  it  was  unnecessarily  making  public  a  part 
of  their  affairs  that  was  usually  a  confidential  feature  of  a  man's  busi- 
ness. However,  when  they  saw  that  it  was  the  publication  of  such 
costs  and  selling  prices  which  assured  the  public  of  the  small  margins 
that  these  commodities  were  retailed  at,  and  that  such  publication  would 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAJR 207 

beget  confidence  and  dispel  the  trouble  and  agitation  that  came  to  the 
minds  of  many  on  account  of  the  higher  prices  of  foods,  the  thought 
that  they  were  profiteering  in  war  times,  taking  advantage  of  conditions 
in  unreasonable  profits  from  the  consumer,  would  be  dispelled. 

It  was  along  in  December,  the  first  price  lists  were  published,  De- 
cember of  1917,  Bloomington  being  one  of  the  first  towns  of  the  state 
in  this  locality  to  publish  such  prices,  and  a  committee  was  formed  by 
the  retail  dealers  who  met  once  or  twice  a  week,  and  having  collected 
data  as  to  the  costs  of  the  staple  commodities,  a  fair  price  list  was  thus 
made  and  published  for  a  time  daily  in  both  the  morning  and  evening 
newspapers  of  the  city.  It  would  have  been  illegal  under  the  Sherman 
Anti-Trust  Law  for  merchants  to  meet,  discuss  and  arrange  prices  in 
this  way  save  for  the  fact  that  the  Federal  Trade  Commission  had  given 
a  ruling  to  the  United  States,  that  such  action  might  be  taken  provided 
a  regularly  authorized  Food  Administrator  was  present  at  such  meeting 
when  prices  were  discussed,  and  what  were  considered  to  be  fair  prices 
named.  Mr.  Humphreys  was  working  along  without  knowing  the  field 
that  he  was  expected  to  cover,  and  yet  it  was  a  fact  that  there  were 
quite  a  number  of  other  Food  Administrators  appointed  in  other  towns 
in  McLean  county  at  the  same  time  that  he  was  appointed.  Presuming 
that  they  would  all  work  together,  Mr.  Humphreys  invited  such  ap- 
pointees to  a  meeting  in  Bloomington  so  that  they  might  co-operate  in 
their  activities.  Soon  after  this  he  was  asked  to  be  County  Food  Ad- 
ministrator, and  as  such  it  was  necessary  to  be  sworn  in  officially. 

A  few  weeks  later,  Mr.  Humphreys  was  asked  to  become  a  member 
of  the  State  District  Board,  taking  charge  of  the  district  of  seven  or 
eight  counties,  which  district  was  changed  as  changes  were  made  in  the 
District  Board,  so  that  finally  his  district  included  thirteen  counties: 
McLean,  Cass,  DeWitt,  Ford,  Fulton,  Knox,  Livingston,  Mason,  Menard, 
Peoria,  Stark,  Tazewell  and  Woodford. 

Each  of  these  counties  was  represented  by  a  County  Food  Admin- 
istrator, and  under  them,  each  of  the  towns  in  the  counties,  was  rep- 
resented by  a  local  food  administrator.  Mr.  J.  J.  Thomassen  was  ap- 
pointed county  food  administrator  for  McLean  county  and  Charles 
O'Malley,  local  Food  Administrator  for  Bloomington. 

A  county  food  administration  was  completed  in  February,  1918, 
under  the  direction  of  Mr.  Thomassen,  by  the  appointment  of  tne  fol- 
lowing township  food  administrators,  each  of  whom  was  supposed  to 
deal  with  the  food  problems  of  his  own  immediate  neighborhood,  in 
co-operation  with  the  county  administrator:  Allin — W.  H.  Springer, 
Stanford;  Anchor — Jacob  Martens.  Anchor;  Arrowsmith — George  E. 
Lester,  Arrowsmith;  Bellflower — C.  F.  Gooch,  Bellflower;  Bloomington — - 
Charles  O'Malley;  Blue  Mound — A.  T.  Walton,  Cooksville;  Cheney's 
Grove — William  Rowe,  Saybrook;  Chenoa — A.  D.  Jordan,  Chenoa;  Crop- 
sey — H.  L.  Barnes,  Cropsey;  Dale — A.  L.  Nicol,  Covell;  Danvers — L.  C. 
Voss,  Danvers;  Downs — G.  H.  Meiner,  Downs;  Dawson — A.  L.  Builta, 
Ellsworth;  Dry  Grove — L.  C.  Voss,  Danvers;  Empire — A.  Jay  Keenan, 
Leroy;  Funk's  Grove — C.  M.  Bowen,  Bloomington;  Gridley — C.  F. 
Hoobler,  Gridley;  Hudson — R.  A.  Ensign,  Hudson;  Lawndale — H.  L. 
Barnes.  Coif  ax;  Lexington — A.  H.  Scrogin,  Lexington;  Martin — H.  L. 
Barnes,  Coif  ax;  Money  Creek — A.  H.  Scrogin,  Lexington;  Mt.  Hope — 
Frank  W.  Aldrich,  McLean;  Normal — W.  J.  Arbogast,  Normal;  Old 
Town— F.  W.  Boston,  Holder;  Randolph— J.  P.  Shelton,  Hey  worth;  To- 
wanda — Oren  Clark,  Towanda;  West — C.  F.  Gooch,  Bellflower;  AVhite 
Oak — L.  H.  Brown,  Carlock;  Yatcs — A.  D.  Jordan,  Chenoa. 

At  this  same  time,  the  organization  in  Bloomington  consisted  of 
Charles  O'Malley,  city  food  administrator;  J.  J.  Thomassen,  county  ad- 
ministrator; Victor  Robinson,  Oscar  Mandel,  Henry  Munch,  Campbell 
Holton,  W.  H.  Cummings,  Mrs.  J.  M.  Patterson,  Charles  Utesch,  and 


208  McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


Hal  M.  Stone  Howard  Humphreys  J.  J.  Thomassen 

A.  H.  Hoopes.  After  a  few  weeks  of  very  active  service,  Mr.  Thomassen 
was  obliged  to  resign  the  position,  and  Mr.  Hal  M.  Stone  accepted  the 
appointment  of  County  Food  Administrator.  Mr.  O'Malley  gave  him 
very  valuable  assistance  in  handling  one  of  the  most  important  features 
at  that  time,  the  question  of  sugar  distribution,  and  regulations  of  the 
quantity  to  be  sold.  In  this  respect,  Mr.  O'Malley  was  acting  as  County 
Food  Administrator  and  was  sworn  in  as  such. 

These  arrangements  continued  until  December,  1918,  when  prac- 
tically all  restrictions  were  withdrawn  and  the  activities  of  the  Food 
Administration  ceased. 

One  of  the  most  important  features  of  this  work  were  the  efforts 
of  the  administration  to  limit  and  secure  a  fair  distribution  of  sugar. 
Bloomington  was  one  of  the  first  towns  in  the  west  to  limit  the  supply 
of  sugar  sold  to  the  consumer;  and  when  it  was  seen  that  a  possible 
sugar  famine  was  approaching,  without  consultation  or  advice,  it  seemed 
best  to  ask  all  retailers  immediately  to  limit  all  sales  to  five  pounds  of 
sugar.  These  instructions  were  very  promptly  complied  with,  and  at 
times  later  the  sales  were  limited  to  two  pounds.  Our  county  was  very 
fortunate  in  suffering  less  from  the  sugar  famine  than  many  others,  and 
while  there  was  some  difficulty  in  the  fall  of  1918  in  controlling  the 
amount  of  sugar  to  be  used  for  canning  and  preserving  purposes,  yet 
there  was  but  little,  if  any,  hardship  experienced  in  a  lack  of  supply 
of  this  great  food  necessity. 

Careful  investigations  were  made  by  the  Food  Administrators  of 
the  real  needs  of  those  purchasers  of  sugar  for  canning  and  preserving, 
it  being  the  intention  of  the  Government  that  sugar  should  be  provided 
for  such  use,  and  tickets  or  orders  were  issued  to  dealers  by  the  Food 
Administrators,  on  which  they  could  sell  sugar  for  such  purposes.  This 
feature  of  the  work  ran  up  to  such  importance  that  it  was  necessary 
to  have  an  uptown  office  building  with  several  attendants  to  issue  these 
canning  sugar  tickets.  Guy  Strickle  gave  the  Food  Administrator,  Mr. 
O  'Malley,  very  valuable  assistance  in  this  work  locally  in  Bloomington. 

In  the  summer'  of  1918  it  became  necessary  for  every  groceryman 
to  keep  a  sugar  card  for  each  customer.  On  this  was  entered  the  name 
of  and  address  of  the  customer  and  the  time  and  amount  of  each  sugar 
purchased.  These  cards  were  handled  through  a  clearing  house,  and 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


209 


Daily  Food  Price  Bulletin 

Prepared  by  the   U.  S.  Food   Administration,  Bloomington,   III. 


Prices  being  paid  by  the  retailer  for  the  staples  named  and  prices 
vhlch  should  not  exceed  as  follows: 

DECREASE    USE   OF 

Retailer  Pay*.  Consumer  Psy» 

SUGAR-Per   twt,    T.87%@ ...    a     08 

SUGAR— 2-lb.  Carton  Fine  Granulated $8.37%@ to     .09% 

ST/4-lb    Carton   Fine  Granulated J8.37%@ @    .09% 

.'.]]>.   Cotton  Bag  Fine  Granulated $8.37%@ ...  'i      (>9>- 

10-iK   Cotton  Bag  Fine   Granulated 8.27%® 0    09% 

FLOUR — Sold  only  pound  for  pound 

with  cereal  substitutes. 

Standard  grades  14-bbls.,  49-lb.  cotton  sacks         9  to    t&  t  OK  JtMAftK 
Standard   grade,  %-bbl.,  24%-lb.  cotton  sacks 

PURE   RYE    FLOUR-Bulk,    per   pound cilia     07             -n        i        j 

Better    (trade,    .:i»"«'"w"'  .07    f    .08             Each     day 

BACON— Best  grades  (whole  pieces)"!!!!!        if  @'"46%  «5  @  "slw      during  the  war, 

Medium  grades   (whole  pieces) .3T    @    .38*  40    &    .46            fl  „     npwqnnnprq 

Squares    .. ,,          ©      SO  33     &      35             tile     UeWSpdpcro 

HAMS— Best  grades    (whole) _            .SO     @     .'Sl%  32     «f     ]36              T.nlVIJoliorl     n 

LARD— Standard    Pure    (bulk) .27%®    .28%  31%®    .34             pUDllSneOl    a 

MILK—  rlnilv    fnnri 

Tall  cans    (Evaporated,   Unsweetened) .112-3    ®... .14    ffl    .15            UaUjr     1 

Small  cans   (Evaporated;  Unsweetened)....              .05    @ .07    @    .08            nrifP    bulletin    1 

RECOMMENDED  SUBSTITUTES 

BREAD-I.  ounce  loaf o6%@ .OB®. 10       preparedby 

WHEATLESS   CRACKERS    .18    ® .21    ®    .22             +  ne     United 

BARLEY  FLOUR-Per  pound 06%© .07%®    .08 

CORN   FLOUR-Per  pound    8.90    &  6.20  .07%®    .08              StatCS     Food 

Per  pound,  in  bulk,  yellow 5.50    @  5.70  .06%®. 07% 

COOKING  OILS—  Administration 

Cotton  seed  oil  products,  pints.  In  cans...           .32    ® .38    @    .40                                  ,   •    i 

Corn  oil  products,  pints  (In  cans) 30     & .35    @    .38             and     Which 

Corn  oil  products  quarts  (la  eans) 56    @ .65    a    .7«                              ,      ,      ., 

OLEOMARGARINE—  protected     thC 

Fancy   grades    (1-lb.    prints) 81    9. .34    ©    .36             T^KHn     -Pi-rim 

Medium  grades   (1-lb;  prints) 28    @ .31    @    .S3            pUDllC     IrOm 

BE^-^r^buT^r  1£.^!::::         St.%^  »  I  .»        profiteering,  the 

PEE- .1^b"1.k;..p".lb.::::.v.-.!:;.v.v.:::.v:.      :l?%I".n-  "%l :«     P«ces  being 

CHEESE—  fixed    and 

Best  quality,  cut  full  milk .S3%@    .25  »    ©    .55                                             . 

irick?  whole  full  cream 22    ®  ^25%  SO    ®    .35            dealers     being 

pRUN^s-^sinfrcTara,' 's6-«V '«>" tni"p\jund       .iV"@"  .13%""  16  @  .n        warned  not  to 

Ssnta  Clara    60-70  to  the  pound....                       .11%®    .12%  15    @    .IB                              ,       , 

I'nta  claS:  70-so  to  the  pound.:.::::.::     .10%®  ."%  14  &  .is      exceed  them. 

RAISINS— Fancy.  1-lb.,  seeded _           -,1}*®.- }*    @    -JJ            TllP    rpPOTtl- 

Fancy     1-lb      seedless v            -13    W 16    &    .18 

I^VcTni^erVrca'n5/..^.?"!          \%*%""".  ll    S    !»             mended    Sub- 

^^"cansTerr^^n;:::::::::    ?:«  I:::::::  n  I  :£      stitues  for 

SALMON-l-lb.    Net    of   Fish.                         ^"J01^  .'m*  «" «"•„               articles     like 

Red  Alaska,   1-lb.   tall  cans 2.80     @  2.93  .28     @     .33 

Pink,   1-lb.   tall  cans 195    @  2.10  .20    ®    .2?             SUgar,     that 

USE  PLENTIFULLY  OF  we°re    gcarce 

%™i^"^™™:-::-:::::.      $£:::::"  :^l  :J^%     were  also   ' 

XfiSZtt^^."     ...:%®i«-  ,:?2.f-M"      given 

S-tpoundVaper  sack, ...»    .B  ....„.»    .25 

80^^o;-mt,::"v::::r:::::v;::    ...:ta.l".«-  ,..:^.^--4V 

^^Tn^but^.'^rV^V.V.V.V.V.V.:       w"«i»-  j«.-i".«ii:i 

Hom^BGl?uQU.al:t^b"^.per.r.nd:::::-.     «.M8@-«:oi  'TA 

FISH— Prices  retailtr,  tuys  only  quoted.    Prices  consumer  payi  left  blank. 

Fresh     Halibut .-. 20     @     .21  •. @ 

frozen   Salt  Water  Herring.... .09    @     .10  ..£/ 

Frozen  Lake  White  Fish .17    @    .19  @ 

Fresh   Winter   Caught   Pickerel .18    ®    .20  @ 

Fresk  Caucht  Trout 31    @    .25  » 

Fresh  Caucht  Catfish   (skinned) 23    @     .24  @ 

Smoked    Fish— Whiteflsh    (chubs) @ .19    @    .20 

Winter  caught  fish  are  frozen  on  the  Ice  Immediately  after  catching  and  reach  the 
narket  'In  excellent  condition.  They  are  In  fair  supply  and  at  reasonable  prices,  eicept 
irhltcfish  and  pike,  which  are  still  scarce  and  somewhat  high. 

Buyers  should  remember  in  retailing  sliced  fish  the  dealer  suffers  a  considerable 
jhrlnkape  In  weight. on  account  of  fins,  tails,  etc. 

The  minimum  price  above  quoted  usually  contemplates  cash  paid  at  time  of  purchase. 
Dealers  are  not  eipected  to  name  th«e  prices  on  charge  accounts,  and  would  be  acting 
,n  accord  with  the  food  administration  la  so  doint  Reasonable  prices,  not  ruinous  ones. 
ire  sought 


210 McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    W All 

checked  up  so  that  no  family  should  be  allowed  to  exceed  its  sugar  quota. 
The  groceryman  was  required  to  furnish  a  certificate  to  his  jobber  as  to 
his  sugar  requirements  before  he  could  purchase,  and  these  cards  were  the 
basis.  Manufacturers  of  ice  cream  and  candy  were  cut  down  in  their 
allowance  of  sugar,  first  to  80  per  cent  and  then  to  50  per  cent  of  the 
normal.  Sugar  bowls  were  taken  off  the  tables  of  restaurants  and  hotels, 
and  sugar  was  given  to  the  customer  only  on  request.  This  regulation 
continued  in  force  for  several  months  during  the  summer  and  fall  of  1918. 

Another  important  feature  of  the  work  was  the  distribution  of  flour. 
It  seemed  quite  certain  in  the  spring  of  1918,  that  our  supply  of  wheat 
flour  would  certainly  be  exhausted  by  the  first  of  June,  and  that  we 
would  have  a  two  months'  interim,  where  some  food  substitute  would 
have  to  take  the  place  of  wheat  flour.  On  January  28,  1918,  when  the 
serious  condition  of  wheat  flour  was  fully  ascertained,  the  United  States 
Food  Administrator  issued  a  ruling  that  all  sales  of  wheat  flour  should 
be  made  with  an  equal  quantity  of  cereal  substitutes,  specifically  nam- 
ing just  what  substitutes  could  be  used  as  such,  and  making  it  necessary 
for  all  retailers  and  wholesalers,  to  see  that  each  purchase  of  wheat 
flour  was  accompanied  at  the  same  time  with  a  sale  of  a  like  quantity, 
pound  for  pound,  on  the  fifty-fifty  basis,  of  cereal  substitutes.  As  the 
greater  shortage  of  wheat  flour  became  known,  it  was  more  generally 
understood  that  the  people  purchased  unnecessarily,  and  it  was  to  export 
larger  quantities  of  this  commodity  to  France,  where  its  need  was  a 
necessity  to  winning  the  war,  that  a  number  of  the  McLean  County 
housewives  pledged  themselves  not  to  buy  any  wheat  flour  until  the 
new  crop  would  be  available  along  in  August  of  1918.  This  pledge  con- 
tinued and  it  was  finally  released  when  it  was  known  that  we  would 
have  enough  flour  to  tide  us  over  and  there  was  no  longer  a  necessity 
for  it. 

The  pledge  was  released  in  McLean  County  just  one  week  before 
it  was  generally  released  by  Mr.  Hoover  to  the  hotel  and  restaurant 
men  of  the  United  States,  who  had  in  like  manner  voluntarily  taken 
the  same  pledge. 

The  official  rules  promulgated  by  the  food  administration  on  the 
subject  of  flour  and  meat,  in  February,  1918,  were  as  follows: 

"To  reduce  the  consumption  of  wheat  flour  the  consumers  are  called 
upon,  in  purchasing  such  flour  to  buy  at  the  same  time  an  equal  weight 
of  the  following  cereals:  Corn  meal,  corn  starch,  corn  flour,  hominy, 
corn  grits,  barley  flour,  rice,  rice  flour,  oat  meal,  rolled  oats,  buckwheat 
flour,  potato  flour,  sweet  potato  flour,  soya  bean  flour,  faterita  flours 
and  meals. 

Note — Eye  flour  is  no  longer  used  as  a  substitute. 

' '  The  housewife  may  use  these  products  separately  or  mix  them  as 
she  thinks  best.  Eetailers  are  to  sell  wheat  flour  only  with  equal  weights 
of  these  cereals.  This  ruling  effective  Monday,  January  28,  1918. 

"Monday  and  Wednesday  of  each  week  are  to  be  observed  as  wheat- 
less  days,  and  the  evening  meal  of  every  day  after  5  p.  m.  as  a  meat- 
less meal.  This  applies  both  in  the  home,  and  in  the  public  eating  places, 
and  during  such  days  and  meals,  no  crackers,  pastries,  macaroni,  break- 
fast foods  or  other  cereals  containing  wheat  should  be  used. 

"It  is  further  desired,  in  order  that  meat  and  pork  products  be 
conserved,  that  one  meatless  day,  Tuesday  in  every  week,  and  one  meat- 
less meal — the  morning  meal — before  10  a.  m.  in  every  day  be  observed, 
and  in  addition,  two  porkless  days,  Tuesdays  and  Saturdays  in  every 
week  be  strictly  kept.  By  meatless  is  meant  without  hog,  cattle  or  sheep 
products.  On  other  days  use  mutton  and  lamb  in  preference  to  beef 
or  pork.  By  porkless  is  meant  without  pork,  bacon,  ham,  lard  or  pork 
products,  fresh  or  preserved.  Use  fish,  poultry  and  eggs. 

"Beginning  February  3,  bakers  must  use  at  least  five  per  cent 
wheat  flour  substitutes  in  all  breads  and  rolls.  This  amount  must  be 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE^ 211 

increased  as  rapidly  as  possible  until  February  24,  when  they  should  be 
using  at  least  twenty  per  cent  of  these  substitutes  in  all  bread  and  rolls." 

In  the  spring  of  1918,  a  ruling  was  issued  that  every  family  hav- 
ing more  than  49  pounds  of  flour  in  the  house  at  one  time  should  return 
the  surplus  to  their  dealer,  to  be  resold.  On  May  8,  Hal  M.  Stone,  county 
food  administrator,  and  Charles  O  'Malley,  city  administrator,  issued  a 
statement  that  the  time  for  such  returns  was  up.  The  statement  added: 

"Three  thousand  49-pound  bags  of  flour  have  been  located  and  re- 
turned from  persons  in  this  county  residing  outside  of  Bloomington  and 
Normal.  These  have  been  collected  and  returned  to  the  merchants  and 
placed  upon  the  market  to  be  resold  under  the  new  regulations,  fifty- 
fifty  with  substitutes  and  no  more  than  48  pounds  to  be  at  one  family 's 
home  at  a  time." 

In  January,  1918,  the  Ad  Club  of  Bloomington,  composed  of  a  num- 
ber of  live  young  business  men,  launched  a  campaign  of  education  on 
food  conservation.  They  bought  space  in  the  newspapers  to  preach  con- 
servation. They  erected  on  the  sides  of  the  court  house  four  huge  signs 
containing  some  striking  precepts  on  the  same  subject,  and  secured 
permission  of  the  moving  picture  houses  for  slides  with  sensible  hints 
on  this  subject.  This  campaign  was  continued  to  the  end  of  the  war. 

From  February  to  May,  1918,  the  poultry  houses  were  forbidden 
by  order  of  the  food  administration,  to  buy  or  kill  for  food  any  laying 
hen.  This  was  in  order  to  conserve  the  hen  supply,  and  increase  the 
output  of  eggs  as  a  substitute  for  meats,  so  that  more  meat  supplies 
could  be  released  for  shipment  by  the  United  States  to  Europe.  This 
rule  was  universally  observed  by  poultry  dealers  and  raisers  throughout 
McLean  county. 

Early  in  the  fall  of  1918,  and  a  short  time  before  the  Armistice 
was  signed,  Mr.  Hoover  felt  that  it  was  necessary  to  devote  the  more 
especial  attention  of  the  Food  Administration  thruout  the  country  to 
a  general  publication  of  prices  throughout  all  the  cities  of  the  United 
States;  and  each  state  was  asked  to  see  to  it  that  organizations  which 
would  bring  about  these  results,  were  effected  in  each  county  of  the 
state.  Mr.  Humphreys  was  then  asked  by  Mr.  Wheeler  to  take  charge 
of  this  new  division  in  the  state  of  Illinois,  which  was  known  as  the 
Price  Division.  This  necessitated  his  spending  practically  all  his  time 
at  the  Chicago  Headquarters  Office,  except  the  week  ends  that  he  spent 
at  home;  whereas  before  he  had  only  spent  a  day  or  two  at  the  Chi- 
cago headquarters,  attending  the  weekly  meetings  of  the  District  Board 
each  week. 

With  the  signing  of  the  Armistice  and  the  general  knowledge  of  the 
fact  that  the  war  was  over,  an  attempt  to  control  this  work  by  the 
voluntary  work  of  the  people  was  impracticable,  as  the  necessity  seemed 
to  have  passed.  It  is  difficult  to  understand  the  great  volume  of  work 
handled  by  the  various  food  administrators,  and  the  great  amount  of 
time  and  effort  given  to  the  work  voluntarily,  without  any  compen- 
sation whatever. 

For  over  a  year  Mr.  Humphreys  had  put  in  twelve  to  fifteen  hours 
a  day  and  when  he  accepted  the  position  of  taking  charge  of  the  Price 
Division  for  the  state  of  Illinois,  it  was  agreed  that  he  should  have  a 
little  vacation  to  be  with  his  family  and  grandchildren  in  Florida.  On 
December  8th  he  left  Chicago  to  go  to  Florida,  and  it  was  not  long 
after  this  until  all  restrictions  were  withdrawn,  and  the  county  and 
local  Food  Administrators  of  the  state  were  released  from  their  work, 
and  the  United  States  Food  Administration,  as  to  McLean  County,  be- 
came a  thing  of  the  past. 

E.  M.  Evans  of  Bloomington  was  asked  by  the  national  food  ad- 
ministration during  the  closing  months  of  the  war  to  take  charge  of 
food  control  in  a  large  district  of  Indiana,  and  he  put  in  several  months 
at  this  work.  When  the  armistice  was  signed  and  strict  control  was 
relaxed,  Mr.  Evans  returned  from  his  duties  in  that  line. 


212 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 


CHARLES  O'MALLEY,  FOOD  ADMINISTRATOR 

The  record  of  McLean  county's  part  in  the 
war  would  be  sadly  incomplete  if  due  atten- 
tion was  not  paid  to  the  food  conservation. 
The  position  of  food  administrator  was  ably 
filled  by  Charles  O 'Malley  who  had  charge 
of  the  department  in  Bloomington  and  who 
was  also  assistant  county  food  administra- 
tor. These  positions  were  marked  by  great 
responsibility  and  required  the  maximum  of 
tact  and  diplomacy.  Mr.  O  'Malley  possessed 
both  to  a  marked  degree  and  this  was 
largely  responsible  for  the  great  success 
which  marked  the  operation  of  his  depart- 
ment. The  men  who  carried  on  the  food 
conservation  department,  gave  their  time, 
their  energy  and  their  best  thought  without 
stint,  neglecting  their  own  business  and 
without  hope  of  reward  or  even  recognition 
of  their  personal  sacrifices  and  efforts.  They 
were  as  truly,  and  as  usefully,  in  the  service 
of  their  state  and  their  country  as  were 
those  who  wore  the  nation's  uniforms.  The  ramifications  of  the  food 
conservation  program  were  many.  They  included  farm  labor,  Boys 
Working  Eeserve,  Mobilization  of  Adult  Labor,  food  shows,  seed  corn, 
war  gardens,  regulation  of  prices  and  quantity  sold,  co-operation  of 
schools,  corn  huskers  campaign,  etc.  There  were  many  angles  to  the 
campaign  and  many  of  these  were  trying  and  made  the  post  of  admin- 
istrator an  onerous  one.  Throughout  all  the  period  that  the  department 
was  in  operation,  Mr.  O  'Malley  gave  his  time  and  energy  freely  and 
was  able  to  pacify  the  class  which  objected  to  food  control  and  adjust 
complications  which  continually  developed.  The  famine  in  sugar  was 
the  most  annoying  feature  of  the  war  from  a  food  standpoint  but  this 
was  handled  successfully  and  the  meagre  supply  distributed  in  small  lots 
through  the  card  system  which  originated  in  England.  No  one  was 
more  thankful  to  see  the  end  of  the  war  and  the  consequent  release  from 
the  duties  of  food  administrator,  than  Mr.  O  'Malley.  It  was  a  difficult 
position  to  fill  but  he  acquitted  himself  to  the  entire  satisfaction  of  the 
government  and  the  public. 


WON  CROIX  DE  GUERRE 

Harry  E.  Baker  of  Bloomington,  can- 
noner  of  the  44th  Artillery,  U.  S.  Army 
of  the  A.  E.  F.,  won  the  French  Cross  of 
War  on  July  15,  1918,  by  his  gallant  ac- 
tion during  a  violent  bombardment.  It 
was  during  a  night  attack  when  he  and 
four  other  men  were  on  guard  at  their 
battery.  Gas  shells  were  thrown  over  by 
the  Germans,  and  all  but  Cannoner  Baker 
were  overcome  by  the  effects  of  the  shells. 
He  aroused  his  battery  and  undoubtedly 
saved  the  lives  of  hundreds  of  sleeping 
American  soldiers.  The  citation  which 
accompanied  the  medal  came  from  Mar- 
shal Petain,  at  that  time  the  marshal  of 
France.  The  accompanying  likeness  of 
Private  Baker  was  taken  shortly  after  his 
arrival  in  this  country. 


MCLEAN  COUNTY  AND  THE  WORLD 


213 


McLEAN  COUNTY  MEDICAL  SOCIETY 


In  every  emergency,  where  the  physical  well-being  of  people  is  at  stake,  the 
doctors  of  a  community  have  responsibility  hardly  equaled  by  any  other  class  of 
citizens.  Therefore  in  the  share  of  America  in  the  world  war,  which  brought  the 
physical  test  to  the  nation  such  as  it  had  never  before  seen,  the  physicians  were 
called  upon  for  a  correspondingly  large  part  in  preserving  the  health  and  morale 
of  the  people.  In  McLean  county  our  proportion  of  this  great  task  was  passed 
to  the  doctors,  and  they  responded  in  a  way  which  will  forever  be  a  credit  to  the 
profession.  The  McLean  County  Medical  Society  early  in  the  war  by  formal  reso- 
lution, decided  to  lend  the  professional  aid  of  its  members  to  the  country  in  any 
way  that  should  be  demanded  by  the  necessities  of  the  case.  Later  on  when  the 
call  came  for  enlistments  in  the  medical  reserve  corps,  some  90  of  the  doctors  of 
the  county  responded.  Many  of  these  were  called  to  active  service  in  1917  and 
1918.  A  dozen  or  more  of  them  were  ordered  across  to  the  scene  of  the  war,  and 
several  of  them  made  notable  records  as  part  of  or  in  command  of  sanitary  units 
and  hospital  contingents.  A  few  were  given  high  military  rank  in  acknowledgment 
of  their  efficient  service.  All  served  until  the  war  was  over,  and  then  as  soon  as 
the  need  of  their  service  was  past  they  returned  to  plain  citizenship  and  resumed 
the  practice  of  their  profession. 

One  well  known  doctor  was  appointed  on  each  of  the  draft  examining  board, 
Dr.  Elfrink  on  Board  No.  1  and  Dr.  Mammen  on  board  No.  2.  Both  of  these 
served  without  cessation  from  the  organization  to  the  disbandment  of  the  board. 
Out  of  the  nearly  1,900  young  men  accepted  by  the  boards  for  service  in  the 
national  army,  only  59  were  rejected  after  they  had  reached  the  training  camps. 
This  speaks  well  for  the  thoroughness  and  efficiency  of  the  local  examinations. 

There  were  in  the  county  during  the  war  some  120  physicians,  and  of  these 
there  were  some  30,  or  25  per  cent  in  active  service  in  the  army  or  navy.  In 
addition  to  these,  a  large  number  of  physicians  enrolled  under  the  medical  reserve, 
and  were  never  called  into  active  service.  All  but  four  of  the  doctors  of  Bloomington 
and  Normal  who  were  under  46  years  of  age  were  so  enrolled. 

The  doctors  of  the  country  as  a  whole  responded  nobly.  When  war  broke 
out,  there  were  447  physicians  in  the  medical  corps  of  the  army,  and  329  in  the 
navy.  When  the  armistice  was  signed  the  number  of  medical  officers  in  the  army 
was  35,000  and  3,000  in  the  navy.  The  medical  department  of  the  A.  E.  P.  con- 
sisted of  14,000  officers,  3,000  nurses  and  122,000  enlisted  men.  This  organization 
treated  195,000  wounded  men,  and  of  these  182,000,  or  93  per  cent,  were  returned 
to  duty. 

The  list  of  McLean  county  physicians  who  saw  active  service  in  the  army  and 
navy  camps  or  in  sea  duty  was  as  follows: 

Dr.   Fred  Brian 

Dr.  F.   C.   Vandervort 

Dr.   G.   H.  Galford 

Dr.   W.  W.   Gailey 

Dr.   L.   L.   Irwin 

Dr.   A.  E.  Behrendt 

Dr.   A.   J.   Casner 

Dr.   J.   L.  Yolton 

Dr.   H.    A.    Elder 

Dr.   W.   L.   Penniman 
The  Board  of  Examiners    in   McLean  county  were  as   follows: 
Drs.  F.  C.  Vandervort,  E.  Mammen,  J.  L.  Yolton,  F.  H.  Godfrey,  J.  H.  Fenelon, 
Frank   C.   Fisher.   Wm.  Young,   Harry  L.   Howell,   Chas.   E.   Chapin. 
The   Exemption    Board    Examiners: 

Drs  N  E  Nieberger,  E.  P.  Sloan,  E.  B.  Hart,  W.  E.  Guthrie,  R.  D.  Fox,  G. 
B.  Kelso  and  J.  Whitefield  Smith. 


Dr.  Harry    Howell 
Dr.   R.   A.   Noble 
Dr.   Wilfred   Gardner 
Dr.  A.  E.  Rogers 
Dr.   J.  W.  Wallis 
Dr.  T.  D.   Cantrell 
Dr.  J.  K.  P.   Hawks 
Dr.  L.   B.   Gavins 
Dr.   Frank   Sayers 


Dr.   D.   D.   Raber 

Dr.  E.  R.  Hermann  (Stan- 
ford) 

Dr.   A.  R.  Freeman 

Dr.   Paul  Greenleaf 

Dr.   C.  E.  Schultz 

Dr.   Frank   Deneen 

Dr.  L.  O.  Thompson  (Le- 
Roy) 

Dr.  O.  A.  Coss,  Arrowsmith 


214 M cLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

LIEUT.  COL.  WILFRED  H.  GARDNER 

Dr.  Wilfred  H.  Gardner  of  Bloomington,  by  his  length  and  efficiency 
of  service  in  the  medical  department  of  the  A.  E.  F.  attained  the  rank  of 
lieutenant  colonel.  Dr.  Gardner  had  experiences  which  were  unusual  among 
the  physicians  of  McLean  county.  A  year  prior  to  the  time  when  America 
entered  the  war,  was  spent  in  the  military  hospitals  of  London  as  a  volunteer 
physician,  most  of  this  period  in  the  Eoyal  hospital  where  British  soldiers 
were  taken  who  had  been  wounded  in  the  head.  This  specialized  line  of 
practice  was  most  interesting  in  a  professional  way,  and  gave  Dr.  Gardner 
an  opportunity  to  contribute  in  no  small  manner  to  the  relief  of  wounded 
men  of  a  nation  which  was  later  to  become  our  ally.  After  a  year  of  this 
experience,  he  returned  to  Bloomington  to  resume  practice  of  his  profession. 


Soon  after  the  United  States  entered  the  war  Dr.  Gardner  enrolled 
himself  for  service  in  the  medical  department  whenever  he  should  be  needed. 
His  call  to  service  came  in  the  summer  of  1917,  and  on  August  14  of  that 
year  he  departed  for  Fort  Biley,  Kansas,  to  start  his  period  of  training. 
At  that  camp,  Dr.  Gardner  was  commissioned  a  captain  and  transferred 
to  Camp  Funston  as  commander  of  the  Field  Hospital  company.  Later  he 
was  made  director  and  finally  commander  of  the  317th  Sanitary  Train  which 
was  composed  of  Field  Hospital  companies  and  also  hospital  ambulance 
companies.  In  that  capacity,  he  embarked  with  his  hospital  unit,  thoroughly 
organized  in  the  spring  of  1918.  It  required  but  a  few  weeks  of  final 
training  in  the  region  behind  the  front  lines  in  France,  until  this  unit  was 
made  part  of  the  American  forces  in  the  zone  of  advance.  The  unit  fol- 
lowed the  advance  of  the  American  army  all  thru  the  summer  and  fall  of 
1918,  being  part  of  and  helper  to  the  fighting  forces  in  the  Champagne  dis- 
trict, Chateau  Thierry,  the  campaign  of  the  St.  Mihiel  salient,  and  the  final 
bloody  battles  in  the  Argonne  forest.  After  the  signing  of  the  armistice, 
Dr.  Gardner,  then  commissioned  lieutenant  colonel,  was  placed  in  charge 
of  a  military  hospital  at  Brest,  thru  which  all  the  wounded  men  of  the 
American  forces  were  cleared  for  the  home  journey.  He  was  kept  at  this 
strenuous  work  until  .late  in  the  summer  of  1919,  when  he  finally  was  or- 
dered home  and  received  his  discharge.  He  returned  to  civil  life,  but  did 
not  resume  the  practice  of  medicine,  but  became  associated  with  his  father 
and  brother  in  "The  Gardner  Company,"  a  Bloomington  bond  and  in- 
vestment company  with  offices  in  the  Griesheim  building. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 215 

DR.   HARRY  LEE  HOWELL 

Dr.  Harry  Lee  Howell,  of  Bloomington,  was  one  of  the  few  physicians 
from  Central  Illinois,  who  became  attached  to  the  medical  service  of 
the  United  States  navy  in  the  war,  and,  afterward,  as  such,  attained  the 
grade  of  lieutenant,  a  high  naval  rank.  Dr.  Howell  was  accepted  for 
service  in  November,  1917,  and  was  first  sent  to  Great  Lakes  Naval  Train- 
ing Station.  Soon  afterward,  he  was  ordered  to  the  Atlantic  Coast  and 
was  assigned  as  one  of  the  medical  officers  of  the  U.  S.  S.  Calamares,  a 
transport  which  was  formerly  operated  by  the  United  Fruit  Co.  Remain- 
ing on  this  boat  between  April  and  October,  he  was  transferred  to  the 
giant  transport  Leviathan  which  was  one  of  the  greatest  troop  carrying 
ships  under  the  American  flag  during  the  war.  It  had  formerly  been  the 


Vaterland,  a  liner  of  the  German  Hamburg-American  line,  but  was  in- 
terned in  an  American  port  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war.  It  was  finally 
taken  over  by  the  United  States  Government  and  converted  into  a  troop- 
ship. The  great  vessel  could  carry  as  many  as  12,000  men  and  the  medi- 
cal officers  of  such  a  ship,  naturally  had  immense  responsibilities,  pro- 
fessionally and  physically.  In  his  capacity  as  medical  officer,  Dr.  Howell 
made  fifteen  trips  across  the  Atlantic  during  the  war,  but,  after  the 
signing  of  the  armistice,  came  perhaps,  an  even  greater  task  for  him. 
The  great  movement  of  troops  homeward  from  France  required  extra 
work  for  the  troop  ships  and  the  Leviathan  was  one  of  those  most  relied 
upon  on  account  of  its  great  carrying  capacity.  The  medical  officers' 
duties  were  strenuous,  for  many  of  the  returning  soldiers  had  been 
wounded  or  gassed.  Prior  to  April  31,  1919,  Dr.  Howell  had  charge  of 
the  surgical  department  for  troops  alone  but  after  that  date,  his  juris- 
diction was  extended  to  cover  the  crew  also,  a  heavy  additional  burden 
of  responsibility.  Dr.  Howell  continued  in  this  active  service  until  the 
fall  of  1919  when  he  was  permitted  to  return  home  on  furlough.  Not 
until  the  spring  of  1920  did  he  receive  his  discharge.  He  then  resumed 
his  medical  practice  from  which  he  had  been  taken  for  more  than  two 
years,  resulting  in  much  financial  loss,  which  was  but  a  small  part  of  the 
great  sacrifice  he  made  for  his  country  on  account  of  the  war. 


216  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

CAPT.  A.  JAMES  CASNER 
To  Dr.  A.  James  Casner  belongs  the 
distinction  of  being  among  the  first  to 
tender  his  services  to  the  government  and 
next  to  the  last  of  the  McLean  county 
physicians  and  surgeons  to  receive  his  dis- 
charge. On  June  1,  he  notified  the  de- 
partment of  his  readiness  to  serve  and 
was  commissioned  First  Lieutenant  on 
August  1  that  year,  but  it  was  not  until 
April  1,  1918,  that  he  received  orders  to 
report.  He  was  first  assigned  to  Fort 
Eiley  medical  officers  training  camp,  serv- 
ing there  for  eleven  weeks.  On  June  22 
he  was  ordered  to  Camp  Funston,  Kansas, 
for  duty  as  an  expert  in  heart  and  chest 
diseases,  being  engaged  in  this  work  un- 
til September  1  when  he  was  promoted  to 
Captain.  He  was  then  honored  by  assign- 
ment to  the  medical  staff  of  General  Leon- 
ard Wood  as  camp  epidemiogolist,  his  duty 
being  to  make  a  special  study  of  camp 
epidemics  and  the  best  method  of  treatment  and  overcoming  them.  This 
appointment  was  a  marked  compliment  to  the  Bloomington  physician. 
On  November  26,  1918,  Dr.  Casner  was  assigned  to  the  Base  Hospital 
at  Fort  Eiley,  Kansas,  in  charge  of  service  of  clinical  medicine  and 
diagnosis.  This  institution,  at  that  period  had  3500  beds  and  is  com- 
posed of  permanent  stone  buildings,  perfectly  equipped  and  ranking  with 
the  finest  hospitals  owned  by  the  government,  modern  in  construction 
and  comparing  to  the  best  of  the  world  army  hospitals.  It  was  there 
that  the  war  department  sent  hundreds  of  soldiers  returning  from  over- 
seas and  who  were  in  such  serious  condition  as  to  require  the  best  of 
treatment  and  highest  degree  of  medical  and  surgical  attention.  There 
were  such  a  large  number  of  such  patients  and  so  many  of  them  were 
in  such  desperate  condition  that  they  were  quartered  there  for  months, 
and  it  was  necessary  that  a  large  staff  of  physicians  be  retained  until 
long  after  peace  was  declared.  This  explains  why  Dr.  Casner  was  kept 
in  the  government  service  so  much  longer  than  the  other  physicians 
from  McLean  county.  It  was  not  until  July  22,  1919,  that  he  could  be 
spared,  the  number  of  patients  dwindling  by  that  time  to  500.  Dr. 
Casner  than  returned  to  Bloomington  and  resumed  his  practice  in  suite 
505-6  Peoples  Bank  Bldg.,  Bloomington,  having  greatly  enjoyed  his  long 
period  of  army  duty. 

DR.  E.  R.  HERMANN 

Promptly  upon  the  declaration  of  war,  Dr.  E.  E.  Hermann  of  Stan- 
ford enlisted,  the  date  being  April  15,  1917.  He  received  his  commission 
as  lieutenant  M.  E.  C.  July  30,  1917,  and  was  called  to  active  duty  Octo- 
ber 5,  1917.  On  November  15  of  that  year,  he  entered  the  School  of 
Military  Eoentgenology,  Cornell  University,  New  York  City,  remaining 
there  until  March  22,  1918.  Between  April  1,  1918,  and  August  31,  1918, 
he  was  on  active  duty  as  assistant  to  the  surgeon  and  in  charge  of  tho 
X-ray  department  at  the  Base  Hospital  at  Camp  Greene,  Charlotte,  North 
Carolina.  September  1  of  that  year  until  November  1,  1919,  he  was  on 
active  duty  at  Fort  Thomas,  Kentucky,  as  assistant  to  the  surgeon  and 
Eoentgenologist  at  the  Post  Hospital,  his  unusually  long  period  of  duty 
being  necessary  to  by  the  fact  that  many  soldiers  returning  from  Europe, 
required  attention,  the  hospital  population  continuing  to  be  very  great 
until  nearly  a  year  after  the  war  was  over.  Dr.  Hermann  was  finally 
given  his  discharge  November  15,  1919,  and  permitted  to  resume  his 
profession  at  Stanford,  having  been  in  active  service  more  than  two 
years,  thus  making  a  very  great  financial  sacrifice  for  his  country  in 
being  so  long  absent  from  his  regular  practice.  On  January  26,  1920, 
Dr.  Hermann  was  honored  by  being  appointed  Captain  in  the  U.  S.  A. 
Eeserve  Medical  Corps. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


217 


DR.  J.  K.  P.  HAWKS 

Dr.  J.  K.  P.  Hawks  of  Bloomington  vol- 
unteered for  war  service  in  May,  1918.  He 
received  his  commission  as  captain  in  the 
medical  corps  August  31,  1918,  with  orders 
to  report  to  the  Medical  Officers'  Training 
Camp  at  Camp  Greenleaf,  Georgia.  After 
a  few  weeks  in  the  training  camp,  he  was 
ordered  to  report  to  Evacuation  Hospital 
No.  46  for  service  overseas.  This  unit  was 
not  sent  across  and  he  remained  with  it 
until  it  was  demobilized,  and  he  received 
his  discharge  December  24,  1918,  and  re- 
sumed his  practice  in  Bloomington  at  his 
office,  212-13  Griesheim  Building. 


DR.  PAUL  E.  GREENLEAF 

It  was  an  interesting  coincidence  that 
Dr.  Paul  E.  Greenleaf  of  Bloomington  who 
was  among  the  first  of  the  McLean  County 
physicians  to  enter  into  the  services  at  the 
outbreak  of  the  war,  should  see  training 
at  the  Medical  Officers  training  camp  at 
Camp  Greenleaf,  Georgia,  named  after 
Assistant  Surgeon  General  C.  R.  Green- 
leaf,  a  Surgeon  of  the  Civil  War  and  a 
distant  relative.  Dr.  Greenleaf  was  com- 
missioned first  Lieutenant  on  May  llth, 
1918,  and  left  Bloomington  June  13,  1918, 
upon  receiving  a  call  to  the  service.  His 
first  orders  sent  him  to  the  Rockefeller  In- 
stitute for  Medical  Research  in  New  York 
City  where  he  was  given  special  instruc- 
tion in  the  Carrel-Dakin  method  of  the 
treatment  of  infected  wounds.  Upon  com- 
pletion of  this  course,  he  was  next  ordered 
to  report  for  temporary  duty  at  the  Base 
Hospital  at  Camp  Gordon,  Ga.,  which  was  located  near  Atlanta.  He 
remained  there  during  July  and  August  and  was  then  ordered  to  leave 
Camp  Gordon  and  proceed  to  the  Medical  Officers  Training  Camp  at 
Camp  Greenleaf,  Ga.,  for  a  course  in  military  training  and  Military 
Surgery.  After  two  months  at  Camp  Greenleaf  Dr.  Greenleaf  was  then 
ordered  to  Bellevue  Hospital,  New  York  City,  for  a  special  course  in 
the  treatment  of  fractures  and  war  injuries.  This  course  was  intended 
for  men  who  were  to  be  sent  overseas  for  taking  care  of  the  wounded 
in  Base  Hospitals.  His  final  period  of  duty  was  at  Camp  Meade,  Mary- 
land, where  he  was  stationed  at  the  Base  Hospital,  where  the  formation 
of  a  Base  Hospital  was  being  made  for  duty  overseas.  Just  when  his 
unit  was  completed  and  all  of  the  members  were  in  readiness  to  go  to 
France,  the  'armistice  was  signed  and  the  orders  to  sail  were  counter- 
manded. This  cancellation  was  a  great  disappointment  to  many  of  the 
physicians  and  surgeons  as  they  were  anxious  to  see  service  abroad.  Dr. 
Greenleaf  however  was  kept  in  active  duty  until  January,  1919,  when 
he  was  given  his  discharge  and  permitted  to  resume  his  practice  in  suite 
614-615  Griesheim  Building,  Bloomington. 


218 


McLEAN    COl'XTY    A XI)    Till-:    II'OELD    WAR 


DR.   HORACE   W.   ELDER 

The  distinction  of  being  one  of  three 
physicians  from  Illinois  selected  by  the 
Public  Health  Service  Department  of  the 
United  States  government  to  fight  an  ex- 
traordinary epidemic  of  influenza  at  Ches- 
ter, Penn.,  during  the  war,  goes  to  Dr. 
Horace  W.  Elder  of  Bloomington,  and  this 
service  was  regarded  by  the  authorities  at 
Washington  as  just  as  vital  as  that  in  the 
camps  of  the  army.  At  Chester,  nearly 
every  person  in  the  city  was  a  victim. 
Many  of  the  local  physicians  had  gone  to 
army  camps  and  the  force  left  was  wholly 
inadequate  to  cope  with  the  epidemic. 
Physicians  from  other  states  were  called 
and  Dr.  Elder  was  one  of  the  three  from 
Illinois  leaving  here  October  2,  1918,  and 
remaining  until  after  the  disease  was  un- 
der control  several  months  later.  This  ex- 
perience was  a  very  inferno  of  contagion 
and  death  and  tested  the  nerve  and  energy 
of  every  physician  assembled  and  who  bat- 
tled against  what  appeared  at  times  to  be  overwhelming  odds.  The 
physicians  finally  won  and  every  one  engaged  won  the  gratitude  of  the 
people  with  whom  they  labored,  as  well  as  that  of  the  government  that 
had  appealed.  This  conflict  with  influenza  was  one  of  the  thrilling  ex- 
periences of  the  war  and  had  more  of  the  terror,  if  less  than  the  san- 
guinary features  of  the  great  army  offensives  in  France.  Dr.  Elder  re- 
sumed his  practice  in  suite  527,  Griesheim  Building,  Bloomington,  about 
the  same  time  that  most  of  the  other  physicians  and  surgeons  were  be- 
ing released  from  duty  in  the  army  hospitals. 


DR.  JOHN  L.  YOLTON 

Associated  upon  the  board  of  surgeons  assigned 
to  the  Students  Army  Training  Corps  of  the 
Illinois  Wesleyan  University  during  the  war,  was 
Dr.  John  L.  Yolton  of  Bloomington.  He  was 
among  the  first  to  tender  his  services  at  the  out- 
break of  the  great  conflict  and  it  was  his  lot  to 
take  care  of  the  boys  of  the  educational  institu- 
tion who  were  anxious  to  participate  and  who 
occupied  the  barracks  erected  for  their  accom- 
modation north  of  the  Wesleyan  University  build- 
ings. The  premature  ending  of  the  war,  just  as 
the  students  were  becoming  proficient  in  the  daily 
drills  and  tactics,  prevented  them  from  seeing 
active  service  and  also  the  attending  surgeons  in 
charge  and  who  might  have  been  assigned  to  duty 
with  them  had  they  been  ordered  to  the  front.  Dr. 
Yolton  served  faithfully  and  efficiently  during  the 
period  of  the  war  and  the  excellent  health  of  the 
students  during  this  period  was  largely  due  to  the 

careful  attention  given  to  them  by  Dr.  Yolton  and  his  associates.  After 
the  end  of  the  war,  Dr.  Yolton  resumed  his  practice  with  offices  at  208 
East  Jefferson  street,  Bloomington. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


219 


CAPT.  D.  D.  RABER 

An  unusually  extensive  diversity  of  ser- 
vice was  the  privilege  of  Dr.  D.  D.  Eaber. 
Enlisting  at  Fort  Meade,  South  Dakota, 
August  26,  1917,  he  was  commissioned  First 
Lieutenant  in  the  Medical  Corps  Septem- 
ber 30,  1917,  and  was  called  into  active 
service  January  17,  1918,  at  Fort  Eiley 
Medical  Officers  Training  Camp.  He  then 
served  with  the  Aviation  Section  Signal 
Corps  at  Waco,  Texas;  Camp  Greene,  N. 
C.,  and  Hempstead  Field  No.  2,  L.  I.  He 
was  then  assigned  as  Battalion  Surgeon 
with  Infantry  at  Camp  Greene,  N.  C., 
346th  Battalion  Q.  M.  C.,  moving  to  Camp 
Merritt,  N.  J.,  September  22,  embarking 
on  the  George  Washington  transport,  land- 
ing at  Brest  with  the  convoy  October  13. 
He  was  first  stationed  at  Camp  St.  Sulpice 
Depot  No.  9,  Base  Section  2,  Service  of 
Supplies  A.  P.  O.  No.  705  A.  E.  F.  He 
served  with  Camp  Hospital  No.  66  as  bat- 
talion surgeon;  Chief  of  Influenza  wards;  Chief  of  Pneumonia  wards; 
Chief  Medical  Service,  and  Surgeon  to  Prisoners  of  War  Camp,  Nos.  6, 
7,  10,  and  11.  He  saw  a  vast  amount  of  strenuous  service  abroad,  was 
promoted  to  captain  of  medical  corps  September  16,  1918,  and  was  finally 
ordered  to  America  as  Troops  Surgeon  on  the  Transport  El  Oriente,  em- 
barking at  Bordeaux  June  24,  1919,  debarking  at  Newport  News,  Va., 
July  4.  His  battalion  was  demobilized  at  Camp  Jackson,  Columbia,  S.  C., 
and  he  received  his  discharge  at  Camp  Grant  July  30,  1919.  Capt.  Eaber 
then  resumed  the  practice  of  medicine  and  surgery  at  suite  310,  the 
Unity  Building,  Bloomington. 

DR.   FRANK  DENEEN 

Dr.  Frank  Deencn  tendered  his  services 
as  soon  as  the  announcement  was  made 
that  there  was  need  and  received  his  orders 
August  11,  1918,  to  report  to  Camp  Meade 
where  he  was  promptly  commissioned  Lieu- 
tenant and  given  four  months  of  strenuous 
duty  in  that  big  cantonment.  He  was 
honored  by  assignment  to  the  consultation 
department  with  special  diagnosis  work. 
He  was  engaged  also  in  classification  duty 
and  his  experience  in  the  army  service  was 
of  great  variety  and  offered  many  inter- 
esting problems  from  a  medical  and  sur- 
gical standpoint.  He  also  assisted  in  the 
organization  of  the  camp  diagnosis  de- 
partment and  found  his  time  fully  occupied 
until  after  the  close  of  the  war.  A  few 
weeks  after  the  coming  of  peace,  Dr. 
Deneen  was  given  his  release  from  duty, 
his  discharge  being  dated  December  6, 
1918.  While  it  was  not  the  privilege  of 
Dr.  Derieen  to  see  service  abroad,  his  ser- 
vices for  his  country  were  fully  as  valuable  as  those  who  made  the 
overseas  trip.  In  company  with  the  other  physicians  and  surgeons  of 
McLean  County,  the  service  of  Dr.  Deneen  was  made  at  great  personal 
sacrifice  but  he  was  glad  of  the  opportunity  tendered  him.  Returning 
to  Bloomington  he  resumed  his  practice  in  suite  606-626  Griesheim  Bldg. 


220 M cLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WO  ELD    WAR 

DR.  EGBERT  AVERY  NOBLE 

Probably  few   of  the    surgeons    of    the 

state  had  a  more  strenuous  and  withal  a 
more  interesting  experience  in  the  military 
service  of  their  country  during  the  world 
war  than  did  Dr.  Robert  Avery  Noble  of 
Bloomington.  He  was  engaged  in  active 
practice  of  his  profession  in  Bloomington 
when  the  United  States  became  engaged 
in  the  world  war,  and  within  a  few  weeks 
volunteered  his  services  with  the  medical 
department  of  the  army.  He  was  accepted 
and  sent  to  Fort  Benjamin  Harrison, 
where  after  the  preliminary  training  he 
was  commissioned  First  Lieutenant,  M.  C. 
His  first  assignment  was  to  base  hospital 
at  Camp  Sherman,  where  in  December, 
1917,  he  was  raised  to  the  rank  of  captain 
in  the  medical  corps.  In  May,  1918,  Capt. 
Noble  was  assigned  for  overseas  duty,  and 
sailed  with  a  contingent  of  the  American 
Expeditionary  Forces.  Arrived  in  France 
he  was  made  chief  of  the  surgical  service 
of  Evacuation  Hospital  No.  5.  This  was  in  June,  just  the  time  when 
the  great  German  drive,  the  last  struggle  of  Germany  to  overcome  the 
Allies,  was  at  its  height.  Capt.  Noble's  unit  was  attached  to  American 
divisions  serving  with  the  French  army  in  the  early  weeks  of  the  sum- 
mer. Their  first  service  was  in  the  Soissons  sector,  then  to  La  Ferte 
en  Tardinos,  the  months  of  June  and  July  being  spent  in  these  very 
active  sectors,  where  hundreds  of  wounded  men  were  passing  through 
the  hospital  every  day.  In  the  early  part  of  July,  the  unit  was  sent 
to  Chateau  Thierry,  and  then  back  to  the  Soissons  region  for  the  latter 
part  of  July  and  part  of  August.  Being  then  transferred  to  the  medical 
department  of  the  first  ail-American  army  under  Gen.  Pershing,  Capt. 
Noble  was  with  one  of  the  hospitals  caring  for  the  wounded  during  that 
historic  St.  Mihiel  drive  of  September,  1918.  Then  followed  the  memo- 
rable struggle  of  the  Argonne,  and  later  he  was  transferred  to  the  forces 
in  the  Champagne  district.  Before  the  end  of  the  war  came,  Capt.  Noble 
had  been  assigned  to  a  base  hospital  at  Rouillers,  Belgium,  where  he 
was  in  charge  with  the  rank  of  Major.  From  February,  1919,  he  was 
with  the  American  base  hospital  at  Staden,  Belgium.  He  was  honorably 
discharged  in  June.  1919,  with  the  rank  of  major  M.  C.  During  his  ser- 
vice in  the  army,  Dr.  Noble's  hospitals  units  took  care  of  37,000  wounded 
or  sick  men,  and  performed  10,000  operations.  Soon  after  his  discharge, 
Dr.  Noble  returned  to  Bloomington  and  resumed  the  practice  of  his  pro- 
fession, with  office  at  214  East  Washington  street. 

DR.   O.  M.  THOMPSON 

Of  the  McLean  County  physicians  in  the  service,  outside  of  Bloom- 
ington and  Normal,  Dr.  O.  M.  Thompson  of  LeRoy  was  honored  by  elec- 
tion to  the  post  of  First  Commander  of  Ruel  Neal  Post  No.  79,  that 
city,  December,  1919.  He  served  on  local  Exemption.  Board  No.  1  Mc- 
Lean County,  as  Medical  Examiner  from  beginning  until  he  resigned 
April  1,  1918,  to  assume  active  duty  in  the  U.  S.  Army.  He  enlisted  in 
Medical  Corps,  U.  S.  Army  in  August,  1917.  He  was  commissioned  1st 
Lieutenant,  Medical  Corps,  September  28th,  1917.  He  was  called  to 
active  duty  April  8th,  1918  and  reported  to  Camp  Riley,  Kansas,  M.  O. 
T.  C.  on  that  date,  was  in  Co.  31  until  June  26th,  1918.  Ordered  to  Camp 
Lewis  American  Lake  State  of  Washington,  he  was  assigned  to  Infirmary 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 221 

No.  8,  166  Depot  Brigade.  Relieved  from  duty  there  and  transferred  to 
13th  Division,  August  8th,  1918.  Assigned  to  13th  Sanitary  train,  Am- 
bulance Company  No.  249.  He  was  in  charge  of  the  Influenza  ward  at 
the  Base  Hospital  during  the  Flu  epidemic.  He  received  his  honorable 
discharge  on  January  8th,  1919,  and  then  resumed  his  practice  in  LeEoy. 

DR.   WATSON  W.  GAILEY 

Dr.  Watson  W.  Gailey  of  Bloomington  was  one  of  the  doctors  of  this 
county  who  carried  out  a  highly  responsible  work  in  the  war,  in  spite  of 
the  fact  that  he  was  never  called  across  the  seas.  In  the  summer  of  1917 
he  enlisted  for  the  medical  reserve  corps,  and  in  August  was  called  to  active 
service  with  the  rank  of  first  lieutenant,  medical  reserve  corps,  U.  S.  A.  His 
first  assignment  was  to  the  office  of  the  surgeon  general  at  Washington, 
where  he  spent  one  month.  From  that  place  he  was  sent  to  investigate  the 


sight  and  hearing  requirements  for  various  occupations,  this  being  pre- 
liminary to  his  work  in  connection  with  the  employment  of  disabled  soldiers 
after  their  return  to  this  country.  This  assignment  required  strenuous  duty 
at  Mineola,  Long  Island,  flying  station,  at  Ft.  Wood,  Ft.  Slocum  and  at 
Hoboken.  The  report  of  these  investigations  was  sent  to  a  committee  of 
congress. 

In  April,  1918,  Dr.  Gailey  was  sent  to  the  U.  S.  A.  general  hospital 
No.  9  at  Lakewood,  New  Jersey.  He  spent  three  months  of  hard  service 
in  eye  clinics.  In  June  of  that  year  he  was  assigned  as  chief  of  the  head 
section  of  surgery  in  this  hospital.  He  continued  in  that  capacity  until  he 
was  finally  discharged  from  the  military  service.  The  work  was  most  in- 
teresting, being  designed  to  restore  so  far  as  possible  the  normal  use  of 
functions  of  the  head  which  had  been  partially  destroyed  by  wounds  in 
battle.  The  hospital  handled  thousands  of  such  cases,  and  some  of  the  re- 
construction work  accomplished  was  marvelous  in  its  skill  and  results.  Dr. 
Gailey  was  commissioned  a  captain  of  the  medical  corps  in  September,  1918. 
He  received  his  discharge  about  the  middle  of  1919,  immediately  thereafter 
resuming  his  practice  in  suite  617-621  Griesheim  Bldg.,  Bloomington,  as 
oculist  and  aurist.  He  was  one  of  the  many  physicians  who  made  heavy 
financial  sacrifices  as  a  result  of  his  patriotism. 


222 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


MAJOR  A.  E.  ROGERS 

To  win  the  commission  of  major  was  the 
distinction  of  Dr.  A.  E.  Rogers  of  Blooming- 
ton.  He  entered  the  service  November  15, 
1917,  was  commissioned  First  Lieutenant 
and  sent  to  Fort  Riley  where  he  trained  for 
three  months  in  the  officers  training  camp, 
then  enrolling  at  Cornell  university  for  in- 
struction in  Roentgenology.  After  his  com- 
plete course  there  and  in  different  hospitals, 
he  was  assigned  to  Evac.  Hospital  16  at 
Camp  Meade  and  promoted  to  captain.  He 
was  ordered  overseas  August  19,  1918,  on  the 
Leviathan  landing  at  Brest,  France,  and 
proceeding  to  Bazoilles,  near  Neufchateau 
where  he  was  assigned  to  take  care  of  the 
wounded  coming  in  from  the  St.  Mihiel  drive.  Train  loads  also  came  in 
from  the  Argonne  drive  of  47  days.  October  1,  1918,  Dr.  Rogers  moved  up 
close  to  the  battle  front  and  took  charge  of  an  old  French  hospital 
abandoned  by  the  Germans  at  Revigney  near  Barle  Due.  After  four 
months  of  strenuous  duty  in  caring  for  the  wounded  and  also  many  cases 
of  influenza,  Dr.  Rogers  was  ordered  to  follow  the  Army  cf  Occupation 
into  Germany,  reaching  there  February  1,  1919.  One  month  was  spent 
at  Treves  and  then  he  moved  to  Coblenz  to  take  charge  of  a  large 
hospital  there.  The  work  was  easily  handled  and  living  much  more 
comfortable  in  this  finely  equipped  structure,  compared  to  the  temporary 
quarters  during  the  fighting  in  France.  Dr.  Rogers  also  was  given  som^ 
leisure  and  he  took  advantage  of  this  to  make  several  sightseeing  trips 
up  and  down  the  famous  Rhine  and  also  to  explore  the  large  German 
citadel  of  Ehrembreitstim.  April  10,  1919,  Dr.  Rogers  received  orders 
to  return  home  as  casual  officer  and  returned  via  Paris,  Marseilles,  and 
Gibraltar,  arriving  in  New  York  May  10,  1919,  proceeding  to  Camp  Dix, 
New  Jersey,  where  he  was  commissioned  Major  and  given  his  discharge 
June  9,  1919.  On  the  way  home  he  inspected  Walter  Reed  hospitals  in 
Washington  and  Fort  Sheridan  and  was  enabled  to  see  how  well  the 
government  was  taking  care  of  the  sick  and  wounded.  Dr.  Rogers  then 
resumed  the  practice  of  medicine  and  surgery  with  offices  on  the  sixth 
floor  of  the  Griesheim  Bldg.,  Bloomington. 

MAJOR  MARSHALL  WALLIS 

One  of  the  first  of  the  McLean  County 
physicians  to  respond  to  the  call  to  service 
was  Dr.  Marshall  Wallis  of  Normal,  going 
to  Fort  Benjamin  Harrison  September  25, 

1917,  and  thence  to  the  Massachusetts  Gen- 
eral Hospital  at  Boston  to  take  a  course  of 
instruction  in  fractures  and  dislocations  un- 
der Dr.  Charles  L.  Scudder.    Thence  he  went 
to  New  York  City  to  take  a  course  in  Carrel- 
Dakin   treatment   of  infected  wounds  at  the 
Rockefeller  Foundation.    December  25,  1917, 
he   was   ordered   to   the   Base    Hospital     at 
Camp   Lee,   Va.;    next   to   the   Embarkation 
Hospital  at  Camp  Stewart,  Newport  News, 
serving     as     executive     officer    there    from 
March  20,  1918,  until  his  discharge  July  15, 
1919,  the  appointment  being  a  notable  trib- 
ute to  the  incumbent.     Dr.  Wallis  was  com- 
missioned lieutenant  June  8,  1917;  captain, 
December   6,   1917,   and   major    August    22, 

1918.  Upon  his  return  from  the  service,  he  has  resumed  the  practice  of 
medicine  and  surgery  at  Normal. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 


223 


DR.   F.   C.   VANDERVORT 

Of  the  many  members  of  the  community 
who  performed  their  duty  at  the  "home 
front,"  one  of  the  most  important  because 
of  the  unique  place  he  occupied,  was  Dr. 
Franklin  C.  Vandervort,  who  was  named 
to  the  position  of  physician  to  the  Student 
Army  Training  Corps  at  the  "Wesleyan  Uni- 
versity, which  was  formed  in  the  fall  of 
1918.  There  were  some  300  young  men 
enrolled  in  this  organization.  Dr.  Vander- 
vort was  selected  to  represent  the  govern- 
ment in  the  important  work  of  physical 
examinations  and  treatment  of  the  sick  or 
injured  of  the  young  men,  because  of  his 
experience  and  skill  in  other  lines  of  sur- 
gical and  medical  practice.  For  many 
years  he  had  been  the  resident  surgeon  for 
the  Illinois  Central  in  Bloomington,  and 
had  served  as  county  physician  and  en- 
gaged in  general  practice  among  a  large 
clientelle  in  this  city.  His  work  as  ex- 
amining physician  for  the  S.  A.  T.  C.  was  strenuous  enough  for  several 
months.  First  was  the  examinations  when  the  men  were  inducted  into 
the  service.  The  physical  tests  were  rigidly  laid  down,  and  each  student 
was  put  thru  the  paces  and  his  report  testified  to  by  the  doctor,  much 
the  same  as  if  he  were  going  into  one  of  the  regular  army  camps.  The 
Student  Corps  was  hardly  well  organized  when  the  epidemic  of  influenza 
struck  the  community,  and  this  brought  an  unexpected  and  startling 
amount  and  variety  of  duty.  An  emergency  hospital  was  opened  at  the 
home  of  Mrs.  M.  T.  Scott,  and  the  students  taken  with  the  disease,  were 
quartered  there.  Scores  of  them  were  taken  care  of,  and  only  one  death 
occurred  among  them.  But  it  was  a  strenuous  two  months  which  the 
student  doctor  passed  before  the  subsiding  of  the  epidemic.  When  the 
corps  was  to  be  mustered  out,  again  the  doctor's  services  were  called  into 
requisition,  and  not  until  the  final  discharge  of  the  young  men  was  made 
out  did  the  close  of  Dr.  Vandervort 's  work  come  in  sight.  It  had  been 
carried  on  without  ostentation  and  with  little  public  notice,  but  it  was 
faithfully  and  efficiently  done. 


DR.  LAWRENCE  L.  IRWIN 

Of  the  McLean  County  physicians  and  sur- 
geons who  so  cheerfully  tendered  their  ser- 
vices when  war  was  declared,  Dr.  Lawrence 
L.  Irwin  who  has  a  suite  of  offices  No.  504, 
Griesheim  Building,  Bloomington,  was  un- 
fortunate or  fortunate,  whichever  way  one 
may  look  at  it,  in  not  being  called  into  active 
service.  He  was  examined  September  1, 
1918,  in  Chicago  and  assigned  to  duty  at  Fort 
Ogk'thorpe,  but,  due  to  the  heavy  movement 
of  troops  abroad  at  that  time  and  the  sign- 
ing of  the  armistice  soon  afterwards,  he  was 
not  called.  He  receives  equal  credit,  how- 
ever, with  those  who  were  called  and  his 
name  is  carried  on  the  honor  roll  of  the 
McLean  County  Medical  Society. 


224 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


DR.   FRED   J.   BRIAN 

When  the  call  came  for  physicians  and 
surgeons,  Dr.  Fred  J.  Brian  of  Blooming- 
ton  was  among  the  first  to  tender  his  ser- 
vices. He  enlisted  August  2,  1918,  and 
was  ordered  to  report  on  August  30.  His 
first  assignment  to  duty  was  at  Camp 
Greenleaf,  Chattanooga,  Tenn.  He  was 
then  assigned  to  a  six  weeks  Post-Grad- 
uate course  at  the  University  of  Chatta- 
nooga. He  was  next  assigned  to  Camp 
Crane  at  Allentown,  Penn.,  and  was  com- 
missioned Captain.  Captain  Brian  put  in 
several  months  of  strenuous  duty  at  the 
Base  Hospital  at  Camp  Crane  and  was 
kept  on  detail  for  a  month  after  the 
Armistice.  Conditions  then  became  such 
that  he  could  be  spared  and  he  was  given 
his  discharge  on  December  12,  1918.  He 
greatly  enjoyed  his  period  of  service  in 
the  army,  despite  the  heavy  demands  upon 
his  time  and  energy.  He  then  resumed  his 

practice  in  Bloomington  and  also  his  post  of  surgeon  for  the  Chicago 
and  Alton  railway,  his  suite  of  offices  being  on  the  third  floor  of  the 
Eddy  building. 


CAPT.  THOMAS  D.  CANTRELL 

Commissioned  June  20,  1917,  Dr.  Thomas 
D.  Cantrell  of  Bloomington,  immediately 
took  up  his  duties  as  a  member  of  the  Na- 
tional Medical  Defense  Committee,  was  or- 
dered to  Chicago  October  15,  1917,  for  the 
Military  school  of  Roentgenology,  entering 
the  Fort  Eiley  Medical  Officers  Training 
Camp  December  28,  passing  the  final  exami- 
nation and  qualifying  as  Military  Roent- 
genologist,  seeing  service  at  Fort  Snelling, 
and  Camp  Dodge,  going  to  Liverpool  July 
10,  with  Base  Hospital  No.  11,  and  reaching 
Nantes,  France,  where  he  saw  strenuous 
duty  as  Roentgenologist  until  January  1, 
1919,  when  he  was  ordered  to  join  the  79th 
Division  at  Sally,  for  duty  with  Field  Hos- 
pital No.  315  with  304th  Sanitary  Train. 
February  1  he  was  ordered  to  Bordeaux  to 
convoy  patients  home.  He  sailed  on  the 
Antigone  in  command  of  174  men  March  12, 
and  was  discharged  at  Camp  Dix  March  28, 
1918,  concluding  a  strenuous  period  of  service  and  giving  him  an  ex- 
cellent idea  of  the  tremendous  extent  of  the  great  conflict  and  the  real 
horrors  of  war.  Capt.  Cantrell  since  his  return  from  Europe  has  been 
serving  as  Roentgenologist  at  the  Kelso  Sanitarium  at  Bloomington.  He 
was  fortunate  in  being  in  command  of  the  various  departments  to  which 
he  was  assigned  abroad,  the  greater  portion  of  the  time,  and  he  left 
the  army  with  rather  pleasant  recollections. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


225 


CAPT.  GILBERT  H.  GALFORD 

Dr.  Gilbert  H.  Galford  enlisted  May  1, 
1918,  in  the  medical  section  and  received 
an  order  to  report  for  duty  August  4,  1918, 
at  Camp  Greenleaf,  Chickamauga  Park, 
Ga.,  with  Co.  4  1st  Bn.,  later  Co.  24,  Bn. 
6  and  finally  was  made  captain  of  Co.  22 
Bn.  6,  taking  a  two  months  special  duty 
course  in  ear,  nose  and  throat  while  in 
camp.  On  October  2,  1918,  he  was  detailed 
for  special  duty  to  P.  H.  S.  at  Chattanooga 
to  combat  the  "Flu."  On  October  22, 
1918,  Capt.  Galford  was  ordered  to  the  air 
service  division  at  Champaign,  111.,  lectur- 
ing in  sanitation  and  hygiene  before  the 
ground  school  cadets  at  Morrow  Hall.  On 
November  17,  1918,  Capt.  Galford  was  or- 
dered to  Austin,  Texas,  having  charge  of 
122  men  at  that  post.  With  the  end  of 
the  war,  he  was  released  from  duty  re- 
ceiving his  discharge  December  20,  1918. 
He  was  recommended  for  promotion  No- 
vember 5,  1918,  but  it  was  held  up  until  March  14,  1919.  A  captain's 
commission  was  then  sent  to  him  and  accepted  and  he  was  assigned  to 
the  Reserve  Corps.  The  family  of  Capt.  Galford  accompanied  him  dur- 
ing his  period  of  service  at  the  various  camps.  Capt.  Galford  resumed 
his  practice  after  the  war,  his  office  being  on  third  floor  of  the  Unity 
Bldg.,  Bloomington. 


DR.  LESTER  B.  GAVINS 

Tendering  his  services  to  his  country 
July  22,  1918,  Dr.  Lester  B.  Cavins  re- 
ceived instructions  to  report  August  28th 
that  year  being  commissioned  Captain.  He 
left  Bloomington  September  4,  having  re- 
ceived orders  to  report  for  duty  at  Camp 
Greenleaf,  Chickamauga  Park,  Georgia. 
He  was  assigned  to  Company  16,  M.  O.  T. 
G.  and  in  addition  to  other  strenuous  duty 
incidental  to  such  a  huge  camp,  was  given 
much  specialization  work,  notably  in  the 
X-ray.  This  was  a  field  of  special  appeal 
to  Capt.  Cavins  and  he  was  kept  busy  in 
this  department.  An  army  hospital  always 
developes  much  that  is  new  and  unusual 
and  there  is  considerable  fascination  in 
the  duty  there,  bringing  as  it  does  a 
change  from  the  ordinary  practice  of  civil- 
ian life.  Dr.  Cavins  thoroughly  enjoyed 
his  four  months  of  service  for  his  country 
and  also  was  fortunate  in  enjoying  the 
best  of  health  while  living  in  the  city  of  the  white  tents  and  working 
under  strict  military  rules  and  regulations.  While  the  service  in  the 
field  hospital  was  strenuous,  yet  it  was  highly  agreeable.  With  the  end 
of  hostilities  the  hospital  at  Camp  Greenleaf  was  suspended,  the  major 


226 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


portion  of  the  physicians  and  surgeons  being  permitted  to  resume  their 
practice  at  home.  Capt.  Gavins  received  his  discharge  December  19, 
1918,  and  resumed  his  practice  in  Bloomington,  his  offices  being  suite 
704-6  Peoples  Bank  Bldg. 


DR.  EDMUND  A.  BEHEENDT 

Ordered  into  service  in  October, 
1918,  after  previously  notifying 
the  war  department  of  his  readi- 
ness to  go,  Dr.  Edmund  A.  Beh- 
rendt  was  sent  to  Fort  Eiley,  Kan- 
sas. He  was  commissioned  Lieu- 
tenant and  then  recommended  for 
a  Captaincy  but  the  war  ended 
before  the  parchment  was  filled 
out.  Dr.  Behrendt  put  in  several 
strenuous  months  and  then  with 
the  coming  of  peace,  resumed  his 
practice  with  offices  in  the  Peoples 
Bank  Bldg. 


Scene  at  the  Pantagraph  bulletin  board  during  the  war 


M cLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


227 


MEDICAL  GROUP 

Major  C.  B.  Sanderson- — upper  right. 

Lt.  E.  E.  Hermann — upper  left. 

Lt.  O.  M.  Thompson — center. 

Lt.   Asa  E.  Freeman — left   of  center. 

0:ipt.  W.   L.   Penniman — right  of  center. 

('apt.  Chas.  E.  Schultz— lower  left. 


228 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 


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M cLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAJl 


229 


MCLEAN  COUNTY  BAR  HONOR  ROLL 

the  call  to  the  colors  was  issued,  a  very  large  proportion  of 
tin1  members  of  the  McLean  County  Bar  responded,  the  honor  roll  being 
long  and  creditable.  In  addition  to  the  score  of  young  men  who  donned 
the  khaki  of  the  army  or  the  blue  of  the  navy,  the  elder  attorneys  be- 
came active  in  the  various  lines  of  war  work  which  remained  for  those 
who  could  not  leave.  Without  exception,  the  applications  from  widows 
and  mothers  of  the  soldiers  or  sailors  for  aid  in  the  preparation  of  legal 
papers,  allowances,  etc.,  and  in  locating  the  boys  abroad  or  in  distant 
camps  at  home,  was  given  attention  without  charge.  There  were  hun- 
dreds of  such  applications  involving  a  large  amount  of  tedious  work  and 
consuming  a  vast  amount  of  time.  The  lawyers  gladly  tendered  their 
services  in  -this  direction  and  their  co-operation  was  gratefully  re- 
ceived. In  every  other  activity,  in  the  purchase  of  Liberty  Bonds, 
Thrift  Stamps,  Bed  Cross  and  other  war  endeavor,  the  lawyers  were  in 
the  front  rank  and  made  a  notable  record  for  liberality  and  prompt  and 
generous  response  to  every  appeal.  The  war  officers  of  the  bar  associa- 
tion were  Judge  Homer  Hall,  president;  C.  B.  Hughes,  secretary,  and 
Charles  Kane,  treasurer.  The  list  of  members  of  the  bar  who  joined 
the  colors,  is  as  follows: 

Ralph  Heffernan  E.   A.  Donnelly 

Ralph  DeMange  Richard  O  'Connell 

Charles  Kane  Orville  Ross 

Thomas  Weldon  Harry  Riddle 

Roy  A.  Ramseyer  Martin  Callahan 

Dwight  Beal  Oscar  Hoose 

Ferre  Watkins  George  Butler 

lOdmund   Sutherland    (died  in   service) 
Frank  Jordan   (died  in  service) 

(Note)— A  sketch  and  picture  of  Lieut.  Harry  Riddle  will  be  found 
in  the  department  allotted  to  the  Aviators  and  Balloonists. 


ROY  A.   RAMSEYER 

Roy  A.  Ramseyer  was  inducted  into  the 
Army  May  16,  1918,  at  Bloomington,  and 
reached  Camp  Hancock,  Georgia,  one  week 
later.  First  assigned  to  Co.  G,  O.  S.  S. 
Third  Regiment,  he  was  transferred  to  a 
detachment  of  the  Military  Guard  section 
of  the  Fifth  Co.  Prov.  Ord.  Battalion  at 
Mays  Landing,  New  Jersey.  Faithful  ser- 
vice brought  him  rapid  promotion,  arriv- 
ing at  the  rank  of  sergeant  of  ordnance 
first  class  on  December  7,  1918.  He  re- 
ceived his  discharge  January  20,  1919,  and 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  at  Blooming- 
ton.  Born  and  reared  in  McLean  County, 
he  practiced  law  in  the  office  of  Fleming 
&  Pratt  October  1,  1916,  to  May  16,  1918, 
and  after  the  war,  joined  the  firm  of  Pratt, 
Heffernan  &  Ramseyer,  organized  June  1, 
1919,  with  offices  on  the  second  floor  of  the  Unity  Bldg.,  Bloomington. 


230 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


LIEUT.  RALPH  J.   HEFFERNAN 

One  of  the  very  first  to  enlist  when  war 

+  *  -  was  declared,  Ealph  J.  Heffernan  entered 

A  the  Officers  Training  Camp  at  Fort  Sheri- 

ff dan  April  13,  1917,  and  was  commissioned 

^HH  Becond  Lieutenant  August  13  of  that  year. 

^^5l*«^_^^  He  was   then   transferred  to  damp   Grant 

*t.    ^fe.    ^*****N*%fc  with   Company  B   of   the   311th   Ammuni- 

tion  Train.  On  December  12,  1917,  he 
.was  transferred  to  the  Motor  School  at 
Jacksonville,  Florida,  going  from  there  to 
Chicago  where  he  was  engaged  in  the  pur- 
chase of  motor  supplies  and  equipment. 
He  was  promoted  to  First  Lieutenant  in 
August,  1918,  while  at  Chicago  and  the 
next  day  was  ordered  overseas.  He  first 
went  to  Brest,  France  and  thence  to  the 
Fifth  Army  Corps  Artillery  Park.  He  re- 
mained there  hauling  ammunition  supplies 
until  the  signing  of  the  armistice.  He 
then  went  to  Bourgcs  as  adjutant  to  Lieut. 
Col.  Carson  and  was  engaged  in  adjusting 

claims  and  other  financial  matters  for  the  army.  He  was  ordered  home 
April  16,  1919,  arrived  at  Hobokcn,  May  2  and  was  discharged  at  Camp 
Dix,  May  4,  1919,  thence  resuming  the  practice  of  law,  with  offices  in 
suite  201-3  Unity  Building  and  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Pratt,  Heffer- 
nan and  Ramseyer. 


EDWARD    A.   DONNELLY 

Enlisting  August  14,  1917,  at  Springfield, 
Illinois,  in  the  field  hospital  unit  commanded  ? 
by  Lieut.  Col.  Otis,  Edward  A.  Donnelly  of 
Bloomington,  was  placed  in  active  service 
at  Fort  McPherson,  Ga.,  where  he  remained 
until  April  30,  1918,  sailing  from  New  York 
May  10  for  Liverpool,  being  on  duty  at 
various  debarkation  ports,  convoy  duty, 
etc.,  there  and  in  France,  seeing  strenuous 
duty  and  in  infinite  variety.  After  the  war 
ended  he  entered  the  University  of  Rcnnes 
in  France,  taking  advantage  of  the  govern- 
ments offer  to  its  young  soldiers,  and  his 
four  months  course  in  French  law  and  poli- 
tics, was  very  helpful  to  him,  in  his  chosen 
profession.  He  completed  his  course  July  jtjk 
1,  1919.  While  abroad  he  had  the  privilege 
of  participating  in  the  Army  and  also  the  ,?3|^ 
Athletic  contests  in  France  and  England 
and  Celtic  in  Scotland,  and  his  experience  as 
an  athlete  with  Illinois  Wesleyan  of  Bloom- 
ington, specializing  in  hurdle  jumping,  came  in  good  play  and  enabling 
him  to  make  a  creditable  showing  in  the  various  competitions.  This  ex- 
perience was  one  of  the  most  enjoyable  of  his  sojourn  abroad.  Mr.  Don- 
nelly received  his  discharge  from  the  service  in  July,  1919,  and  then 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  partnership  with  his  father,  E.  E.  Don- 
nelly, suite  302-3  Corn  Belt  Bank  Bldg.,  Bloomington. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


231 


RICHARD  M.  O'CONNELL 
Richard  M.  O'Connell  enlisted  in  the  Navy 
July  16,  1918,  and  was  called  soon  after- 
wards and  joined  the  training  school  for 
officers  at  Municipal  Pier,  Chicago.  He  put 
in  several  strenuous  months  preparing  for 
such  service  and  was  on  the  eve  of  being  or- 
dered East  for  sea  duty  when  the  armistice 
was  signed.  He  received  his  discharge  on 
December  7,  1918,  and  resumed  the  practice 
of  law,  being  a  member  of  the  firm  of  O'Cou- 
nell  &  Dolan  with  offices  in  the  fourth  floor 
of  the  Unity  building  in  Bloomington.  Mr. 
O.'Connell  is  married  and  has  been  practicing 
law  for  ten  years.  For  the  past  five  years 
he  has  been  Corporation  Counsel  for  the  City 
of  Bloomington. 


BIRNEY  F.  FLEMING 

Enlisted  May  8,  1917,  selecting  the  avia- 
tion section  as  his  line  of  service.  After 
leaving  Jefferson  Barracks  he  received  his 
first  training  at  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio, 
Texas,  becoming  a  member  of  the  llth 
Aero  Service  Squadron.  In  August  of  the 
same  year  he  was  sent  to  Belleville,  where 
his  organization  opened  in  the  flying  field 
latter  known  as  Scott  Field,  remaining 
there  until  December  when  orders  were  re- 
ceived to  move  to  New  York,  preparatory 
to  going  into  foreign  service.  He  sailed 
December  17,  1917,  for  Liverpool,  England, 
but  owing  to  submarine  blockade  landed 
at  Glasgow,  Scotland.  While  in  Great 
Britain,  he  received  training  at  Win- 
chester, Stanford,  and  Lincoln,  finally 
A,:  ^'-  reaching  Le  Havre,  France,  the  fore  part 

"*  ••    •  •      — • *-  *       of  August,    1!)1S.     Immediately  the  organi- 

zation,  to   which   he   was   a   member,    was 

assigned  to  patrol  duty  at  Mavages.  Moving  from  there  to  Amanty  in 
order  to  participate  in  the  St.  Mihiel  Drive  only  to  move  upon  the  com- 
pletion of  this  drive  to  Maulan  where  the  field  was  better  adapted  to 
bombing  purposes  and  at  the  same  time  closer  to  the  scene  of  action. 
With  this  place  as  headquarters  and  at  times  maintaining  relay  stations, 
they  operated  throughout  the  Argonne  Mouse  Drive  as  the  First  day 
Bombardment  Group,  their  objective  being  railway  terminals,  ammuni- 
tion and  ration  dumps. 

Sergeant  Fleming  was  made  a  corporal  in  the  United  States  and 
owing  to  his  creditable  work  while  in  foreign  service  was  promoted  to 
1st  class  Sergeant  with  the  Air  Mechanics  rating.  After  the  armistice 
his  squadron  went  to  Columbey  Lc  Belle  where  they  dismantled  and 
salvaged  planes  preparatory  to  shipment  back  home.  He  sailed  from 
Bordeaux  in  April  and  received  his  discharge  at  Camp  Grant  May  21, 
1919.  Aside  from  many  interesting  and  thrilling  experiences  he  was 
exceptionally  lucky  on  being  able  to  return  with  many  souvenirs  of 
the  great  war. 


232 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


OEVILLE  H.  EOSS 

Orville  H.  Ross  was  among  the  young 
lawyers  of  Bloomington  who  were  privi- 
leged to  reach  France.  Enlisting  June  24, 

1918,  he   was  assigned  to  Camp  Wheeler, 
Ga.,  joining  the  106th   Headquarters  Am- 
munition Train,  31st  Division.     He  sailed 
from  New  York  October   28,   1918,  reach- 
ing   Brest    November    9    and    then    spent 
three  months  at  Le  Havre.     He  was  given 
clerical  duty  there  and  also  at  other  points. 
The  war  ending,  he  entered  the  University 
of  Poitiers,  taking  the  four  month  course 
in  French   law   and   literature   and   found 
this  training  of  great  value  to  him  in  his 
chosen  profession.    He  saw  a  large  amount 
of   territory   in   his   years   sojourn   abroad 
and   greatly   enjoyed   his   experience  as   a 
soldier.     Sailing  from  St.  Nazaire  in  July, 

1919,  he  welcomed  the  Statue  of  Liberty 
upon  reaching  New  York  harbor  and  then 

entrained  for  Camp  Grant  where  he  was  discharged  July  .31,  immediately 
thereafter  resuming  the  practice  of  law,  his  offices  being  in  suite  301-2 
Peoples  Bank  Bldg.,  Bloomington. 

THOMAS  S.  WELD  ON 

At  the  outbreak  of  the  war,  Thomas  S. 
Weldon  was  a  practicing  attorney,  being 
associated  with  the  firm  of  DeMange,  Gil- 
lespie  &  DeMange.  He  was  inducted  into 
the  army  of  Uncle  Sam  June  28,  1918,  and 
was  assigned  to  the  Quartermasters  Corps 
and  with  headquarters  at  Camp  Kearney, 
California.  He  later  applied  for  admis- 
sion to  the  Officers  Training  Camp  for  In- 
fantry at  Camp  Fremont,  California,  and 
was  accepted,  being  ordered  to  report  at 
Camp  Fremont  November  25,  1918,  but 
this  department  was  abolished  after  the 
signing  of  the  armistice  on  November  11, 
1918.  However,  he  continued  in  the  ser- 
vice until  March  11,  1919,  when  he  re- 
ceived his  discharge  and  returned  to 
Bloomington  to  resume  the  practice  of  law 
and  opening  up  an  office  of  his  own  at 
suite  506  Livingston  Building,  Bloom- 
ington. 


SUPPOETED  TWENTY-ONE  OEPHANS 

Letitia  Green  Stevenson  chapter  of  the  Daughters  of  the  American 
Revolution,  contributed  during  the  war  funds  for  the  support  of  twenty- 
one  French  war  orphans,  it  being  estimated  that  the  care  of  one  orphan 
for  a  year  cost  $36.  The  chapter  also  contributed  liberally  to  the  national 
fund  of  the  organization  for  the  restoration  of  the  French  town  of 
Tilloloy,  one  of  the  towns  in  the  devastated  district. 


233 


LIEUT.  CHARLES  P.  KANE 

Charles  P.  Kane  left  Bloomington  for 
Camp  Wheeler,  Georgia,  in  June,  1918.  He 
remained  in  the  Second  Provisional  Regi- 
ment for  one  month  and  was  then  assigned 
to  the  106th  trains  Headquarters.  He  was 
then  transferred  on  September  8,  1918,  to 
Camp  Taylor,  Kentucky,  where  he  entered 
the  Field  Artillery  Officers  Training  school, 
being  commissioned  second  lieutenant  De- 
cember 17,  1918,  following  a  strenuous  tour 
of  duty  in  which  the  candidate  acquitted 
himself  with  credit.  The  armistice  hav- 
ing been  signed,  the  officers  training 
camp  was  abolished  and  Lieut.  Kane  was 
assigned  to  the  reserve  for  inactive  duty 
on  December  18,  1918.  He  then  returned 
to  Bloomington  and  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  as  member  of  the  McLean  County 
bar  and  with  offices  in  suite  501-2,  the 
Griesheim  building,  Bloomington. 


CAPT.  GEORGE  BUTLER 

George  Butler  added  lustre  to  the  record 
of  the  McLean  County  bar,  winning  a  cap- 
taincy, being  wounded  by  a  machine  gun 
bullet,  and  participating  in  the  Cantigney, 
St.  Mihiel,  Meuse  Argonne,  and  Novon 
Montdidier  engagements.  He  was  also 
gassed.  Formerly  practicing  law  in  Bloom- 
ington and  Leroy,  he  later  joined  the 
Farmers  Trust  Co.  of  Indianapolis,  en- 
tered the  Fort  Benjamin  Harrison  train- 
ing camp  August  15,  1917,  won  a  com- 
mission and  sailed  for  France  October  31, 
1917.  He  was  company  commander  most 
of  the  time  in  France  and  his  record  was 
a  gallant  one,  receiving  four  citations  for 
conspicuous  bravery,  two  coming  from 
Gen.  Pershing.  He  was  assigned  to  the 
28th  Infantry  soon  after  reaching  France. 
After  the  war  was  over,  he  went  to  Ger- 
many with  the  Army  of  Occupation,  being 
released  and  ordered  home  in  the  fall  of 

1919,  proceeding  to  Camp  Taylor  to  await  his  discharge  in  the  spring 

of  1920. 


CALF   SELLS  FOR  $20,500 

At  the  annual  sale  in  Chicago  of  the  American  Guernsey  Cattle 
Club  on  May  16,  1918,  a  cow  consigned  from  Drew  Ten  Brook  of  McLean 
sold  for  $1,000.  The  cow  had  dropped  a  calf  only  three  days  before, 
and  this  animal  was  put  up  at  the  auction  and  sold  and  resold  until  it 
brought  a  total  of  $20,500,  which  sum  was  donated  to  the  Red  Cross 
according  to  announcement  made  before  the  sale  began.  The  calf 
finally  became  the  property  of  a  man  near  Chicago. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


MARTIN   CALLAHAN 


Martin  Callahan  was  a  candidate  for  a  commission  at  the  First  Offi- 
cers Training  Camp  at  Fort  Sheridan  and  was  also  on  duty  at  Fort 
Wright,  New  York.  He  was  imable  to  realize  his  ambition  to  go  over- 
seas and  returned  to  Bloomington  when  the  war  was  over  to  resume  his 
profession,  with  office  in  the  Griesheim  building,  Bloomington. 


CHAPLAINS  FROM  McLEAN 
COUNTY 

Quite  a  group  of  chaplains  were 
contributed  by  McLean  county.  Of 
these  Eev.  William  Blake  Hindman, 
pastor  of  the  Second  Presbyterian 
church  of  Bloomington  was  with  the 
regular  army  at  Camp  Taylor;  Rev. 
H.  Russell  Brown,  pastor  of  the 
Presbyterian  church  of  Leroy,  was 
at  Camp  Sherman;  Rev.  Paul 
Turner,  pastor  of  the  Presbyterian 
church  of  Heyworth,  was  with  the 
army  in  France;  Rev.  F.  L.  Moore 
of  the  Christian  church  of  Lexing- 
ton, was  with  the  army  in  France; 
Rev.  E.  K.  Masterson  of  the  Chris- 
tian church  of  Normal,  also  was 
with  the  army  in  France;  while  Rev. 
Frank  M.  Harry,  formerly  pastor  of 
the  Park  Methodist  church,  was  en- 
in  Y.  M.  C.  A.  work  in  France. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


235 


HON.   JOHN   A.   STERLING'S  WORK  IN  WAR 

When  the  war  history  of  McLean 
county  is  written,  always  one  of 
the  heroic  figures  in  that  chronicle 
will  be  Hon.  John  A.  Sterling,  Con- 
gressman from  the  Seventeenth 
Illinois  district  during  the  first 
year  and  a  half  of  America's  par- 
ticipation. His  death  occurred  in 
a  tragic  manner  only  three  weeks 
before  the  signing  of  the  armistice 
had  crowned  with  victory  the 
struggle  he  had  helped  to  inaugu- 
rate. In  his  official  capacity  as 
a  member  of  the  house,  Mr.  Ster- 
ling had  cast  his  vote  for  a  dec- 
laration of  war  against  Germany 
in  April,  1917.  His  reasons  for 
supporting  the  resolution  making 
such  a  declaration  were  expressed 
in  a  speech  which  he  made  in  the 
house,  in  which  he  said  in  part: 

"In  all  the  history  of  our  re- 
public, we  do  not  find  recorded  so 
plain  a  cause  for  war  as  we  find 
in  the  events  which  have  happened 
on  the  seas  in  recent  months.  They 
have  sunk  our  ships  and  destroyed 
the  lives  of  American  citizens,  the 
greatest  offense  that  may  be  com- 
mitted by  one  nation  against  an- 
other, and  an  offense  which,  if 
borne  without  resistance  must 
speedily  result  in  the  ignoble  ex- 
tinction of  the  nation  which  suf- 
fers it  to  be  done.  A  nation  which 
will  not  protect  the  lives  of  its 
people  cannot  and  is  not  worthy 
to  endure.  ***  The  assault  on  these 
shifts  was  as  much  an  act  of  war 
as  if  Germany  had  landed  an 
armed  force  on  our  shores  and 
burned  our  cities  and  destroyed 
our  citizens.  Germany  has  made 
war  on  us.  When  we  reach  that 
inevitable  conclusion,  what  must 
we  say  as  to  the  second  question 
involved  in  this  resolution?  Shall 
we  resist?  Shall  we  make  war 
against  war?  ***  When  the  Ameri- 
can people  by  the  logic  of  events  know  that  they  have  been  assailed,  they 
answer,  'We  will  resist.'  Let  us  say  by  the  passage  of  this  resolution 
the  plain  and  simple  truth,  that  Germany  has  made  war  on  us,  and  that 
America  will  resist." 

John  Allan  Sterling  was  born  on  a  farm  near  Leroy  February  1, 
1857,  was  educated  in  the  schools  of  that  neighborhood  and  graduated 
from  Wesleyan  university  in  1881.  He  taught  school  for  a  time  and 
was  superintendent  at  Lexington  two  years.  In  1884  he  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  and  formed  a  partnership  with  Sain  Welty  which  lasted  until 


• 


236  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

the  latter  was  elected  judge.  In  1892  Mr.  Sterling  was  elected  state's 
attorney*  and  served  four  years.  He  was  chairman  of  the  republican 
county  central  committee.  Mr.  Sterling  was  elected  to  congress  first 
in  1902,  and  was  continuously  re-elected  in  each  two  years  except  the 
Sixty-third  congress.  He  was  married  to  Miss  Clara  M.  Irons,  who  sur- 
vived, with  three  children,  Frank  H.,  Charlotte  A.  and  Horace  N.  Mr. 
Sterling  came  to  his  death  in  an  automobile  accident  on  October  17, 
1918,  when  a  car  in  which  he  and  some  friends  were  riding  was  over- 
turned at  a  sharp  turn  on  the  road  near  Pontiac.  Mr.  Sterling's  funeral 
was  attended  by  a  distinguished  body  of  members  of  congress  and  other 
prominent  figures  in  public  life. 


CHRISTIAN   SCIENCE  WAR  RELIEF  WORK 

Shortly  after  the  entrance  of  the  United  States  into  the  World  War, 
the  Christian  Scientists  organized  for  assisting  in  war  relief  work.  The 
organization  was  planned  by  the  board  of  directors  of  The  Mother 
Church,  The  First  Church  of  Christ,  Scientist,  Boston,  Massachusetts. 
State  committees  were  appointed  to  carry  out  the  details  of  the  work 
in  the  various  states.  The  local  church  at  Bloomington,  Illinois,  co- 
operated with  Illinois  committee  whose  headquarters  were  in  Chicago. 
All  funds  raised  for  the  promotion  of  the  work  were  forwarded  to  the 
Mother  Church  for  distribution,  as  war  activities  were  numerous  in  some 
states,  especially  in  the  South,  wThile  few  or  no  army  organizations  were 
operating  in  other  states. 

The  work  of  the  Christian  Scientists  was  carried  on  both  at  home 
and  abroad.  War  relief  workers  were  assigned  to  all  of  the  various 
camps  in  the  United  States.  Permission  was  granted  to  place  Christian 
Science  books  and  periodicals  in  the  Eeading  Rooms  and  libraries  of 
the  various  camps.  The  Christian  Science  Daily  Monitor  was  especially 
appreciated.  Individual  subscriptions  were  given  to  all  officers  and 
men  who  requested  it.  Many  thousands  of  copies  were  distributed  daily. 
Its  excellent  news  service  and  its  able  editorials  gave  the  information 
most  desired  by  the  men  concerning  the  war  in  its  daily  progress  on 
the  battlefields  and  in  the  camps. 

Delegates  from  the  local  church  attended  conventions  held  at  Chi- 
cago, thus  enabling  the  work  at  Bloomington  to  be  organized  along  the 
best  possible  lines.  The  interest  of  the  Scientists  of  this  community 
is  indicated  by  the  fact  that  contributions  to  the  war  relief  fund  to  the 
amount  of  $1297.62  were  forwarded  to  the  Mother  Church  during  the 
period  of  the  war.  This  was  a  portion  of  the  general  fund  of  many 
hundreds  of  thousands  of  dollars  disbursed  by  the  Christian  Science 
Church  in  war  relief  work. 

The  Christian  Science  Publishing  Society,  recognizing  the  need  for 
copies  of  the  Bible,  of  the  Christian  Science  Text  Book,  "Science  and 
Health  with  Key  to  the  Scriptures,"  by  Mary  Baker  Eddy,  and  selec- 
tions of  songs  especially  suited  to  male  voices,  in  compact  form,  pub- 
lished vest  pocket  editions  of  the  Bible,  Science  and  Health  and  a  se- 
lection of  Christian  Science  hymns,  for  use  by  the  soldiers.  Any  officer 
or  soldier  requesting  one  or  more  of  these  publications  received  them 
without  charge.  Members  of  the  local  church  were  instrumental  in  plac- 
ing a  number  of  copies  of  these  publications  in  the  hands  of  soldiers 
who  appreciated  them. 

The  War  Relief  worker  assigned  to  a  camp  was  granted  the  privi- 
lege of  free  entrance  with  his  automobile  at  any  time  of  the  day.  He 
was  ready  to  receive  requests  from  soldiers  for  any  assistance  that  he 
might  lend.  Under  his  guidance  soldiers  organized  in  many  camps  for 
the  conduct  of  Christian  Science  services  on  Sunday  and  on  Wednesday 
evening. 

Many  men  and  women   in  American  uniform  attended  the  regular 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


237 


services  of  First  Church  of  Christ,  Scientist,  in  Paris,  where  a  Sunday 
morning  service  was  conducted  at  10  o'clock  in  French,  and  the  same 
service  in  English  at  11  o'clock.  At  the  Wednesday  evening  meetings, 
testimonies  were  given  in  both  French  and  English. 

Beading  rooms  with  writing  fa- 
cilities were  established  in  many 
camps  at  home  and  abroad.  One 
of  these  Reading  Booms  at  the 
great  Army  School  at  Langres, 
France,  was  in  charge  of  Mrs. 
Anna  M.  Campbell,  a  member  of 
the  local  Christian  Science  Asso- 
ciation, formerly  a  citizen  of 
Bloomington.  She  fitted  up  a 
large  room,  nicely  decorated  and 
well  furnished,  comfortable  chairs, 
good  writing  materials,  and  sup- 
plied with  Christian  Science  litera- 
ture which  were  used  and  appre- 
ciated by  hundreds  of  officers  and 
men.  Sunday  afternoon  meetings 
were  attended  by  more  than  forty 
men  on  many  occasions,  and  hun- 
dreds of  men  attended  the  Sunday 
evening  receptions  given  by  Mrs. 
Campbell  at  one  of  the  wealthy 
French  homes  of  the  city.  A  gen- 
eral of  the  American  Army  was 
frequently  in  attendance  at  these 
receptions.  A  part  of  Mrs.  Camp- 
bell's work  was  to  give  Chris- 
tian Science  treatments,  without 
charge,  to  all  who  asked  for  them. 
At  the  Christian  Science  meetings, 
frequent  testimony  was  given  of  the  practical  service  of  Christian 
Science  to  the  soldier  on  the  field  of  battle. 

A  Christian  Science  reading  room  at  Paris  was  always  well  patron- 
ized. Here,  during  the  war,  three  Christian  Science  practitioners  were 
stationed  for  calls  at  any  time.  During  the  heavy  fighting  from  July 
to  November,  1918,  these  practitioners  received  hundreds  of  calls  for 
assistance  from  soldiers  calling  in  person,  or  requesting  aid  by  tele- 
graph, telephone  or  by  letter.  It  was  no  uncommon  occurrence  for  each 
of  these  practitioners  to  have  30  or  more  calls  in  a  single  day,  and  one 
of  these  received  47  calls  in  one  day.  Numerous  reports  gave  evidence 
of  the  efficiency  of  Christian  Science  during  these  trying  months. 

Special  war  relief  was  carried  on  in  Illinois  at  Camp  Grant  at  Bock- 
ford,  at  Great  Lakes  Naval  Training  Station,  at  Chanute  Aviation  Field 
at  Bantoul,  and  at  Scott  Aviation  Field  at  Belleville.  The  local  Christian 
Science  Church  had  its  share  in  all  these  activities  through  its  contribu- 
tions to  the  general  work  of  the  Mother  Church. 

COMFOETS  FOBWABDING  COMMITTEE 

Another  phase  of  the  Christian  Science  work  is  evidenced  by  the 
Comforts  Forwarding  Committee.  This  activity  was  directed  by  a  cen- 
tral committee  at  Bor.ton.  The  local  committees  were  organized  by 
Christian  Scientists  in  the  various  communities  throughout  the  country. 
Those  committees  made  various  articles  for  the  comfort  of  the  soldiers 
and  forwarded  them  to  Boston  from  where  they  were  distributed  to 
the  various  camps.  Soldiers  and  war  workers,  going  overseas,  were 
supplied  on  request  with  useful  articles  by  the  distributing  committees 


Mrs.  Anna  M.  Campbell 


238 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


at  the  embarkation  ports.  At  New  York  a  special  effort  was  made  to 
provide  Y.  M.  C.  A.  workers  with  abundant  materials  for  their  work 
abroad.  Notices  were  posted  at  hotels  where  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Secretaries 
were  awaiting  sailing  orders,  calling  attention  to  the  fact  that  sup- 
plies might  be  had  from  the  distributing  committee  near  by.  Large 
numbers  took  advantage  of  this  generous  offer. 

The  Comforts  Forwarding  Committee  of  Bloomington,  Illinois,  had 
for  its  headquarters  Eoom  627  Griesheim  Building.  Funds  for  yarn, 
cloth  and  other  materials  were  donated  by  members  and  friends  of  the 
local  church,  who  also  donated  the  necessary  labor.  The  amount  con- 
tributed for  this  purpose  was  $634.13.  This  committee  of  Bloomington 
sent  the  following  articles:  320  pair  socks,  30  sweaters,  47  pairs  wristlets, 
581  new  garments,  129  made-over  garments,  13  large  quilts,  9  helmets, 
15  other  articles,  making  a  total  of  1153  articles.  In  addition  to  the 
work  above  mentioned,  the  Christian  Scientists  of  Bloomington  con- 
tributed generously  to  the  war  relief  work  of  the  Red  Cross,  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
and  other  civilian  organizations. 

The  families  of  the  local  Christian  Science  Church  contributed  not 
only  money  and  articles  of  comfort  for  soldiers,  but  they  also  furnished 
men  for  active  prosecution  of  the  war.  These  families  were  represented 
by  at  least  12  men.  These  include  officers  in  the  army,  enlisted  men  in 
the  artillery,  infantry,  navy  and  S.  A.  T.  C.  One,  Prof.  Ridgley,  en- 
listed for  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Educational  work  and  was  later  transferred  to 
the  Army  Educational  Corps. 


Top  row  (left  to  right) — Elroy  McNier,  Guy  Million,  Harry  Matthews,  Vernon  Moore, 
Thomas  McMillan. 

Second  row — Jack  Million,  Otis  Musselman,  Alpha  E.  Moore,  Roy  F.  Mitchell,  Ray- 
mond H.  Mortimer. 

Third    row — Earl    Mahaffey,    DeWitt   P.    Miller,    Thomas    Martin. 

Fourth  row — Jesse  Mitchell,   Harry  L.  Mitchell.     Above — Raymond  Merger. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 239 

WAR-TIME   CONTROL   OF  FUEL  SUPPLIES 

In  the  summer  of  1917,  the  government  clearly  saw  that  the  prob- 
lem, of  the  nation's  fuel  supply  was  to  be  one  of  the  big  ones.  On 
October  31,  1917,  the  fuel  committee  for  McLean  county  was  appointed 
by  J.  E.  Williams,  federal  fuel  administrator  for  Illinois.  This  com- 
mittee began  work  November  1,  being  one  of  the  first  organized  in  the 
state.  The  personnel  was  Mayor  E.  E.  Jones,  chairman;  Spencer  Ewing, 
secretary,  and  Elaida  Dickinson. 

The  local  fuel  administration  had  to  deal  with  the  public  and  with 
th,e  fuel  dealers.  In  treating  with  the  dealers,  one  of  the  first  tasks 
related  to  prices  on  coal,  and  in  this  the  committee  had  to  establish 
a  margin  of  profit  for  retail  dealers  of  the  county.  This  was  done  by 
a  method  which  was  afterward  adopted  over  the  entire  state.  Then 
there  was  the  question  of  properly  distributing  the  supplies  of  fuel 
available  and  of  enforcing  upon  the  people  the  necessity  of  conserving 
their  supplies.  One  of  the  first  tasks  confronting  the  local  fuel  ad- 
ministrator was  to  educate  the  people  in  the  necessity  of  laying  in  their 
supplies  of  coal  before  the  winter  began.  The  old  careless  way  of 
buying  coal  for  domestic  use  a  few  tons  at  a  time,  because  it  could  be 
obtained  on  short  notice,  must  give  way  to  prudent  foresight  in  getting 
one's  supply  into  the  cellar  in  the  summer  and  autumn.  This  campaign 
had  its  results.  By  the  end  of  November  a  larger  percentage  of  the 
winter's  domestic  requirements  were  in  the  cellar  than  had  ever  been 
the  case  before. 

On  November  23,  1917,  the  local  fuel  committee  submitted  a  report 
of  its  work  in  fixing  coal  prices  up  to  that  time.  The  following  were 
the  prices  quoted: 

Delivered  prices — •  Per  Ton 

Southern  111.  Coal $5.75 

Central  Illinois  Coal 5.25 

McLean   County   Coal   Mine 5.20 

Scale  prices —  Per  Ton 

Southern    111.,    Coal $5.00 

Central  Illinois  Coal 4.50 

McLean   County   Coal   Mine 4.45 

Anthracite  coal,  all  sizes  delivered 10.00 

The  fuel  administration  could  not  proceed  far  with  its  work  until 
it  had  some  information  from  each  community  of  the  county  for  its 
guidance.  Therefore  a  survey  was  made  by  addressing  to  all  coal  dealers 
of  the  county  a  letter  in  which  the  desired  facts  were  sought. 

With  the  desired  information  on  hand,  the  committee  assigned  to 
each  dealer  his  allotments  of  coal  from  time  to  time  from  the  supplies 
available  for  this  county. 

Along  with  the  problem  of  distributing  the  coal  supplies,  came  that 
of  urging  the  conservation  of  fuel  on  the  part  of  the  consumers.  There 
were  many  angles  to  this  problem.  J.  E.  Lockwood  was  appointed  as 
chairman  of  the  conservation  committee,  in  Bloomington,  and  he  devoted 
much  time  to  seeing  that  the  orders  of  the  national  fuel  administration 
were  complied  with.  In  order  to  save  fuel  at  the  electric  power  plants, 
so-called  "lightless  nights"  were  established.  Two  nights  of  the  week, 
Thursday  and  Sunday,  no  street  lights  were  permitted  except  those  ab- 
solutely necessary  for  public  safety.  No  electric  advertising  signs  were 
permitted,  and  all  lights  at  entrances  were  out  except  necessary  for 
safety.  This  order  continued  in  force  until  the  following  April,  and 
was  generally  and  willingly  observed. 

Restrictions  on  the  use  of  fuel  became  more  drastic  from  time  to 
time  during  the  late  fall  and  early  winter  of  1917-18.  The  climax  was 
readied  when  the  order  was  issued  for  the  closing  of  all  manufacturing 


240  McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THh    WORLD    WAE 

plants  except  those  making  food  supplies  for  a  period  of  five  days,  from 
January  18  to  22  inclusive  of  1918.  At  the  same  time  the  order  was 
issued  that  all  retail  stores  except  food  stores  should  be  closed  one  day 
each  week  for  a  period  of  five  weeks.  Monday  was  chosen  as  closing 
day.' 

Another  angle  of  the  fuel  conservation  order  was  its  effect  upon 
the  railroads.  The  Alton  road  in  January,  1918,  annulled  more  than 
half  of  its  passenger  trains,  and  other  roads  running  thru  the  county 
took  similar  action  to  a  certain  extent.  This  released  many  passenger 
engines  for  freight  service  and  helped  the  movement  of  needed  goods 
and  war  supplies. 

All  the  public  schools  of  Bloomington  were  closed  by  order  of  the 
board  on  January  15,  and  remained  closed  until  February  4.  This  was 
done  because  coal  enough  to  heat  the  buildings  could  not  be  obtained. 
The  school  children  therefore  had  an  unexpected  mid-winter  vacation, 
which  they  enjoyed. 

The  severity  of  the  weather  in  this  winter  of  1917-18  was  one  of 
the  factors  aggravating  the  coal  shortage.  For  twenty-eight  consecutive 
days,  from  December  28  to  January  25,  the  temperature  was  below  zero 
at  some  part  of  each  day.  Then  as  a  climax  of  the  weather  and  fuel 
situation,  the  hardest  storm  of  the  winter  struck  the  county  on  January 
6.  A  twenty-four  hour  snowfall,  driven  by  a  fierce  winter  gale,  made 
conditions  such  that  traffic  was  impossible.  Street  car  lines  were  put 
out  of  business  in  the  city  and  taxicab  service  much  crippled.  Many 
trains  on  the  railroads  were  hours  behind  time,  or  abandoned  altogether. 
It  took  several  days  for  the  people  of  the  city  and  country  to  dig  them- 
selves out  from  under  the  snow.  In  Bloomington  the  weight  on  the 
big  barn  of  the  Bloomington  Delivery  system,  located  on  North  Madison 
street,  was  so  great  as  to  crush  in  the  roof  and  caused  the  com- 
pany a  loss  of  $10,000.  Country  roads  were  impassable  and  traffic  in 
the  country  was  more  than  ever  restricted.  After  the  people  had  spent 
nearly  a  week  digging  themselves  out  from  under  the  snow,  a  second 
edition  of  the  storm  came  upon  the  land,  and  the  conditions  were  again 
almost  as  bad  as  it  was  at  the  beginning  of  the  storm.  All  this  made 
the  supplying  of  the  fuel  needs  of  the  communities  more  difficult  than 
it  had  been  previously.  Many  of  the  smaller  places  in  the  county  got 
down  to  the  state  where  there  was  not  a  ton  of  coal  in  the  hands  of 
the  dealers.  About  the  middle  of  January  reports  of  such  conditions 
came  from  Towanda,  Arrowsmith,  Saybrook,  Glenavon,  Bellflower,  Mon- 
arch, Covell  and  Meadows.  Appeals  came  from  these  towns  to  the 
county  fuel  committee  asking  for  relief,  and  these  were  passed  on  to 
the  state  committee. 

Every  town  in  McLean  county  suffered  more  or  less  severely  by  the 
extraordinary  weather  on  top  of  the  fuel  shortage,  especiallv  after  the 
second  blizzard  of  January  11.  McLean  ran  out  of  bread,  and  the 
schools  were  closed  for  several  days.  Many  business  houses  in  Carlock 
closed  on  account  of  lack  of  heat.  Cobs  and  wood  were  much  used. 
There  was  no  church  service  on  Sunday,  the  13th.  Heyworth  was  in 
fair  shape  for  fuel  and  other  supplies.  The  Lexington  basket-ball  team 
played  at  Heyworth  on  the  night  of  the  second  blizzard,  and  could  not 
get  home  for  two  days  afterward.  Chenoa  could  get  no  bakers'  bread 
and  no  milk  for  two  days.  No  Sunday  papers  were  delivered.  Cooksville 
was  practically  marooned,  and  everything  stopped.  At  Stanford  Frank 
Hilpert  attached  a  snow  plow  to  an  automobile  and  cleared  some  of 
the  streets.  Ellsworth  got  two  cars  of  coal  just  before  the  blizzard, 
but  could  get  no  bread  for  two  days.  At  Lexington  most  of  the  stores 
closed  at  6  o'clock  Saturday  night,  and  there  was  no  church  on  Sunday. 
Col.  Brown,  an  auctioneer,  who  had  held  a  sale  at  Arrowsmith,  could 
find  no  way  to  get  back  to  Bloomington,  so  he  started  and  walked,  tak- 
ing ten  hours  for  the  trip.  Leroy  dismissed  its  schools  and  business 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 


241 


was  almost  at  a  standstill.     At  Saybrook  many  farmers  turned  out  and 
scooped  roadways  to  the  town  to  get  supplies. 

When  the  local  fuel  administrators  made  a  tour  of  the  city  on  the 
first  night  that  the  "lightless"  order  went  into  effect,  they  expressed 
themselves  much  pleased  with  its  general  observance.  They  counted 
only  eight  lights  in  the  business  district  that  should  not  have  been 
burning. 

The  big  blizzard  struck  the  city  and  county  on  the  first  Sunday 
of  what  had  been  planned  as  "go  to  church  month,"  January.  Con- 
sequently, the  campaign  got  a  bad  start,  for  most  of  the  churches  were 
almost  deserted  on  that  Sunday.  Many  churches  abandoned  their  ser- 
vices for  the  day. 

The  second  edition  of  the  blizzard  was  accompanied  by  temperature 
of  10  below  zero,  and  was  pronounced  the  worst  storm  in  nineteen  years. 
For  a  few  days  delivery  of  fuel  became  impossible.  In  many  cases 
where  families  ran  out  of  coal,  they  doubled  up  with  other  families, 
two  or  more  living  in  one  house. 

In  the  midst  of  this  crucial  shortage  of  fuel,  many  expedients  were 
resorted  to,  to  tide  over  until  relief  came.  Churches  in  Bloomington  and 
other  towns  combined  their  services  and  held  meetings  in  one  church,  or 
abandoned  all  services  on  Sunday  except  one.  The  county  automobile 
men  abandoned  their  usual  winter  show  for  lack  of  heat  for  a  building 
to  hold  it.  Commercial  florists  had  to  shut  down  parts  of  their  green- 
houses, and  only  heated  the  parts  absolutely  necessary  to  prevent  serious 
loss.  A  big  midwinter  concert  planned  by  the  Amateur  Musical  Club 
in  Bloomington  was  abandoned. 

In  Leroy,  the  men  of  the  Christian  church  organized  a  huge  wood- 
chopping  bee,  went  to  the  timber  owned  by  one  of  their  members  and 
spent  a  day  chopping  wood  for  use  in  the  church  to  save  coal.  The 
necessity  was  made  a  gala  occasion,  with  a  noon  dinner  for  the  choppers. 
The  Normal  university  was  closed  tor  several  days  on  account  of 
the  impossibility  of  getting  fuel. 

With  the  work  of  the  strenuous 
winter  of  1917-18  past,  Mayor  Jones 
resigned  from  the  chairmanship  of 
the  local  fuel  committee,  and  Spen- 
cer Ewing,  who  had  served  as  sec- 
retary, was  named  in  his  place.  His 
work  in  charge  of  the  local  situa- 
tion continued  thru  the  spring  of 
1918,  and  plans  were  outlined  for  a 
campaign  among  the  people  for  the 
next  season  which  would  prevent  the 
fuel  shortage  of  the  previous  winter. 
On  May  1,  1918.  Mr.  Ewing  was 
called  to  Chicago  as  director  of 
state  requirements  in  the  Illinois 
office  of  the  U.  S.  fuel  administra- 
tion. He  served  in  that  capacity 
until  August  1  of  that  year,  being 
in  charge  of  fuel  distribution  for 
the  state  of  Illinois  outside  of  Chi- 
cago. Later  he  was  made  deputy 
fuel  administrator  for  the  state  of 
Illinois,  succeeding  Eaymond  E. 
Durham.  Mr.  Ewing 's  work  in  his 
new  position  operated  through  eleven 
different  departments  and  had  110 


Bertram  A.  Franklin 


employes. 


242 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    TEE    WORLD    WAE 

Bertram  A.  Franklin  was  named  as  head  of  the  McLean  county  fuel 
administration  when  Mr.  Ewing  was  called  to  Chicago.  He  continued 
the  work  until  and  after  the  close  of  the  war,  for  the  signing  of  the 
armistice  did  not  end  the  existence  of  the  fuel  administration.  Mr. 
Franklin  finally  received  his  instructions  in  January,  1919,  to  close  his 
office  on  February  1,  which  was  accordingly  done,  and  the  fuel  ad- 
ministration past  out  of  existence. 

In  the  summer  of  1918,  the  government  fuel  administration  took  a 
hand  in  regulating  the  consumption  of  gasoline  as  well  as  coal.  In 
August  an  order  was  issued  that  no  pleasure  cars  could  be  used  Sundays 
and  all  garages  closed  after  6  o'clock  in  the  evenings.  This  brought 
about  a  situation  which  had  its  comic  as  well  as  serious  side.  No  cars 
were  permitted  on  the  streets  or  roads  except  those  on  errands  of  nec- 
essity or  mercy,  on  penalty  of  the  driver  being  arrested.  In  consequence, 
people  returned  to  primitive  means  of  vehicle  driving;  all  old  time 
buggies  and  horses  were  gotten  out  of  their  hiding  places,  and  the  roads 
and  streets  on  Sundays  looked  like  scenes  of  the  '60 's  instead  of  1918. 
Young  people  got  plenty  of  amusement  out  of  the  situation.  The  rule 
was  pretty  generally  lived  up  to  for  the  several  weeks  in  which  it  re- 
mained in  effect.  Consumption  of  gasoline  the  country  over  was  thereby 
reduced  hundreds  of  millions  of  gallons. 

SPENCER  EWING  WAR-TIME  FUEL  ADMINISTRATOR 

How  a  practicing  attorney  took  up 
the  work  of  handling  the  fuel  problems 
of  a  community,  tells  the  story  of  the 
war  work  done  by  Spencer  Ewing  of 
Bloomington.  His  was  one  of  the  cases 
which  demonstrated  that  patriotic  ardor 
will  enable  a  man  to  adapt  himself  to 
the  performance  of  tasks  which  in  or- 
dinary times  would  be  considered  well- 
nigh  impossible. 

When  the  conservation  of  fuel  be- 
came one  of  the  vital  questions  of  home 
policy  in  the  war,  Illinois  along  writh 
other  states  was  asked  to  appoint  local 
fuel  committees  for  the  various  commu- 
nities. The  committee  in  Bloomington 
was  appointed  by  J.  E.  Williams,  Fed- 
eral Fuel  Administrator  for  Illinois  on 
October  31,  1917.  The  committee  in  this 
county  was  among  the  first  in  the  state, 
and  began  work  on  November  1.  The 
personnel  was  Mayor  E.  E.  Jones,  chair- 
man, Spencer  Ewing,  secretary,  and 
Elaida  Dickinson.  Although  this  line  of 
work  was  utterly  foreign  to  Mr.  Ewing 's 

professional  training,  he  set  out  with  enthusiasm  and  devotion.  The  first 
work  of  the  committee  was  to  fix  the  margin  for  retail  dealers  in  McLean 
county.  This  was  done  by  a  method  which  was  afterward  adopted  over 
the  entire  state.  Mr.  Ewing  served  as  secretary  through  the  winter  of 
1917-18,  and  when  Mayor  Jones  asked  to  be  relieved  of  the  chairmanship, 
Mr.  Ewing  was  appointed  chairman  on  April  1,  1918.  A  month  later  Mr. 
Ewing  was  called  to  Chicago  as  Director  of  State  Requirements  in  the 
office  of  the  State  Fuel  Administrator,  of  the  U.  S.  Fuel  Administration. 
He  served  in  that  capacity  until  August  1,  having  charge  of  the  fuel  dis- 
tribution of  the  state  outside  of  Chicago.  About  August  1,  with  the  ap- 
pointment of  Raymond  E.  Durham  as  Federal  Fuel  Administrator,  Mr. 
Ewing  was  made  Deputy  State  Fuel  Administrator,  for  the  state  of  Illi- 
nois outside  of  Cook  county.  He  served  in  that  capacity  until  the  first  of 
April,  1919.  He  had  charge  of  the  administrative  end  of  the  Fuel  Admin- 
istration in  the  state,  with  particular  regard  for  the  distribution  and  allot- 
ment of  domestic  and  industrial  coal,  penalties  for  violations  of  orders, 
and  industrial  and  labor  disputes.  This  work  was  accomplished  by  means 
of  eleven  departments  and  110  employes. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    TEE    WORLD    W4R 


243 


COMPANY  D.,  I.  N.  G. 

Company  D,  Bloomington,  Fifth  regt.,  of  the  Illinois  National  Guard 
was  called  to  service  March  26,  1917,  and  ordered  to  Camp  Parker, 
Quincy,  111.,  for  training,  remaining  there  until  August  20  "that  year  when 
the  command  moved  to  Houston,  Texas,  later  being  reorganized  as  a 
machine  gun  company  and  expanded  to  150  men.  While  at  Quincy  the 
personnel  of  the  company  was  as  follows: 


244 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

Roster  of  Company  D 

Captain — Burr  Irwin. 

Lieutenants — William  Goff  and  R.  W.  Jackson. 

Sergeants— Carl  E.  Moothart.  Rolla  E.  Hinshaw,  Chester  Hull,  Lee 
Lishka,  Joseph  Million  and  Harry  A.  Marshall. 

Corporals — William  Hibbens,  Edward  Burns,  Hobart  M.  Trent,  Elmer 
McAfee,  Homer  A.  Bowers,  Herbert  C.  Taylor  and  Lyle  Fike. 

Cooks — Lewis  C.   Dears  and  Herbert  C.  Garr. 

Privates — James  G.  Dennis,  Paul  E.  Draper,  Joseph  A.  Erbe,  Clifford 
W.  Huffmaster,  Emery  B.  Quinn,  Joseph  F.  Ranney,  Edward  C.  Albee, 
William  A.  Albee,  Claude  F.  Armstrong,  Charles  Bainc,  Harry  H.  Camp- 
bell, Charles  S.  Carter,  John  Wr.  Cooper,  Pearl  S.  Dennison,  Otho  S.  Earl, 
Guy  H.  Frisbey,  Roy  Goodwin,  Oscar  Hall,  Lewis  Hardman,  Clarence 
Harmon,  Harold  Hartley,  Henry  M.  Hartley,  Charles  W.  Hildreth,  Ray- 
mond Joquesh,  John  D.  Jordan,  Russell  C.  Logsdon,  Carl  S.  Martin,  Wil- 
liam B.  Mattoon,  Clarence  F.  Miller,  Joseph  L.  Miller,  Thomas  F.  Miller, 
Peter  M.  Owen,  Marshall  N.  Palmer,  Merle  M.  Payne,  Leslie  G.  Pfiffner, 
Leslie  C.  Pitzer,  Paul  V.  Poole,  Leslie  E.  Rankin,  Herbert  C.  Rediger, 
Charles  V.  Riley,  James  S.  Sears,  Thomas  J.  Underwood,  Leslie  A. 
Vaughn,  Roy  Varner,  Earl  E.  Hodgson,  Floyd  O.  Haynes,  James  M.  Jones, 
Fred  Bloodgood,  Henry  E.  Batson,  Cecil  Hammett,  Vernon  W.  Winnin, 
Samuel  W.  Ashworth,  James  F.  Baer,  John  J.  Anderson,  Alvin  R.  Austin, 
Donald  Brigham,  Russell  Brigham,  Cecil  D.  Collins,  Floyd  Crist,  Thomas 
I.  Costigan,  James  B.  Chapman,  Ray  Dotson,  Lee  H.  Ellis,  Roy  M.  Fitman, 
Rolland  Henshaw,  Clyde  Hewitt,  Willard  J.  Jenkins,  George  Kraus,  Leslie 
H.  Larison,  Andrew  Miller,  Earl  Potts,  Scott  Poynter,  Everett  Phillips, 
Ralph  Simms,  William  F.  Smith,  Lem  Landers,  Paul  Smith,  George  G. 
Sprouse,  Frank  L.  Simpson,  Carl  A.  Truitt,  Robert  Switzer,  Robert  S. 
Turner,  Sylvester  Thorpe,  Lawrence  Wright,  Sidney  Webb,  Kieth  M. 
Wilcox,  Curtis  Waggoner,  Owen  P.  Ely  and  William  Campbell. 

THE   124TH   MACHINE   GUN   BATTALION 

t 

During  the  months  of  September  and  October,  1917,  the  Thirty-third 
division  was  organized  at  Camp  Logan,  Texas,  from  units  of  the  Illinois 
National  Guard  which  had  been  drafted  into  federal  service.  Several 
regiments  of  infantry  of  the  I.  N.  G.  had  to  be  broken  up  or  changed 
bodily  into  other  arms  of  the  service.  Among  these  were  the  Fifth  and 
Seventh.  The  Fifth  regiment  was  composed  of  companies  from  Quincy, 
Peoria,  Canton,  Pekin,  Jacksonville,  Bloomington,  Decatur,  Delavan, 
Danville,  Springfield  and  Taylorville,  and  was  commanded  by  Col.  Frank 
S.  Woods  of  Quincy.  On  October  10,  1917,  the  reorganization  took  place, 
and  the  122d,  123d  and  124th  machine  gun  battalions  were  formed.  At 
first  the  124th  battalion  was  composed  of  three  companies,  L  of  Decatur, 
D  of  Bloomington  and  C  of  Springfield,  all  of  the  old  Fifth  regiment. 
In  February,  the  battalion  was  increased  to  four  companies,  and  Co.  C 
of  the  122d  battalion,  formerly  the  machine  gun  company  of  the  Seventh 
regiment,  became  Co.  D  of  the  124th.  On  October  13  Major  Floyd  F. 
Putman  and  Lieut.  Clarence  H.  Woods  were  assigned  to  the  124th  ma- 
chine gun  battalion,  and  Major  Putman  immediately  began  organization 
of  the  headquarters.  The  battalion  continued  in  training  at  Camp  Logan 
until  May  6,  1918.  By  recruits  from  Camps  Dodge,  Grant  and  Taylor, 
the  battalion  was  up  to  its  authorized  strength  by  date  of  its  sailing, 
which  occurred  on  the  night  of  May  15  after  transfer  from  Camp  Upton, 
where  the  battalion  had  arrived  May  11.  The  transport  used  was  the 
Mount  Vernon;  formerly  a  German  ship,  which  carried  5,000  troops  on 
this  trip.  The  division  commander,  Maj.  Gen.  George  Bell,  Jr.,  was 
aboard,  with  his  staff,  headquarters  troop,  military  police,  and  the  132d 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOULD    WAR 245 

infantry,  all  of  this  the   Thirty-third   division.     The  convoy  arrived  at 
Brest,  France,   May  24,  and   landed   May   26. 

The  officers  of  Company  B,  in  which  were  most  of  the  McLean 
county  boys,  at  this  time  were:  Captain  Burr  P.  Irvvin;  1st  Lieut.  James 
A.  Fishburne,  1st  Lieut.  William  E.  Bourdan,  2d  Lieut.  Glair  F.  Schu- 
macher, 2d  Lieut.  Eobert  F.  Eockhill,  2d  Lieut.  Chester  I.  White.  The 
battalion  was  stationed  at  Cerisy  until  June  9,  then  marched  to  Grand- 
court.  On  June  22  it  marched  to  Pont  Eemy,  on  the  Somme  river,  to 
operate  in  conjunction  with  British  forces.  From  about  the  first  to  the 
20th  of  August,  the  outfit  became  the  machine  gun  reserve  to  the  Austra- 
lian forces,  and  after  the  '25th  the  entire  division  was  transferred 
to  the  French  area.  At  Guerpont  the  battalion  was  equipped  with 
American  guns  and  continued  training  preparatory  to  taking  part  in 
the  great  offensive  which  was  to  begin  on  September  26.  On  Septem- 
ber 6  the  battalion  was  transferred  by  rail  to  Bois-des-Sartelles  near 
Balleycourt.  The  facts  here  recorded  will  hereafter  be  confined  mostly 
to  Company  B,  in  which  were  most  of  the  McLean  county  men. 

In  operations  with  the  British,  on  July  17,  18,  Companies  B  and  A 
occupied  positions  in  the  Baizieux-Warloy  line  for  twenty-four  hours. 
From  July  17  to  23  all  officers  and  men  occupied  front  line  positions 
with  British  forces  for  observation;  from  the  25th  to  30th,  A  and  B 
companies  relieved  units  of  the  British  47th  battalion  for  four  days. 
From  August  6-7,  A  and  B  companies  relieved  units  of  the  British  47th 
and  50th  battalions  until  relieved  by  the  123d  M.  G.  battalion.  Casual- 
ties to  battalion  on  this  tour,  2  killed,  6  wounded.  Battalion  was  re- 
lieved August  12  from  British  sector  to  Querrieu  wood  with  the  Aus- 
tralians. On  the  morning  of  September  26,  all  the  companies  of  the 
battalion,  together  with  the  122d  machine  gun  battalion  and  the  machine 
gun  companies  of  the  131st  and  132d  infantry,  participated  in  the  at- 
tack on  Forges  Wood.  The  initial  advance  of  the  battalions  was  cov- 
ered by  machine  gun  barrage  on  the  enemy  trenches  and  strong  points 
along  the  entire  brigade  front.  The  barrage  consisted  of  forty  guns, 
which  was  a  complete  success.  The  advance  was  over  rough  and  ascend- 
ing ground,  mostly  wooded,  but  all  guns  except  three  which  were  knocked 
out  by  shell  fire  were  taken  forward  and  reached  the  objective  with 
the  infantry  and  covered  the  consolidation.  After  crossing  the  Forges 
river,  Company  B  formed  up  and  moved  forward  under  barrage  of 
machine  guns,  artillery  and  smoke  screen.  Beached  objective  by  11  or 
11:30  and  took  position  to  cover  consolidation  on  left  bank  of  Meuse 
valley.  The  3rd  platoon  covered  left  flank,  as  319th  infantry  did  not 
reach  objective  until  the  following  evening.  Casualties,  3  killed,  7 
wounded.  Company  remained  in  position  until  October  8,  when  it  was 
withdrawn  for  operations  on  east  side  of  Meuse. 

As  the  result  of  hard  work  the  night  of  October  7,  this  company 
placed  12  guns  in  position  about  Forges,  and  on  the  morning  of  8th 
opened  fire  on  Chaume  Wood.  On  the  9th,  moved  to  trenches  southeast 
of  Consenvoye,  and  at  6:45  on  the  morning  of  the  10th  moved  forward, 
"if],  third  battalion  of  the  131st  infantry  through  Consenvoye  and 
Chaume  Wood,  delivering  effective  fire  from  northern  edge  of  latter  wood 
upon  enemy  machine  gun  positions  and  bodies  of  the  enemy  fleeing  over 
the  edcre  of  the  ridge.  The  next  move  forward,  to  the  top  of  the  oppo- 
site ridge  was  under  extremely  heavy  gun  fire  from  front  and  flanks, 
resulting  in  heavy  casualties  and  loss  of  four  guns.  Nevertheless,  one 
section  to  the  support  of  the  131st,  delivered  fire  which  silenced  several 
enemy  snipers  and  put  to  flight  parties  of  the  enemy  assembling  on  the 
extreme  right  for  counter  attack.  The  enemy  launched  a  counter  attack 
on  the  afternoon  of  the  llth,  which  the  guns  of  this  company  quickly 
stopped.  Next  morning  the  guns  were  moved  back  to  a  line  with  the 
third  battalion,  and  placed  to  protect  the  front  to  the  best  advantage. 
On  the  night  of  the  13th  of  October  the  131st  infantry  and  machine  gun 


246 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAS 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 247 

companies  received  orders  to  withdraw  to  Consenvoye.  The  casualties 
during  this  action  were:  2  killed,  26  wounded  or  gassed,  Capt.  Irwin 
and  Lieut.  Fishburne  being  included  in  the  total.  On  the  night  of 
October  24,  the  124th  battalion  left  their  rest  billets  at  Les  Tamaris 
and  marched  to  Longeau  Farm  in  the  Troyon  sector,  covering  18  miles 
in  12  hours  by  night.  By  10  a.  m.  the  battalion  had  taken  over  positions 
of  the  312th  M.  G.  B.  of  the  79th  division.  The  reorganization  of  the 
whole  sector  was  completed  by  October  30,  with  B,  C,  and  D  companies 
in  positions  and  A  company  in  reserve.  Here  these  units  remained  un- 
til the  operations  of  November  10  and  11.  Sixteen  gas  casualties  in  B 
company  at  Avillers. 

At  midnight  of  November  9-10,  B  company  got  orders  to  join  the 
131st  infantry  at  Doncourt,  being  assigned  to  the  second  battalion  and 
moved  forward  into  Haute  Epines  and  Harville  wood.  The  company 
was  given  the  task  of  protecting  the  flank  of  the  3rd  battalion  while 
it  attacked  and  held  a  part  of  Harville  wood.  The  3rd  battalion  went 
right  ahead  to  its  objective  on  the  afternoon  of  the  10th.  The  second 
battalion  moved  forward  into  the  wood  under  heavy  artillery  and  ma- 
chine gun  fire.  Lieut.  Rockhill  with  the  1st  platoon  supported  the  front 
line,  Lieut.  White  with  the  2d  platoon  taking  up  positions  along  the 
right  flank.  While  reconnoitering  some  of  these  positions,  Sergt.  Ely  of 
Company  B  met  and  captured  11  prisoners  single-handed.  The  heavy 
fire  of  all  guns  and  the  gas  from  exploding  shells  made  the  woods  un- 
tenable and  at  7  p.  m.  the  troops  withdrew  to  the  edge  of  Haute  Epines. 

The  morning  of  the  llth  orders  came  to  attack  again,  and  the  131st 
infantry  was  being  assembled  to  carry  out  the  order,  when  word  came 
of  the  truce,  and  operations  ceased.  That  afternoon  Co.  B  moved  back 
to  Longeau  farm  when  Co.  D  took  over  its  former  position.  Casualties: 
4  wounded,  1  missing. 

Company  B,  composed  largely  of  McLean  county  men,  had  the  dis- 
tinction of  having  the  greatest  number  of  casualties  of  any  company 
of  the  124th  Machine  Gun  battalion  during  its  service  in  France,  its  total 
being  85,  with  46  for  A  company  being  its  next  closest  rival.  The  sum- 
mary of  casualties  for  the  battalion  in  France  is  as  follows:  Headquarters 
Company,  1  killed  in  action,  1  accidentally  killed,  1  wounded;  total  3; 
A  company,  4  killed  in  action,  21  wounded,  2  gassed,  19  missing;  total 
46;  B  company,  5  killed,  35  wounded,  44  gassed,  1  missing;  total  85; 
C  company,  7  killed,  9  wounded,  1  gassed,  total  17;  D  company,  1  killed, 
1  accidentally  killed,  11  wounded,  1  gassed;  total  14. 

Altho  machine  gunners  are  not  often  in  a  position  to  capture  pris- 
oners, yet  this  124th  battalion  captured  a  total  of  112  prisoners,  includ- 
ing 5  non-commissioned  officers  and  107  privates. 

The  armistice  came  at  11  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  November  11 
when  all  units  of  the  66th  brigade,  including  all  companies  of  the  124th 
M.  G.  battalion  were  making  an  assault  on  the  enemy  positions  in  front 
of  the  Troyon  sector.  As  firing  ceased,  a  general  shout  went  up  along  the 
line,  on  both  sides.  The  124th  withdrew  to  their  billets  at  Longeau  farm. 
On  December  7  the  battalion  began  its  long  hike  into  Germany,  going 
by  way  of  Moineville,  Avril,  Serrouville,  Rumelange,  Luxemburg,  Aspelt, 
Kreuzweiler,  Trintingen  and  Heffingen.  B  company  was  billeted  in  the 
village  of  Waldbillig.  While  in  Luxemburg  the  monotony  of  long  eve- 
nings was  varied  by  various  forms  of  entertainment  designed  by  sol- 
diers, in  which  the  124th  M.  G.  battalion  took  prominent  part.  "Krig- 
baum's  Circus"  from  A  company  and  Lieut.  Gene  Hopkins'  splendid 
show  troupe  made  much  merriment  both  in  and  outside  of  the  33rd  divi- 
sion. One  of  the  red  letter  days  of  the  service  was  April  22,  1919,  when 
the  entire  33rd  division  was  reviewed  by  Gen.  Pershing  at  Ettelbruck. 
On  April  26-27  the  division  entrained  on  the  start  on  the  long  journey 
home.  The  arrival  at  Brest  was  on  April  30.  After  nine  days  of  im- 


248  McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

patient  waiting,  the  division  embarked  on  the  U.  S.  S.  Mt.  Vernon, 
which  weighed  anchor  at  4:30,  May  9. 

The  124th  machine  gun  battalion  was  a  part  of  the  66th  brigade, 
commanded  by  Brig.  Gen.  Paul  A.  Wolfe.  Its  strength  was  30  officers, 
750  men  and  48  heavy  type  machine  guns.  The  66th  brigade  led  all  the 
principal  assaults  of  the  33rd  division,  and  the  division  ranked  among 
the  first  of  the  A.  E.  F.  in  efficiency,  gallantry  and  battle  record.  The 
machine  gun  barrage  in  the  attack  of  September  26,  with  forty  guns, 
was  pronounced  by  critics  the  first  occasion  when  machine  guns  prop- 
erly supported  an  American  division  in  attack.  While  in  active  opera- 
tions, the  battalion  received  some  excellent  service  from  the  Y.  M.  C.  A., 
the  Bed  Cross  and  K.  of  C.  welfare  organizations.  Chaplain  C.  M.  Fin- 
nell  was  deserving  of  special  credit  for  his  work  for  the  comfort  and 
well  being  of  the  battalion.  Through  his  efforts,  every  grave  of  a  man 
from  this  battalion  has  been  properly  marked. 

Sergt.  Eussell  W.  Bringham  of  Bloomington,  of  Company  B.  had 
successfully  passed  his  examination  for  a  commission  when  the  end  of 
the  war  came. 

Two  members  of  B  company  from  McLean  county  were  killed  in 
battle:  Sergt.  Leslie  G.  Pfiffner  of  Normal  and  Corp.  Lyle  Fike  of  Bloom- 
ington, the  latter  dying  of  wounds. 

The  following  were  wounded  in  action:  Henry  M.  Hartley,  Howard 

E.  Campbell,  Thomas  Ivan  Costigan,  Herbert  C.  Rediger,  all  of  Bloom- 
ington;   Paul  E.  Draper  of  Hey  worth,  Carl  S.  Martin  of  Normal,  Wil- 
liam B.  Mattoon  of  Bloomington,  Joseph  Million  of  Bloomington,  George 
G.  Sprouse  of  Saybrook. 

The  following  were  gassed:  Earl  Potts  of  Bloomington,  Leslie  Ean- 
kin  of  Normal,  and  Louis  C.  Sears  of  Bloomington. 

The  McLean  county  boys,  members  of  this  company  and  battalion, 
in  addition  to  those  already  mentioned  were  as  follows:  Sergeant  Lee 

F.  Lishka  of  Bloomington,   Sergt.   Chester  Hull   of  Bloomington,   Sergt. 
Joseph  F.  Eanney  of  Normal,  Sergt.  Oliver  P.  Ely  of  Bellflower,  Sergt. 
George  A.  Kraus  of  Danvers,  Corp.  Lewis  Hardman  of  Lexington,  Corp. 
Samuel   W.   Ashworth   of   Bellflower,   Corp.   Emery  B.   Quinn   of  Bloom- 
ington, Horseshoer  Henry  E.  Batson  of  Bloomington,  Privates  Cecil  D. 
Collins  of  Holder,  Edward  C.  Albee   of  Bloomington,  Paul  V.  Poole  of 
Bloomington,   William   A.  Albee   of  Bloomington,   Homer   A.   Bowers  of 
Normal,  James  G.  Dennis  of  Normal,  Lee  H.  Ellis  of  Bloomington,  Harold 
J.  Hartley  of  Bloomington,  Clarence  F.  Miller  of  Bloomington,  Charles 
V.  Eiley  of  Normal,  James  H.  Sears  of  Bloomington,  William  Price  Smith 
of  Normal,  Sylvester  Thorpe  of  Bloomington,  Vernon  Wieting  of  Bloom- 
ington. 


CONTRASTING  HOSPITAL  METHODS 

In  an  address  before  the  McLean  County  Medical  Society  one  day 
after  his  discharge  from  the  service,  Dr.  Eobert  Avery  Noble,  former 
major  in  the  medical  service  with  the  A.  E.  F.,  stated  that  the  Ameri- 
can wounded  received  better  care  than  any  of  the  other  allied  soldiers. 
The  French  custom,  he  said,  was  to  care  for  the  least  wounded  first, 
while  the  more  severely  wounded  who  would  be  unable  to  return  to  the 
line  after  leaving  the  hospital  were  the  last  to  receive  attention.  The 
American  method  was  to  care  for  all  wounded  men  as  early  and  as 
rapidly  as  possible  and  to  give  the  most  severely  wounded  the  first 
attention.  The  French  he  said  rarely  worked  at  night.  He  said  that 
there  were  all  kinds  of  injuries  which  could  possibly  be  conceived  of 
from  the  high  explosive  shells  and  machine  gun  bullets. 


McLKAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 249 

THE   GENII  OF   THE   AIR 

Deeds  which  for  sheer  cour- 
age and  daring,  having  stood 
out  even  against  a  background 
of  man 's  ceaseless  heroism, 
marked  the  world 's  greatest 
and  most  dreadful  war.  They 
have  been  those  of  the  avi- 
ators, waging  a  warfare  that 

was      terrible      and      strange;  Th        .  j 

rushing   through  the  air  at   a 

hundred  miles  an  hour,  thousands  of  feet  above  the  earth;  menaced  by 
bursting  shells  or  the  hawklike  attacks  of  hostile  craft;  tossed  about 
by  the  winds;  in  danger,  always  of  some  breakdown  that  might  send 
them  earthward  inside  the  enemy's  lines;  yet  braving  each  peril  with  a 
smile  and  joking  even  when  in  the  presence  of  death.  War  has  brought 
its  heroes  always  but  what  can  one  say  of  these?  Men  who  for  hours 
at  a  stretch  and  in  a  plane  that  might  be  swaying  in  half  a  gale,  ran 
a  nerve  racking  gauntlet  of  shell  fire,  death  that  the  enemy  guns  sends 
into  the  sky;  a  fate  that  creeps  nearer  daily  as  the  gunners  skill  im- 
proves; that  means  first  a  crash  and  then  a  drop  through  a  thousand 
feet  or  more  of  empty  air,  a  crumpling  of  wings  and  a  fluttering,  help- 
less fall,  leaving  the  sodden  wreckage  of  a  craft.  When  the  hero  paid 
the  price  of  his  heroism;  when  he  flew  out  at  dawn  and  failed  to  return, 
it  was  his  friends  and  fellow  airmen  who  remembered  with  the  lingering 
affection  of  comradeship,  the  one  who  was  gone.  But  though  they  have 
been  shot  at  ceaselessly  from  the  earth  and  attacked  viciously  by  hostile 
planes,  the  airmen  in  the  late  war,  did  their  work  accurately  and  well. 
Not  one  of  these  men,  flying  over  the  enemy  with  death  at  his  elbow, 
risked  or  lost  his  life  in  vain.  And  it  is  a  satisfaction  to  those  of  Mc- 
Lean County  to  know  that  the  contribution  made  of  air  men,  led  all  the 
other  counties  of  the  state  excepting  Cook.  Some  made  the  Supreme 
sacrifice  and  met  their  fate  fearlessly.  The  list  of  air  heroes  from 
McLean  County  is  as  follows: 

Edward  Burtis,  Hudson  Denny  E.  Henderson,  Towanda 

Clifford  Brown,  Normal  Omar  Gregory 

Nyle  Balbach,  Chenoa  Don  Jones,  Leroy 

Halsey  Bingham  David  Lutz 

John  Brokaw  Eoy  Lawson,  Leroy 

*Louis  E.  Davis  Harold  Plummer 

Jack  Daniels  Edward  Powers 

Claude  Ferguson  Harry  Eiddle 

Mortimer  Flynn  *Lee  Roebuck 

Harold  Heafer  Chester  Twaddle 

Archie  Hansen  Earl  Vanordstrand 

Reed  B.  Homey,  Colfax  Wm.  Wise 

Iredell  Harrison 

LIEUT.  JOHN  BROKAW 

Of  the  aviators  from  McLean  county  who  were  privileged  to  reach 
France,  none  enjoyed  the  experience  more  than  John  Brokaw  of  Blooming- 
ton.  He  enlisted  October  23,  1917,  at  the  age  of  2-0,  at  the  Ground  School 
of  the  University  of  Illinois  at  tlrbana  December  8  of  that  year,  and 
February  24,  1918,  was  transferred  to  Camp  Dick  at  Dallas,  Texas,  re- 
maining there  until  March  6  where  he  made  such  commendable  progress 

*Killed  in  fall  of  plane.  Obituaries  will  be  found  in  the  "In 
Memoriam"  department. 


250 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


that  he  was  transferred  to  the  famed  Kelly 
Field  at  San  Antonio,  Texas,  commencing  to 
fly  March  6  and  maintaining  this  drill  until 
April  15.  He  was  then  transferred  to 
Chanute  Field  at  Eantoul,  111.,  where  he 
continued  the  primary  work  until  he  was 
commissioned  lieutenant  May  15,  1918.  He 
was  then  ordered  to  Camp  Dick  for  two 
weeks  and  from  there  to  Post  Field,  Law- 
ton,  Oklahoma,  in  June  taking  a  four  week 
course  as  an  army  corps  pilot.  His  final 
home  training  was  at  Hicks  Field,  Fort 
Worth,  Texas,  in  aerial  gunnery  and  after 
four  weeks  of  drill  in  the  employment  of  air 
ordnance,  he  sailed  for  France,  from  the 
port  of  Hoboken,  New  York,  landing  at 
Brest,  October  5,  1918.  He  spent  the  first 
four  weeks  abroad  at  St.  Maixent  and  then 
received  orders  to  complete  his  training  at 
Issudon,  France,  before  going  to  the  front. 
The  signing  of  the  armistice  brought  bitter 
regrets  to  him  as  well  as  thousands  of  others 
who  were  just  at  the  pinnacle  of  actual  ser- 
vice after  a  long  period  of  strenuous  training.  He  was  released  from  air 
training  on  December  23,  and  was  permitted  to  visit  Nice  and  Monte  Carlo 
on  a  leave  of  absence  for  one  week.  He  then  sailed  from  Brest  January  13, 
1919,  and  was  discharged  at  Garden  City,  Long  Island,  January  23,  1919. 


LIEUT.   DAVID   LUTZ 


Lieut.  David  Lutz,  well  known  Bloomington  boy,  received  his  com- 
mission at  Love  Flying  Field,  Dallas,  Texas,  and  took  up  special  work 
in  bombing. 

Lieut.  Lutz  had  a  most  narrow  escape  in  a  fall  while  avoiding  a 
collision  with  another  plane. 

Lieut.  Lutz  is  a  graduate  of  the  Bloomington  high  school,  class  '07, 
and  of  Normal  University,  class  '11.  At  the  time  of  entering  the  service 
he  was  a  manual  training  teacher  in  Indianapolis. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


251 


LIEUT.  WILLIAM  C.  WISE 

Lieut.  William  C.  Wise  of  Bloomington 
had  the  good  fortune  to  reach  France 
as  one  of  Uncle  Sam's  aviators,  but  too 
late  to  take  an  active  part  in  bombing 
the  enemy.  He  enlisted  April  7,  1917,  at 
the  age  of  22  at  Jefferson  Barracks,  Mo., 
in  the  aviation  signal  corps,  but  was 
transferred  to  the  infantry,  detailed  to 
the  first  officers  training  camp  at  Fort 
Sheridan  and  was  commissioned  First 
Lieutenant  at  Camp  Dodge,  Des  Moines, 
la.,  assigned  to  the  Machine  Gun  Bat- 
talion and  transferred  to  Fort  Douglas, 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  and  was  then  as- 
signed to  duty  as  Intelligence  Officer  at 
Jefferson  Barracks.  He  then  resigned  his 
commission  in  Infantry  to  become  a 
cadet,  U.  S.  S.  M.  at  Urbana,  111.,  ^n 
February  1,  1918,  graduating  April  1, 
assigned  to  Chanute  Field  as  Flying 
Cadet,  later  taking  a  six  weeks  course 
at  Camp  Dick,  Texas,  then  known  as 
"Kewees  Paradise"  and  the  "Home  of  the  Gold  Bar  Cadets."  He  was 
commissioned  Second  Lieutenant  of  Air  Service  at  Chanute  Field  July 
1,  1918,  placed  in  semi-active  duty  at  Wilbur  Wright  Field,  Dayton, 
Ohio,  and  then  ordered  overseas,  sailing  from  Garden  City,  L.  I.,  Octo- 
ber 1,  1918,  and  ordered  to  Issoudim,  France,  joining  the  3d  A.  I.  C. 
Before  his  aspirations  to  diminish  the  enemy  armies  was  realized,  the 
armistice  was  signed.  His  health  failing,  he  spent  two  months  in  a 
hospital  on  sick  leave  and  a  month  of  his  convalescence  in  Southern 
France,  and  was  then  assigned  duty  as  Commanding  Officer  of  Casual 
Co.  987  at  St.  Aignon,  France.  He  then  sailed  for  home,  reaching  Camp 
Merritt,  N.  J.,  March  11,  1919,  and  receiving  his  discharge  one  month 
later,  returning  to  Bloomington  to  resume  his  studies  at  the  State  Nor- 
mal University.  The  home  of  Lt.  Wise  is  in  Champaign. 


LT.  MORTIMER  FLYNN 

Lt.  Mortimer  Flynn  enlisted  at 
Chicago  July  25,  1917,  and  was  as- 
signed to  the  ground  school  in  avi- 
ation at  the  Ohio  State  University. 
In  October  he  was  sent  to  Love 
Field,  Texas,  and  was  commissioned 
lieutenant  May  8,  1918.  He  then 
trained  at  Camp  Dick,  Ellington 
Field,  Tolliver  Field,  and  finally 
Mitchell  Field  at  Garden  City,  New 
York,  taking  the  various  courses  in 
bombing,  aerial  gunnery,  and  other 
advanced  work  in  aviation,  and  was 
ready  to  go  across  when  the  armis- 
tice was  signed.  He  remained  at 
Mitchell  Field  until  March  10,  1919, 
when  he  proceeded  to  Camp  Grant 
where  he  received  his  discharge, 
then  returning  to  Bloomington. 


252 


M cLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


LIEUT.  KENNETH  H.  JONES 

With  the  declaration  of  war,  Kenneth 
H.  Jones  of  Normal,  promptly  enlisted  and 
was  sent  to  Fort  Howard,  Maryland,  May 
7,  1917,  and  was  assigned  to  the  3d  com- 
pany C.  A.  C.  He  was  placed  on  detached 
service  at  the  Master  Gunners  School  at 
Fortress  Monroe,  Va.,  August  1,  1917,  and 
then  transferred  to  the  national  army  at 
Camp  Zachary  Taylor,  Ky.,  October  1, 
1917,  with  assignment  to  the  159th  Depot 
Brigade  Headquarters  Co.,  later  going  to 
Co.  C  309  Field  Signal  Battalion.  Octo- 
ber 25  he  was  promoted  to  corporal; 
November  15  to  sergeant  and  December  24 
to  sergeant  1st  class.  He  then  asked  for 
a  transfer  to  the  School  of  Military  Aero- 
nautics at  Champaign,  111.,  graduating 
April  26,  1918,  transferred  to  Camp  Dick, 
Dallas,  Texas;  'thence  to  Wilbur  Wright 
Field,  Dayton,  O.;  and  was  commissioned 
Second  Lieutenant  August  30,  1918,  at 

Chanute  Field.  He  then  trained  in  aviation  at  Brooks  Field,  San  Antonio, 
Texas;  Rockwell  Field,  San  Diego,  Gal.,  and  was  with  the  Pursuit  Train- 
ing Department  until  the  close  of  the  war,  completing  a  long  and  strenu- 
ous period  of  training  as  an  aviator.  He  received  his  discharge  January 
7,  1919,  but  in  April  of  that  year,  he  was  commissioned  in  the  Air 
Service  Officers  Eeserve  Corps. 


LT.   AECHIE   M.   HANSON 

Archie  M.  Hanson  of  Normal  gave  up  his 
farm  irrigation  work  in  Texas  to  enlist  and 
was  assigned  to  Austin,  Texas,  where  he 
trained  for  three  months  in  the  aviation 
officers  training  camp.  February  16,  1918, 
he  was  ordered  to  the  Concentration  Camp 
at  Dallas,  Texas,  to  further  complete  his 
studies  in  machine  gunnery,  wireless  and 
various  other  essentials  to  the  aviator.  Hav- 
ing been  commissioned  lieutenant,  was  or- 
dered to  Chanute  Field  May  20  for  flying, 
aerial  photography  and  study  in  the  theory 
of  flight.  August  1  he  moved  to  Wilbur 
Wright  Field  at  Dayton,  Ohio,  and  to 
Garden  City,  L.  I.,  September  10,  thence 
proceeding  overseas  for  advanced  training 
at  Issoudon  aerial  field,  arriving  there  Octo- 
ber 26.  There  he  prosecuted  his  training 
in  bombing,  gas  drill,  pistol  practice  and 
other  work.  Just  as  he  was  ready  for  active 
service  against  the  enemy  after  a  strenuous 
year  of  preparation,  the  armistice  ended  the 
war  and  Lt.  Hanson  in  company  with  thou- 
sands of  others,  experienced  the  disappointment  of  being  unable  to  clash 
with  the  enemy  flyers.  However,  the  period  of  duty  was  greatly  enjoyed 
and  he  was  able  to  see  considerable  of  Europe  before  he  was  permitted 
to  return  to  his  home  and  be  discharged. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


253 


LIEUTENANT  HAERY  E.  RIDDLE 

Aviation  had  its  appeal  for  Harry  K. 
Eiddle  and  enlisting  in  Chicago,  October  18, 
1917,  he  was  assigned  to  duty  at  the  United 
States  Army  School  of  Military  Aeronautics, 
located  at  Cornell  University,  Ithaca,  New 
York,  reporting  there  on  December  1,  1917. 
After  more  than  two  months  of  intensive 
training  there,  he  was  transferred  on  Feb- 
ruary 16,  1918,  to  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Texas, 
where  his  training  was  continued.  On  April 
7,  1918,  he  was  ordered  to  the  famous  Kelly 
Field  at  San  Antonio,  Texas,  and  was  there 
commissioned  Second  Lieutenant  in  the  Air 
Service  (Aeronautics).  After  completing  his 
training  as  an  aviator,  he  was  transferred 
to  Brooks  Field  near  San  Antonio  where  he 
studied  the  Gosport  system  of  Flying  in- 
struction. He  made  such  rapid  progress  that 
he  was  honored  by  selection  as  instructor 
at  Park  Field,  Memphis,  Tenn.  and  later 
promoted  to  the  position  of  Flight  Com- 
mander, still  greater  honor.  He  remained  at  Park  Field,  prosecuting  his 
duties  efficiently  until  his  discharge  from  the  service  March  20,  1919, 
when  he  resumed  the  practice  of  law  with  office  in  Suite  408-9,  Peoples 
Bank  Bldg.,  Bloomington. 


LIEUT.  HAROLD  HEAFER 

Entering  the  Ground  School  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Illinois  July  16,  1917,  Harold 
Heafer  of  Bloomington,  was  transferred  to 
Park  Field,  Tenn.,  after  eight  weeks  and 
spent  four  months  there  winning  a  com- 
mission as  a  flying  lieutenant  in  air  ser- 
vice March  12,  1918.  He  then  put  in  a 
further  strenuous  training  at  Fort  Sill, 
Oklahoma,  Post  Field  and  served  six  weeks 
as  pilot  in  the  observation  school.  Then 
followed  five  weeks  at  Camp  Dick,  Texas, 
and  four  weeks  at  Fort  Worth,  taking  the 
course  in  aerial  gunnery.  When  orders 
came  to  go  across,  Lieut.  Heafer  came  via 
Peoria  enroute  to  New  York  and  was  mar- 
ried at  Peoria  July  12,  sailing  July  21  for 
Liverpool  and  proceeding  directly  to 
France  where  he  was  variously  stationed 
at  St.  Maxient,  where  he  attended  a  school 
for  aviation  officers  two  months  at  Issou- 
doun,  and  on  October  15  joined  the  186th 

Aero  Squadron  at  Colombey  les  Belles  and  also  Souilly,  and  was  at 
Lemmes,  near  Verdun  during  the  closing  months  of  the  war.  He  re- 
turned by  way  of  Tours,  Anglers,  and  other  points  in  southern  France, 
and  sailed  from  Brest,  France,  for  the  United  States.  He  received  his 
discharge  February  3,  1919,  at  Garden  City,  New  York. 


254 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

AN  ILLINOIS  ARTILLERY  REGIMENT 

The  second  largest  contingent  of  draft  men  which  went  out  of  Mc- 
Lean county  at  any  one  time  was  that  which  departed  in  April,  1918, 
for  camps  in  the  east.  Most  of  that  contingent  became  absorbed  into 
the  68th  regiment  of  Coast  Artillery,  which  was  organized  at  Fort 
Wright  and  other  defenses  on  Long  Island.  An  official  history  of  that 
regiment  published  at  the  end  of  1919  was  as  follows: 

The  Sixty-eighth  was  organized  in  the  coast  defense  of  Long  Island, 
the  first  of  June,  1918. 

The  officers  had  been  designated  earlier  in  the  war  department  or- 
ders. The  spirit,  energy  and  discipline  of  the  regiment  was  exemplified 
from  the  first.  When  each  man  was  asked  if  he  wanted  to  go  across, 
those  who  replied  promptly,  "Yes,  sir,"  were  chosen;  all  others  were 
dropped  from  the  list.  At  Fort  Terry  was  regiment  headquarters,  also 
the  medical  department  and  batteries  A,  B,  and  C.  Batteries  D,  E.,  and 
F  were  at  Fort  Wright,  also  the  supply  company.  Lieut. -Col.  Henry 
Fairfax  Ayers  was  in  charge  of  the  unit  at  Fort  Wright.  Actual  work 
began  with  a  lecture  by  Col.  Ayers,  who  is  a  West  Pointer,  on  matters 
of  discipline,  dress,  personal  bearing,  etc.  The  batteries  began  work 
at  once  in  target  practice,  and  the  supply  company  in  issuing  overseas 
equipment  and  trying  to  get  what  was  needed.  The  regiment  was  finally 
supplied  with  "Class  C"  equipment,  when  word  came  that  "Class  A" 
was  the  last  word  in  European  styles. 

One  day  after  a  parade  in  a  sizzling  heat  thru  the  streets  of  New 
London,  when  the  men  returned  to  barracks  "all  in,"  word  came  that 
the  regiment  would  leave  the  next  morning.  Immediately  drooping 
spirits  revived,  and  the  men  worked  all  night  packing  for  the  trip. 
Harbor  boats  took  the  men  to  New  London,  where  Bed  Cross  ladies 
served  refreshments,  and  then  after  conflicting  rumors  of'  the  possible 
port  of  embarkation,  the  trip  for  Boston  began.  The  regiment  detrained 
at  the  Cunard  docks  at  Boston,  and  boarded  the  British  ship  Leicester- 
shire. The  men  were  loaded  into  the  hold,  which  formed  their  mess 
halls  and  their  sleeping  quarters  for  the  trip  across. 

The  start  in  the  voyage  was  made  in  a  heavy  fog  and  after  a  day's 
sailing,  much  to  the  surprise  of  the  men,  the  ship  dropped  anchor  in 
New  York  harbor.  The  stay  there  was  short,  however,  and  the  next 
day  another  start  was  made,  with  the  vessel's  nose  poked  out  to.  sea. 
The  fifth  day  out,  the  vessel  caught  up  with  the  rest  of  the  convoy,  six 
transports  and  a  British  cruiser.  Two  days  before  reaching  England,  an 
escort  of  British  destroyers  met  the  convoy. 

The  regiment 's  yell  or  battle  cry  was  originated  on  this  voyage.  An 
assemblage  of  officers  in  the  lounge  one  afternoon  discussed  such  a  yell. 
It  was  agreed  that  the  forceful  ' '  Gang-wall, ' '  so  often  heard  from  mem- 
bers of  the  Hindoo  crew  of  the  vessel,  should  be  part  of  the  cry.  Soon 
this  yell  was  evolved,  "  Gang-wah.  Six-Eight.  Hoo-Eah. "  That  re- 
mained, the  official  yell  of  the  regiment  during  the  rest  of  its  career. 
One  day  a  British  destroyer,  No.  68,  crossed  the  bows  of  the  transport, 
and  when  the  men  from  the  railing  shouted  their  yell,  so  appropriate  to 
the  destroyer,  there  came  an  answering  cheer  from  the  warship,  and 
her  commander  sent  a  wireless  vote  of  thanks. 

After  fifteen  days  on  the  ocean  the  transport  landed  at  Tillsbury 
docks  on  the  Thames  in  London.  The  ship  was  given  a  noisy  greeting 
by  the  ships  in  the  harbor,  and  the  regimental  band  and  the  "gang- 
wahs"  returned  the  compliment.  Just  as  the  ship  was  docking  an  alarm 
was  sounded  warning  of  an  air  raid,  which  furnished  a  new  thrill  to 
the  Americans.  They  were  all  curiosity  but  soon  the  "recall"  signal 
was  given,  as  the  raiders  had  been  driven  off.  This  was  the  last  air 
raid  attempted  by  the  Germans  over  London.  The  next  morning  the 
regiment  went  ashore  and  were  welcomed  by  King  George  and  taken 
to  Romsey,  a  rest  camp. 

The  fifth  day,  the  regiment  set  out  on  a  ten  mile  hike  to  Southamp- 
ton, which  they  reached  at  noon  and  were  issued  sandwiches  by  the 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOBLD    WAE 255 

British  Bed  Cross.  The  trip  across  the  channel  was  made  on  the  Nar- 
rangansett,  an  old  ship  owned  by  the  Central  Vermont  railroad,  and  used 
on  the  other  side  during  the  war  for  carrying  troops.  The  boat  took 
half  the  regiment  over,  reaching  LeHavre  at  5  p.  m.,  and  the  rest  of 
the  regiment  came  on  another  boat  and  debarked  at  the  same  time.  The 
men  were  packed  into  the  boats.  On  the  dock  at  LeHavre  they  saw 
German  war  prisoners  for  the  first  time.  Here  they  also  saw  a  long 
American  Ked  Cross  train  coining  in,  loaded  with  wounded  men,  the 
sight  of  which  brought  the  war  closer  to  them.  From  the  anchorage  to 
the  harbor,  the  men  admired  a  wonderful  hill  back  of  the  city,  but  little 
dreamed  they  would  have  to  ascend  it.  After  being  officially  welcomed 
by  the  city,  they  began  their  long  hike  up  the  hill.  Leaving  LeHavre, 
the  regiment  went  to  Best  Camp  No.  1,  where  they  spent  a  day  and  a 
half  in  cleaning  up,  etc.  They  left  this  camp  at  11  o'clock  at  night  on 
August  30,  1918,  and  marched  silently  down  the  hill  to  the  train  sheds 
where  they  were  first  introduced  to  French  railroad  facilities,  cars  built 
for  "eight  horses,  40  men."  The  men  were  crowded  so  that  only  half 
of  them  could  lie  down  at  once  to  try  and  rest.  On  the  train  they  ate 
British  rations,  and  coffee  was  served  at  the  stations  by  the  French 
Eed  Cross.  On  Sunday,  September  1,  the  trains  landed  at  Libourne, 
where  the  regiment  was  split  up  and  billeted  in  different  towns,  St. 
Denis  de  Piles,  St.  Pardon,  Arvayres,  and  regimental  headquarters  at 
Vayres. 

The  billets  consisted  of  old  barns,  houses,  vacant  stores,  sheds  and 
cafes  that  had  gone  dry.  Soon  the  cooks  and  K.  P. 's  had  coffee,  bully 
beef  and  hard  tack  ready  to  serve. 

On  September  16  a  course  of  instruction  in  heavy  artillery  was 
established  for  officers,  one  for  each  battalion,  conducted  by  an  Ameri- 
can and  a  French  officer.  Real  field  problems  were  worked  out,  the 
school  lasting  until  November  4.  Special  details  of  men  and  officers 
were  sent  to  special  schools,  such  as  anti-aircraft,  machine  gun,  gas, 
radio,  aerial  observation,  and  the  like. 

Excitement  ran  nigh  on  rumors  of  an  armistice  and  papers  were 
scanned  for  "dope."  When  the  news  of  the  actually  signing  of  the 
armistice  reached  the  regiment,  the  lid  was  blown  off,  and  November 
11  and  12  given  to  celebration.  Each  battalion  held  a  parade  and  were 
reviewed  by  the  mayor  and  regimental  officers. 

From  that  time  on,  the  exercises  were  just  enough  to  keep  in 
physical  condition.  The  guns  were  shipped  to  St.  Sulpice  to  be  packed 
and  ready  to  ship  home.  About  November  24  another  excitement  arose 
on  rumors  of  a  start  for  home  soon.  It  was  a  race  to  see  which  battalion 
would  report  ready  first,  and  then  which  regiment  first.  All  equipment 
but  bare  necessities  were  turned  in,  and  yet  no  word  came  to  move.  It 
was  raining  constantly.  On  account  of  the  rush  order,  there  were  pre- 
mature celebrations  of  Thanksgiving,  with  its  feast.  The  country  was 
scoured  for  turkeys  and  many  secured.  With  lack  of  drills  on  account 
of  constant  rains,  time  hung  heavy  on  the  men's  hands.  The  band  then 
did  its  part  to  keep  up  spirits,  by  going  in  turn  to  each  battalion  for 
concerts.  Inspection  showed  a  fine  record  in  sanitation  for  the  regi- 
ment. Only  five  deaths  from  flu  occurred  in  the  regiment,  while  the 
disease  was  ravaging  the  French  population. 

From  the  time  of  its  organization  the  regiment  had  seen  many 
changes  of  officers.  On  January  8,  1919,  Col.  M.  C.  Barnes  took  com- 
mand and  piloted  the  68th  on  its  homeward  journey.  Delay  of  the 
embarkation  officers  at  Bordeaux  was  exasperating,  but  due  to  the  per- 
sistency of  Col.  Barnes  the  order  to  move  came  on  January  23.  One 
cold,  bitter  day  was  spent  at  embarkation  camp  No.  1  and  nine  days 
at  Camp  No.  2.  The  Salvation  Army  supplied  little  comforts  and  made 
the  boys  feel  at  least  as  if  they  were  nearer  home.  On  February  3,  1919, 
the  68th  moved  to  Bassens  docks  and  then  to  the  S.  S.  Matsonia.  It 
was  a  happy  day  to  be  really  on  board  ship.  The  voyage  home  was 
rough.  The  men  were  given  two  meals  a  day.  On  February  15  the 


256 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 


ship  emerged  from  the  heavy  fog  and  headed  into  New  York  harbor. 
The  ship  dropped  anchor  at  Fiftieth  street  at  5  p.  m.  The  next  morning 
she  docked  at  Hoboken  and  after  debarkation  the  men  were  sent  to 
Camp  Mills.  There  they  got  hot  meals,  received  a  real  delousing  and 
spent  much  time  on  leaves  to  New  York.  On  February  21  the  regiment 
left  for  Fort  Wadsworth  and  on  the  25th  the  Illinois  detachment  left 
for  Camp  Grant,  and  it  seemed  as  if  the  entire  regiment  was  going. 
On  the  evening  of  March  7  the  officers  of  Fort  Wadsworth  tendered  a 
farewell  dance  to  the  officers  of  the  regiment  which  was  to  cease  to 
exist  as  a  regiment  after  that  date. 


LOUIS  O.  EDDY 

A  very  great  measure  of  credit  for  his 
energetic  and  tireless  part  in  the  great 
war,  should  be  given  to  Louis  O.  Eddy  of 
Bloomington  who  had  charge  of  the  pub- 
licity department  of  the  McLean  County 
Council  of  Defense.  To  him,  as  chairman, 
was  entrusted  the  responsibility  of  secur- 
ing the  co-operation  of  all  the  newspapers, 
both  daily  and  weekly  in  city  and  country, 
in  publishing  articles  in  relation  to  the 
great  drives  by  the  various  war  relief  as- 
sociations. These  drives  came  in  rapid 
succession  and  required  a  constant  acti- 
vity in  completing  one  line  of  publicity 
and  preparing  for  another.  The  newspa- 
pers, threw  open  their  columns  with  a 
generosity  that  has  never  been  equalled 
and  thousands  of  columns  of  matter  in  re- 
lation to  the  war  drives,  were  printed. 
The  cheerful  and  co-operative  attitude  dis- 
played by  the  various  publications,  proved  a  source,  of  satisfaction  to 
the  chairman  of  the  publicity  department  and  materially  lightened  his 
labors.  In  addition  to  the  newspapers,  it  was  necessary  for  Chairman 
Eddy  to  secure  the  consent  of  all  merchants  to  utilize  their  display 
windows  for  posters  and  other  advertising  material.  Stands  for  posting 
the  huge  posters,  bill  boards,  etc.,  also  had  to  be  secured  and  the  various 
sheets,  displayed.  An  enormous  quantity  of  such  posters  and  advertis- 
ing material  was  distributed  and  displayed  throughout  the  county  dur- 
ing the  war.  It  is  certain  that  but  for  this  thorough  and  efficient  pub- 
licity campaign,  the  part  played  by  McLean  county  in  the  great  war, 
and  which  will  always  be  a  source  of  pride  to  every  citizen,  would  not 
have  been  so  flattering,  nor  the  results  so  colossal.  When  the  Council 
of  Defense  came  into  existence,  its  most  patent  and  pressing  obligation, 
particularly  imposed  upon  it  by  the  creating  act,  seemed  to  be  the  de- 
velopment of  a  civilian  morale  which  would  ensure  to  the  nation  the 
full  and  willing  co-operation  of  McLean  county  in  all  measures  required 
for  the  successful  prosecution  of  the  war,  due  to  the  polyglot  population 
and  multitude  of  interests.  At  the  outset,  the  war  spirit  was  not  fully 
aroused  and  essential  duties  and  sacrifices  not  clearly  sensed.  Disloyalty 
and  sedition  was  not  general,  but  there  was,  to  phrase  it  mildly,  con- 
siderable indifference  and  hesitancy  in  the  personal  attitude  toward  the 
war.  It  was  the  duty  of  the  Council  to  arouse  the  people,  to  make  known 
the  cause  of  the  war,  the  inevitability  of  this  country's  participation  and 
the  necessity  for  an  aggressive,  solidified  patriotism  to  win.  "Four 
minute  men,"  "neighborhood  committees"  and  other  measures,  proved 
wonderfully  successful,  in  arousing  dormant  patriotism.  The  publicity 
department  will  always  remain  a  bright  page  in  the  history  of  McLean 
county's  part  in  the  war. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 257 

WORK   OF   FRENCH-BELGIAN  RELIEF   ASSOCIATION 

The  French,  Belgian-Allied  Relief  Association  finished  its  work,  and 
on  Friday,  March  28th,  1919,  made  the  last  shipment  to  the  devastated 
countries.  This  statement  did  not  mean  a  great  deal  to  the  people  at 
large,  but  for  those  faithful  women  who  have  given  unsparingly  of  their 
time  and  strength,  the  closing  of  the  shop  had  a  deep  significance.  To 
Mrs.  G.  B.  Read  was  due  the  .credit  for  the  beginning  of  this  work. 

Early  in  the  fall  of  1917  she  became  interested  in  war  relief  work 
thru  her  visits  to  the  different  headquarters  in  Chicago,  and  eager  to 
do  something  of  which  Bloomington  might  be  proud,  she  gathered  about 
her  a  small  group  of  women,  who  immediately  caught  her  enthusiasm 
for  the  splendid  work.  She  turned  over  several  rooms  in  her  home  to 
their  use  and  in  October,  1917,  forty-five  children's  complete  outfits 
were  made.  In  all,  1213  garments  were  sent  across  to  relieve  the  suffer- 
ing in  France  in  the  first  shipment.  The  call  for  relief  became  louder, 
interest  increased  and  the  work  grew  to  such  proportions  that  it  be- 
came necessary  to  seek  rooms  more  centrally  located  and  better  adapted 
to  the  work. 

On  November  1st,  Mrs.  Ralph  D.  Fox  kindly  donated  the  vacant 
building  at  426  North  Main  Street.  It  was  here  that  the  organization 
was  perfected  and  the  first  regular  meeting  held.  The  following  officers 
and  directors  were  elected  at  this  time:  President,  Mrs.  G.  B.  Read; 
1st  Vice-President,  Mrs.  H.  S.  Eckhart;  2nd  Vice-President,  Mrs.  A.  W. 
Anderson;  Secretary,  Mrs.  F.  C.  Cole;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  W.  L.  Moore; 
Directors,  Mrs.  Kate  Brown,  Mrs.  R.  C.  Baldwin,  Mrs.  Charles  Brokaw, 
Mrs.  David  Davis,  Mrs.  Alonzo  Dolan,  Mrs.  C.  B.  Detrick,  Mrs.  Ralph 
D.  Fox,  Mrs.  J.  T.  Johnson,  Mrs.  Anna  B.  Wade,  Mrs.  K.  D.  Welch, 
Mrs.  Louise  Robinson. 

In  March,  1918,  it  again  became  necessary  to  move,  and  through 
the  kindness  of  Frank  Oberkoetter,  the  rooms  at  115  South  Main  Street 
were  secured  and  were  used  for  the  work  until  its  close. 

The  Board  was  very  grateful  to  C.  B.  Hamilton,  who  did  all  the 
hauling  free  and  which  meant  from  two  to  nine  boxes  a  week  for  eigh- 
teen months;  also  to  T.  P.  Murray  and  E.  H.  Henniger  who  faithfully 
donated  their  services  as  packers. 

As  an  association  they  always  went  "Over  the  Top"  in  every 
undertaking,  whether  it  was  Christmas  Packets,  French  Orphans,  an 
appeal  for  helpers,  or  what  not,  their  dreams  were  more  than  realized 
and  the  quotas  more  than  filled. 

The  French  and  Belgium  Relief  Shop  meant  much  to  the  commu- 
nity. It  was  open  every  day,  except  Sunday,  from  9  A.  M.  to  5  P.  M., 
since  its  organization,  with  some  members  of  the  Board  always  in  at- 
tendance. Church  Aid  Societies,  Clubs,  Lodges,  Leagues,  Thimble  So- 
cieties, etc.,  worked  there  in  a  body,  each  having  a  special  day  of  the 
week  for  its  meeting. 

There  were  all  sorts  of  entertainments  given  for  the  purpose  of 
raising  money,  notable  among  them  being  "The  Story  Hour"  given  by 
Miss  Raycraft,  "The  Birds'  Christmas  Carol"  produced  by  Mrs.  Roden- 
hauser  and  her  assistants,  "Our  Children"  put  on  by  Miss  Winifred 
Kates;  "The  Ladies  Minstrels"  elaborately  staged  by  the  Daughters 
of  Isabella;  "The  Garden  Party"  at  the  Country  Club,  the  "Pavement 
Dance"  on  East  Jefferson  Street,  "The  French  Market  and  Melting 
Pot,"  managed  by  the  Sigma  Kappas,  the  "Three  Day  Fete"  at  "The 
Oaks,"  the  "White  Elephant  Sale,"  managed  by  the  Kappa  Kappa 
Gammas,  and  a  number  of  social  functions,  all  donating  their  proceeds 
to  the  work. 

Through  the  French  and  Belgian  Association,  the  first  French  Or- 
phans were  adopted.  Mrs.  Read  and  Mrs.  David  Davis  had  charge  of 
that  part  of  the  work  and  it  was  due  to  their  untiring  efforts  that 


258  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

McLean  County  could  boast  of  having  adopted  500  orphans.  Mrs.  David 
Davis  also  had  charge  of  the  Christmas  Packets,  of  which  1095  were 
sent  to  the  wounded  in  hospitals  of  France  and  Italy. 

In  October,  1918,  a  little  Gift  Shop  was  opened  in  the  west  room 
of  the  Irvin  Theatre  building,  the  use  of  which  was  generously  donated 
by  Clarence  Irvin.  Here  were  to  be  found  all  sorts  of  dainty  hand- 
made gifts,  and  every  afternoon  tea  was  served  in  a  charmingly  ap- 
pointed little  tea  room  by  young  women  who  were  glad  to  be  of  service. 
Mrs.  Edith  Fielding  was  chairman  of  this  department  of  the  work,  until 
called  out  of  the  city.  Miss  Harriet  Hallam  was  her  able  successor,  who 
with  her  corps  of  helpers  turned  over  $1000  to  the  Relief  Association. 
Mrs.  H.  M.  Rollins  was  chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Refugee  Bags, 
and  with  her  helpers  packed  199.  Mrs.  Rollins  alone  filled  1500  house- 
wives, these  little  cases  containing  sewing  materials. 

Mrs.  Mark  Drum  has  been  a  faithful  chairman  of  the  Layette  Com- 
mittee, 505  complete  layettes  having  been  made  and  packed,  to  date. 

In  January  the  Board  expended  the  sum  of  $1500  in  blankets,  which 
were  sent  across.  1324  comforts  and  quilts  have  also  been  packed  and 
sent.  The  total  in  garments  packed  and  shipped  was  60,019. 

It  is  quite  impossible  to  tell  of  all  the  good  works  of  the  association. 
Local  charities  have  been  helped  from  the  overflow.  To  all  those  who 
have  given  of  their  time,  money,  and  strength  the  directors  were  deeply 
grateful  and  felt  confident  that  they  have  been  doubly  blessed  in  the 
giving. 

The  following  summary  of  shipments  to  the  different  countries  made 
by  this  organization  showed: 

Women's  garments  to  France,  Belgium  and  Italy — 1,513  coats,  275 
suits,  856  dresses,  708  skirts,  944  waists,  277  petticoats,  138  drawers,  43 
chemise,  796  underwear,  292  pairs  stockings,  112  aprons,  50  shawls,  35 
sweaters,  237  scarfs.  Total  of  6,276. 

Refugee  bags,  each  containing  28  articles — 71  bags  to  France,  24 
to  Belgium,  21  to  Italy;  total  of  3,248  articles.  Also  93  bags  to  Italy 
each  containing  27  articles.  Total  of  2,511  articles. 

Miscellaneous  garments  shipped  to  France,  Belgium  and  Italy — 1,324 
comforts,  437  blankets,  219  pillows,  466  pillow  cases,  305  towels,  1,119 
handkerchiefs,  43  sheets,  15  wristlets,  153  pairs  mittens,  707  pairs  shoes, 
14  aviator  vests.  Total  4,802. 

For  Babies — 1,502  rompers,  12  baby  gowns,  12  kimonas,  1,156  dresses, 
37  jackets,  316  bootees,  25  bibs,  7  skirts,  61  diapers.  Total,  2,128. 

Soap  and  other  articles — 1,537. 

Christmas  packets  to  French  and  Italian  hospitals  and  to  French 
orphans,  1,175. 

Hospital  garments  to  France — 486  bandages,  106  bands,  60  bed  socks, 
12  bath  mitts,  46  operating  masks,  16  leggins,  195  con  caps,  36  ice  bag 
covers,  9  hot  water  bottle  covers,  636  cup  covers,  80  lunch  cloths,  5 
table  cloths,  22  spreads,  229  napkins,  18  hospital  shirts,  38  bath  robes. 
Total,  1,994. 

Layettes — Total  of  505  to  France,  Belgium  and  Italy,  containing 
13,635  articles. 

Men's  garments  to  France,  Italy  and  Belgium — 67  overcoats,  221 
coats,  129  suits,  175  pants,  329  vests,  456  shirts,  594  underwear,  184 
pajamas,  211  sweaters,  1,554  socks,  45  caps.  Total  of  3,965. 

Boys'  garments — 42  overcoats,  97  coats,  376  suits,  615  pants,  1,001 
waists,  442  underwear,  84  sweaters,  353  caps.  Total  of  3,010.  Also  37 
refugee  bags  for  boys,  containing  481  articles. 

Girls'  garments — 553  coats,  16  suits,  4,588  dresses,  87  middies,  69 
skirts,  2,306  petticoats,  947  drawers,  8^4  waists,  489  gowns,  53  chemise, 
478  aprons,  975  underwear,  1,180  stockings,  69  sweaters,  1,387  caps. 
Total  14,011. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 


259 


Eefugce  bags  for  girls — Total  of  57  shipped,  containing  741  articles. 

The  reports  on  Belgian  orphan  funds  was  as  follows:  Christmas  fund, 
,$100;  assigned  Belgian  orphans  adopted  14,  $616;  fund  to  Belgian  or- 
phans, $1,580.50. 

Mrs.  Mabel  W.  Moore,  treasurer,  made  the  following  report  covering 
finances  from  November,  1917,  until  March  27,  1919: 

Receipts — Donations  $2,198.35,  monthly  donations  $842;  garden 
party  $164,  street  dance  $1,070.52;  French  market  $582,  lawn  fete 
$5,663.71;  white  elephant  sale  $1,670.12,  melting  pot  $122.80;  gift  shop 
$1,000;  other  entertainments  and  miscellaneous,  $1,875.86.  Total  of 
$15,189.36. 

Paid  out — For  materials,  heat,  light,  janitor,  freight  and  incidentals, 
$11,346.28;  association  adopted  15  French  orphans,  and  to  provide  for 
them  next  year  loaned  $2,000;  total  paid  out  $13,346.28.  This  left  a 
balance  in  treasury  on  March  27,  1919,  of  $1,843.08,  which  the  board 
voted  executive  committee  should  use  as  they  saw  best. 

Mrs.  David  Davis,  as  County  Chairman  of  The  Fatherless  Children 
of  France  Committee  made  the  following  report:  February  first  for 
McLean  County,  375;  Bloomington,  196;  County  outside  of  Blooming- 
ton,  179;  No.  previous  to  October  1st,  78;  total  453.  No.  still  to  be 
returned,  15.  Grand  total,  468. 


Harry    Hiplert,    Paul    HuffiiiRton,    Frank   Hilpert,    Harry   H.   Hall,    G.    M.   Hargitt 
(Above)   Center — Ulark  Hawk;    left — Lyle  I.  Hoover;    rif/ht — Merle  Hutchinson. 


FROZE  NOSE  IN  JULY 

Donald  Jones  of  LeRoy,  while  in  the  aviation  training  camp  at 
Arcadia,  Florida,  in  July,  1918,  reached  such  an  altitude  one  day  in  a 
practice  flight,  that  he  froze  his  nose.  The  member  swelled  up  to  an 
abnormal  size  the  next  day  and  peeled  off.  The  temperature  on  the 
ground  at  the  time  was  in  the  90  'a. 


260 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 


MRS.   G.   BURT  READ 

Her  sympathies  for  the  Allies  aroused, 
long  before  America  entered  into  the  great 
war,  Mrs.  G.  Burt  Bead  of  1203  East  Jef- 
ferson street,  Bloomington,  determined  to 
do  what  she  could  for  the  relief  of  the 
French  soldiers  and  purchased  material 
and  made  pajamas  during  1916  for  their 
use.  She  worked  for  a  time  alone  but 
later  a  sewing  club  of  which  she  was  a 
member,  took  up  the  duty,  others  became 
interested  and  out  of  this  small  beginning 
early  in  1917,  grew  one  of  the  most  useful 
and  helpful  of  all  the  organizations  among 
the  women  of  McLean  county.  Allied  re- 
lief of  all  kinds  was  extended  and  gar- 
ments sent  to  the  soldiers  of  France,  Bel- 
gium and  Italy  and  also  to  the  women  and 
orphaned  children  of  these  nations.  Ship- 
ments were  made  via  Chicago  and  the  New 
York  City  organization  and  also  the  Dur- 
yea  War  Relief  Bureau.  Sept.  10,  1917, 
marked  the  beginning  of  the  sewing  club  activities  and  it  made  a  notable 
record  until  the  close  of  the  war.  Out  of  this  beginning  grew  the  Belgian, 
French  and  Allied  Relief  organization  and  huge  shipments  of  clothing 
were  made.  McLean  county  led  all  counties  of  the  state,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  Cook,  in  the  volume  of  shipments  and  in  other  activities  in 
this  direction.  The  work  of  the  Belgian  Relief  is  told  in  detail  else- 
where in  this  volume.  Mrs.  Read  also  launched  the  campaign  in  behalf 
of  the  adoption  of  French  orphans,  no  less  than  468  of  such  adoptions 
being  made  by  the  men  and  women  of  McLean  county,  so  vastly  much 
more  than  any  other  county  of  the  state  excepting  Cook  as  to  make  the 
showing  noteworthy  and  attracting  the  attention  of  the  French  govern- 
ment. Mrs.  Read  and  her  husband  were  in  Chicago  to  attend  the  recep- 
tion given  for  Cardinal  Mercier  of  Belgium  when  he  toured  the  United 
States.  He  personally  thanked  her  for  her  services  in  behalf  of  the 
destitute  of  his  country.  Mrs.  Read  was  awarded  a  medal  by  the  Duchesse 
of  Vendome  of  Belgium,  King  Albert's  sister,  who  had  charge  of  the 
Belgian  relief  in  recognition  of  her  services  and  has  also  received  diplo- 
mas and'  letters,  expressing  the  gratitude  of  the  French,  Belgian  and 
Italian  governments. 


Above — Alvin   Dunn. 
Center   (left  to  right) — Willis  H.  Dam- 
bold,   Harvey  B.   Downey. 
Below — Charles  E.  Daniel. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WO  ELD    WAR 


261 


D.  O.  Thompson 


FARMERS  IN  HEROIC  WORK  FOR  VICTORY 

McLean  county  farmers  have  a  record  of 
vigorous  war  service.  One  phase  of  this  is 
their  subscription  to  the  government  war 
loans.  The  buying  of  these  bonds  thruout 
the  county  is  shown  elsewhere  in  this  book 
in  considerable  detail.  The  population  of  the 
two  cities,  Bloomington  and  Normal,  is  dis- 
tinctly less  than  half  that  of  the  county; 
and  the  people  living  on  farms  number  just 
about  twice  as  many  as  all  those  in  the  vil- 
lages and  cities  outside  the  two  named.  Com- 
paring the  amount  of  bonds  bought  in  Bloom- 
ington and  Normal  with  the  total  amount 
bought  in  the  county,  it  is  seen  that  a  very 
large  proportion  of  the  subscriptions  came 
from  the  farm.  This  is  made  still  more  em- 
phatic when  it  is  noted  that  many  people  in 
the  cities  and  smaller  towns  own  land  and 
derive  a  considerable  part  of  their  income 
from  the  farm,  and  yet  their  bond  subscrip- 
tions were  credited  to  the  city  or  town  where 
they  live. 

But  still  more  important  was  the  response 
in  food  production.  This  showed  itself  in 
two  distinct  ways, — in  labor  and  in  increase 
of  wheat  and  pork  raising.  Our  farmers  never  worked  so  hard  before 
or  accomplished  so  much  per  man.  Having  furnished  their  full  quota 
of  soldier  boys  and  having  lost  many  other  hands  to  city  work,  they 
were  very  short  of  farm  help — shorter  than  ever  before  in  their  farm- 
ing. A  great  many  farmers  had  little  or  no  extra  help  during  harvest. 
In  many  cases  the  one  or  two  men  on  the  farm  had  to  shock  all  the 
wheat  and  oats.  There  was  much  risk  of  loss  in  this.  The  farmers 
made  the  tremendous  attempt  to  increase  their  crops  when  their  help 
was  greatly  reduced — the  greatest  effort  of  their  lives.  They  made  an 
almost  unbelievable  success  of  it,  and  it  was  not  done  simply  for  the 
money;  a  supreme  effort  to  help  win  the  war  and  feed  the  Allies  was 
the  uppermost  thought  and  very  apparent  to  all  who  went  among  them. 
This  was  emphatically  expressed  by  D.  O.  Thompson,  the  county  farm 
adviser,  who  had  intimate  knowledge  of  their  conviction  and  doings. 
A  great  many  men  who  had  retired  from  the  farm  or  from  most  of  its 
hard  work  went  back  into  the  fields  and  gave  valuable  service.  Ab- 
solutely every  man  went  to  work,  and  to  the  limit  in  the  long  days  and 
intensity  of  his  work. 

The  usual  wheat  acreage  was  6,000  or  7,000  acres,  but  under  the 
government  call  for  wheat  to  provide  food  and  the  systematic  drive 
of  Farm  Adviser  D.  O.  Thompson,  this  was  increased  to  40,000  or  50,000 
acres  of  wheat. 

The  government  call  for  increased  pork  was  also  heeded,  and  a 
great  many  more  pigs  were  raised,  and  this  largely  without  regard  to 
whether  they  would  bring  an  extra  profit.  Probably  its  greatest  effect 
was  that  a  great  number  of  farmers  each  added  a  few  more  sows.  Much 
more  pork  was  produced. 

The  fact  is  the  farmers  changed  their  system  of  farming,  omitted 
the  usual  clover  so  necessary  for  the  soil,  and  did  everything  possible 
to  increase  the  products  so  greatly  needed  to  support  the  war.  The 
response  was  complete.  Nobody  came  over  to  new  ways,  community  co- 
operation and  the  every  day  doing  of  the  heretofore  impossible  more 
than  the  farmer  of  McLean  county.  And  nobody  did  what  had  to  be 


262 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WO  ELD    WAS 


done  in  quicker  time  or  larger  amount.  The  sum  of  the  farmers' 
accomplishment  is  an  enduring  monument  to  their  sense  of  citizenship 
and  determination  to  win  the  war. 

The  McLean  County  Better  Farming  Association  suspended  its 
usual  activities  and  lent  the  services  of  the  farm  adviser,  D.  O.  Thomp- 
son, to  war  work  during  practically  the  entire  war  period.  It  came  to 
be  recognized  as  representing  the  farmers  and  speaking  for  the  farmers 
in  whatever  there  was  to  be  done,  and  far  greater  results  w^ere  secured 
thru  this  organization  than  could  have  been  possible  otherwise. 


THE  FOUR-MINUTE  MEN 

One  of  the  volunteer  organizations 
which  worked  at  home  to  promote  the 
spirit  of  victory  was  that  of  the  Four- 
Minute  Men.  The  McLean  county 
body  of  this  name  was  similar  to 
those  of  other  places,  but  none  were 
more  enthusiastic  and  able  than  that 
of  McLean  county.  The  committee 
of  public  information  at  Washington 
on  October  15,  1917,  appointed  C.  B. 
Hughes,  a  well  known  attorney,  as 
chairman  of  the  Four  Minute  men  of 
McLean  county.  The  organization 
was  active  in  Bed  Cross  drives,  y,.  W. 
C.  A.,  Liberty  Loan  and  United  war 
work  campaigns,  also  on  special  occa- 
sions, and  on  special  subjects.  The 
objects  of  speaking  was  to  enlighten 
by  statement  of  facts  and  duties  of 
citizens  and  arouse  to  action. 

Nearly  all  the  moving  picture 
houses  in  the  different  towns  of  the 
county  permitted  Four  Minute  men 
to  address  their  audiences  at  many 
performances.  In  Bloomington,  the 
following  theaters  were  thus  used: 
Majestic,  Irvin,  Castle,  Chatterton 
and  the  Scenic.  Meetings  were  held 
on  special  occasions  in  many  towns,  and  in  many  country  school  houses 
and  churches  the  Four  Minute  men  were  privileged  to  address  the  people. 
Medals  for  making  more  than  10  speeches  during  Liberty  Loan 
Campaigns  were  given  to  James  C.  Riley,  Edmund  O'Connell  and  C.  B. 
Hughes.  C.  B.  Hughes  spoke  142  different  times  in  county  during  war 
on  war  subjects.  The  following  were  speakers  enrolled  for  the  purposes 
of  four  minute  speeches: 


C.  B.  Hughes 


John   Alexander 
E.    C.   Baldwin 
Martin  Brennan 
A.   K.  Byrns 
E.    E,    Donnelly 
Will  F.  Costigan 
Earl  DePew 
Frank  Gillespie 
Bert  A.  Franklin 
Homer  Hall 
Frank    Hanson 
Richard  F.  Dunn 


Jesse  E.  Hoffman 
E.  B.  Hawk 
James  C.  Riley 
R.   M.  O'Connell 
John   B.  Lennon 
WTalter  Will 
Rolla   Jones 
J.   H.   Hudson 
Sigmund    Livingston 
James  A.  Light 
Huber   Light 
M.  M.  Morrissey 


B.  C.  Moore 
Edmund    O'Connell 
K.   W.   Oglevee 
Hal   M.  Stone 
John   M.   Sullivan 
D.  O.  Thompson 
W.    W.    Whitmore 
W.  R.  Bach 
Fred   W.  Wollrab 
D.  D.  Donahue 
L.  H.  Martin 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


263 


EUGENE  D.  FUNK 

One  of  the  most  interesting  and 
important  .war  relief  activities  was 
that  relating  to  food  production  and 
conservation.  In  September,  1917,  it 
became  evident  that  steps  were  nec- 
essary to  stimulate  and  encourage 
an  increased  food  production  in  Illi- 
nois during  the  war,  especially  upon 
those  foods  that  were  most  needed 
and  to  assist  farming  and  live  stock 
interests  in  all  ways  possible.  This 
campaign  included  conservation  of 
food  and  avoidance  of  waste.  Meas- 
ures were  adopted  to  effect  a  state 
wide  food  production  and  conserva- 
tion organization.  The  various  agri- 
cultural and  live  stock  organizations 
were  functioning  satisfactorily  but 
it  was  planned  to  lend  constructive 
assistance  and  co-operate  for  the 
purposes  of  co-ordinating  as  much  as 
possible  and  eliminate  duplication  of 
efforts.  A  food  production  and  con- 
servation committee  was  organized 
in  McLean  County  and  each  other 
county  of  the  state  and  there  were 
seed  corn  committees;  pork  produc- 
tion; beef  production,  wool  and 

mutton  production,  etc.  Mr.  Eugene  D.  Funk  of  Shirley  was  honored 
by  appointment  as  a  member  of  the  General  War  Conference  Food  Com- 
mittee and  made  chairman  of  the  National  Seed  Corn  Administration. 
Mr.  Funk  was  summoned  first  to  Washington  in  May,  1916,  by  Her- 
bert Hoover,  national  food  administrator,  and  was  appointed  a  member 
of  the  committee  of  twelve  to  fix  the  price  of  wheat  by  President  Wilson. 
At  the  suggestion  of  Mr.  Hoover,  he  was  also  placed  upon  the  Agricul- 
tural Advisory  Committee  of  the  Food  Administration  and  the  U.  S. 
Department  of  Agriculture  by  President  Wilson.  The  fact  that  Mr. 
Funk  has  served  as  president  of  the  National  Corn  Association  since  it 
was  first  organized  in  1908;  is  a  member  of  the  Agricultural  Committee 
of  the  United  States  Chamber  of  Commerce;  Treasurer  of  the  State  Live 
Stock  Association  of  Illinois;  and  Chairman  of  the  Illinois  State  Seed 
Corn  Administration,  gave  him  especial  prominence  and  had  a  tendency 
to  secure  his  appointment  upon  the  important  war  boards.  Mr.  Funk 
put  in  eighteen  strenuous  months  in  Washington.  Interests  antagonistic 
to  the  farmers  exerted  tremendous  pressure,  but  Mr.  Funk  stood  firm 
and  deserves  a  large  measure  of  credit  for  the  recognition  given  the 
American  farmers'  part  in  helping  to  win  the  war  and  also  in  pre- 
serving the  rights  of  the  men  who  till  the  soil.  He  witnessed  scenes  in 
the  committee  rooms  in  Washington  that  would  have  caused  the  blood 
of  any  American  farmer  to  boil.  Their  interests  were  more  than  once 
in  jeopardy  and  considered  only  as  secondary  by  those  who,  through 
ignorance  or  otherwise,  had  little  inclination  to  respect  the  rights  of 
tho  farmer. 

The  disastrous  frosts  of  1917  left  the  striking  lesson  that  farmers 
should  create  a  sufficient  reserve  of  seed  corn  at  harvest  time  for  the 
following  springs  planting.  In  September,  1918,  a  campaign  was  launched 
under  the  direction  of  Mr.  Funk  urging  the  farmers  of  Illinois  to  select 
the  best  seed  corn  early  and  arrange  for  proper  storage  facilities.  Seed 


264 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


corn  weeks  were  arranged  by  districts  and  250,000  copies  of  posters 
were  distributed.  The  campaign  brought  satisfactory  results  and  reports 
indicated  that  more  farmers  than  usual  were  performing  this  task.  The 
message  that  farmers  should  use  care  in  selecting  their  seed  corn  and 
in  testing  it  before  planting,  was  visualized  at  a  seed  corn  show  and 
demonstration  held  under  the  auspices  of  the  State  Council  of  Defense 
at  the  International  Live  Stock  Exposition  during  the  week  beginning 
November  30,  1918,  in  Chicago.  A  comprehensive  seed  corn  exhibit  por- 
traying this  message,  was  installed  and  competent  authorities  were 
present  to  talk  with  the  visitors.  This  demonstration  was  a  gratifying 
success  and  it  was  the  general  opinion  that  good  work  was  being  reg- 
istered. The  seed  corn  needs  of  the  state  were  well  taken  care  of.  Over 
250,000  bushels  of  tested  seed  were  sold  to  Illinois  farmers  and  only  six 
complaints  were  registered  against  it.  The  sale  of  seed  corn  of  doubtful 
germination  from  seedsmen  of  questionable  reputation,  was  stopped  in 
many  instances.  The  administration  not  only  supplied  seed  to  the  state 
but  also  protected  farmers  from  many  unscrupulous  seedsmen.  Mr.  Funk 
and  other  members  of  the  Seed  Corn  Administration  deserve  the  highest 
commendation  for  their  participation  in  this  work.  It  was  a  great  sacri- 
fice because  they  necessarily  were  forced  to  neglect  their  own  interests 
to  be  of  service  in  the  larger  work  of  supplying  the  state  with  seed. 
Their  efforts  will  be  of  lasting  benefit  to  Illinois  agriculture  as  the 
gospel  of  seed  testing  was  emphasized  as  it  never  was  before. 


FRANK  W.  ALDRICH 

Frank  W.  Aldrich,  1506  E.  Washing- 
ton Street,  Bloomington,  enlisted  in  the 
Red  Cross  Service  and  left  Bloomington 
on  May  16th,  1918. 

He  was  Field  Director  for  the  Ameri- 
can Red  Cross  at  U.  S.  General  Hospital 
No.  16,  New  Haven,  Connecticut,  from 
May  21st,  1918,  to  November  21st,  1918, 
and  on  December  6th,  after  a  short  visit 
home,  took  the  position  of  Associate  Di- 
rector of  Camp  Service  at  the  Headquar- 
ters of  the  Atlantic  Division,  A.  R.  C.,  at 
44  East  Twenty-third  Street,  New  York 
City,  and  remained  in  that  work  until 
April  1st,  1919. 

His  work  at  New  Haven  was  the  di- 
rection of  the  Red  Cross  activities  in  the 
army  tuberculosis  hospital  there,  and 
while  in  New  York,  his  work  took  him 
to  all  the  Camps,  Hospitals  and  Stations 
in  the  Atlantic  Division,  about  forty  in 
number. 


TWO   SONS  IN  NAVY 

Victor  W.  Overton,  Jr.  and  Ross  M.  Overton  were  both  in  the  naval 
service  during  the  war.  They  were  sons  of  Rev.  V.  W.  Overton,  for 
several  years  superintendent  of  the  Northern  Illinois  conference  of  the 
United  Brethren  Church.  He  had  moved  to  Peoria  at  the  time  of  the 
war  and  the  boys  went  into  service  from  there. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


265 


Charles  F.  Ross 


MCLEAN  COUNTY  OFFICERS 

The  McLean  County  Board  of 
Supervisors  during  the  years 
1917-18  was  notable  for  the  pa- 
triotism of  its  members  and  the 
constant  desire  to  do  everything 
possible  to  help  win  the  war. 
Both  individually  and  as  a  body, 
the  board  fitly  represented  the 
great  county  of  McLean,  garden 
spot  of  the  corn  belt,  the  richest 
agricultural  district  of  the  world. 
The  board  arranged  for  the  great 
service  flag  which  contained 
many  thousand  stars  each  typify- 
ing a  soldier  that  this  county  had 
contributed  to  the  great  armies 
of  Uncle  Sam.  In  every  way  pos- 
sible, the  board  did  its  full  duty 
and  it  earned  the  grateful  appre- 
ciation of  the  entire  public.  The 
war-time  board,  was  composed  of 
the  following  members  (Chas.  F. 
Boss,  Mount  Hope,  Chairman): 
E.  E.  Ewing,  Allin;  C.  E.  Ewins,  Danvers;  Parke  Enlow,  Dale; 
F.  L.  Bramwell,  Dry  Grove;  S.  L.  Stutzman,  White  Oak;  C.  Allen,  Ran- 
dolph; F.  J.  Blum,  C.  C.  Wagner,  Louie  Forman,  Dwight  D.  Moore,  Wm. 
Schmidt,  Wm.  E.  Eayburn,  Charles  Lathrop,  Thos.  P.  Kane,  George  Zinn, 
John  F.  Welch,  W.  H.  Flesh er,  Bloomington;  E.  P.  Mohr,  E.  F.  Coolidge, 
Normal;  H.  H.  Wagner,  Downs;  M.  E.  Eamseyer,  Hudson;  George 
Meiner,  Old  Town,  B.  G.  Falkingham,  Towanda;  A.  A.  Stewart,  Money 
Creek;  C.  W.  Kinsella,  Gridley;  Wm.  Vance,  Empire;  Al.  Jackson,  Daw- 
son;  Thomas  Arnold,  Blue  Mound;  Clayton  Ballinger,  Lexington;  Jacob 
Moschel,  Chenoa;  C.  Imstead,  West;  John  H.  Jacobs,  Arrow-smith;  A.  L. 
Hutson,  Martin;  Chas.  Atkinson,  Lawndale;  James  Hanes,  Yates;  J.  E. 
Smith,  Bellflower;  E.  M.  Merritt,  Cheney's  Grove;  Jacob  Martens, 
Anchor;  William  Blair,  Cropsey;  S.  C.  Van  Horn,  Funks  Grove. 

The  officers  of  the  county  during  the  war  were  the  following: 
Circuit  Court  Judge,  Sain  Welty;  County  Judge,  James  C.  Eiley; 
County  Clerk,  P.  A.  Guthrie;  County  Treasurer,  Jos.  Eice;  Circuit  Clerk, 
John  C.  Allen;  Eeeorder,  N.  B.  Carson;  Sheriff,  Geo.  E.  Flesher;  State's 
Attorney,  Miles  K.  Young;  Assistant  State's  Attorney,  W.  B.  Leach; 
Superintendent  Schools,  B.  C.  Moore;  Coroner,  James  Hare;  Surveyor, 
A.  H.  Bell;  Master  in  Chancery,  Homer  W.  Hall;  Public  Administrator, 
Fred  \V.  Wollrab;  Public  Guardian,  Richard  F.  Dunn;  Superintendent 
County  Farm,  Arthur  Jones;  County  Physician,  Dr.  Guy  A.  Sloan;  Poor 
Master,  Mabel  Seymour;  Probation  Officer  County  Court,  Nannie  M. 
Dunkin;  Court  Reporter  Circuit  Court,  C.  C.  Herr;  Court  Eeporter 
County  Court,  A.  A.  Hoffmann;  Probation  Officer  Circuit  Court,  William 
Irvin;  County  Superintendent  Highways,  Ealph  O.  Edwards. 


Davis  H.  Daniel,  Eston  Dennis,  C.  A.  Doggett,  Wm.  E.  Deane,  Gus  D.  Doenitz, 
Elmer  Doggette,  Paul  G.  Dally,  Earl  Dishong,  Raymond  Duehr,  Frank 
Dwyer. 


266  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    TllK    U'Oh'LI)    WAR 


WAR-TIME  LEGISLATORS 

Members  of  the  Illinois  legislature  from  the  Twenty-sixth  district 
during  the  period  of  the  war,  when  many  vital  issues  for  the  state  were 
settled  in  the  capitol,  were  Senator  William  H.  Wright  of  McLean, 
Representatives  William  Rowe  of  Saybrook,  George  Dooley  of  Leroy 
and  William  Noble  of  Gibson  City.  Senator  Wright  is  a  native  of  Ver- 
mont, who  removed  to  Illinois  in  1857.  He  has  been  a  farmer  all  his 
life.  He  was  elected  to  the  House  in  the  46th  and  47th  assemblies  and 
chosen  senator  in  the  fall  of  1917.  Senator  Wright  has  been  a  leader 
in  his  community,  prominent  in  the  various  war  relief  movements  and 
active  and  influential  in  the  various  patriotic  legislative  acts  while 
the  great  war  was  in  progress.  McLean  County  was  fortunate  as  well 
as  the  state  and  nation  in  the  possession  of  such  men  in  the  legislative 
halls  during  that  crucial  period. 

HON.  WILLIAM  ROWE 

William  Rowe  is  a  farmer  and  stock  raiser;  was  a  native  of  Ohio 
and  lived  in  Illinois  since  1864.  For  twenty-three  years  he  engaged  in 
business  in  Saybrook;  was  vice-president  of  the  Citizens'  bank,  and 
served  many  years  on  the  town  and  school  board.  For  ten  years  he 
served  on  the  county  board  of  supervisors  and  two  years  as  chairman. 
He  was  elected  to  the  house  from  1912  to  1918  continuously.  The 
record  of  Representative  Rowe  was  of  high  class  and  he  ranks  with 
the  ablest  representatives  that  have  served  the  26th  district.  Always 
loyal  and  patriotic,  Mr.  Rowe  won  the  high  approval  of  his  constituents 
by  his  course.  The  welfare  of  the  nation  was  first  in  his  thoughts. 


HON.  GEORGE  DOOLEY 

George  Dooley  of  Leroy  is  one  of  McLean  County's  well  known 
farmers,  being  a  native  of  the  county.  He  was  educated  in  the  common 
schools  and  business  college;  served  as  alderman  at  Leroy  eight  years 
and  supervisor  six  years.  He  married  Rosa  L.  West,  daughter  of  Hon. 
Simeon  West.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Methodist  church,  and  served 
his  first  term  in  the  legislature  during  the  war.  Mr.  Dooley,  although 
the  minority  representative  from  the  district,  was  with  the  majority 
when  it  came  to  patriotic  action  and  all  efforts  to  help  win  the  war. 
His  record  stands  the  test  and  he  reflected  credit  upon  his  district,  the 
state  and  the  country  at  large.  His  was  the  fullest  measure  of  pat- 
riotism. 

HON.  WILLIAM  NOBLE 

William  Noble  of  Ford  County  is  a  native  of  Ohio,  but  moved  to 
Champaign  County  in  1891,  and  later  to  Ford  County.  He  graduated 
from  the  University  of  Illinois  in  1896.  The  war-time  legislature  was 
his  first  experience  in  legislative  halls,  but  his  efficiency  and  faithful- 
ness to  the  trust  reposed  in  him  was  of  the  highest  character  and  not 
surpassed  by  those  of  many  years  service  in  the  halls  of  legislation. 
He  fitly  represented  the  26th  district.  Messrs.  Wright,  Rowe  and  Noble 
are  Republicans,  and  Mr.  Dooley  a  Democrat. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR  267 


Members  51st  General  Assembly 


268 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 


WAR  TIME  SHERIFFS 

McLean  county's  war  time  sheriffs  were 
George  E.  Flesher  and  Ralph  Spafford.  The 
former  served  from  December,  1914,  until 
1918,  while  the  latter  succeeded  Flesher  on 
December  1,  1918,  for  a  four  year  term, 
having  been  chief  deputy  under  Sheriff 
Flesher  throughout  the  latter 's  term.  The 
two  therefore,  bore  the  brunt  of  the  heavy 
responsibilities  and  vastly  increased  duties, 
incidental  to  the  war.  The  sheriff  had 
charge  of  the  first  draft  registration  and 
later,  the  department  of  justice  turned  over 
to  that  officer  the  enforcement  of  the  war 
regulations.  The  various  exemption  boards 
called  upon  the  sheriff  and  his  deputies  to 
look  up  draft  evaders  and  those  who  had 
neglected  to  register.  In  such  a  great  county 
as  McLean,  this  duty  in  itself  was  an  onerous 

one.  Sheriff  Flesher  and  his  deputies  co-operated  at  all  times  with  the  depart- 
ment of  justice  and  there  were  hundreds  of  cases  of  various  kinds  growing 
out  of  the  war  which  fell  to  the  lot  of  the  sheriff  and  his  assistants  to  handle. 
The  Legal  Division  of  the  War  Eisk  Insurance  Bureau  required  many  in- 
vestigations and  which  were  turned  over  to  the  sheriff.  In  a  multitude  of 
other  ways,  Sheriff  Flesher  and  Chief  Deputy  and  later  Sheriff  Spafford, 
loyally  and  faithfully  co-operated  with  the  government  and  state  forces  and 
their  office  ranked  as  100  per  cent 
perfect,  making  a  record  for  effi- 
ciency that  had  no  superior  and 
few  equals  in  all  Illinois.  Thanks 
to  the  efforts  of  Sheriff  Flesher 
and  his  assistants  during  the  try- 
ing days  of  the  great  war,  the 
responsibilities  that  were  forced 
upon  these  efforts,  were  always 
handled  to  the  entire  satisfaction 
of  the  various  agencies  that  ap- 
pealed to  them  and  the  people  of 
McLean  county  owe  a  debt  of 
gratitude  to  these  officers  for 
their  tireless  service,  all  per- 
formed without  additional  com- 
pensation. The  demand  upon 
them  was  great,  but  there  was 
no  hesitation  and  no  failure.  The 
record  is  one  for  which  Sheriff 
Flesher,  Chief  Deputy  Spafford, 
Deputies  William  Kennedy  and 
Ealph  Flesher,  and  all  others 
connected  with  the  office,  have 
reason  to  be  proud. 


Chief    Deputy    Ralph   Spafford 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOULD    WAR 


269 


MRS.  FRANK  H.  FUNK 

The  history  of  McLean  county's  part  in  the  war  would  be  sadly  incomplete  if 
a  tribute  was  not  paid  to  the  women  whose  efforts  under  the  direction  of  the 
Council  of  Defense  furnished  one  of  the  most  inspiring  features  of  the  great  con- 
flict. Too  much  can  not  be  said  in  praise  of  them.  Without  hope  of  reward  or 
even  recognition  of  their  sacrifices,  they  gave  their  time,  their  energy  and  their 
best  thought  without  stint.  They  were  as  truly,  and  as  usefully,  in  the  service 
of  their  country  as  were  those  who 
bore  official  titles  or  wore  the  nation's 
uniform.  One  of  the  most  notable 
examples  is  Mrs.  Frank  H.  Funk  of 
Bloomington,  who  was  an  active  mem- 
ber of  the  Executive  Committee,  Wom- 
ans  Committee  State  Council  of  De- 
fense of  Illinois,  and  the  Womans 
Committee  Council  of  National  De- 
fense, Illinois  Division,  having  been  a 
member  of  the  committee  from  its  or- 
ganization in  May,  1917,  until  the 
disbanding  of  the  committee  ih  Octo- 
ber, 1919.  Also,  during  the  war,  Mrs. 
Funk  was  Vice-President  of  the  Illi- 
nois Federation  of  Womens  Clubs 
which  started  the  organizing  of  units 
for  the  Council  of  Defense.  Mrs.  Funk 
organized  the  Seventeenth  Congres- 
sional District  for  the  Council  of  De- 
fense and  was  instrumental  in  organ- 
izing for  the  work  of  the  Liberty 
Loans  undertaken  by  the  women.  Mrs. 
Funk  organized  many  units  of  the 
Council  of  Defense  and  was  the 
speaker  on  numerous  occasions  for  the 
promotion  of  War  work.  The  Wom- 
ens Committee,  Council  of  Defense 
raised  $73,000  from  the  Registration 
fee,  which  was  a  voluntary  offering 
given  by  women  who  registered  for 
War  work,  and  registered  700,000 
women  for  War  service  of  different 

kinds.  In  addition  to  this  sum  nearly  a  hundred  thousand  dollars  was  raised  by 
the  Womens  Committee,  partly  by  subscription  and  partly  by  business  ventures. 
Besides  all  this  the  Womens  Committee  raised  $473,000.00  by  Tag  Days,  giving 
the  money  to  assist  various  War  activities,  such  as  Belgium  Relief,  etc.  The 
Womens  Committee,  National  Council  of  Defense  had  much  to  dp  with  the  success- 
ful choruses,  called  Liberty  choruses,  in  the  State,  and  distributed  81,000  free 
song  books.  The  Committee  established  and  maintained  a  Training  Farm  for  women 
at  Libertyville,  and  sent  from  there  76  well  trained  women  capable  of  doing 
Agriculture  or  Dairy  work;  the  herd,  implements,  etc.,  were  afterwards  given  to 
the  self-Help  College  at  Carlinville.  The  Food  Production  Department  promoted 
War  gardens  and  reports  came  in  from  90,000  school  children  who  worked  gardens. 
The  Americanization  Department  held  three  institutes  for  the  Foreign  born,  reach- 
ing about  fifty  thousand  people.  The  committee  succeeded  in  co-ordinating  the 
different  active  organizations  of  women  throughout  the  State,  thus  saving  much 
duplication  of  work.  The  Federation  of  Womens  Clubs  of  which  Mrs.  Funk  was 
vice-president,  established  and  sustained  Soldiers  Clubs  at  Rockford  and  Wauke- 
gan,  established  another  club  at  Rantoul.  For  the  protection  of  Girls,  the  Federa- 
tion established  and  maintained  a  Girls  Cottage  at  Rockford,  as  well  as  at  Wau- 
kegan.  The  federation  raised  funds  to  send  two  young  women  to  France  for  a 
year  to  do  Canteen  work.  As  a  War  measure  the  Womens  Committee,  State  Council 
of  Defense  supplied  a  fund  to  be  used  for  the  benefit  of  Illinois  to  establish  in 
its  different  towns  and  centres  Community  Councils.  Mrs.  Funk  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  Executive  Committee  at  a  State  Conference  and  afterwards  elected 
the  Secretary.  The  Womens  Committee  felt  it  their  duty  to  facilitate  the  work 
of  the  Federal  Government  which  through  the  Department  of  Agriculture  and 
Interior  endeavored  to  promote  the  Community  Council  idea  throughout  the  Nation, 
thus  co-ordinating  the  work  of  the  different  organizations,  promoting  community 
welfare.  The  result  of  this  work  in  McLean  County  is  the  Community  Council 
of  Bloomington,  president  of  which,  is  President  Felmley  of  the  Normal  Univer- 
sity. Mrs.  Funk,  as  a  director  of  the  Equal  Suffrage  Association  of  Illinois, 
worked  for  the  Resolution  for  the  Constitutional  Convention  passed  by  the  Legis- 
lature. Mrs.  Funk  is  Vice-President  of  the  National  Federation  of  College  Women, 
director  of  the  Illinois  Parent-Teachers  Association,  member  of  Womans  Relief 
Corps  of  Bloomington ;  member  of  the  National  Womens  Trade  Union  League ; 
of  the  Vassar  Alumni  Association ;  of  the  College  Alumni  of  Bloomington ;  of  the 
College  Club,  Chicago;  Political  Equality  League,  Chicago;  Womans  City  Club, 
Chicago ;  Director  of  the  Womens  Association  of  Commerce,  Bloomington ;  member 
of  the  Bloomington  Womens  Club;  of  the  Amateur  Musical  Club;  the  Margaret 
Fuller  Club ;  History  and  Art  Club,  all  of  which  did  their  work  in  assisting  to 
win  the  war. 


270  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

WAR  WOEK  OF  THE  Y.  M.  C.  A. 

The  work  of  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association  of  Bloomington 
during  the  Great  War  was  directed  along  two  very  important  lines,  that 
of  taking  care  of  the  boys  who  were  in  the  Training  Camps  in  this  coun- 
try and  those  who  embarked  for  camps  in  other  countries  and  those  who 
were  at  the  front. 

The  task  of  enlisting  men  to  minister  to  the  comforts  of  our  boys 
both  in  camp  and  at  the  front  was  of  such  a  stupendous  nature  that  it 
early  became  necessary  to  enlist  men  of  high  character  and  of  ability 
to  perform  this  service.  The  Bloomington  Association  received  and 
passed  upon  almost  sixty  applications  and  accepted  for  actual  service 
in  the  field  twenty  men.  Tnese  men  were  enlisted  and  accepted  for 
their  arduous  task  in  the  home  Association  and  worked  under  the  direct 
supervision  of  the  National  War  Council.  The  association  was  proud 
to  list  among  the  twenty  who  went  from  this  county  the  following: 
William  Wallis,  Ealph  McCarroll,  Elmer  W.  Gavins  of  Normal,  Elmer 
Packard  of  Normal,  D.  C.  Ridgely  of  Normal,  D.  E.  Hagin,  Rev.  Moore 
of  Lexington,  Rev.  E.  K.  Masterson  of  Normal,  G.  Kimball  of  Lincoln, 

B.  C.  Moore,  County  Superintendent  of  Schools,  E.  E.  Haines  of  Normal, 
Gannon  J.   Gates,  236  Front   street,  Bloomington,  and   others  who  were 
recruited  indirectly  through  the  local  committee  for  this  work.     These 
men  performed  a  valiant  service  for  our  boys,  both  at  home  and  abroad, 
that  will  never  be  forgotten. 

The  secretaries  of  the  local  Association  were  instrumental  in  bring- 
ing comforts  to  the  boys  while  enroute  from  one  camp  to  another  in 
that  they  served  as  secretaries  on  troop  trains,  and  in  other  ways  served 
the  boys  while  enroute. 

Free  privileges  were  given  at  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  building  to  over  10,000 
soldiers  and  sailors,  who  greatly  appreciated  the  comforts  of,  the  in- 
stitution. 

The  building  was  also  headquarters  for  various  departments  of  the 
Red  Cross.  At  one  time  most  of  the  second  floor  was  given  over  en- 
tirely to  this  work. 

McLean  County  contributed  during  1917  and  1918  over  $200,000  to 
carry  on  the  work  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  in  this  country  and  overseas. 

The  boys  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  were  active  participants  in  all  of  the 
loan  drives,  in  the  Thrift  Stamp  drive  and  in  all  Red  Cross  and  other 
activities,  taking  part  in  carrying  out  such  details  as  distributing  posters, 
soliciting  loan  subscriptions  and  many  other  details  which  boys  could 
be  called  upon  to  handle. 

More  than  two-thirds  of  the  time  of  the  General  Secretary  was 
given  to  war  activities  of  some  form. 

On  account  of  the  large  call  for  man  power,  the  Bloomington  Y.  M. 

C.  A.   was   almost   stripped   of   help   during   part   of   the   war.     General 
Secretary  A.  J.  Luebbers  and  the  janitor  were   at  times  the   only  men 
on  the  job   in  the   building.      The   Association   organization   during   the 
war  consisted  of:  H.  O.  Stone,  president;    Campbell  Holton,  vice  presi- 
dent;   G.  A.  Washburn,   treasurer;     and   the   following  directors:    F.   R. 
Bean,  J.  A.  Beck,  Paul  F.  Beich,  Charles  Brokaw,  L.  M.  Crosthwait,  C. 

E.  Dagenhart,  C.  B.  Hughes,  W.  H.  Johnson,  Henry  Keiser,  B.  M.  Kuhn, 

F.  H.  Mclntosh,  H.  B.  Patton,  Frank  Rice,  W.  D.  Snow,  J.  K.  Stableton, 
W.  A.  Whitcomb. 

The  National  War  Work  Committee  of  the  Bloomington  Association 
who  examined  all  applicants  for  war  work  in  the  local  association,  con- 
sisted of  H.  O.  Stone,  Mark  Evans,  Rev.  W.  B.  Hindman,  AV.  D.  Snow 
and  General  Secretary  Luebbers. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


271 


CONGRESSMAN  FRANK  L.  SMITH 

Brought  face  to  face  with  a 
grave  public  responsibility  right 
in  the  midst  of  the  crucial  events 
of  the  closing  months  of  the  war, 
Hon.  Frank  L.  Smith  of  Dwight, 
elected  to  congress  in  November, 
1918,  had  perhaps  as  hard  a  role 
to  bear  in  connection  with  the 
war's  finish  and  the  national  re- 
construction period,  as  any  other 
man  of  the  state.  Congressman 
Smith  was  chosen  to  represent 
the  Seventeenth  Illinois  district 
to  succeed  the  late  John  A.  Ster- 
ling, who  met  a  tragic  death  on 
October  17,  1918,  only  two  weeks 
before  the  date  of  the  election  at 
which  he  would  no  doubt  have 
been  triumphantly  re-elected  if 
he  had  been  alive.  When  the 
question  of  filling  the  vacancy  on 
the  ticket  caused  by  Mr.  Ster- 
ling's death  came  up  for  decision 
of  the  congressional  district  com- 
mittee, there  was  no  hesitancy  in 
the  nomination  of  Col.  Frank  L. 
Smith  of  Dwight.  At  the  suc- 
ceeding election  he  won  out  over 
his  democratic  opponent  by  the 
largest  majority  ever  recorded  for 
a  candidate  in  the  district.  Col. 
Smith  did  the  unusual  thing  of  at  once  establishing  an  office  in  Wash- 
ington, soon  after  his  election,  and  although  he  did  not  formally  take 
his  seat  in  the  house  until  March,  1919,  he  was  on  the  ground  at  the  cap- 
ital to  look  after  the  interests  of  the  people  of  the  Seventeenth  district. 
Col.  Smith  is  an  Illinoisan  to  the  manor  born,  being  a  native  of  the 
town  of  Dwight,  where  he  was  born  Nov.  24,  1867.  His  father  was  the 
' '  village  blacksmith ' '  of  Dwight,  and  his  start  in  life  was  humble  enough. 
He  early  displayed  the  energy  and  good  sense  which  ever  afterward 
characterized  his  career.  Graduating  from  the  Dwight  high  school  in 
1885,  he  began  to  work  at  whatever  he  could  find  to  do  to  make  a  start, 
not  being  afraid  of  manual  labor.  After  a  short  time  in  Chicago  he 
engaged  in  railroad  work,  he  returned  to  Dwight  and  started  in  the  real 
estate  business  on  a  capital  of  $125.  His  success  from  the  first  was 
marvelous,  and  in  1905  he  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  First  National 
Bank  of  Dwight,  in  which  he  continued  a  leading  spirit  for  many  years. 
His  own  real  estate  offices  became  the  largest  and  most  complete  in  a 
town  of  the  size  anywhere  in  the  country.  Always  an  ardent  republican, 
he  became  prominent  in  politics  first  in  his  own  town,  then  in  the  county, 
the  district  and  the  state.  He  long  served  as  chairman  of  the  Illinois 
republican  central  committee,  and  was  a  candidate  for  the  republican 
nomination  for  governor  in  the  primaries  of  1916,  polling  a  total  of 
75,000  votes  in  the  state  and  standing  third  in  the  large  field  of  primary 
candidates.  The  successful  nominee  was  Frank  O.  Lowden,  who  was 
afterward  triumphantly  elected  governor.  He  afterward  resumed  his 
position  as  head  of  the  republican  state  central  committee,  which  he 
held  at  the  time  and  after  his  election  to  congress. 


272 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


THREE  BROTHERS  IN  PRANCE 

The  town  of  Carlock  had  the  distinction  of  having  three  brothers  in 
the  army,  and  all  serving  in  France  at  the  same  time.  They  were  Corp. 
Jesse  L.  Robison,  Private  Marshall  O.  Robison,  and  Private  Travis  E. 
Robison.  Jesse  went  out  with  the  first  draft  contingent  from  this  county 


in  (September,  1917,  first  to  Camp  Dodge,  then  to  Camp  Pike,  and  after- 
wards Camp  Dix,  then  overseas,  where  he  served  till  the  end  of  the  war 
in  Company  G.  345th  infantry.  Travis  enlisted  on  June  12,  1918,  and 
sailed  for  France  about  the  same  time  as  his  brother  Jesse.  Travis  was 
a  chauffeur  in  the  medical  corps.  He  took  his  preliminary  training  at 
Jefferson  Barracks  and  at  Allcntown,  Pa.  Marshall  O.  Robison  went  out 
in  April,  1918,  to  Fort  Dupont,  Delaware,  to  join  a  replacement  regiment 
of  coast  artillery.  After  two  months  he  went  to  Camp  Merritt  then 
to  France,  where  he  served  to  the  end  of  the  war.  All  brothers  re- 
turned home  safely. 


JOE  AND  LOUIS  MOORE 

Joe  and  Louis  Moore,  sons  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  W.  Moore  of  404 
East  Monroe  street,  Bloomington,  were  both  in  the  army,  but  only  the 
former  was  privileged  to  go  overseas.  Joe  enlisted  June  1,  1918,  and 
was  assigned  to  the 
chemical  warfare  de- 
partment. After 
training  at  Camp 
Humphreys,  he  went 
to  France  and  saw 
much  active  service 
at  Tours,  and  other 
points  and  was  on 
duty  at  Paris,  Co- 
blenz  and  other 
places,  engaged  in 
the  preparation  of 
maps  and  in  labora- 
tory work.  He  spent 
nearly  a  year  in 
France  and  Germany 
and  was  discharged 
with  the  rank  of 
sergeant  at  Camp  Mills  July  1,  1919. 

Louis  W.  Moore  enlisted  March  8,  1918,  and  spent  three  months 
training  in  aerial  photography  at  Kodak  Park,  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  gradu- 
ating in  First  Class  and  sent  to  Post  Field,  Ft.  Sill,  Okla.,  where  he  was 
engaged  in  instruction  work  until  May  26,  when  he  was  discharged  at 
Camp  Taylor,  Ky.  He  was  fortunate  in  being  assigned  to  the  largest 
school  for  aerial  observers  in  the  U.  S.  and  photographed  many  miles 
of  country  from  the  air,  making  military  photographic  maps,  a  thrilling 
and  highly  interesting  experience. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


273 


Within  fifteen  months  after  the  armistice,  when  the  service  men 
and  women  had  returned  from  their  war  service,  there  were  many  posts 
of  the  American  Legion  organized  in  McLean  county.  The  idea  of 
this  organization  had  its  inception  with  a  group  of  U.  S.  army  officers 
in  Paris  in  February,  1919,  when  they  met  to  study  the  problems  of  the 
return  of  the  soldiers  to  civil  life.  They  called  a  meeting  of  representa- 
tives of  all  large  units  then  represented  in  France,  and  these  officers 
and  enlisted  men  in  equal  numbers,  held  a  three  days'  meeting  in  Paris 
in  March,  and  created  the  American  Legion.  The  permanent  state  or- 
ganization in  Illinois  was  formed  at  a  convention  held  in  Peoria  October 
17  and  18,  1919,  and  this  convention  appointed  delegates  to  the  first 
national  convention  held  in  Minneapolis  on  November  10,  1919.  At  this 
convention  policies  were  outlined,  officers  elected  and  Indianapolis  se- 
lected as  national  headquarters.  The  preamble  to  the  constitution  reads 
aa  follows: 

"For  God  and  Country,  we  associate  ourselves  together  for  the  fol- 
lowing purposes: 

"To  uphold  and  defend  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  of 
America;  to  maintain  law  and  order;  to  foster  and  perpetuate  a  one 
hundred  per  cent  Americanism;  to  preserve  the  memories  and  incidents 
of  our  association  in  the  Great  War;  to  inculcate  a  sense  of  individual 
obligation  to  the  community,  state  and  nation;  to  combat  the  autocracy 
of  both  the  classes  and  the  masses;  to  make  right  the  master  ,of  might; 
to  promote  peace  and  good  will  on  earth;  to  safeguard  and  transmit  to 
posterity  the  principles  of  justice,  freedom  and  democracy;  to  con- 
secrate and  sanctify  our  comradeship  by  our  devotion  to  mutual  help- 
fulness." 


BRIEF  HISTORY  OF  LOUIS  E.  DAVIS  POST  56  OF  BLOOMINGTON 
THE  AMERICAN  LEGION 

Following  the  caucus  of  veterans  in  Paris,  France,  early  in  1917,  a 
similar  caucus  was  held  in  St.  Louis,  Missouri.  Thomas  Fitch  Harwood 
of  Bloomington  was  selected  as  delegate  to  the  first  caucus  in  this  coun- 
try. Immediately  after  his  appointment  he  called  for  service  men  of 
this  county  to  accompany  him  to  St.  Louis.  Ben  S.  Rhodes  and  R.  M. 


274 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAB 

O  'Council  attended  the  meeting.  The  aim  and  purpose  of  the  American 
Legion  was  outlined  and  drawn  into  a  temporary  constitution,  which 
was  adopted. 

Upon  the  return  of  Messrs.  Harwood,  Ehodes  and  O  'Connell  to  this 
city,  Mr.  Harwood  called  a  meeting  of  former  service  persons  of  this 
county  for  June  23,  1919,  in  the  circuit  court  room  of  the  McLean 
County  court  house.  As  Organizer  for  The  American  Legion  Mr.  Har- 
wood formed  a  temporary  organization.  Those  present  were:  Thomas 

F.  Harwood,  Lloyd  E.  Orendorff,  Oscar  G.  Hoose,  James  D.  Foster,  Harold 
H.  Livingston,  Hilton  D.  Markham,  Paul  E.  Greenleaf,  Otto  M.  Salmon, 
Herman  M.  Gunn,  Eobert  H.  Moore,  Roy  A.  Eamseyer,  Henry  H.  Car- 
rithers,  Leslie  E.  Bristow,  Ben  S.  Ehodes,  Eichard  M.  O  'Connell,  Clarence 

G.  Anderson,  L.   Earl  Bach,  Bert   L.   Eiseling,  James  Bernard   Murphy, 
Charles  D.  Havens,  J.  J.  O  'Connor,  Benjamin   E.   Anderson,   Charles  P. 
Kane,  Mark  E.  Ethell,  Eobert  A.  Noble,  James  J.  Butler,  C.  Dale  James, 
Edward  A.  Mott,  Emmett  V.  Gunn,  Harold  V.  Moore,  Arthur  W.  Smith, 
Lome   P.   Murray,   Oscar   E.    Bebout,   James   F.    Thompson,    Wayne    W. 
Bircklebaw,  Leon  J.  LaFond,  William  J.  Keen,  Heber  S.  Hudson,  Howard 
E.  Sutherland,  Ansel  F.  Stubblefield,  Harry  E.  Eiddle,  Thomas  D.  Cantrell. 

The  above  men  were  the  first  to  sign  the  application  for  charter. 
Charles  P.  Kane  was  elected  Temporary  Chairman,  with  Ben  S.  Ehodes 
as  temporary  Secretary  and  Treasurer.  The  name  "Louis  E.  Davis" 
was  selected  by  a  committee  composed  of  T.  F.  Harwood,  James  D. 
Foster  and  Oscar  G.  Hoose.  Their  report  included  the  following:  "He 
was  the  first  man  of  his  class  in  camp  to  qualify  as  a  reserve  military 
aviator,  and  on  the  day  of  his  death  was  then  completing  his  bombing 
course,  at  that  time  the  most  advanced  in  aviation.  At  the  time  of  his 
death  he  was  preparing  for  overseas  service.  The  remains  of  Louis  E. 
Davis  were  buried  with  military  honors  in  the  Evergreen  cemetery, 
Bloomington.  It  is  fitting  and  proper  that  this  organization  gathering 
within  its  ranks  those  who  gave  and  sacrificed  for  the  freedom  of  coun- 
try and  mankind  should  honor  itself  by  the  choice  of  such  a  name." 

Louis  E.  Davis,  Lieutenant  in  Aviation,  was  born  November  24, 
1893,  in  Bloomington.  He  died  at  Ellington  Field,  Houston,  Texas,  as 
the  result  of  injuries  of  an  airplane  accident  sustained  May  10,  1918. 
He  was  the  son  of  H.  O.  Davis. 

Eegular  meetings  on  the  first  Thursday  of  every  month  wrere  held 
in  the  county  court  house  until  January,  1920,  when  club  rooms  at  309% 
North  Main  street,  third  floor,  were  leased.  The  membership  grew  from 
the  original  handful  of  former  service  persons  until  early  in  1920  when 
the  organization  boasted  of  over  700  members,  including  a  one  hundred 
percent  membership  among  the  nurses  of  the  county.  It  was  the  first 
post  of  the  American  Legion  to  be  formed  in  McLean  County.  The 
first  officers  of  the  organization  elected  January  15,  1920,  were:  Past 
Commander,  Charles  P.  Kane;  Commander,  Harry  L.  Howell;  Vice 
Commander,  Thomas  Ivan  Costigan;  second  Vice  Commander,  Miss  Grace 
Gaines;  Chaplain,  Eev.  William  B.  Hindman;  Adjutant,  James  D. 
Foster;  Sergeant  at  Arms,  Albert  S.  Coomer;  Executive  Committee: 
Charles  P.  Kane,  F.  Carlyle  Willey,  Oscar  G.  Hoose,  James  Qwen,  Leo 
L.  Hogan  and  John  J.  O'Connor.  In  a  later  meeting  Ealph  Morath  was 
elected  finance  officer.  William  B.  Geneva  was  elected  historian. 

Early  in  1920  the  Louis  E.  Davis  Post  56  promoted  an  indoor  circus 
in  the  Coliseum  from  which  finances  were  derived  enabling  the  then 
small  membership  to  secure  club  rooms  and  support  a  membership  cam- 
paign which  was  as  great  a  success  as  the  circus. 

In  March,  1920,  ' '  The  Mascot, ' '  a  monthly  publication  of  the  Louis 
E.  Davis  Post  made  its  first  appearance.  The  publication  was  intended 
to  stimulate  interest  in  post  affairs  and  indications  of  its  development 
were  rapidly  entertained. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR  275 


AMERICAN  LEGION   OFFICERS 

Top  row,  left  to  right — J.  D.  Foster,  A.  S.  Coomer,  Ben  Rhodes,  Rev.  W.  B.  Hindimui. 
Second  row,  left   to   right — Ralph   Morath,    Dr.    Harry   Howell,    Oscar    Hoose. 
Third  row,  left  to  right — Ivan  Costigan,  Miss  Grace  Gaines,  Charles  Kane,  J.  O'Connor. 
Fourth  row,  It-ft  to  riyht — H.  C.  Willey,  James  Owens,  \V.  B.  Geneva,  and  Leo  Hogan. 


Committees  from  the  Louis  E.  Davis  Post  56  organized  the  Steven- 
son-Lewis Post  55(5,  of  the  American  Legion,  as  the  second  post  in  Mc- 
Lean County,  which  was  solely  for  former  service  persons  of  the  colored 
race.  Lincoln  Page  was  named  as  temporary  chairman,  and  started 
the  organization  safely  on  its  course. 

"The  Fathers  of  Veterans,"  first  formed  in  McLean  County  also 
grew  out  of  the  American  Legion.  The  Ladies  Auxiliary  to  the  Louis 


276  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOBLD    WAS 

E.  Davis  Post  56  of  the  American  Legion  was  in  its  rapid  development 
early  in  1920,  and  has  a  membership  almost  as  large  as  the  post  to 
which  its  members  were  affiliated.  As  neither  the  constitution  of  the 
American  Legion  nor  the  Auxiliary  constitution,  provide  for  the  fathers 
of  men  or  women  who  were  in  the  service  the  "Fathers  of  Veterans" 
organization  developed.  William  F.  Costigan  was  the  first  chairman  of 
the  organization,  which  was  county  wide  in  its  development,  and  B.  C. 
Moore,  was  named  secretary  and  treasurer. 

First  permanent  officers  of  the  Womens  Auxiliary  to  the  Louis  E. 
Davis  Post  56  were:  President,  Mrs.  Irma  Greiner;  Vice-President,  Mrs. 
Thomas  B.  Foster;  Secretary,  Miss  Ina  Rhodes;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  Louis 
Wollrab;  Executive  Committee,  Mrs.  J.  A.  Goodwin,  chairman;  Mrs. 
Harry  Howell,  Miss  Winifred  Elliott,  Mrs.  W.  W.  Gailey. 

Numerous  other  posts  of  the  American  Legion  later  came  into  being 
after  the  first  post  formation  in  Bloomington,  including  Ruel  Neal,  Le- 
Roy;  Erwin  Martensen  Post,  Anchor;  Ben  Roth  Post,  Chenoa;  Elmo  F. 
Hill  Post,  Lexington;  Benedict-Crutchley  Post,  McLean;  David  Hum- 
phrey Daniel  Post,  Saybrook;  Grant  Post,  Bellflower,  and  Saybrook  Post 
427,  Saybrook.  Other  posts  were  in  their  formation  when  this  work 
went  to  press. 

List  of  Members  Louis  E.  Davis  Post  No.  56 

George  Elbert  Abbey,  Cecil  Fiske  Abrams,  Forrest  Lee  Adams,  Erwin 
Albee,  Arrie  Adelia  Allen,  James  E.  Allen,  Benj.  R.  Anderson,  Clarence 
G.  Anderson,  Russell  R.  Armstrong,  Wavie  Armstrong,  Aaron  R.  Augus- 
tin,  Corry  C.  Ayers. 

L.  Earl  Bach,  Delmar  D.  Bachman,  Harry  E.  Baker,  John  M.  Barr, 
Wm.  Wilson  Barrett,  Henry  F.  J.  Barrow,  Wm.  Herman  Barthel,  William 
Bauer,  Donald  Joseph  Bayler,  Clarence  Bean,  Oscar  Ray  Bebout,  John 
Haerms  Becker,  Fred  Beckman,  Jr.,  Claude  Edwin  Bedinger,  Carl  E. 
Behr,  W.  G.  Behr,  Sylvanus  Ray  Belt,  M.  Charlotte  Bender,  Wayne  W. 
Birckelbaw,  Walter  Franklin  Blackburn,  Stone  Paul  Bloomquist,  Homer 
B.  Blumenshine,  Carl  Theodore  Bock,  Russell  Alvin  Bolze,  Ernest  Boog, 
John  Allen  Bourland,  Carroll  M.  Bowen,  Glenn  Rhodes  Bowman,  George 
Joseph  Boylan,  Harry  Francis  Boylan,  D.  F.  Bracken,  Timothy  Joseph 
Bradley,  Ralph  Allen  Bramwell,  Dr.  Fred  W.  Brian,  Thomas  Brigham, 
William  M.  Bright,  Jr.,  Russell  W.  Bringham,  Leslie  R.  Bristow,  John  A. 
Brokaw,  Roy  Gale  Brookshier,  Bert  Edward  Brown,  Clifford  Allen  Brown, 
Edward  S.  Brown,  Ellis  Eugene  Brown,  Maurice  Gilbert  Brumback,  Camp- 
bell E.  Brunton,  Thomas  P.  Bryant,  Meddie  Buck,  Ralph  W.  Bunnell, 
Henry  Lyell  Burch,  Mary  Agnes  Burke,  Willis  A.  Burkholder,  Hudson 
Burr,  Louis  Blackburn  Bush,  Chas.  S.  Butler,  James  J.  Butler. 

Elbert  Wilson  Callahan,  Martin  Leo  Callahan,  Williard  B.  Canopy, 
Thomas  D.  Cantrell,  John  Taylor  Carlson,  Ray  Ellis  Carnahan,  Robert  L. 
Carnahan,  Floyd  Wm.  Carr,  Richard  A.  Carr,  Henry  H.  Carrithers, 
Andrew  James  Casner,  Chester  Burton  Castle,  Lester  Blake  Gavins,  Ar- 
nett  Sterling  Chapin,  Dean  Wilcox  Charmi,  Edward  W.  Chrisman,  H.  S. 
Chrisman,  Henson  E.  Clark,  Edmund  G.  Cleveland,  John  R.  Clickner, 
Herbert  S.  Cline,  John  Louis  Cobb,  J.  Ivan  Cole,  Charles  Clinton 
Compher,  John  J.  Condon,  George  Orin  Constant,  David  E.  Cook,  Edwin 
H.  Cooke,  Herbert  Lee  Cooke,  Wilbur  Rison  Cooke,  Albert  Coomer,  Ed- 
ward John  Corbitt,  George  M.  Corson,  Thomas  Ivan  Costigan,  James 
Vincent  Cox,  John  Flavin  Cox,  WTilliam  B.  Craig,  Marvin  W.  Crawford, 
Thomas  Burr  Crigler.  Hubert  Monroe  Cropper,  Lee  Howard  Crosland, 
Donald  Cruikshank,  Robert  Hiram  Crum,  Charles  Wm.  Culbertson, 
Francis  Michael  Cullen. 

Glen  A.  Dale,  Paul  G.  Dally,  William  Carl  Dambold,  Earl  Wadding- 
ton  Daniel,  Chas.  Byron  Day,  Esek  Earl  Day,  Ralph  Jesse  Deane,  Homer 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 277 

Deaton,   Ralph   C.   DcMange,   Frank    Edward   De  Moss,    Frank    Deneen, 
Alvah  H.  Denning,  Reynolds  C.  De  Silva,  Harry  Lincoln  Deutsch,  Oscar 

E.  Deutsch,   Willard   Leonard   DcVore,   John   Robert    Dewenter,     Harry 
Kimball   Dick,   Wm.   Stanley   Dickey,   William   Diebold,   Roy   H.   Dillon, 
Chas.  E.  Dimmett,  Lawrence  Egbert  Dodge,  Edward  A.  Donnelly,  Clay 
Guthrie  Dooley,  Adlai  Stevenson  Dorrell,  Dwight  Ireneus  Douglass,  Lloyd 

F.  Dowell,  Fred  Downs,  George  Edgar  Drake,  Raymond  H.  Duehr,  Bertha 
B.  Duff,  Wm.  P.  Dunbar,  James  Richard  Dunn. 

Russell  B.  Eastcrbrook,  Harold  Crocker  Eckart,  Leo  K.  Eckart,  Carl 
Harry  Eckstam,  Charles  C.  Eggleston,  James  Tennant  Elliott,  Joseph 
Ensenberger,  Julius  Nathan  Epstein,  Leslie  M.  Ernst,  Mark  R.  Ethell, 
Harry  Russell  Evans. 

Forest  M.  C.  Fearis,  Fred  Feldt,  Claud  Eugene  Ferguson,  Herbert 
Elaine  Ferguson,  John  Cecil  Ferguson,  Frank  Powell  Fish,  Otto  William 
Fisher,  Henry  A.  Fisherkeller,  Thomas  Joseph  Flaherty,  Birney  Fifer 
Fleming,  Frank  Wilfred  Flesher,  James  Flint,  Clarence  Forbes,  Lester 
M.  Foreman,  James  D.  Foster,  Thomas  E.  Freed,  Arthur  Peter  Freed- 
lund,  A.  R.  Freeman,  Archie  Wayne  Froelich,  Perle  Fry. 

William  W.  Gailey,  Grace  Gilkey  Gaines,  Gilbert  H.  Galford,  Burke 
Gardner,  Wilfred  Henry  Gardner,  Melvin  Nane  Garlough,  H.  C.  Garrett, 
William  S.  Gash,  William  B.  Geneva,  Stanley  Gernsey,  Walter  Herbert 
Gerth,  Paul  Elmer  Gibson,  Laurence  A.  Giering,  Carl  Julius  Giermann, 
Ruel  Glen  Gillis,  Albert  Franklin  Gilman,  Jr.,  Gerald  Gill  Ginnaven, 
Herman  Goldstone,  Lloyd  F.  Golliday,  Guy  Wm.  Gooding,  Harry  John 
Gorman,  Paul  Arthur  Gottschalk,  Delmar  R.  Gottschalk,  Guy  Frank  Gray, 
Forest  E.  Green,  Gerald  Ray  Green,  Tracey  E.  Green,  Chester  I.  Greene, 
Paul  E.  Greenleaf,  George  E.  Gregory,  Wm.  Earl  Greiner,  Clifford  F. 
Grove,  Emmet  V.  Gunn,  Herman  M.  Gunn. 

Arthur  A.  Hall,  Charles  Dean  Hall,  Harry  Lee  Hall,  J.  W.  Hallett, 
Cecil  Edwin  Hamilton,  Edmund  G.  Hammond,  Archie  Milton  Hanson, 
James  Guthrie  Harbord,  Geo.  Merton  Hargitt,  Elbert  I.  Harrison,  Lester 
Earl  Harrison,  Harlan  H.  Hart,  G.  E.  Hartenbower,  Thomas  F.  Harwood, 
Chas.  D.  Havens,  James  B.  Havens,  Frank  P.  Hawk,  H.  C.  Hawk,  Wil- 
liam C.  Hawks,  Joseph  K.  P.  Hawks,  Melvin  S.  Hayes,  Ralph  J.  Heffer- 
nan,  Marion  Helmick,  Paul  Henderson,  Harry  W.  Henley,  Clyde  Edward 
Hewitt,  Harold  P.  Hileman,  John  Warner  Hill,  Noel  James  Hilts,  Wilbur 
A.  Hilts,  Wm.  Blake  Hindman,  Rolla  Edelbert  Hinshaw,  Walter  A.  Hin- 
shaw,  Fredrick  McKinley  Hisle,  Albert  Joseph  Hodlcr,  Edward  Hoeft, 
Frederick  G.  Hoffmann,  Leo  L.  Hogan,  William  Raoul  Hoit,  Chesterfield 
R.  Holmes,  Campbell  Blake  Holton,  Oscar  G.  Hoose,  Ralph  R.  Hoover, 
Gordon  K.  Howard,  Wm.  Nelson  Howard,  Harry  L.  Howell,  Heber  S. 
Hudson,  Paul  Huffington,  Paul  Glenn  Huffington,  Rogers  Humphreys, 
Charles  E.  Hunter. 

Earl  G.  Irons,  Delmar  Vern  Irvin,  Lawrence  L.  Irwin. 

Clarence  Earl  Jacobssen,  Chas.  Dale  James,  Wm.  Grice  Jameson, 
James  Bruce  Jarrett,  Herman  H.  Jasper,  Mevise  Cornell  Jennings,  Frank 
Louis  Jensen,  Chester  K.  Johnson,  Eugene  Roy  Johnson,  Florence  I. 
Johnson,  Frank  R.  Johnson,  George  L.  Johnson,  Jr.,  George  W.  Johnson, 
Gustaf  A.  Johnson,  G.  Vasa  Johnson,  Harry  Gustaf  Johnson,  L.  Ross 
Johnson,  Mark  Lowell  Johnson,  Oscar  Walter  Johnson,  Rolla  Thos.  John- 
son, Warren  Edward  Johnson.  Jesse  J.  Jones,  John  J.  Jones,  John  R. 
Jones,  Owsley  Lillard  Jones,  Robert  Lough  Jones,  Walter  Jordan. 

Maurice  Kalahar,  Arthur  P.  Kane,  Charles  P.  Kane,  George  Kat- 
soulis,  R.  E.  Kauffold,  Donald  Earl  Kazar,  William  G.  Keen,  Dayton 
Keith,  S.  Reau  Kemp,  Kaywin  Kennedy,  Thos.  Hart  Kennedy,  Wm.  Lloyd 
Kenny,  Jamie  Hastings  Kerr,  Wm.  Owen  Kershner,  Fred  W.  Kienzle, 
William  E.  Klatt,  Julius  Philip  Klemm,  Bryce  Miller  Knight,  Lowell 
Gary  Kraft,  Philip  Clifton  Kurtz. 

Leon  J.  LaFond,  Fred  Albert  Lamke.  Leonard  F.  Lang,  Florence  V. 
Langley,  Clarence  H.  Lawbaugh,  Edward  D.  Lawyer,  Charles  Ebarl  Leary, 


278 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

John  Maurice  Lcary,  Lloyd  Jesse  Ledderboge,  Kenneth  William  Lee, 
Leonard  Emmitt  Lee,  \Vm.  George  Leitch,  Ernest  N.  Lemons,  Loren  B. 
Lewis,  Chas.  C.  Liggitt,  Albert  Paul  Limber,  Ralph  Harlan  Linkins, 
Chester  C.  Linton,  Gordon  Cole  Littel,  Harold  H.  .Livingston,  Herbert 
Milton  Livingston,  Sam  Abe  Livingston,  Parke  Longworth,  Gus  Conrad 
Lundquist,  Noble  Leonard  Lundquist,  ilorence  Lyon. 

Eugene  Wright  MacMillan,  Oliver  MacWilliams,  Wm.  C.  J.  McCabe, 
Ealph  N.  McCord,  Thomas  Orville  McCord,  John  Noble  McCrary,  Guy 
Erie  McCubbin,  James  T.  McDonald,  Lawrence  Wm.  McDonald,  Herbert 
James  McGrath,  Wm.  E.  McGraw,  James  Willis  McMurry,  Allen  W. 
McVaigh,  Cecil  W.  Macy,  Robert  Emmett  Maloney,  H.  D.  Markham, 
Raymond  Henry  Mayer,  Harold  M.  Medberry,  Charles  F.  Meinkey,  Davis 
Merwin,  Gail  Woldron  Metcalf,  Walter  H.  Metzger,  Arthur  Lloyd  Meyer, 
Moody  Wesley  Meyer,  Beverly  H.  Miles,  Ann  Burnette  Miller,  Earle 
Henry  Miller,  Eugene  Christ  Miller,  George  Miller,  George  Dick  Miller, 
Leonard  Franklin  Miller,  Roland  Brohn  Miller,  Will  A.  Miller,  Joseph 
Million,  Lewis  Millman,  Dr.  Frank  P.  Minch,  Joseph  Moews,  James  J. 
Monahan,  Dean  C.  Montgomery,  Bessie  Moon,  Byron  Russell  Moore, 
Harold  V.  Moore,  Robert  H.  Moore,  Sanford  Harry  Moore,  Ralph  Charles 
Morath,  E.  A.  Mott,  Eugene  8.  Moulie,  Eleazer  Ralston  Munsell,  Geo. 
E.  Munsell,  Jesse  A.  Munsell,  Edwin  Leo  Murphy,  Jas.  Bernard  Murphy, 
Mack  Murphy,  Fred  E.  Murray,  Lome  P.  Murray,  Arnold  Carl  Muxfeldt. 

Chester  Nafziger,  Lee  C.  Nafziger,  Elmer  Richard  Nelson,  Oscar  Nel- 
son, James  Carlyle  Nevins,  Lloyd  Lee  Nevins,  Will  C.  Niedermeyer, 
Porter  C.  Noble,  Robert  A.  Noble,  George  Nowatski. 

Richard  M.  O'Connell,  John  J.  O'Connor,  William  J.  O'Hara,  Donald 
Francis  O'Neil,  Catharine  O'Neill,  Lloyd  E.  Orendorff,  Arthur  Oswald, 
James  Owen. 

Owen  S.  Parmele,  Clarence  F.  Patterson,  Leland  Ray  Pattison,  George 
Glenn  Patton,  Stanley  H.  Paul,  George  Noble  Paxton,  John  W.  Paxton, 
Don  Denison  Pease,  John  Raymond  Pemberton,  Wm.  Hubert  Pemberton, 
Wm.  Lloyd  Penniman,  Carl  G.  E.  Peplow,  Abram  Brokaw  Perry,  Alfred 
S.  Peterson,  William  G.  Phelps,  Frank  L.  Phillips,  George  D.  Phillos, 
Nick  A.  Phillos,  Bernard  Abiff  Pierce,  Louis  Hermann  Pinkey,  Joseph  J. 
Pitsch,  Lawrence  Lloyd  Ploense,  William  Clarence  Poling,  Charles  Her- 
bert Poll,  L.  Parke  Powell,  Robert  E.  Powell,  Edward  M.  Powers,  Leon- 
ard Odis  Prather,  Mark  Price,  Glenn  Byron  Pringey,  Wallace  Anthony 
Pringey,  Harold  Elton  Protzman,  Charles  Walter  Pullen. 

Matthew  Wm.  Quinn. 

Daniel  D.  Raber,  Louis  F.  Radbourn,  Harold  Thos.  Ramage,  Roy  A. 
Ramseyer,  Ralph  Otis  Ray,  Edward  V.  Raycraft,  Howard  J.  Read,  Roland 
Read,  Wm.  G.  Read,  Glenn  Scott  Reddick,  Herbert  Chas.  Rediger,  Lorine 
Z.  Reeder,  Sam  J.  Reeder,  Louie  Eugene  Reid,  Charles  A.  Reum,  Walter 
M.  Rexroat,  William  S.  Rexroat,  Howard  D.  Rhea,  Ben  S.  Rhodes,  Garth 
Tuthill  Riddle,  Harry  E.  Riddle,  William  Lester  Riley,  Bert  L.  Riseling, 
Julius  Monroe  Rodman,  Dr.  A.  E.  Rogers,  Clarence  John  Rohwer,  Paul 
De  Loss  Rollins,  Sol  Rosenberg,  Bert  Lee  Ross,  Charlotte  R.  Ross,  Or- 
ville H.  Ross,  Laurence  A.  Rust. 

Otto  M.  Salmon,  Dclmas  Hiram  Sample,  Paul  Hayden  Sanderson, 
Carl  A.  Sandstrom,  George  Wald  Sargeant,  Albert  Emil  Schalla,  Albert 
Scharf,  Carolyn  Mable  Schertz,  August  Daniel  Schewe,  August  Carl 
Schroeder,  Joseph  Aloysious  Schultz,  Charles  A.  Schureman,  Jr.,  Carl  W. 
Seeger,  Mary  Sheridan,  Henry  T.  Shields,  Ray  John  Shotwell,  Carl  H. 
Simpson,  Ivan  Theron  Siscoe,  George  A.  Skidmore,  James  A.  Skillman, 
A.  W.  Skinner,  Gersham  J.  Skinner,  Harley  A.  Small,  Bee  Smiley,  Edna 
Mae  Smiley,  Robert  Clarence  Smiley,  Alice  Smith,  Arthur  W.  Smith, 
Charles  Dickson  Smith,  Charley  J.  Smith,  Claude  Melvin  Smith,  Dudley 
C.  Smith,  Oran  C.  Smith,  Floyd  M.  Smythe,  Lyle  K.  Snavely,  Charles  H. 
Snow,  Chas.  F.  Snyder,  Kenneth  Snyder,  Horace  A.  Soper,  Ross  H.  Spen- 
cer, Albert  Monton  Spier,  John  Henry  Sprau,  W.  M.  Springer,  George 
Gail  Sprouse,  Henry  Edward  Stappenbeck,  Verne  G.  Staten,  H.  Claude 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 279 

Steininger,  Frank  H.  Sterling,  Howard  Harvey  Stevenson,  Walter  Henry 
Stiegclmeier,  Win.  Walter  Strain,  Elmer  Charles  Straub,  Eobert  M. 
Strickle,  Boss  Andrus  Strickle,  Ansel  F.  Stubblefield,  Jacob  Julius  Suter, 
Howard  E.  Sutherland,  Frederick  Odins  Sutter,  Wm.  James  Sweeney. 

Dean  Tanner,  Ralph  A.  Tanner,  Glenn  Sirledan  Tatman,  Samuel 
Myron  Tee,  George  B.  Tenney,  Harry  Houser  Tenney,  Otto  Anthony 
Thoennes,  Lewis  Joseph  Thomas,  Daniel  F.  Thompson,  James  E.  Thomp- 
son, Kenneth  Alexander  Thompson,  Ealph  R.  Thompson,  Otto  P.  Tiemann, 
Thomas  Orville  Tiffin,  Floyd  Chester  Tobin,  Harold  John  Toohey,  Wayne 
Carlyle  Townley,  Daniel  Edward  Twomey. 

Harry  Umphress,  Henry  Elton  Underbrink. 

Asa  Hamilton  Vallandingham,  Park  Vance,  Perley  Bernice  Vande- 
veer,  Fred  Randolph  Vollborn  (deceased). 

Fred  Charles  Wahls,  Sherman  D.  Wakefield,  George  Henry  Wall,  John 
Ray  Wallace,  Don  E,  Wallcy,  Glenn  Dan  Walley,  Thos.  M.  Walsh,  Paul 
Walter,  Wm.  Verne  Ward,  Robert  MacDonald  Washburn,  Frank  Herman 
Watchinski,  Earl  Harrison  Waters,  Ferre  C.  Watkins,  Harold  R.  Watkins, 
Paul  R.  Watkins,  Warren  C.  Watkins,  Lorin  J.  Welch,  Thomas  S.  Weldon, 
Chas.  Augustus  Whalen,  Glenn  J.  Wheeler,  Ralph  Owen  White,  Ned  V. 
Whitesell,  Robert  Peter  Whitmer,  Albert  R.  Wilcox,  Gayland  Elbert 
Wilhoit,  F.  C.  Willey,  Mailess  Clyde  Williams,  Walter  Wood  Williams, 
Jesse  Ray  Willis,  Mart  Willis,  Jesse  Lee  Wise,  William  Glair  Wise,  Artee 
Witt,  Ferdinand  G.  Wollenschlager,  Louis  E.  Wollrab,  Louis  Arthur  Wood, 
Fannie  E.  Woodbury,  M.  F.  Woodruff,  Asa  P.  WToods,  Evelyn  Wooley, 
Myles  Spencer  Wooster,  Robert  Burr  Wren,  Orion  Leo  Wright,  W.  W. 
Wyckoff. 

Clarence  Edward  Yaeger,  Homer  S.  Yetman,  Chester  Young,  Fred  H. 
Young,  Laurance  Henry  Young. 

John  J.  Ziemers,  Wm.  Asberry  Zook. 

COUNTY  ROLL  AMERICAN  LEGION 
At  Leroy 

Ruel  Neal  post  was  named  in  honor  of  Ruel  Neal,  the  first  Leroy 
boy  to  lose  his  life  in  the  war,  he  being  killed  in  action,  in  a  front 
line  trench  on  the  Meuse  river  on  October  2,  1918.  The  officers  of  the 
post  first  elected  were:  Commander,  Dr.  O.  M.  Thompson;  vice  com- 
mander, Herman  L.  Thomas;  adjutant,  R.  E.  Kimler;  finance  officer, 
Miles  C.  Grizzellc;  chaplain,  Rev.  H.  R.  Browne;  sergeant-at-arms, 
Charles  Bane. 

The  list  of  members:  Dean  D.  Buckles,  Ray  McFadden,  Dwight  L. 
Cooksley,  Harold  R.  Browne,  Hugh  C.  Keys,  Roy  E.  Lawson,  Earl  Gulley, 
Clarence  H.  Flegel,  Russell  C.  Brown,  David  D.  McKay,  Fred  J.  Phil- 
lip, Arthur  H.  Morgan,  Eugene  Dennison,  Harry  J.  Flegel,  Dr.  O.  M. 
Thompson,  Dean  Amstadt,  Frank  K.  Beckham,  Lorin  Pray,  Adley  O. 
Whitaker,  Park  S.  Simmons,  Roy  E.  Kimler,  Forrest  D.  Patterson,  Don- 
ald T.  Jones,  Pete  N.  Olsen,  Homer  Phillips,  Shelby  Hendren,  Alex  Riggs, 
Clarence  L.  Hoit,  Earl  Rigney,  Lester  H.  Wahls,  Guy  Wahlstrom,  Ben- 
jamin Walden,  Oliver  C.  Walden,  Herschel  C.  Underbill,  Edward  R. 
Van  Atta,  Byron  D.  Kline,  Clifford  L.  Crumbaugh,  Lawrence  E.  Ham- 
mond, Clarence  E.  Warton,  Julian  K.  Kincaid,  Fordyce  Sargent,  Clifton 
Buckles,  Lyle  B.  Moss,  Roy  M.  Wirt,  Otha  S.  Dailey,  Frank  Head,  jr., 
E.  R.  Kirby,  Elmer  Farris,  Millard  Brame,  Frank  W.  Hansford,  Frank 
Hale,  Elmer  G.  Staley,  Bernard  Quanstrom,  Marvin  C.  Neal,  Dewey 
Healea,  Carl  M.  McComb,  Edward  H.  Grady,  Ottie  Wallace,  Glenn  E. 
Craig,  Eugene  E.  Taylor,  Chalmer  C.  Taylor,  "Wilbur  Evans,  Albert  War- 
ford,  Lawrence  Peak,  Grover  C.  Tudor,  Harry  Edward  Dunakey,  Lee 


280 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

Silvers,  Frank  D.  Moots,  Claire  F.  Story,  Glenn  F.  Zellhoefer,  Benn  L. 
Riggs,  Frederick  Peak,  Lindley  Oliver,  Lawrence  R.  Wynn,  Valbert  B. 
Oneal,  Clifford  E.  Dooley,  Harry  L.  Roy,  John  W.  Hawkins,  Will  Fred 
Landis,  Wesley  Wagers,  Merle  Arbogast,  Herman  L.  Reynolds,  Hal  W. 
Conefry,  David  Rutledge,  Lawrence  A.  Pray,  Dr.  D.  E.  Sisk,  William 
Ball,  Talmadge  E.  Ross,  Alvadore  Dennis,  Albert  M.  Carlson,  E.  L. 
Deatrick.  Carl  Edward  Mikel,  Harry  Van  Atta,  John  D.  Lemmel,  Carl 
H.  Backlund,  John  D.  Carpenter,  Guy  E.  Neal,  Lester  W.  Scott,  Robert 
B.  Lament,  Walter  H.  Bradley,  Pearl  T.  Reynolds,  Robert  D.  Ross,  Percy 
A.  Phillips,  Herschel  P.  Holt,  iRussell  Owen,  Harley  H.  Scott,  Edwain 
Barnum,  Charles  E.  Bane,  Clarence  E.  Mardis,  Harry  E.  Clevenger,  Perry 
F.  Cruteher,  Grand ville  J.  Boss,  David  B.  Dolley,  Josh  W.  Alshman, 
Frank  Marcum,  Owen  R.  Shrigley,  Ebert  Underbill,  Earl  Williams,  Roy 
Thompson,  George  P.  Hoffman,  Alvin  H.  Bane,  Asa  B.  Saunders,  Fred 
W.  John,  .Clarence  E.  Simpson,  Reuben  John,  William  F.  R.  Rayburn, 
Miles  C.  Grizzelle,  George  Dewey  Dolly,  Jack  W.  Barton,  Arthur  C. 
Brining,  Edgar  L.  Hendryx,  Fred  Wey,  Chauncey  Doggett,  Fred  W. 
Bishop,  Claude  T.  Brown,  John  F.  McFee,  Edgar  Moon,  Herman  L. 
Thomas,  Loyal  C.  Skillman,  Lyle  Michaels,  Lester  W.  Jones,  Frank  L. 
Ferguson,  William  F.  Masters,  Gerald  M.  Cline. 

At  Saybrook 

David  Humphrey  Daniels  post,  named  in  honor  of  the  first  soldier 
from  Saybrook  to  give  up  his  life  in  the  war,  had  the  following  officers: 
Commander,  Cecil  Rhodes  Hudson;  vice  commander,  Fred  G.  Gary;  treas- 
urer, Roy  Return  Cheney;  adjutant,  Ora  Francis  LaTeer.  The  list  of 
members  included  Cyrus  Weldon  Reddick,  Lee  H.  Evans,  James  K. 
Brock,  Edward  Zimmerman,  Elsy  Walden,  Clarence  E.  Gilmore,  Rex  R. 
Roach.  Charles  E.  Butler,  William  T.  Roach,  Joseph  E.  Tipsord,  Benjamin 
H.  Wills,  Hugh  C.  Froehlich,  Alvin  O'Neal,  Henry  E.  Swanson,  Clyde 
Perry,  John  L.  Scotton,  WTilliam  Ward,  William  E.  Crotinger,  Virgil 
Martin,  John  L.  Easterbrook,  Otto  H.  Struebing,  Charles  G.  Wills, 
Clement  O.  Williams,  Thomas  J.  Martin,  James  H.  Campher,  Harry  E. 
Campbell,  Jesse  Tongate,  Harry  R.  Fryer,  Lyle  F.  Proffitt,  Arthur  A. 
Johnson,  Clay  L.  Mohr,  Mascal  H.  Gary. 

At  Colfax 

A  post  was  organized  at  Colfax  in  June,  1920,  and  was  named  the 
Davis-Kerber  post  in  honor  of  Bernard  Davis  of  Martin  township  who 
was  killed  in  action,  and  Albert  Kerber,  who  died  of  pneumonia  in 
France.  The  officers  elected  were  as  follows:  Commander,  Reid  Homey; 
vice  commander,  Fred  Scholl;  finance  officer  and  adjutant,  C.  R.  Steven- 
son; sergeant-at-arms,  Edsell  B.  Downey.  Committees  were  appointed 
as  follows:  Building  Committee,  Fred  Scholl,  C.  A.  Eagan,  W.  B.  Dor- 
sett;  Amusement  Committee,  Wm.  W.  Hite,  Smith  McHatton,  Walter 
Parmele.  The  charter  membership  included:  David  L.  Gillan,  James 
Getty,  William  McClellan,  O.  E.  Phillips,  John  Wonderlin,  Smith  McHat- 
ton, Edsell  Downey,  Pete  Lorig,  Clifton  Parmele,  Fred  Scholl,  Sidney 
McClure,  Walter  Parmele,  W.  B.  Dorsett,  Lee  Garner,  Clyde  Eagan, 
Charles  Keller,  C.  B.  Stevens,  Geo.  Stretch,  Reid  Homey,  Dave  Murphy, 
Fred  Kauth,  James  Austin  and  Chas.  Downey. 

At  Gridley 

Gridley  post  No.  218  was  organized  in  1919  with  the  following  offi- 
cers: Post  commander,  Lynn  C.  Sieberns,  adjutant,  Everett  F.  Kent; 
sergeant-at-arms,  John  D.  Rediger.  The  roll  of  members  during  the  first 
few  months  of  the  post's  existence  included:  L.  C.  Sieberns,  Everett 
F.  Kent,  Frank  Benedict,  William  Hclbling,  Elmer  Benedict,  Myron  C. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 281 

,  "William  J.  Gibbs,  Frank  Klein,  John  Eediger,  Oscar  Sieberns, 
Eli  Stoller,  Loren  Freed,  Theodore  Eich,  Li  Silas  Rich,  Byron  Phillis, 
McKinley  Benedict,  Henry  Diggle,  George  F.  Kent,  E.  Glen  Kent,  Vivian 
Wilfong,  Edward  Klein,  Dave  Lintner,  Clifford  Manshardt,  Harvey 
Meeker,  Edward  Helbling,  William  Burnham,  Orie  W.  Coyle,  H.  B. 
Coyle,  Earl  Benedict,  Paul  F.  Kent,  John  Ferguson,  Ward  Andrews,  Jo- 
seph Huber,  Park  Gardner,  W.  H.  Hill,  William  Wilson,  John  Eupperle, 
Eussell  P.  Young,  John  V.  Beeves,  Perl  Fleming. 

At  Bellflower 

Grant  Post,  No.  202,  at  Bellflower,  was  named  in  honor  of  Earl 
and  Erwin  Grant,  sons  of  Eichard  Grant,  both  of  whom  gave  up  their 
'lives  in  the  war.  Earl  died  in  Jefferson  Barracks,  and  Erwin  died  in 
France  after  the  close  of  the  .war,  when  he  was  returning  with  his  regi- 
ment from  Germany.  The  officers  of  the  post  are:  Commander  S.  W. 
Haigler;  senior  vice  commander,  J.  Warner  Carlyle;  finance,  A.  G. 
Gooch;  adjutant,  B.  F.  Hinshaw;  "  service  officer,  DeWitt  E.  Gooch, 
III;  sergeant-at-arms,  John  Jensen.  The  members  of  the  post  are  as 
follows:  William  L.  Barnhart,  F.  Glenn  O.  Ellis,  Todd  E.  Coit,  Levi 
Barnhart,  Jessie  Ward,  O.  D.  Eichard,  Fred  A.  Ward,  Floyd  A.  Zoll, 
Marley  G.  Hampleman,  Archie  C.  Miller,  George  A.  Jordan,  Charles 
Monical,  Wesley  G.  Wagner,  Willard  Gordon,  Harold  W.  Brandon,  Jesse 
P.  Provines,  Samuel  W.  Ashworth,  Oliver  P.  Ely,  Forrest  T.  Jones,  Elmer 
L.  Day,  Eoy  Schofield,  Charles  Bliss,  Alva  Monical,  E.  L.  Masters,  John 
K.  Price,  Oliver  J.  Troster,  Oral  M.  Summers,  Arthur  Curtis,  Oscar  A. 
House,  Orda  Shelton,  Eichard  J.  Nichols,  Charles  B.  Lawrence,  Tony  M. 
Jones,  Wesley  Williams,  Frank  M.  Mangold,  Harry  B.  Stuart,  Elmer  M. 
Gose,  Herman  Eexroat,  Eobert  Otto,  Balph  Hillis,  Clarence  Eohlfing, 
Everct  Schmale,  Grover  M.  Fox,  Omar  Ashworth,  Clyde  E.  Noe,  Frank 
Petrashek,  Thomas  C.  Burke. 

At  Chenoa 

The  organization  of  Ben  Both  Post,  No.  234,  took  place  at  Chenoa 
in  May,  1919.  It  was  named  in  honor  of  Ben  Both,  a  Chenoa  soldier  who 
died  in  France.  There  are  about  sixty-five  members  of  this  post,  and 
they  have  been  active  in  promoting  the  interests  of  the  soldiers,  giving 
several  entertainments,  maintaining  teams  in  athletic  sports  and  other 
activities.  The  officers  are:  Commander,  Pierre  Turck;  vice  commander, 
Frank  Hogan;  adjutant,  Calvin  E.  Gentes.  The  post  has  had  a  steady 
growth  since  its  organization. 

At  Anchor 

Erwin  Martensen  Post  No.  164,  at  Anchor  was  named  in  honor  of 
a  soldier  from  that  community  who  was  killed  in  action.  The  post  is 
one  of  the  newer  ones,  being  organized  in  1920.  The  officers  are:  Com- 
mander, Henry  L.  Simpson;  service  officer,  John  A.  Schmidt;  finance 
otiieer,  Joe  Garrett;  adjutant,  Albert  Brandt.  In  addition  to  the  above 
officers,  the  membership  includes  Arthur  F.  Lupp,  John  F.  Beinhart, 
George  Hensen,  Harry  J.  Schleeter,  Clarence  M.  Smith,  John  H.  Brokate, 
Harry  E.  Patnaude,  Alfred  L.  Freiberg,  Clarence  McLean,  Herbert 
Bowan,  Irving  L.  Kent,  Ora  Walter  Crum,  B.  W.  Meldner,  Charles  J. 
Lohoff,  William  E.  Schmidt,  Momen  Pyle,  John  Bathon,  Howard  Gantz, 
Tobey  Bane,  August  E.  Brandt,  William  F.  West. 

At  McLean 

Burger-Benedict  Post,  No.  973,  of  the  American  Legion,  was  formed 
at  McLean  at  a  meeting  hold  on  Feb.  26,  1920.  It  was  named  from  Dewey 
Burger  and  Ernest  Benedict,  two  McLean  boys  who  wore  killed  in  hatlle 
in  France.  The  officers  elected  were:  Commander,  C.  B.  Van  Ness;  vice 


282 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 

commander,  Bay  A.  Bowers;  past  commander,  Ansel  Stubblefield;  adjutant, 
Grant  V.  Wilcox;  finance  officer,  Martin  W.  Hildebrandt;  sergeant-at-arms, 
Otto  Humble;  service  officer,  George  N.  Snyder;  historian,  George  Bene- 
dict; chaplain,  Dan  McFarland;  athletic  officer,  Harry  Matthews.  The  list 
of  members  includes  Harold  D.  Woodmancy,  Clarence  C.  Crutchley,  Lyle  E. 
Wilcox,  Jesse  W.  Crutchley,  Homer  Warner,  Charles  Adams,  Andrus  A.  Dun- 
bar,  Anton  Hildebrandt,  John  Leslie  Cowan,  Jesse  Stubblefield,  Eoy  M. 
Craig,  Thomas  Swearingen,  Albert  Tyson,  Elbert  Rousey,  Tee  Farmer,  Clif- 
ford M.  Wilcox,  Charles  Alford  Benedict,  Gilbert  Leman  Reynolds,  Clar- 
ence Ernest  Dennison,  Lou  Butler  Robinson,  Arlie  Swearingen,  Fred  Snow, 
Dan  S.  Buck,  David  Snow,  Paul.  W.  McFarland,  Allen  S.  Davis,  John  H. 
Swearingen,  Herbert  W.  Hildebrandt,  Earl  Dishong,  Lloyd  Burger,  Claude 
O.  Burger,  Frank  Hildebrand,  Boyd  Adkins,  Charles  Adkins,  Herbert  Ewing.. 


WAR  WORK  OF  BUREAU  OF  SOCIAL  SERVICE 

The  Bloomington  Bureau  of  Social  Service,  which  in  peace  is  a  full- 
time  organization  devoted  to  family  welfare  work,  took  on  new  aspects 
during  the  war,  and  gave  to  the  newer  local  organization  of  the  Red 
Cross  the  benefit  of  its  trained  personnel  and  experience.  One  depart- 
ment of  Red  Cross  work  in  particular,  the  home  service,  found  in  the 
Bureau  a  strong  ally  and  at  times  a  valued  leader.  Much  that  was  best 
in  Home  Service  work  as  the  war  progressed,  the  Bureau  of  Social  Ser- 
vice helped  to  build  in  the  earlier  days.  Soon  after  America 's  entry  into 
the  war,  the  government  took  over  every  available  trained  social  service 
worker,  and  most  of  these  were  asked  to  give  all  or  much  of  their  time 
to  war  emergency  work.  There  is  an  art  in  dealing  with  families  in 
abnormal  conditions  such  as  the  war  brought,  and  that  art  is  acquired 
only  by  careful  teaching  and  supervised  experience.  Mrs.  Jacob  Bohrer, 
who  became  head  of  the  home  service  work  of  the  Red  Cross  in  this 
county,  testified  to  the  inestimable  value  of  the  Bureau  in  organizing 
the  home  service  department  of  the  Red  Cross.  The  Bloomington  chap- 
ter of  Red  Cross  established  courses  in  training  its  workers,  and  the 
Bureau  of  Social  Service  was  responsible  for  the  field  work  of  these 
volunteer  visitors,  both  in  theory  and  practice.  Their  instruction  was 
under  the  direction  of  Mrs.  Mabel  H.  Seymour,  General  Secretary.  Mrs. 
Seymour  also  acted  as  a  member  of  the  advisory  committee  of  the  Home 
Service  department  of  the  Red  Cross  during  the  period  of  the  war.  Mrs. 
Naoma  M.  Fry,  assistant  to  Mrs.  Seymour,  gave  much  of  her  time,  train- 
ing and  experience  as  a  social  worker  to  the  Red  Cross  Home  service 
work.  The  sum  total  of  the  Bureau's  work  was  no  small  item  in  keep- 
ing up  the  morale  of  many  families  whom  the  war  had  placed  under 
an  unusual  strain. 

GERMAN  PRISONERS  ASTONISHED 

Herbert  Livingston,  son  of  the  late  Mayer  Livingston,  proprietor 
of  the  Newmarket  in  Bloomington,  wrote  a  Mothers  Day  letter  to  Mrs. 
Allie  his  mother  on  May  12,  1918,  telling  of  his  location  in  France  at 
that  time.  He  told  how  just  before  that  time  there  had  passed  through 
that  part  of  France  a  great  body  of  American  troops  on  their  way  to 
the  front.  All  were  fine  men,  in  the  pink  of  physical  condition,  w-ell 
clothed  and  indicating  a  splendidly  equipped  army.  Near  that  place  are 
a  large  number  of  German  prisoners,  some  working  on  the  roads  and  in 
other  capacities.  Young  Livingston  says  that  the  expressions  on  the 
faces  of  the  Germans  when  they  beheld  this  splendid  army  of  American 
fighters  was  a  study.  They  had  never  dreamed  of  so  great  a  force  of 
such  fine  fighting  men,  having  been  kept  in  ignorance  of  the  real  power 
the  Americans  were  putting  into  the  struggle.  Probably  a  lot  of  the 
prisoners  exclaimed  in  unison,  when  they  saw  the  Americans:  "Mein 
Gott  im  Himmel. " 


McLKAX    COCNTY    AXD    THE    WORLD    WAR 


283 


SUPT.  B.   C.   MOORE   AND   SONS 


Right — Supt.  B.  C.  Moore.  Above — Byron  B.  Moore.  Left — Wayne 
8.  Moore. 

Benjamin  C.  Moore,  superintendent  of  schools  for  McLean  county, 
and  his  two  sons  were  in  the  service,  a  unique  distinction,  all  three  re- 
flecting credit  upon  their  county  and  the  nation  they  served.  Supt. 
Moore  was  very  active  in  local  relief  work  during  the  war,  serving 
faithfully  as  a  member  of  the  Council  of  Defense  and  Bed  Cross;  and 
aiding  in  the  various  drives.  He  was  also  one  of  the  "four  minute"  men. 

He  had  applied  for  an  appointment  in  the  Army  Educational  work 
under  the  auspices  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  when  the  armistice  was  signed. 
When  the  need  came  for  several  hundred  experienced  educational  ex- 
ecutives, Supt.  Moore  received  an  urgent  call  and  accepted,  proceeding 
directly  to  France  and  entering  the  Army  Educational  Corps,  organized 
to  take  over  the  great  and  rapidly  growing  educational  program.  Supt. 
Moore  was  assigned  to  the  college  of  education  and  post  schools,  a  sec- 
tion of  the  A.  E.  P.  University  at  Beaume,  France.  His  especial  duties 
were  the  training  of  soldier  teachers,  the  inspection  of  schools  and  the 
teaching  of  illiterates.  Supt.  Moore  returned  from  France  in  the  summer 
of  1919  and  resumed  his  post  as  the  head  of  the  McLean  county  schools. 

Wayne  S.  Moore  entered  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy  at  West  Point 
in  June,  1918,  his  class  completing  the  course  in  record  time 

He  won  the  rank  of  honor  student.  It  had  been  his  ambition  for 
several  years  to  enter  this  academy.  His  membership  in  the  training 
school,  made  him  automatically  a  soldier  of  Uncle  Sam  and  he  with  other 
students,  joined  in  the  hurryup  program  to  train  officers  when  the  Arm- 
istice was  signed,  the  class  of  which  Wayne  was  a  member  was  next  in 
order  to  be  commissioned  and  sent  across.  He  shared  with  others  of 
his  class,  the  disappointment  of  the  premature  peace. 

Byron  E.  Moore,  the  second  son  of  Supt.  B.  C.  Moore,  selected  the 
navy,  and  on  the  day  he  became  18,  he  enlisted.  He  was  assigned  to 


284 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


the  Eadio  Service.  He  volunteered  as  a  Submarine  detector  or  listener, 
and,  in  the  tests,  ranked  second  in  proficiency  in  a  large  class.  Close 
study  and  faithful  duty  brought  him  active  service  soon  and  he  was 
assigned  to  Sub-Chaser  No.  104,  making  one  trip  across  the  ocean  and 
also  going  to  the  Caribbean  Sea.  He  became  an  expert  "listener"  and 
was  able  to  distinguish  the  coming  of  various  craft  by  the  use  of  the 
hydrophone.  His  craft  was  once  reported  lost.  It  was  but  110  ft.  long 
and  11  ft.  wide.  Byron  was  rele'ased  from  active  duty  in  January,  1919, 
and  resumed  his  school  duties  in  Normal. 


CHENOA'S  FIRST  DRAFTEE 

MAN 

Entering  the  first  draft  contin- 
gent for  district  No.  1  at  his  own 
request,  Sergt.  F.  C.  Schroeder 
was  the  first  man  from  Chenoa 
township  to  go  into  the  national 
army,  leaving  Bloomington  on 
September  4,  1917.  From  Camp 
Dodge  he  went  to  Camp  Logan, 
then  overseas  with  an  ammuni- 
tion train  in  May,  1918.  Fought 
with  the  British  forces  at  Albert 
and  Amiens  until  July  26,  when 
he  entered  a  hospital  on  account 
of  overwork  and  exhaustion.  On 
October  18  he  returned  to  his 
duty  at  the  front,  remaining  un- 
til the  close  of  the  war.  He  was 
about  the  first  man  to  return  to 
Chenoa  from  overseas  duty, 
reaching  home  on  December  16, 
1918. 


CAPTURED   BY  GERMANS 


Probably  the  only  Bloomington  sol- 
dier who  was  captured  by  Germans 
and  returned  alive  to  tell  the  story 
was  Gus  Goodwin,  brother  of  Mrs.  W. 
T.  Rahlman  of  1005  North  McLean 
street.  He  was  only  16  years  of  age 
when  he  enlisted,  and  was  not  yet  18 
when  he  was  taken  prisoner  in  August, 
1918.  He  was  reported  missing  in 
action  at  that  time,  and  several 
months  later  his  sister  got  a  letter 
saying  he  had  been  released  from  a 
German  prison  camp  and  was  on  his 
way  home.  He  received  fairly  good 
treatment  in  the  camp.  When  a  boy 
in  Bloomington  he  attended  Washing- 
ton and  Franklin  schools  and  after- 
ward worked  in  a  grocery  store. 


Gus  Goodwin 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 285 

JUDGE  JAMES  C.  RILEY 

One  of  the  public  men  of  McLean  county 
who  labored  thruout  the  war  in  a  cause 
which  counted  much,  was  County  Judge 
James  C.  Riley.  He  took  part  with  hun- 
dreds of  other  citizens  in  the  various 
drives,  for  liberty  loans,  Red  Cross,  war 
work  funds,  and  similar  activities,  but  his 
particular  interest  was  war  savings  stamps. 
He  was  appointed  county  chairman  of  the 
War  Savings  Committee  by  the  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States,  and 
served  from  the  time  of  the  launching  of 
the  first  W.  S.  S.  drive  throughout  the  war. 
The  work  along  this  line  was  of  a  peculiar 
nature.  It  was  continuous  in  its  appeal, 
and  its  object  was  to  encourage  habits  of 
thrift  and  saving  among  the  people,  as  well 
as  to  contribute  money  toward  the  one 
great  cause.  But  the  war  savings  stamp 
drives  lacked  the  spectacular  feature  of 
the  liberty  loans.  While  the  quota  set  for 
the  county  was  $1,700,000  for  one  year  the  individual  sales  were  gen- 
erally small  sums.  Therefore  the  task  of  reaching  any  given  goal  was 
much  more  difficult  than  was  the  liberty  loan  drives,  where  subscriptions 
came  in  hundreds  and  often  in  thousands  of  dollars.  In  spite  of  the 
fact  that  other  and  larger  war  enterprises  were  engaging  the  time  and 
strength  of  most  of  those  in  every  community  who  were  at  all  disposed 
to  labor  in  wai"  enterprises,  committees  were  appointed  in  every  school 
district,  and  savings  societies  organized  in  every  school  and  in  industrial 
and  mercantile  institutions.  Thrift  stamps  were  sold  in  denominations 
of  twenty-five  cents  each. 

When  sixteen  of  these  were  sold,  the  card  containing  them  was 
redeemable  for  what  was  called  a  War  Savings  stamp  worth  $5  each. 
One  of  these  war  savings  stamp  cards  containing  sixteen  $5  stamps,  was 
redeemable  in  1923  for  $100.  The  committee  under  direction  of  Judge 
Riley  worked  away  during  the  two  years  of  the  war  and  managed  to 
dispose  of  stamps  to  the  total  value  of  over  $2,000,000.  The  purchasers 
of  the  war  savings  stamps  were  generally  people  of  smaller  means  than 
those  who  bought  liberty  bonds,  for  this  was  a  kind  of  war  investment 
which  could  be  taken  in  small  denominations.  Many  of  the  labor  unions 
of  Bloomington  went  into  the  war  stamp  business  as  a  body.  Thousands 
of  dollars'  worth  of  stamps  were  sold  among  the  Alton  shop  men  in 
Bloomington.  In  some  factories  and  other  industrial  plants,  clubs  were 
formed  whereby  each  employe  gave  over  out  of  his  weekly  pay  envelope 
a  certain  sum  to  be  invested  in  war  savings  stamps.  But  while  smaller 
buyers  were  numerous,  there  were  some  larger  investors.  What  was 
called  the  Maximum  War  Savings  Club  was  organized,  whose  members 
agreed  to  take  the  sum  of  $1,000  in  stamps,  this  being  the  maximum 
amount  allowed  to  each  purchaser.  The  Maximum  Club  in  McLean  county 
eventually  reached  a  membership  of  several  hundreds.  On  the  whole,  the 
work  in  selling  war  savings  stamps  was  among  the  most  important  of 
any  conducted  by  any  group  of  people,  and  McLean  County  ranked 
among  the  highest  in  Illinois. 


286 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


WAE  EMPLOYMENT  BOAED 

Started  as  a  necessity  at  the  outbreak 
of  the  war,  the  McLean  county  branch 
of  the  Illinois  Free  Employment  Bureau, 
became  in  eighteen  months  a  permanent 
and  valuable  public  utility.  Farmers  for 
many  miles  in  all  directions  from  Bloom- 
ington  come  to  this  office  for  their  hired 
hands  and  the  industrial  plants  of  the 
city  find  use  for  it  constantly. 

John  E.  Matthews  has  been  responsible 
{'or  the  success  of  the  office.  During  the 
war  his  task  was  to  find  men  to  send  to 
the  shipyards  and  cantonments,  to  make 
the  idlers  at  home  go  to  work  and  to 
place  all  men  where  they  would  produce 
the  most  during  the  strain  of  war.  After 
the  war  he  was  busy  for  months  finding 
jobs  for  returned  soldiers  and  placing 
them  at  the  occupations  that  they  wanted 
to  work  in  so  far  as  it  was  possible. 

The  total  number  of  persons  placed  at 
work  during  the  ten  months  of  1918  that 
the  employment  bureau  was  in  existence 
was  2,436. 

The  grand  total  for  the  first  t^venty- 
two  months  of  the  bureau  is  6,610. 

The  average  number  of  person's  placed  at  work  in  n  mor.th  in  tlu> 
history  of  the  bureau  is  300.  The  average  during  1919 ,per  month  was 
346. 

The  average  in  1919  was  twelve  persons  given  jobs  a  day.  There 
are  frequent  cases  where  men  are  given  jobs  and  neither  the  man  or 
his  employer  reported  the  fact  to  the  office  and  the  matter  could  not 
be  put  on  record.  If  these  cases  were  included  the  totals  would  be 
higher  in  every  month. 

The  government  financed  the  office  until  March  22,  1919.  Then  un- 
til June  1  the  office  was  kept  going  by  the  combined  help  of  the  Better 
Farming  Association,  the  Association  of  Commerce,  Trades  Assembly 
Merchants'  and  Manufacturers'  Association  and  the  city.  On  June  1, 
1919,  the  state  took  over  the  office. 


G.  EDWIN  KNAPP 


Engaged  in  Y.  M.  C.  A.  work  as  song  leader  at  Camp  Pike  for  many 
months  during  the  war.  Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  George  Knapp  of  Bloom 
ington. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


287 


DANVERS  BOY  LOSES  LEG 

Leonard  Bunch,  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Oscar  Bunch  of  Danvers,  was  in- 
jured while  serving  with  the  United  States  expeditionary  forces  in  France. 
His  leg  was  shattered  and  had  to  be  amputated  above  his  knee.  He  was 
invalided  home  as  soon  as  he  recovered  from  the  shock  of  the  amputation. 
Bunch  was  one  of  the  first  McLean  county  boys  to  get  into  the  army  after 
war  looked  certain,  and  he  was  perhaps  the  first  seriously  wounded  soldier 
from  this  county.  He  enlisted  March  8,  1917,  a  month  before  the  U.  S. 
declared  war  on  Germany.  After  Jefferson  barracks  duty  he  was  sent  to 
Co.  H.  of  the  Third  U.  S.  regulars  at  Eagle 
Pass,  Texas,  and  later  transferred  to  Co.  E, 
26th  Infantry.  The  latter  regiment  sailed  for 
France  in  June,  1917,  just  after  Gen.  Pershing 
had  established  headquarters  in  Paris.  They 
landed  at  St.  Nazaire  on  June  26,  and  in  July 
were  assigned  to  a  "quiet  sector"  at  the  front 
near  Luneville.  In  November  they  were  taken 
back  to  a  rest  camp,  and  in  the>  following 
February  sent  to  the  Toul  sector.  There  at 
10  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  February  16  a 
German  high  explosive  shell  struck  the  trench 
10  feet  from  where  Private  Bunch  was  sta- 
tioned. He  was  hit  by  eight  different  frag- 
ments, one  of  which  shattered  his  right  knee. 
He  was  removed  to  a  base  hos-pital,  where  the 
doctors  tried  for  two  months  to  save  his  leg, 
but  in  April  decided  to  amputate  above  the 
knee.  He  was  shifted  from  one  hospital  to 
another  in  France  till  August,  when  he  returned  to  the  U.  S.  and  spent  the 
time  till  February,  1919,  at  the  Walter  Reed  hospital  in  Washington.  He 
reached  his  home  in  Danvers  on  February  6.  He  had  been  fitted  with  an 
artificial  leg,  and  has  learned  to  use  it  successfully. 


Leonard   Bunch 


WOUNDED  IN  BATTLE 

Bernard  Duehr  enlisted  in  the  ma- 
rines at  Peoria,  April  20,  1917,  at  the 
age  of  19,  and  sailed  for  France  Sep- 
tember 16,  1917.  He  was  a  member  of 
74th  company,  6th  regiment,  First  bat- 
talion. On  July  19,  1918,  he  was 
wounded  while  orderly  for  the  camp 
and  carrying  messages  to  the  front  line 
trenches  during  the  battle  of  Soissons. 
He  has  a  brother,  Lieutenant  Raymond 
Duehr,  who  was  in  the  officers'  train- 
ing camp  at  Augusta,  Ga. 


Bernard   Duehr 


288 


COMPANY  M  10TH  REGT.  I.  N.  G. 


sonnel  was   as  follows: 


When  the  entire  National  Guard  of 
Illinois  hastened  to  training  camps  at  the 
outbreak  of  the  war,  reserve  regiments 
were  organized,  one  being  the  Tenth. 
Bloomington  was  given  representation, 
Company  M.  This  command  occupied 
first  class  armory  quarters  in  the  C.  U. 
Williams  building  and  was  ably  officered 
and  equipped.  It  served  as  a  valuable 
training  school  for  men  who  later  went 
into  the  army  service  and  a  large  pro- 
portion of  its  members  so  advanced. 
Company  M  played  a  very  important 
part  during  the  war,  escorting  the  draft 
contingents  to  the  trains,  attending  the 
final  rites  over  the  men  who  made  the 
supreme  sacrifice  and  paying  the  soldiers 
tribute  at  the  grave.  Company  M  was 
Bloomington 's  pride  during  the  dark  days 
of  the  war  and  the  command  ranked  as 
the  leading  unit  of  the  Tenth.  The  per- 


Captain — Clifford  B.  Hamilton. 

First  Lieut. — Otto  Tieman.     Second  Lieut.— Fred  Muhl. 

1st  Sergeant — Chas.  W.  Nichols. 

Sergeants— Wm.  G.  Eadliff,  K.  S.  Hamilton,  Eoy  M.  Crosthwait, 
Walter  Schwenn. 

Corporals — L.  W.  Bosworth,  Eoland  Gee,  Homer  English,  John  L. 
Northrup,  Lyle  Straight,  Carl  Messick,  Sage  H.  Kinne. 

Cook — E.  N.  Woodworth.     Buglar — L.  W.  Plummer. 

Privates — Albert  L.  Arnold,  Clifford  C.  Baldwin,  William  G.  Barnes, 
Carl  E.  Behr,*  Maurice  J.  Brion,  Alvin  B.  Bills,  Gus  Blumke,  Edgar  S. 
Bischoff,  Carroll  M.  Bowen,*  John  M.  Barr,*  Eichard  B.  Calhoun,  Eoy 
Collier,  Paul  Collins,  Harry  E.  Grain,  George  J.  Conklin,  Ermin  B.  Carter,* 
Edwin  H.  Cook,*  Chester  B.  Castle,*  Clarence  L.  Dexter,  Owen  Dudley,* 
Alvah  H.  Denning*  Shelby  Emmert,  Milo  EJmore,  Wm.  F.  Eberlein, 
Frank  Erdman,  Fred  Feldt,*  Walter  J.  Freese,*  Frank  J.  Felton,*  Ealph 
S.  Freese,  Fred  S.  Frost,  Elam  E.  Fraser,  Leonard  E.  Ferguson,  Sumncr 
Goodfellow,  Tracey  Green,*  William  V.  Galford,  Gilbert  Gill,  Eogers 
Humphreys,*  Jesse  B.  Havens,*  Eobert  Herr,  Charles  E.  Hall,  T.  K.  Hays, 
Emory  G.  Harvey,  Charles  C.  Hastings,  Eugene  Harris,  C.  Dale  James,* 
Merton  A.  Johnston,!  Alfred  M.  Jackson,  Ebon  C.  Jones,  Eric  Kull- 
berger,*  John  Kates,*  Garold  Knight,*  Harry  J.  Kelting,  Harold  K. 
Livingston,  John  A.  Laird,  Thos.  Lancaster,  John  L.  Marquis,  Donald 
V.  Murphy,  Ealph  P.  Miller,  George  E.  Myers,  Zenna  T.  Main,  Kenneth 
A.  Miller,  Henry  C.  McCormick,  Walter  G.  Miller,  Jesse  A.  Munsell,* 
Lewis  Nevins,  Chas.  Nichols,  Charles  Osborne,  August  Pabst,  Stanley 
Paul,*  G.  N.  Paxton,*  Donald  Pease,*  Tim  H.  Perry,  George  M.  Piper, 
Leonard  M.  Potts,  Logan  B.  Perry,  Tim  Perry,  Arryl  Paul,*  George  M. 
Piper,  Walter  M.  Eaydon,  Percy  J.  Eamage,  Victor  B.  Eobison,  Alex  G. 
Eobertson,  Eoy  A.  Eamseyer,*  Geo.  W.  Boloffson,  Walter  E.  Schloeffel, 
William  E.  Shores,  E.  T.  Smith, t  Charles  H.  Snow,*  Walter  M.  Stacey,* 
Jacob  J.  Suter,*  Dan  A.  Spellman,  Floyd  M.  Symthe,*  Clayton  Tudor,* 
Leo  F.  Truchen,*  Donald  Van  Petten,  Frank  Watchinski,*  Joshua  Wein- 
stock,*  E.  Parke  Willerton,*  J.  Stuart  Wyatt,*  Phil  Wood,  Frank  B. 
Whitman,  Chas  B.  Wiley,  Harold  E.  Watkins,  B.  A.  Wright,  Stanley 
Wilhoit,  Herbert  Vielhack,  Charles  A.  Zweng. 


*Later  in  the  army.     tDied  at  home.     JDied  in  army  service. 


McLEAN    COUXTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


289 


PROF.  E.  W.  GAVINS  AND  SONS 


Prof.  Elmer  W.  Cavins,  for  twenty  years  a  teacher  in  the  Illinois 
State  Normal  University,  enlisted  with  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  for  educational 
work  in  the  A.  E..  F.  He  sailed  from  Portland  Me.,  on  a  Scotch  vessel 
and  landed  at  Glasgow.  From  there  he  proceeded  to  Paris,  via  Liver- 
pool and  Brest,  and  was  assigned  to  duty  in  the  American  E.  F.  Uni- 
versity about  to  be  established  at  Beaune.  This  university  comprised 
thirteen  colleges.  Mr.  Cavins  was  Secretary  of  the  College  of  Corre- 
spondence and  to  this  college  he  gathered  five  other  graduates  of  his 
own  home  school.  In  April  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  educators  were  taken  over 
by  the  army  and  called  the  Army  Educational  Corps.  This  army  school 
in  France  did  a  great  work  for  its  6000  students  during  the  three  months 
it  was  in  existence.  Its  doors  closed  June  6.  Prof.  Cavins  returned 
on  the  Imperator  landing  at  New  York  July  13,  1919,  and  resumed  his 
post  with  the  I.  S.  N.  U. 

Warren  Cartmell  Cavins  of  Normal  aged  19,  son  of  Prof.  E.  W. 
Cavins,  enlisted  in  the  navy  as  Apprentice  Seaman  in  December,  1917, 
and  was  called  to  the  Oreat  Lakes  Naval  Training  Station  March  26, 
1918.  When  he  was  through  detention,  he  served  a  short  time  in  the 
library  and  then  secured  a  transfer  to  the  Aviation  branch  of  the  navy. 


290 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


After  a  twelve-weeks  course  in  Machinists  Mate  school  he  was  honored 
by  being  made  instructor  in  the  same  school  where  he  served  efficiently 
until  discharged  June  7,  1919. 

Joe  Loren  Gavins,  of  Normal,  aged  18,  also  a  son  of  Prof.  E.  W. 
Gavins,  a  student  at  the  University  of  Illinois,  was  sent  by  that  institu- 
tion to  the  Officers  Training  Camp  at  Fort  Sheridan  to  prepare  to  serve 
as  an  officer  in  the  student  military  camp  of  the  U.  of  I.  After  three 
months  at  Fort  Sheridan,  he  returned  to  the  U.  of  I.,  but  secured  a 
transfer  to  the  Illinois  Wesleyan  University  of  Bloomington,  near  his 
home.  Here  he  served  in  the  S.  A.  T.  C.  under  Captains  Wheaton  and 
Collister,  his  rank  being  that  of  first  sergeant  and  his  duties  as  platoon 
commander,  those  of  a  lieutenant.  He  was  discharged  with  the  dis- 
banding of  the  S.  A.  T.  C.  December  18,  1918. 


GLEN  BOWMAN 

Glen  Bowman,  son  of  C.  C.  Bowman  of 
Bloomington,  enlisted  May  30,  1918,  as  a 
naval  machinist  and  after  training  at  Great 
Lakes  four  weeks  was  sent  to  Philadelphia, 
sailing  on  the  George  Washington  for  Brest. 
He  was  assigned  to  duty  upon  the  U.  S. 
Prometheus  which  was  termed  the  "mother 
of  destroyers"  and  remained  with  this  craft 
until  after  the  close  of  the  war.  He  then 
returned  to  New  York  and  received  his  re- 
lease from  the  service  February  9,  1919, 
then  returning  to  Bloomington  and  taking 
a  position  with  the  Dayton  Keith  Company. 
He  greatly  enjoyed  his  tour  of  duty  but 
welcomed  the  return  to  his  home  again. 


JOHN  NORMILE 

FIRST  LIEUTENANT 

Lieutenant  John  Normile  was  com- 
missioned a  First  Lieutenant  in  the 
engineers  and  was  stationed  with  the 
American  Expeditionary  Forces  some- 
where in  France.  He  is  the  son  of 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  Normile  of  907 
North  Roosevelt  avenue,  Bloomington. 
Lieut.  Normile  enlisted  as  a  private  in 
the  engineers  in  June,  1917.  He  was 
sent  to  Camp  Deming,  New  Mexico, 
and  later  was  transferred  to  the  offi- 
cers training  school  at  Camp  Lee,  Vir- 
ginia, from  where  he  was  commissioned 
Second  Lieutenant.  Lieut.  Normile  was 
a  student  in  the  architectural  depart- 
ment of  the  University  of  Illinois  at 
the  outbreak  of  the  war. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 


291 


YOUNG  MEN'S  HONOR  ROLL 

Organized  in  October,  1916,  the  Young  Men's  Club  of  Bloomington 
meeting  each  Tuesday  with  a  luncheon  has  .been  a  power  and  has  great 
influence  in  municipal  betterment.  It  was  especially  active  and  pa- 
triotic during  the  war.  Soon  after  hostilities  opened,  it  was  voted  to 
establish  a  War  Fund  from  which  money  could  be  drawn  to  contribute 
to  the  various  relief  activities.  The  Pat  O  'Brien  lecture,  one  of  the  first 
personal  narratives  of  the  war,  gave  the  club  $385.  Of  this  $150  was 
given  to  the  Red  Cross.  "Over  Th'ere, "  a  two  night  show  at  the  home 
of  E.  Mark  Evans  on  Broadway,  Normal,  realized  $1731  profits  which 
was  utilized  to  finance  the  United  War  Work  campaign  and  the  Red 
Cross.  Other  money  in  the  treasury,  $2500  was  divided  among  the 
Y.  M.  C.  A.,  Y.  W.  C.  A.,  K.  of  C.,  Belgian  Relief  and  Salvation  Army, 
while  the  club  also  voted  to  take  care  of  three  Belgian  orphans  at  a 
cost  of  $36.50  annually  each.  A  picnic  at  Miller  Park  and  a  big  minstrel 
show  at  the  Chatterton,  also  proved  successful,  the  latter  clearing  $565 
for  the  War  Fund.  By  this  time  the  Young  Men's  Club  had  become 
very  popular.  In  the  city  it  became  known  as  the  livest  bunch  in 
Bloomington.  There  was  an  event  given  during  the  summer  for  which 
no  admission  was  charged.  It  was  known  as  "Wake  Up,  America"  and 
was  for  propaganda  purposes,  being  two  lectures,  which  were  given  at 
the  Bloomington  High  School,  under  auspices  of  the  Bureau  of  Public 
Information  of  Washington.  The  last  big  event  of  the  year,  given  by  the 
Young  Men's  Business  Club,  was  the  French  Military  Band  Concert, 
given  at  the  Chatterton  Opera  House. 

The  club  contributed  thirty-two  members  to  the  service.  Every  one 
of  them  attained  honor  for  himself,  his  regiment  and  rank  and  given 
honor  to  his  country's  flag.  The  honor  roll  is  as  follows: 


Robert  E.  Alverson 
Dr.  Fred  J.  Brian 
Dwight  Bachman 
J.  J.  Butler 
Leslie  R.  Bristow 
T.  S.  Cobby 
E.  A.  Donnelly 
Dr.  L.  G.  Freeman 
Fred  Felt 
Walter  J.  Freese 
Louis  Gundercon 
Tracey  Greene 
Lawrence  L.  Gilday 
Dr.  G.  H.  Galford 
L.  Kirk  Healy 
W.  J.  Hull 


J.  B.  Havens 
Rev.  W.  B.  Hindman 
Harlan  Hart 
C.  Dale  James 
Julius  Klemm 
John  T.  Kates 
Wi'i-ren  Paxton 
C:..  Noble  Paxton 

-".  Read 
B>n  Rhodes 

*er 

~— ~rd    Rhea 
Charles  Snow 
George  Stautz 
Otto  Tieman 
Louis  Wollrab 


Officers  in  1918 — The  annual  meeting  in  January,  1918,  saw  Frank 
Rice  re-elected  President.  Bon  Hiltabrand,  Vice  President,  W.  H.  Grone- 
meier,  Secretary,  Carl  Messick,  Treasurer. 


Left  to  Rifiht — Carl  Bock.  Arthur  H.  Boden.  \Viii.  Bourge*,  Karl  Bell.  George  .T. 
Boylan,  Clifford  S.  Book,  Felix  Binnion,  Arthur  Blough,  E.  J.  Blum,  Mel- 
ville D.  Ballinger. 


292 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 


MOSES  MONTEFIORE   SYNAGOGUE   HONOR  ROLL 


Center — Julius  Epstein.  Left — Miss  Harriet  Ochs;  right — Harold 
Livingston.  Below — Karl  Epstein. 

Twelve  stars  gleam  in  the  service  flag  of  the  Moses  Montefiore 
Synagogue  of  Bloomington.  Of  those  who  saw  service,  Miss  Harriet  M. 
Ochs  remained  on  duty  long  after  the  war  was  over.  She  enlisted  as 
soon  as  hostilities  opened  and  was  assigned  to  hospital  duty  as  Dietician, 
Medical  Department,  being  ordered  to  the  Letterman  General  Hospital 
at  Presidio,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  where  she  was  kept  in  strenuous  duty 
for  several  years  and  was  still  at  that  institution  at  the  time  this  work 
went  to  press  in  1920.  Miss  Ochs  achieved  great  success  in  her  chosen 
profession  and  made  a  notable  record. 

Karl  Epstein  enlisted  in  May,  1918,  at  Camp  Bradley,  Peoria,  trained 
at  Fort  Leavenworth  and  Camp  Meade,  joining  the  Third  Field  Signal 
Battalion,  was  promoted  to  Master  Signalman  with  the  Electrical  Signal 
Corps,  and  was  then  ordered  to  France.  When  five  days  on  the  ocean, 
the  Armistice  was  signed  and  his  command  ordered  back  home  again. 
He  received  his  discharge  February  15,  1919,  at  Camp  Grant. 

Julius  Epstein  enlisted  in  July,  1917,  and  trained  for  the  Xavy  at 
Great  Lakes.  He  was  discharged  on  account  of  illness  May  13,  1918,  but 
was  given  recruiting  service  for  two  months,  making  his  headquarters 
at  League  Island,  near  Philadelphia.  He  was  finally  released  July  25, 
1918,  and  returned  home. 

Harold  Livingston  joined  the  Medical  Department  and  was  assigned 
to  Detail  of  the  S.  G.  O.  He  soon  received  orders  to  go  to  France  where 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOULD    WAR 


293 


he  saw  much  active  service  with  the  Advance  Medical  Supply  Depot 
No.  1,  A.  P.  O.  He  remained  abroad  until  the  close  of  the  war  and  then 
returned  home  to  resume  mercantile  duties  again. 

Sam  Livingston  joined  the  navy  and  trained  at  Great  Lakes  remain- 
ing in  the  service  until  peace  was  declared. 

Other  names  on  the  honor  roll  include  Dr.  H.  L.  Howell,  Joshue 
Weinstock,  Leo  Wolff,  A.  Berman,  Jack  Smith,  Herbert  Livingston  and 
Capt.  Dixon  Oberdorfer. 


First  row  (left  to  riijht) — Harvey  W.  Woizeski,  Roy  M.  Wirt,  William  O.  Wallace. 
George  H.  Williamson,  Ben  F.  Weatherford,  Haskel  O.  Whiteneck,  Vernon 
Weber,  Sunnier  F.  Williams,  William  A.  White,  Harry  Wilkinson,  Mailen  Wil- 
liams. Abort?  first  row — Harold  J.  Withers,  Tom  WTalash,  Orlo  W.  Woods. 

Second  row — Harry  15.  Wormley,  Noah  E.  Wormley,  Orion  L.  Wright,  Gayland  K. 
Wilhoit,  George  D.  Waddell,  John  R.  Willcox. 

Iliinl  row — Leo  R.  Wolf,  Jesse  L.  Wise,  Harry  West,  Joe  Weinstock,  Adley  O. 
Whitaker. 

Fourth  roiv — Albert  R.  Wilcox,  William  Watchinski,  Paul  Walter,  Merl  E.  Whiteneck, 
Carl  P.  Wilson,  Harry  H.  White,  Fred  C.  Wohls.  Clarence  Warton. 

Fifth  row — Edward  Werner,  Ray  Wohls,  Donald  D.  Whitcomb,  William  C.  Wicks, 
Jesse  L.  Williams. 


294 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

CAPT.   C.   L.   HILLS 

One  of  the  men  in  Bloomington  who 
carried  on  an  important  work  tirelessly 
and  with  little  of  spectacular  show  or  bid 
for  public  recognition,  was  Capt.  C.  L. 
Hills,  owner  of  the  Hills  hotel.  He  was 
appointed  early  in  the  war  as  chairman  of 
the  war  activities  committee  of  the  Asso- 
ciation of  Commerce,  and  also  was  named 
head  of  the  Canteen  service  committee  of 
the  Ecd  Cross.  In  both  these  functions,  he 
accomplished  the  work  with  satisfaction 
to  the  public  and  for  the  comfort  and  hap- 
piness of  all  the  young  men  whom  he  was 
called  to  serve.  The  War  Activities  com- 
mittee looked  after  the  arrangements  for 
sending  off  one  after  -another,  the  contin- 
gents of  drafted  men  as  they  were  called 
by  the  county  exemption  boards.  They 
provided  little  comforts  for  their  journeys 
and  assuaged  the  emotions  of  the  rela- 
tives by  attentions  and  kindly  considera- 
tion and  also  furnished  farewell  banquets,  and  a  band  as  escort.  Dur- 
ing the  course  of  the  war,  after  the  operation  of  the  draft  began,  there 
were  something  like  2,000  young  men  sent  out  in  this  way.  Also  there 
were  fully  as  many  more  who  enlisted  at  the  recruiting  station,  and 
these  were  treated  in  a  similar  manner.  Medals  were  struck  by  the 
Association  of  Commerce  in  special  recognition  of  the  young  man  being 
from  McLean  county,  and  one  of  these  went  to  each  young  soldier  thru 
the  ministration  of  this  committee. 

The  canteen  service  was  the  most  interesting  and  appreciated  of  any 
performed  by  the  local  organizations  during  the  war.  This  was  carried 
on  by  a  Bed  Cross  committee  of  which  Capt.  Hills  was  chairman.  From 
September,  1917,  to  the  close  of  the  war,  and  many  months  afterward, 
while  the  movement  of  troops  homeward  continued,  the  canteen  com- 
mittee was  hard  at  work.  Capt.  Hills  and  his  committee  originated  the 
idea  of  building  at  the  union  station  a  canteen  "hut"  where  the  women 
of  the  committee  might  have  their  quarters,  and  from  which  to  distri- 
bute sandwiches,  hot  coffee,  chocolates,  and  various  nick-nacks  which 
make  the  short  stay  of  the  passing  soldier  a  joy.  For  the  fund  to  build 
this  hut,  C.  D.  Phillos  and  Louis  Baldwin  gave  each  one  day's  gross  re- 
ceipts of  their  business.  With  these  funds  and  other  donations,  and 
much  free  labor  offered  by  carpenters  and  other  workmen,  the  hut  was 
built,  its  total  cost  being  about  $800.  From  this  hut  and  by  other  meth- 
ods, from  September,  1917,  to  September,  1918,  there  were  53,000  men 
served,  the  supplies  distributed  being  valued  at  $3,086.  This  made  an 
average  cost  per  man  served  6  cents.  The  active  work  of  the  canteen 
committee  ended  October  1,  1919,  when  at  a  dinner  given  by  Capt.  Hills 
and  Campbell  Holton  for  the  women  of  the  committee,  a  permanent  or- 
ganization, under  the  name  "Bed  Cross  Beserve  Canteen  Corps,"  was 
formed.  Much  of  the  hut  equipment  was  reserved  for  the  emergency  use 
of  this  permanent  corps. 

Aside  from  the  canteen  committee  and  its  work,  Capt.  Hills  is  cred- 
ited for  many  other  unique  war  activities.  One  of  these  was  the  building 
of  the  Victory  Memorial  arches  at  the  court  house  in  Bloomington,  com- 
memorating the  victorious  home-coming  of  our  boys.  There  was  one  at 
the  south  and  one  at  the  north  entrance  to  the  court  house.  They  were 
artistically  designed,  suitably  inscribed,  and  stood  for  a  year  or  more 
after  the  final  demobilization  of  the  army.  Money  for  this  purpose  was 
contributed  from  all  over  the  county. 


McLKAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD.   WAR 


295 


CANTEEN   SERVICE   FOR   SOLDIERS  EN   ROUTE 


Red  Cross  Canteen  hut  at  union  depot  in  Bloomington  with  a  group 
of  the  women  who  served  there.  Shown  in  the  picture,  left  to  right 
are:  Mrs.  Mattie  J.  Radbourn,  Mrs.  Eva  D.  Murray,  Mrs.  Louise  A. 
Ross,  Mrs.  Celia  D.  Albee,  Mrs.  Dorothea  H.  Miller,  Miss  Hazel  E.  Miller, 
Mrs.  Rose  E.  Neubauer,  Mrs.  Luella  B.  Ward,  Mrs.  Lola  W.  McFarland, 
Mrs.  Anna  L.  Miller,  Mrs.  Louise  A.  Hallett,  Miss  Oneita  M.  Vander- 
vort.  Other  members  of  the  band  of  heroic  women  but  who  were  not 
in  this  picture  are:  Miss  Ada  M.  Carlton,  Mrs.  Irene  L.  Piper,  Mrs. 
Rose  Mary  Burke,  Mrs.  Martha  M.  Will,  Mrs.  Bertha  Snyder,  Mrs.  Ina 
Gr.  Ross,  Mrs.  Mollie  L.  Carlton,  Mrs.  *Hazel  M.  Whitehead,  Mrs.  Mar- 
garet L.  Hills,  Miss  Alice  Swayze. 


One  of  the    many  units  of  returning  soldiers  stopping  at  the  canteen  hut. 


296 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    TllK    iroiiLD    WAR 


POST  L   AS  PATRIOTIC   BOOSTERS 

In  the  civilian  war  activities  of  McLean  county,  one 
factor  which  could  not  be  overlooked  was  Post  L  of  the 
Travelers  Protective  Association.  This  organization,  com- 
posed of  600  traveling  men,  was  devoted  heart  and  soul 
to  patriotic  enterprises  during  the  war.  While  the  mem- 
bers carrier  on  their  usual  business  to  such  an  extent  as 
was  possible  in  view  of  the'  strain  of  war,  they  loaned  their  energy  as  a 
body  and  as  individuals  to  the  promotion  of  every  civilian  drive  for 
war  purposes.  Notably  in  the  Liberty  Loan  campaigns,  the  commercial 
travelers  were  of  value.  Their  experience  as  salesmen  and  their  trained 
salesmanship,  assisted  in  the  pushing  the  sales  of  Liberty  Bonds  to  a 
large  figure  in  every  district  in  which  they  worked.  Many  of  the  mem- 
bers of  Post  L  acte'd  as  precinct  chairmen  in  Bloomington  in  each  of 
the  Liberty  Loan  drives,  and  also  assisted  materially  in  the  Bed  Cross 
campaigns,  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  and  United  War  fund  efforts,  and  in  other 
work  of  the  kind.  But  the  post  was  not  content  with  its  work  at  home, 
but  sent  into  active  service  in  the  army  and  navy  fifty-six  of  its  mem- 
bers. The  Travelers  were  represented  in  many  different  branches  of  the 
service,  and  all  made  creditable  records.  Two  gold  stars  adorned  the 
service  flag  of  the  post,  representing  Earl  T.  Smith  who  died  at  Camp 
Taylor,  and  Frank  M.  Thoennes,  who  died  of  pneumonia  just  after  he 
had  reached  European  shores,  having  gone  over  with  the  regimental 
band  of  the  106th  Engineers. 

HONOE  EOLL  POST  L,  T.  P.  A. 


Earl  T.  Smith,  died 
Frank  M.  Thoennes 

D.  D.  Bachman 
W.  W.  Barrett 
Karl  L.  Behnke 
W.  G.  Behr 
Carl  H.  Behr 

C.  M.  Bowen 

E.  W.  Bringham 
L.  E.  Bristow 
E.  M.  Case 

A.  S.  Coomer 

D.  L.   Cox 

J.  G.  Deynzer 
Mark  E.  Ethell 
Fred  Feldt 
H.  L.   Frost 

E.  S.  Getty 
T.  E.  Gree'n 
W.  E.  Hartson 


at  Camp  Taylor, 
died  in  hospital  in 
H.  C.  Hawk,  jr. 
J.  B.  Havens 
L.  K.  Healy 
Wr.  H.  lungerich 
Eoss  Johnson 

E.  Kullberger 
L.  H.  Koos 

F.  A.  Ldmke 
H.  H.  Lee 

H.  L.  Medbery 
Henry  Monyhan 
Edward  W.  Mott 
E.  E.  Nafziger 
O.  S.  Parmele 
O.  E.  Pattison 

G.  N.  Paxton 
J.  W.  Paxton 
A.  S.  Peterson 


Glasgow,  Scotland. 
L.  P.  Powell 
H.  E.  Protzman 
H.  J.'Eead 
E.  K.  Smith 

D.  S.  Eussell 
V.  G.  Staten 

J.  E.  Stephenson 
Leslie  Stone 
O.  A.  Thoennes 

E.  A.  Turpin 
C.  W.  Waller 
.Toe  Watchinski 
C.  T.  Waugh 
William  C.  Westphal 
W.  W.  Williams 

F.  T.  Windle 
M.  S.  Wooster 
L.  G.  Wriglit 


WAS  POST  EMBALMER 

Noble  K.  Deputy  of  Bloomington  was  engaged  in  the  service  in  a 
capacity  somewhat  out  of  the  ordinary.  He  enlisted  early  in  the  war 
and  was  sent  to  Jefferson  Barracks  where  he  was  given  the  rank  of  ser- 
geant and  made  the  official  embalmer  of  the  post,  he  having  engaged 
in  the  embalming  business  prior  to  the  war.  His  work  ordinarily  would 
not  be  strenuous  but  since  his  term  of  service  covered  the  period  of  the 
great  influenza  epidemic  in  the  fall  and  winter  of  1918,  his  work  grew 
to  enormous  proportions  and  kept  him  and  his  assistants  on  the  jump 
night  and  day  for  many  weeks.  Sergt.  Deputy  served  in  the  capacity 
of  post  embalmer  for  a  period  of  eighteen  months. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR  297 

BLOOMINGTON  COUNTRY  CLUB 

The  Bloomington  Country  Club  was  an  active  and  very  useful  agency 
for  good  during  the  war.  Contributing  no  less  than  twenty-seven  men 
to  the  service,  the  club  also  was  a  leader  in  war  relief  work,  the  mem- 
bers individually  contributing  generously  to  every  drive  and  being  promi- 
nent in  the  various  committees,  co-operating  patriotically  with  the  Coun- 
cil of  Defense  and  also  other  bodies  working  to  win  the  great  conflict. 
During  the  epidemic  of  influenza  which  raged  during  the  war,  the  Coun- 
try Club  very  generously  tendered  the  club  house  for  a  temporary  hos- 
pital and  a  large  number  of  soldiers  and  civilians  were  given  attention 
there  until  the  epidemic  was  over.  In  many  other  ways,  the  club  dis- 
played its  patriotism  and  won  the  grateful  appreciation  of  the  com- 
munity. The  ladies  of  the  Red  Cross  were  permitted  to  use  the  club 
house  for  sewing  and  the  preparation  of  supplies  for  the  army  and  no 
distinction  was  made  between  members  of  the  club  and  non-members. 
This  was  a  concession  that  was  deeply  appreciated  by  the  members  of 
the  Bed  Cross  and  was  fully  taken  advantage  of  and  proved  a  great 
accommodation.  The  officers  of  the  club  during  the  war  were  as  follows: 

President — Fred  B.  Capen. 

Vice  President — Sain  Welty. 

Secretary — Ralph  Hasenwinkle. 

Treasurer — Harris  K.  Hoblit. 

The  following  is  the  list  of  members  who  were  in  the  service: 

Anderson,  W.  W.  Gailey,  Dr.  W.  W. 

Bachman,  D.  D.  Gardner,  Dr.  W.  H. 

Bohrer,  Joe  Gregory,  Omar  B. 

Bracken,  Dwight  Harwood,  T.  F. 

Brokaw,  John  Hawk,  H.  C.  Jr. 

Brown,  Clifford  Howell,  Dr.  H.  L. 

Burr,  Hudson  Klemm,  Julius  P. 

Carrithers,  H.  H.  Noble,  Dr.  R.  A. 

Coulter,  J.  G.  Soper,  H.  A. 

Dick,  Harry  Starkey,  John 

Espey,  J.  E.  Stautz,  Geo.  P. 

Felmley,  John  Tenney,  H.  H. 

Funk,  G.  W.  Young,  L.  H. 
Funk,  Jacob,  Jr. 


HEADED  SALONIKI  Y.  M.   C.  A. 

Rev.  E.  K.  Masterson  resigned  the  pastorate  of  the  Baptist  church 
in  Normal  to  go  into  the  army  Y.  M.  C.  A.  work  during  the  war,  was  sent 
to  France,  and  after  the  close  of  the  war  to  Greece.  He  became  head 
of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  at  Saloniki,  where  the  Allies  had  a  great  military 
headquarters.  In  the  early  spring  of  1919,  a  letter  from  George  Horton, 
consul  general  of  the  U.  S.  at  Saloniki,  to  Secretary  Lansing,  contained 
this  statement  about  the  work  of  Rev.  Masterson: 

"For  some  time  now,  in  the  absence  of  Mr.  Henderson  the  bulk 
of  the  work  in  this  city  has  fallen  upon  the  shoulders  of  Rev.  E.  K. 
Masterson,  who  is  showing  tact  and  efficiency  to  an  extraordinary  de- 
gree. Unless  he  has  some  help  before  long,  however,  he  is  likely  to 
break  down  from  overwork.  He  keeps  at  it  many  hours  of  the  day, 
with  an  enthusiasm  that  is  inexhaustible,  even  continuing  when  he  is 
suffering  from  fever.  There  is  a  great  field  for  the  H.  A.  N.,  as  the 
Y.  M.  C.  A.  is  called  in  Greece,  and  I  believe  that  it  will  be  possible 
to  obtain  the  support,  both  here  in  Greece  and  out  of  it,  for  the  erec- 
tion of  permanent  buildings  and  centers  in  the  principal  cities." 


298 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WoELD    WAR 


PANTAGRAPH  NEWSPAPER   HONOR   ROLL 


Top  row  left  to  right- — Capt.  Louis  Colehower,  Sergeant  Emmctt 
Gunn,  Lt.  Byron  Shirley. 

Second  row,  left  to  right — Lieut.  Deane  Duff;  Miss  Opha  Wren; 
Frank  Bill. 

Third  row — Lt.   Fred   Cox;    Carl   Guetschow. 

Fourth  row — Paul  Gibson,  Emmett  Griffin,  Sergt.  Owen  Dudley. 

The  Bloomington  Daily  Pantagraph  contributed  the  following  em- 
ployees to  the  service: 


Mi-LKAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


299 


Lieut.  Louis  E.  Davis,  Aviation. 

Capt.  Louis  Colehower,  Infantry. 

Lieut.  Byron  Shirley,  Cavalry. 

Lieut.  Fred  Cox,  Infantry. 

Capt.  Ivan  A.  Elliott,  Heavy  Ar- 
tillery. 

Sergt.  James  D.  Foster,  Infantry. 

I'aul  E.  Gibson,  Balloon  Corps. 

Lieut.  Deane  Duff,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Emmett  H.  Marquardt,  Med- 
ical. 


Corp.  Paul  M.  Coogan,  Aviation. 
Frank  Bill,  Artillery. 
H.  H.  Nichols. 

James  P]mmett  Griffin,  Medical. 
Howard  Kodman,  Medical. 
Sergt.   Emmett   V.    Gunn,   Quarter- 
master. 

Sergt.  G.  Owen  Dudley,  Intelligence. 
Carl  W.   Guetschow,  Medical. 
R.   Redmon. 
Miss  Opha  Wren,  Red  Cross  Service 


AMERICAN  TAXI  CAB  HONOR  ROLL 


Eugene    B.    Bedinger    and    Claud    E.    Bedinger 

Two  boys  of  whom  any  father  or  mother  would  have  reason  to  be  proud 
are  Eugene  B.  Bedinger  and  Claud  E.  Bedinger,  sons  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Daniel  H.  Bedinger,  who  are  associated  in  business  with  their  father  in 
the  AMERICAN  TAXI  &  TRANSFER  COMPANY,  in  Bloomftgton. 

Eugene  B.  Bedinger  enlisted  in  the  air  service  December  11,  1916,  and 
was  assigned  to  the  Balloon  School  at  Omaha,  Nebraska,  for  one  year,  leav- 
ing there  with  the  first  Balloon  company  organized  in  the  Army  and  re- 
ceived eight  months  more  instruction  at  Ft.  Sill,  Oklahoma.  Sailed  for 
Franco  from  Newport  News,  June  29th,  1918,  landing  at  Brest,  France. 
Served  with  the  25th  and  101st,  102nd  and  9th  Balloon  Corps,  while  in 
France.  After  the  Armistice  was  signed  was  sent  to  England  for  instruc- 
tions in  the  Dirigible  Construction  Balloon  Company  for  four  months. 
Sailed  for  New  York,  July  6th,  1918.  Assigned  to  the  15th  Aero  Squadron 
Mincola  until  September,  being  sent  to  Wilbur  Wright  Field,  Dayton,  Ohio, 
where  he  is  still  in  service,  holding  the  grade  of  sergeant  and  has  charge 
of  the  Aviation  Motor  Repair  Department. 

Claud  E.  Bedinger,  enlisted  May  25,  1919,  at  the  age  of  17  and  was 
assigned  to  the  27th  and  30th  Field  Artillery,  with  headquarters  at  Jack- 
son, South  Carolina.  Sailed  August  21st,  for  Brest,  France,  remaining  at 
Camp  until  October  16th,  when  his  command  moved  up  to  the  battle  line 
and  participated  in  the  great  batt.le  of  Argonne  from  October  16th  until 
the  Armistice  on  November  llth.  He  was  privileged  to  be  a  participant 
in  the  greatest  conflict  of  the  war  and  fortunately  escaped  without  injury 
and  remained  with  the  Army  of  Occupation  at  Coblenz,  Germany,  until 
August  19th.  He  sailed  for  home  and  was  honorably  discharged  at  Camp 
Grant,  August  30,  1919.  Resuming  active  connection  with  his  father  in 
business. 


300 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


INVINCIBLE  CAMP  HONOR  ROLL 

Organized  in  June,  1888,  Invincible  Camp  No.  1021,  Modern  Wood- 
men of  America  has  been  among  the  most  successful  of  any  of  this  well 
known  fraternal  order.  During  the  war,  the  officers,  serving  through 
1918,  were  as  follows:  Past  Consul,  E.  G.  Harvey;  Consul,  Clarence 
Wickoff;  Adviser,  Thos.  Goodger;  Clerk,  L.  Welling;  Banker,  Emil 
Zbinden;  Escort,  James  Gillen;  Watchman,  Edward  Farrell;  Sentry, 
Frank  Moews;  Trustees,  V.  Ray  Smock,  L.  R.  Irvin,  and  J.  C.  Gehle. 
The  lodge  was  active  in  war  relief  measures  and  generous  in  contribu- 
tions, subscribing  for  $700  in  Liberty  Bonds,  to  the  Red  Cross,  and  also 
contributed  the  following  members  to  the  service  of  the  army  and  navy: 


Capt.  Frank  F.  Tatman  L.  G.  Freeman 

Lt.  Ralph  Heffernan        James  Gillen 

Lt.  Edward  Wittmus 

*Jess  S.  Anderson 

Clarence  Anderson 

Felix  M.  Binnion 

C.  S.  Butler 

Carl   H.   Baumgart 

Dr.  T.  W.  Bath 

Frank  Bescher 

Victor  Collins 

Evert  M.  Calhoun 

Raymond  H.  Duehr 

Geo.  H.  Davis 

Wm.  C.  Everhart 


D.   L.   Hollingsworth 
Louis  A.  Hayes 
Shelby  A.   Hauffe 
Sylvester  Hibbins 
Fred  B.  Jones 
James  F.  Johnson 
*Frank  Jordan 
William  Keene 
Ernest  J.  Leckner 
Robert  Messerli 
H.  C.  Maloney 
Wm.   Nowatski 
George   Nowatski 
Warren  W.  Owen 


Frank  L.  Phillips 
Frank  N.  Peck 
George  Preusch 
Albert   Scharf 
James  A.  Skillman 
Roy  A.  Seaman 
William  Springborn 
Joseph  Sweeney 
Earl  H.  Vaughn 
Harry  Wickoff 
Earl  H.  Waters 
L.  R.  Wilson 
S.  C.  Wright 
Ralph  White 
A.  A.  West 


STANFORD   WOODMEN 


The  camp  at  Stanford  of  Modern  Woodmen 
the  following  members  to  the  service: 
George  E.  Garst  Wilbur  R.  Garst 

Dean  M.  Ewing  Chester    R.    Naffziger 

Otmer  V.  Folger  Leslie  H.  Hiner 

Grover  I.  Baldwin  Jesse  A.   Hawes 

Dr.  L.  B.  Gavins  Arthur  H.   Harrop 

Dr.   A.   E;"  McReynolds    Lester  E.  Wright 
Lester  B.  Stout 


of  American  contributed 

Harry  B.  Rusmisell 
Malcolm  Sanders 
E.  R.  Robertson 
Lowell  S.  B  Tton 
Frank  Wirrick 
George  E.  Hamblin 


Officers  of  the  camp  in  1918  were  the  following: 

Consuls — Geo.  E.  Garst,  J.  M.  Orendorff. 

Adviser — Thos.  Outlaw. 

Banker— C.  B.  White. 

Clerk— J.  F.  Garst. 

Escorts — W.  R.  Garst,  H.  Babbs. 

Consul  and  Escort  both  enlisted  making  it  necessary  to  elect  others. 


MADE   DEADLY   GAS 

Wayne  Townley,  former  Wesley  an  man  and  Bloomington  high  school 
instructor,  was  entered  in  the  army  in  a  special  service  detachment.  He 
was  sent  to  a  government  factory  at  Edgewater,  Maryland,  am!  was 
employed  there  during  the  closing  months  of  the  war  in  making  .•Asphyxi- 
ating gas  designed  for  the  use  of  the  American  army  in  France  against 
thn  Germans.  The  process  was  a  government  secret.  The  plant  was  an 
immense  one  and  had  fairly  got  into  full  running  order  when  the  end 
of  the  war  came. 


*Dicd  in  the  service. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 301 

BLOOMING  GROVE  CAMP  NO.  110,  MODERN  WOODMEN  OF 

AMERICA 

Officers  1918 

G-.  O.  Hankey — Venerable  Consul. 
Henry  Clarke — Worthy  Advisor. 
C.  A.  Kleinau — Banker. 
R.  S.  Davidson— Clerk. 
Geo.  D.  Shaffer — Escort. 
B.  M.   Donavan — Watchman. 
E.  J.  Prinzback — Sentry. 

Trustees 

A.  F.  Heineman,  H.  M.   Salch,   H.   E.  Albee. 
Camp  No.   110  purchased   $300.00   in   Liberty   Bonds. 

Members  in  Service 

Major  A.  E.  Rogers  Lieut.  H.  L.  Howell  Lieut.  E.  C.  Hamill 

Lieut.  Frank  Deneen  Lieut.  Ben  S.  Rhodes         Lt.  Ralph  Morath 

Armstrong  James  Hoover,  R.  R.  Meyer,  Carl  W. 

Alsene,  T.  E.  Hall,   Harry  H.  Ncvin,  W.  R. 

Bunn,  I.  E.  Henly,  Harry  W.  O  'Connor,  John  J. 

Collum,  D.  R.  Heyn,  E.  G.  Ploense,  Carl  W. 

Clack,  H.  W.  Hull,  Win.  J.  Salmon,  O.  M. 

Cahill,  James  Jameson,  W.  G.  Sandborg,  Roy  E. 

Cox,  F.  R.  Kleese,   Harry  A.  Sutherland,   E.   W. 

Crawford,   M.  W.  Kurtz,  P.  C.  (Died  in  Service) 

Dugan,  J.  J.,  Jr.  Kazar,  D.  E.  Streenz,  T.  J. 

Emmett,  E.  E.  Kalahar,  M.  O.  Townlcy,  W.  C. 

Elfreich,  R.  Lash,  Leslie   (Died  in  Townley,  F.  S. 

Gottschalk,  P.  A.  Service)  Wollrab,  L.  E. 

Gettel,  Oos.  Lucas,  O.  D.  Pierson,  R.  B. 

Gottschalk,  D.  E.  Lindahl,  C.  S.  Paul,  J.  C.,  Secretary 

Grimm,  John  A.  Lash,  Bryan  Y.  M.  C.  A. 

Murray,  Jos.  P. 

NORMAL  WOODMEN 

Camp  1059,  Modern  Woodmen  of  America,  located  in  Normal,  in- 
vested $50  in  war  savings  stamps  and  contributed  the  following  members 
to  the  service: 

H.  R.  Bustle  G.   F.   Moore  Russel  Perkins 

K.  W.  Callahan  Howard  Tobias  William   H.  Werner 

Clyde  Gray  C.  V.  Conrad  Dr.  W.  L.  Penniman 

Earl  Littleton  John  Erbe  Dr.  O.  F.  May 

Perl  Miller  Calvin  King  Dr.  F.  E.  Sayers 

Newton  Mikesell 

Officers  for  1918  were  as  follows: 
Consul — George   W.   Skinner. 
Adviser — Orion  F.  Huffington. 
Past   Con. — Edw.   S.   Palmer. 
Banker— Otto   H.   Fissel. 
Clerk— Everett  L.  Buck. 
Escort — D.  W.  Rose. 
Watchman — Sheridan  Wilkey. 
Sentry— Calvin  King. 

Physicians — F.  C.  McCormick,  O.  F.  May,  W.  L.  Penniman,  F.  E. 
Sayera. 

Trustees — Wm.  Brusch,  A.  E.  Stout,  A.  E.  Briscoe. 


302 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


BLOOMINGTON    CONSISTORY    S.  P.  R.  S. 
IN    THE    GREAT    WAR 


MORE  THAN  TWO  HUNDRED  MEMBERS  OF  BLOOMINGTON  CONSIS- 
TORY SERVED  IN  THE  WAR  IN  ONE  CAPACITY   OR  ANOTHER. 


Anderson,  James  C. 
Anderson,  Wilbur  E. 
Anglemeir,  Eussell  H. 
Annable,  Neil  E. 
Apelt,  Edgar 
Apelt,  Frank 
Bach,  Irwin  W. 
Barton,  Warren  C. 
Bates,  Walter  B. 
Blackwell,  Eugene  L. 
Bowen,  Carroll 
Bremer,    Maurice 
Brown,   E.   Harold 
Buess,  Fred  A. 
Carrithers,   Henry  H. 
Cash,   LaBue 
Catterlin,  Merle  W. 
Chandler,  Frank 
Cheney,  Eoy  E. 
Clarke,  Alfred  H. 
Clark,  Vernon  E. 
Clarno,  Harry  T. 
Crum,  Ivan   D. 
Crumbaugh,  Clifford  L. 
Denne,   Simon  F. 
Dicus,  Ora  B. 
Diggle,  Henry  E. 
Dunham,  W.  C. 
Fisher,   Frank 
Follick,  Paul  E. 
Galley,   Watson  W. 
Galford,   Gilbert  H. 
Gardner,  Wilfred  H. 
Geneva,  William  B. 
Gesell,  Lester 
Goodman,  Harry  W. 
Grote,   Henry   W. 
Gutel,   Edward  I. 
Harry,  Orris  C. 
Hartson,  Wm.   E. 
Henry,  Frank  D. 
Hoierman,    Paul   F. 
Hooker,   Henry  K. 
Howell,    Harry   L. 
Imhoff,   Eoderick  W. 
Jacobs,  Eoyal  W. 
Jarrette,  James  B. 
Jiskra,  Joseph  T. 
Johnson,   Chester  K. 
Johnson,  Harry  G. 
Johnson,   Oscar  W. 
Johnston,  Oscar  W. 
Jones,  John  E. 
Katz,  George 


Kazar,  Donald  E. 
Kimler,    Eoy   E. 
Kinsey,  Irvin  W. 
Klemm,  Julius  P. 
Kraft,   Lowell   C. 
Kuhn,  Waldo 
Kyger,   Donald    E. 
Kyser,  Harry  L. 
Lafferty,   Delmar  W. 
Lape,  Walter  F. 
Lewis,  Loren  B. 
Lewis,  William  E. 
Liggitt,   Charles   C. 
Loehr,    William   M. 
Lovell,   John  G. 
Luzader,  Bryant  A. 
Lyman,  Homer  C. 
McDonald,  Elmer 
McDonald,   Floyd 
McVay,  Glenn  H. 
Marquardt,    Harry    T. 
Marshall,   Frank   J. 
Mayer,  Eaymond  H. 
Minch,    Frank    P. 
Moffett,  William 
Moon,   Edgar  A. 
Nevins,  Loyd  L. 


,,  I    .«.««•     (        IK 

Hi  i  *  M!J»  i     III 


•?1 


Nierstheimer,  Louis  G. 
Osten,  Herbert  B. 
Owen,  James 
Paddock,  William  H. 
Pass,  Sam 
Paul,  James  C. 
Paxton,  G.  Nolle 
Peck,  Frank   N. 
Eainsberger,  George  E. 
Eamage,   Harold   T. 
Eenfro,  William  S. 
Eickards,   Corwin    E. 
Eoberts,   Eaymond  V. 
Eobertson,   Colin  J. 
Eock,  Eoy  J. 
Eockwood,    Eoscoe 
Eoss,  Albert  L. 
Eussell,  Don  S. 
Saddler,   Harry  D. 
Sanderson,  Charles  E. 
Schwindler,  William 
Scott,  Shirley  C. 
Seeger,  Carl  W. 
Shrock,  Eugene  G. 
Sieburns,  Lynn  C. 
Smallwood,  Hank  P. 
Spier,  Albert  M. 
Staten,  Verne  G. 
Steere,  Edwin  B. 
Stevenson,  Howard  H. 
Stieglemeier,  Walter  H. 
Storm,   Harvey   E. 
Stubblefield,   Ansel  G. 
Swindler,  Eollin   L. 
Tiemann,  Otto  P. 
Townley,   Wayne 
Turner,  Walter  C. 
Tlhrie,  Raymond 
Vance,  Andrew  P. 
Vaughn,  James  A. 
Wallis,  Marshall 
Washburn,  Elmer  O. 
Watkins,  Warren  C. 
Waugh,  Carl  T. 
Westphal,  William  C. 
Willerton,  Edward  P. 
Wilson,  Henry  M. 
Wilson,  J.  Guy 
Wilson,  Lunzie  E. 
Wollrab,  Louis  E. 
Yakel,  Harley  B. 
Zimmerman,   Herman  J. 
Zimmerlin,  John  P. 


HOME  OF  BLOOMINGTON  CONSISTORY 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 


303 


LODGE  43  HONOR  ROLL 

Bloomington  Lodge  No.  43,  A.  F.  and  A.  M., 
contributed  the  remarkable  number  of  102  men  to 
the  army  service,  one  of  whom,  Leslie  O.  Lash, 
made  the  Supreme  sacrifice.  In  addition,  the  lodge 
contributed  $890  to  war  charities  and  purchased 
Liberty  Bonds  to  the  extent  of  $4300.  Following 
were  the  officers  of  the  lodge  during  1918: 

Clerc   Tilbury,   Worshipful  Master. 

Frank   E.   Berg,  Senior  Warden. 

Hanson   T.   Mace,   Junior   Warden. 

Clarence  M.  White,  Treasurer. 

Nimrod  Mace,  Secretary. 

Henry  Stanbery,  Senior  Deacon. 

L.  M.  Crosthwait,  Junior  Deacon. 

Donald  E.  Kazar,  Senior  Steward. 

Clair  E.  McElheny,  Junior  Steward. 

Frank  H.  Petrie,  Chaplain. 

Hardin  J.  Brown,  Marshal. 

Frank   Noble,   Tyler. 

Frank  E.  Berg,  A.  M.  Murray,  Beard  of  Cont.ro. 

Frank  H.  Blose,  Board  of  Eelief. 


Leslie   O.   Lash 


THE  ROLL  OF  HONOE 


The  following  is  the  list  of  the  members  in  the  army  or  navy  service: 


E.  H.  Anglemeir 
C.  M.  Bowen 
Carl  E.  Behr 
P.  W.  Barling 
T.  W.  Bath 
Fred  Beckman 
John  A.  Brokaw 
Arnett   S.  Chapin 
II.  M.  Cropper 


A.  J.  Casner 
LaEue  Cash 
John  E.  Clickener 
E.  B.  Carter 
George  W.  Daves 
C.  E.  Dimmett 
Harry  K.  Dick 
\V.  J.  Freese 
(T.  King  Franklin 


George  N.  Frost 
W.  B.  Geneva 
W.  W.  Gailey 
H.  G.  Garlock 
W.   M.  Garrigus 
Wilfred  H.  Gardner 
G.  H.  Galford 
Charles  D.  Havens 
E.  J.  Hallsted 
L.   E.   Harrison 
H.  E.  Hayward 
Edward  G.  Hammond 
Harry  Lee  Howell 
Harry  H.  Hall 
Oscar  G.  Hoose 
Fred  W.  Howard 
W.  Joe  hill 
Eogers  Humphreys 
William  P.  Hensel 
Clarence  F.  Hensel 
Fitch  Harwood 
William  E.  Hartson 
H.  E.  Harriott 
W.  B.  Hindman 
L.  Boss  Johnson 
Oscar  W.  Johnson 
Harry  G.  Johnson 
Mevis  C.  Jennings 
Waldo  A.  Kuhn 
Donald  E.   Kazar 
William  O.  Kershner 
J.  P.  Longworth 


304 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


C.  W.  Luckenbill 
Loren  B.  Lewis 
William  M.  Loehr 
B.  A.  Luzader 

E.  Lyman  Blose 
Fred  A.  Lamke 
Leslie  O.  Lash 
Leonard  F.  Lang 
Herman  A.  Lawrence 

F.  C.  Munther 
Ralph  N.  McCord 
Raymond  H.  Mayer 
Edward  A.  Mott 
E.  J.  Murphey 
George  C.  Murfey 
Paul  Mockert 

L.  G.  Nierstheimer 


James  Owen 
G.  E.  Owen 
G.  Noble  Paxton 
L.  P.  Reed 
W.  S.  Renfro 
E.  B.  Rodgers 
Albert  L.  Ross 
Howard  Rhea 
D.  S.  Russell 
Ben  S.  Rhodes 
R.  V.  Roberts 
Eldon  M.  Rouse 
Harry  E.  Riddle 
Eugene  G.  Shrock 
Vern  G.  Staten 
Joseph   N.   Sletten 
Harry  D.  Saddler 


Clarence  E.  Smith 
Albert  M.  Spier 
Harvey  R.  Storm 
Paul  J.  Snyder 
H.  E.'  Stappenbeck 
Charles  H.  Snow 
Robert  M.  Strickle 
Milo   C.   Taylor 
Harold  E.  VanPetten 
Warren  C.  Watkins 
Louis  E.  Wollrab 
Carl  T.  Waugh 
George  S.  Webb 
J.   F.   Thompson 
Jesse  D.  Havens 
Ernest  A.  Jones 
C.  L.  Fleischbein 


Y.  M.  C.  A.  Work— J.  C.  Paul  and   Thomas  W.  Ward. 
Total  102. 


BLOOMINGTON  CLUB  HONOR  ROLL 

Thirty-three  members  of  the  Bloomington  club  were  in  the  service, 
one  Lieut.  Louis  E.  Davis  making  the  supreme  sacrifice  for  his  country. 
A  large  proportion  won  commissions  and  were  otherwise  prominent  in 
the  army.  The  club  through  individual  subscriptions,  was  a  leader  in 
war  relief  work  and  its  generosity  was  proverbial.  In  many  ways  the 
club  contributed  to  the  universal  movement  towards  winning  the  war. 
The  officers  of  the  club  during  the  war,  were  the  following: 

President,  John  W.  Harber. 
Vice-President,   Everett   C.   George. 
Secretary,  Geo.  F.  Dick,  Jr. 
Treasurer,  C.  J.  Northrup. 

Directors,  H.  D.  Bunnell,  E.  B.  Mitchel,  Ira  S.  Whitmer,  Geo.  C. 
Heberling,  C.  L.  Hill. 

Following  is  the  honor  roll: 
Capt.  Frank  W.  Aldrieh 
Hudson  Burr 
Edward  S.  Brown 
Clifford  Brown 
D.  D.  Bachman 
Dr.  E.  A.  Behrendt 
Roy  R.  Cheney 
Lieut.  Louis  J.  Colehower 
*Lieut.  Louis  E.  Davis 
Harry  K.  Dick 
Ralph  C.  DeMange 
Dr.  Watson  W.  Gailey 
Dr.  W.  H.  Gardner 
Dr.  G.  H.  Galford 
Tracy  E.  Green 
Omar  B.  Gregory 
Rogers  Humphreys 


C.  Blake  Holton 

Lieut.  Ralph  J.  Heffernan 

H.  C.  Hawk  Jr. 

Harry  W.  Hall 

Lieut.  Julius  P.  Klemm 

Waldo  A.  Kuhn 

I.  G.  Lain 

Capt.  Ralph  N.  McCord 

Major    (Dr.)    R.   A.  Noble 

Capt.  Horace  A.  Soper 

John  J.  Starkey 

Geo.  P.  Stautz 

Harry  H.  Tenney 

Lieut.  Walter  Williams 

Bourke  C.  Williams 

Harold  R.  Watkins 


*Died  in  the  service.     Picture  and  sketch  will  be  found  in  the  de- 
partment of  "In  Memoriam." 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


305 


CHICAGO   &   ALTON  HONOK  ROLL 


Harry  Dennis 


Chas.  Pancake 


The  members  of  the  various  railroad  brotherhoods  procured  a  ser- 
vice flag  in  honor  of  the  members  of  their  organizations  from  Bloom- 
ington  who  entered  the  military  service.  There  were  thirty  men,  ex- 
clusive of  the  switchmen.  This  is  considered  a  splendid  showing  and 
one  which  compares  favorably  with  that  of  any  of  the  departments  of 
the  road.  The  following  are  the  engineers,  firemen  and  brakemen  of 
the  Chicago  &  Alton:  J.  W.  Burt,  fireman;  A.  J.  Segreit,  fireman;  G. 
Conavay,  fireman;  Gibson  Forbes,  brakeman;  John  Wheiting,  brakeman; 
M.  L.  Sweeney,  brakeman;  J.  Chestney,  fireman;  P.  H.  Hanahan,  fire- 
man; F.  Friten,  fireman;  W.  F.  Harmes,  fireman;  E.  Burton,  brake- 
man; J.  Forbes,  brakeman;  W.  H.  McLeese,  brakeman;  M.  B.  Sweeney, 
brakeman;  E.  Mowery,  brakeman;  E.  Childs,  fireman;  H.  L.  Mitchell, 
fireman;  L.  Murray,  fireman;  F.  E.  Parker,  fireman;  W.  H.  Parker, 
fireman;  F.  C.  Griffin,  brakeman;  A.  Crebaum,  brakeman;  E.  Painter, 
fireman;  H.  Dennis,  engineer;  J.  M.  Palmer,  fireman;  W.  Emmett,  fire- 
man; B.  England,  fireman;  C.  A.  Cowan,  fireman;  C.  E.  Baxter,  engi- 
neer; H.  T.  Hiller,  fireman. 

In  addition,  the  Chicago  and  Alton  contributed  a  number  of  clerks 
who  volunteered  and  who  are  mentioned  elsewhere.  Many  shopmen  also 
enlisted  and  other  departments  contributed  their  full  quota.  P.  J.  Wat- 
son, division  engineer  won  a  captain's  commission  by  efficient  duty  in 
France. 


306 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 


B.  &  N.  RY.  &  LT.  CO.  HONOR  ROLL 


Center— Lt.  G.  L.  Knight;  left— L.  W.  McDonald;  right— K.  S.  Kirby. 

The  Bloomington  and  Normal  Street  Eailway  and  Light  Co.  has  a 
very  creditable  service  flag,  the  following  employes  entering  the  service: 

Joe  Trimble,  enlisted  December  15th,  1917,  at  Jefferson  Barracks  in 
Signal  Corps.  Sailed  from  Hoboken  June  9th,  1918,  for  France  with 
Second  Depot  Bat.  Arrived  Brest,  France,  June  19th.  After  landing  was 
transferred  to  409th  Telegraph  Bat.  S.  C.,  Second  Army.  Made  Private 
First  Class  August  1st.  Went  to  front  October  19th  on  the  Meuse  Ar- 
gonne  offensive  and  there  remained  until  after  armistice  was  signed. 
Temporarily  assigned  to  Army  of  Occupation  at  Longwy,  France.  Sailed 
for  U.  S.  April  5,  1919,  landed  Hoboken  April  13th.  'Discharged  Camp 
Grant  April  28th,  1919. 

Harvey  E.  Storm,  Electrician.  Volunteered  May  4,  1917,  not  ac- 
cepted. Sent  to  Jefferson  Barracks,  December  10,  1917,  rejected  Decem- 
ber 12,  1917.  Inducted  in  service  as  Alternate  April  3,  1918.  Assigned 
to  2nd  Co.  C.  A.  C.  I.  I.  S.  Fort  H.  G.  Wright,  N.  Y.  Transferred  from 
2nd  Co.  to  68th  Eeg.  C.A.C.  Transferred  from  68th  Eeg.  to  Fort  H.  G. 
Wright  Eadio  Station  assigned  1st  Operator  July  8,  1918.  Eeceived  ap- 
pointment to  Elec.  school  of  Enlisted  specialists  C.A.C.  School  at  Fortress 
Monroe,  Va.,  September  13,  1918.  School  closed  December,  1918.  Left 
Fortress  Monroe  January  1.  1919.  Discharged  at  Camp  Grant  January 
9,  1919. 

Chas.  F.  Snyder,  Electricians  Helper.  Enlisted  February  28,  1918, 
and  assigned  to  1st  Company  C.  A.  C.  at  Portland,  Me.  Battery  B  72nd. 
Artillery  C.  A.  C.  A.  E.  F.  Went  overseas  August  6,  1918,  landed  Eng- 
land August  25th.  On  September  1  sailed  for  France  where  he  remained 
until  March  19,  1919.  Discharged  latter  part  of  May,  1919. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAR  307 

Bryan  Maxwell,  employed  as  Efficiency  Engineer,  enlisted  in  the 
Naval  Keserve  at  Great  Lakes.  Was  transferred  to  Norfolk,  Va.,  where 
he  contracted  Spanish  Influenza  and  died. 

John  Fritzen,  employed  at  Power  Plant.  Enlisted  in  the  Naval  Ke- 
serve at  Great  Lakes  and  was  not  heard  from  after  enlistment. 

Wesley  Van  Schoick,  employed  as  Collector.  Drafted  into  service 
June  24th,  1918,  and  stationed  at  Camp  Wheeler,  Macon,  Ga.  He  was 
later  sent  overseas  but  was  not  heard  from  after  going  overseas. 

Lawrence  W.  McDonald,  enlisted  in  the  Quartermaster  Corps  August 
llth,  1918,  and  was  assigned  tc  the  5th  Company  Camp  Meigs,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.  Ordered  transferred  to  Camp  Grant,  111.,  December  28th 
and  was  discharged  January  ]7th,  1919. 

Siegfried  Moline  drafted  into  service  and  sent  to  Camp  Grant,  Rock- 
ford  and  not  heard  from  after  leaving  employ. 

Waldo  L.  Long,  clerk,  drafted  into  service  and  sent  to  Camp  Grant, 
Rockford,  but  because  of  physicial  disability  did  not  enter  service. 

John  Stevenson,  employed  as  New  Business  Solicitor,  enlisted  at  the 
very  outbreak  of  the  war  at  Jefferson  Barracks  and  was  not  heard  from 
after  enlistment. 

P.  C.  Ferrell,  drafted  in  the  Army  and  sent  to  Camp  Dodge  and  not 
heard  from  after  entering  army.  Was  employed  as  electrician  at  El 
Paso,  Illinois. 

Paul  Walter,  car  man,  drafted  and  sent  to  Camp  Dodge.  Later  sent 
to  Camp  Pike,  Arkansas.  After  brief  preliminary  training  was  sent 
overseas  and  saw  action  in  which  he  was  wounded  in  the  elbow,  which 
wound  will  leave  him  partially  disabled.  Discharged  April  29,  1919. 

O.  A.  Montgomery,  car  man,  enlisted  in  the  Medical  Department  and 
was  stationed  at  Fort  Riley,  Kansas,  Medical  Officers  Training  Camp 
Hospital  No.  18  until  the  close  of  the  war. 

Wm.  Craig,  Engineer  Power  Plant,  enlisted  in  the  Aviation  Corps 
and  was  stationed  at  San  Antonio,  Texas,  for  the  duration  of  the  war. 

K.  Schoenman,  Oiler  Power  Plant,  enlisted  at  Jefferson  Barracks  and 
was  never  heard  from  after  enlistment. 

E.  Crew,  Oiler  Power  Plant,  entered  Navy  at  Great  Lakes  Naval 
Training  Station  and  not  heard  from  after  enlistment. 

J.  K.  Tuthill,  Local  Manager  at  El  Paso,  111.,  entered  Army  service  as 
Instructor  in  the  Aviation  Signal  Corp. 

G.  L.  Knight,  employed  as  Ass't  Operating  Engineer,  entered  Mili- 
tary service  January  2,  1918,  as  Private  in  Quartermaster  Corps,  was 
sent  to  Camp  Joseph  E.  Johnston  at  Jacksonville,  Fla.  Remained  there 
until  August  17th  on  which  date  he  was  discharged  as  an  enlisted  man 
and  given  a  commission  as  2nd  Lieut.  At  this  time  he  was  assigned  to 
the  Construction  Division  and  ordered  to  Camp  Greene  at  Charlotte, 
N.  C.  Here  he  remained  as  Property  and  Supply  Officer  for  the  Utilities 
Branch  of  the  Construction  Division  until  the  date  of  his  final  release 
from  the  military  service  on  May  1st,  1919. 

Jno.  M.  Barr,  Ass't  to  Operating  Engineer,  enlisted  in  the  Medical 
Department  at  Jefferson  Barracks  May  16th,  1918,  where  he  remained 
until  January  15th,  1919,  at  which  time  he  was  transferred  to  the  Quarter- 
master Corps  at  Jefferson  Barracks.  He  gained  the  rank  of  Private  1st 
Class  and  was  released  at  Jefferson  Barracks  on  May  20th,  1919. 

H.  W.  Hoerr,  Electrician,  Morton,  Illinois,  enlisted  at  Jefferson  Bar- 
racks and  no  word  was  received  locally  after  his  enlistment. 

L.  D.  Simpson,  Car  man,  drafted  in  service  May  28,  1918,  and  entered 

.  service  at  Fort   Thomas,   Ky.,  June   2nd   and   was  transferred   to   Camp 

Gordan,   Atlanta,  Ga.,  and  on  June   10th  to  Fort   Sheridan,  Ala.,  where 

he   remained   until   November   29th,   1918.     On   June    13th    was   sent   to 

Camp  Grant,  111.,  and  discharged  on  June   15th. 

L.  S.  Kirby,  Car  Man,  drafted  in  service  April  3,  1918,  and  went 
to  Fort  H.  G.  Wright.  April  22nd  was  transferred  to  3rd  Co.,  July  19th, 
1918,  transferred  to  (iStli  Regiment  C.A.C.  August  8th  sailed  for  overseas 
and  landed  in  England  August  24th.  Left  England  August  29th  and 
landed  at  La  Havre,  France,  same  date.  Sailed  for  home  February  2nd, 


308 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


1919,  landing  February  15th.  Discharged  at  Camp  Dodge  about  March 
1st,  1919. 

L.  S.  Bowley,  Car  man,  drafted  in  service  and  went  to  Fort  H.  G. 
Wright.  Eeceived  sailing  orders  and  was  out  to  sea  when  Armistice 
was  signed  and  transport  returned  to  the  States  and  he  was  discharged. 

Stanley  H.  Paul,  Clerk,  enlisted  February  28th,  1918,  1st  Co.  C.  A.  C. 
Portland,  Me.  Battery  B  72nd  Artillery  C.  A.  C.  A.  E.  F.  Headquarters 
Kilst  Depot  Brigade,  Camp  Grant.  Went  over  seas  August  6,  1918,  landed 
England  August  25th.  Sept.  1  sailed  for  France.  Sailed  for  home  March 
19th.  Discharged  June  7th,  1919,  at  Camp  Grant.  Gained  rank  of  Eadio 
Sergeant. 

Lyman  Blose,  Mechanic  Power  Plant,  enlisted  and  went  in  army  ser- 
vice at  Columbus,  Ohio. 

M.  Pifer,  laborer,  drafted  and  went  to  New  London,  Conn.,  and  never 
heard  from  after  entering  army. 

Owen  Carroll,  Electrician  El  Paso,  111.  Drafted  in  army  and  sta- 
tioned at  Fort  Perry,  N.  Y.  Not  heard  from  locally  after  entering 
service. 


Flag  Raising  by  Street  Eailway  Employes  at  Car  Barns 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


309 


CAMPBELL  HOLTON  &  CO.  HONOR  ROLL 


Top   row    (left) — Glen   Bartley;     right) — Martin   Eussell. 
Center — Blake  Holton;   left   center — Leslie  Stone;   right  center — F. 
C.  Proctor. 

Botton,   left — Leonard   Dexter;    right — Ealph   E.   Thompson. 

Of  the  employes  of  the  firm  of  Campbell  Holton  &  Co.  Wholesale 
Grocers,  Bloomington,  who  were  in  the  army,  Leslie  Stone,  saw  much 
active  service  in  France.  Training  at  Jacksonville,  Fla.,  he  sailed  for 
Brest,  France,  April  15,  leaving  Guvres  after  a  longer  period  of  strenuous 
duty,  reaching  Chateau  du  Loir  February  14,  19L19.  He  then  spent  six 
months  with  the  Army  of  Occupation  in  Holland  and  Belgium  and  was 
discharged  at  Camp  Grant  September  8. 

F.  C.  Proctor  trained  at  Camp  Stuart,  V.,  in  the  M.  S.  Dept.,  sailed 
November  1,  1918,  for  France,  landing  at  St.  Nazaire,  remaining  abroad 
with  the  Army  of  Occupation  until  July  6,  1919,  receiving  his  discharge 
at  Mitchell  Field  July  22. 

Glenn  Bartley  trained  at  Fort  Wright  in  the  coast  artillery,  leaving 
Cam])  Mills  for  France,  September  20,  1918,  and  assisted  in  guarding 
Paris  at  Fort  De  Stains,  ten  miles  distant.  He  saw  much  of  the  French 
capital.  He  received  his  discharge  at  Camp  Grant  January  25,  1919. 

Ealph  E.  Thompson  enlisted  June  24,  1918,  trained  at  Camp  Wheeler 
with  the  123d  Infantry,  sailed  for  France  October  13,  saw  much  active 
service  until  the  following  summer  and  was  discharged  at  Camp  Grant 
Juno  20,  1919. 

Leonard  Dexter  trained  at  Camps  Dodge,  Gordon  and  Upton,  and 
reached  Le  Havre,  France,  May  16, 1918,  and  was  distinguished  in  spend- 


310 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


ing  five  months  in  the  front  line  of  service  at  the  Toul,  Marbash,  St. 
Mihiel,  Meuse  and  Argonne  sectors.  He  was  gassed  and  wounded  by 
shrapnel  in  the  latter  offensive  and  was  able  to  get  a  thorough  insight 
into  the  grim  vicissitudes  of  war.  He  remained  abroad  until  the  follow- 
ing summer  and  was  discharged  at  Camp  Grant  May  30,  1919. 

Blake  Holton  enlisted  December  15,  1917,  at  the  Chicago  Medical 
Supply  Depot  and  was  successively  on  duty  at  Camp  Stuart,  Camp  Hill, 
Debarkation  Hospital,  Hampton  Roads,  Embarkation  Hospital,  and  finally 
Camp  Grant,  seeing  constant  duty  until  his  discharge  May  5,  1918,  having 
been  promoted  to  sergeant. 

Clyde  Jetton  enlisted  June  3;  1918,  and  trained  at  Great  Lakes  naval 
station  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  being  released  February  11,  1919. 

Martin  Eussell  enlisted  September  21,  1918,  at  Columbus,  O.,  trained 
at  Camp  Hancock  and  was  discharged  February  20,  1919. 

Park  Powell  trained  at  Camp  Dodge  but  was  discharged  on  account 
of  ill  health. 

Henry  Carlson  trained  at  Camp  Grant  and  Camp  Mac  Arthur  and  was 
discharged  December  23,  1918. 

Thomas  Shanahan  saw  service  with  the  Bloomington  draft  board  and 
Andy  Mann  joined  the  S.  A.  T.  at  Camp  Dodge. 


PROF.  DOUGLAS  CLAY  RIDGLEY 

Douglas  Clay  Eidgley,  professor  of  ge- 
ography at  the  Illinois  State  Normal  Uni- 
versity, enlisted  October  10,  1918,  in  Y. 
M.  C.  A.  Educational  Department  for  ser- 
vice in  France,  reported  at  New  York 
December  20  and  sailed  January  4,  1919, 
with  75  other  workers,  reaching  Paris  Jan- 
uary 19  and  was  assigned  by  the  Army 
Educational  Commission  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
as  Director  of  Geography  in  the  A.  E.  F. 
He  aided  in  the  organization  of  army 
schools  and  visited  educational  centers  of 
the  First  and  Second  Armies  at  Beaune, 
Cote  d'Or,  headquarters  of  the  A.  E.  F. 
University;  aiding  in  the  organization  of 
the  Department  of  Geography  and  Geology 
of  that  institution,  and  the  geography 
courses  in  the  Farm  school  at  Allerey, 
twelve  miles  distant.  On  April  15  Prof. 
Ridgley  was  transferred  to  the  newly  or- 
ganized Army  Educational  Corps,  the  army  taking  over  all  educational 
activities,  and  spent  a  month  making  a  tour  with  a  party  of  educators, 
of  the  schools  of  the  Army  of  Occupation,  covering  2500  miles  by  auto- 
mobile, visiting  points  in  France,  Belgium  and  Germany.  The  next  montli 
was  spent  lecturing  among  the  Service  of  Supplies  troops  in  the  Argonne 
region  where  8,000  were  working  on  the  Argonne  cemetery.  On  June  10, 
1919,  Prof.  Ridgely  received  his  discharge  from  the  army  with  privilege 
of  twenty  days  travel  in  France  and  Belgium,  covering  3,000  miles  by 
train  and  with  the  pleasure  of  being  accompanied  by  his  fellow  instructor 
at  the  I.  S.  N.  U.,  Prof.  E.  W.  Gavins.  They  visited  the  Rhone  Valley, 
Meditterancan  Coast,  Marseilles  to  Nice,  French  Alps,  including  Mt. 
Blanc,  Central  Highlands,  Bordeaux,  battle  front  from  Chateau  Thierry 
to  the  English  Channel,  Belgium  from  Ostend  to  Brussels,  Louvain,  Liege, 
Namur,  and  battle  lines  in  regions  of  Sedan,  Verdun,  St.  Mihiel  Rhiems, 
etc.  They  then  returned  to  America,  reaching  Normal  July  26.  During 
the  seven  months  absence  of  Prof.  Ridgley  he  travelled  15,000  miles  and 
the  experience  was  included  among  the  most  enjoyable  of  his  life. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 311 

J.  F.  HUMPHREYS  &  CO.  HONOR  ROLL 

The  wholesale  grocery  firm  of  J.  F.  Humphreys  &  Co.,  Bloomington, 
contributed  a  very  large  number  of  employes  to  the  service,  the  list 
being  as  follows: 

D.  D.  Bachman,  U.  S.  A.  Ambulance  Service  Sec.  611. 

C.  M.  Bowen,  Co.  D  46th  Inf. 

Paul  Bloomquist,  U.  S.  N.  E.  F. 

Carl  Bock,  Hdq.  Co.  345th  Inf. 

Wm.  W.  Barrett,  Co.  D  12th  M.  G.  Bn. 

John  Fenton,  Camp  Wheeler,  Ga. 

Guy  Gray,  16th  Aero  Squadron. 

H.  E.  Henson,  Co.  M  37th  Inf. 

Carl  Hallstedt,  Co.  H  28th  Inf. 

Eogers  Humphreys,  5th  Squadron   Marine   Corps  Flyers. 

Wm.  H.  lungerich,  M.  T.  C.  No.  423. 

Walter  Johnson,  16th  Ordnance  Depot  Co. 

Lloyd  Ledderbogge,  Navy. 

Eugene  McCarthy,  Navy   (Died  in  Service). 

Julian  Mohr,  Navy. 

Geo.  Nies,  Jefferson  Barracks. 

Ivan  Martin,  Navy. 

Joe  Matt,  Navy. 

Chas.  Neeld,  Navy. 

A.  B.  Perry,  5th  Kegt.  Marines. 

Alfred  Peterson,  309  Supply  Co. 

Eugene  Phillips,  Army  Aviation  Service. 

Eoy  Seammen,  Co.  I  128th  Inf. 

Ealph  Stewart,  Navy. 

Archie  Sayers,  Hdq.  Co.  326th  Inf. 

Howard  Stevenson,  45th  C.  A.  C. 

Earl  Van  Ordstrand,  Army  Aviation  Service. 

P.  B.  Vandeveer,  68th  C.  A.  C. 

Frank  Watchinski,  Co.  I  326th  Inf. 

Orion  Wright,  Bty.  F.  68th  C.  A.  C. 

Straude  Wiseman,  Navy. 

L.  L.  Waterfield,  Co.  A  328  Bn.,  Tank  Corps. 


Upper  row  (left  to  'right) — John  F.  Schneider,  William  Swearingen,  Leslie  R.  Suter, 
Earl  Stickler,  Michael  Stokes,  Charles  Smith,  Fred  E.  Shoup,  Vernest  E.  Stock- 
dale,  Leslie  Stone,  Jack  K.  Simonson. 

Second  row — Fred  C.  Schroeder,  Joseph  G.  Stevens,  Warren  A.  Stubblefield,  Ellis 
D.  Stubblefield,  Guy  M.  Stubblefleld,  William  F.  Shorthose,  Park  F.  Shorthose, 
Chas.  L.  Stephens. 

Third  row — John  A.  Schmidt,  Yalle  Staffen,  Keith  Stark,  Elmer  Straub,  Emmett  E. 
Stiger,  Joseph  Sweeney. 

Fourth  row — George  B.  Sweeney,  John  W.  Stewart,  Russell  I.  Simkins,  David  Shadid, 
Harlan  W.  Sachs. 


312 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


C.  U.  WILLIAMS  &  SON  HONOR  ROLL 

Of  the  attaches  of  the  motor  vehicle  firm 
of  C.  U.  Williams  &  Son,  207-209  East 
Washington  street,  Bloomington,  who  were 
in  the  service,  Walter  W.  Williams,  junior 
member  of  the  firm,  made  a  notable  rec- 
ord in  the  aviation  department,  Enlisting 
December  1,  1917  as  Master  Signal  Elec- 
trician with  the  38th  Aero  Squadron,  lo- 
cated at  Chanute  Field,  Bantoul,  he  soon 
won  a  commission  as  an  engineer  officer. 
Major  G.  W.  Krapf,  who  made  the  recom- 
mendations, paid  him  a  notable  tribute. 
After  alluding  to  the  rapid  advancement 
and  frequent  promotions  of  Mr.  Williams, 
Major  Krapf  stated:  "He  is  the  most  val- 
uable man  on  the  field.  He  has  remark- 
able ability  in -the  handling  of  men  and 
to  a  large  extent,  is  responsible  for  the 
success  of  the  field.  His  qualifications  can 
be  used  to  better  advantage  and  his  knowl- 
edge and  executive  ability  would  be  more 

effective  and  of  more  actual  value  to  the  service  as  a  commissioned 
officer  than  in  his  present  status.  His  services  are  needed  here  and  he 
knows  local  conditions.  His  business  experience  has  made  him  more 
mature  and  he  commands  more  respect  than  his  age  would  indicate." 
Lieutenant  Williams  spent  some  time  at  a  New  Jersey  camp  after  his 
promotion  and  then  received  his  discharge,  following  the  end  of  the  war, 
then  returning  to  Bloomington.  The  following  is  the  roster  of  other 
attaches  of  this  firm  who  were  in  the  service: 


J.  B.  Havens 
George  Johnson 
Jack  Daniels 
Wm.  Eexroat 
Wm.  Watchinski 
Wm.  Sweeney 
Sam  Eeed 
Eobt.  McGregor 
Francis  Harry 


Wm.  E.  Smalley 
John  Clark 
Faye  Baldwin 
Park  Shorthose 
Harlan  Dorland 
G.  J.  Gates 
J.  G.  Winstrom 
Martin  Walsh 
A.  S.  Coomer 


Howard  Wiley   (Died  October  9,  1918). 

Earl  T.  Smith    (Died  October  15,  1918).     A  biography  and  picture 
of  both  will  be  found  in  the  department  reserved  for  "In  Memoriam. " 


Harry  Umphress   (center),  W.  L.  Urban    (left),   Raymond 
E.   Uhrie    (right). 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


JOHN  A.  BECK  HONOR  ROLL 


313 


John  A.  Beck,  Bloomington,  was  on&  of  the  most  active  war  relief 
workers  and  was  numbered  among  the  most  generous  contributors.  He 
was  especially  prominent  in  the  Young  Mens  Christian  Association  and 
also  a  faithful  and  energetic  committeeman  upon  many  of  the  various 
activities  and  assisted  in  every  way  possible.  Mr.  Beck  was  deserving 
of  the  fullest  measure  of  credit  for  his  part  among  the  workers  at  home 
in  helping  to  win  the  war. 

Of  the  attaches  of  the  John  A.  Beck  Company,  116  S.  Main  street, 
Bloomington,  Louis  E.  Wollrab  enlisted  May  31,  1918,  was  assigned  to 
Camp  Sheridan  Montgomery,  Ala.,  was  promoted  to  corporal  and  re- 
mained there  until  he  received  his  discharge  April  1,  1919. 

Thomas  C.  Jenkinson  enlisted  June  19,  1918,  trained  at  Camp  Taylor, 
Louisville,  Ky.,  was  sent  to  France,  seeing  much  active  service  and  re- 
turned home  six  months  after  the  war  was  over  and  was  discharged 
September  1,  1919. 

Edwin  I.  Lundborg  was  inducted  into  the  army  at  Camp  Grant  in 
the  summer  of  1917,  went  overseas,  serving  with  credit  and  returned 
home  in  the  spring  of  1919,  receiving  his  discharge  with  the  rank  of 
sergeant  June  1,  1919. 


Top  Row  (left  to  right) — Henry  W.  Capen,  C.  D.  Glen  Cook,  Ivan  D.  Campbell, 
Richard  A.  Chapman,  Roy  Cruikshank,  Paul  Crumbaker,  and  Jesse  F.  Carnell. 

Second  Row — Marcus  W.  Coyle,  Dwight  Cooksley,  Robert  H.  Crum,  Lyman  A.  Canady, 
Roy  E.  Chrisman,  Eric  Clason,  A.  R.  Cla'son. 


314 


M  eLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


F.  H.  COLE  MOTOR  CO.  HONOR  ROLL 

Of  the  attaches  of  the  Frank  H.  Cole 
Motor  Car  Co.  with  plants  at  301-3  East 
Front  street  and  200-202  South  Main, 
Bloomington,  George  J.  Gollmar,  manager, 
selected  the  aviation  section  of  the  signal 
corps  when  the  call  came  for  enlistments. 
He  reported  at  the  Eantoul,  111.  (Chanute) 
field  on  June  27,  1918,  and  was  given 
strenuous  duty  in  the  inspection  of  motors 
for  air  crafts,  his  familiarity  with  gasoline 
engines  giving  him  the  necessary  qualifi- 
cations for  this  responsible  duty.  He  con- 
tinued in  this  capacity  until  October  1, 
1918,  when  he  was  transferred  to  the  Avi- 
ation Officers  Training  Camp  at  Fort 
Omaha,  Nebraska.  He  made  such  an  ex- 
cellent showing  in  his  knowledge  of  air 
craft  and  its  mechanism  that  he  was  rec- 
ommended for  a  commission  and  would 
have  received  this  honor  but  for  the  sud- 
den ending  of  the  war  and  the  closing  of 

the  camp.  He  received  his  discharge  on  November  27,  Thanksgiving  Day, 
1918,  and  immediately  resumed  his  post  with  the  F.  H.  Cole  Company, 
having  greatly  enjoyed  his  life  in  camp  and  his  tour  of  duty. 

Other  attaches  of  the  F.  H.  Cole  Co.  who  were  in  the  service  in- 
cluded C.  F.  Snerly,  salesman,  who  won  a  commission  as  lieutenant  at 
Camp  Logan,  enlisting  in  the  infantry  but  being  transferred  to  the  air 
service  in  France,  seeing  much  active  service  in  the  Argonne,  and  Somme 
offensives,  and  being  discharged  June  19,  1919. 

Harry  Hall  was  assigned  to  the  tank  corps  and  saw  much  strenuous 
duty  in  France. 

William  Hart  was  in  the  Motor  Transport  Corps  and  also  saw  much 
duty  in  France. 

James  Allen  was  in  the  aviation  department  at  Chanute  field.  Dean 
Montgomery  trained  at  Camp  Taylor  in  the  motor  corps.  Emmett  Koos 
in  the  motor  transport  corps  at  Camp  Grant.  James  M.  Kinsella  in  the 
nitro  detachment  at  Sheffield,  Alabama,  while  Monroe  Eodman  also  saw 
much  service  in  the  Motor  Transport  Corps. 


OUR  BOYS  WHO  WERE  IN  SERVICE 


HAWKS,  INCORPORATED 
Bloomington,  Illinois 


LESLIE  O.  LASH 
Died   in  Service 


H.   C.  Hawk,  Jr. 
Harold  Protzman 
Eay  Wallace 
Grover  Norris 


Oscar  Anderson 
Everett  Calhoun 
Willard  Hoover 
Herbert  Ploense 


UcLEAN    COr\TY    -/.\/>    Till-:    WORLD    WAR 


315 


PORTABLE   ELEVATOR  GROUP 


PORTABLE  ELEVATOR  CO.  HONOR  ROLL 

The  Portable  Elevator  Com- 
pany located  at  920-930  East 
Grove  street,  Bloomington  was 
most  creditably  represented  in 
the  service.  George  Meece  en- 
listed August  21,  1917  in  Co. 
484,  Aerial  squadron,  spent 
twelve  months  in  France,  and 
received  two  citations,  one 
while  with  the  first  army  and 
the  other  with  the  second  army. 

William  F.  Arnold  was  in- 
ducted into  the  army  May  9, 
1918,  trained  at  Camp  Mac- 
Arthur,  was  made  sergeant  in 

the  quartermasters  corps,  train-    Ccnter_Georse  Meece 
ing   later    at    Camp    Grant,   and    Left—Winiam   L.   Arnold. 
was   discharged    Jan.   3,    1919.         Right — William   H.  Werner. 

Walter  H.  Mau  enlisted  Jan.  Bel°w  (left  to  right)— Osc&r  Jones,  Walter 
19,  1918,  and  was  sent  to  New- 
port News,  training  there  and  other  coast  points.  While  enroute  for 
New  York  to  go  overseas  the  armistice  was  signed  and  he  was  disap- 
pointed. He  was  discharged  from  Co.  K  of  the  48th  Infantry,  January 
22,  1919. 

Ocean  Wilson  Jones  enlisted  and  left  April  3,  1918,  for  Fort  Wright, 
training  in  the  coast  artillery,  sailing  for  France  August  8,  via  Liver- 
pool. After  active  duty  until  the  armistice,  he  sailed  for  home  was 
discharged  March  (5,  1919. 

William  H.  Werner  enlisted  and  trained  for  the  navy  at  Great  Lakes, 
commencing  May  13,  1918.  He  sailed  on  the  Leviathan  June  13  for 
France  where  he  prosecuted  his  naval  aviation  training.  He  also  saw 
active  duty  in  England  and  was  a  member  of  a  sailor  minstrel  company 
organized  there.  He  was  discharged  April  25,  1919. 

Harry  L.  Wickoff  enlisted  in  the  navy  May  13,  1918,  trained  at 
Great  Lakes  and  Norfolk,  was  assigned  to  the  battleship  Massachu- 
setts, and  later  the  armored  cruiser  Minneapolis  and  was  in  convoy  duty, 
later  making  six  trips  on  the  K.  I.  Luckinbach.  a  transport.  He  was 
discharged  September  26,  1919.  His  photograph  is  published  in  one  of 
the  naval  groups  of  this  work. 

P.  L.  Eobert  enlisted  May  8,  1917,  as  fireman  in  the  navy  and  had 
the  privilege  of  witnessing  the  surrender  of  the  German  High  Seas  fleet 
November  21,  1918,  fifty  miles  off  the  coast  of  Scotland.  These  included 
ten  superdreadnoughts,  fifty  destroyers  and  fifty  submarines.  He  was 
discharged  July  15,  1919. 

William  Dambold  was  inducted  into  the  army  June  27,  1918,  and 
was  trained  at  Camp  Wheeler.  While  ready  for  overseas  duty,  the 
armistice  was  signed  and  Tie  was  discharged  January  6,  1919. 

John  F.  Clask  enlisted  November  9,  1917,  and  served  ten  months  in 
France  with  Co.  E,  38th  infantry.  He  received  a  citation  for  bravery, 
serving  in  the  battles  of  the  Ainse  Marne,  Chateau  Thierry,  Champagne 
M:irne,  St.  Mihiel,  Vesle  Sec.  Meuse  Argonne.  He  was  discharged 
August  30,  1919. 

Elmer  Doner  was  inducted  into  the  army  September  19,  1917,  trained 
at  Camp  Dodge  and  was  discharged  October  19  on  account  of  weak  eyes. 

Otto  Sablotzke  served  as  cook  following  his  induction  into  the  army 
and  was  discharged  with  credit. 


316 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 


UNION  GAS  &  ELECTRIC  CO.  HONOR  ROLL 

Of  the  attaches  of  the  Union  Gas  &  Electric  Co.  of  Bloomington  who 
were  in  the  service,  one  Edward  Wittmis,  was  commissioned  Lieutenant. 
He  was  inducted  into  the  army  September  19,  1917  and  trained  at  Camp 
Dodge,  Iowa.  He  was  in  France  in  active  service  from  August  7,  1918, 


UNION    GAS    &    ELECTRIC    CO.    HONOR    ROLL 

(Top) — Chester  Dodge. 

(Center) — Paul  H.   Lehman,   Edward  Wittmis. 

(Below) — Peter  Brown. 


until  August  16,  1919,  and  was  rapidly  promoted,  due  to  meritorious 
service,  winning  the  non-commissioned  chevrons  and,  finally,  a  lieuten- 
antcy.  He  was  discharged  August  18,  1919. 

Paul  Henry  Lehman  selected  the  navy  for  his  service,  enlisting 
August  9,  1918,  and  was  assigned  to  the  Great  Lakes  station  for  training. 
He  was  released  from  active  service  February  6,  1919. 

Harry  Kleese  was  inducted  into  the  army  April  3,  1918,  and  assigned 
to  the  coast  artillery,  being  trained  at  Fort  Wright,  N.  Y.  He  was  over- 
seas from  October  5,  1918,  to  March  14,  1919,  and  received  his  discharge 
March  28,  1919. 

Chester  A.  Dodge  was  inducted  into  the  army  May  1,  1918,  training 
at  Camp  Fremont,  Cal.,  with  Co.  H  of  the  13th  Infantry.  He  was  dis- 
charged October  12,  1918. 

Peter  James  Brown  enlisted  April  30,  1918,  in  the  naval  aviation 
department  trained  at  Camp  Logan  and  was  discharged  February  23,  1919. 

Leonard  Crego  was  inducted  into  the  service  June  26,  1918,  assigned 
to  the  radio  section  of  the  117th  Field  Artillery  at  Camp  Jackson,  S.  C., 
and  was  discharged  January  17,  1919. 

Thomas  Welling  was  inducted  into  the  army  June  26,  1918,  assigned 
to  the  infantry  at  Camp  Wheeler,  and  was  discharged  May  28,  1919. 

Emil  Butzirus  was  inducted  into  the  army  June  26,  1918,  assigned 
to  the  infantry  trained  at  Camp  Wheeler  and  was  discharged  May  28, 
1919. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


317 


DODGE-DICKINSON   CO.    HONOR   ROLL 


Upper — Frank  W.  Ploense,  Gerhart  H.  Ploense,  Albert  Friede- 
wald  (left  to  right).  Lower — Walter  R.  Ploense,  William  Har- 
rington. Below — Charles  Mott. 

Of  the  employes  of  the  Dodge-Dickinson  Co.,  mattress  and  couch 
manufacturers  of  Bloomington,  who  entered  the  service,  several  were 
fortunate  in  reaching  France.  Frank  W.  Ploense  enlisted  June  24,  1918, 
and  trained  at  Camp  Wheeler.  He  sailed  for  France  September  19,  1918, 
and  saw  much  active  service  before  peace  was  declared.  He  remained 
with  the  Army  of  Occupation  and  then  received  his  discharge  at  Camp 
Grant  May  10,  1919. 

Walter  R.  Ploense  enlisted  May  2,  1917,  trained  at  Fort  Randolph 
and  then  went  to  the  canal  zone,  Panama  with  the  8th  Company,  C.  A.  C. 
He  received  his  discharge  at  Camp  Dix,  October  2,  1919. 

Charles  Mott  trained  at  Fort  Washington  with  the  52d  artillery  and 
was  discharged  at  Camp  Grant  January  25,  1919. 

Gerhart  H.  Ploense  enlisted  September  6,  1918,  trained  with  the 
engineering  corps  at  Camp  Forrest,  Ga.,  and  received  his  discharge  at 
Camp  Custer,  December  27,  1918. 

Albert  Friedewald  enlisted  September  5,  1918,  trained  at  Camp  Grant 
and  was  discharged  there  October  28,  1919.  His  service  was  with  the 
Infantry. 

William  Harrington  enlisted  June  24,  1918,  served  in  the  Motor 
Transport  Corps,  went  overseas  and  served  ten  months  in  active  duty 
abroad.  He  returned  home  via  Charleston,  South  Carolina  and  received 
his  discharge  at  Camp  Grant  July  16,  1919. 


318 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOKLD    WAR 


C.  W.  KLEMM  HONOR  ROLL 


Upper  row   (left  to  right) — Joseph  E.  Burkey,  Roy  W.  Karr. 
Center — Julius  Klemm. 

Left  of  Center — Jesse  J.  Jones;  right  of  center — Porter  W.  Karr, 
Lower,  left  to  right — Jesse  E.  Small,  Carl  Kumming,  Jacob  W.  Weber. 

Of  the  employes  of  the  C.  W.  Klemm  wholesale  and  retail  dry  goods 
stores,  Bloomington,  who  were  in  the  services,  one  Julius  Klemm,  junior 
member  of  the  firm  won  a  commission  of  Lieutenant.  He  enlisted  June 
1,  1917,  and  trained  at  Camp  Logan,  Houston,  Texas,  and  Camp  Han- 
cock, Augusta,  Ga.  He  received  his  discharge  November  28.  1918. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


319 


Sergeant  Chas.  N.  Karr  trained  at  Fort  Leavenworth  and  Fort 
Oglethorpe,  and  Fort  Bliss,  being  discharged  April  9,  1919. 

Sergeant  Carl  H.  Kumming  trained  at  Kelly  Field,  Texas,  and 
Buffalo,  N.  Y.  He  was  discharged  March  29,  1919. 

Jacob  W.  Weber,  Surgical  assistant  trained  at  Camps  Wheeler  and 
Mills  and  went  to  France  November  9,  1918,  seeing  service  at  Brest, 
La  Val,  Le  Mans  and  St.  Nazaire.  He  was  discharged  July  12,  1919. 

Sergeant  Jesse  L.  Jones  trained  at  Camps  Johnston  and  Wheeler  and 
was  discharged  March  10,  1919. 

Sergeant  Joseph  E.  Burkey  trained  at  Camp  Wheeler  and  was  dis- 
charged January  22,  1919. 

William  E.  Heikes  served  at  Great  Lakes  and  went  to  France  in 
the  U.  S.  S.  Mobile.  He  was  made  baker  and  discharged  Sept.  16,  1919. 

Jesse  Small  trained  at  Camp  Meigs  and  Bahway,  N.  J.,  and  was  dis- 
charged May  27,  1919. 

Lawrence  Koos  trained  at  Fort  Monroe  and  Camps  Merritt  and 
Stewart,  went  overseas  April  5,  1918,  was  in  the  battle  of  St.  Mihiel  and 
in  the  Meuse- Argonne  offensive.  He  was  discharged  February  26,  1920. 

Louis  Seiffert  trained  at  Lincoln,  Neb.,  and  Camp  Grant  and  was 
•made  C.  I.  O.  T.  S.,  being  discharged  November  23,  1918. 

Porter  W.  Karr  trained  at  Fort  Bliss  and  Camp  Vail,  went  across 
December  24,  1917,  was  in  the  battles  of  Toulon,  Aisne,  Chateau  Thierry, 
Aisne  Marne,  St.  Mihiel,  Champagne  and  Meuse  Argonne.  Discharged 
August  11,  1919. 

Roy  Karr  trained  at  Kelly  Field  and  went  across  January  3,  1918, 
was  in  the  Lys  defensive,  St.  Mihiel  offensive  and  Meuse  Argonne  battle. 
Discharged  June  16,  1919. 


MANUFACTURED   ICE   CO.   HONOR   ROLL 


Chester  McLaren,  of  the  many 
employes  of  the  Bloomington 
Manufactured  Ice  and  Cold 
Storage  Co.,  who  were  in  the 
service,  had  the  distinction  of 
winning  a  commission.  Train- 
ing at  Houston,  Texas,  and  also 
seeing  service  in  Mexico,  he  was 
successively  promoted  to  corpo- 
ral, sergeant  and  lieutenant  of 
the  123d  Machine  Gun  Battalion. 
He  saw  much  active  service  in 
France  and  later  was  with  the 
Army  of  Occupation,  his  record 
being  of  the  very  best.  He  re- 
ceived his  discharge  August  1, 
1919,  and  then  located  at  Akron, 
Ohio.  Other  employes  of  the 
Bloomington  company  in  the 
service  were  the  following:  Joe 
Wilcox,  James  Lucas,  Howard 
Rodman,*  Albert  Scharf,  Tom 
Williams,  Glenn  Pringey,  Brink- 
ley  Latham,  Gyles  Wright,  A. 
Grampp,  E.  Livingston,  Harry 
Graehl,t  George  Selby,  C.  C. 
Ashby,  Richard  Cook  and  Roy 
Snedaker. 


Above — Lt.    Chester   McLaren. 
Center — James   Lucas. 
Below — Thomas    Williams. 


*Died    of  disease   in   Camp. 
t Killed    in   Action. 


320 


McLEAN  COUNTY  AND  THE  WORLD  WAE 


CHARLES  UTESCH  HONOE  ROLL 


Upper  left — Walter  Greishaber;   upper  right — Roy  A.  Herring. 
Lower  left — Earl  Million;  lower  right — Edward  Pitsch. 

Charles  Uteseh,  Bloomington,  who  operates  grocery,  meat  market 
and  bakery  at  428-430  North  Main  street,  Bloomington  and  also  branch 
plants  was  included  among  the  active  and  generous  participants  in  all 
war  relief  work  who  so  distinguished  Bloomington.  Perhaps  his  most 
notable  service,  however,  was  in  the  founding  of  the  co-operative  de- 
livery system,  designed  to  release  a  large  number  of  drivers  for  the  war 
and  which  proved  to  be  a  great  success.  He  organized  a  mutual  com- 
pany which  provided  for  the  delivery  of  products  for  a  large  number 
of  Bloomington  stores  and  thus  enabling  the  release  of  a  large  number 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 321 

of  men  to  the  army  and  navy.  This  system  proved  so  successful  that  it 
was  continued  following  the  war.  Mr.  Utesch  was  also  active  in  the 
food  conservation  department  of  the  council  of  defense  and  in  other 
ways  demonstrated  his  patriotism  and  open  heartedness.  A  large  num- 
ber of  his  employes  entered  the  army  and  navy,  the  honor  roll  including 
the  following: 

Leroy  A.  Herring,  manager,  enlisted  in  the  coast  artillery  March  19, 
1918,  and  spent  five  months  in  detached  service  at  Fort  Standish,  Boston 
Harbor.  On  August  22,  he  sailed  for  France  and  spent  six  months  with 
the  68th  Eeg.  Bat  A.  Coast  Artillery,  seeing  much  active  service.  He 
was  discharged  at  Camp  Grant  in  March,  1919. 

Walter  J.  Grieshaber  enlisted  March  19,  1918,  was  promoted  to  cor- 
poral in  the  coast  artillery,  and  was  stationed  at  Fort  Standish,  Fort 
Warren  and  Camp  Devens,  and  finally  received  his  discharge  at  Camp 
< •  rant  January  14,  1919.  Earl  Million  and  Edward  Pitsch,  also  of  this 
firm,  also  served  with  similar  distinction. 


Top    row    (left    to    riftht) — Holland   H.    Carlock,    John    O.    Carey,    John   M.   Crichton, 

Eugene    Cofer,    Clifford    L.    Crumbaugh. 
Second  row — Francis  H.  Conroy,   David  J.  Conroy,  Dana  O.  Clark,   Samuel  Crabtree, 

John  A.   Cleary,    James  V.    Cox. 
Third   row — Ora    A.    Cunningham,    Fred   G.    Gary,    Ralph    Grose,    Harvey   B.    Crusius, 

William    D.   Coyle,    T.    Ivan    Costigan,    J.    K.    Coppenberger,    William   J.    Cahal. 
Fourth  row — Mascal  H.  Gary,  Howard  S.  Chrisman,  Oval  M.  Cope,  Arnett  S.  Chapin. 

Charles  E.   Cordes. 


322 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


FUNK  BEOS.  HONOR  ROLL 


Top  row,  left  to  right — Lafayette  Funk,   Jr.,   Eugene  D.  Funk. 
Center   row — Jacob   Funk,    Donald    S.    Funk. 
Lower  row — Uurt  A.   Rehtmeyer,  O.tto   Tieman. 


The  following  attaches  of  Funk  Bros.  Seed  Co.,  Bloomington,  were 
in  the  service: 

Donald  S.  Funk,  son  of  Deane  N.  Funk,  enlisted  March  26,  1917,  in 
the  U.  S.  Naval  Eeserve  and  was  honorably  discharged  on  account  of 
physicial  disability  in  June  of  that  year.  He  was  later  inducted  in  the 
army  on  March  11,  1918,  and  trained  at  Fort  Moultrie,  S.  C.  He  was 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


323 


also  at  Camp  Eustis,  Va.,  with  the  61st  Eegiment,  C.  A.  C.,  going  overseas 
in  July.  He  attended  the  artillery  school  between  August  and  November, 
was  promoted  to  corporal  in  March,  1919,  and  received  his  discharge 
at  Camp  Grant  May  13,  1919. 

Jacob  P.  Funk  also  a  son  of  Deane  M.  Funk  enlisted  in  the  U.  S. 
Naval  Reserve  March  26,  1917,  served  on  the  U.  S.  S.  Seneca  during  the 
.summer  of  that  year,  was  promoted  to  instructor  at  Pelham  Bay  Train- 
ing Station,  remaining  there  until  his  release  in  December,  1918,  following 
the  close  of  the  war,  having  attained  the  rank  of  Second  Class  Quarter- 
master. 

Lafayette  Funk  jr.,  son  of  Eugene  D.  Funk,  enlisted  as  apprentice 
seaman  in  the  U.  S.  Naval  Reserve  October  2,  1918,  and  was  stationed 
at  Urbana,  111.,  where  he  trained  until  released  from  active  duty  Decem- 
ber 21,  1918.  His  brother,  Eugene  D.  Funk,  jr.,  enlisted  in  the  S.  A.  T.  C. 
at  Urbana,  111.,  October  2,  1918,  training  at  the  University  of  Illinois 
until  his  discharge  December  2,  that  year. 

Curt  A.  Rehtmeyer,  son-in-law  of  Eugene  D.  Funk,  enlisted  in  the 
4th  Battery  C.  A.  C.  April  1,  1918,  ,and  trained  at  Fort  Washington, 
Md.,  remaining  there  until  the  end  of  the  war,  receiving  his  discharge 
December  20,  1918. 

A  member  of  the  Lafayette  Company  of  the  Indiana  National  Guard, 
Battery  B,  Otto  Tieman  went  to  Brownsville,  Texas,  in  June,  1916,  re- 
maining on  duty  there  until  February,  1917.  When  the  war  opened  with 
Germany,  he  entered  the  First  Officers  Training  Camp  at  Fort  Sheridan, 
but  was  turned  down  on  account  of  his  eyes  failing  to  reach  the  vision 
standard.  He  then  joined  Company  M  as  one  of  the  Tenth  regiment, 
I.  N.  G.  as  First  Lieutenant  and  in  June,  1918,  joined  the  draft  contin- 
gent of  500  that  went  from  Bloomington  to  Camp  Wheeler.  He  then 
entered  the  Artillery  Officers  Training  Camp  at  Camp  Taylor  and  won 
a  commission  in  November,  just  as  the  war  ended.  He  received  his 
discharge  as  Second  Lieutenant  on  December  12,  1918. 


L.  B.   MERWIN  CO.  HONOR  ROLL 

Wade  Houston  Fielder,  residing  at  1213 
South  Madison  Street,  Bloomington,  was 
employed  by  the  L.  B.  Merwin  Co.,  Bloom- 
ington, when  the  call  for  naval  recruits 
was  issued  and  selected  the  United  States 
Naval  Air  Service,  enlisting  August  9, 
1918.  He  was  first  on  duty  at  the  Hart- 
ford Receiving  Ship  stationed  at  the  port 
of  Charleston,  South  Carolina.  He  next 
took  the  final  examinations  to  enter 
ground  school,  was  transferred  to  the 
Mount  Pleasant  Navy  Rifle  Range  where 
the  ground  school  is  located.  Attending 
this  school  for  three  months,  he  was  about 
to  be  transferred  to  Camp  Bennett,  Pensa- 
cola,  Florida,  when  the  war  ended.  He 
was  discharged  December  10,  1918,  from 
the  Third  Regiment,  Company  10,  Section 
1,  and  placed  on  the  reserve  list,  .then 
returning  home  to  resume  his  post  with 
n  Co.,  having  greatly  en- 
ence  as  a  naval  flyer. 


Wade   Houston    Fielder 


324 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


PAUL   F.   BEICH   CO.   HONOR  ROLL 


Center,  top  to  bottom — Clarence  Hensel,  Lt.  Carl  Behr,  H.  W. 
Bereman.  Left  upper,  Harry  E.  Gordon;  left  lower,  John  W. 
Lane.  Eight  upper,  Walter  Behr,  right  lower,  Clarence  J.  Troxel. 

There  are  seventeen  stars  in  the  service  flag  of  the  Paul  F.  Beich 
Co.,  Manufacturers  of  Confections,  Bloomington,  while  ten  additional 
employes  are  now  with  the  company  who  engaged  elsewhere  when  war 
was  declared.  Of  the  seven  who  were  with  the  company  when  hostilities 
opened,  one  Carl  E.  Behr  won  a  commission  as  second  lieutenant,  train- 
ing in  the  Motor  Transport  Corps  at  Camp  Joseph  E.  Johnston,  Florida. 
With  the  end  of  the  war  Mr.  Behr  resumed  his  post  as  sales  manager. 

John  W.  Lane  was  promoted  to  sergeant  in  the  Engineers,  joining 
Headquarters  Detachment  4th  Engineers  Tr.  Egt.  at  Camp  A  Hum- 
phreys, Va. 

Walter  G.  Behr  was  promoted  to  corporal  of  infantry,  training  at 
Camp  Sheridan,  Ala.,  and  at  the  Army  Supply  Base,  New  Orleans. 

Herbert  W.  Bereman  was  promoted  to  corporal  erf  Artillery  and 
trained  at  Fort  Totten,  New  York. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


325 


Clarence  H.  Troxel  was  assigned  to  Co.  A  4th  Bat.  Infantry  and 
trained  at  Camp  MacArthur,  Texas. 

Clarence  F.  Hensel  joined  the  809th  Infantry  at  Camp  Grant,  train- 
ing there  until  the  war  was  over. 

Harry  E.  Gordon  joined  Headquarters  Co.  4th  Infantry,  3d  Div.  and 
was  fortunate  in  being  assigned  to  duty  overseas,  serving  with  the  Army 
of  Occupation  some  time  after  peace  was  declared. 


MARTENS-LEARY  CO.  HONOR  ROLL 


Left — Charles  E.  Leary;    center — Richard  M.  Leary;    right — 
John  M.   Leary. 

Of  the  Martens-Lcary  Co.,  dealers  in  tractors,  vehicles  and  imple- 
ments, 31(3-320  South  Main  street,  John  M.  Leary,  stenographer,  enlisted 
November  2,  1917,  at  Chanute  Field  and  was  assigned  to  the  39th  Aero 
Squadron  and  was  later  assigned  to  Kelly  Field  at  Waco,  Texas,  remain- 
ing in  the  adjutant's  office  there  as  stenographer  until  discharged  March 
4,  1919.  He  was  promoted  to  corporal  for  meritorious  service. 

Richard  M.  Leary  enlisted  December  1,  1917,  at  Chanute  Field  and 
was  assigned  to  the  210  Aero  Squadron,  training  there  until  February  1, 
1918,  when  he  sailed  for  England,  training  at  Doncaster  Flying  Field, 
being  assigned  as  instructor,  a  high  compliment  to  his  ability  and  grasp 
of  the  principles  of  aviation.  With  the  end  of  the  war,  his  squadron 
was  disbanded  and  he  returned  to  the  United  States  having  been  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  sergeant  of  first  class,  being  discharged  at  Camp 
Grant  December  24,  1918. 

Charles  E.  Leary  was  inducted  into  the  medical  reserve,  having  en- 
listed December  18,  1917,  being  assigned  to  the  S.  A.  T.  C.  He  re-enlisted 
January  14,  1918,  for  the  Medical  Reserve  Corps  and  was  discharged 
with  the  end  of  the  war. 

Robert  Messerli,  mechanic,  enlisted  April  5,  1918,  and  was  assigned 
to  duty  at  Fort  Wright  as  machinist,  joining  the  249  Supply  Co.  of 
the  Coast  Artillery.  He  was  transferred  to  Camp  Eustis,  Va.,  June 
1(3,  1918,  and  then  went  overseas,  remaining  in  France  from  September 
24,  seeing  much  service  in  the  vicinity  of  Tours  and  then  returned  home 
when  peace  was  declared. 

Andrew  Lock,  machinist,  enlisted  April  5,  1918,  joined  the  249th  Sup- 
ply Co.  at  Fort  Wright,  New  York,  of  the  Coast  Artillery,  and  later  went 
to  Camp  Eustis.  He  remained  in  the  service  following  the  coming  of 
peace. 


326 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAX 


GUY  CARLTON  HONOR  ROLL 


Upper  left — Harry  Maloney;    upper  right — Lawrence  Carnahan. 
Lower  left — Lee   Jones;     lower   right — Bert   Eoss. 

Lee  L.  Jones  of  the  firm  of  Guy  Carlton,  electrical  contractor,  528 
North  Main  street,  Bloomington,  enlisted  on  June  20,  1918,  and  was 
assigned  to  Sweeney  Motor  and  Tractor  School  at  Kansas  City,  where 
he  trained  in  the  motor  transport  department  until  the  close  of  the  war. 
He  received  his  discharge  December  10,  1918,  and  then  returned  home. 

Lawrence  P.  Carnahan  enlisted  April  3,  1918,  in  the  field  artillery 
and  was  sent  to  Fort  Sill,  Oklahoma,  where  he  put  in  a  solid  year  of 
intensive  training.  He  was  not  discharged  until  April  2,  1919,  at  Camp 
Grant,  then  returning  home. 

H.  E.  Maloney  of  the  same  firm  was  inducted  into  the  army  April 
30,  1918,  and  was  assigned  to  Fort  Sheridan  where  he  trained  until  the 
close  of  the  war.  He  was  then  sent  to  Camp  Grant  and  was  discharged 
February  27,  1919. 

Bert  Ross  of  the  same  firm  also  saw  much  active  service. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOKLD    WAR  327 


Willis  Harry  Francis 

THREE  McMUREY  BROTHERS 

The  above  picture  is  of  the  three  sons  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  James  M. 
McMurry  of  Bloomington  who  were  in  the  service.  Sergt.  James  Willis 
McMurry  (upper  left)  enlisted  in  medical  reserve  U.  S.  A.,  in  December, 
1917.  Eecovering  from  sickness  with  scarlet  fever  at  Jefferson  Bar- 
racks, sailed  from  Camp  Mcrritt,  February,  1918.  In  France  until  June, 
1919;  was  13  months  at  base  hospital  near  St.  Nazaire;  then  to  Tours. 
Harry  L.  (below)  enlisted  U.  S.  navy  August,  1918;  had  flu  at  Great 
Lakes;  served  as  fireman  on  Transports  Ohio,  Northern  Pacific  and  Fred- 
erick; two  trips  on  battleship  Ohio;  on  one  trip  on  Frederick  was  in 
French  port  only  1%  hours;  home  June,  1919.  Francis  C.  (upper  right) 
enlisted  in  navy  June,  1918;  Great  Lakes,  then  battleship  Kentucky; 
then  to  coal  docks  at  Bayonne,  N.  J.  Two  trips  to  France  on  transport 
Philippine.  Is  held  as  reserve  since  relieved  October,  1919.  Quit  service 
with  rank  first  class  fireman. 


328  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


T.  S.  BUNN  Inc.  HONOR  ROLL 


M.  S.  Wooster 


W.  A.  Stubblofield 


Of  the  attaches  of  the  T.  S.  Bunn  Inc.  motor  cars,  Washington  and 
Lee  streets,  Bloomington  who  saw  service,  Warren  A.  Stubblefield,  829 
W.  Elm  street,,  left  April  6,  1918,  joining  Bat.  C  68th  Art.  at  Fort  Wright, 
training  at  Fort  Terry  until  July  8,  when  he  sailed  for  overseas,  arriv- 
ing July  24,  remaining  in  active  service  until  peace  was  declared.  On 
February  2,  1919,  he  sailed  for  home  and  received  his  discharge  at  Camp 
Grant  one  month  later,  resuming  his  post  of  foreman  with  the  T.  S. 
Bunn  Inc. 

M.  S.  Wooster,  who  is  a  salesman  with  this  company,  was  inducted  into 
service  June  25,  1918,  was  advanced  to  First  Sergeant  of  the  35th  Head- 
quarters Motor  Command,  drilling  at  Camp  Meigs  and  Camp  Merritt, 
and  ordered  to  France.  He  sailed  from  the  port  of  New  York  November 
6,  1918,  and  was  on  the  high  seas  when  word  was  received  that  the 
armistice  had  been  signed,  sharing  with  other  soldiers,  the  universal  dis- 
appointment. Sergeant  Wooster  spent  three  months  at  Camp  Meigs, 
Camp  Holabud  and  with  assignment  to  S.  P.  U.  462  in  charge  of  the 
truck  field,  remaining  until  his  discharge  at  Camp  Grant  February  28, 
1919,  then  resuming  his  position  with  the  T.  S.  Bunn  Inc. 


lop  Row  (left  to  right) — James  E.  Allin,  Abner  Adams,  Albert  H.  Arnold, 
McKinley  G.  Adams,  Clyde  L.  Allison,  Ernest  L.  Asbury,  James  Austin. 

Second  Row — Voyle  L.  Ashabran,  George  F.  Atkinson,  Wilbert  E.  Anderson, 
Herman  Abbott,  Forest  L.  Adams. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 32i, 

ILLINOIS  CLUB  HONOR  ROLL 

The  Illinois  club  of  Bloomington  with  luxurious  quarters  in  the  Odd 
Fellows  building  temple,  contributed  forty-nine  members  to  the  army  of 
whom  one,  Edmund  W.  Sutherland,  made  the  supreme  sacrifice.  ,  The 
club  purchased  $3500  worth  of  Liberty  bonds,  conserved  food  by  aban- 
doning banquets  during  the  war,  remitted  the  dues  of  members  in  the 
service  and  in  many  other  ways  demonstrated  its  patriotism.  The  offi- 
cers of  the  club  during  the  war,  were  the  following:  President,  J.  W. 
(Jrapes;  Vice-President,  C.  W.  Nichols;  Secretary,  C.  E..  Denton;  Treas- 
urer, E.  M.  Darst;  Directors,  J.  J.  Cowden,  C.  L.  Schneider,  E.  J.  Gilmore, 
Chas.  D.  Myers  and  Dr.  J.  D.  Siebert. 

The  club  honor  roll  is  as  follows: 

R.  H.  Anglemier  Francis  D.  Misner 

Carl  E.  Behr  S.  H.  Moore 

E.  L.  Behrmann  Ralph  C.  Morath 

Dr.  F.  W.  Brian  Louis  Nierstheimer 
L.  R.  Bristow                                  .  L.  J.  O'Brien 

Dan  S.  Buck  Richard  M.  O'Connell 

Dr.  T.  D.  Cantrall  N.  S.  Ong 

Dr.  Frank  Deneen  H.  E.  Protzman 

E.  A.  Donnelly  Roy  A.  Ramseycr 

Frank  J.  Felton  .  Howard  J.  Read 

Fred  Feldt  Ben  S.  Rhodes 

Dr.  A.  R.  Freeman  Bert  L.  Ross 

Walter  J.  Freese  J.  Mervin  Ryan 

Dr.  Paul  Greenleaf  V.  G.  Staten 

Chas.  D.  Havens  *Edrmmd  W.  Sutherland 

Ed.  Hammond  James  F.  Thompson 

L.  Kirk  Healey  J.  Ray  Wallace 

Oscar  G.  Hoose  Raymond  F.  Ward 

Gordon  Howard  Thos.  S.  Weldon 

Dr.  L.  L.  Irwin  Louis  E.  Wollrab 

Chas.  P.  Kane  C.  E.  Yager 

W.  A.  Kuhn  Ed.  Lundborg 

Wm.  Loehr  Dr.  L.  G.  Freeman 

David  Lutz  Dr.  G.  H.  Galford 
A.  Maurer 


When  Mrs.  G.  A.  Lawrence  of  Galesburg  was  State  Regent  of  the 
Daughters  of  the  American  Revolution  (1910-1913)  she  began  the  pro- 
motion of  her  long  cherished  idea  of  Illinois  having  a  State  Flag.  In 
order  to  awaken  interest  in  her  idea  she  offered  a  prize  of  twenty-five 
dollars  to  the  Chapter  sending  the  design  for  a  flag  which  should  be 
considered  best  by  four  judges.  Thirty-nine  designs  were  submitted. 
The  judges  awarded  the  prize  to  Rockford  Chapter. 

However,  it  was  necessary  to  interest  the  Legislature,  whose  vote 
was  essential,  and  whose  province  it  was  to  pass  final  judgment  on  the 
design  after  law  was  enacted.  Through  the  assistance  of  Hon.  Lewis 
G.  Stevenson,  Secretary  of  State,  and  Senator  Raymond  D.  Meeker  and 
Hon.  Thomas  N.  Gorham  of  the  House  of  Representatives,  Mrs.  Lawrence 
secured  the  presentation  of  the  Bill.  The  Bill  was  passed  and  became 
a  law  .July  6,  1915,  without  an  unfavorable  vote  in  Senate  or  House. 

Illinois  has  the  Daughters  of  the  American  Revolution  to  thank  for 
its  State  Flag,  and  should  give  credit  to  Mrs.  Lawrence,  who  originated 
the  idea, .promoted  and  ultimately  realized  it  for  the  public  good. 

*A  picture  and  obituary  of  Edmund  Sutherland  will  be  found  else- 
where in  this  work  under  the  head  of  "In  Memoriam. " 


330 McLEAN  COUNTY  AND  THE  WORLD  WAR 

ELKS  HONOR  ROLL 

Bloomington  lodge  No.  281,  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks, 
was  in  the  very  lead  of  those  organizations  which  distinguished  the 
Evergreen  City  during  the  war,  in  patriotism  and  activity  in  the  various 
relief  movements.  The  Order  of  Elks  is  purely  an  American  organiza- 
tion. Every  one  of  their  hundreds  of  thousands  of  members  is  a  real 
American  citizen,  owing  allegiance  to  no  other  country  on  the  face  of  the 
earth,  owing  allegiance  to  no  other  flag  than  the  Stars  and  Stripes,  the 
flag  of  our  country  and  the  emblem  of  our  Order.  Therefore,  every  Elk 
and  every  Elks  Lodge  should,  and  must,  stand  for  everything  that  makes 
for  continued  success  for  America,  and  boldly  and  unreservedly,  against 
any  creed,  any  doctrine,  any  propaganda,  any  plan  or  scheme — by  whoever 
advanced — that  would  hurt  America.  If  there  is  one  thing  above  all 
others  that  has  placed  the  Order  in  the  high  position  in  the  public  eye 
that  it  is  in  today,  it  is  the  war  work  that  was  done  by  the  Order  and 
the  interest  manifested  by  the  Order  in  lending  a  helping  hand  to  the 
Government  and  the  Nation  during  the  greatest  conflict  of  arms  in  the 
history  of  the  world.  Elks  are  justly  proud  of  the  part  that  those  at 
home  played  in  winning  the  war,  and  they  should  take  great  pride  in 
the  fact  that  they  had  64,428  men  in  the  service  of  our  country,  13,084 
of  whom  were  commissioned  officers,  one  of  whom  was  the  Commander 
in  Chief  of  the  American  Expeditionary  Forces  in  France,  General  John 
J.  Pershing,  a  member  of  Lincoln,  Neb.,  Lodge,  No.  80,  and  an  honorary 
member  of  El  Paso,  Texas,  Lodge,  No.  187.  As  nearly  as  can  be  ascer- 
tained there  were  1037  members  who  made  the  supreme  sacrifice  and  are 
now  sleeping  their  last  sleep  on  the  battlefields  of  France.  "It  is  inter- 
esting to  note  that  of  our  members  in  the  service,  one  is  a  general — 
John  J.  Pershing;  two  are  Major-Generals;  six  are  Brigadier-Generals; 
eighty  are  Colonels;  eighty-five  are  Lieutenant-Colonels;  four  hundred 
are  Majors;  sixteen  hundred  are  Captains;  forty-seven  hundred  are  Lieu- 
tenants; two  thousand  are  Sergeants;  and  five  hundred  are  Corporals. 
In  the  Navy:  One  is  a  Eear  Admiral;  twelve  are  Captains;  four  are  Com- 
manders; twenty  are  Lieutenant  Commanders;  one  hundred  are  Lieuten- 
ants; and  one  hundred  and  fifty  are  Ensigns.  The  splendid  remainder 
are  the  boys  in  the  ranks,  the  real  power  that  won  the  war."  The  sign- 
ing of  the  armistice  had  left  the  National  Elks  War  Relief  Commission 
with  a  considerable  unexpended  residue  of  the  money  which  was  appro- 
priated by  the  Grand  Lodge  for  war  relief  work  under  its  direction,  and 
which  was  not  definitely  committed.  After  a  most  thorough  investigation 
of  the  numerous  propositions  submitted  to  it,  it  was  unanimously  decided 
by  the  Commission,  that  no  better  use  could  be  made  of  this  fund  than 
to  devote  it  to  assisting  the  government  in  its  vocational  training  pro- 
gram. The  offer  of  the  Commission  was  promptly  accepted,  and  as  a 
result,  the  Benevolent  and  Protective  Order  of  Elks  stands  as  the  sole 
and  exclusively  private  agency  in  partnership  with  the  United  States 
government  in  this  great  work. 

Bloomington  lodge  contributed  the  following  members  to  the  service: 
C.  A.  McDermand  Earl  W.  Daniels  Dr.  Paul  E.  Greenleaf 

W.  W.  Williams  Roy  E.  Clark  I.   R.  Pattison 

Julius  P.   Klemm  M.   R.   Gregory  Albert  Lundberg 

L.  R.  Bristow  M.  L.  Callahan  Jno.  F.  Quinn 

H.  D.  Saddler  Joseph  Smith  Sanford  H.  Moore 

J.  Monroe  Rodman  ^has.  A.  Whalen  Austin  I.  Howard 

Lloyd  M.  Nelson  R.  J.   Heffernan  W.  W.  Wyckoff 

Clayton  W.  Porter  E.  E.  Caddell  A.  W.  Froelich 

Omar  Gregory  Chas.  Brooks  R.   J.   Lindley 

Lloyd  A.  Daniels  W.  B.  Causey  Dr.    Frank    Deneen 

Donald  F.   O'Neal  M.  J.  Salmon  Dr.  E.  A.  Behrendt 

J.  J.  Million  Alfred  M.  Wright  M.  D.  Meiss 

Fred  H.  Adams 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


331 


SNOW  &  PALMER  CO.  HONOR  ROLL 


Center — Charles  Snow;  left — Con  Everhart;  right — Ermin  B.  Carter. 
Below,   left — O.   A.  Roberts;    below,   right — Albert  Scharf. 

Of  the  Snow  &  Palmer  Co.  dairy  products,  507-9  West  Washington 
street,  Bloomington,  Charles  Snow  attained  the  rank  of  Chief  Quarter- 
master in  Aviation.  He  enlisted  July  30,  1918,  and  was  assigned  to  the 
Dunwoody  Naval  Training  School,  Aviation  Detachment  at  Minneapolis, 
Minn.  He  put  in  three  months  of  duty  and  finally  received  inactive  duty 
orders  on  November  20,  1919,  then  resuming  his  position  at  home. 

Con  Everhart  of  the  same  firm,  enlisted  in  the  Navy  June  1,  1918, 
trained  at  Great  Lakes,  then  moved  to  Paulliac,  France,  and  after  much 
active  service,  received  inactive  retirement  orders  March  1,  1919,  with 
the  rank  of  third  class  mechanic. 

Albert  Scharf  enlisted  June  24,  1918,  trained  at  Camp  Wheeler, 
Camp  Grant,  and  Camp  Green,  going  overseas,  and  received  his  discharge 
May  20,  1919. 

Ermin  B.  Carter  enlisted  July  27,  1918,  assigned  to  Camp  Meigs, 
later  at  Camp  Lee  and  Camp  Grant,  being  discharged  February  18,  1919, 
with  the  rating  of  corporal  and  having  served  in  the  Quartermaster's 
clerical  department. 

O.  A.  Roberts  enlisted  in  the  5th  Regiment  I.  N.  G.  at  Spriflgfield, 
April  9,  1917,  trained  at  Camp  Logan,  sailed  for  Europe  May  2(5,  1918, 
reaching  Liverpool,  Le  Havre,  Vulifans,  St.  Mihiel,  Argonne,  Luxem- 
burg and  Brest,  seeing  much  active  service  and  was  mustered  out  as 
wagoner  of  the  108th  Ammunition  train  June  5,  1919. 

Weaver  Dulaney  was  on  duty  in  the  C.  A.  C.  department;  William 
Hoffman  in  the  navy;  Audrey  Humble,  saw  service  abroad  and  is  given 
extensive  mention  elsewhere  in  this  work  while  V.  E.  Simros  served  in 
the  Navy 


332 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOBLD    WAR 


FOUR  DOWNEY  BROTHERS 

The  four  Downey  brothers  of  Bloomington,  all  entered  the  service. 
Dan  enlisted  June  25,  1918,  was  assigned  to  the  medical  corps  at  Camp 
Wheelock,  sailed  for  France  September  5,  1918,  going  to  various  points, 


Downey  Group — Left  to  right:  Dan  Downey,  Eugene  Downey,  Ed- 
ward Downey,  and  William  Downey. 

including  Camp  Hospital  101  at  Belgian  Camp  near  Le  Mans  and  Camp 
Hospital  52  and  with  the  coming  of  peace  returned  home  to  be  dis- 
charged June  15,  1919. 

Eugene  Downey  enlisted  December  15,  1917,  trained  at  Camp  Han- 
cock, sailed  for  France  with  Co.  B,  28th  Engineers  January  10,  1918, 
participated  in  the  St.  Mihiel,  Argonne  Forest,  Aprumont  and  the  Toul 
Sector  battles,  seeing  much  strenuous  service  and  after  spending  some 
time  in  France  after  the  war,  was  discharged  July  3,  1919. 

Edward  Downey  enlisted  March  15,  1918,  at  Great  Lakes  and  was 
transferred  to  the  medical  department  at  Pelham  Bay,  N.  Y.,  being  dis- 
charged March  10,  1919. 

William  Downey  entered  the  aviation  corps  March  15,  1918,  and  was 
stationed  at  Kelly  Field,  Texas,  until  his  discharge  February  15,  1919. 


OF  FIGHTING  FAMILY 

Earl  Jefferson,  son  of  Benjamin  F.  Jeffer- 
son of  1409  Eastholme  avenue,  in  Bloom- 
ington, was  of  the  fifth  generation  of  a 
fighting  family.  He  was  in  France  for  a 
year  with  the  A.  E.  F.  His  great-great- 
great  grandfather,  William  Jefferson,  fought 
thruout  the  revolutionary  war.  His  great- 
great-grandfather,  Thomas  Jefferson,  was 
a  veteran  of  the  war  of  1812.  His  great- 
grandfather, his  grandfather  and  his  great- 
uncle  fought  for  the  union  in  the  civil  war. 
The  grandfather,  William  H.  Jefferson,  for 
twenty-six  years  was  a  resident  of  Bloom- 
ington, but  for  the  past  fourteen  years  has 
made  his  home  at  Lilly.  Earl  maintained 
the  fighting  reputation  of  the  family  in  the  latest  war — the  greatest  in 
all  history.  The  grandfather  was  born  at  Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  June  27, 
1847,  and  came  to  Illinois  in  1879. 


Earl  Jefferson 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


333 


T.  K.  HAYS  HONOR  ROLL 


Top — Lt.   Eugene   Moulic. 
Below — Carl  Miller. 


Center — Delmar   Frink. 


Of  the  attaches  of  the  firm  of  T.  K.  Hays,  automobile  firm  of  T.  K. 
Hays,  701  North  Main  street,  one,  Eugene  Moulic  won  a  commission  as 
lieutenant  in  aviation.  Enlisting  at  Perdue,  Ind.,  university  April  10, 

1917,  he  was  transferred  to  Kelly  Field,  Texas;    then  to  Mineola,  Long 
Island;     afterwards   at   Park   Field,   Tenn.,   where   he  received   his  com- 
mission April  27,  1918,  and  Payne  Field,  Dallas,  Texas,  and  then  after 
completing  his  training  in  flying  at  Camp  Duck  was  commissioned  April 
27,  1918,  and  sailed  for  France.     He  reached  St.  Nazaire,  September  23, 

1918,  and  spent  six  weeks  training  at  Issudon  and  with  the  103d  Aero 
Squadron,  seeing  much  active  service  and  getting  an  excellent  idea  of 
the   grim  vicissitudes  of  the  great  war.     He  remained  in  France  with 
the  Army  of  Occupation   until  three  months  after  the  war  closed   and 
received   his  discharge   at   Camp   Dix,  Pa.,  February   23,   1919,  then  re- 
turning to  his  post  with  T.  K.  Hays  again. 

Delmar  Frink  of  the  same  firm  enlisted  at  Escanaba,  Mich.,  at  the 
outbreak  of  the  war  and  trained  at  the  University  of  Michigan,  Ann 


334 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 


Arbor.  He  entered  Motor  Transport  department  and  made  himself  so 
useful  that  he  was  retained  on  duty  instead  of  being  sent  across  as  he 
had  hoped.  He  specialized  in  electrical  equipment  and  made  a  fine 
record. 

Carl  Miller  enlisted  July  15,  1917,  in  the  medical  department,  was  on 
duty  at  Fort  Riley,  Camp  Funston,  Camp  Pike,  and  Camp  Dix  and  then 
went  overseas,  seeing  active  service  at  Cherbourg,  Pons,  Paris,  and 
Beaudesert,  with  the  Hospital  Headquarters  company.  He  went  to 
Coblenz  with  the  Army  of  Occupation,  87th  Division  and  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  Engineers  Motor  Transport  and  was  casualized  for  various 
other  duty.  He  received  his  discharge  at  Camp  Grant  June  23,  1919. 


KEISER-VAN  LEER  CO.  HONOR  ROLL 


Left — r.     C.  Munther;    right — Harold  T.  Eamage. 

The  following  attaches  of  the  Keiser-Van  Leer  Machinery  Co.,  503 
N.  East  street,  Bloomington,  were  in  the  service: 

Frank  C.  Munther  joined  Co.  4  of  the  337th  M.  G.  Bat.  at  Camp 
Dodge  September  5,  1917,  promoted  to  corporal  and  later  sergeant,  sailed 
for  France  August  8,  was  in  skirmish  at  Fontain,  France,  September  25 
and  in  Battle  of  Banholz  Woods  and  held  advance  machine  gun  post  in 
German  Alsace  and  in  Toule  Sector;  leaving  France  May  21,  1919,  and 
was  discharged  at  Camp  Grant. 

Arthur  P.  Freedlund  inducted  into  the  service  at  Camp  Wheeler 
June  24,  1918,  Co.  H  122d  Infantry,  31st  Div.,  arrived  in  France  October 
21,  remaining  until  April  19,  1919,  and  discharged  at  Camp  Grant  May 
9,  1919. 

John  J.  Frisch  enlisted  December  14,  1917,  in  the  aviation  branch 
at  Chanute  Field,  promoted  to  corporal,  transferred  to  Mitchell  Field, 
N.  Y.,  spent  six  and  one-half  months  in  France,  seeing  much  service  and 
was  discharged  at  Camp  Grant  May  23,  1919.  Picture  will  be  found  in 
Group  "F." 

Harold  T.  Eamage  enlisted  June  4,  1918,  as  musician  in  navy,  trans- 
ferred from  Great  Lakes  to  Plymouth,  England,  but  was  taken  ill  with 
influenza  remaining  in  League  Island  Naval  Hospital  at  Philadelphia 
until  his  medical  discharge  December  28,  1918. 

Bomney  Black  enlisted  April  2,  1918,  trained  at  Fort  H.  G.  Wright 
and  Fortress  Monroe,  was  rated  as  wagoner  and  received  discharge  at 
Camp  Grant  January  24,  1919. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 


335 


HEBERLING  MEDICINE  CO.    HONOR  ROLL 


Upper  row,  left  to  right — Bernard  Strongman,  Wayne  Colaw  and 
Norman  Griser. 

Lower — Bay  K.  Smith,  William  M.  Bright   and  Russell  G.  Hanson. 

The  Heberling  Medicine  &  Extract  Co.,  223  East  Douglas  street, 
Bloomington,  contributed  a  large  number  of  employes  to  the  service.  Of 
these,  Wayne  Colaw  enlisted  in  the  Navy  July  20,  1918,  as  third  class 
fireman  and  after  training  at  Great  Lakes  and  Hampton  Roads,  was 
transferred  to  the  Battleship  Illinois  and  saw  much  active  service,  be- 
ing in  eastern  waters  most  of  the  time,  training  firemen  and  officers. 
His  ship  had  the  distinction  of  being  the  first  cruiser  going  through  the 
Panama  Canal.  He  received  his  discharge  October  5,  1919. 

Russell  G.  Hanson  enlisted  September  7,  1918,  in  Company  A,  5th 
Training  regt.  at  Camp  Grant,  remaining  there  until  November  1,  when 
he  was  sent  to  Freeport  as  clerk  with  the  exemption  board,  returning 
to  camp  February  1  where  he  was  classified  for  clerical  work.  He  was 
the  only  soldier  sent  from  the  Eureka  Board  for  that  work  during  the 
war.  He  received  his  discharge  February  7,  1919. 

Bernard  Strongman  enlisted  December  15,  1917,  as  a  musician  with 
the  60th  Artillery,  trained  at  Fortress  Monroe  and  then  saw  active  ser- 
vice at  Souil,  the  Toule  sector,  St.  Mihiel  drive,  the  Argonne  Forest,  and 
other  engagements,  being  in  the  most  thrilling  battles  of  the  war.  His 
colonel  (J.  W.  Wallace)  was  killed  in  action.  He  was  discharged  Feb- 
ruary 28,  1919. 

William  M.  Bright  enlisted  December  15,  1917,  was  assigned  to  the 
medical  corps  and  served  with  credit  at  Jefferson  Barracks  until  dis- 
charged January  11,  1919. 

Ray  K.  Smith  trained  at  Camp  Hancock  and  Norman  Griser  enlisted 
in  the  ft,  A.  T.  C.  and  trained  with  the  Wesleyan  company  in  Bloomington. 


336 


W.  H.  EOLAND  HONOR  ROLL 


Upper  left — E.  S.  Layton.     Upper  right — Lt.  Chester  Twaddle. 
Lower  left — Russell  Young.     Lower  right — Albert  Heberbeckler. 

Attaches  of  the  W.  H.  Roland  stores,  111  to  117  West  Jefferson 
street,  Bloomington,  who  were  in  the  service  included  Raymond  Wakely, 
advertising  manager  who  enlisted  at  the  University  of  Michigan  and 
who  was  assigned  to  the  Aviation  course  of  the  S.  A.  T.  C.  training  there 
until  peace  was  declared.  Other  attaches  in  the  service  were  as  follows: 

Albert  Heberbeckler  of  1206  West  Locust  street,  enlisted  October 
3,  1917,  and  was  first  assigned  to  Co.  K  of  the  344th  Infantry,  86th 
Division,  later  going  to  Co.  M  of  the  59th  Infantry,  Fourth  Division. 
He  was  on  duty  at  Evacuation  Hospital  No.  30  and  then  sailed  for  France 
where  he  spent  ten  months,  seeing  much  strenuous  service.  With  the  com- 
ing of,  peace,  he  returned  to  America  and  was  discharged  August  12,  1919. 

Corporal  E.  S.  Layton  enlisted  September  23,  1917,  and  was  assigned 
first  to  Camp  Taylor  and  later  to  Camp  Shelby.  He-received  a  physical 
debility  discharge  on  December  30,  1917. 

Chester  Twaddle  selected  the  aviation  department  and  was  sent  to 
Chanute  Field,  Rantoul,  111.  There  he. won  a  commission  as  lieutenant. 
He  qualified  in  the  various  departments  of  flying  but  before  he  could 
satisfy  his  ambition  of  going  abroad,  the  Armistice  was  signed  and  he 
received  his  discharge.  He  was  commissioned  at  Rantoul  but  also  trained 
and  received  instruction  in  aviation  and  advanced  flying  at  CorneH 
University;  Dallas,  Texas,  and  West  Point,  Miss.  He  received  his  dis- 
charge from  the  service  December  15,  1919. 

Russell  Young  enlisted  in  the  S.  A.  T.  C.  at  the  University  of  Illi- 
nois and  trained  for  several  months  in  the  reserve  corps,  being  discharged 
when  peace  wras  declared. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 337 

A.  WASHBURN  &  SONS  HONOE  ROLL 


Center — Harvey  Woizeski;  upper  left — Robert  H.  Moore;  upper  right 
— R.  E.  Chambers;  lower  left — August  Schroeder;  lower  right — Harry  G. 
Johnson. 

Of  the  employes  of  A.  Washburn  &  Sons,  florists,  who  were  in  the 
service,  August  C.  Schroeder  was  fortunte  in  reaching  France.  Enlisting 
July  10,  1918,  he  trained  for  a  time  at  Jefferson  Barracks  and  then 
went  to  Liverpool  with  the  field  artillery,  landing  overseas  September  27, 
1918.  He  then  transferred  to  Camp  De  Songe,  at  Bourdeaux,  France, 
and  after  peace  was  declared,  remained  with  the  Army  of  Occupation, 
receiving  his  discharge  at  Camp  Grant  May  27,  1919. 

Musician  Harry  G.  Johnson  enlisted  June  25  with  the  106th  Engi- 
neers and  trained  at  Camp  Wheeler,  going  overseas  September  16,  1918, 
first  landing  at  Glasgow,  Scotland,  and  later  going  to  Camp  Pontanezen, 
Brest.  France.  He  remained  witli  the  Army  of  Occupation  and  was  dis- 
charged at  Camp  Grant  July  14,  1919. 


338 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


Harvey  W.  Woizeski  sailed  for  overseas  October  14,  1918,  remained 
with  the  Army  of  Occupation  until  the  following  summer  and  was  dis- 
charged at  Port  Sheridan  November  12,  1919. 

Eobert  H.  Moore  enlisted  June  25,  1918,  trained  with  the  106th  Sani- 
tary Train  123d  Ambulance  Corps,  at  Camp  Wheeler;  went  to  Camp 
Mills  in  September;  to  Camp  Merritt  in  November;  to  Camp  Lee  in 
December  and  was  finally  discharged  at  Camp  Grant  January  4,  1919. 

Eoy  E.  Chambers  enlisted  April  1,  1918,  trained  at  Camp  Dodge, 
went  overseas  and  reached  France  May  19  as  a  member  of  the  Regi- 
mental Intelligence  Section,  saw  much  active  service  in  the  Vosges  moun- 
tain sector,  and  in  the  St.  Mihiel,  Argonne  Forest  offensives,  camping 
at  Commercy  and  Le  Mans  long  after  peace  was  declared  and  then  re- 
turned home  to  receive  his  discharge  at  Camp  Grant  May  7,  1919. 


THREE  MARQUARDTS  IN  FRANCE 

Here  are  three  persons 
from  the  same  family,  all 
of  them  having  gone  into 
the  service  during  the  war, 
and  all  of  them  having 
reached  France  and  spent 
some  months  in  active 
work  there  in  their  respec- 
tive spheres.  They  are  all 
children  of  Fred  Marquardt 
of  1615  West  Locust  street 
in  Bloomington.  The  young 
woman  at  the  left  is  Miss 
Alice  Marquardt,  who 
served  as  a  Bed  Cross 
nurse.  She  enrolled  for  ac- 
tive service  and  was  sworn 
in  for  duty  in  the  medical 
department  of  the  army  in 
June,  1918.  She  first  was 
?ent  to  San  Antonio,  thence 
across,  and  was  stationed 
it  Bordeaux,  France,  in 

base  hospital  No.  6.  She  performed  the  active  work  of  a  hospital  nurse 
in  caring  for  the  wounded  as  they  came  in  by  thousands  during  the 
months  of  the  late  summer  and  fall  of  1918  when  the  last  great  struggle 
was  on.  She  remained  for  some  months  after  the  war  and  was  finally 
sent  home  and  discharged  in  July,  1919.  The  man  in  the  center  of  the 
group  is  Corp.  Emmett  H.  Marquardt,  who  enlisted  in  the  veterinarian 
corps  of  the  army  while  he  was  yet  a  student  at  the  Bloomington  high 
school,  in  April,  1918.  He  was  in  a  camp  in  the  west  at  the  time  of 
the  commencement,  and  came  home  in  uniform  and  received  his  high 
school  diploma.  He  went  overseas  in  October  of  that  year,  and  spent 
the  rest  of  the  fall  and  winter  in  active  service  helping  to  care  for  the 
hundreds  of  horses  in  the  army  transport  system.  He  was  discharged 
in  July,  1919.  Harry  Marquardt,  at  the  right,  went  out  with  a  draft 
contingent  in  June,  1918,  being  assigned  to  the  engineers'  division  of 
the  transport  corps.  He  went  overseas  in  August,  and  during  the  rest 
of  the  war  was  stationed  most  of  the  time  at  LaRochelle,  France,  a 
large  seaport  which  was  a  great"  transportation  base  of  the  American 
army.  He  completed  his  service  and  returned  home  and  was  discharged 
in  May,  1919. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WO  ELD    WAR 


339 


MURRAY-MEDBERY   HONOR   ROLL 


Walter  Ecxroat,  upper  left;  Harold  Medberry,  upper  right;  Lome 
Murray,  center;  Hugh  Rolofson,  below. 

Lome  Murray  of  the  Murray-Medberry  Co.,  wholesale  and  retail  auto 
accessories  and  oils,  407-411  West  Washington  street,  Bloomington,  en- 
listed May  (5,  1917,  losing  no  time  to  get  into  a  uniform  when  war  was 
declared.  He  selected  aviation  and  was  sent  to  Kelly  Field,  Texas,  later 
going  to  Scott  Feld  and  Garden  City,  L.  I.,  sailing  for  overseas  via  Hali- 
fax February  1,  1918.  He  landed  at  Liverpool  and  was  promoted  to 
corporal  there.  He  trained  for  seven  and  one-half  months  at  Lopcomb 
Corners  aviation  field  and  was  finally  promoted  to  sergeant  of  the  first 
d;iss.  He  went  to  France  August  1,  1918,  and  spent  three  and  one-half 


340 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOBLD    WAR 


months  in  the  vicinity  of  Paris  and  the  Toule  sector  seeing  much  active 
service  and  getting  a  good  idea  of  the  tremendous  character  of  the 
great  war.  He  sailed  for  home  after  the  armistice  was  signed  and  was 
discharged  at  Gas  City,  Ky.,  February  4,  1919. 

Harold  Medberry  of  the  same  firm  enlisted  as  naval  aviation  car- 
penter May  20,  1918,  trained  at  Great  Lakes  for  three  months,  thence 
at  the  Philadelphia  naval  station;  sailed  for  England  August  15,  1918, 
and  then  saw  much  active  duty  at  Glasford,  Paris,  Calias  and  Cham- 
pagne, joining  a  bombing  group.  He  saw  much  strenuous  service  in 
France  and  was  promoted  to  second  class  petty  officer,  machinist's  mate. 
He  received  his  release  February.  18,  1918. 

Walter  M.  Eexroat  enlisted  February  4,  1918,  at  Chanute  Field, 
leaving  with  the  210  Aero  Squadron  for  Garden  City  and  sailing  for 
France,  February  28  for  England,  training  at  Codford,  Romsey,  Don- 
caster  and  Notty-Act.  He  was  discharged  December  24,  1918,  at  Camp 
Grant. 

Hugh  Eolofson  enlisted  October  20,  1917  in  the  air  service  as  me- 
chanic, trained  at  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Texas;  Richiield,  Waco,  and 
was  promoted  to  first  class  sergeant,  being  discharged  March  2,  1919. 


Top  row    (left  to   riijht) — Robert  Peasley,   Gustave  Punke,   Frank  L.   Phillips,   Warren 

C.    Passwaters,    Charles    Popejoy,    Martin    .T.    Pree,    Donald    Purcell,    Stanley    H. 

Paul,    W.    P.    Probus,    Percy    H.    Phillips,    Marion   \V.    Perry. 
fiecond  row — Bernard  A.  Pierce,  Alfred  \V.  Pinneo,  Frank  Ploense,  Walter  L.  Ploense, 

Walter    R.    Ploense,    Martin    H.    Ploense,    Elza    N.    Pick,    Elmer   Paxton,    William 

A.  Parker. 
Third  row — Robert   E.   Powell,    Glen   B.   Pringey,    Roy  A.   Pierspn,   Owen   S.   Parmele, 

Lerman    Parke   Powell,    William   .T.    Pleanitz,    Nick    A.    Phillos. 
Fourth    row — George    D.    Phillos,    Carl    Porter,    Joseph    .T.    Pitsch,    Fred    ,T.    Phillips, 

Emory    H.    Powers.      Above — Elbert    L.    Perry,    Alfred    S.     Peterson,     Harry    J. 

Prescott,    Harold    E.    Protzmart. 


.l/,/,/-../.Y    <()I'\TY    AND    Till-:    \\OKLD    WAR 


341 


FOUR  BROTHERS  WHO  SERVED  OVERSEAS 

Edward  Garbe,  one  of  the  four  Garbe  brothers  in  the  war  service, 
enlisted  May  31,  1918,  in  the  7th  Cavalry  and  was  stationed  at  Del  Eeo, 
Texas,  on  the  Mexican  border  for  a  short  time  when  he  was  transferred 
to  the  55th  Motor  Field  Artillery,  then  located  at  Camp  Bowie,  Ft.  Worth, 


Charles  Garbe 


Edward  Garbe       Herman  Garbe 


Arthur  Garbe 


Texas,  and  later  at  Ft.  Sill,  Oklahoma,  until  his  discharge  from  the 
service  February  10,  1919. 

Herman,  Charles  and  Arthur  Garbe  left  Bloomington,  June  25,  1918, 
for  Camp  Wheeler,  Maeon,  Georgia.  Herman  was  assigned  to  the  19th 
Engineers  and  transferred  to  Washington  Barracks,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Left  for  overseas  August  26th  and  arrived  in  England,  September  9th. 
Crossed  the  English  Channel  and  arrived  at  Nevers,  France,  where  he 
was  stationed  with  the  110th  Transportation  Corps  in  the  largest  rail- 
road shops  in  France,  and  operated  entirely  by  Americans.  Left  there 
May  31st  and  arrived  in  the  States  July  6th,  1919.  Was  mustered  out 
at  Camp  Grant,  July  14,  1919. 

Charles  and  Arthur  were  with  the  123rd  Infantry  at  Camp  Wheeler, 
leaving  for  overseas,  October  7th,  until  their  arrival  in  France,  October 
21,  when  they  were  both  sent  direct  to  the  front  as  replacements  to  the 
306th  Infantry,  77th  Division.  Both  returned  April  25th  with  the  divi- 
sion and  wrere  discharged  from  the  service  May  7,  1919.  The  home  of 
the  Garbe  brothers  is  on  West  Walnut  street  in  Bloomington. 


Top   roiu — Williml    K.   Yoder,    Lee   A.   Yoder,   Oscar   Yordy. 

Center    (left  to  rii/ht) — Harold  A.   Yerke,  Homer   S.  Yettman,   Wilbur   H.   Youngman, 

Julius    A.   Yarp. 
Below  center — Luther  E.  Young. 


342 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


DAYTON  KEITH  &  COMPANY  INC.  HONOR  ROLL 
DAYTON  KEITH  GKOUP  NO.  1 


Upper  left — Wm.  A.  Zook;  upper  right — S.  C.  Hibbins;  left  center — 
T.  K.  Morrow. 

Eight  center — L.   E.  Bristow;   center — Dayton   Keith. 

Lower  left — Iredell  Harrison;  lower  center — W.  H.  Goff;  lower  right 
— W.  B.  Garrette. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


343 


DAYTON  KEITH   GROUP  NO.  2 


Top  row,  left  to  right — Tracy  Green,  Wm:  Poling,  L.  L.  Wright,  and 
A.  C.  Muxfeldt. 

Second  row — J.  A.  Cunningham,  Emerson  Planck,  C.  W.  Pullen,  and 
F.  C.  Ferguson. 

Third  row — B.  L.  Eoss,  Francis  Harry,  James  McDonald  and  Paul 
Henderson. 

Fourth  row — T.  O.  Tiffin,  C.  H.  Morrison,  L.  E.  Harrison  and  Walter 
L.  Hoffman. 

Dayton  Keith  &  Company  Incorporated,  of  Bloomington,  distributor 
of  Ford  cars  and  Fordson  tractors,  contributed  the  following  men  to  the 
service: 

Dayton  Keith — Commissioned  major  in  the  Motor  Transportation 
Corps. 


344  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOULD    WAR 

J.  E.  Cunningham — Enlisted  December  5th,  1917,  promoted  to  ser- 
geant of  the  317th  Aero  Service  Squadron,  discharged  December  20th, 
1918. 

William  A.  Zook — Commissioned  first  lieutenant,  (5th  Marines,  en- 
listed May  19th,  1917,  discharged  August  15th,  1919. 

Charles  H.  Morrison — Enlisted  May  25th,  1917,  promoted  to  sergeant 
in  the  9th  Engineers  transportation,  discharged  January  loth,  1919. 

Francis  Harry — Enlisted  July  26th,  1917,  promoted  to  sergeant  of 
aviation,  discharged  May  3rd,  1919. 

William  Poling — Enlisted  May  15th,  1918,  in  39th  infantry,  dis- 
charged April  2nd,  1919. 

Walter  T.  Hoffman — Enlisted  September  19th,  1917,  promoted  to  ser- 
geant, discharged  February  10th,  1919. 

L.  E.  Harrison — Enlisted  June  28th,  1917,  chauffeur  first  class,  dis- 
charged November  28th,  1919. 

R.  E.  Kauffold— Bugler  18th  Battalion,  enlisted  April  28th,  1918,  dis- 
charged January  13th,  1919. 

Clarence  McGhee — Enlisted  December  14th,  1917,  promoted  to  ser- 
geant af  261  Aero  Service  Squadron,  discharged  December  23,  1918. 

Earl  W.  Hayes— Enlisted  December  13th,  1917,  promoted  to  corporal 
3d  Air  Service  mechanic,  discharged  July  12th,  1918. 

James  McDonald — Enlisted  March  27th,  1917,  promoted  to  sergeant 
133d  machine  gun  battalion,  discharged  May  18th,  1919. 

S.  C.  Hibbins — Enlisted  May  31st,  1917,  commissioned  second  lieu- 
tenant 304th  battery  tanks,  discharged  May  18th,  1918. 

L.  L.  Wright — Enlisted  May  25th,  1917,  promoted  sergeant  124  ma- 
chine gun  battalion,  discharged  April  15th,  1919. 

J.  C.  Ferguson — Enlisted  June  1,  1917,  cadet  15th  ambulance  corps, 
discharged  June  28th,  1919. 

Hiram  Fisher — Enlisted  July  15th,  1918,  46th  Infantry,  discharged 
March  1,  1919. 

L.  E.  Bristow — Enlisted  July  14th.  1917,  commissioned  lieutenant, 
J.  G.  United  States,  N.  E.  Discharged  February  7th,  1919. 

Tracy  E.  Green — Sergeant  Motor  Transportation  Corps,  June  19th, 
1918,  discharged  June  27th,  1919. 

B.  L.  Eoss — Enlisted  January  1st,  1918.  promoted  to  sergeant  in  spe- 
cial unit  317  Engineers,  discharged  April  1,  1919. 

C.  W.  Pullen — Enlisted  May,  1917,  commissioned  2d  lieutenant,  116th 
Field  Artillery,  discharged  January  14th,  1919. 

T.  O.  Tiffin— Enlisted  July  31st,  1918,  promoted  corporal  battery  F, 
Artillery,  discharged  January  5th,  1919. 

Donald  Garrett — Boatswain 's  mate  first  class,  TJ.  S.  N.  E.  F.,  May 
8th,  1917,  discharged  December  25th,  1918. 

Emerson  Planck — Commissioned  1st  Lieutenant,  Air  Service  14th, 
1917,  discharged  February  25th,  1919. 

William  H.  Goff — Enlisted  May  26th,  1917,  commissioned  1st  lieu- 
tenant 124  Machine  Gun  Battalion,  3d  division  discharged  September  15, 
1918. 

A.C.  Muxfeldt — Enlisted  June  9th,  1918,  seaman,  2d  U.  S.  N.  E.,  dis- 
charged February  llth,  1919. 

Paul  Henderson — Enlisted  February  4th,  1918,  promoted  to  sergeant 
of  medical  department,  discharged  June  14th,  1919. 

H.  B.  Wood— Sergeant  of  344th  Infantry. 

C.  J.  Seeley — Enlisted  January  1,  1918,  promoted  corporal  314  Sup- 
ply, discharged  June  1,  1919. 

T.  K.  Morrow — Enlisted  May  29th,  1918,  Infantry,  discharged  De- 
cember 21,  1918. 

Otmer  Folger — Enlisted  May  llth,  1917,  Medical  Dept.,  discharged 
July  30th,  1919. 


M<-LKAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOULD    WAR 


345 


BLOOMINGTON  BULLETIN  HONOR  ROLL 


GLEN  D.  WALLEY 

Enlisted  September  19,  1917.  Went 
to  Camp  Dodge.  Sailed  July  8,  1918, 
for  France.  Served  11  months  and  7 
days  overseas.  Saw  action  on  the  Al- 
sace Lorraine  front  and  Woever  sec- 
tion in  front  of  Metz.  Discharged  June 
15,  1919.  Was  member  of  Co.  F,  349th 
Inf.,  Co.  M.  349th  Inf.  With  the  sev- 
enth French  army  and  Headquarters 
Detachment  88th  Division  following 
the  signing  of  the  armistice.  Left  Rhine 
River  for  home  May  8,  1919.  At  the 
time  of  his  discharge  he  was  a  line 
sergeant. 

WILLIAM  J.  EADS 

Sergeant  First  Class  William  J.  Eads. 
Served  with  the  Headquarters  Detach- 
ment 84th  Division.  Enlisted  Septem- 
ber 21,  1917.  Discharged  April  16, 
1919.  Did  not  get  overseas. 

CARLYLE    J.    WILLEY 

Sergeant  Willey  enlisted  in  1918  and 
took  a  course  at  Bradley  Polytechnic 
Institute  in  Peoria  before  going  over- 
seas. Sergeant  Wjlley  was  with  the 
ordnance  department  and  was  at  Ver- 
dun and  saw  the  big  shells  fly  thick 
and  fast.  He  was  discharged  in  July, 
1919. 

SERGEANT    ORAN    SMITH 

Sergeant  Oran  Smith  enlisted  in  No- 
vember, 1917,  with  the  319th  En- 
gineers stationed  in  California.  They 
were  sent  overseas  in  October,  1918. 
Just  too  late  to  get  into  action.  He 
returned  to  this  country  in  September, 
1919,  and  was  honorably  discharged. 

SHERMAN  D.  WAKEFIELD 

Sherman  D.  Wakefield  enlisted  September  10,  1918,  in  432nd  Engineers  and 
was  discharged  from  478th  Engineers  May  31,  1919.  Served  also  with  489th  En- 
gineers, all  at  Washington,  D.  C.  Was  rank  of  first-class  sergeant  when  discharged. 


William  J.  Eads 


Edward  Radley 


Glen  D.  Walley 


EDWARD     RADLEY 

Enlisted  in  the  fall  of  1917  with  the  6()lli  Hospital  Unit.  Was  overseas  one 
year  and  two  months.  Was  stationed  near  Tours,  France,  in  hospital  work.  Wus 
discharged  July  8,  1919. 

FRED  H.  YOUNG 

Fred  H.  Young,  sporting  editor  for  the  Bulletin,  heard  the  call  of  his  country 
and  enlisted  in  the  Navy  in  the  spring  of  1918.  Mr.  Young's  work  was  mostly  pub- 
licity for  the  Navy  Department.  He  was  released  from  service  in  the  spring  of  1919. 


346  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

KNIGHTS  OF  COLUMBUS  HONOR  ROLL 

Too  much  can  hardly  be  said  of  the 
great  work  of  the  Knights  of  Columbus 
during  the  great  war.  Their  buildings 
dotted  all  sections  of  France  and  con- 
tributed to  the  pleasure  and  comfort 
of  an  unnumbered  host  of  heroes.  Out 
of  the  original  budget  of  the  United 
War  Drive  of  $170,500,000,  the  Knights 
of  Columbus  was  allotted  17.60  per  cent 
or  $30,000.000  and  received  by  June  30, 
1919,  $17.000,000.  Prior  to  that  date, 
$5,468,080.79  was  spent  for  activities  in 
the  United  States  and  $9,550,083.62 
overseas,  the  remainder  being  expended 
since  that  time.  Out  of  the  $15,000,000 
spent  prior  to  June  30,  $7,000,000  went 
to  "Free  Creature  Comforts"  both  in 
the  army  and  the  navy.  Some  of  the 
items  included  in  the  list  of  supplies 

for  free   distribution  were  as   follows: 

900,000,000  beef  cubes;  618,000,000  cig- 

Eugene  McCarthy  arettes;  3,750,000  pipes;    546,851  pounds 

of  pipe  tobacco;  and  3,000,000  pounds  of  candy.  The  relief  work  of  the 
Knights  of  Columbus  right  up  to  the  firing  line  is  well  known  to  every 
soldier  who  reached  the  firing  line.  In  the  United  States,  the  Knights 
had  461  buildings;  32  tents;  with  11  buildings  under  construction  at 
permanent  army  posts  on  June  30,  1919.  Overseas,  the  Knights  had 
125  huts  and  clubs  of  substantial  size;  while  they  had  many,  more  or 
less  ephemeral  clubs  were  equipped  and  maintained.  For  collection,  care 
and  general  administration,  $166,616.76  or  20.63  per  cent  was  expended 
a  sum  that  wajs  more  than  taken  care  of  by  discounts  from  prompt  pay- 
ment of  merchandise  bills.  Since  the  close  of  the  war,  the  Knights  of 
Columbus  equipped  and  financed  many  vocational  training  houses  in  army 
camps,  conducted  as  an  army  school  under  the  supervision  of  army  offi- 
cers appointed  by  camp  commanders.  Such  camps  as  Camp  Devens, 
Mass.,  Camp  Dix,  N.  Y.,  Camp  Mills,  N.  Y.,  Base  Hospital,  No.  1,  New 
York  Base  Hospital,  Staten  Island,  and  others  are  operating  these  schools 
where  in  some  instances,  200  officers  and  over  1,000  enlisted  men  at- 
tended courses  from  1  to  4  p.  m.,  five  days  in  the  week.  At  Camp  Dix, 
Major  Gen.  Hale  thought  so  much  of  the  work  that  he  ordered  his  entire 
staff  of  officers  to  take  courses.  An  appropriation  of  $3500  was  recently 
made  for  the  purpose  of  maintaining  and  equipping  the  57th  Kegimental 
School  at  Camp  Pike,  Ark.,  and  this  has  been  highly  endorsed  by  the 
regimental  officers.  There  is  every  evidence  that  the  Camp  Educational 
project  of  the  Knights  of  Columbus  is  going  to  be  very  extensive  and 
it  promises  to  be  one  of  the  most  successful  features  of  the  Post  War 
service. 

Locally  the  work  of  the  Knights  of  Columbus  is  also  well  entitled 
to  praise.  Bloomington  Council  No.  574,  conscious  of  the  high  mission 
of  the  organization  of  which  it  is  an  integral  part,  was  among  the  first 
to  assist  in  every  local  patriotic  project.  The  council  gave  generously 
not  only  to  the  various  Knights  of  Columbus  relief  work  funds,  which 
preceded  the  United  War  Drive,  but  were  eager  subscribers  to  the  various 
war  funds  collected  by  other  war  relief  agencies — over  $10,000  being 
raised.  Conspicuous  among  the  individual  affairs  in  which  Bloomington 
Council  played  a  prominent  part,  was  the  memorable  bazaar,  given  at 
"The  Oaks"  for  the  United  War  Drive,  which  was  made  possible  through 
the  generosity  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Howard  Humphreys,  the  assistance  of 


M<-LKA\    COfXTY    AXJ)    Till':    ll'OKLD    II'. tK 


347 


the  Young  Mens  Club  and  the  whole  hearted  co-operation  of  the  citizens 
of  McLean  County.  The  officers  of  Bloomington  Council  No.  574  who 
served  through  the  war  were  the  following:  Grant  Knight,  James  V. 
Flavin;  Deputy  Grand  Knight,  Charles  Lucas;  Warden,  Floyd  C.  Cloth- 
ier; Chancellor,  J.  Eoy  Costigan;  Financial  Secretary,  Thos.  L.  Middle- 
ton;  Eecording  Secretary,  Fred  Frost;  Treasurer,  P.  W.  Coleman;  Trus- 
tees, M.  T.  Cunningham,  Dan  W.  Connors,  and  Edward  T.  Doyle;  Chaplain, 
Very  Eev.  M.  Weldon. 

The  Bloomington  Lodge,  Knights  of  Columbus  compiled  a  list  of  the 
members  of  the  local  council  in  the  military  service  and  made  a  handsome 
roll  of  honor  containing  the  names  of  all  those  in  the  service. 


James  C.  Allen 
John  C.  Bandi 
Michael  J.   Barthoviak 
Dr.  E.  A.  Behrendt 
Howard  Bethea 
Lloyd  F.   Blair 
Edward  G.  Bounen 
George  J.  Boylan 
Harry  F.   Boylan 
Edward  F.  Brennan 
Peter  A.  Burke 
Richard  J.  Burns 
Lieut.  Frank  M.  Butler 
Lieut.  James  J.  Butler 
Martin  L.  Callahan 
John  E.  Carbery 
John  A.  Cleary 
Edgar  L.  Conley 
George  F.  Conley 
Francis  H.  Conroy 
Maurice  J.  Conroy 
John  P.  Corbley 
Thomas  I.  Costigan 
James  V.  Cox 
John  F.  Cox 
Francis  M.  Cullen 
Lieut.   Frank  Deneen 
Roy  B.  Devaney 
James  P.  Donlon 
Daniel  P.  Downey 
Edward  T.  Downey 
Eugene  P.  Downey 
John  B.  Driscoll 
Jay  D.  Enright 
Honry  A.  Fisherkcller 
Edgar  A.  Flynn 
Lt.  Mortimer  G.  Flynn 
Albert  J.  Freese 
John  G.  Freese 
Lawrence  Gehring 
Leo  A.  Gildner 
George  P.  Gleeson 
Lt.  Paul  E.  Greenleaf 
Matthew  R.  Gregory 
Lt.  Frank  D.  Hackett 
Louis  L.  Hafner 
John  J.  Hallihan 
Daniel  A.  Hayden 


Thomas  J.  Hayden 
Louis  A.  Hayes 
Melvin  S.  Hayes 
Paul  Hayes 
Peter  J.  Heintz 
Leo  L.  Hogan 
Austin   Howard 
Leo  Hunt 
James   T.   Johnson 
Maurice  Kalahar 
Lieut.  Charles  P.  Kane 
Vernie  C.  Kellog 
Patrick  L.  Kinder 
James  J.  Kinsella 
Emmett  L.  Koos 
Lawrence  H.  Koos 


Robert  Lahcy 
Charles  E.  Leary 
John  M.  Leary 
Richard  M.  Leary 
William  J.  Lenanan 
Laughlin  J.  Lunney 
James  R.  Lynch 
Wayne  C.  Lyons 
Arthur  J.  McAvoy 
Eugene  S.  McCarthy 

(Gold  *) 

Patrick  M.  McGraw 
William  E.  McGraw 
Robert  E.  Maloney 
Andrew  J. 'Mann 
Adolph  Mauer 
Joseph  P.  Meaney 
Harry  Merna 
William  Merna 
Francis  De  Sales  Misner 
Roy  B.  Moore 


Ralph  C.  Morath 
James  J.  Momssey 
James  S.  Morrissey 
Fred   E.   Murray 
Leo  F.  Murray 
Richard  M.  O'Connell 
John  J.  O 'Conner 
Raymond  O  'Donnell 
William  J.  O  'Kara 
Peter  J.  Ottes 
Jacob  J.  Parker 
Hubert  Pemberton 
Lieut.  Fred  W.  Penn 
James  C.  Penn 
John  W.   Phelan 
Kd\v;ird   Ploussavd 
Lt.  Edward  M.  Powers 
Louis  Radbourn 
Edward  V.  Raycraft 
Arnold  F.  Riegger 
Edward  Riley 
Joseph  E.  Rodgers 
James  M.  Ryan 
Maurice  A.  Salmon 
Maurice  J.  Salmon 
James  J.  Salmon 
Dr.  Wm.  Sanders 
Andrew  Schultz 
John  Schwartz 
Thomas  J.  Shanahan 
Lieut.  Joseph  F.  Smith 
William  Smith 
Leslie  Stone 
Andrew  E.  Sullivan 
Charles  H.  Sullivan 
George  Sweeney 
William  F.  Sweeney 
Otto  A.  Thoennes 
Harold  J.  Toohey 
Daniel  P.  Twomey 
Roger  M.  Vogel 
Leo  M.  Walsh 
Thomas  M.  Walsh 
Francis  L.  Watson 
Roland  B.  Watson 
Thomas  Y.  Watson 
Thomas  S.  Weldon 
John  A.  Williams 


348 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    tVOELD    ll'Ali 


Waldo   Kuhn 


KUHN  COAL   CO.  HONOR  ROLL 

Waldo  Kuhn   of  the  Kuhn  Coal  Co.,  Bloomington,  was  inducted  into 
the   army   June    24,    1918,   and    was   honored   by   appointment   as    captain 

of  a  detachment  of  560  men  which  left 
McLean  county  for  Camp  Wheeler,  Ga. 
Mr.  Kuhn  was  later  sent  to  Camp  Mills, 
L.  I.,  and  embarked  as  a  corporal  of  Co. 
A.  113th  Infantry,  arriving  at  Brest, 
France,  October  15,  1918,  with  the  31st 
division.  He  was  stationed  at  various  small 
towns  and  finally  when  the  division  was 
broken  up  he  was  assigned  to  Co.  I  of 
the  123d  Infantry,  29th  Div.  This  divi- 
sion had  orders  to  relieve  the  26th  at  the 
battle  front  and  was  on  its  way  when  peace 
was  declared,  being  close  to  Metz  when  the 
armistice  was  signed.  Mr.  Kuhn  was  among 
the  soldiers  who  took  advantage  of  the  gov- 
ernment 's  offer  to  supply  a  university  train- 
ing and  entered  the  University  of  Toulouse 
in  France,  taking  the  French  course  in  lit- 
erature and  other  studies  for  four  months, 
remaining  there  until  his  embarkation  at  St. 
Nazaire  on  July  10  for  home,  receiving  his 
discharge  at  Camp  Merritt,  Grant,  August 
1,  1919. 

Albert  E.  Wilcox,  bookkeeper  with  the  Kuhn  Co.  enlisted  September  4, 
1918,  at  Champaign,  and  was  assigned  to  the  435  437th  Engineers  at  Camp 
Meigs  and  also  being  on  duty  at  Washington,  D.  C.  He  was  discharged 
December  24,  1918.  A  picture  of  Mr.  Wilcox  will  be  found  in  the  group 
of  "W's."  

PEOPLES  BANK   HONOR  ROLL 

Jake  J.  Suter,  assistant  teller 
of  the  Peoples  Bank,  joined  the 
Fifth  Regiment  of  United  States 
Marines,  and  was  assigned  to 
the  2d  Division,  A.  E.  F.  He 
trained  at  Paris  Island,  South 
Carolina,  for  six  weeks,  then  to 
France.  He  saw  much  active 
service,  participating  in  the  bat- 
tles of  St.  Mihiel,  Champagne, 
or  Blanc,  Mont  Ridge,  Argonne 
Meuse,  and  other  sanguinary 
engagements.  He  remained  in 
Germany  with  the  Army  of  Oc- 
cupation until  July  18,  and  then 
came  home,  being  discharged  at 
Quantico,  Va.,  Aug.  13,  1919, 
resuming  his  post  with  the  Peo- 
ples Bank. 

Fredinand  Senseney,  son  of 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Edgar  Senseney, 

Jake  J.  Suter  was    one    of   the    Peoples    Bank 

young  men  who  volunteered  for 
the  military  service  and  contributed  his  bit  to  the  success  of  the  American  cause. 
He  enlisted  on  May  6,  1918,  and  was  sent  first  to  Jefferson  Barracks.  From  there 
he  was  sent  to  Fort  Totten,  New  York,  where  he  remained  thruout  the  year  in  work 
connected  with  the  artillery  service.  He  attained  the  rank  of  first  sergeant  in  the 
Second  Anti-Aircraft  Battalion.  In  December,  1918,  he  was  mustered  out  at  Camp 
Eustis,  Va..  and  returned  to  his  home  in  Bloomington.  In  the  fall  of  1919  he 
attended  the  Chicago  Art  Institute,  and  while  there  was  taken  sick.  He  came  home, 
and  after  an  illness  of  less  than  a  week  he  died. 


Ferdinand  Senseney 


349 


AMERICAN  FOUNDRY  AND  FURNACE  CO.  HONOR  ROLL 

The  American  Foundry  and  Furnace  Company  of  Bloomington,  con- 
tributed twelve  men  to  the  service.  These  included  the  following: 

Horace  A.  Soper,  vice-president  of  the  company,  who  was  commis- 
sioned First  Lieutenant  October  11,  1917,  and  Captain,  June  1,  1918.  He 
was  assigned  to  duty  in  Washington,  D.  C.  and  then  transferred  to  Tours, 
France.  His  first  duty  was  the  purchase  of  steel  helmets  and  fire  con- 
trol instruments  and  while  in  France  had  charge  of  the  purchase  of  iron, 
steel,  and  machinery.  He  was  honorably  discharged  January  4,  1919. 

Delos  Beck,  navy.  Enlisted  April  (5,  1917.  and  was  still  in  the  ser- 
vice when  this  book  was  published. 

John  Kates.     Army.    Enlisted  January  1,  1918. 

Robert  Whitmer.     Army. 

Wilson  Bean.  Army.  Enlisted  September  1,  1918,  Students  training 
camp,  Eureka,  111. 

Ray  Moore.  Navy.  Enlisted  1917  and  assigned  to  Great  Lakes 
station. 

Arthur  Garman.     Army. 

Frod  Bartels.  Enlisted  May  20,  1918  and  served  at  Camp  Del  Rio. 
Discharged  August  16,  1919. 

Paul  Jabsen.  Enlisted  June  24,  1918,  assigned  to  Camp  Wheeler, 
Ga.,  left  for  France  September  28,  1918  and  remained  there  eight  months, 
largely  in  the  Toul  sector.  Discharged  June  7,  1919. 

Edward  Prochnow.  Enlisted  June  24,  1918.  Assigned  to  Camp 
Wheeler,  Ga.,  and  left  for  France  October  5,  1918.  Remained  there  seven 
months  in  the  Argonne  sector.  Discharged  May  17,  1919. 

Roy  Wittmus.  Enlisted  Army  September  2,  1918.  Assigned  to  Camp 
Grant.  Discharged  November  30,  1919. 

John  Dunn.  Enlisted  army  May  25,  1918.  Assigned  to  Camp  Grant. 
Discharged  March,  1919. 


Left     to     Ki'jM — Frank     C.     Niehaus,     P.     Naffziger, 

Ernest   C.   Neal. 
Kelmv — Ralph    L.    Nicol. 


350 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


LIEUT.  ROBERT  P.  WHITMER 

Lieut.  Kobert  P.  Whitmer,  son  of  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Leroy  G.  Whitmer  of  Bloomiug- 
ton,  who  was  a  student  at  the  Illinois  Wes- 
leyan  University  of  Bloomington  when  war 
was  declared,  joined  the  Students  Army 
Training  Corps  at  Fort  Sheridan  early  in 
July,  1918.  He  finished  his  training  there 
and  won  a  commission  as  Second  Lieuten- 
ant. He  then  volunteered  to  enter  the 
Field  Artillery  Central  Officers  Training 
School  at  Camp  Zachary  Taylor,  Louisville, 
Ky.  He  was  hard  at  work  training  for 
this  department  of  the  service  when  the 
Armistice  was  signed  and  the  war  came 
to  an  end,  the  ending  of  hostilities  being 
as  keen  a  disappointment  to  him  as  to 
thousands  of  other  patriotic  young  men 
who  were  anxious  to  take  an  active  part 
in  the  great  struggle  abroad.  Lieut. 
Whitmer  was  honorably  discharged  on 

December   14,    1918,   and   immediately   resumed   his   studies   in  the   Luw 

School  of  Illinois  Wesleyan  and  in  his  second  year. 


Toj>   row    (left   to    right) — Lloyd   Mischler,    James    R.    Mclntosh,    James    S.   Morrissey, 

John   O.   Morrissey,    Beverly   H.  Miles. 
Ke^ond  row — Andrew  Miller,  Arthur  L.  Meyer,  Loyal  S.  McMillan,  Richard  J.  Martini, 

Carl   Masso,    Allen    W.   McVeigh. 
'J'liird   row — Raymond   H.   Mayer,   Cecil  W.   Macy,    Oscar  Moore,    Ervin   P.   Martenson, 

Edward    Me  Reynolds. 
Fourth    rou William    R.   Merna,    Harvey    Meeker,    Frank    C.    Munthor,    Roy    Morrell, 

Harold    McKhvnin,    Raymond    Means. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 351 

HOWARD  BROTHERS 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  L.  W.  Howard  of  Bloomington  have  two  sons  who  did  a 
full  part  in  the  military  service  of  the  U.  S.  in  war.  Mr.  Howard  is  a  well 
known  Bloomington  merchant.  The  elder  son,  William  Nelson  Howard, 
enlisted  for  the  University  of  Chicago  ordnance  army  supply  course  in 
November,  1917.  Completing  this  course  November  23,  he  was  sent  first  to 
San  Antonio  arsenal,  Texas;  thence  to  Camp  Jackson  and  then  to  Camp 
Hancock;  after  six  weeks  of  infantry  drill  was  sent  to  Camp  Merritt,  and 
four  days  later  sailed  for  England.  Crossed  the  channel  on  an  old  side- 
wheeler  and  landed  at  Le  Havre.  His  first  month  was  spent  at  ordnance 
depot  4  at  Mehun,  east  of  Orleans,  the  largest  in  Central  France.  After  a 
month,  he  was  sent  to  advance  depot  4,  and  put  in  charge  of  the  small  arms 
yard.  It  was  a  busy  place,  as  the  drives  of  Chateau  Thierry  and  Toul  were 
in  progress,  and  loading  trucks  was  done  at  night  and  in  a  hurry.  On 
October  1,  he  was  ordered  to  the  largest  base  depot,  near  Bordeaux  on  the 
Girondin  river.  Here  each  man  was  a  specialist  in  his  line;  the  depot  grew 
to  38  warehouses  each  600  feet  long.  Six  steam  cranes  worked  on  railroad 
tracks  to  sorting  sheds  for  ammunition,  fourteen  in  number.  There  were 


Gordon  K.   and  William   N.  Howard 

1,500  men,  composed  of  German  prisoners,  American  garrison  prisoners, 
negro  soldiers,  Chinese  coolies,  and  white  Americans.  He  remained  until 
March,  1919,  as  sergeant  in  charge  of  ammunition  at  this  depot.  He  got 
a  two  weeks '  leave  and  visited  St.  Malo ;  also  was  in  Paris  for  a  day  and 
saw  President  Wilson.  At  Easter  time  he  went  to  the  Pyrennese  mountains 
on  leave,  and  on  Easter  Sunday  was  in  the  old  city  of  Lourdes.  Took  dinner 
that  day  with  a  sister  of  the  King  of  Belgium,  who  invited  all  American 
soldiers  in  town.  Spent  ten  days  at  St.  Aiguan,  and  then  took  a  forty- 
eight  hour  ride  in  box  cars  to  Marseilles ;  sailed  from  there  on  an  Italian  boat 
for  home.  From  Camp  Merritt,  went  to  Camp  Grant  and  was  there  dis- 
charged July  17,  1919.  He  said  after  discharge:  "I  came  home  a  full 
fledged,  honest-to-goodness  American  for  all  time  to  come. ' ' 

Gordon  K.  Howard  enlisted  as  private  June  4,  1918,  and  went  to  Jeffer- 
son Barracks.  Was  transferred  to  Allentown,  Pa.,  July  25,  and  five  days 
later  was  assigned  to  base  hospital  82.  He  sailed  from  Hoboken  on  the 
S.  S.  Leviathan  on  Aug.  31,  and  landed  at  Brest  September  1.  Was  first 
sent  to  a  so-called  rest  camp,  then  to  Pontanezze  barracks,  where  he  re- 
mained until  September  12.  He  was  sent  to  Toul  on  September  20.  With 
the  medical  department  in  the  American  drive  of  the  Argonne  forest  No- 
vember 5  and  6.  He  remained  with  the  American  forces  after  the  armistice 
until  the  spring  of  1919.  He  was  promoted  to  sergeant  March  13,  and 
from  March  18  to  25  was  on  leave  to  Monte  Carlo,  Nice,  Mentone.  He  .left 
Toul  on  the  homeward  journey  by  way  of  LeMans  on  April  24;  sailed  from 
Brest  on  the  ship  President  Grant ;  landed  at  Boston  June  9,  thence  to  Camp 
Devens,  and  was  discharged  at  Camp  Grant  June  17,  1919. 


352 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AX*)    THE    WO  ELD    JIM/,' 


HUNTER  ICE  CREAM  CO.  HONOR  ROLL 


Left  to  right — Clarence   Bean,   Kenneth  Thompson,  Neil   Callahan. 

Of  the  employes  of  the  Hunter  Ice  Cream  Co.,  205  N.  East  street, 
Bloomington,  who  were  in  the  service,  one  James  Butler,  won  a  com- 
mission. He  was  inducted  into  the  army  September  4,  1917,  going  first 
to  Camp  Dodge  and  later  entering  the  officers  training  camp  at  Camp 


LIEUT.   JAMES  BUTLER       • 

Pike  where  he  won  a  commission  as  lieutenant.  He  also  entered  the 
school  of  flyers  at  Fort  Sill  and  also  was  on  duty  with  a  special  infantry 
detachment  at  Oklahoma.  He  closed  his  service  at  Camp  Funston  where 
he  received  his  discharge  January  1,  1919,  after  a  year  and  a  half  of 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    TEE    WORLD    WAR 


353 


strenuous  duty.  After  the  war,  Lt.  Butler  removed  to  Kansas  City 
where  he  has  been  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business. 

Neil  Callahan  enlisted  November  8,  1917,  in  the  air  service  and  was 
assigned  to  duty  at  Payne  Field,  going  later  to  Kelly  Field  with  the 
75th  Aero  Squadron  and  to  Ellington  Field  W7ith  the  272  Aero  Squadron. 
By  faithful  duty  he  won  a  promotion  to  sergeant  and  received  his  dis- 
charge March  3,  1919,  then  embarking  in  the  oil  business  at  Shreveport, 
La.  He  was  a  candidate  for  a  commission  in  the  flying  school  but  the 
end  of  the  war  prevented  his  realization  of  this  ambition. 

Clarence  Bean  enlisted  December  14,  1917,  trained  at  Camp  Han- 
cock, Ga.,  and  Camp  Merritt,  N.  J.,  and  then  sailed  March  3,  1918,  on 
the  Leviathan,  reaching  Liverpool  March  11  and  soon  thereafter  going 
to  France.  He  saw  much  active  service  and  was  kept  there  with  the 
Army  of  Occupation  until  the  summer  following  the  war,  not  leaving 
Brest  until  July,  1919.  He  was  discharged  at  Long  Island  July  14. 


CONTRIBUTED  FOUR  SONS 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  Edward  Johnson  of  Bloomington  had  the  distinction 
of  giving  four  stalwart  sons  to  the  service  during  the  war.  Mr.  Johnson 
is  a  well  known  business  man,  being  a  member  of  the  Johnson  Transfer 
and  Fuel  Company.  All  the  four  boys  did  a  full  part  in  the  various 


L.   Ross  Johnson 


John  P.  Johnson 


Warren  E.  Johnson 


Frank  R.  Johnson 


branches  of  service  in  which  they  engaged,  and  all  returned  safely  after 
the  close  of  the  fighting.  Frank  R.  Johnson  enlisted  in  April,  1917,  at 
the  age  of  16.  He  chose  the  air  service  and  was  sent  to  Kelly  Field, 
Texas,  where  he  was  stationed  for  six  months.  Then  he  went  to  England 
and  was  there  six  months  with  the  llth  Aero  squadron.  Finally,  he  was 
sent  to  France  and  served  the  last  six  months  of  the  war  with  the  86th 
Aero  squadron.  He  returned  and  was  discharged  in  the  winter  of  1918- 
19.  John  Paul  Johnson  entered  the  service  in  September,  1917,  in  the 
quartermaster's  department  and  was  sent  to  Louisville,  Ky.  He  served 
there  for  nine  months,  when  he  was  sent  to  Chanute  field,  at  Rantoul, 
with  the  quartermaster's  corps.  He  remained  there  until  his  honorable 
discharge  on  December  17,  1918.  L.  Ross  Johnson  enlisted  November  26, 
1917,  and  chose  the  air  service.  He  was  sent  to  Kelly  field,  where  he 
remained  for  ten  months.  Then  he  was  transferred  to  the  officers'  train- 
ing camp  at  Waco,  Texas.  He  was  there  at  the  close  of  the  war  and 
received  his  honorable  discharge  on  November  27,  1918,  with  the  grade 
of  master  signal  engineer.  Warren  E.  Johnson  enlisted  in  May,  1918, 
in  the,  medical  department.  He  was  stationed  most  of  the  time  during 
his  training  at  Newport  News,  Va.  He  was  then  sent  to  France,  where 
he  served  until  after  the  close  of  the  war  and  was  discharged  in  the 
winter  of  1918-19. 


354 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    TTLV    WORLD    W  AH 


HACKETT-HARVEY  CO.  HONOR  ROLL 

Acquiring  the  military  fever  as  a  member  of  the  National  Guard,  Frank 
Hackett,  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Hackett-Harvey  Co.,  garage  and  accessory 
dealers,  406  West  Washington  St.,  Bloomington,  enlisted  at  the  outbreak 
of  the  war  and  entered  the  first  Officer's  Training  Camp  at  Fort  Sheridan. 
He  soon  won  a  commission  as  lieutenant  and  was  then  ordered  to  Cornell, 
N.  Y.  university;  the  Boston  Polytechnic  Institute;  Wichita  Falls,  Kansas; 

Call  Field,  Texas,  and  finally  to  Mather 
Field,  Sacramento,  Cal.,  .for  various  classes 
of  training  in  aviation.  His  long  experi- 
ence and  practical  knowledge  of  motors, 
made  him  a  valuable  man  in  the  mechanical 
department  of  aviation  and  he  made  such 
a  notable  record  that  he  was  given  increased 
duties  and  responsibilities  and  gradually 
became  one  of  the  most  valuable  men  for  the 
department  and  towards  the  final  year  of 
war  and  later,  he  was  given  sole  charge  of 
the  motor  and  mechanical  department  in  the 
care  of  the  air  craft.  The  work  was  so 
congenial  and  the  lure  of  the  military  so 
irresistible  that  there  is  a  chance  that 
Lieut.  Hackett  will  adopt  the  profession.  He 
was  given  favorable  mention  by  the  com- 
manding officers  upon  numerous  occasions 
and  strong  pressure  exerted  upon  him  to  re- 
main in  the  aviation  department.  As  a  re- 
sult, it  is  more  than  likely  that  he  will  not 
return  to  Bloomington,  but  will  remain  with  the  war  department,  aviation 
section  permanently. 

Others  on  the  Hackett-Harvey  honor  roll  are  the  following: 

Birney  Driscoll,  Navy.     Enlisted  May  25,  1918. 

Herman  A.  Lawrence.  Enlisted  September  5,  1918.  Trained  at  Camp 
Hancock,  Ga.,  and  discharged  there  February  4,  1919. 

Boy  Shifflet,  Aviation  138  Aero  Squadron.  Enlisted  August  26,  1917. 
Jefferson  Barracks,  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Texas.  Four  months  at  Flying 
Field,  Fort  Sill  Okla. ;  four  months  at  British  Flying  Field  at  Mount  Eose, 
Scotland,  Colomby,  Les  Belle,  France  and  after  training  there  was  sent 
to  the  front  at  Layst  Bemy  until  the  armistice  was  signed.  After  the 
signing  of  the  armistice,  moved  to  Coblenz,  serving  15  months,  21  days. 
Discharged  at  Camp  Grant,  July  11,  1919. 

Conrad  Gottschalk,  Machine  Gun  Corp.  Enlisted  July  22,  1918.  Sweeney 
School  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  Camp  Hancock,  Ga.,  Camp  Grant  and  discharged 
January  15,  1919.  Six  months  service. 

Paul  Mockert,  gas  warfare  dept.,  trained  at  .Cleveland,  O.  Enlisted 
Juno  15,  1918. 

Bobert  Smith,  Medical  Supply,  Camp  Kearney,  San  Diego,  Cal.  En- 
listed June  1,  1917. 

Balph  Meatyard,  Navy.  Enlisted  May  7th,  1917.  Two  months  training 
at  Newport,  B.  I.  and  Portsmouth,  N.  H.  Later  on  U.  S.  S.  Texas.  In 
service  26  months. 


Lt.   Frank   Hackett 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


355 


HOLLIS  AND  JOSEPH  FREY 

The  bounding  billow  appealed  to  the  sons  of  C.  W.  Frey  of  Bloom- 
ington  both  Hollis  O.  Frey  and  Joseph  K.  Frey  selecting  the  navy  when 
war  was  declared.  Joseph  enlisted  June  24,  1918,  in  Chicago  as  second 
class  seaman  and  joined  the  deck  officers  school  at  Municipal  Pier.  Octo- 


Hollis  Frey 


Joe  Frey 


ber  29,  he  was  called  to  service  at  the  Great  Lakes  Training  Station  but 
peace  came  inopportunely  for  him  and  he  was  released  February  4,  1919, 
but  held  in  reserve.  He  was  permitted  to  return  to  the  University  of 
Illinois  where  he  graduated,  receiving  the  Bachelor  of  Science  degree 
in  the  College  of  Commerce,  then  becoming  associated  with  his  father  in 
the  automobile  and  tractor  and  truck  business.  Hollis  O.  Frey  enlisted 
May  17,  1918,  at  Cleveland.  O.,  and  was  ordered  to  Pelham  Bay,  L.  I., 
July  21  after  finishing  in  Mechanical  Engineering  at  the  U.  of  I.,  enter- 
ing the  Navy  Steam  Engineers  School,  completing  his  course  at  Stevens 
Institute,  Hoboken,  N.  J.,  where  he  was  made  a  warrant  officer.  He 
sailed  November  14  for  France,  was  promoted  to  Ensign  January  15, 
1919,  and  returned  home,  being  released  from  active  duty  February  10, 
1919,  and  returned  to  Bloomington  entering  the  firm  with  his  father  and 
brother.  He  greatly  enjoyed  his  period  of  service  abroad,  although  dis- 
appointed over  the  premature  cessation  of  hostilities. 


" 


HERBERT  J.   McGRATH 

Herbert  J.  McGrath,  junior  member  of  the 
firm  of  J.  T.  McGrath  &  Son,  215  East  Douglas 
street,  manufacturers  of  railway  shop  appli- 
ances, enlisted  June  20,  1918,  and  trained  at 
the  Sweeney  Auto  school  in  Kansas  City,  serv- 
ing as  instructor  for  six  weeks.  He  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  Railway  Operating  Engineers 
Corps  August  20  and  went  to  Fort  Benjamin 
Harrison.  He  was  assigned  to  Co.  A.  of  the 
118th  Engineers  and  sailed  October  26  for 
Liverpool,  reaching  Havre,  France,  and  was 
assigned  to  the  45th  Co.,  52d  Engineers  serving 
at  various  points  in  France  and  seeing  much 
active  duty  at  Perigueaux,  (Didogue)  and 
finally  sailed  for  home  June  16,  1919,  being 
discharged  at  Camp  Mills  one  week  later.  Of 
the  young  mechanical  engineers  who  saw  ser- 
vice abroad,  Mr.  McGrath  greatly  profited  by 
his  experience  and  it  will  undoubtedly  be  of 
great  value  to  him  in  his  future  career  in  his 
chosen  profession. 


356 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 

A.  LIVINGSTON   &  SONS  HONOR  ROLL 

Milton  R.  Livingston,  senior  member  of  the  firm  of  A.  Livingston  & 
Sons,  dry  goods,  etc.,  located  on  the  south  side  of  the  public  square, 
Bloomington,  served  through  the  war  as  County  Chairman  of  the  State 
Commercial  Economy  Administration.  Products  required  for  the  armies 
and  the  American  Allies,  were  conserved  and,  in  each  city,  steps  were 
taken  to  this  end.  Mr.  Livingston  had  charge  for  Bloomington  and  dis- 


Milton   Livingston 

charged  the  duties  to  the  entire  satisfaction  of  the  state  bureau.  Mr.  Liv- 
ingston was  also  active  in  all  war  relief  work  and  was  a  never  failing  and 
generous  contributor  in  the  various  ' '  drives. ' ' 

Among  the  employes  of  this  firm  who  were  in  the  service,  were  the 
following: 

Herbert  S.  Cline,  advertising  manager  for  A.  Livingston  &  Sons, 
returned  to  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  where  he  enlisted  in  Company  C,  1st 
Iowa  Engineers  June  23,  1917.  The  Company  was  called  out  July  17th 
to  assist  in  construction  work  at  Camp  Dodge,  la.  Sept.  1st  Mr.  Cline 
was  appointed  Corporal  and  Company  Clerk.  On  Sept.  30th  his  Company 
was  ordered  to  Camp  Cody,  New  Mexico,  where  it  became  Co.  C,  109th 
Engineer  Regiment.  Corporal  Cline  was  transferred  to  Headquarters 
Co.  of  this  regiment  and  appointed  Regimental  Supply  Sergeant.  Dur- 
ing January  and  February,  1918,  he  was  on  detached  service  with  de- 
tachments from  the  regiment  engaged  in  bridge  building  on  the  Rio 
Grande  River  at  Camp  Courschene,  New  Mexico.  May  1st,  1918,  Ser- 
geant Cline  was  ordered  to  the  Quartermaster  Officers'  Training  Camp 
at  Camp  Joseph  Johnston,  Florida.  July  1,  1918,  he  was  commissioned 
2nd  Lieutenant,  A.  M.  C.  and  ordered  to  Camp  Upton,  N.  Y.  Here  he 
was  assigned  to  the  Subsistence  Division,  in  charge  of  the  rationing  of 
troops  destined  overseas.  Following  a  month  in  the  Base  Hospital,  Camp 
Upton  with  influenza  and  pneumonia  he  was  honorably  discharged,  Jan- 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


357 


uary  17,  1919,  and  re-commissioned  in  the  Officers'  Keserve  Corps,  after 
which  he  resumed  his  position  with  A.  Livingston  &  Sons. 

Eeginald  P.  Tuttle  enlisted  in  the  Medical  Corps,  U.  S.  A.  at  Bloom- 
ington,  Illinois,  July  6th,  1918.  He  was  sent  to  Jefferson  Barracks, 
where  he  remained  until  August  22,  1918.  He  was  then  ordered  to  Camp 
Crane,  Pennsylvania.  At  Camp  Crane  Private  Tuttle  was  assigned  to 
Casual  Co.  284  and  proceeded  with  them  to  Camp  Upton,  N.  Y.,  on 


Herbert   S.   Cline 


Reginald  P.  Tuttle 


August  29th.  He  sailed  from  Hoboken  with  his  company  September 
15th.  Arriving  at  Brest  his  company  was  sent  to  Pountmossoun,  near 
Metz  and  here  he  was  assigned  to  Evacuation  Hospital  No.  13.  The 
31st  of  October  he  proceeded  with  this  organization  to  Commercy  where 
it  participated  in  the  Meuse-Argonne  offensive.  January  12,  1919,  Private 
Tuttle  was  ordered  to  Luxemburg  city  where  he  remained  until  July 
4th  when  his  command  returned  to  Brest.  After  a  quick  return  trip 
he  landed  at  Hoboken,  July  19th,  and  was  honorably  discharged  at 
Camp  Grant,  111.,  on  July  29,  1919. 


TWENTY-SEVEN  TIMES  OVER  THE  TOP 


Entering  the  army  as  a  private,  W.  H.  Wilson,  son  of  Charles  B. 
Wilson  of  Gridley,  came  out  carrying  a  commission  as  lieutenant  and 
with  a  record  of  having  gone  over  the  top  in  action  twenty-seven  times. 
He  was  with  the  First  division,  and  took  part  in  the  battle  at  Cantigny, 
the  first  American  engagement  on  a  large  scale.  He  was  in  twenty-two 
different  raiding  parties  against  the  enemy  trenches  in  the  Marne  region 
in  the  summer  of  1918,  and  for  nearly  nine  months  was  constantly  in 
front  line  positions.  Afterward  he  attended  an  officers'  training  school 
in  France  and  obtained  a  commission  as  lieutenant. 


358 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


FRANKLIN   MOTOR   CAR   CO.   HONOR   ROLL 


Upper  left — M.  Julian;    upper  right — Harry  Hoeft. 

Center — Dowel  Mauney. 

Lower  left — H.  C.  Steininger;    lower  right — Park  Vance. 


Among  the  attaches  of  the  Franklin  Motor  Car  Co.,  316-320  West 
Washington  street,  Bloomington,  Park  Vance  of  Danvers  was  especially 
distinguished,  receiving  two  glowing  citations.  Enlisting  May  17,  1917, 
as  First  Class  private  in  F  Co.,  2d  U.  S.  Engineers,  he  was  among  the 
first  overseas,  reaching  France  September  9,  1917.  He  qualified  as  ex- 
pert rifleman  in  marksmanship  and  participated  in  the  battles  of  Toulon, 
Troyon,  Ainse  defensive,  Chateau  Thierry,  Aisne  Marne,  Marbache,  St. 
Michael  Mihiel  and  in  the  Meuse  Argonne.  Few  men  from  McLean 
county  saw  as  much  active  service  and  he  was  privileged  to  receive  a 
full  understanding  of  the  horrors  of  war  and  be  in  the  front  rank  in 
a  number  of  the  greatest  battles  that  the  world  has  seen.  Remaining 
with  the  Army  of  Occupation  until  the  summer  after  the  war's  end,  he 
sailed  for  home  and  was  discharged  August  8,  1919. 

H.  C.  Steininger  enlisted  June  14,  1918,  and  trained  at  the  Val- 
paraiso, Ind.  University,  then  going  to  the  Arsenal  Technical  School 
at  Indianapolis,  where  he  assisted  in  the  manufacture  of  army  trucks 
"nder  contract  with  the  Premier  corporation.  From  September  15  to 
December  26,  1918,  he  was  attached  to  Battery  D,  3d  Regt.  F.  A.  R.  D. 


McLKAS    ClH' STY    AND    Till':    WOULD    \Y  Ml 


359 


at  Camp  Taylor,  Louisville,  for  replacement  of  84th  Division,  his  unit 
of  the  field  artillery,  being  given  charge  of  the  motor  unit  of  the  entire 
regiment.  He  was  awarded  the  warrant  of  mechanic  in  his  unit  and 
received  his  discharge  with  the  close  of  the  war. 

Dowel  Mauney  enlisted  December  13,  1917,  and  was  assigned  to 
Chanute  Field  where  he  was  kept  until  January  20,  1919,  in  the  motor 
department,  his  experience  in  this  line,  making  him  a  valuable  man 
for  the  government.  He  had  charge  of  the  motor  machine  field  and  was 
discharged  as  first  class  sergeant. 

Corporal  Fred  Kauth  of  Colfax  was  assigned  to  the  First  Thirteenth 
Air  Service  Squadron,  which  had  the  distinction  of  being  the  first  to 
cross  the  ocean.  He  trained  at  Kelly  Field  after  he  enlisted  in  April, 
1917,  saw  much  active  service  abroad  and  was  badly  injured  in  an 
aeroplane  accident.  He  was  invalided  home,  remained  in  the  Fort  Sheri- 
dan hospital  for  seven  months.  He  may  never  recover  fully  from  the 
accident. 

M.  Julian  enlisted  April  12,  1917,  trained  at  Kelly  Field,  Chanute 
Field,  where  he  attained  the  distinction  of  chief  electrician  of  the  field 
and  at  Fort  Slocum.  He  was  discharged  as  Master  Signal  Electrician 
September  3,  1919.  In  the  fall  of  an  aeroplane  at  Grant  Park,  Chicago, 
ho  was  injured. 

G.  E.  McConnell  enlisted  July  1,  1918,  and  served  as  oiler  in  the 
navy  and  assigned  to  the  transport  Mecade,  crossing  the  ocean  several 
times,  and  discharged  as  2nd  Engineer  February  13,  1919.  He  also  trained 
three  months  at  Harvard  university. 

Harry  Hoeft  enlisted  December  9,  1917,  saw  service  at  Kelly  Field 
and  then  transferred  to  Newark,  N.  J.,  as  ship  builder,  discharged  from 
that  service  January  20,  1919. 


First  row    (left  to  right) — Richard   M.   Taylor,   H.   R.   Thompson,   Carl  Truitt. 
/Second  row    (left  to  right) — Maurice  Thompson,   Daniel  P.  Thompson,  Jesse  It.  Ton- 
gate. 

Third    rnir — ('has.    A.    Thompson,    Joe   Trimble,    Ralph    G.    Thompson. 
l-'nin-th  row — George  Tenney,  Samuel  M.  Tee,  Rouland  V.  Traxler,  Howard  A.  Tobias. 
Fifth   row — Elva   J.   Truax,   Jake    L.   Thomas,    Harry   Turner. 


360 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


HUDSON  BURR  &  CO.  HONOR  ROLL 


Top- — Lt.  Hudson  Burr. 

Below,  left  to  right — Lt.  Joseph  F.  Smith,  A.  Eoycc  Evans. 

Hudson  Burr,  junior  member  of  the  firm  of  Hudson  Burr  &  Co.,  319 
North  Center  street,  Bloomington,  left  Yale  college  in  the  spring  of  1917 
to  enter  the  first  Officers  Training  Camp  at  Fort  Sheridan  and  was  com- 
missioned a  Provisional  Second  Lieutenant  of  Field  Artillery,  Kegular 
Army,  October  26  that  year.  He  was  assigned  to  the  83d  F.  A.  at  Fort 
Russell,  Wyoming,  then  transferred  to  the  13th  F.  A.  at  Camp  Greene, 
N.  C.  and  next  attended  the  "Aerial  Observers  School"  at  Fort  Sill,  Okla., 
graduating  May  1,  1918,  and  sailing  for  France  May  22  and  entering 
the  French  artillery  school  at  Camp  de  Soue  Bordeaux,  with  Battery  C 
of  the  13th  F.  A.  He  went  to  the  front  at  Chateau  Thierry  July  30 
and  participated  in  the  engagements  as  follows:  Aisne-Marne  Offensive, 
August  1-6;  Vesle  Eiver  sector  August  6-16;  San  Mihiel  Salient,  Sep- 
tember 12-14;  and  Argonne  Forest  September  26  to  November  11,  the 


Mi-LKAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


361 


four  leading  battles  of  the  great  war.  Lt.  Burr  then  moved  with  the 
Army  of  Occupation  to  Ahrweiler,  Germany,  remaining  there  from  De- 
cember 1  until  July  1,  1919.  He  was  promoted  to  First  Lieutenant  of 
Field  Artillery  at  the  front,  July  4,  1918,  and  was  married  at  Coblenz, 
Germany,  April  2,  1919,  to  Miss  Mignon  McGibcny  of  Indianapolis,  who 
was  in  Germany  in  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  work.  Lt.  Burr  was  discharged  from 
the  service  September  5,  1919. 

Joseph  F.  Smith  entered  the  Officers  Training  Camp  at  Fort  Sheri- 
dan August  1,  1917,  and  was  commissioned  Second  Lieutenant  November 
1,  1917,  ordered  overseas  December  1,  1917,  entered  an  Infantry  school, 
was  appointed  Junior  Musketry  Instructor;  assigned  to  30th  Reg.  In- 
fantry in  May,  1918,  and  promoted  to  First  Lieutenant  November  1,  1918, 
seeing  active  service  in  three  major  operations,  Aisne  Marne,  Champagne 
Marne  and  Argonne  Forest.  He  was  appointed  assistant  Musketry  Offi- 
cer during  the  A.  E.  F.  Rifle,  Pistol  and  Musketry  Competition;  assigned 
as  Company  Officer  of  Casual  Co.  5428  May  1,  1919,  and  was  discharged 
at  Camp  Mills,  L.  I.,  June  1,  1919.  - 

A.  Royce  Evans  enlisted  in  the  tank  corps  September  12,  1918,  as- 
signed to  Casual  Co.  1  T.  C.  II.  S.  A.  at  Camp  Colt,  Pa.,  transferred  to 
346th  Bat.  at  Camp  Dix,  N.  J.,  promoted  to  corporal  November  20  and 
was  discharged  at  Camp  Dix  December  11,  1918. 


MCLEAN  COUNTY  COAL  co.  HONOR  ROLL 


Oliver  Eaoterbrook  was  among  the  group  of 
employes  of  the  McLean  County  Coal  Co.,  Bloom- 
ington,  in  the  service  enlisted  June  7,  1917,  at 
Urbana  for  the  ambulance  service  and  was  sent 
to  Allen  Pa.,  and  assigned  to  the  611  U.  S. 
Ambulance  Squadron,  being  sent  to  France  and 
seeing  much  strenuous  service.  He  was  kept  in 
the  service  until  June  19,  1919,  when  he  was 
discharged.  After  the  war,  he  made  his  head- 
quarters in  Peoria. 


Other  employes  of  the  McLean  County  Coal  Company  who  were  in 
the  service  were  the  following: 

Wm.  Hegerty,  805  W.  Locust,  age  30.  Enlisted  May  2nd,  1917,  as 
3rd  class  fireman,  served  26  months  in  foreign  waters  on  Flag  Ship  Black 
Hawk.  Discharged  as  1st  class  fireman  December  3,  1919. 

Lincoln  Clark,  1310  West  Chestnut.  Age  31.  Co.  B,  804th  Reg. 
Pioneer  Infantry.  Sailed  September  14,  1918.  Discharged  July,  1919. 

Peter  Janick,  1203  W.  Taylor  street.  Age  26.  Co.  H,  326th  Reg. 
Infantry.  Sailed  October,  1918.  Discharged  June  14th,  1919. 


362 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


W.  H.  KERRICK.  SPECIAL  AGENT 
DEPARTMENT   OF  JUSTICE 

There  are  far  more  chapters 
of  the  great  war  history  that 
will  remain  unwritten  than 
there  are  which  will  ever  be 
published.  In  the  records  of 
\V.  H.  Kerrick,  Federal  Agent 
of  the  Department  of  Justice, 
who  is  the  well  known  attor- 
ney of  Bloomington,  with  of- 
fices in  the  Corn  Belt  Bank 
building,  there  are  the  deposi- 
tions and  other  evidence  in 
thousands  of  cases  which  be- 
gan to  develop  immediately 
with  the  beginning  of  the  war 
in  Europe,  and  which  became 
more  numerous  and  more 
acute  when  the  United  States 
was  drawn  into  the  conflict. 

Previous  to  the  war  period, 
Mr.  Kerrick  had  for  nearly 
three  years  represented  the 
Government  in  the  same  De- 
partment, but  his  work  was 
principally  restricted  to  White 
Slave  and  similar  cases,  in 
which  the  Federal  laws  were 
being  violated. 

When  war  was  declared  by 
the  United  States,  there  at 
once  developed  hundreds  of 

cases  involving  citizens  and  others  who  were  not  citizens,  wTho  were 
accused  of  disloyal  acts  and  attacks  against  the  Government.  These  in- 
cluded aliens  who  were  suspicioned  of  carrying  on  pro-German  propa- 
ganda, and  were  otherwise  putting  forth  efforts  to  give  aid  and  comfort 
to  the  enemies  of  our  country;  industrial  agitation  and  crimes  to  hinder 
the  government  often  charged  to  German  sympathizers,  an  eye  being 
kept  open  for  all  such;  conscientious  objectors,  nearly  all  plain  cowards, 
under  the  guise  of  religion,  who  made  trouble  in  every  way  possible; 
refusal  to  purchase  liberty  bonds  or  to  give  assistance  to  the  great  drives 
for  Bed  Cross  work,  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  Knights  of  Columbus  and  others  of 
the  great  organizations  which  were  straining  every  nerve  with  all  loyal 
citizens  to  help  win  the  war;  the  registration  and  draft  difficulties,  in- 
volving failure  to  register,  and  failure  to  respond  to  call  and  rules  of 
the  Local  Exemption  Boards,  which  failure  often  resulted  in  registrants 
being  classed  as  deserters;  alien  enemies  failing  or  refusing  to  register 
as  the  law  provided  for  such  registration;  failure  often  willful,  to  com- 
ply with  food  and  day-light  saving  regulations;  applicants  for  positions 
with  the  Government;  fraudulent  allotments;  investigations  of  persons 
and  their  references  who  desired  passports  into  the  United  States,  and 
naturalization  cases  referred  to  the  Department  of  Justice  for  investi- 
gation, which  were  most  of  the  matters  which  required  attention.  These 
and  other  problems  frequently  aggregated  as  many  as  eight  or  ten  cases 
in  one  day  and  during  the  war  period  ran  up  to  more  than  three  thousand 
in  number,  in  all  of  which,  investigations  were  made  by  Mr.  Kerrick. 

His  territory  extended  over  at  least  one-third  of  Illinois,  and  occa- 
sionally beyond  the  State.  From  Kankakee  and  LaSalle  on  the  north, 
and  almost  to  Cairo,  south,  Peoria,  Springfield  and  Carlinville,  west  and 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOULD    WAR 363 

to  the  State  line  east,  taking  in  not  less  than  35  counties,  and  which 
were  gone  over  several  times.  He  necessarily  traveled  many  thousands 
of  miles  conducting  the  required  investigations  and  prosecutions.  Many 
of  these  were  of  a  grave  and  serious  nature,  and  the  more  difficult  they 
were  to  handle  the  less  the  public  knew  of  them,  and  which,  for  the 
highest  welfare  of  the  different  communities  were  adjusted  without 
public  notoriety  and  generally  kept  from  publication.  Many,  were  han- 
dled by  warning  and  stern  reprimand  and  with  emphatic  warning  as  to 
what  would  be  the  result  of  repetition  of  the  acts  complained  of. 

The  most  difficult  cases  to  properly  adjust  were  those  of  peculiar 
religious  sects,  nearly  all  of  them  pro-German  sympathizers,  who  at- 
tempted to  make  loyal  citizens  believe  they  were  claiming  exemption 
from  military  service  on  account  of  their  religion,  and  conscientious 
scruples  against  going  to  war.  Usually  it  was  not  the  young  men  them- 
selves who  were  making  such  claims,  but  the  parents  or  church  leaders 
who  urged  such  reasons  for  exemption.  In  making  such  claims,  coupled 
with  refusal  to  take  any  part  in  helping  to  win  the  war,  such  persons 
always  became  objects  of  public  scorn  and  contempt  and  in  some  in- 
stances of  violence.  The  loyal  public  desperately  indignant  at  such  per- 
sons and  such  claims,  were  often  ready  to  take  radical  and  criminal  ac- 
tion against  them  and  it  often  required,  considerable  diplomacy  and 
hnesse  upon  the  part  of  Mr.  Kerrick,  with  the  help  of  conservative  pub- 
lic authorities  to  prevent  serious  outbreaks. 

Mr.  Kerrick  was  energetic  and  tireless  in  the  performance  of  his 
duties,  the  importance  and  seriousness  of  which  were  not  understood 
by  the  public,  and  was  engaged  almost  night  and  day  and  Sundays  as 
well,  for  at  least  three  full  years  in  responding  to  calls  from  the  Gov- 
ernment, not  only  in  the  Department  of  Justice,  but  from  other  de- 
partments wherein  his  Department  had  taken  over  the  work  of  investi- 
gations, particularly  the  War  and  Navy  Departments  and  the  Depart- 
ment of  Labor  and  Commerce. 

Soon  after  the  Armistice  was  signed,  Mr.  Kerrick 's  territory  was 
extended  to  the  western  part  of  the  State  together  with  that  formerly 
covered,  which  with  the  after  the  war  difficulties  added  to  what  already 
existed,  and  with  this  additional  territory  to  travel  over  caused  him  to 
still  be  unusually  busy  with  Government  affairs,  arising  principally  out 
of  the  post-war  conditions. 

Although  the  great  majority  of  the  cases  which  were  given  atten- 
tion were  protected  from  the  public  by  the  mantle  of  non-publicity. 
Mr.  Kerrick 's  credit  is  none  the  less  pronounced  and  his  efficient  and 
successful  discharge  of  the  responsible  and  important  duties  are  widely 
recognized,  not  only  by  the  people  of  his  own  district,  but  his  work  is 
highly  appreciated  by  the  government  at  Washington,  where  it  is  of 
course  best  known.  He  has  accomplished  a  great  work  for  the  Govern- 
ment, and  no  one  has  achieved  a  more  faithful  record  of  war  services, 
and  there  is  no  one  more  deserving  of  the  high  appreciation  of  the  public. 


Orin   W.    Fawcett,    Elmer    E.    Fornoff,    Otto   W.    Fisher,    Otmcr    B.    Folger. 


364 McLEAN    COUNTY    AXD    THE    WORLD    WAR 

MOZART  LODGE   HONOR  ROLL 

Four  members  of  Mozart  lodge  A.  F.  &  A.  M.  were  in  the  service.  Of 
these,  Paul  Frederick  Hoierman  enlisted  in  the  navy  at  the  Officers 
Training  camp  in  Chicago  December  6,  1917.  On  June  19,  1918,  he  was 
sent  to  Cleveland  to  learn  the  practical  part  of  seamanship  on  the  differ- 
ent lakes  between  that  city  and  Detroit,  Mich.  After  four  months  of 
practical  study  on  the  lakes  he  returned  to  Chicago  for  further  study 


Edgar  Apelt  Paul  Hoierman 

until  January,  1919,  when  he  was  sent  to  Pelham  Bay,  N.  Y.,  for  final 
examination  where  on  March  1,  1919,  he  received  his  commission  as 
Ensign  in  the  Reserve  Navy.  May  1,  1919  he  was  transferred  to  the 
regular  Navy  as  Ensign.  May  15,  1919,  he  passed  examination  in  the 
United  States  Shipping  Board  and  was  appointed  a  Supercargo  on  the 
S.  S.  Point  Arena  which  sailed  for  Porto  Rico.  He  made  two  trips  to 
Porto  Rico  and  in  each  case  returned  with  a  cargo  of  raw-sugar.  The 
next  trip  he  took  to  Cuba,  and  Hong  Kong,  China,  thru  the  Panama 
Canal  via  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  Honolulu,  Hawaii,  and  Manila,  P.  I. 

Caught  in  the  ankle  by  a  bullet  from  a  German  machine  gun  in  the 
famous  assault  by  the  Marines  in  front  of  Soissons  on  July  19,  1918, 
Claude  S.  Miller  of  Bloomington  suffered  for  more  than  two  years  from 
the  effects  of  his  wounds  and  returned  home  carrying  with  him  the 
honorary  decorations  of  the  Croix  de  Guerre  and  the  red  cord  of  the 
French  Legion  of  Honor.  Claude  was  one  of  the  several  boys  from 
Bloomington  who  belonged  to  the  famous  Sixth  brigade  of  the  Marine 
Corps,  which  with  the  Fifth  brigade  composed  part  of  the  immortal 
First  division  which  stopped  the  Germans  at  the  Marne  and  drove  them 
back  during  the  months  of  June  and  July,  1918.  Claude  came  home  in 
October,  1918,  and  there  was  a  happy  reunion  at  the  residence  of  his 
father,  Theodore  Miller  of  606  West  Market  street.  Claude  soon  after 
his  return  wrote  for  the  Daily  Bulletin,  in  whose  employ  he  had  formerly 
been  as  a  reporter,  an  interesting  story  of  his  experiences  in  the  war. 
The  Fifth  and  Sixth  Marines  sailed  for  France  in  September,  1917.  For 
several  months  they  occupied  a  camp  and  engaged  in  drill  duty.  About 
the  first  of  June,  1918,  the  Marines  were  put  in  front  line  positions  to 
replace  French  troops.  On  the  morning  of  June  6  the  German  barrage 
against  the  Americans  began,  and  this  was  cited  by  Claude  as  his  most 
terrible  experience.  The  Yanks  had  orders  not  to  retreat  or  give  up 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 365 

the  front  line  at  any  cost.  Consequently  they  advanced  through  the 
barrage  to  points  of  comparative  safety  in  no  man's  land.  But  sud- 
denly the  barrage  stopped  and  the  Germans  swarmed  out  of  their 
trenches.  They  found  the  Marines  meeting  them  half  way,  and  before 
they  could  recover  from  their  surprise  they  were  peppered  by  the  Ameri- 
can guns  so  hotly  that  all  who  were  not  killed  scampered  back  to  their 
trenches.  The  Marines  had  obeyed  orders  not  to  retreat,  and.  had  cap- 
tured Balleau  Wood  with  600  prisoners.  The  Germans  retook  the  wood, 
but  the  Marines  were  hurried  back  to  the  front  and  captured  it  a  second 


Claude  Miller  William  Diebold 

time.  In  this  second  attack  the  American  big  gun  barrage  was  very 
effective.  In  honor  of  their  heroic  work,  the  French  government  changed 
the  name  from  Balleau  Wood  to  Wood  De  Marines.  In  these  battles 
Claude  saw  where  Germans  had  chained  their  own  machine  gunners  to 
trees  so  that  they  could  not  retreat,  but  most  of  them  were  killed.  Claude 
was  wounded  in  an  attack  at  Soissons  on  July  19,  when  the  Marines  had 
advanced  too  fast  and  got  out  of  the  protection  of  their  own  artillery, 
running  into  a  direct  fire  from  Germans  guns.  It  was  about  9  o'clock 
in  the  morning  when  Claude  was  hit  in  the  ankle  by  a  machine  gun 
bullet  and  his  foot  so  shattered  that  he  fell  in  the  wheat  field  through 
which  the  regiment  was  advancing.  When  he  fell,  his  company  kept 
on  advancing  and  he  lost  track  of  them.  Finally  a  first  aid  man  found 
Claude  wounded  and  carried  him  to  a  roadside,  where  he  lay  until  8:30 
that  night,  when  an  ambulance  picked  him  up.  While  he  lay  by  the 
road,  he  saw  a  German  airplane  swoop  down  over  the  field  and  fire  with 
machine  guns  at  every  wounded  man  he  could  see.  Fortunately,  Claude 
lay  unobserved  in  the  ditch,  which  probably  saved  his  life.  From  the 
first  aid  station  he  was  taken  to  a  base  hospital  at  Paris,  later  to  Bor- 
deaux. While  at  the  latter  place,  when  walking  with  crutches  he  slipped 
and  fell,  injuring  his  foot  again.  Finally,  on  September  22  Miller  with 
many  other  wounded  men  embarked  on  the  transport  Manchuria  for  the 
voyage  to  the  home-land.  For  more  than  a  year  after  reaching  the 
United  States,  Miller  was  subject  of  treatments  and  surgical  operations 
in  several  different  government  hospitals,  in  New  York,  Chicago,  Des 
Moines  and  elsewhere.  Finally  his  ankle  had  been  rejuvenated  to  such 
an  extent  that  he  could  discard  his  crutches  and  used  only  a  brace  on 
the  ankle. 


366 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


WADE   BARNEY  LODGE   HONOR   ROLL 

Wade  Barney  Lodge  No.  512  A.  F.  &  A.  M.  of  Bloom- 
ington  took  a  very  active  part  in  the  war  relief  work, 
while  one  of  the  forty-nine  members  who  entered  the 
service,  made  the  supreme  sacrifice  for  his  country. 
The  lodge  as  a  body  invested  liberally  in  Liberty 
bonds  while  the  members  as  individual  purchasers 
were  generous  and  also  were  active  in  assisting  in  the 
various  war  relief  drives  and  other  measures  calculated  to  win  the  great 
conflict.  Officers  of  the  lodge  during  1918  .were  as  follows: 

Eugene  F.  Duncan,  Worshipful  Master. 

Leslie  C.  Spurgin,  Senior   Warden. 

Herschel  H.  Fryer,  Junior  Warden. 

Charlie  J.  Moyer,  Treasurer. 

J.    Huber   Allen,    Secretary. 

Charles  J.  Anderson,  Senior  Deacon. 

Theron  O.  White,  Junior  Deacon. 

Walter  Rust,  Senior  Steward. 

C.  M.  House,  Junior  Steward. 

Thomas  Stockdale,  Marshal. 

J.  N.  Swift,  Chaplain. 

Frank   Noble,   Tyler. 

Alonzo  Dolan  and  J.  Huber  Allen,  Board  of  Control. 

Thomas  H.  Ramage,  Board  of  Relief. 

Wade  Barney  Lodge  adopted  Rene  Legallais,  a  Belgian  orphan  and 
is  still  caring  for  him.  The  lodge  contributed  the  following  to  the  service: 


Wilbur  E.  Anderson 

C.  E.  Baxter 
Lloyd  L.  Biggs 
Eugene  L.  Blackwell 
Fred  W.  Brian 
Robert  H.  Carson 
Levi  C.  Carter 
Chester  B.  Castle 
Arthur  R.  Chism 

J.  A.  Clark 
Vernon  E.  Clark 
William  R.  Clickener 
Leonard  R.  Dexter 
John  G.  Lovell 
O.  H.  Lundborg 
Edward  I.  Lundborg 

D.  W.  McDonald 
Harry  Marquardt 
Lloyd  M.  Nelson 
Lloyd  L.  Nevins 
Hubert  B.  Osten 
Wm.  H.  Paddock 
Frank  N.  Peck 
Emery  H.  Powers 
Paul  M.  Follick 


Lester  Gesell 
Klino  Hartley 
J.  K.  P.  Hawks 
Lew  W.  Henry 
Jay  E.  Hickman 
Floyd  L.  Johnston 
John  R.  Jones 
Marshall  W.  Jones 
George  A.  Katz 
Thos.  W.  Kitchen 
Julius  P.  Klemm 
W.  H.  Louden 
Harold  T.  Ramage 
Carl   W.   Seeger 
Walter  C.  Seeger 
Howard  Stevenson 
Wayne   Townley 
Raymond   Uhrie 
Philip  J.  Watson,  Jr. 
Ralph  O.  White 
Walter  W.  Williams 
Linzie   R.   Wilson 
Julius   Yarp 
Morris    Pumphrey 


Walter  Carl  Seeger  was  wounded  by 
shrapnel  on  October  15,  1918,  while  on 
duty  in  Argonne  Woods  with  Company  M. 
326th  Infantry,  and  died  as  a  result  of 
the  wounds  two  days  later.  He  was  buried 
in  the  American  Cemetery  located  at  Les 
Islettes,  Department  of  Meuse. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


367 


ARTHUK  PILLSBURY  HONOR  ROLL 


Above — Arthur  Pillsbury.  Center — left  to  right — Joe 
Moore,  Donald  E.  Marquis,  Walker  W.  Anderson,  Archie 
Schaeffer.  Below — Ada  Lyle  Seeley. 

Arthur  L.  Pillsbury,  architect,  Peoples  Bank  Bldg.,  Bloomington,  was 
appointed  McLean  County  chairman,  by  the  State  Council  of  Defense, 
and  was  in  charge  of  the  department  in  relation  to  the  construction  of 
buildings.  It  was  the  desire  of  the  government  to  avoid  the  construc- 
tion of  unimportant  or  non-essential  buildings  during  the  period  of  the 
war  in  order  to  conserve  supplies  necessary  for  the  operation  of  the 
great  struggle.  It  was  the  duty  of  Mr.  Pillsbury  to  enforce  the  rules 
and  regulations  as  provided  by  the  council  of  defense  and  he  served 
efficiently  and  faithfully.  The  post  was  non-salaried  yet  it  required  a 


368 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 

great  deal  of  the  time  of  the  incumbent.  In  addition  to  contributing 
his  own  services,  quite  a  representation  of  his  office  force  were  also  in 
the  government  service. 

Walker  W.  Anderson  enlisted  in  June,  1917,  at  Great  Lakes  as  chief 
carpenter  mate.  Was  commissioned  Ensign  in  September  and  sent  as  a 
deck  officer  to  sea  aboard  the  U.  S.  S.  Minneapolis  an  armored  cruiser. 
He  also  served  on  the  U.  S.  S.  Hubbard,  a  mine  sweeper;  the  U.  S. 
Piqua,  a  patrol  boat;  U.  S.  S.  Kaiserin  Augusta  Victoria,  a  transport; 
and  was  thirteen  months  at  sea.  For  six  months  he  was  stationed  at  the 
Naval  Base  L 'Orient,  France,  and  his  total  foreign  service  was  fifteen 
months.  He  was  made  a  lieutenant,  junior  grade  in  September,  1918, 
and  in  June,  1919,  was  placed  on  the  inactive  list  while  on  the  Kaiserin 
Augusta  Victoria. 

D.  E.  Marquis  enlisted  in  the  U.  S.  Navy  July,  1917.  Assigned  to 
duty  Norfolk,  Va.  Served  on  instruction  staff  at  Hampton  Eoads  Sta- 
tion until  January,  1918,  then  entered  Training  School  for  Officers  U.  S. 
Naval  Reserve  Force.  Commissioned  July,  1918,  and  assigned  abroad 
U.  S.  S.  Missouri.  Served  as  watch  and  Division  Officer  until  February, 
1919,  when  the  Missouri  went  on  Transport  duty.  Assigned  to  duty  at 
Headquarters  6th  Naval  District,  Charleston,  S.  C.  until  released  from 
active  duty,  April,  1919. 

Archie  Schaeffer  received  Civil  Service  appointment  in  Navy  De- 
partment in  March,  1918.  Placed  in  Bureau  of  Yards  and  Docks  at 
Washington,  D.  C.,  as  an  architectural  draftsman  planning  emergency 
hospital  buildings  for  the  U.  S.  Naval  bases.  Eesigned  position  in  June, 
1919. 

Ada  Lyle  Seeley  received  Civil  Service  appointment  in  June,  1918, 
as  stenographer  in  Civilian  Espionage  Department,  Military  Intelligence 
offices.  Returned  to  Bloomington  September,  1918. 

The  war  history  of  Joe  Moore  is  given  elsewhere  in  this  work. 


PAUL  F.  GINTEE 


Paul  F.  Ginter,  chief  clerk  in  the  office  of  Master  Mechanic  M.  J. 
McGraw  of  the  C.  &  A.  served  in  the  aviation  department  and  trained 
at  St.  Paul,  making  a  fine  record. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 


369 


WILLIAM  B.  BRIGHAM 
William  B.  Brigham,  assistant  county 
superintendent  of  schools  for  ten  years,  was 
appointed  Emergency  County  Club  Leader 
by  the  United  States  Department  of  Agri- 
culture to  co-operate  with  the  schools  in  or- 
ganizing the  young  people  into  clubs  pri- 
marily to  aid  in  the  war  program  of  in- 
creased production  and  conservation.  It  is 
needless  to  say  that  the  boys  and  girls  un- 
der his  direction  gave  a  good  account  of 
themselves.  This  work  proved  very  success- 
ful and  attracted  much  favorable  attention 
and  commendation.  Shortly  after  the  ar- 
mistice, Mr.  Brigham  composed  a  poem  in 
reply  to  the  immortal  war  lyric,  "In  Flan- 
ders Field."  Mr.  Brigham 's  effort  contains 
such  a  beautiful  sentiment  that  it  is  well 
worth  reproduction  in  this  work  as  a  last- 
ing tribute  to  the  heroes  who  made  the  su- 
preme sacrifice  for  their  country.  It  reads  as  follows 


OUE  ANSWER 
O,  Comrade  Dear,  across  the  sea, 

Who   fought   on  Flanders   fields   for  me; 
We  would  you  knew  the  foe's  no  more, 

And  victory  'ours  the  wide  world   o  'er. 
Your  flaming  torch  we  've  placed  on  high, 
True  faith  we'll  keep  with  you  who  lie 
Asleep  where  poppies  grow 
In  Flanders  fields. 

And   now  while  seasons  come   and  go, 
The  larks  will  sing  and  poppies  blow; 

Your  name  is  with  a  gold  star  sealed, 
And  angels  guard  those  sacred  fields. 

— W.  B.  B. 


Burger  Brothers 

Top    Row    (from    left    to    right) — Corporal 
Ollie  Burger,  Private  Claude  O.  Burger. 


Group  "C's" 


-Albert  M.  Carlson, 


Center — Edward   J.   Corbitt. 
Bottom  Row — Private  Dewey  Burger,  Cor-     Below — Henry     R.     Coyle,     Chester     L. 
poral  Lloyde  Burger.  Claggett. 


370 McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WO  ELD    WAR 

"THE  GIRLS  OF   '61" 
(By  Mrs.  Sue  A.  Sanders.) 

When  on  April  15,  1861,  Gen.  Anderson  and  his  men  marched  out 
of  Fort  Sumter,  the  greatest  war  of  modern  times,  up  to  that  period, 
had  begun,  and  the  question  was,  Shall  there  be  one  or  two  republics 
in  North  America?  The  people  of  the  U.  S.  were  divided  on  the  subject 
of  slavery,  both  divisions  deprecating  war.  But  one  of  them  would 
rather  make  war  than  that  the  nation  should  continue  as  it  was;  the 
other  would  accept  war  rather  than  let  it  perish. 

The  first  gun  had  been  fired  and  the  peace  of  our  country  severed. 
Our  men  and  boys  were  called  to  arms  in  defense  of.  the  union,  and 
the  women  were  called  to  a  duty  they  had  never  before  assumed  or 
experienced;  a  work  that  extended  from  the  cradle  to  the  grave;  for 
many  families  were  left  helpless  as  well  as  destitute  when  the  call  to 
arms  came.  On  the  Sunday  following  the*  declaration  of  war,  Kev.  C. 
G.  Ames,  pastor  of  fthe  Unitarian  church,  preached  a  powerful  sermon 
on  "What  will  become  of  the  Republic?"  This  speech  was  pronounced 
by  various  papers  of  the  country  as  the  "shadow  of  the  keystone  of 
liberty."  Mr.  Ames  was  solicited  to  repeat  the  speech  in  many  cities 
and  it  was  greeted  with  applause.  Mr.  Price,  pastor  of  the  Second  Pres- 
byterian church,  also  preached  a  most  enthusiastic  sermon,  which  met 
with  some  opposition  by  some  members  of  his  church,  yet  he  flinched 
not. 

In  July,  1861,  200,000  boys  and  men  had  enlisted  for  defense  and 
been  ordered  to  the  front.  It  was  very  warm  in  the  south,  and 
many  of  the  men  were  sick  and  in  ill-prepared  hospitals.  The  women 
needed  no  special  invitation  to  respond  to  the  demand  for  hospital  sup- 
plies. When  the  first  call  was  made,  McLean  county  boys  responded 
nobly  and  at  once  began  to  drill  for  service.  The  boys  of  the  Normal 
university  secured  an  old  cannon  and  placed  it  on  the  campus.  A  play 
was  given  in  Normal  hall  entitled  "The  Goddess  of  Liberty."  It  was 
a  great  occasion  and  attended  by  a  large  crowd.  The  president  of  the 
school,  Charles  E.  Hovey,  and  three  of  the  teachers  had  enlisted,  and 
the  boys  of  the  school  were  drilling  as  if  actual  war  had  begun.  There 
were  some  students  from  the  border  states  who  entered  the  university 
to  escape  the  draft  in  their  homes.  They  were  tainted  with  disloyalty, 
and  many  exciting  episodes  resulted  as  these  clashed  with  loyal  students. 

On  August  22,  1861,  there  was  an  immediate  call  for  help  in  hospitals. 
On  November  21  a  meeting  was  held  in  Phoenix  hall  to  organize  the 
women  for  relief  work.  At  this  meeting  the  Odd  Fellows  of  Blooming- 
ton  offered  their  hall  to  the  women  in  which  to  carry  on  the  work,  and 
also  gave  $250  to  begin  with.  John  F.  Humphreys  tendered  the  back 
end  of  his  store  on  Front  street  for  canning,  pickling,  and  preserving 
for  the  camps  and  hospitals.  Mrs.  George  Bradner  was  elected  president 
of  the  Aid  society,  Mrs.  Hannah  Newell,  secretary;  both  resigned  as 
officers  at  the  next  meeting,  when  Mrs.  Goodman  Ferre  was  elected 
president,  .Mrs.  Martha  Ward,  vice  president  and  Mrs.  Newell,  secretary, 
all  of  whom  served  to  the  end  of  the  war.  The  older  members  of  the 
Aid  society  held  most  of  the  offices  and  were  responsible  for  the  de- 
partments ,T>f  service.  They  arranged  the  work  and  attended  to  shipping. 
The  girls  of, ^61  did  all  the  soliciting  in  what  time  they  had  out  of 
school  and  on  Saturdays.  They  scraped  lint,  wound  bandages  made  of 
old  muslin  and  linen,  wound  yarn,  knit  socks  and  mittens  with  a  short 
thumb,  and  ran  ^errands.  To  them  was  assigned  the  duty  of  soliciting 
through  the  city  and  country  on  Saturdays  and  after  school  for  supplies 
of  all  kinds.  Saturdays  was  set  apart  to  solicit  vegetables,  fruit,  etc., 
in  the  country.  There  were  dinners,  suppers,  festivals,  banquets,  so- 
ciables, excursions,  dances,  picnics  and  many  other  affairs  for  raising 
money  to  carry  on  the  work  of  the  Aid,  and  the  girls  of  '61  had  the 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 371 

arrangements  to  make  for  all  these.  They  also  collected  books  and 
magazines  for  camps  and  hospitals.  Farmers  brought  supplies  to  town 
and  left  them  at  Humphreys'  store,  where  the  girls  sliced,  peeled  and 
prepared  them  for  sending.  After  they  were  put  into  barrels,  kegs,  etc., 
they  were  covered  with  what  was  called  high  wines,  from  Pcoria,  which 
made  them  very  palatable  to  the  soldiers.  Bloomington  had  neither  the 
population  nor  the  wealth  in  '61  that  it  has  today,  and  there  were  no 
government  supplies  nor  Red  Cross  headquarters  where  the  girls  could 
find  up-to-date  machines  for  doing  the  work  for  the  Aid.  The  Girls  of 
'61  had  many  problems.  Disloyalty  met  them  on  every  side.  Many 
in  the  north  had  southern  ties,  and  expressed  their  sympathy  for  that 
cause.  When  patriotic  meetings  were  held  and  loyalty  badges  were 
worn,  the  southern  sympathizers  sometimes  tore  them  off,  and  on  one 
occasion  they  even  rotten-egged  the  girls  of  '61. 

The  girls  of  '61  also  visited  afflicted  families  to  relieve  broken  hearts 
and  do  other  acts  of  mercy.  To  them,  too,  was  assigned  the  duty  of 
meeting  all  trains  bearing  soldiers,  either  union  or  rebel,  and  of  serving 
lunches  to  them,  irrespective  of  politics  or  color.  When  the  bodies  of 
soldiers  were  brought  home  for  burial,  it  was  a  duty  of  the  girls  to 
follow  them  to  their  last  resting  place. 

It  was  not  the  death  knell  which  called  to  the  girls  of  '61  together 
in  1917,  but  rather  the  lack  of  good  knitters.  Many  women  wasted 
efforts  through  lack  of  proper  instruction.  At  a  certain  gathering  I 
saw  a  patriotic  young  woman  thus  wasting  her  energies,  and  I  remarked 
to  a  good  friend  of  mine,  and  a  good  knitter,  "If  we  had  the  girls  of 
'61  here  we  could  show  them  how  to  knit,  and  I  am  going  to  organize 
them  for  service."  The  meeting  was  called  at  the  Withers  library  No- 
vember 14,  1917,  and  a  goodly  number  of  the  old  girls  responded,  all 
anxious  to  renew  the  work  of  '61- '65.  The  only  qualification  for  mem- 
bership was  having  done  some  kind  of  relief  work  in  the  civil  war. 
Not  long  after  the  war  .of  the  rebellion,  the  veterans  of  the  war  or- 
ganized the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  and  their  wives,  mothers  and 
(laughters  formed  the  Woman 's  Relief  Corps.  Ever  since  that  time  the 
two  organizations  have  met  together  in  conventions  and  celebrations. 
The  Woman's  Relief  Corps  during  the  half  century  have  assisted  in 
all  honorable  ways  to  give  relief  to  the  soldiers  of  '61  and  their  fami- 
lies. Homes  and  orphanages  to  care  for  the  widows  and  children  of 
soldiers  have  been  established.  Burial  lots  have  been  located  for  the 
resting  place  of  the  loyal  man  or  woman  without  relatives  at  his  death. 
Each  year  on  Memorial  Day  these  women  follow  the  flag  and  muffled 
drum  to  the  graves,  the  tell-tales  of  the  patriotic  past. 

At  the  first  meeting  of  the  "Old  Girls  of  '61"  held  in  the  Odd 
Fellows  Temple,  I  stood  in  the  hall  near  the  elevator  to  welcome  the 
women,  veterans  of  the  war  of  '61,  I  observed  that  the  custodian  Mr. 
Storer,  was  a  little  confused  as  to  the  object  of  the  meeting.  Aside  I 
said,  "Do  you  know  who  these  women  are?"  He  replied,  "A  lot  of 
old  women,  I  suppose,  to  sew  and  have  a  good  time."  He  certainly 
was  right  about  the  good  time.  And  later  he  observed  that  it  was 
not  a  gossiping  crowd.  I  said  to  him,  "These  are  the  women  who  were 
the  young  girls  of  1861,  who  thru  the  war  of  the  rebellion  worked  along 
all  lines  of  duty  and  sacrifice  for  the  soldiers  and  their  destitute  fami- 
ilies.  Now  they  are  the  young  "Girls  of  '61"  and  the  Old  girls  of 
1917  who  are  again  organized  to  work  for  soldiers  of  the  Allied  war," 
Not  strange  to  say,  his  attitude  changed;  there  was  a  deep  patriotic 
smile  on  his  face  as  I  passed  on.  Soon  after  he  came  into  the  hall  bring- 
ing with  him  a  glass-framed  autograph  of  the  Odd  Fellows  Orphans' 
Home  boys  of  Lincoln.  He  said,  "I  assure  you  the  Odd  Fellows  of 
Bloomington  take  pleasure  in  tendering  to  you  the  use  of  their  hall  in 
behalf  of  the  girls  of  1861-1917,  who  after  sixty  years  are  again  called 
to  service  in  a  second  war  for  the  cause  of  justice  and  liberty." 


372  McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 

Many  of  the  members  of  the  organization  were  unable  to  attend  the 
meetings,  yet  in  their  easy  rockers  in  quiet  homes  did  much  knitting 
and  piecing  of  quilts,  comforts,  etc.,  while  memory  dwelt  upon  the 
scenes  and  sorrows  of  the  past  not  forgotten  thru  all  the  sixty  years. 
Many  were  the  tears  which  trickled  down  the  wrinkled  cheeks  as  they 
recalled  the  messages  from  the  battlefields,  hospitals,  and  worst  of  all 
the  southern  prison  pens,  for  many  were  the  soldiers  of  the  north  who 
suffered,  starved  and  died,  who  might  otherwise  have  been  wearing  the 
badge  of  the  G.  A.  E.  for  the  past  fifty  years. 

When  the  first  call  came  for  hospital  supplies  in  1917,  the  Girls 
made  over  100  glasses  of  jelly  for  the  Bed  Cross,  which  was,  at  first  re- 
jected lest  there  might  bo  some  poison  through  some  unknown  way. 
But  it  was  afterward  sent  with  that  of  the  D.  A.  E.  This  was  only  the 
beginning  of  what  might  have  been  sent  had  it  again  been  requested. 

The  war  work  of  the  Girls  of  1861  was  a  renewal  of  their  youthful 
patriotism,  and  their  meetings  were  the  revival  of  the  sad  yet  happy 
days  of  long  ago.  While  it  might  have  been  and  was  the  duty  to  again 
ply  the  needles,  which  is  possible  if  not  probable,  I  am  fully  assured 
by  the  last  meeting  and  farewells  of  the  Girls  of  1861  and  1917,  that 
should  the  third  call  come  for  help,  those  still  living  will  renew  their 
patriotic  work  for  the  defenders  of  our  flag  and  country,  and  I  also 
believe  that  the  Odd  Fellows  Hall  will  be  just  as  freely  and  courteously 
donated  as  in  the  days  of  '61  and  1917. 

The  roster  of  the  members  of  the  Girls  of   '61  was  as  follows: 

A. — Emma  Peters  Abrams,  Catherine  Guthrie  Atkinson,  Elizabeth 
Anderson,  Josephine  Sears  Armstrong,  Sue  Waters  Andrus,  Mary  E. 
Whittaker  Albright,  Amanda  Williams  Aldrich. 

B. — Mary  Seymour  Brown,  Elizabeth  Kern  Beath,  Mary  Eliza  Carl- 
ton  Bragonier,  Jeanette  Lee  Blackwell,  Mary  Miller  Bowman,  Helen 
Walton  Bradley,  Almira  Ives  Burnham,  Isadore  E.  Buttolph  Brown, 
Susan  Beard  Blackwell,  Mary  Alice  Bishop,  Mary  Ann  Martin  Brindley, 
Mrs.  Bramwell,  Eebecca  Dell  Thrasher  Burr,  'Sabina  Hibbs  Benedict, 
Maria  E.  Platt  Burke,  Harriet  Cheney  Bishop,  Marilla  Tilton  Barnes, 
Anna  Middleton  Baldwin,  Sara  Dolbard  Bomgardner,  Mary  Jones  Brind- 
ley, Druella  Stratton  Burner,  Ada  McClure  Briggs. 

C. — Maria  Guest  Cadwallader,  Anna  Eeid  Coblentz,  Emma  Bozarth 
Coleman,  Emily  Little  Carlton,  Catherine  Hendryx  Crigley,  Elizabeth 
Lowe  Crawford,  Effie  Marshall  Clark,  Malissa  Taylor  Coleman,  Martha 
Canfield,  Edith  Cruikshank,  Elizabeth  Eowley  Cotterman,  Lucy  Kingman 
Cowden,  Jennie  E.  Judy  Curry,  Belle  M.  Crowdcr  Cassaday,  Anna  Warner 
Chapman,  Emma  Eouse  Cox,  Amarilla  Madden  Carter,  Sara  Keiser  Cruik- 
shank, Martha  J.  Canfield. 

D. — Jane  Smith  Drake,  Sara  A.  Scibird  Dagenhart,  Sarah  Crabarns 
Disbro,  Emma  Hardesty  Depew,  Mary  Eegina  Peters  Dawson,  Mary 
Newell  Deal,  Annie  Schumaker  Dixon,  Elizabeth  Jane  Eedding  Deits, 
Ella  Hughes  Drybread,  Clara  Davis,  Sarah  Newell  Dickinson,  Katherine 
Hayes  Doyle. 

E. — Mary  L.  Parke  Evans,  Laura  Strimple  Enlow,  Elizabeth  Black- 
burn Eaton,  Minerva  Ealston  Eyestone,  S.  J.  Hougham  Eades,  Ellen 
Edwards,  Louise  A.  Cheney  Ehrmantrout. 

F. — Cornelia  Deems  Fox,  Gertrude  Lewis  Fifer,  Lucretia  Clarkson 
Faulk,  Minerva  Fielder,  Pauline  Stewart  Fry,  Harriet  Hemming  Frank- 
enberger. 

G. — Elizabeth  Hall  Galloway,  Susie  Wheeler  Gossard,  Mary  Ives 
Gage,  Abbie  Albright  Griffin,  Mary  Hibbs  Glimpse,  Henrietta  Peters 
Gailey,  Mary  Eachel  Lorsen  Gabbert,  Theresa  Clark  Gibbs,  Caroline 
Carson  Guthrie,  Henrietta  Jones  Goetz. 

H. — Frances  Plummer  Hill,  Laura  Von  Egidy  Holmes,  Mattie  Ar- 
nold Harvey,  Sarah  Wills  Hayden,  Marie  Anthony  Hazenwinkle,  Elsie 
Coole  Hastings,  Carrie  Eathie  Hindman,  Ellen  Eouse  Hodge,  Martha 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 373 

Crum  Gaddis  Hazelton,  Minerva  Arnold  Hopkins,  Ida  Hinshaw  Hull,  Miss 
Addie  Humes,  Kate  Hullinger,  Addie  Hunter,  Louise  McKnight  Hapenny, 
Louise  Moulton  Hill,  Sara  Kowley  Hullinger,  Mrs.  Hostetler. 

I. — Miss   Nellie  Ives. 

J. — Anna  M.  Hampcrton  Jones,  Josephine  Nessenger  John,  Laura 
Bowman  Johnston. 

K. — Halley  Bessy  Sharick  Knapp,  Caroline  Jackman  Kimball,  Jennie 
Moon  Killow,  Laura  Tenny  Kerrison,  Belle  Dunham  Kerr,  Edith  Pack- 
ard Kelly,  Sara  Lafever  Prather  Barley  Killow. 

L. — Laura  Veach  Lutz,  Mary  White  Lewis,  Mary  Boulware  Lain, 
Cordelia  Reynolds  Livingston,  Letitia  Garretson  Lander,  June  Allin  Len- 
non,  Carrie  Gillespie  Loudon,  Louise  Lander,  Mrs.  Lyons,  Eoxie  Van 
Eankin  La  Tcer,  Sara  Frances  Reeder  Lawrence. 

M. — Annie  Whipple  Murray,  Margaret  Hoffman  Moore,  Myra  Mor- 
ris Moore,  Martha  Hibbs  McClure,  Mary  Nicholson  McCart,  Henrietta 
Braum  McCabe,  Jean  Jones  McKnight,  Martha  Wheeler  McCollom,  Lucy 
Kramer  Mantle,  Isa  Baldwin  Murphy,  Kate  Herr  Smith  Mott,  Mary 
Elliott  McCarty,  Lillian  Van  Schoick  Miner,  Martha  White  McCullom, 
Hattie  Steele  Mason,  Mary  A.  Lewis  Means,  Laura  Howe  Michel,  Zerelda 
Battcrton  Moon. 

N. — Mary  Deal  Newell,  Mary  Ehrmantrout  Nourse. 

P. — Carrie  Boon  Pope,  Mary  Elizabeth  Peterson,  Catherine  Beltzer 
Pierson,  Margaret  Baker  Packard,  Sarah  Stanfolk  Pope,  Elaine  Caroline 
Peer. 

R. — Mary  Bcdinger  Reeves,  Isabel  Hutchinson  Reynolds,  Clara  Cox 
Rockwell,  Elizabeth  Burgess  Reed,  Kate  Law  Richards,  Sara  Stubble- 
field  Rayburn,  Jennie  C.  Rundle. 

S. — Mary  Dietrich  Sprague,  Isabella  Brown  Sickles,  Martha  Sley 
Scott,  Laura  Burbank  Strimple,  Margaret  Platte  Stone,  Minerva  Fielder 
Steele,  Ella  Hart  Shay  Spear. 

T.— Martha  A.  Rockwood  Tay. 

W. — Minerva  Smith  Warnock  Webb,  Amanda  Belle  Savage  Weaver, 
Minerva  Rodman  Welch,  Belle  Lemon  Welch,  Dora  Drake  Weaver. 


BROUGHT  DOWN  GERMAN   PLANE 

Lieut.  Donald  T.  Jones,  son  of  C.  D.  Jones  of  Leroy,  made  a  good 
record  in  the  aviation  service.  On  November  3,  1918,  he  shot  down  one 
German  Folker  plane  in  a  combat  over  the  hostile  line.  The  official 
credit  for  this  performance  was  contained  in  the  following  citation,  a 
copy  of  which  he  brought  home  with  him: 
Base  Section  No.  5.  B.  E.  F.,  A.  P.  O.  314. 

November  7,  1918. 

Special  Order  No.  61. 

12.  Lieut.  Donald  T.  Jones,  is  credited  with  having  brought  down 
one  Folker  in  combat,  November  3,  1918,  at  6:50  o'clock,  while  patrol- 
ing  northeast  of  Renaix. 

Harry  Murray,  Adjutant, 
155th  Pursuit  Group, 
British  Expeditionary  Forces. 

Young  Jones  entered  the  service  in  January,  1918.  He  received 
preliminary  training  at  Berkley,  Calif.,  and  Arcadia,  Fla.,  receiving  his 
commission  at  the  latter  place.  In  October,  1918,  he  was  sent  overseas 
and  assigned  to  a  B.-itish  army,  along  with  75  other  flyers.  He  reached 
France  on  October  24  arid  was  at  once  sent  to  the  front  near  Renaix,  in 
Flanders.  He  was  at  the  front  14  days  before  the  armistice  and  in 
that  time  got  the  chance  to  bring  down  an  enemy  plane,  which  he  is 
officially  credited  with  having  done.  After  his  discharge  he  returned 
to  Leroy. 


374  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


WORLD  WAR  VETERANS 

There  was  organized  in  Bloomington  during  the  winter  and  spring 
of  1920  a  local  post  of  World  War  Veterans,  an  organization  composed 
of  service  men  as  its  name  indicates.  It  was  named  the  Hauptman, 
Morgan,  Conley  Post,  from  the  names  of  three  Bloomington  men  who 
had  been  slain  in  battle.  These  men  were  Joseph  A.  Hauptman,  David 
Thomas  Morgan,  and  Eugene  Conley.  Sketches  of  these  men  are  to 
be  found  in  the  chapter  of  this  book  containing  the"  stories  of  those 
who  died  in  the  war.  The  first  list  of  officers  for  the  post  were  these: 
Commander,  W.  F.  Witty;  senior  vice  commander,  Robert  Swit/er; 
junior  vice  commander,  E.  P.  Downey;  chaplain,  Lee  Crosland;  adjutant, 
William  A.  Sammon;  quartermaster,  Arthur  Garbe.  The  board  of  trus- 
tees were:  William  J.  Hull,  J.  P.  Murray  and  Wade  H.  Fielder.  The 
post  holds  monthly  meetings.  The  principles  on  which  the  organization 
was  founded  are  given  in  the  following  statement,  the  first  clause  of 
which  stated  that  the  members  would  not  participate  in  a  national 
convention  prior  to  June  1,  15)20: 

2.  We  stand  opposed  to  any  form  of  compulsory  military  training 
in  the  United   States  of  America. 

3.  We  endorse  the  rights  of  collective  bargaining  by  truly  repre- 
sentative  groups   of   all  productive    industry;     we  will  not   endorse  any 
political   parties. 

4.  We,  the  World  War  Veterans,  individually  and  collectively,  shall 
at  all  times  of  crisis,  either  local  or  national,  encourage  dignity,  calm- 
ness, justice   and   peaceful   settlements.      In    time    of   crisis,    either   local 
or  national,  the  World  War  Veterans  will  extend  the  assistance  of  their 
organization  to  the  whole  peoples  of  the  community,  state  or  nation. 

5.  We   demand   for   all  the   peoples  the   rights   of  free   speech  and 
peaceful  assemblage  as  written  into  the  constitution  of  the  United  States 
of  America,  except  that  such  license  must  not  be  used  by  such  person 
as  would  use  such  license  to  overthrow  the   United   States  government 
by  violence  or  force. 

6.  We  endorse  the  principles  set  forth  in  the  woman  suffrage  bill 
as  past  by  congress. 

7.  For  the   guidance  of  our   elected  representatives  in  the   United 
States  congress  we  endorse  the  fourteen  points  we  fought  for  and  upon 
which  the  armistice  was  agreed   and  signed. 

8.  Nationalization   of  all  oil  and  coal  lands  and   all   oil  wells  and 
coal   mines.      We    endorse   public    ownership   of   unavoidable   monopolies. 

9.  We,   the   World   War  Veterans,   oppose   any   declaration   of   war 
without   first    submitting  the   issue   to   the   people   of   the   United   States 
of  America,  except  in  c,"se  of  invasion  by  armed  forces  of  the  territory 
of  the  United  States  of  Arnerica. 

10.  In  event  of  war,  all  profits  made  by  any  individual  or  corpo- 
ration,   over    and    above    such    profit    made    by    any    such    individual    or 
corporation,  in  the  year  prior  to  such  declaration  of  war,  shall  be  paid 
to   the   United    States   government    by   any   and    all    such    individuals   or 
corporations   during  the   period   of  the   said    war  and   become   the   prop- 
erty of  the  United  States  government. 

11.  The  constitution  of  the  United  States  of  America  to  be  amended 
only  by  a  direct  vote  of  all  the  people.     In  case  of  national  crisis  the 
suffrage    to    be    extended    to    all    franchised    citizens    absent    from    their 
place  of  residence  due  to  government  duties. 

12.  The   enforcement   of  the  constitution   of   the   United   States   of 
America  as  it   is  written. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOBLD    WAR  375 

PAUL  F.   BEICH 

One  of  the  men  who  was  most  active  in  different  war  projects  in 
Bloomington  was  Paul  F.  Beich,  head  of  the  Paul  F.  Beich  Company, 
and  one  of  the  largest  business  men  of  the  city.  He  runs  two  concerns 
for  the  wholesale  manufacture  of  candy,  one  in  Bloomington  and  one 
in  Chicago,  and  in  addition  was  chosen  national  president  of  the  National 
Confectioners  Association.  In  spite  of  all  these  interests, •  Mr.  Beich 
during  the  years  1917  and  1918,  devoted  many  of  his  days  and  nights 
to  promoting  one  after  another  of  the  enterprises  designed  to  help  win 


the  war.  He  was  chairman  of  the  membership  committee  of  the  McLean 
County  Chapter  of  the  Eed  Cross,  and  in  this  capacity  he  directed  two 
of  the  greatest  drives  of  the  war,  for  the  purpose  of  increasing  the  mem- 
bership of  the  Red  Cross.  That  lie  was  successful  is  shown  in  the  fact 
that  from  an  initial  membership  of  174  persons  when  the  chapter  was 
organized,  the  numbers  grew  until  they  reached  a  maximum  of  nearly 
15,000,  or  one  person  in  every  five  in  the  county.  Mr.  Beich  was  also 
very  active  in  the  different  Liberty  Loan  campaigns,  serving  as  chairman 
of  precinct  committees  in  several  of  them.  In  all  his  effort  for  war  work, 
he  was  of  course  assisted  by  many  willing  co-workers,  who  had  confidence 
in  his  ability  and  energy  to  put  "over  the  top"  any  proposition  which 
he  undertook.  In  the  conduct  of  his  own  business,  which  was  a  large 
consumer  of  one  of  the  materials  most  under  the  restriction  of  conserva- 
tion, namely  sugar,  he  managed  to  carry  on  the  business  without  inter- 
ruption, furnishing  employment  to  many  people  and  thus  in  that  way 
helping  to  carry  the  war  burdens  of  others.  The  employes  of  the  Paul 
F.  Beich  company  were  a  patriotic  company,  and  one  of  the  red  letter 
days  of  the  war  with  them  was  the  occasion  of  a  flag  raising  with  due 
ceremonies,  when  Mr.  Beich  addressed  them.  Community  sings  and  other 
patriotic  exercises  were  carried  on  at  intervals  in  the  factory  itself, 
the  employes  assembling  at  the  noon  hour  for  that  purpose.  Mr.  Beich 
gave  liberally  of  his  own  income  toward  every  worthy  war  subscription, 
and  in  every  way  assisted  the  community  in  its  struggle  toward  the  final 
victory. 


376 McLEAN    CPU  NTT   AND    THE    WOULD    WAE 

SOLEMN,  IMPRESSIVE  MEMORIAL  SERVICE 

On  May  30,  1919,  the  first  observance  of  Memorial  Day  in  Bloom- 
ington  after  the  return  home  of  most  of  the  men  who  had  been  in  ser- 
vice in  the  years  1917-18,  there  was  held  in  St.  Mary's  cemetery,  the 
Catholic  burial  ground  in  Bloomington,  a  most  unusual  and  impressive 
solemn  high  mass  for  the  dead  soldiers  whose  resting  place  was  there. 
A  spacious  platform  served  as  the  sanctuary.  Upon  it  were  seated  two 
hundred  soldiers  and  sailors  in  uniform,  120  altar  boys,  the  choirs  of 
the  three  Bloomington  parishes  and  a  full  orchestra  for  accompaniment 
to  the  music  of  the  mass. 

The  mass  followed  a  parade  of  soldiers,  Knights  of  Columbus  and 
men  of  the  parishes,  headed  by  the  Bloomington  band.  Dan  Connor  was 
marshal  and  he  with  James  Flavin,  Grand  Knight  of  the  Knights  of 
Columbus,  led  the  procession,  which  marched  from  Holy  Trinity  to  the 
cemetery. 

Forty  sisters  from  the  three  parishes  of  Bloomington  sat  before 
the  platform.  Behind  them  the  crowds  closed  in.  Father'  O  'Callaghan 
was  aided  in  the  service  by  Father  Julius  as  deacon  and  Father  Hayden 
of  Wapella,  as  sub-deacon.  Father  Medcalf  was  the  master  of  cere- 
monies and  introduced  Father  Sammon,  of  Peoria,  when  the  time  came 
for  the  address. 

The  priests  were  clad  in  golden  chasubles  and  performed  their  cere- 
monies before  an  altar  of  filmy  white  set  with  a  few  golden  candle- 
sticks. The  dazzling  canopy  contrasted  strongly  to  the  gray-green  foli- 
age of  the  box  elders  in  the  rear.  The  120  altar  boys  were  dressed  in 
cassock  and  surplice.  On  opposite  sides  of  the  rostrum  were  the  Ameri- 
man  flag  and  the  crucifix  held  by  a  sailor  and  soldier  respectively. 
Grouped  at  the  left  of  the  platform  were  the  vivid  service  banners  of 
St.  Mary's,  Holy  Trinity  and  St.  Patrick's,  Knights  of  Columbus  and 
of  the  Colfax  church.  Several  gold  stars  were  to  be  seen  glowing  in 
the  sunlight  among  the  blue  stars  of  the  banners. 

The  choir  of  sixty  sang  Eosewig's  mass.  Their  united  voices  car- 
ried easily  to  uttermost  parts  of  the  congregation.  AVhen  the  chorus 
ceased  and  the  chant  of  Father  O 'Callaghan  rose  from  the  altar  into 
the  air  the  crowd  hushed  to  catch  the  accent  and  meaning  of  his  song. 

After  the  mass  Father  Sammon,  a  former  Bloomington  boy,  ad- 
vanced to  the  front  of  the  platform  and  addressed  the  crowd  upon  the 
principles  of  patriotism  and  the  meaning  of  Decoration  Day. 


SPECIAL  RECRUITING  SERVICE 

Dr.  H.  W.  Grote  was  the  Bloomington  and  Central  Illinois  repre- 
sentative of  the  Military  Training  Camps  association  before  the  war, 
and  during  the  period  of  the  war  he  turned  his  office  into  headquarters 
for  recruiting  men  for  special  service.  What  was  accomplished  is  shown 
in  the  following  report  issued  at  the  close  of  the  war: 

Men  examined  for  the  first  officers'  training  camp  100;  number 
accepted,  27. 

Number  of  men  examined  for  the  second  officers'  training  camp,  65; 
number  accepted  25. 

Number  of  applications  for  commissions  sent  into  war  department 
or  to  military  training  association,  40;  number  of  men  accepted,  12. 

Number  of  applications  for  motor  service  received  by  quartermas- 
ter department  thru  this  office,  100. 

Number  of  mail  inquiries  answered  71.  Number  of  personal  in- 
quiries 453. 

Number  of  candidates  given  preliminary  training,  54. 

Aviators  placed,  7;  to  the  English  army,  2;  to  the  American  tank 
service,  11. 

Published  notices  to  the  papers,  30. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WO  ELD    WAR 


377 


378 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


HcLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


379 


TWO  EED  CROSS  DRIVES  AT  A  GLANCE 
(June,  1917,  and  May,  1918) 

City  First  and  Second  Drives  County   First  am 

Second 
war  fund 
assess- 
ment 

Anchor    $    1,112 

Arrowsmith     ..       1,178 

Bellflower 1,541 

Carlock     798 

Chenoa    2,587 

Coif  ax 2,029 

C'ooksville     .  .  .      1,537 

Covel    633 

Cropsey    752 

Danvers    1,960 

Downs     1,679 

Dry   Grove   ..  .      1,237 
Ellsworth     .  .  .       1,207 

Gridley     2,379 

Heyworth     .  .  .      2,442 

Holder    1,683 

Hudson     1,425 

Leroy    3,567 

Lexington     .  .  .      2,508 
Lawndale    ....          910 

McLean     2,032 

Merna     874 

Money     Creek.       1,098 

Normal    5,978 

Saybrook    ....       1,887 

Shirley      633 

Stanford     1,174 

Towanda    ....          874 

Weston     999 

West  Tp 1,504 

Bloomington  Tp.    2,537 
Bloomington     .    31,000 


Amount 

raised 

Amount 

in  first 

Preeincl 

Quota 

raised     war  fund 

i  

.$3,000 

$2,550.00 

$1,570 

2    

,    2,500 

2,754.25 

1,323 

3    

,    1,500 

1,568.00 

1,121 

4    

500 

212.90 

100 

5    

200 

No  report 

130 

6    

250 

312.50 

250 

7    

150 

104.10 

73 

8    

600 

800.00 

603 

9   

750 

663.00 

617 

]  0    

5,000 

4,875.00 

3,080 

11  

3,000 

2,849.00 

1,910 

12    , 

1,200 

2,036.35 

1,150 

13    

250 

192.00 

256 

14    

200 

220.00 

160 

15    

400 

419.50 

226 

16    

500 

582.00 

312 

17    

1,000 

550.00 

1,025 

18    

3,500 

3,210.00 

1,980 

20    

300 

409.55 

195 

21    

750 

690.00 

615 

22    

200 

265.25 

130 

23    

4,000 

2,500.00 

1,900 

24    

1,600 

2,220.00 

1,650 

25    

3,000 

2,382.50 

1,600 

26    

750 

759.25 

375 

27   

300 

210.00 

150 

28    

300 

456.15 

234 

29    

450 

736.70 

450 

30    

800 

No  report 

310 

0.    &    A. 

Federation 

1,000.00 

Wesleyan 

fund 

183.00 

Second 

Drives 

Amount 
raised 
in  second 
war  fund 

$1,182.00 

Amount 
raised 
first  war 
fund 

$1,024 

1,250.00 

1,065 

1,541.00 

1,278 

719.00 

2,650.00 

2,008 

2,030.00 

2,376 

1,820.00 

1,320 

675.00 

443 

752.00 

299 

1,960.00 

1,420 

1,445.50 

1,676 

1,489.10 

993 

1,060.00 

1,104 

2,380.00 

1,359 

2,550.00 

2,555 

1,350.00 

825.00 

1,135 

3,570.00 

2,603 

2,589.59 

3,670 

925.00 

5,456.75 

4,247 

875.00 

1,404.50 

5,500.00 

3,902 

2,250.00 

1,784 

1,271.00 

1,561.00 

657 

1,200.00 

1,268 

1,053.61 

633 

1,336.58 

801 

1,140.54 

38,008.95 

28,377 

Bloom'ns;fcn 
total 


McLean  Co.  total 


$93,812.12 


MARK  BODELL  IN  VAUDEVILLE 

After  the  armistice,  while  American  forces  were  holding  positions 
in  France  and  Germany,  Mark  Bodell,  son  of  Eev.  W.  A.  Bodell  of 
Bloomington,  got  into  a  rather  unusual  line  of  work  in  the  army.  In 
a  letter  dated  from  Gondrccourt  on  March  1,  1919,  he  wrote: 

"For  the  past  three  months  I  have  been  associated  with  the  ad- 
vance section  entertainers  organized  by  the  Red  Cross.  The  entertain- 
ment opens  with  a  half  hour  of  rapid  fire  minstrel,  followed  by  seven 
vaudeville  acts.  I  have  a  seat  in  the  semi-circle  of  the  minstrel  and  a 
cartoon  act  of  my  own  in  the  vaudeville.  We  have  made  quite  a  repu- 
tation for  a  snappy  clean  show,  having  every  detail  worked  out  to  the 
seconds.  For  instance,  the  total  minutes  of  curtain  waits  for  the  entire 
show  is  six  minutes.  This  entire  week  we  are  playing  the  88th  Divi- 
sion. To  my  great  surprise,  as  I  came  out  of  the  mess  hall  yesterday, 
I  ran  into  Glenn  Walley.  He  is  the  second  one  I  have  met  from  Bloom- 
ington, that  I  know,  in  all  my  twenty  months  of  army  life.  The  other 
Bloomington  fellow  I  met  was  Wilbur  Youngman,  whom  I  saw  at  Toul, 
while  playing  there." 


380 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

MT.   HOPE   MADE   RECORD 

No  part  of  McLean  County  wrote  a  more  heroic  record  of  deeds 
in  the  war  than  did  Mt.  Hope  township,  the  village  of  McLean  and 
vicinity.  Eight  gold  stars  represented  the  young  men  of  t'hat  part  of 
the  county  who  died  in  the  war.  One  of  the  most  impressive  scenes 
of  the  whole  county's  war  history  was  the  dedication  on  December  3, 
1917,  of  the  new  community  hall  and  library,  when  a  climax  of  the 
occasion  was  reached  in  the  presentation  of  service  flags  to  members 
of  every  family  having  boys  in  the  army  and  navy.  Some  flags  had 
one  star,  some  two,  some  three,  and  one  had  four,  representing  the  four 
sons  of  Isaac  Burger  in  the  war,  one  of  them  afterward  being  killed. 
Rev.  Edgar  DeWitt  Jones  of  Bloomington  made  the  presentations. 

In  making  the  campaigns  for  liberty  loans  and  different  war  work 
funds,  Mt.  Hope  and  Funk's  Grove  generally  worked  together  as  one 
unit,  and  always  made  their  quota  and  more.  Here  are  the  figures  of 
the  liberty  loan  drives: 

Subscrip- 
Drive  Quota  tion 

1.  (Mt.  Hope  and  Funk 's  Grove) $32,000 

2.  (Mt.  Hope  and  Funk 's  Grove) 80,150 

3 $8(5,076         107,850 

4 82,618  96,000 

5 64,000  82,100 

There  are  no  banks  in  Funk  's  Grove  township  and  no  large  center 
of  population.  Consequently  the  bank  of  McLean  was  made  the  center 
of  the  war  loan  drives.  The  two  townships  were  considered  as  a  unit 
in  many  of  the  campaigns  and  their  subscriptions  are  given  together 
below: 

Y.   M.   C.   A $    800 

United  War  Work 8,700 

First   Red   Cross 4.147 

Salvation   Army    300 

Armenian  relief    828 

A  Red  Cross  dance  brought  $1,400.  M.  E.  Hightshow  gave  the 
profits  of  his  business  for  one  week  to  the  Rod  Cross,  which  amounted 
to  $1,200.  Another  gift  to  the  war  fund  which,  tho  the  money  did  not 
go  to  the  credit  of  McLean,  belonged  in  part  to  that  town.  Mr.  Ten  Broeck 
put  up  a  heifer  calf  for  sale  in  Chicago  at  auction  for  the  Red  Cross 
and  realized  upon  it  the  sum  of  $20,000  for  war  work.  The  fourth 
Liberty  loan  was  raised  in  one  day.  The  Victory  Joan  was  realized  on 
the  first  morning  of  the  campaign  by  11:15  o'clock. 

Practically  all  subscriptions  to  the  Liberty  loans  were  voluntary. 
Isaac  Funk  and  S.  B.  Van  Ness  were  the  chairmen  who  led  the  or- 
ganization of  twenty-five  which  did  the  work.  H.  M.  Palmer  was  in 
charge  of  the  Red  Cross  and  United  War  Work  drives.  Ansel  Stubble- 
field  led  the  work  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  campaign.  The  Armenian  and 
Syrian  relief  campaign  was  made  a  success  thru  the  efforts  of  W.  N. 
Ewing.  

TWO  ASTONISHING   THINGS 

Speaking  before  the  McLean  County  Medical  Society  one  evening 
after  his  return  from  France,  Dr.  T.  D.  Cantrell,  former  captain  in  the 
military  medical  service,  said  that  there  were  two  great  sources  of 
amazement  in  France.  The  French  were  amazed  at  American  waste  of 
material,  while  the  Americans  were  amazed  at  the  French  waste  of 
time.  He  said  that  the  table  wine  of  France  has  no  "kick,"  but  that 
the  French  have  intoxicating  beverages  as  was  proved  when  the  armistice 
was  signed. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


381 


FRENCH  GIRLS  AT  THE  WESLEYAN 

During  the  school  year  of 
1918-19,  the  Wesleyan  Univer- 
sity in  Bloomington  had  as  two 
of  its  students  a  couple  of  young 
women  from  Lyons,  France. 
They  were  two  from,  a  large 
number  who  were  sent  over  to 
the  United  States  by  the  French 
government  to  carry  on  their 
education,  facilities  for  which 
were  interrupted  in  France  by 
the  war.  These  young  women 
were  Idellette  and  Annette 
Barron,  daughters  of  a  manu- 
facturer in  Lyons  who  prior  to 
the  war  had  been  very  well-to- 
do.  The  Barron  sisters  lived  at 
Kemp  hall  while  attending  Wes- 
leyan, and  were  active  in  all  the 
ordinary  affairs  of  college  life. 
They  spoke  very  good  English, 
as  well  as  being  of  course  fluent  users  of  their  native  tongue.  In  a 
published  interview  which  one  of  the  young  woman  gave  out  shortly 
after  arriving  at  Wesleyan,  she  expressed  wonder  and  surprise  at  the 
richness  of  America  and  its  comparative  freedom  from  the  pinch  of 
war,  as  compared  with  their  own  country. 


HENRY  E.  PEASE 

Corporal  Henry  Elton  Pease,  son  of  M. 
A.  Pease,  802  West  Wood  street,  Bloom- 
ington, Hd.  Co.  121,  F.  A.  P.  O.  734,  A.  E. 
F.,  saw  much  active  service.  On  the  way 
over,  his  convoy  was  attacked  by  sub- 
marines and  in  the  battle  which  followed 
two  subs  were  sunk.  In  Scotland  and 
England,  the  troops  were  given  enthusi- 
astic receptions.  From  England,  they 
went  to  France  and  spent  most  of  their 
time  on  the  Verdun  front.  The  last 
seven  weeks  of  the  war,  they  were  under 
almost  continuous  bombardment  but  he 
came  thru  without  a  scratch.  Pease  says 
that  on  the  battlefields  they  passed  over 
in  advancing,  it  appeared  there  were  ten 
dead  Germans  to  every  dead  American. 


A  PATRIOTIC   FAMILY 

Andrew  Walsh  of  Saybrook,  with  his  family,  did  their  part  in  the 
war.  The  only  son,  Rex  Roach,  went  into  the  service  early  in  the  war. 
There  were  two  sons-in-law,  Harry  Nichols  of  Saybrook  and  Harry 
Fryar  of  Onarga,  both  of  whom  went  to  France,  Fryar  being  in  the 
naval  service.  A  step-son,  Eugene  Crowley,  enlisted  in  July,  1918,  and 
was  stationed  at  Camp  Taylor.  There  was  a  baby  born  to  Mrs.  Fryar 
during  the  war,  and  the  little  one  did  not  see  his  father  till  after  he 
returned  from  service.  The  Walsh  family  provided  a  home  for  Mrs. 
Rex  Roach  diiring  the  war. 


382  McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    TEE    WOELD    WAE 


PROMINENT  IN  WAE   ACTIVITIES 


Mrs.  J.  C.  Riley 


Mrs.  J.  L.  Murray 


Frank  Oberkoetter 


Egbert  B.  Hawk 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS  383 

EMPIRE  ALWAYS  READY 

The  people  of  Leroy  and  vicinity  always  did  their  share  and  more 
in  whatever  sacrifice  the  war  called  for.  Empire  township  contributed 
its  full  quota  and  more  of  her  young  manhood  to  the  service,  and  sev- 
eral <^old  stars  adorned  her  service  flag.  At  home,  the  people  of  the 
township  subscribed  a  total  of  $391,750  to  the  different  liberty  bond 
campaigns,  and  $16,061  to  various  war  work  drives.  The  figures  are 
as  follows: 

First  Liberty  loan $  52,300 

Second   Liberty  loan 92,200 

Third    Liberty   loan 83,650 

Fourth   Liberty   loan 163,600 

Fifth    Liberty   loan 112,000 

First  Bed  Cross,  1917 2,600 

Second  Bed  Cross,  1918 3,567 

Y.   M.   C.   A. 1,855 

Salvation   Army    659 

United  War  Work   7,380 

Empire  township  never  failed  to  make  her  quota,  and  exceeded  it 
in  several  instances.  This  was  most  likely  due  to  the  good  organization 
behind  the  campaigns.  As  chairman  of  the  drives  the  following  served: 
J.  H.  Iden,  chairman  of  both  Red  Cross  drives;  George  Dooley,  chairman 
of  Liberty  loans;  Frank  Barley,  chairman  of  Y.  M.  C.  A.  and  Salvation 
Army  drives;  and  Prof.  S.  E..  LeMarr,  chairman  of  United  War  Work 
drive.  Chairmen  of  the  twenty-one  committees  were:  S.  E.  LeMarr, 
H.  E.  Buckles,  Oscar  Phares,  A.  J.  Keenan,  J.  A.  Taylor,  Frank  C. 
Barley,  C.  A.  Pierce,  L.  J.  Owen,  F.  E.  Jones,  William  Arrowsmith, 
George  Payne,  James  Mitchell,  B.  F.  Baker,  Milton  Dooley,  F.  B.  Hum- 
phrey, Charles  Null,  William  Vance,  L.  R.  Wartena,  Oliver  Smith,  H. 
H.  Crumbaugh,  George  Dooley.  The  assistants  were:  M.  A.  Cline,  Rev. 
L.  F.  Sargent,  K.  B.  Dolly,  Grant  Smith,  Ed  Wirt,  Rev.  R.  H.  Browne, 
Dr.  E.  E.  Sargent,  Lincoln  Bailey,  A.  J.  Sarver,  J.  H.  Iden,  Ed  Guard, 
J.  T.  Schumacher,  Dr.  A.  G.  Reardon,  Glenn  Patterson,  Rev.  C.  S.  Boyd, 
Canby  Barley,  Lee  Fuller,  Ray  Cain,  W.  W.  Pike,  Ed  Beckham,  George 
Payne,  Ed  Rees,  George  Shrigley,  T.  G.  Steinkie,  A.  D.  Kincaid,  John 
Howard,  J.  A.  Hair,  Z.  T.  Strayor,  A.  E.  Linton,  Harry  Kline,  Hugo 
Pfitzenmeyer,  Charles  Tyner,  Les  Sarver,  Joe  Rutledge,  L.  R.  Wartena, 
Frank  Riddle,  Frank  Bishop,  D.  F.  VanDeventer,  A.  G.  Bailey,  L.  N. 
VanDeventer,  G.  D.  Staley  and  Rev.  W.  C.  Holmes. 


FRENCH  MARKET  CLEARS  $500 

The  Sigma  Kappa  Sorority  of  the  Wesleyan  on  July  13,  1918,  suc- 
cessfully carried  out  a  "French  market"  in  a  vacant  room  of  the  Illi- 
nois hotel  building.  A  garden  cafe,  set  along  the  sidewalk  outside  the 
building,  much  after  the  fashion  of  Parisian  affairs  of  that  kind,  was 
well  patronized.  The  market  inside  and  outside  was  tastefully  decorated 
with  the  national  flags  of  France,  Belgium  and  our  own  United  States. 
A  wealth  of  flowers  arranged  among  the  booths  added  further  color  to 
the  picture. 

The  entrance  to  the  cafe  was  formed  by  the  flower  booth,  presided 
over  by  Mrs.  Jessie  Harwood,  assisted  by  Mrs.  Kern  Beath  and  Miss 
Elizabeth  Stevenson,  with  a  corps  of  flower  girls  who  circulated  about 
the  streets  asking  everyone  to  buy  the  bouquets.  The  cafe  was  in 
charge  of  Eliza  Alexander,  the  art  department  in  charge  of  Anna  Lantz, 
and  the  fruit  and  vegetable  booth  in  charge  of  Mrs.  Guy  Sloan,  Mrs. 
John  A.  Beck  and  Miss  Grace  Collins.  The  bakery  goods  were  in  charge 
of  Miss  Lorah  Monroe.  The  whole  plan  for  the  French  market  was 
conceived  and  supervised  by  an  executive  committee  of  which  Mrs. 
James  G.  Melluish  was  chairman.  The  French  market  cleared  $500, 
which  was  turned  into  the  Belgian  Relief  Fund. 


384 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


STIRRING  SCENES  OF  WAR  TIMES  RECALLED 


Above — Typical  gathering  of  young  men  and  their  friends  at  the  court 
house  on  the  morning  when  a  contingent  of  draft  men  were  to  start 
to  camp. 

Below — Parade  led  by  drum  corps  and  Grand  Army  men  escorting  draft 
contingent  to  railroad  station  to  entrain  for  camp. 


PRAISES  PROF.  RIDGLEY 

Prof.  D.  C.  Ridgley  of  the  Normal  University  faculty  spent  some 
months  in  France  in  educational  work  directed  by  the  government  for 
the  benefit  of  the  men  in  the  army.  President  Felmley  of  the  Normal 
University  afterward  received  letters  from  officers  of  the  educational 
corps  commending  Prof.  Ridgley 's  work.  F.  E.  Spaulding  wrote  in  part 
33  follows: 

"If  you  have  ever  had  any  misgivings  concerning  your  action  in 
giving  Mr.  Ridgley  leave  of  absence  for  this  work,  let  me  assure  you 
that  in  my  judgment  your  action  was  abundantly  justified  by  the  re- 
sults. In  the  face  of  all  kinds  of  difficulties,  he  has  never  hesitated, 
but  has  put  his  very  best  efforts  enthusiastically  into  the  work.  He 
will  return  to  his  former  duties  better  prepared  than  ever,  on  account 
of  his  experience  over  here,  to  render  the  excellent  service  which  I 
know  you  appreciate." 


McLKAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


385 


ROTARY  CLUB  HONOR  ROLL 

The  Rotary  Club  was  prominent  in  war  relief  work,  not  only  as  a 
club  but  also  individually,  each  member  being  active.  The  officers  of 
the  club  June  1,  1917,  to  June,  1918,  were  the  following:.  President, 


Davis  Ewing;  vice-president,  Adolph  Wochner;  secretary,  E.  Mark  Evans; 
treasurer,  Eliada  Dickinson.  The  officers  from  June  1,  1918,  to  June  1, 
1919,  were:  President,  J.  G.  Melluish;  vice-president,  Fred  Savage; 
secretary,  Sage  Kinnie;  treasurer,  Eliada  Dickinson. 


Among  the  members  who  were  in 
Dr.  Watson  Gailey 
Lieut.  H.   C.   Hawk 
Sergt.  B.  T.  Holton,  Jr. 
Lt.  Harry  H.  Howell 
Major  Dayton  Keith 
Lieut.  Julius  P.  Klemm 
Capt.  Fitch  Harwood 


the  service  were  the  following: 
Ralph  B.  McCarroll 
Major  Robert  A.  Noble 
Capt.  Horace  A.  Soper 
George  P.  Stautz 
Lieut.  Ross  Winship 
Capt.  J.  G.  Melluish 


War  histories  of  most  of  the  foregoing  will  be  found  in  full  in 
other  sections  of  this  work.  Major  Dayton  Keith  was  stationed  in  Chi- 
cago and  had  charge  of  the  district  west  of  Detroit  in  handling  Motor 
Transport  Manufacturing. 

Lieut.  H.  C.  Hawk  was  in  the  army  transport  service,  being  ad- 
vanced to  a  commission,  serving  with  credit  from  September  25,  1917, 
until  his  discharge  February  1,  1919.  Most  of  his  period  of  duty  was 
in  New  York  City  where  the  transports  commenced  and  ended  their 
voyage  overseas. 


386 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 

WESLEYAN  UNIVERSITY  AND  S.  A.   T.  C. 

Like  all  the  other  schools  of  the  country,  the  Wesleyan  university 
lost  many  of  the  young  men  from  its  classes  during  the  spring  and  fall 
of  1917,  for  they  answered  the  call  to  the  colors  and  served  in  many 
branches  of  the  army  and  navy.  Several  gold  stars  were  added  to 
Wesleyan 's  service  flag  before  the  war  was  over,  and  a  memorial  ser- 
vice after  the  close  of  the  war  took  note  of  the  following  Wesleyan 
men  who  had  died  for  liberty:  George  Herman  Anna,  Lyle  Best,  Howard 
Bolin,  Elmer  T.  Doocey,  Vergne  Greiner,  Allington  Jolly,  Sergt.  Lemuel 
Jones,  Frank  Jordan,  Henry  B.  Peckmann,  Herbert  Quarnstrom,  William 
Balston,  Maurice  Eoberts,  Edmund  W.  Sutherland. 

In  the  opening  of  the  fall  term  in  1918,  Wesleyan,  like  many  other 
colleges,  became  in  fact  a  military  academy  by  the  formation  there  of 
the  Student  Army  Training  Corps,  sponsored  and  managed  by  the  war 
department  of  the  government.  The  young  men  were  divided  into  three 
groups  according  to  age;  those  20  or  21  years  old  /would  have  remained 
only  twelve  weeks,  and  then  would  have  been  sent  to  some  Army  Offi- 
cers' Training  Camp;  those  19  would  have  remained  24  weeks,  while 
those  who  were  18  would  have  remained  36  weeks.  All  academic  work 
was  planned  on  military  lines,  and  drills  were  carried  on  certain  hours 
each  day  under  Capt.  Wheaton,  a  regular  army  officer  assigned  to  this 
camp.  Barracks  were  erected  on  the  vacant  ground  north  of  the  campus, 
at  a  cost  of  $25,000,  this  fund  being  guaranteed  by  Bloomington  busi- 
ness men,  who  were  later  reimbursed  by  the  government.  There  was 
a  great  corn  show  held  at  the  opening  of  the  barracks,  the  funds  from 
which  were  to  be  used  for  building  a  club  house  for  the  S.  A.  T.  C.  boys. 
But  the  war  ended  all  plans  on  this  line,  and  in  fact  the  armistice  came 
oef  ore  the  S.  A.  T.  C.  had  a  chance  to  show  its  true  worth  as  a  military 
asset  of  the  country.  There  were  many  disappointed  young  men  who 
were  eager  to  go  on  with  the  training  and  finally  enter  active  service. 
The  abandonment  of  the  S.  A..  T.  C.  caused  great  confusion  in  the  uni- 
versity. The  wooden  barracks  were  sold  for  $4,000  and  dismantled; 
the  military  instructors  were  dismissed  from  the  faculty  and  every- 
thing again  put  on  a  peace  basis.  The  following  is  the  list  of  young 
men  who  made  up  the  corps  of  the  Wesleyan  S.  A.  T.  C.  during  its 
short  life: 

A. — Cecil  Abrams,  Decatur;  Ira  B.  Abbott,  Mason  City;  Ivo  G. 
Augspurger,  Tiskilwa;  Morgan  Albee,  city;  Everett  Alsup,  Hadley;  Otto 
Arnold,  Donnellson;  Dean  Ashley,  city;  Homer  Austin,  Greenview. 

B. — Leslie  Calvin  Barrick,  Mackinaw;  A.  Mileham  Ballew,  Lexing- 
ton; Theodore  Bean,  city;  Irwin  Bower,  Covel;  Charles  Bower,  Covel; 
Eobert  A.  Barrack,  Decatur;  Lloyd  L.  Bell,  Easton;  Walter  Blandin, 
Eutland;  Gerald  Brown,  Wapella;  Clarence  Crusius,  city;  Edwin  Beltzho, 
Springfield;  Clarence  Buttorf,  Springfield;  Eussell  Baum,  city;  Lee 
Belzell,  Waynesville;  Eussell  W.  Bickford,  Plymouth;  Paul  W.  Bigler, 
Auburn;  Alvin  Bills,  Lexington;  Parks  Bohlander,  El  Paso;  Stephen 
Bottenberg,  city;  Vincent  V.  Brierly,  Griggsville;  Thomas  Brighan,  city; 
Verven  Buck,  Waynesville;  Homer  Brown,  New  Holland;  E.  C.  Bailey, 
Danville;  Adane  Bowles,  Clinton. 

C. — Charles  Campers,  Eoanoke;  George  Conroy,  Streator;  Byron  E. 
Closer,  Whitehall;  Melvin  G.  Comet,  Aurora;  Deiner  Condon,  city;  Dan- 
iel Dodge,  Aurora;  Lawrence  Cole,  Chicago;  Harold  T.  Carlquist,  city; 
Albert  Cargill,  Mason  City;  Francis  Carl,  Mahomet;  William  Chamber- 
lain, Litchfield;  Henson  Clarke,  Chamberburg;  Clifford  Craig,  Pontiac; 
Eoy  C.  Clark,  Murray ville;  H.  Eutledge  Coleman,  Palmyra;  Balph  P. 
Connell,  Waynesville;  Clyde  Curtis,  Farmer  City;  Orrin  D.  Cooper,  Ply- 
mouth; Frank  B.  Coady,  Greenview;  Harold  E.  Chapman,  city;  Charles 
A.  Custer,  Pontiac. 


MCLEAN  COUNTY  AND  THE  WORLD  WAR 387 

D. — Charles  W.  DeAtley,  Cerro  Gordo;  Vernon  Dimmett,  Melvin; 
Charles  Dietrich,  Mason  City;  Harold  K.  Dolbow,  Griggsville;  Ray  Doud, 
Gardner;  Earl  Derry,  Petersburg;  Albert  J.  Daley,  city;  Lawrence  Dodge, 
Normal;  Harold  Davis,  Potomac;  John  Robert  Dewenter,  city;  Elmo 
Dillon,  Normal. 

E. — Paul  Elsbury,  Plymouth;  Harry  R.  Evans,  Whitehall;  George 
Kvans,  Normal;  Charles  Endicott,  Muncie;  Milton  Ewing,  Paris;  Frank 
Ebert,  Roberts. 

F. — Harold  Frederick,  Roberts;  William  Fisherkeller,  city;  Delmar 
Fuller,  city;  John  D.  Follis,  Elkhart;  Frank  Fagerburg,  city;  Stephen 
E.  Finley,  Lexington;  Forest  Furrer,  Mason  City;  Harry  H.  Foster,  Fair- 
bury;  Beecher  Foley,  Paris 

G. — Howard  Gerland,  Pontiac;  William  Gleason,  city;  Albert  F. 
Gilman,  city;  Harold  Gibbs,  Thawville;  Paul  S.  Gordon,  city;  J.  Edward 
Grady,  Chicago;  Vergne  G.  Greiner,  city;  Wilbur  Guild,  city;  Clarence 
Goodhart,  city;  Walter  H.  Gillan,  Mackinaw;  Norman  G.  Griser,  Normal. 

H. — Emmett  Hutton,  Saybrook;  Harold  Huey,  Plymouth,  Frank 
Herbst,  Roanoke;  Howard  Huey,  Plymouth;  John  Hamilton,  Clinton; 
John  H.  Hart,  El  Paso;  Joseph  Hart,  Clinton;  Alfred  Hitch,  Chats- 
worth;  Richard  Hobson,  Greenfield;  W.  E.  Hogan,  city;  George  Hol- 
liger,  Tremont;  Rex  G.  Howard,  Washburn;  Russell  Hughes,  Mason 
City;  Warner  Hurst,  city;  Kenyon  Hyles,  Whitehall;  Herman  Half- 
mann,  Minonk;  Robert  Henderson,  Greenfield;  Paul  Hayes,  city;  Claire 
I.  Hanks,  Lexington;  Myron  Melvin  Holt,  Mahomet;  Arthur  W.  Haas, 
Season;  Mark  Hannum,  Lexington;  Max  Hannum,  Wenona;  Paul  Huf- 
fington,  Normal;  Ralph  E.  Hicks,  Lexington;  Dewey  Hill,  Muncie;  Carl 
Henning,  Lostant;  Lloyd  C.  Holley,  Normal;  Claude  L.  Holloway,  Her- 
scher;  Earl  Harpster,  Carlock;  Osman  P.  Hall,  Joliet. 

I. — Hubert  Ireland,  Tremont. 

J. — Russell  Jackson,  Bridgeport;  F.  Fay  James,  city;  Milo  Janes, 
Lafayette;  William  M.  Jeffrey,  Sheldon;  Eugene  Johnson,  Moline; 
Charles  W.  Jones,  Petersburg;  Glenn  Jones,  Mason  City. 

K. — Harold  Kinsey,  city;  Wm.  A.  Kimber,  Cornell;  Harold  M. 
Kemple,  Gibson  City;  Lloyd  Kenny,  Pontiac;  Roy  Keller,  Arrowsmith; 
Raymond  Kelso,  city;  Wm.  Kibler,  Cissna  Park;  Ora  King,  Waynesville; 
Peter  Koch,  Tremont;  Walter  Kronshagen,  Pana;  Clarence  F.  Krughoff, 
San  Jose;  Wayne  Kennedy,  Plymouth;  Glen  Knobloch,  Roanoke;  Law- 
rence Kipling,  Colchester;  James  Kerrigan,  Minonk. 

L. — Robert  Lewis,  Plymouth;  Willis  Lundgren,  city;  Jewel  Lynch, 
Normal;  Wayne  C.  Lyons,  city;  Clarence  Lawbaugh,  city;  J.  Reed  Lee, 
McLean;  Leonard  Lee,  Stanford;  Eugene  LeBee,  Chicago;  Francis  La- 
Teer,  Saybrook;  Olon  Lee,  city;  William  Leitch,  city;  Lawrence  W. 
Luce,  Springfield;  Arthur  Lehman,  city. 

M. — James  E.  McConkie,  city;  William  E.  McGraw,  city;  Darrell 
McReynolds,  Stanford;  Eugene  McDonald,  city;  Dewey  H.  Montgomery, 
Philo;  John  Moody,  Gibson  City;  Cecil  W.  Martin,  Pana;  Merritt  Meeker, 
Bath;  Estil  Miller,  Pittsfield;  Clarence  Melton,  Mason  City;  Glen  Mem- 
men,  Minonk;  Anderson  Molz,  Pana;  Glade  Murchison,  Mason  City; 
Carl  B.  Mayfield,  Lawndale;  Lawrence  Main,  Gibson  City;  John  L. 
Mertz,  Tonica;  Harry  H.  Matthews,  Greenview;  Lyle  B.  Mohr,  Normal; 
Don  Carlos  Moreland,  Clinton;  Frank  D.  Moots,  Leroy;  Layard  Mace, 
city. 

N. — Raymond  Newell,  Keithsburg;  John  Ernest  Newlin,  Robinson; 
V.  L.  Nickell,  Mansfield;  Roy  A.  Nicol,  Covell;  C.  C.  Nordling,  Rantoul; 
Walter  Nuttall,  Bethany;  Howard  Nelson,  city;  Deal  Nicol,  city;  Ed- 
ward A.  Nollsch,  Springfield;  Elmer  Nelson,  city. 

O. — Walter  O'Brien,  Deer  Creek;  Russell  Owen,  Leroy;  Allen  G. 
Orendorff,  city;  Herman  Orendorff,  city. 

P. — Russell  Packard,  Normal;  Paul  Packard,  Normal;  Irvin  Peplow, 
Minier;  Carter  Pietsch,  city;  Alva  E.  Pepping,  city;  William  H.  Piper, 


388  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 

Charleston,  la.;  Horace  Potter,  Petersburg;  Charles  H.  Power,  Peters- 
burg; Noble  J.  Puffer,  Lafayette;  David  Phelps,  Plymouth;  Ealph  W. 
Pierson,  Normal;  Forrest  Patterson,  Leroy;  Leo  Provost,  Eoanoke; 
Lewis  L.  Paulen,  Curran;  Bane  Pierce,  city. 

Q. — James  Quigg,  Minier;    Forest  W.  Quinn,  city. 

R. — Clarence  Bohwer,  Moline;  Paul  Eogers,  city;  Vaughn  Bansom,- 
Potomac;  Elmer  B.  Eeed,  Quincy;  Fred  W.  Eeed,  Streator;  Sylvester 
Eoach,  Fairbury;  T.  E.  Bansdell,  DeWitt;  Lawrence  Eudisell,  Deland; 
Paul  Boberts,  Cissna  Park;  Dwight  H.  Both,  Panola;  Leroy  Eosencrans, 
Ottawa;  Lloyd  L.  Eamseyer,  Hudson;  Eoland  F.  Bembe,  Lincoln;  Garth 
Eiddle,  city;  Earl  Bieck,  Normal;  Duane  Boss,  Mansfield;  H.  Glenn 
Boss,  Mansfield;  Charles  S.  Boberts,  Danville;  Maurice  H.  Eoberts, 
city;  James  Eyan,  Minonk. 

S. — Eaymond  N.  Spears,  city;  Clinton  F.  Eolofson,  city;  Charles 
St.  Clair,  Streator;  Shirley  Salter,  Dowagiac;  Oran  Sarff,  city;  Clar- 
ence Swearingen,  Gibson;  Keith  Sheffler,  Manteno;  Stanley  Strauss, 
Chicago;  G.  C.  Scott,  Arrowsmith;  Glenn  Seymour,  Potomac;  Eussell 
Shearer,  Cullom;  Calvin  Stauffer,  Saybrook;  Edgar  Stevenson,  city; 
Harlow  N.  Sutherland,  city;  Owen  Shrigley,  Leroy;  Frank  Schultz,  city; 
Bussell  Stone,  Mason  City;  Bert  Joel  Sorrells,  Eoodhouse;  Harold  St. 
John,  Hume;  Leonard  B.  Slagel,  Hey  worth;  Owen  Schertz,  Panola; 
Kenneth  Snyder,  Moweaqua;  W.  G.  Smith,  Beason;  Floyd  C.  Smith, 
Lexington;  Leland  C.  Sherrill,  city;  Wilbur  Smith,  Mt.  Pulaski;  Charles 
Strain,  city;  Quinn  B.  Sanks,  Streator. 

T. — Allen  Taylor,  Catlin;  Lewis  Thomas,  city;  Frederick  L.  Thrail- 
kill,  Centralia;  Alvah  Tippelt,  Pittsfield. 

IL— Will  Umback,  Easton. 

V. — Oscar  Vaughn,  French  Lick;  Ewert  Vandaveer,  Whitehall;  La 
Bue  Van  Meter,  Williamsville. 

W. — Casper  W.  Weber,  Lostant;  Win.  Wadleigh,  Herscher;  Hartzell 
Ward,  Coif  ax;  Joe  Walker,  jr.,  Mason  City;  C.  H.  Wampler,  Waynes- 
ville;  David  H.  Ward,  Normal;  Forrest  W.  Watt,  Lexington;  Luther 
Ward,  Bellflower;  Clifton  Ward,  Clinton;  Emmett  Willis,  Joliet;  Clark 
Webb,  Mason  City;  Clarence  Westhoff,  Normal;  Mason  Whitney,  Los- 
tant; Louis  L.  Williams,  city;  Calvin  Wochner,  city;  Boy  Wright,  city; 
Wade  Westervelt,  Buda;  Floyd  F.  Wright,  Mahomet;  Theron  White, 
Normal;  Eobert  H.  and  Henry  O.  Woll,  San  Jose;  Milton  Woofers, 
Balph  Wilcoxson,  Springfield. 

Y. — Leroy  Yolton,  city;    William  Yoder,  Danvers. 

Z. — John  Zimmerman,  Altamont;    Victor  Zimmerman,  city. 


FEELINGS   ON  RETURN   HOME 

In  March,  1919,  when  the  soldiers  yet  remaining  in  France  had 
their  minds  all  bent  on  the  home-coming,  Lieut.  William  B.  Geneva 
wrote  a  letter  expressing  their  feelings  about  the  return  to  civil  life. 
He  said  in  part: 

"I  have  talked  to  many  over  here  and  what  they  all  wish  is  the 
chance  to  get  into  the  civil  work  that  is  before  them  without  too  much 
housetop  shouting.  These  men  want  to  know  that  those  at  home  are 
grateful,  deeply  grateful,  but  the  simple  practical  demonstration  of  it 
will  please  them  most.  A  big  public  welcome  is  good — but  not  too  many. 
Assistance  to  get  into  that  life  occupation  is  most  desired.  The  home 
folks,  the  relatives,  will  give  that  heartfelt  warmth  of  feeling  which 
will  mean  more  than  anything  else.  In  one  home  where  there  is  a 
waiting  mother  I  know  this  will  be  true.  Many  of  the  men  over  here 
are  trying  to  keep  in  touch  with  the  life  back  there,  to  study  the 
problems  that  they  will  have  to  face  when  they  return.  The  transition 
to  civil  life,  we  hope,  will  find  us  prepared  in  advance." 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAP 


389 


WAS  OFFICIAL   "CANNONNEEK," 

Major  Edward  C.  Butler  of  Blooming- 
ton  was  by  public  approval,  given  the 
position  of  "Official  Cannonneer"  dur- 
ing the  great  war.  It  fell  upon  him  to 
awake  the  echoes  with  the  discharge  of 
cannon  when  peace  was  •  declared  and 
other  noteworthy  events  justified  univer- 
sal enthusiasm,  and  exemplified  the  pub- 
lic rejoicing.  Major  Butler  stepped  into 
the  post  gracefully  and  the  appointment 
was  justified  by  long  and  honorable  duty 
as  a  soldier.  Enlisting  in  the  Illinois 
National  Guard  in  1884,  he  rose  from  the 
ranks  to  a  commission  and  was  for 
thirty-four  years  in  the  service,  a  por- 
tion of  this  period  on  the  reserve,  retir- 
ing from  active  duty  with  the  rank  of 
Major.  He  was  lieutenant  in  Company 
G,  I.  N.  G.  Fifth  Regiment,  later  lieuten- 
ant and  captain  of  Troop  B,  First  Cav- 
alry, I.  N.  G.,  was  captain  of  Troop  G, 
First  Illinois  Cavalry  during  the  Spanish- 
American  War,  and  following  that  war,  captain  of  Troop  B  again.  He 
was  also  long  an  officer  in  the  Uniform  Rank,  Knights  of  Pythias,  now 
being  Colonel  and  chief  of  staff,  and  has  been  otherwise  prominent  in 
military  affairs,  serving  as  marshal  during  innumerable  Fourth  of  July 
and  other  celebrations  and  being  always  ready  to  serve  the  public  in 
any  capacity.  Whatever  duty  devolved  upon  him,  was  performed  faith- 
fully and  efficiently.  This  service  is  deserving  of  the  fullest  apprecia- 
tion by  all. 


Top    Row    (left    to    right) — J.    Leonard    Rush,    Harry    Milton    Reid,    William    K. 

Rader. 
Second    Row — Lloyd    W.    Ritchie,    Homer    E.    Riddle,    Raymond    Roberts,    Leslie 

Randall. 
Third    Row — William    G.    Read,    David   A.    Rutledge,    Cecil   W.    Riseling,    Carl   J. 

Radcliff,    Louis   Rablow. 
Bottom  Row — Joseph  A.  Ranney,  Howard  J.  Read. 


390 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


*********************** 


*************** 


STATE   NORMAL    UNIVERSITY   SERVICE   FLAG 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 391 

NORMAL  AND  HER  WAR  WORK 

In  all  the  home  activities  of  the  war,  the  city  of  Normal  and  Nor- 
mal township  worked  practically  as  one  unit.  In  July,  1917,  the  work 
of  the  Normal  auxiliary  of  the  McLean  County  chapter  of  the  American 
Bed  Cross  expanded  in  such  a  way  that  it  became  advisable  to  reorganize 
and  so  on  July  10,  at  a  mass  meeting  held  in  the  high  school  auditorium 
a  constitution  and  by-laws  was  adopted  creating  the  Normal  branch, 
with  the  following  officers:  Chairman,  B.  C.  Moore;  vice  chairman,  Prof. 
J.  Eose  Colby;  secretary,  Miss  Florence  Smith;  treasurer,  D.  G.  Fitz- 
gerrell.  These  officers  appointed  the  following  chairmen  of  standing 
committees:  Headquarters,  Mrs.  D.  C.  Smith;  membership,  Mrs.  H.  W. 
Grote;  publicity,  C.  A.  Burner;  hospital  supply,  Miss  Annette  B.  Cooper. 
Later  committees  appointed  were:  Civilian  relief,  Mrs.  W.  H.  Johnson; 
surgical  dressings,  Mrs.  H.  W.  Grote;  knitting,  Mrs.  John  R.  Dodge; 
junior  Ked  Cross,  Miss  Elsie  Brusch. 

Dr.  M.  Wallis,  who  had  entered  the  medical  service,  gave  the  use 
of  his  office  free  of  all  charge,  and  here  the  branch  had  its  headquar- 
ters, sewing  and  knitting  was  done  and  officers  and  committees  met, 
often  in  counsel  with  their  board  of  directors,  as  follows:  Mrs.  J.  R. 
Dodge,  L.  F.  Shepard,  Col.  D.  C.  Smith,  E.  P.  Mohr,  President  David 
Felmley,  Miss  Fannie  Fell,  Miss  Julia  Allen,  Mrs.  E.  F.  Coolidge,  Mrs. 
L.  H.  Kerrick,  O.  E.  Norris,  Miss  Lillian  Barton,  Dean  O.  L.  Manchester, 
Prof.  M.  J.  Holmes.  In  January,  1918,  Miss  Smith  resigned  as  secretary 
and  Miss  Constance  B.  Coen  was  appointed  in  her  place.  And  in  De- 
cember, 1918,  Mrs.  Roy  Bates  was  elected  to  succeed  Miss  Coen,  resigned, 
while  as  treasurer  L.  H.  Kerrick  succeeded  D.  G.  Fitzgerrell. 

Walter  Arbogast,  chairman  of  the  finance  committee,  had  the  fol- 
lowing workers  who  stood  back  of  the  entertainments  and  other  activi- 
ties: L.  H.  Kerrick,  Frank  Schoenfeldt,  George  Rankin,  J.  W.  Stubble- 
field',  F.  D.  Barber  and  J.  E.  Richmond.  At  the  time  of  the  organiza- 
tion in  July,  1917,  the  balance  of  funds  carried  over  from  the  auxiliary 
was  about  $1,000,  while  in  August,  1918,  the  total  of  the  receipts  had 
amounted  to  almost  $13,000.  The  financial  campaign  was  launched  in 
the  summer  of  1917  with  a  concert  by  Miss  Josephine  Colehower,  spon- 
sored by  C.  A.  Burner,  from  which  $50  was  realized,  and  a  ball  game 
between  Normal  and  Bloomington  business  man  netted  $165.  There 
were  flower  sales,  concerts,  box  socials,  and  lectures.  Early  in  1918  a 
farm  sale  was  planned,  for  which  a  special  committee  consisting  of  E. 
P.  Mohr,  Roy  Bates  and  Charles  Straub  were  named.  Contributions  came 
in  from  farmers  of  Normal  township,  and  the  sale  was  held  February 
25th  in  front  of  Schoenfeldt 's  barn,  John  Raycraft  donating  his  ser- 
vices as  auctioneer.  One  pair  of  ducks  was  bid  in  three  times  by  Col. 
Smith,  for  a  total  of  $100,  and  then  returned  and  sold  again  for  $12. 
The  sale  netted  nearly  $1,000.  Normal  business  men  gave  a  minstrel 
show  which  cleared  $300  for  Red  Cross.  Byron  Gregory  donated  a  twin 
six  Packard  automobile,  which  was  sold  for  a  total  of  $2,500.  In  all 
these  enterprises  for  raising  money  the  publicity  committee  of  C.  A. 
Burner,  Prof.  Ridgley  and  Charles  Straub  did  notable  work.  The  mem- 
bership committee  carried  forward  several  drives,  which  resulted  in 
further  revenue.  This  committee  consisted  of  Mrs.  Grote,  Mrs.  Frank 
Hanson,  Miss  Elsie  Brusch,  J.  W.  Arbogast  and  Mrs.  Fred  Johnson.  At 
the  organization  they  secured  488  members,  which  by  January,  1918, 
had  been  increased  to  1,117. 

There  was  formed  a  headquarters  committee  of  which  Mrs.  D.  C. 
Smith  was  chairman  and  most  constant  worker.  She  was  assisted  by 
Mrs.  Frank  Ward  and  Mrs.  Allen  Brown.  Miss  Annette  B.  Cooper  bought 
supplies  and  Miss  Flora  Crum  gave  five  afternoons  a  week  to  superin- 
tend the  work.  All  churches  had  sewing  groups,  and  most  of  the  clubs. 
Many  neighborhood  groups  and  individuals  assisted.  Normal  branch 
turned  over  to  the  McLean  county  chapter  7,500  finished,  inspected  and 


392  McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

approved  garments.  The  knitting  department,  under  direction  of  Mrs. 
Amanda  Dodge,  furnished  1,600  knitted  articles.  Later  the  Normal 
university  gave  a  room  for  making  surgical  dressings,  and  at  first  Bloom- 
ington  women  acted  as  instructors.  Mrs.  Grote  later  was  appointed 
chairman  and  instructor.  In  all,  14,000  bandages  were  produced  at  this 
place. 

Mrs.  W.  H.  Johnson  organized  and  launched  the  great  work  of  the 
civilian  relief  department,  assisted  by  Mrs.  J.  W.  Kasbeer  and  Mrs. 
George  Rankin.  Calls  were  made  by  these  women  on  families  of  soldiers, 
and  material  help  given  when  needed.  This  committee  made  and  dis- 
tributed comfort  kits  to  the  departing  drafted  men.  They  also  assisted 
families  in  such  matters  as  insurance,  allotments,  discharges  and  in- 
numerable other  questions. 

When  the  Junior  Bed  Cross  was  organized  throughout  the  country, 
Normal  township  joined  with  100  per  cent  membership,  under  the  leader- 
ship of  Miss  Elsie  Brusch. 

During  the  time  of  the  greatest  monetary  activity,  D.  G.  Fitzgerrell 
gave  his  time  unstintingly  to  the  duties  of  treasurer.  During  the  latter 
part  of  1919  and  '20,  this  work  was  in  the  hands  of  L.  H.  Kerrick.  The 
taxing  duties  of  secretary  devolved  upon  Miss  Florence  Smith,  Miss 
Constance  Coen  and  Mrs.  Boy  Bates,  each  of  whom  in  her  regime  had 
her  own  peculiar  problems  to  meet. 

One  of  the  great  and  wonderful  campaigns  of  the  war  was  the 
United  War  Work  drive,  combining  the  funds  of  the  Y.  M.  and  Y.  W. 
C.  A.,  the  Knights  of  Columbus,  the  Jewish  Belief,  the  Salvation  Army 
and  the  Bed  Cross.  In  Normal  township  this  mighty  effort  was  cap- 
tained by  Palmer  Q.  Moore,  and  was  carried  through  with  eminent  suc- 
cess the  sum  of  $11,000  being  raised. 

Normal  township  was  proud  of  her  record  in  all  the  liberty  loan 
campaigns.  The  first  was  unorganized,  and  subscriptions  were  secured 
by  the  banks,  $5,000  by  the  State  Bank  and  $25,000  by  the  First  Na- 
tional. D.  G.  Fitzgerrell,  who  was  vice  chairman  for  the  county,  had 
charge  of  the  Normal  township  campaign. 

For  the  second  loan,  Walter  D.  Alexander  acted  as  chairman,  and 
$130,000  was  raised  in  Normal  township.  In  the  third  loan  under  the 
leadership  of  C.  O.  Hamilton,  $208,000  was  subscribed.  In  the  fourth  and 
fifth  loans,  Lester  H.  Martin  was  chairman,  and  the  amounts  raised  were 
respectively  $278,000  and  $232,000.  The  entire  subscriptions  in  Normal 
township  for  the  five  loans  was  $878,000,  or  four-fifths  of  a  million 
dollars. 

The  women  had  a  notable  part  in  the  Liberty  loan  drives,  beginning 
with  the  second.  Mrs.  Henry  G.  McCormick  was  chairman  of  the 
women 's  committee  for  the  second  drive,  and  af terwrard  served  as  county 
secretary  and  kept  the  records  of  the  subscriptions  in  a  very  systematic 
and  satisfactory  manner. 

Normal  university,  as  distinguished  from  the  town  people  in  gen- 
eral, had  a  large  and  commendable  part  in  the  war  work.  The  student 
body  and  faculty,  during  the  period  of  the  war,  gave  much  of  their 
time  and  effort  to  the  things  which  tended  to  bring  victory  to  America. 
Dedicated  with  impressive  services  in  May,  1920,  there  is  a  large  boulder 
on  the  campus  as  a  memorial  to  the  fourteen  university  men  who  lost 
their  lives  in  the  war,  as  follows:  William  Auth,  Balph  Barren,  C.  Nolan 
Smith,  Earl  Balph  Hart,  Louis  Eddy  Davis,  Bolf  Leo  McManus,  Howard 
Henry  Hardy,  Doy  William  Skinner,  Maurice  James  Peters,  William  Hoy 
Hinthorn,  Allington  Joyce  Jolly,  Robert  Benjamin  Huffman,  Edmund 
White  Sutherland,  Arthur  William  Niedermeyer.  The  14  gold  stars  are 
representative  of  3  army  men  who  were  killed  in  action,  2  who  were 
accidentally  killed  in  the  falling  of  planes,  1  who  was  drowned,  and  8 
who  died  from  illness. 

The  675  stars  on  the  service  flag  of  Normal  University  represent 
the  services  of  six  faculty  men  who  were  in  actual  service,  alumni  of 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 393 

classes  dating  back  from  the  class  of  1917  to  as  early  a  date  as  1880. 
There  was  one  high  school  navy  man  of  the  class  of  1880;  one  Normal 
Bed  Cross  relief  worker  of  the  class  of  1883.  These  stars  represent  the 
service  of  455  men  who  served  in  the  army,  81  who  served  in  the  navy, 
L'O  who  served  the  marine  corps,  72  who  were  in  the  aviation,  both  mili- 
tary and  naval,  14  women  nurses,  one  Eed  Cross  relief  worker,  and 
32,  the  nature  of  whose  service  is  not  known. 

The  record  of  the  men  in  the  aviation  service  shows  that  there 
were  14  flying  men,  1  aerial  photographer,  and  3  balloon  observation  men. 

There  were  81  students  of  the  Normal  University  who  served  in  the 
navy  during  the  world  war.  Three  of  these  were  young  women  who 
enlisted  as  yeomen. 

The  records  of  the  students  of  I.  S.  N.  U.  who  were  in  the  service 
of  the  United  States  during  the  war,  shows  that  they  served  every- 
where, from  Panama  to  Archangel,  at  the  front  and  with  the  Army  of 
Occupation,  and  in  battles  in  France  and  in  Italy.  Several  of  the  young 
women  who  went  as  nurses  were  under  fire.  Both  men  and  women  of 
the  university  received  crosses  and  citations  of  many  kinds. 


LEXINGTON'S  WAR  ACTIVITIES 

Lexington  was  among  the  first  to  answer  the  call  for  men  to  de- 
fend her  country,  and  many  of  her  young  men  enlisted  before  the  draft 
came;  a  total  of  120  or  more  men  answered  the  call.  Some  were  gassed, 
some  wounded,  but  none  lost  their  lives  on  the  battlefields.  Most  of 
the  men  came  home  after  the  armistice,  but  some  stayed  with  the  Army 
of  Construction.  Capt.  T.  F.  Feiker  did  service  in  Coblenz,  Germany, 
after  the  war,  and  W.  Earl  Ballew,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Secretary,  also  served 
in  the  same  place. 

The  Lexington  branch  of  the  Red  Cross  was  organized  April  29th, 
1917,  with  over  three  hundred  in  membership,  and  Mrs.  N.  E.  Franklin, 
Chairman,  Dr.  L.  J.  Hammers,  vice  chairman,  Mrs.  L.  B.  Strayer,  secre- 
tary, and  Mrs.  F.  W.  Wald,  treasurer.  The  chapter  was  very  active  in 
all  branches  of  war  work  and  met  each  Tuesday  and  Thursday  of  every 
week.  Mrs.  L.  J.  Hammers  being  in  charge  of  the  surgical  dressings, 
Mrs.  O.  L.  Hiser  of  the  knitted  articles,  and  Mrs.  W.  C.  Lindsay,  Sr., 
of  the  sewing.  A  total  of  22,OCO  articles  was  made  and  sent  out  by  this 
branch.  When  McLean  County  was  asked  for  $50,000.00,  Lexington 
came  to  the  front  and  oversubscribed  her  amount  of  $2,000  and  gave 
over  $4000.00.  Much  credit  is  given  to  Mrs.  J.  V.  McCullough  who  was 
the  captain  of  this  drive,  and  her  assistants  for  their  work.  In  the 
later  drive  E.  A.  Kennedy  was  the  chairman. 

After  the  war  this  branch  was  the  first  to  install  a  community  nurse. 
Miss  Phoebe  Grundy  of  Chicago,  who  began  her  duties  January  1,  1920. 
The  present  officers  are:  Mrs.  Charles  Arnold,  chairman;  Mrs.  E.  A. 
Kennedy,  vice  chairman,  and  F.  W.  Wald,  secretary  and  treasurer. 

Lexington  Township  subscribed  $1,000  for  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  and 
the  Liberty  loans  are  as  follows:  1st.,  $22,950.00;  2nd.,  $16,250.00;  3rd., 
$35,750.00;  4th.,  $49,950.00;  5th.,  $70,800.00;  total,  $195,700.00.  H.  S. 
Shade  was  the  chairman  of  the  Liberty  loans. 

In  December,  1917,  the  State  Council  of  Defense  organized  a  Volun- 
teer Training  Corp,  recognized  as  Unit  45  of  100  members,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  military  training.  April  1918,  from  this  unit  Co.  H  5th  Regiment 
Illinois  Reserve  Militia,  was  organized  consisting  of  sixty-five  privates 
and  three  officers.  The  officers  were:  W.  F.  Goddard,  Captain,  Ira  M. 
Whitman,  1st  Lieutenant,  and  James  ^rbogast,  2nd  Lieutenant.  The 
officers  and  Sergeant  John  Mantle  were  all  ex-soldiers,  having  served 
their  country  in  the  Spanish  American  War  in  1898.  The  company  was 
very  active  in  drilling  and  instructing  men  of  draft  age,  who  were  soon 
to  be  called  in  service  for  their  country.  They  furnished  firing  squads 
for  military  funerals,  for  the  boys  who  died  for  their  country.  The 


394 MffLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

roster  of  the  company  was:  Captain,  Wm.  F.  Goddard;  first  lieutenant, 
Ira  M.  Whiteman;  first  sergeant,  G.  H.  Calhoun;  Q.  M.  sergeant,  A. 
P.  Schantz;  sergeants,  W.  C.  Lindsay,  John  M.  Scrogin,  E.  H.  Kicketts, 
John  Mantle,  W.  C.  Hicks;  corporals,  B.  Haushalter,  E.  E.  Arnold,  J. 
G.  Gilmore,  Charles  Wright,  F.  W.  Wald,  Perry  Stanton;  musicians,  L. 
M.  Magill,  C.  L.  Eosenberger;  privates,  H.  F.  Amick,  C.  L.  Barrett,  W. 

A.  Bornder,  G.  E.  Brown,  J.  H.  Botkin,  E.  E.  Buzzard,  Eoy  Courtney, 

B.  E.  Dawson,  J.  E.  Donnelly,  J.  H.  Ervine,  W.  N.  Falkingham,  Howard 
French,  Guy  Hensley,  M.  E.  Jenny,  Clarence  Jenkins,  Leonard  Koehler, 
W.  A.  Lucas,  J.  T.  Leach,  I.  E.  Cook,  Eay  Muffley,  Thos.  Oddy,  E.  H. 
Payne,  H.  E.  Payne,  A.  P.  Printz,  J.  J.  Pils,  Kenneth  Stone,  J.  C.  Shoop, 
Delbert  Snyder,   Henry  Schmitz,  Earl  Turnipseed,  Lawrence  Whiteman, 
H.  C.  Wormley,  Ealph  Wilmuth,  Noah  Weakley,  Ora  McNemar,  Dewey 
Ealston,    Wm.    Leonard,    Elden    Murphy,    Eussell    Golliday,     Theodore 
Walker,  Eex  McConnell,  Loren  Freed,  Clarence  Zook,  Elmo  Jenkins,  John 
T.  Moore,  Ervine  Printz,  Dewey  Burke,  S.  Herman  Poole. 


C.   &  A.   LOYALTY  BOOSTERS 

On  April  9,  1918,  when  Mrs.  Antionette  Funk  of  Washington,  one 
of  the  government's  best  speakers  for  the  Liberty  loans,  visited  Bloom- 
ington  in  her  boosting  tour,  one  of  the  places  she  addressed  was  a  mass 
meeting  of  the  Alton  shop  men.  The  occasion  was  a  notable  one,  and 
her  reception  at  the  shops  was  enthusiastic.  To  show  how  she  herself 
viewed  the  patriotic  devotion  of  the  Alton  men  here,  she  sent  the  fol- 
lowing telegram  to  the  treasury  department  officials  at  Washington 
immediately  after  the  meeting: 

"Bloomington,  111.,  April  9,  1918 — Secretary  McAdoo,  Washington, 
D.  C.:  Men  of  the  C.  &  A.  shops  so  far  solicited  for  bond  subscriptions 
are  100  per  cent.  Have  pledged  $25,000  per  month  for  war  savings 
stamps;  grand  parade  last  night.  C.  &  A.  shops  center  of  enthusiasm 
and  patriotism  in  Bloomington.  Antionette  Funk." 

The  organization  of  loyal  men  of  the  Alton  was  the  means  by  which 
several  incidents  in  which  disloyal  remarks  were  made  or  hinted,  were 
straightened  out  by  the  men  themselves,  without  outside  intervention. 

Many  incidents  of  stirring  appeal  occurred  at  the  shops  during  the 
war.  Perhaps  the  greatest  spectacular  demonstration  was  the  occasion 
when  the  Jackies'  Band  from  Great  Lakes  training  station  gave  a  great 
concert  in  the  shops,  at  which  the  entire  force  of  employes  attended. 

Every  Liberty  loan  drive,  every  Eed  Cross  appeal,  every  campaign 
for  the  Knights  of  Columbus,  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  or  other  war  humanitarian 
project,  found  ready  response  with  the  Alton  men,  both  of  the  shops 
and  the  road. 

There  was  a  great  ceremony  at  the  shops  on  June  14,  1918,  when 
a  large  flag  was  unfurled  amid  the  cheering  of  the  hundreds  of  the  men. 
Harvey  Baker  presided  at  the  ceremony,  and  Joseph  Stoekl  made  a 
speech  on  behalf  of  the  foreign  born  employes  of  the  shops.  The  money 
to  buy  the  flag  was  subscribed  by  the  men,  and  the  balance  after  pur- 
chasing the  flag  was  turned  over  to  the  Eed  Cross.  Judge  Louis  Fitz- 
Henry  and  John  Alexander  also  made  addresses  on  the  occasion.  At 
the  conclusion  of  the  ceremony,  resolutions  were  passed  by  the  foreign 
born  men  employed  by  the  company,  which  read  as  follows: 

"Whereas,  We  have  fled  from  the  land  of  our  birth  in  search  for 
freedom  and  liberty,  in  this  great  United  States;  and  have  been  re- 
ceived with  outstretched  arms  by  this  great  government,  to  enjoy  the 
freedom  of  which  we  had  so  long  dreamed  of  but  never  had  enjoyed; 

"Whereas,  we  have  fled  from  tyranny  and  oppression  and  a  land 
of  poverty  and  degradation  to  this  land  of  the  free  and  home  of  the 
brave,  in  which  to  build  our  homes  and  rear  our  children,  that  they  may 
enjoy  the  educational  system  of  this  great  country; 


McLEAN  COUNTY  AND    THE   WORLD    WAS 395 

"Therefore  be  it  resolved,  That  we  will  support  the  United  States 
in  this  great  world  war,  and  regard  any  who  is  an  enemy  of  this  coun- 
try as  an  enemy  of  our  own;  and  should  the  United  States  desire  our 
service  in  any  capacity,  we  stand  ready  to  obey  its  command; 

"Besolved,  That  as  soon  as  the  laws  will  permit  we  will  become 
citizens  of  the  United  States,  to  support  its  laws  and  constitution  in 
every  way." 

A  copy  of  these  resolutions  was  sent  to  President  Wilson-,  and  copies 
also  to  the  railroad  officials. 


BELGIAN  BOY  AS  SOLDIER 

Harry  A.  Vuylsteke,  a  native  of  Belgium,  who  lived  for  three  years 
at  the  home  of  Charles  Gambrel  at  Heyworth,  donned  the  uniform  of  a 
soldier  for  Uncle  Sam  during  the  world  war.  He  came  to  America 
about  1911,  and  had  never  attended  school  after  he  was  12  years  of 
age.  He  could  not  speak  English  when  he  came  to  this  country,  but 
worked  till  he  mastered  the  language.  He  was  called  in  the  draft  from 
Henry  county,  and  was  sent  to  Camp  Jones  at  Douglas,  Arizona.  He 
wrote  from  there  to  Mrs.  Gambrel  at  Heyworth.  He  became  in  turn 
a  first  class  private  and  then  a  corporal.  He  wrote  to  Mrs.  Gambrel  to 
the  effect  that  in  his  regiment  were  400  boys  from  Mississippi,  400  from 
Illinois  and  the  rest  are  New  Yorkers.  "But  we  are  all  brothers  here, 
no  matter  where  we  are  from.  We  are  all  working  together  for  the 
same  cause.  *  *  *  We  expect  to  leave  here  the  end  of  this  week 
for  San  Diego.  The  news  was  received  with  great  joy. 

"You  folks  at  home  stay  behind  us,  every  one  of  you,  and  we  can't 
lose.  We  Illinois  boys  are  far  away  from  home,  but  never  worry  about 
us,  as  we  are  all  well,  and  if  we  do  go  across  we  are  not  going  to  be 
killed,  but  the  good  Lord  will  bring  us  safely  back  and  guide  us  to 
walk  the  straight  and  narrow  path.  So  make  the  best  of  it  at  home 
and  we  will  do  our  bit." 


MADE  GAS  MASKS 

Mrs.  Marquis  Deaver,  formerly  Miss  Edith  Miner  of  Bloomington, 
was  employed  for  several  months  during  the  war,  in  a  factory  on  Long 
Island  where  the  government  was  making  gas  masks  for  soldiers.  She 
was  so  employed  while  her  husband  was  in  the  service  with  the  coast 
artillery  at  one  of  the  forts  just  outside  New  York.  In  a  letter  written 
shortly  after  her  entry  to  the  factory,  she  described  her  surroundings 
somewhat  as  follows: 

"The  plant  is  new  and  is  simply  immense  and  nothing  but  windows. 
It  is  guarded  by  about  one  hundred  soldiers.  You  have  to  show  a  letter 
written  by  one  of  the  heads  in  order  to  get  in.  And  even  after  you 
get  inside  the  main  door  you  are  accosted  by  a  secret  service  man  every 
few  feet.  Military  tactics  are  used  thruout  and  we  are  in  divisions  and 
companies.  The  head  of  the  concern  is  a  Major  Smith,  and  we  are 
considered  in  the  service  as  much  as  a  man  in  the  army.  We  wear  a 
badge  constantly.  It  is  like  the  setting  of  a  huge  cameo  brooch,  and 
contains  your  photo  and  the  number  by  which  you  are  identified. 

' '  The  enormous  room  where  I  work  has  loads  of  Italian,  British,  French 
and  American  flags,  and  is  hung  with  posters  and  mottos: 
"An  Extra  Mask,  Girls,  is  a  Life  Saved  in  France." 
"It's  Up  to  Us  Whether  It's  a  Death  Mask  or  a  Gas  Mask." 
"I  get  40  cents  an  hour  and  we  have  double  time  for  overtime  and 
when  we  are  rushed  we  work  two  and  three  hours  extra  a  day.     They 
have  practically  weeded  out  every  one  in  the  place  who  has  not  some 
relative  in  the  service. 

' '  The  work  is  simple.  I  sit  at  a  desk  and  inspect  the  masks  as  they 
come  to  me.  The  hours  are  from  8  to  5:30,  and  we  are  off  at  2:30  on 
Saturdays. ' ' 


396 


M cLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR  397 


MCLEAN  COUNTY  PEERLESS  HONOR  ROLL 

The  roll  of  honor  for  McLean  county,  herewith  given  contains  more 
than  5,000  names,  believed  to  be  a  greater  number  than  contributed  to 
the  service  by  any  county  in  the  state  excepting  Cook.  The  list  has 
been  compiled  with  great  care  and  revised  and  corrected  after  many 
weary  hours  by  Emanuel  Rhoades,  secretary  of  the  McLean  County 
Historical  Society.  The  honor  roll  is  as  nearly  correct  and  complete  as 
it  was  humanly  possible  to  make,  and,  while  necessarily  there  are  a  few 
names  missing  and  perhaps  a  few  inaccuracies  every  opportunity  was 
given  to  those  interested  to  make  corrections  or  revisions.  The  honor 
roll  is  one  of  which  all  McLean  county  has  reason  to  feel  proud.  Alpha- 
botically  arranged,  the  list  is  as  follows: 


COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Major  W.  H.  Allen,  Engineers;  Camp  Benjamin  Harrison. 

Capt.  Elmer  J.  Armstrong,  Normal,  Infantry. 

Lieut.  Will  Alberts,  Bloomington;  Illinois  Wesleyan. 

Lieut.  Eugene    Alexander,    Bloomington;     Quartermaster's    Corps;     Camp 

Johnson. 

Lieut.  Erwin  Albee,  Bloomington;  Air  Service;  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Russell  Anglemeier,  Bloomington;  Infantry. 
Lieut.  James  Ambrose,  Hudson,  345th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  (Jr.  Grade)    Walker  W.  Anderson,  Bloomington;   Navy;    U.   S.  S 

Kaiserin  Augusta  Victoria. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Corp.  George  E.  Abbey,  White  Oak;  Co.  C,  61st  Inf.,  5th  Div.,  A.  E.  F, 

William  H.  Abbott,  Normal;  Hdqrts.  Co.,  124th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

William  H.  Abbott,  Normal;  Co.  I,  102d  Infantry,  26th  Division,  A.  E.  F. 

Alfred  Abby,  White  Oak  Township;   Infantry. 

Cecil  Fiske  Abrams,  Bloomington,  S.  A.  T.  C. 

Harry  Abrams,  Hudson,  Co.  A,  26th  Infantry.     Killed  in  action. 

Abner  L.  Adams,  Heyworth,  Co.  G,  Ammunition  Train,  29th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

Forrest  L.  Adams,  Bloomington,  662  Aero  Squadron. 

Fred  Adams,  Bloomington,  Artillery. 

Homer  F.  Adams,  Bloomington,  4th  Co.,  C.  A.  C. 

Howard  F.  Adams,  Coast  Artillery. 

Leslie  C.  Adams,  Bloomington,  Motor  Truck  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

McKinley  G.  Adams,   Heyworth,   Infantry,  Co.   G,  Ammunition  Train,   2d 

Division. 

Raymond  B.  Adams,  Lexington,  Infantry,  Camp  McArthur. 
Samuel  M.  Adams,  Chenoa. 

William  H.   Adams,  Bloomington,  Marine  Corps. 
William  O.  Adams,  Osman. 
William  O.  Adams,  Bellflower,  Infantry. 

Harold  C.  Adelman,  Bloomington,  74th  Engineers,  Fort  Meigs. 
Cecil  M.  Adkins,  McLean,  Infantry. 
Charles  R.  Adkins,  McLean. 

Elmer  Adreon,  Lexington,  Post  Hospital,  Fort  Omaha. 
Edward  C.  Albee,  Bloomington,  R,  R.  2,  Co.  B,  124th  M.  G.  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
William  A.  Albee,  Bloomington,  R.  R.  2,  Co.  B,  124th  M.  G.  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
Frank  W.  Aldrich,  Bloomington,  Red  Cross. 


398 MCLEAN  COUNTY  AND  THE  WORLD  WAB 

Corp.   Vaughn  Alexander,   Bloomington,   Field   Artillery. 

Stefano  Alfano,  Colfax,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.     E.  B.  Allen,  Normal,  Co.  A,  328th  Infantry. 

Frederick  Allen,  Bloomington,  Infantry.     Died  at  Camp  Mills. 

Arrie  Adelia  Allen,  Bloomington,  Army  Nurse  Corps. 

James  Allen,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Chanute  Field. 

Robinson  Allen,  Bloomington,  25th  U.  S.  Regulars,  A.  E.  F. 

Clyde  Lorraine  Allison,  Lexington,  Infantry.    Died  at  Camp  Mills. 

Ben  Almstead,  Colfax,  Co.  D,  314  Ammunition  Train,  89th  Division. 

Theodore  N.  Alsesn,  Bloomington,  R.  R.,  186th  Engineers. 

Joshue  W.  Alsman,  Leroy. 

Clyde  G.  Alwood,  Bloomington,  Y.  M.  C.  A. 

Dean  Amstadt,  Leroy. 

Ben  R.  Anderson,  Bloomington,  Battery  E,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Bruce  Anderson,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

C.  I.  Anderson,  Normal,  149th  Infantry. 

Clarence  G.  Anderson,  Bloomington,  S.  A.  T.  C.,  Bradley  Polytechnic. 

Charles  Anderson,  Danvers,  Infantry. 

Delmar  C.  Anderson,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  363rd  Infantry. 

Elmer  C.  Anderson,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  360th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Ernest  Anderson,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Earl  Anderson,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded  in  action. 

Sergt.  George  Anderson,  Bloomington,  Aviation. 

Jesse  S.  Anderson,  Bloomington,  106th  Engineers.     Died  in  Scotland. 

Oscar   ("Okie")   Anderson,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Thomas  E.  Anderson,  Gridley,  Co.  I,  339th  Machine  Gun,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Wilbur  Anderson,  Bloomington,  24th  Company,  Coast  Artillery. 

Charles   Andrews,   Bloomington,   Harry   W.   Andrews,   Gridley,   died   while 

awaiting  call. 

William  M.  Andrews,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Edgar  Apelt,  Bloomington,  Musician. 
Frank  Apelt,  Bloomington,  Musician. 

Merril  R.  Apker,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  311th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Waldo  Rolland  Appel,  Normal,  Radio,  Navy,  Great  Lakes  Station. 
Bert  G.  Appenzeller,  Stanford,  Battery  A,  74th  Coast  Artillery,  C.  A.  C., 

A.  E.  F. 

Francis  L.  Arbogast,  Saybrook,  Hospital. 
Merdle  D.  Arbogast,  Leroy. 

Cecil  Arnett,  Colfax,  Infantry,  Hawaiian  Islands. 
James  Wallace  Arnett,  Colfax,  Coast  Artillery. 
Corp.   Claude  F.   Armstrong,   Normal,   108th   Supply  Train,   Q.   M.   Corps, 

33rd  Division,  A.  E.  F. 
Harry  A.  Armstrong,  Leroy. 
James  Armstrong,  Normal,  Railroad  Artillery. 

Miles  Armstrong,   Hudson,   Battery  D,   Lft.   Rgt.  Artillery,   A.   E.   F. 
Russell  R.   Armstrong,   Normal,   52d  Coast  Artillery. 
Corp.   Wavie  Armstrong,   Stanford,  Co.   D,   360th  Infantry,   A.   E.  F. 
Albert  H.  Arnold,  Gridley,  Aviation. 
David  Arnold,  Bloomington,  Marines. 
Elma  Arnold,   Bloomington,   Radio. 
Floyd  Arnold,  Colfax,  Infantry. 
Harry  Arnold,   Bloomington,   Infantry. 
Herbert  Arnold,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Corp.  Will  Arnold,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Stanislaus  Arnseneau,  Normal,  A.  S.  Section  555.      (Ambulance). 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAS  399 

Ernest  L.  Asbury,  Bloomington,  Co.  C, 

Voyle  L.  Ashabrau,  Lexington,  Squadron  D,  Flying  Dept.,  Kelly  Field,  Tex. 

Corp.  C.  C.  Ashby,  Bloomington,  Marine  Corps. 

Corp.  S.  W.  Ashworth,  Bellflower,  Co.  B,  124th  Machine  Gun  Btn.,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Charles  Allen,  Stanford,  Co.  A,  48th  Infantry. 

G.  A.  Atkinson,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Ora  G.  Augspurger,  Danvers. 

Aaron  E.  Augstin,  Carlock,  Co.  B,   113th  Signal  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Carl  Ausmus,  Bloomington,  16th  Co.,  Third  Eegt.,  Motor  Mechanics, 

A.  E.  F. 

Cecil  Austin,  Lexington,  Navy. 

James  Austin,  Colfax,  Battery  F,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Fred  Avey,  Leroy. 
Fred  Avery,  Leroy. 

Corp.  Cory  C.  Ayers,  Bloomington,  Battery  C,  339th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Coleman  Azbill,  Carlock. 


COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Brig.  Gen.  Harry  G.  Bishop,  Normal,  Infantry,  Third  Brigade,  Third  Div., 

A.  E.  F. 

Major  Albert  N.  Buescher,  Bloomington,  331st  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Major  Thomas-  W.  Bath,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Major  J.  Dwight  Brewer,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Col.  John  Bruce,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Col.  Frank  C.  Bolles,  Normal,  Eegular  Army,  A.  E.  F. 
Col.  W.  V.  D.  Brown,  Colfax,  8th  Balloon  Company,  A.  E.  F. 
Capt.  A.  E.  Behrendt,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps, 
Capt.  F.  W.  Brian,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps. 
Capt.  John  G.  Burkholder,  Normal,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Capt.  George  E.  Butler,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Capt.  G.  B.  Bushee,  Normal,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Phillip  C.  Barber,  56th  Heavy  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  William  Barrett,  Bloomington,  347th  M.  G.  Bn.,  91st  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  I.  W.  Bach,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps. 
Lieut.  Nyle  J.  Balbach,  Chenoa,  Aviation. 

Lieut.  Eaymond   C.   Baylor,  McLean,   Field   Artillery,   U.   S.   Camp. 
Lieut.  Cornelius  Beardsley,  Bloomington,  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Arthur   L.   Benedict,   Ellsworth,   Infantry,   Camp   Lee. 
Lieut.  Fred  H.  Beck,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Lieut.  Carl  E.  Behr,  Bloomington,  Motor  Transport  Corps,  Camp  Johnson. 
Lieut.  Fred    Beckman,    Bloomington,    314th    Field    Sig.    Btn.,    89th    Div., 

A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Halsey  L.  Bingham,  Bellflower,  Aviation. 
Lieut.  Earl  F.  Blackburn,  Normal,  Infantry. 
Ensign   Dwight   F.   Bracken,   Bloomington,   Naval   Aviation   Station,   Pen- 

sacola,  Fla. 

Lieut.  Eichard  Boydston,  Bloomington,  Marines.     Died  at  sea. 
Lieut.  Timothy  Bradley,  Bloomington,  Bail  Supply  Detachment,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  John   Brokaw,   Bloomington,   Aviation,    Instructor,   A.    E.    F. 
Lieut.    (Junior  grade)    Leslie   E.  Bristow,  Bloomington,  Navy,  U.  S.  S. 

Prinz  Willem. 

Lieut.  Frank  Brewer,  Bloomington,  52d  Aero  Squardon,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Eussell  W.  Bringham,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  124th  M.  G.  Btn.,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Clifford  Brown,  Normal,  Aviation,  Chanute  Field. 
Lieut.  Alfred  O.  Brown,  Bloomington,  164th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 


400  McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOULD    WAR 

Lieut.  Dan  Buck,  McLean,  Infantry. 

Lieut.  Carlton  Burrows,  Bloomington,  Artillery. 

Lieut.  Hudson  Burr,  Bloomington,   13th  F.  A.,  Fourth  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Edwin   S.   Burtis,   Hudson,   Aviation,   Camp   Pike. 

Ensign  Eoyal  V.  Burtis,  Hudson,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  James  J.  Butler,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Funston. 

Lieut.  Earl   Butler,   Bloomington,   Dental   Corps. 

Lieut.  Frank  M.   Butler,   Bloomington,   Engineer  Corps. 

Lieut  Robert  Guy  Buzzard,  Normal,  Infantry. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Carl  H.  Backlund,  Leroy,  Battery  F,  137th  Field  Artillery. 

Delmar   Dwight   Bachman,   Bloomington,   Ambulance  Corps,   A.   E.   F. 

Earl  Bach,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

George  Backhouse,   9th   Co.,  Depot  Brigade. 

Oliver  Bacon,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Thomas  Backhouse,  Bloomington,  A.  E.  F.     Killed  in  action. 

Corp.  Joseph  Baer,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Dilley  Bailey,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  E.  0.  Bailey,  Heyworth,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F".     Killed  in  action. 

Ralph  Bair,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

Howard  Baird,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Ralph   Owen   Baird,   Bloomington,   Commissary   Department,  _  Great   Lakes. 

Corp.  Virgil  R.  Baird,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 

Frank  Baker,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Harry  E.  Baker,  Bloomington,  44th  F.  A.,  A.  E.  F. 

Perry  Baker,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

William    Baker,    Bloomington,   Infantry. 

Russell  Faye  Baldwin,  Stanford,  Supply  Train  814,  A.  E.  F. 

M.  John   Balbach,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Clarence  Balbach,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

William   Ball,   Leroy,   Infantry  A.   E.   F. 

W.   Earle   Ballew,   Lexington,   Y.   M.  C.   A.   work.     Wounded. 

Melvin  Ballinger,   Chenoa,  Infantry. 

John  C.  Bandi,  Bloomington,  Instructor,  Aviation. 

Alvin  H.  Bane,  Ellsworth,  Signal  Corps. 

Charles  E.  Bane,  Bloomington,  Tank  Corps,  A.   E.  F. 

Elton  T.  Bane,   Colfax,   Coast  Artillery,  A.   E.   F. 

Thomas  Bane,   Ellsworth,   Infantry. 

La  Verne  Barkley,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Philip  Barling,  Infantry. 

Ivan  Baldwin,  Stanford,  Navy. 

Ben  Barnhart,  Bellflower,  Artillery. 

William  Barnhart,  Bellflower,  Infantry. 

William  F.  Barnes,  Cropsey,  Tank  Division.     Died  in  hospital. 

Sergt.   Edward  Barnum,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Edwin  Barnum,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

John  M.  Barr,  Bloomington,  Clerical  Detachment,  Medical  Corps. 

Elbert  Barrett,  Downs,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Tucker  Barret,  Normal,  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

William  H.  Barren,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  3rd  Infantry,  Del  Rio,  Tex. 

Henry  Fred  Barrow,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Puget  Sound,  First  Class  Seaman. 

Alex.  Barry,  Co.  A,  Fourth  U.  S.  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Fred  Bartsch,  Ellsworth,  Navy. 

W.  E.  Barscht,  Ellsworth,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Wm.   Herman   Barthel,   Bloomington,   Infantry. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 401 

Glenn  C.  Bartley,  20th  Anti-aircraft  Battery,  A.  E.  F. 

Hillard  Barton,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Jack  Barton,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Harry   Bartsch,   Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Harry  W.  Bates,  Bloomington,  Construction  Company,  Air,  A.   E.  F. 

Walter  Bates,  Bloomington,  Artillery. 

John  Bathon,  Anchor,  Infantry. 

Henry   E.   Batson,   Bloomington,   Horseshoer,   Co.   B,   124th   Machine   Gun, 

A.  E.  F. 

Louis  Bauchman,  Danvers,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
George  H.  Bauer,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Corp.  William  Bauer,  Stanford,  121st  Infantry,  Conway,   France. 
Sergt.   Chester  Baumgartner,  Bloomington,   Infantry. 
Al.  Baughman,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Albert  N.  Baum,  Blomington,  Infantry. 

Elmer  Baum,   Cooksville,   Hospital   Apprentice,   U.    S.   S.   Utah. 
Albert  F.  Bauman,  Bloomington,  68th  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Bertram  R.  Bauman,  Chenoa,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Carl  Herman  Baumgart,  Bloomington,  Field  Artillery,  Ammunition  Train. 
George  V.  Bavester,  Bloomington,  Canadian  Army. 
John  Bavester,  Bloomington,  G.  F.  E.  Infantry. 
William   Bavester,  Bloomington,  Hospital  Corps,  A.   E.   F. 
Charles   E.   Baxter,   Bloomington,   Co.    2,    Transportation   Corps,   A.   E.   F. 
Donald  J.  Baylor,  Bloomington,  Battery  B,  38th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Leslie  Beach,  Bloomington,  Hospital  Corps. 
Wesley  Beach,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Dwight  E.  Beal,  Bloomington,  Washington  D.  C.,  Medical  Corps. 
Sergt.  Geo.  Beal,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Ray  W.  Baylor,  Towanda,  Aviation. 
Lee  R.  Beam,  Saybrook,  Infantry. 
Clarence   Bean,    Bloomington,    3rd   Co.,    2nd    Engineers,   Motor   Mechanics, 

A.  E.  F. 

Herman  I.  Bean,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Rollo  Beard,  Uloomington,  26th   Infantry,  A.   E.  F.     Wounded  slightly. 
Ross  O.  Beard,  Normal,  Navy. 
Felix  Beasley,  Colfax,  4Gth  Balloon  Corps. 
Austin  Stone  Beasley,  Bloomington,  A.  E.  F. 
Oscar  Bebout,  Heyworth,  Seaman,  U.  S.  S.  Indiana. 

John  H.   Becker,  Bloomington,  74th  Co.,  6th  Regiment  Marines.     Gassed. 
Peter  Becker,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Elza  Bechtel,  Colfax,  Infantry. 
Frank  Beckham,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Sergt.  Frank  K.  Beckham,  Balloon  Corps. 

Claude  E.   Bedinger,  Bloomington,  Bat.  A,  10th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Eugene  Bedinger,  Bloomington,  Normal,  Balloon  Squadron. 
Sergt.  Junius  Beebe,  Bloomington,  Engineers,  A.  E.  F.  Awarded  war  cross. 
Corp.  Ben  L.  Beeler,  Bloomington,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded. 
Corp.  Robert  Beer,  Bloomington,   108th  Aero. 
Lincoln  Behr,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Corp.  Walter  G.  Behr,  Bloomington,  46th  Infantry,  Camp  Sheridan. 
Corp.  Karl  L.  Behnke,  Bloomington,  150th  F.  A.,  A.  E.  F. 
Emil  Behrman,  Bloomington. 
Ernest  Behrmann,  Bloomington. 
Ellis  Belcher,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Edward  Bell,  Heyworth,  60th,  Co.  A,  A.  E.  F. 
Elmer  Bell,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 

Jefferson  Hall  Belt,  Saybrook,  Co.  C,  106th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Sylvanus  Ray  Belt,  Bloomington,   166th  Infantry,  42d  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 


402 McLEAN  COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

Marion  Belts,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Miss  Charlotte  Bender,  Bloomington,  Bed  Cross  Nurse,  A.  E.  F. 

Charles  Benedict,  McLean,  Infantry. 

Early  A.  Benedict,  Gridley,  Aviation. 

Ernest  Benedict,  McLean.     Died  from  wounds  in  Prance. 

Corp.  Frank  Benedict,  Gridley,  A.  E.  F.    Wounded  in  action. 

George  Benedict,  McLean,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Bollin  J.  Benedict,  Ellsworth,  Infantry,  Camp  Lee. 

Eussell  J.  Benjamin,  Bloomington,  Dixie  Division,  106th  Horse  Department, 
Ammunition  Train,  A.  E.  F. 

Paul  K.  Benjamin,  Bloomington,  Physical  Instructor,  U.  S.  Naval  Academy. 

Eoland  Benjamin,  Bloomington,  Marine  Corps. 

Troy  J.  Bennett,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery. 

Harold  Bennett,  Arrowsmith,  Infantry. 

Lawrence  B.  Bennett,  Bloomington,  307th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

John  Bennington,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery. 

Herbert  Bereman,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

E.  Bermnan,  Bloomington,  602d  Engineers. 

Carl  Bernau,  Danvers,  Co.  D,  30th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Walter  Berg,  Danvers,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

George  Bernard,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded. 

Charles  H.  Berry,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Elihu  Berry,  Gridley,  Co.  C,  M.  E.  S.  U.,  Camp  Holabird,  Md. 

Lyle  D.  Berry,  Normal,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Lyle  Berry,  Bloomington,  Aviation. 

Edward  Bertha,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Herbert  Besemann,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery. 

Paul  C.  Beshers,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Lyle  Best,  Bloomington.    Died  at  Great  Lakes  from  Diphtheria. 

Edward  Bethea,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Harry  Bethel,  Baudolph,  Infantry. 

Ernest  Betsberg,  Colfax,  Navy. 

Lawrence  Beveridge,  Colfax,  Co.  L,  41st  Infantry. 

Virgil  M.  Bierbower,  Saybrook,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Benjamin  Biggs,  Arrowsmith,  Infantry. 

Cleo  T.  Bierbower,  Arrowsmith,  6th  Co.,  161st  Depot  Brigade. 

Boy  Biggs,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Frank  Bill,  Normal,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

B.  E.  Binger,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Charles  Bingham,  Bellflower,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Don  J.  Bingham,  Normal,  Co.  B,  125th  M.  G. 

Byrl  Binnion,  Normal,  Navy,  First  Class  Q.  M.,  U.  S.  S.  Santa  Clara. 

Corp.  Felix  Binnion,  Normal,  Co.  A,  108th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

S.  M.  Binnion,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,   108th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Wayne  Birckelbaw,  Bloomington,  Medical  Detachment,  830th  Aero  Squad- 
ron, A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  T.  L.  Birkelbaw,  Bloomington,  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Albert  V.  Birkey,  Hudson,  Aviation. 

Chalmer  Bishop,  Heyworth,  Artillery. 

Bobert  Bishop,  Stanford,  143rd  Inf.,  36th  Division,  A.  E.  F. 

Smith  Bishop,  Bloomington,   67th  Marines. 

Sergt.  Walter  I.  Bishop,  Bloomington,  Aeronautics. 

E.  C.  Bissell,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps. 

Dan  Black,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Joe  Black,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Bomney  Black,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

W.  F.  Blackburn,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Sea  Duty. 

Paul  Blackford,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 403 

Eugene   Blackwell,   Bloomington,   Naval  Machinist. 

Albert  H.  Blanchard,  Bloomington,  325th  Inf.,  82d  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

Charles  Bliss,   Bellflower,  Infantry. 

Paul  Bloomquist,  Bloomington,  Great  Lakes  Station. 

Lyman  Blose,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  2d  Bat.,  Edgewood,  Md. 

Sergt.  Adreon  W.  Blough,  Hudson,  Infantry. 

Arthur  Blough,  Hudson,  Co.  B,  19th  Machine  Gun,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Paul  M.  Blough,  Hudson,  Signal  Corps. 

Clifford  Blount,  Normal,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

E.  J.  Blue,  Normal,  Co.  A,  123d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

G.  Dooley  Blue,  Artilleryman,  Canadian  Army.     Killed  in  action. 

Edward  Blum,  Bloomington,  331st  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Eoger    W.    Blumenshine,    Colfax,    Infantry,    Bat.    C,    6th    Field    Artillery, 

A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Homer  B.  Blumenshine,  Colfax,  328th  Aero  Squad.,  A.  E.  F. 
Horatio  Earl  Boblett,  Colfax,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Carl  Bock,  Bloomington,  345th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Mark  Bodell,  Bloomington,  Hospital  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Arthur  Boden,  Bloomington,  Chauffeur,  Infantry. 
Howard  A.  Bolin,  Bloomington,  Co.  E,  39th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Killed  in 

action,  July  20. 

Leslie  E.  Boling,  Normal,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Meade. 
Eussell  A.  Bolze,  Covell,  Hdqrs.  Co.,  56th  Inf.,  A.  E.  F. 
Walter  E.  Bonke,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Ernest  Boog,  Saybrook,  139th  Inf.,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Clifford  S.  Book,  Bloomington,  R.  E.,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.    Gassed. 
Orel  Boone,  Mt.  Hope,  Infantry. 
J.  M.  Bouhl,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Corp.  W.  H.  Bourges,  Bloomington,  40th  Infantry,  Fort  Sheridan. 
Louis  Bosshardt,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.   F. 
Delbert  Bostick,  Danvers,  Jefferson  Barracks. 
Melvin  Eoy  Bossingham,  Stanford,     died  at  Camp  Mills. 
Clarence  C.  Botsfield,  Bloomington,  56th  Balloon  Co. 
Carroll  M.  Bowen,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Sheridan. 
Milton  Bowen,  Bloomington,  149th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  John  A.  Bourland,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps. 
Perry  Dean  Bower,  Stanford,  Infantry. 

Homer  A.  Bowers,  Normal,  Co.  B,  124th  M.  G.  'Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
Elton  Bower,  Stanford,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Eay  Bowers,  McLean,  Aviation. 

Eussell  Bowers,  Bloomington,  159th  Depot  Brigade,  Camp  Taylor. 
Corp.  E.  E.  Bowers,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
L.  H.  Bowling,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Glen   E.   Bowman,   Bloomington,   Navy,   Second   Mate   Mechanic,   U.   S.    S. 

Prometheus. 

James  W.  Bowman,  Saybrook,  Artillery. 
Leverette  E.   Bowman,  Bloomington,   Signal  Corps. 
E.  W.  Bowman,  Towanda,  Aviation,  A.  E.  F. 
Thomas  Bowman,   Colfax,  Infantry. 
Alva  Bowser,  Bloomington,  Q.   M.  Department. 
«fohn  E.  Bovie,  Bloomington,  Veterinary  Corps. 
George  Boylan,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Pike. 
Harry  Francis  Boylan,  Bloomington,  S.  A.  T.  C.  at  U.  of  I. 
Hal  Bradley,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Jesse  Bradley,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Walter  H.  Bradley,  Leroy,  Co.  I,  325th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Otis  E.  Braddy,  Colfax,  Bat.  C,  129th  F.  E.,  A.  E.  F. 
Noah  Braden,  Normal,  Navy,  at  Brooklyn. 


404 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


Top  Row   (left  to  right) — Merle  Fitchhorn,  .T.  .T.  Frisch,  -Toe  E.  Fitchhorn,  Perle  Fry. 
Second  Row — Ben  Fike,  John  P.  Fredrich,  Jas.  C.  Fielding,  Paul  E.  Follick,  Clarence 

Forbes. 
Third  Row — John   J.   Ficken,   Louis  K.    Fanner,    Hobart  Fry,   Van   W.   Farmer,   Glen 

E.   Frink,   Myron   C.    Freed. 


First   Row    (left    to    right) — T.    S.    Kirwin,    Ellsworth    E.    King,    A.    Kennedy,    Miller 

Kirkpatrick,    Edward  Kahle,    James  M.   Kinsella. 
Second  Row— Kenneth  E.  Kimler,  Ralph  E.  Kauffold,  Walter  Kurth,  Louis  E.  Kessler, 

Glen   Kinsler,    Roy   Kaylor,    Carl   Knecht,    H.    C.   Keys. 
Third  Row — Elmo  G.   Kent,   Byron   D.   Kline,   Chas.  N.   Karr,   Roy  E.   Kimler,   George 

D.  Kennedy,   Bryee  McK night. 
Bottom  Row — Lawrence  H.  Koos,  John  J.  Kates,  George  J.  Katsoulis. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOULD    WAK 405 

George  Bragonier,  Bloomington,  Infantry 

Millard  Brame,  Ellsworth,   Navy,   Puget  Sound. 

Carl  Brame,  Ellsworth,  Infantry,   Panama. 

Everett  Brammer,  Bloomington,  Co.  F,  139th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Ralph  Bramwell,  Yuton.  Aviation. 

Samuel  M.   Bramwell,  Bloomington,  Bugler,   68th  Artillery,  A.   E.  F. 

Sereno  Brazelton,  Normal,  Co.  H,  48th  Infantry. 

Harold  W.  Brandon,   Bellftower. 

Vernon  Bradford,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

Fred  Brandt,  Bellflower,  Infantry. 

Sylvan  Breese,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Fremont  M.  Breidenbach,  Cooksville,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Oscar  J.  Breidenbach,  Cooksville,  Co.  F,  345th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

William  H.  Breidenbach,  Cooksville,  Co.  G,   144th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.   Edward  Brennan,   Bloomington,   Aviation,  Chanute   Field. 

Frank  A.   Brennan,   Bloomington,  Naval   Machinist,   U.   S.   S.   Prometheus. 

Patrick  Brennan,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

William  T.  Brennan,  Bloomington,  Hospital  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

•Sergt.  Fred  Brenning,  Bloomington,  Camp  Stanley. 

Howard  A.  Brent,  Bloomington,  Co.  I,  370th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Emerson  W.  Brewer,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.,.  Camp  Grant. 

Corp.  Homer  D.  Bridges,  Stanford,  149th  D.  A.     Wounded  in  action. 

Thomas  Brigham,  Bloomington,  Wesleyan  S.   A.   T.  C. 

Corp.  John  Bright,  Normal,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  William  M.  Bright,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.,  Infantry,  Medical  Dept. 

Donald  Bringham,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Lawrence  Bringham,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Russell  W.  Bringham,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  124th  M.  G.  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 

Wagoner  W.  E.  Brinkley,  Bloominaton,  A.  E.  F. 

W.  E.  Brinkley,  Mt.  Hope,  Infantry. 

Carleton  L.  Brining,  Leroy.     Died. 

Ralph  Britton,  Bloomington,   16th  Photo   Section,   Aviation,  A.  E.   F. 

Corp.  Chas.  Broadhead,  Bloomington,  341  S.  T.  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Bugler  Cecil  Brooks,  Chenoa,  A.  E.  F. 

Roy  G.  Brookshier,  Bloomington,  13th  Reg.  Marines. 

Sergt.   Albert   W.   Brown,   Chenoa,   Infantry. 

Bernard  Brown,  Colfax,  Co.  C,  2d  Regiment  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Clifford  Brown,  Mt.  Hope,  Infantry. 

Earl  Brown,  Lexington,  106th  Engineers.     Died  at  Le  Havre,  France. 

Edgar  M.  Brown,  Bloomington,  168th  Machine  Gun,  A.  E.  F. 

Edward  S.  Brown,  Normal,  Naval  Reserve. 

Bert  Edward  Brown,  Bloomington,  Bat.  F,  2d  F.  A.  R.  D. 

Kdwin  Brown,  Mt.  Hope,  Infantry. 

Ellis  E.   Brown,   Bloomington,  Co.  H,  143rd  Infantry. 

Ephraim  Brown,  Randolph,  Infantry. 

Kverett  C.  Brookshier,  Bloomington,  A.  E.  F. 

Frank  M.  Brown,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.   F. 

Howard  C.  Brown,  Downs,  Yeoman,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

James  J.  Brook,  Saybrook,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 

Herman   E.  Brown,   Colfax,   Infantry. 

John  R.  Brown,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Joseph  Brown,  Colfax,  Navy. 

Milner  Brown,  Normal,  Navy. 

Peter  J.  Brown,  Normal,  Naval  Aviation. 

Richard  Brown,  Bloomington,  108th  Infantry,  27th  Division,  A.  E.  F. 

Rev.  R.  D.  Brown,  Leroy,  Chaplain,  Kelly  Field. 

R.   E.  Brown,  Bloomington,  Artillery. 


406 McLEAN  COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 

Eoy  Browning,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Russell  Brown,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Walter  D.  Brown,  Lexington,  Balloon  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Warren  Broughton,  Bloomington,  352d  Aero  Squadron. 

Otto  G.  Bruce,  Bloomington,  Aviation. 

Elmer  Henry  Brucker,  Cropsey,  28th  Division,  A.  E.  F. 

Maurice  G.  Brumback,  Saybrook,   124th  Infantry,  31st  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

William  Brunker,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Campbell  E.  Brunton,  Bloomington,  Ambulance  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Ernest  A.  Brust,  Bloomington,  Minelayer  in  Navy,  European  Waters. 

Gilmore  Brust,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  llth  Supply  Train,  A.  E.  F. 

Harley  H.  Bryant,  Towanda,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Isaac  Bryant,  Towanda,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Thomas  Phillip  Bryant,  Bloomington,  13th  Engineers  and  Tel.  Btn.,  Signal 

Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Arthur  Buchanan,  Bloomington,  Apprentice  Seaman. 
Meddie  Buck,  Cropsey,  Co.  L,  39th  Inf.,  4th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Clifton  Buckles,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.   E.  F. 
Dean  D.  Buckles,  Bloomington,  Aviation. 
Harry  Buckles,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
M.  Buckley,  Randolph,  Infantry. 
William  Buckley,  Randolph,  Infantry. 
Fred  E.   Buess,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Ralph  Buffham,   Bloomington,  Military  Police,  Camp  Funston. 
Cecil  Buford,  McLean,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded  in  action. 
Leonard  Bunch,  Danvers,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Lost  Jeg  from  wounds. 
Curtis  Bundy,  Lexington,  16th  Infantry,  Camp  Mills. 
Corp.  Curtis  Bundy,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  150th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Roy  Bundy,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  10th  D.  S.  T.,  Camp  Holabird,  Md. 
Roy  Bundy,  Lexington,   10th  Motor  Supply  Company,  Baltimore,  Md. 
Isaac  E.  Bunn,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Ralph  Bunnell,  Bloomington,  M.  T.  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
H.  Lyle   Burch,   Bloomington,  Signal  Corps,   Fort  Leavenworth. 
William  Burchette,  Randolph,  Infantry. 
Arthur  L.  Burdette,  Danvers,  Sixth  Marines,  A.  E.  F. 
Harris  Burdette,  Dry  Grove,  Navy. 
Claude  Burger,  Mt.  Hope,  Infantry. 

Dewey  Burger,  McLean,  Co.  E,  16th  Infantry.     Killed  in  action. 
Ollie  Burger,  Mt.  Hope,  Infantry. 
Lloyd  Burger,  Mt.  Hope,  Infantry. 

^  Dewey  O.  Burk,  Lexington,   Co.  H,  48th  Infantry,  Greenville,  S.  C. 
Sergt.  James  J.  Burke,  Lexington,  Third  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Miss  Mary  Burke,  Bloomington,  R«d  Cross,  A.  E.  F. 
Musician  Paul  Burke,  Bloomington. 

Harry  Burkey,  137th  Machine  Gun  Battalion,  78th  Division,  A.  E.  F. 
Solomon  Burkey,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Edgar  Burkhead,  Bloomington,  83rd  Aero  Squadron,  Langley  Field. 
John  Burkholder,  Mt.  Hope,  Infantry. 
John  Burkholder,  Normal,  Medical  Corps.  , 

Sergt.   Willis   A.    Burkholder,   Mt.    Hope,   345th   Regiment,    87th   Division, 

A.  E.  F. 

Jacob  J.  Burmaster,  Danvers,  Infantry. 
Elmer  Burnette,  Bloomington,  130th  Machine  Gun  Battalion,  35th  Division, 

A.  E.  F. 

Ortho  Burnett,  Mt.  Hope,  Infantry. 
George  W.  Burnham,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Edward  Burns,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Richard  J.  Burns,  Bloomington,  Naval  Machinist,  U.  S.  S.  Kearsarge. 


McLEAN  COUNTY  AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 407 

Willard  J.  Burns,  Bloomington,  Signal  Corps. 

Sergt.  Ralph  Burtis,  Normal,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Charles  J.  Burton,  Colfax,  34th  Engineers,  Camp  Dix. 

Henry  C.  Burton,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

Lowell  S.  Burton,  Stanford,  Co.  H,  ?30th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Fred  Busald,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Clarence  Busby,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Grover  Busby,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Harry  Busby,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Ray  Busby,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Richard  Busby,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Robert  Busby,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Fred  Busse,  Bellflower,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Louis  B.  Bush,  Normal,  Medical  Corps,  S.  O.  S.,  A.  E.  F. 

Hubert  J.  Bustle,  Mackinaw,  Cook,  Co.  A,  160th  Ammunition  Train,  31st 

Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
H.  R.  Bustle,  Bloomington,  Battery  B,  13th  Battalion,  5th  Regiment,  Camp 

Taylor,  Kentucky. 

Otto  A.  Buth,  Danvers,  14th  Veterinary  Hospital  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Charles  E.  Butler,  Saybrook,  Truck  Driver,  Camp  Greene. 
Charles  Butler,  Bloomington,  Section  64,  Hospital  Corps. 
Earl  Butler,  Saybrook,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
John  Butler,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Ralph  E.  Butler,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Department. 
Clay  Button,  Cropsey,  Infantry. 

Lloyd  G.  Buzick,  Lexington,  llth  Infantry,  Camp  Wheeler. 
Corp.  Edward  Bynum,  Bloomington,  370th  Infantry. 
Lincoln  Bynum,  370th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Rudolph  M.  Byquist,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 


COMMISSIONED  OFFICEES 

Major  John  Bruce  Carlock,  Bloomington,  First  Gas  Regiment,  A.  E.  F. 

Capt.  Thomas  D.  Cantrell,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Capt.  Daniel  Carroll,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 

Capt.  Merle  Catterlin,  Heyworth,  Dental  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Capt.  A.  J.  Casner,  Bloomington,  Base  Hospital,  Section  H,  Ft.  Riley. 

Capt.  Lester  B.  Gavins,  Bloomington,  Medical  Reserve,  Camp  Greenleaf. 

Capt.  Louis  H.  Colehower,  Normal,  Infantry,  Camp  Taylor. 

Capt.  O.  A.  Coss,  Arrowsmith,  Medical  Corps,  Transport  Physician. 

Capt.  John  G.  Coulter,  Bloomington,  Agricultural  Bureau  Director,  A.  E.  F. 

Ensign  Russell  Courtright,  Normal,  Assistant  Paymaster,  Navy. 

Capt.  T.  Burr  Crigler,  Normal,  Machine  Gun  Company,  Camp  Hancock. 

Lieut.  Harry  H.  Carrithers,  Hudson,  Aviation,  Kelly  Field,  Texas. 

Lieut.  P.  M.  Carter,  Bloomington,  Navy  Chaplain,  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Lieut.  Thomas  M.  Carter,  Bloomington,  Army  Chaplain. 

Lieut.  Robert  H.  Carson,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Vancouver. 

Lieut.  Benjamin  Cassidy,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Dean  W.  Charni,  Bloomington,  O.  T.  C.,  Camp  Gordon. 

Lieut.  S.  R.  Claggett,  Lexington,  833d  Machine  Gun  Battalion,  86th  Div., 

A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  John  F.  Clark,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  C.  B.  Clarno,  Bloomington,  Dental  Corps,  Fort  Oglethorpe. 
Lieut.  Herbert  S.  Cline,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  C.,  Camp  Upton. 
Lieut.  Charles  Coen,  Normal,  Chemical  Dept.,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Bayard  F.  Collins,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  A.  E.  F. 


408 McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WO  ELD    WAR 

Lieut.  J.  J.  Condon,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Fort  Oglethorpe. 

Lieut.  Wilbur  E.   Cooke,   Bloomington,   Signal  Corps,   410th   Tel.   Battery, 

A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Fred  H.  Cox,  Normal,  Machine  Gun  Battalion.  86th  Division,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  James  Vincent  Cox,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Langley  Field,  Va. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

James  Cahill,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Eex  S.  Cain,  Bloomington,  Navy  Badio. 

Sergt.  Napoleon  Calamese,  Normal,  809th  Pioneer  Infantry,  A.  E.   F. 

Orville  Calamese,  Normal,  Navy,  Battleship  Vermont. 

Sergt.  James  S.  Caldwell,  Meadows,  Infantry. 

James  Caldwell,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Everett  Calhoun,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.    Everett    M.    Calhoun,    Bloomington,    Medical    Department,    Comp. 

Hospital,  A.  E.  F. 
Elbert    W.    Callahan,    Bloomington,    Machine    Gun    Co.,    48th    Inf.,   Camp 

Sheridan. 

Francis  J.  Callahan,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Sergt.  Martin  L.  Callahan,  Bloomington,  9th  Co.,  L.  I.  S.,  Fort  Wright. 
Sergt.  Neil  Callahan,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Shelby,  Miss. 
Donald  G.  Callaway,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Guy  Galloway,  Bloomiugton,  Navy. 

Sergt.  Everett  Camp,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Meade. 
James  H.  Camp,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Henry  Campbell,  McLean,  Infantry.     Killed  in  action. 

Howard  E.  Campbell,  Bloomington,  124th  M.  G.  Btn.     Wounded  in  action. 
Ivan  D.  Campbell,  Stanford,  Coast  Artillery. 
William  H.   Campbell,  Bloomington,   139th  Infantry,  A.   E.  F.     Killed  in 

action. 

James  H.  Camper,  Heyworth,  161st  Depot  Brigade,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
WUliam  Cannoy,  Saybrook,  Co.  D,  116th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Lyman  L.  Canaday,  Colfax,  Infantry. 
Edward  Canan,  Normal,  Q.  M.,  Camp  Johnson. 
Don  Canady,  Heyworth,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Glenn  Canady,  Heyworth,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Willard  B.  Canopy,  Normal,  S.  A.  T.  C. 
Clarence    Carbaugh,   Bellflower,   Infantry. 
John  Carberry,  Bloomington,  Engineering,  A.  E.  F. 
Eoland  W.  Carlock,  Carlock,  14th  Photo  Section,  A.  E.  F. 
Albert  M.  Carlson,  Ellsworth,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Clarence  D.  Carlson,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Frank  E.  Carlson,  Normal,  13th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
John  F.  Carlson,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
John  T.  Carlson,  Normal,  Co.  L,  13th  Marines,  A.  E.  F. 
Warner  Carlyle,  Bellflower,  Infantry. 
Arthur  L.  Carmen,  Normal,  Medical  Corps. 
Eex.  S.  Cam,  Bloomington,  Navy  Eadio. 

Dr.   John  Carnahan,   Bloomington,   Veterinary,   Canadian   Army,   Overseas. 
John  J.  Carnahan,  Bloomington,  176th  Overseas  Battery,  Canadian  Army. 
Sergt.  Eobert   D.   Carnahan,  Bloomington,   97th  Aero   Squadron,  A.   E.   F. 
Bay  E.  Carnahan,  Bloomington,  Musician,  17th  Field  Artillery. 
Eichard  E.  Carney,  Bloomington,  Co.  I,  23rd  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Charles  Carr,  Bloomington,  Signal  Corps,  Texas. 
Sergt.  Floyd  W.  Carr,  Bloomington,  Co.  7,  Development  Bat.,  Camp  Wheeler. 
Porter  Carr,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  Signal  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Eichard  Carr,  Bloomington,  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 409 

Boy  Carr,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

James  Carrell,  Jr.,  Arrowsmith,  Infantry.    Died  at  Camp  Grant. 

John  Carrington,  Normal,  Infantry. 

Ansley  Carson,  Lexington,  Co.  N,  35th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Ermin  B.  Carter,  McLean,  Infantry,  Camp  Lee,  Va. 

Warren  Cartmell,  Normal,  Navy. 

Sergt.  J.  D.  Carpenter,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Ollie  H.  Carpenter,  Lexington,  Battery  B,  2d  T.  M.  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 

W.  Lee  Carpenter,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Fred  G.  Gary,  Saybrook,  138th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Earl  M.  Case,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  6th  Signal  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

La  Rue  Cash,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Burton  C.  Castle,  Bloomington,  Officers'  Training,  Camp  Grant. 

Drew  W.  Castle,  Gridley,  310th  Aero  Squadron. 

Robert  Castle,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Ray  Casper,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

Ted  Catanzan,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  110th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

William  J.  Cation,  Bloomington,  Cavalry. 

Prof.  Elmer  W.  Cavins,  Normal,  Educational  Work,  A.  E.  F. 

Warren  Cavins,  Normal,   Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Charles   Centers,    Bloomington,   Infantry,   Camp   Dodge. 

Earl  Centers,  Colfax,  Infantry,  Ft.  Sill. 

Roy  Chambers,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Milo  Chaney,  Downs,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Died  from  wounds. 

Corp.  Albert '  T.  Chapman,  Chenoa,   Infantry,  Camp1  Sheridan. 

Sergt.  Arnett  S.  Chapin,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Martin  R.  Chapman,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  89th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Richard  E.  Chapman,  Carloek,  Co.  I,  55th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Russell  Chase,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Fred  L.  Cheek,  McLean,  Co.  B,  112th  M.  G.,  Camp  Logan. 

Sergt.  Paul  H.  Cheshire,  Colfax,  19th  Co.,  C.  O.  T.  C.,  Camp  Lee. 

Corp.  R.  R.  Cheney,  Saybrook,  Medical  Corps. 

James  Chestney,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 

Arthur  Chism,  Bloomington,  Mechanic,  Navy  Yards,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Chester  W.  Chism,  Bloomington,  Sharpshooter,  Navy,  Coach  at  rifle  range, 

Glenburnie,  Maryland. 

Howard  S.  Chrisman,  Bloomington,  Motor  Transport  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Edward  W.  Chrisman,  Normal,  M.  O.  T.  C.,  Camp  Greenleaf. 
Alfred  Christensen,  Leroy,  Hospital. 

Roy  E.  Christman,  Normal,  91st  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
Okey  Christy,  Randolph,  Infantry. 
Joel  H.   Churchill,  Bloomington,  Fireman. 
Frank  Chuse,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  A.  E.  F. 
Harry  Clack,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Major  Chester  L.  Claggett,  Lexington,  Co.  A,  S.  A.  T.  C.,  Omaha,  Neb. 
Ervin  J.  Claggett,  Lexington,  Navy,  U.  S.  S.  Gen.  Knox. 
Edwin  Clamon,   Bloomington,  Navy. 
Corp.   Alfred   H.   Clark,    Bloomington,   Chemical  Water   Service,   American 

University,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Dana  O.  Clark,  Towanda,  Artillery,  Ft.  Caswell. 
George  Clark,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

James  A.  Clark,  Bloomington,  Fireman,  28th  Engineering  Division. 
Leo  F.  Clark,  Blomington,  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Mark  L.  Clark,  Bloomington,   Navy  Radio,  Second  Division. 
Henson  E.  Clark,  Bloomington,  S.  A.  T.  C.  at  Wesleyan. 
Paul  Douglas  Clark,  Colfax,  30th  Co.,  5th  Regt.,  Marine  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Cadet  Roy  E.  Clark,  Colfax,  Camp  Dick,  Texas. 
R.  E.  Clark,  Colfax,  Navy. 


410  McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

Sergt.  Vernon  Clark,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Wheeler. 

Charles  A.  Clarke,  Bloomington,  Navy.     Died  at  Great  Lakes  Hospital. 

Corp.  Earl  Clawson,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Erick  Clawson,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Travis. 

William   J.  Clawson,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Edmund  G.  Cleveland,  Bloomington,  Bat.  E,  134th  Artillery,  Camp  Eustis. 

Harry  Clevenger,  Leroy,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  John  Cleary,  Bloomington,  637  Aero  Supply  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Michael  Cleary,  Gridley,  Infantry,  Camp  Taylor. 

John  R.  Clickener,  Bloomington,  U.  S.  Naval  Eeserve  Forces. 

Gerald 'Cline,  Leroy,  Hospital  Corps. 

James  Clifford,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Sergt.  John  A.  Boss  Clickener,  Bloomington,  Navy,"  Great  Lakes. 

L.  Clifford,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

William  Clinton,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Robert  Clugston,  Bloomington,  Battery  F,  305  Artillery,  A.   E.   F. 

John  Louis  Cobb,  Normal,  159th  D.  B.,  Sergeant  Major. 

Russell  Cochran,  Bloomington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 

R.  W.  Cochran,  Lexington,  Navy,  U.  S.  S.  Virginia. 

Carl  C.  Cody,  Bloomington,  Auto  Mechanic. 

Donald  Coen,  Normal,  Aviation. 

Eugene  Gofer,  Bloomington,  R.  R.  3,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Eugene  Gofer,  Bloomington,  345th  Battery,  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Ralph  Coit,  Saybrook,  Co.  L,  345th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded  in  action. 

Todd  Coit,  Bellflower,  Infantry. 

Wayne  A.  Colaw,  Downs,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Fred  Cole,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  Third  Trans.,  A.  E.  F. 

J.  Ivan  Cole,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Sea  Duty. 

Sergt.  Edgar  Collier,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.  and  Army  of  Occupation. 

Roy  M.  Collier,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Cecil  D.  Collins,  Holder,  Co.  B,  124th  Machine  Gun  Battery,  A.  E.  F. 

Joe  Collins,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

John  Collins,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  306th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Roger  Collins,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  D.,  Camp  Meigs. 

Roy  Collins,  Bloomington,  Boilermaker. 

Alfred  Co-lt,  Saybrook,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Victor  W.  Collum,  Chenoa,  Baker,  Co.  310,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.   David  R.   Collum,   Chenoa,   Headquarters  Company,   Balloon   Wing, 

A.  E.  F. 

Charles  Compher,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 
Henry  Comstock,  Normal,  Infantry,  Fort  Reilley. 
Arthur   M.   Condon,   Bloomington,   Chief   Yeoman,   Navy. 
Frank  Condon,  Bloomington,  Plumber. 

George  F.  Condon,  Heyworth,  Musician,  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
George  F.  Condon,  Hudson,  Musician,   106th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
H.  Leroy  Cone,  308  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Hal  W.  Conefy,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Arthur  Conklin,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Harry  Conklin,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Ben  Conlee,  Bloomington,  Co.   A,   34th  Infantry,   A.   E.   F.     Wounded   in 

action. 

Edgar  Conley,   Bloomington,  Petty  Officer,  Navy. 

Eugene  T.  Conley,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  306th  Infantry.     Killed  in  action. 
Corp.  George  Connelley,  Bloomington,  20th  Co.,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Orville  Conger,  Lexington,  Co.  F,  46th  Infantry,  Camp  Sheridan. 
R.  D.  Conger,  Lexington,  28th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
Alvin  A.  Conrad,  Bloomington,  Coxswain,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Clifford  Conrad,  Normal,  Motor  Mechanic,  A.   E.  F. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 411 

Scrgt.  David  Conroy,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Fort  Sill. 

Francis   Conroy,   Bloomington,    Motor   Transport   Service,  Fort   Sill,   Okla. 

Morris  J.  Conroy,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Corp.   George   O.   Constant,   Bloomington,   68th  Artillery,  A.   E.   F. 

Paul  M.  Coogan,  Bloomington,  Post  Printer,  Chanute  Field. 

Corp.  Cary  Cook,  Lexington,  Co.  C,  Motor  Truck  Supply  Train,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  David  E.  Cook,  Danvers,  Medical  Department,  A.  E.  F. 

Fred  W.  Cook,  Bloomington,  Hospital  Apprentice,  Second  Class,  Navy. 

Gaines  Cook,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Corp.  H.  Lee  Cooke,  Bloomington,  124th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Bay  Cook,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Fort  Wright. 

Richard  Cook,  Bloomington,  Naval  Aviation,  Great  Lakes. 

Richard  L.  Cook,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  R.  W.  Cook,  Lexington,  Co.  G,  36th  Infantry,  Camp  Devens. 

Thomas  Cook,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Willis  Cook,   Danvers,   Infantry. 

Edwin  H.  Cooke,  Bloomington,  First   Train  Field  Battery,  Camp   Taylor. 

Sergt.  Dwight  Cooksley,  Infantry. 

Francis  Coolidge,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Carl  E.  Coon,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  106th  Ammunition  Train,  A.  E.  F. 

Claude  Coon,  Heyworth,  Mine-laying  Detachment,  Fort  Wright. 

Thomas  Cooney,  139  Mach.  Gun  Co.     Died  in  France. 

Sergt.   Albert   Coomer,    Bloomington,    164th  Depot   Brig. 

Leslie  Coomer,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 

Ellsworth  Cooper,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

John  Cooper,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Houston,   Texas. 

John  W.  Cooper,  Normal,  124th  Machine  Gun  Btn.,  A.  E.  F.     Gassed. 

Stanley  Cooper,  Bloomington,  Fireman,  Navy. 

T.  W.  Cooper,  Bloomington,  Aviation. 

Ivan  Cope,  Arrowsmith,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Onal  M.  Cope,  Arrowsmith,  Co.  C,  2d  U.  S.  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  William  C.  Coper,  Normal,  810th  Aero  Squadron,  Indianapolis. 

James  K.  Coppenberger,  Normal,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Vernon  Coppenberger,  Normal,  434th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Edward  J.  Corbley,  Grid-ley,  Infantry. 

John  Corbley,  Bloomington,  Fort  Prette,  Coast  Artillery. 

Edward  J.  Corbitt,  Gridley,  Q.  M.  C.,  Camp  Merritt,  N.  J. 

S.   C.   Corcoran,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Charles  Edward  Cordes,  Towanda,  Remount  Depot,  Camp  Wheeler,  Ga. 

Howard  Corey,  Bloomington,  Mechanic,  Transportation  Service,  A.  E.  F. 

Clyde  Cornell,  Colfax,  Infantry,  Fort  Wright. 

Jesse  T.  Cornell,  Colfax,  Co.  D,  36th  Infantry,  Arizona. 

Pascal  Cornelius,  McLean,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Thurlow  Cornwell,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

George  Corson,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery. 

George  M.  Corson,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery,  Fort  Greble. 

Mascel  Cory,  Saybrook,  Infantry. 

Nicholas  Cosma,  Anchor,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  T.  Ivan  Costigan,  Bloomington,  124th  Machine  Gun,  A.  E.  F.    Gassed. 

W.  F.  Cotner,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

H.  E.  Couchman,  Bloomington,  Ordnance,  Camp  Hancock. 

Dudley  Courtright,  Normal,  Navy  Aviation. 

Corp.    Edwin    H.    Courtright,    Lexington,    Headquarters    Co.,    3d    Pioneer 

Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Lyle  Courtright,  Normal,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Chester  A.  Cowan,  McLean,  Co.  A,  139th  Machine  Gun  Battery,  A.  E.  F. 
Lester  J.  Cowan,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Bruner  G.  Cox,  Bloomington,  5th  Field  Artillery  Brigade,  5th  Division. 


412  McLEAN   COUXTY   AM)    THE    ti'OKLl)    WAR 

Carroll  D.  Cox,  Normal,  Yeoman,  Navy. 

Frank  Cox,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.    John    F.    Cox,    Bloomington,    Infantry,    General    Hospital,    Camp 

Oglethorpe. 

Eussell  Cox,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.   E.  F. 
Marcus  Coyle,  GridJey,  Navy. 
Opie  Coyle,  Saybrook,  Q.  M.  Div.,  Jacksonville. 
Ross  Coyle,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Fort  Banks,  A.  E.  F. 
John  E.  Crabbe,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge. 
Ben  Craft,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Fort  Wright. 
Glen  Craig,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Ealph  Craig,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery,  Pensacola,  Fla. 
Eoy  M.  Craig,  McLean,  Infantry. 
Walter  Craig,  Infantry. 

Corp.  William  B.  Craig,  Bloomington,  648th  Aero,  A.  E.  F. 
Abner  H.  Crane,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
John  Crane,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Hadley  Crayton,  Towanda,  Machinist. 

Marvin  W.  Crawford,  Normal,  Co.  A,  326th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Leonard  C.  Crego,  Bloomington,  Wireless  Operator,  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
John  M.  Crichton,  Towanda,  338th  Machine  Gun  Battalion,  A.  E.  F. 
Ralph  Crise,  122nd  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Jessie  Criswell,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
W.  H.  Crockett,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Ina  A.  Crookshank,  Randolph,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Ira  Crookshank,  Heyworth,  Medical  Corps,  Base  Hospital,  63,  A.  E.  F. 
Hubert  M.  Cropper,  Mdc.  Detachment,  56th  Infantry,  7th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Clifton  A.  Crosby,  Medical,  Camp  Jackson. 
Frank  J.  Crosby,  Normal,  Co.  D,  116th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Lynn  R.  Grose,  Towanda,  Pelham  Naval  Station,  N.  Y. 
Corp.  L.  H.  Crosland,  Normal,  Co.  B,  111  Signal  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
Lawrence  Cross,  Anchor,  Infantry,  Camp  Pike,  A.  E.  F. 
Ralph  W.  Grose,  Towanda,  Battery  E,  15th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Earl  Crotinger,  Saybrook,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
John  H.  Crow,  Bloomington,  Electrician. 
Clarence  E.  Crowford,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Mills. 
Donald    Cruikshank,    Heyworth,    Infantry,    302    Amm.    Train.,    77th    Div., 

A.  E.  F. 

Roe  Cruikshank,  Heyworth,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Meigs. 
Chester  Cruse,  Colfax,  Infantry,  Camp  Dick,  Co.  D,  46th  Infantry. 
Ralph  E.  Cruise,  Carlock,  Infantry. 
Ira  Walton  Cram,  Cropsey,  Navy,  Ocean  Service. 
Ivan  Dwight  Crum,  Cropsey,  Officers'  School,  Ft.   Monroe. 
Robert  H.  Crum,  Normal,  Aviation,  I.  A.  S.  M.  Reg.  M.  A.,  A.  E.  F. 
William  L.  Crum,  Lexington,  344th  M.  G.  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
William  M.  Crum,  Lexington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded  in  action. 
Corp.  Clarence  C.  Crumbaker    Bloomington,  Co.  B,  Machine  Gun  Battalion, 

A.  E.  F. 

Paul  Crumbaker,  McLean,  Co.  F,  46th  Infantry,  Camp  Sheridan,  Ala. 
Bernie   Crump,   Colfax,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Clifford  L.  Crumbaugh,  Leroy,  Hdqtrs.  Detachment,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  C.  R.  Crumbaugh,  Leroy,  Infantry.  A.  E.  F. 
Elmer  Crump,  Colfax,  Infantry,  Co.  H,  352d  Infantry. 
Michael  K.  Crunski,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery. 
Walter  J.  Crushaver,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Corp.  Harvey  Crusius,  Colfax,  12th  Balloon  Co.,  A.  E.  F. 
Perry  J.  Crutcher,  Ellsworth,  Q.  M.,  Infantry. 
Charles  W.  Culbertson,  Bloomington,  88th  Inf.,  19th  Div.,  Musician,  A.  E.  F. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


413 


NAVY   GROUP 

']'<>)>  Row   (left  to  right)—  Earl  Bach,   Howard  D.  Rhea,   L.   R.   Cash. 
Second  Row — Cecil   Popejoy,   Walford  A.    Schwaab,   John   M.   Kumler. 
Third    Row— Jesse    Fisher,    Clifford    Y.    Stubblefield,    Lynn    E.    Givens. 


414 McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAS 

George  Cufaude,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Lawrence  Culbertson,  Danvers,  Aviation. 

Francis  M.  Cullen,  Bloomington,  Second  Class  Seaman,  Navy. 

George  Cunningham,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Ora   Cunningham,   Bloomington,   Navy. 

Arthur  Curtis,  Bellflower,  Infantry. 

David  Currin,  Bloomington,  Bat.  D,  68th  Regt.  Heavy  Artillery. 

Loren  B.  Curry,  Normal,  Chemical  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 


COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Capt.  Paul  DeMange,  Bloomington,  Bat.  Adju.,  Ammunition  Train  Service, 

A.  E.  F. 

Capt.  Ralph  C.  DeMange,  Bloomington,  Field  Artillery,  Camp  Taylor. 
Capt.  Roy  H.  Dillon,  Normal,  Engineer  Corps,  Camp  Humphreys,  Va. 
Lieut.  Frank  G.  Daniels,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  L.   A.   Daniels,   Bloomington,   Aviation,   Camp   Jackson. 
Lieut.  Louis    E.    Davis,    Bloomington,    Aviation.      Killed    in    accident    at 

Ellington  Field. 

Lieut.  Roy  T.  Deal,  Normal,  Tank  Division,  302d  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Frank  Deneen,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Meade. 
Lieut.  (Junior  grade)  Chas.  Byron  Day,  Bloomington,  Destroyer  Flotilla, 

U.  S.  N. 

Lieut.  Joseph  W.  Depew,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Pike. 
Lieut.  D.  B.  Dolly,  Leroy,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Sebert  Dotson,   Normal,  Aviation,  A.   E.  F. 
Lieut.  Raymond  Duehr,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp   Hancock. 
Lieut.  F.   Deane   Duff,   Bloomington,   Co.   C,   6th    Engineers,   Tank   Corps, 

A.  E.  F. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Harry  Degenford,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

William  Degenford,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Alva  Degenford,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Orville  Dailey,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Otha  S.  Dailey,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Glen  A.  Dale,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Jefferson  Barracks. 

Marion  Dale,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 

Paul  Dally,  Bloomington,  Aviation,   llth  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

James  Daly,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Willis  H.  Dambold,  Bloomington,  Naval  Air  Service. 

Wm.  Carl  Dambold,  Bloomington,  Co.  G,  121st  Inf.,  A.  E.  F. 

Herman  Dambrown,  Infantry. 

Chester  Daniel,  Bloomington,   (Col.)  370th  Infantry.     Died  in  France. 

Chas.  Everett  Daniel,  Saybrook,  Co.  C,  122d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Floyd  Daniel,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Dallas,   Texas. 

Hartley  Daniel,  Normal,  Infantry,  Fullerton,  Cal. 

Sergt.  Earl  W.  Daniels,   Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,   S.  O.   S.,  A.   E.  F. 

David  Humphrey  Daniel,   Saybrook,  Infantry.     Died  on  shipboard. 

Lieut.  L.  A.  Daniels,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Camp  Jackson. 

Harry  Danison,  Bloomington,  Co.  H,  122d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Ross  Darnall,  Stanford,  335  F.  A. 

Ivo  Darr,  Colfax,  18th  Co.,  Jefferson  Barracks. 

Roland  Darst,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Robert  F.  Daugherty,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Samuel   Daugherty,   Hudson,   Infantry,   Camp   Robinson. 

Bernard  Davis,  Colfax,  138th  Infantry.     Killed  in  action. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 415 

Bert  Davis,  Cropsey,  Little  Eock,  Infantry. 

Chester  E.  Davis,  Lexington,  Hospital  Corps,  Camp  Greenleaf. 

Easton  Davis,  Infantry. 

Elmer  Davis,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  New  York. 

John  C.  Davis,  Bloomington,  Motor  Trucks. 

Lester  G.  Davis,  Bloomington,  Submarine,  A.  E.  F. 

William  Bryant  Davis,  Bloomington,  23rd  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  W.  W.  Davidson,  Lexington,  132d  U.  S.  Infantry,  Co.  B,  A.  E.  F. 

Edward  H.  Davison,  Bloomington,  Field  Artillery,  Camp  Taylor. 

Corp.  Harry  Davison,  Infantry,  Ordnance  Department. 

Sergt.  A.  L.  Dawson,  Lexington,  Co.  E,  605th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Charles  E.  Dawson,  Danvers,  Infantry. 

Elmer  L.  Day,  BeJlflower,  10th  Co.,  L.  I.  S.,  Fort  Wright,  A.  E.  F. 

Gerald  Day,  Bloomington,  Co.  E,  2nd  Bat.,  Engineers,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Marion  B.  Day,  Bloomington,  Medical  Department,  Co.  G,  28th  Infantry, 

A.  E.  F. 

Esek  Earl  Day,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Eussell  M.  Day,  Bloomington,  Field  Artillery. 
Lawrence  Deal,  Danvers,  Navy. 
Elden  Dean,  Fletcher,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Owen  E.  Dean,  Co.  F,  52d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Will  Dean,  Towanda,  Infantry. 

Oscar  Deane,  Colfax,  Co.  2,  Motor  Transport,  A.  E.  F. 

Ealph  J.  Deane,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Corps,  Camp  Travis,  San  Antonio,  Tex. 
Frank  E.  Dearth,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Camp  Omaha. 
Edgar  Deatrick,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Sergt.  Homer  Deaton,  Bloomington,   Signal  Corps,   311th  Field  Battalion, 

A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Marquis  S.  Deaver,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery,  Camp  Eustis. 
Isaiah  Deckard,  Carlock,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Killed  in  action. 
Alvin  E.  Decker,   Colfax,  Infantry. 
Fay  B.  Decker,  Bloomington,  Aviation. 
Sam  DeHart,  Stanford,  Infantry. 
Clarence  Dehner,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 
Merwin  Deitrich,  Signal  Corps,  Kelly  Field. 
Patrick  J.  Delmar,  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge. 
Frank  E.  DeMoss,  Bloomington,  Navy,  U.  S.  S.  St.  Paul. 
Alvah  H.  Denning,  Bloomington,  68th  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Clarence  Denison,  McLean,  Infantry. 
Alvadore  Dennis,  Ellsworth,  Apprentice  Seaman. 
Charles  B.  Dennis,  Infantry. 
Corp.  Eston  Dennis,  Normal,  Bugler,  Panama. 

Harry  Dennis,  Bloomington,  Eailroad  Engineer,  Co.  A,  39th,  Camp  Upton. 
James  G.  Dennis,  Normal,  Co.  B,   124th  M.   G.  Bat.,  33rd  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Olin  E.  Dennis,  Ellsworth,  Signal  Corps,  Operator,  A.  E.  F. 
Pearl  Dennis,  Normal,  Head  Cook,  Camp  Logan. 
Corp.  Sherman  Dennis,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Noble  Deputy,  Bloomington,  Medical  Service. 
Eeynolds  DeSilva,  U.  S.  S.  Eadio  Operator,  Sea  Duty. 
Sergt.    Harry    L.    Deutsch,    Bloomington,    Medical    Corps,    Base    Hospital, 

Camp  Lee. 

Oscar  Deutsch,  Towanda,  Infantry,  Camp  Mills. 
Frank  DeValon,  Co.  B,  23d  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
William   H.   Devine,   Bloomington,   Eailroad  Engineer. 
Willard  Devore,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Evacuation  Hospital  13. 
Corp.  Leonard  Dexter,  Co.  A,  328th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.    Wounded. 
Sergt.   John  Eobert  Dewenter,  Bloomington,  S.  A.  T.   C. 
Sergt.  George  Dey,  Chenoa,  Camp  Logan. 


416 McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 

John  Deynzer,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Bumford. 

John  Dial,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Edward  Dial,  Danvers,  Infantry. 

Harry  Kimball  Dick,  Eng.  Officers  Training  School,  Camp  Humphreys,  Va. 

Sergt.   William   S.  Dickey,   Normal,   2d   Co.,  Aviation   Mechanic,  A.   E.   F. 

Pearl  W.  Dickerson,  Leroy,  Coast  Artillery.     Drowned  at  sea. 

Robert  Dickson,  Stanford,  126th  Inf.,  82d  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  William  Diebold,  Bloomington,  345th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Henry  Diggle,  Gridley,  Infantry. 

Eobert  Dillman,  Bloomington,  Co.   M,   121st  Infantry,  A.   E.  F. 

Dean  Dillon,   Normal,  Co.   E,   Casual   Bat.,  Camp   Merritt. 

Elmo  Dillon,  Bloomington,  E.  R.  Motor  Service,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Adolph  Dimler,  Bloomington,  360th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Charles  E.  Dimmett,  Bloomington,  437th  Eng.  Detach.,  Washington. 

D.  C. 

James  Dungey,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Sergt.  Earl  Dishong,  McLean,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Ralph  H.  Dissell,  Bloomington,  Motor  Truck,  Co.  314,  A.  E.  F. 
William  Dixon,  Ellsworth,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Charles  Dodge,  Bloomington,  Signal  Corps,  Aviation. 
Chester  Dodge,  Normal,  Infantry. 
Lawrence  E.  Dodge,  Normal,  S.  A.   T.  C.,  Wesleyan. 
Elmer  Dodge,  Heyworth,  Camp  Dodge. 
Sergt.  Frank  Dodgson,  4th  Am.  Tr..  Co,  E,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Gus  D.  Doenitz,  Holder,  Camp  Stuart,  Newport  News,  Unit  348. 
John  G.  Doenitz,  Holder,  Co.  B,  108th  Supply  Train,  A.  E.  F. 
Elmer  Doggette,  Leroy,  Infantry,  Camp  Corpus  Christi. 
Charles  A.  Doll,  Danvers,  Battery  F,  68th  Regiment,  A.  E.  F. 
James  F.  Donlon,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Raymond  E.  Donnell,  Lexington,  Hospital,   Fort  Omaha. 
Edward  A.  Donnelly,  Bloomington,  Hospital  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Harvey  B.  Donney,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

William  Donovan,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Marines,  A.  E.  F.     Gassed. 
Corp.  Clay  Guthrie  Dooley,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  314th  Sig.  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
Clifford  Dooley,-  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Clare  Dorian,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Harlan  Dorian,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Hugh  Dorland,  Engineer,  A.  E.  F. 
Adlai  S.  Dorrell,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 
Harry  Dorrell,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 
Sergt.  John  Dorrell,  Heyworth,  Co.'  96th,  6th  Regular  U.  S.  Marines.    Killed 

in   action. 

Hugh  Dorland,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

William  B.  Dorsett,  Colfax,  Post  Bakery,  Fort  Mclntosh. 
Richard  M.  Dossett,  Stanford,  Infantry,  328th  Reg.,  82d  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Roy  Dotson,  Saybrook,   Infantry,   Fort  Houston. 

William  H.  Doty,  Bloomington,  Hdqtrs.  Co.,   F.   A.   R,   D.,   Camp   Taylor. 
Sergt.  H.  G.  Dougherty,  Hudson,  Infantry. 
John  Dougherty,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  Camp  Johnson 
Sergt.  Thomas  S.  Dougherty,  Chenoa,  Co.  B,  5th  Regiment  Infantry,  Camp 

Gordon. 

Sergt.  Dwight  I.  Douglas,  Colfax,  Co.  C,  27th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  John  L.  Douglas,  Arrowsmith,  Q.  M.  C.,  Camp  Logan. 
Corp.  William  Dourgess,  Infantry. 
John  G.  Dougherty,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

Lloyd  Dowell,  Bloomington,  51st  Heavy  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Harvey  J.  Dowens,  Cropsey,  Infantry. 
Corp.  Charles  E.  Downey,  Colfax,  Co.  F,  8th  Regt.  C.  A.  C.,  A.  E.  F. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 417 

Dan  Downey,  Bloomington,  Hospital  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Edsell  B.  Downey,  Colfax,  Co.  H,  39th  Infantry.     Wounded. 

Edward  Downey,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Eugene  Downey,  Bloomington,  28th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Harvey  Downey,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

W.  P.  Downey,  Bloomington,  Aviation  Mechanic,  Kelly  Field. 

Thomas  Downing,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Fred  Downs,  Bloomington,  Navy,  1st  Class  Fireman,  U.  S.  S.  Seattle. 

Fred  Downs,  Bloomington,  Naval  Aviation,  A.  E.  F. 

William  D.  Doyles,  Saybrook,  Motor  Truck,  Co.  309,  A.  E.  F. 

George  E.  Drake,  Lexington,  Field  Artillery. 

Corp.  Paul  Draper,  Heyworth,  Co.  B,  124th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 

John  Bernard  Driscoll,   Bloomington,  Navy,   Seaman   2d   Class. 

Sine  Dudderer,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Owen  Dudley,  Bloomington,  Intelligence  Dept.,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Wounded  in  action. 
Bernard  Duehr,   Bloomington,  74th  Co.,  6th  Eegiment  Marines,  A.   E.  F. 

Wounded. 

John  W.  Duff,  Bloomington,  802d  Pioneer  Infantry,  Co.  F,  A.  E.  F. 
Bertha  Duff,  Bloomington,  Nurse,  Camp  Grant,  Base  Hospital. 
John  Dugan,  Bloomington,  Musician,  A.  E.  F. 
Leo  M.  Dugan,  Bloomington,  Gunner,  Navy. 
James  T.  Duggan,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Harry  E.  Dunakey,  Leroy,  Aviation. 
Andrus    A.    Dunbar,   Bloomington,    Motor    Transport,    Edgewood    Arsenal, 

Baltimore,  Md. 

W.  P.  Dunbar,  Normal,  Co.  B,  131st  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
James  D.  Dungey,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Eugene  Dunlap,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Miss  Bertha  Dunn,  Lexington,  Nurse,  Camp  Grant  and  Ft.  Snelling. 
James   R.   Dunn,   Bloomington,   Navy,   Machine   Instructor,   Dayton,   Ohio. 
John  J.  Dunn,  Bloomington,  9th  Bat.,  Machine  Gun,  Camp  Logan. 
Marion  W.  Dunn,  Lexington,  Co.   C,  6th  Field  Battalion,  Signal  Corps, 

A.  E.  F. 

Owen  J.  Dunn,  Bloomington,  147th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
Hester  Durham,   Chenoa,  Infantry. 
Sergt.  I.  L.  Dutsch,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Edward  Dwyer,  Cooksville,  Co.  A,  58th  Infantry.     Killed  in  action. 
Corp.  Frank  Dwyer,  Cooksville,  Ordnance,  Camp  Lee. 
John  Dwyer,  Lexington,  Infantry. 

E 

COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Capt.  Ivan  Elliott,  Bloomington,  Heavy  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  S.   W.  Eaton,  Normal,   Infantry,  Camp  Taylor. 

Ensign  Thomas  Eaton,  Normal,   Paymaster,  Navy. 

Lieut.  Harold  Crocker  Eckart,  Bloomington,  Field  Artillery,  Camp  Taylor. 

Lieut.  James  T.  Elliott,  Bloomington,  75th  Co.,   Sixth   Marines,  A.  E.  F. 

First  Lieut.  C.  A.  Eagan,  Colfax,  Co.  C,  341st  Infantry. 

Lieut.  Mark  A.  Ethell,  Bloomington,  Second  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Glenn  S.  Evans,  Normal,  Medical  Corps,  358th  Inf.,  A.  E.  F. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Tell  Eads,  Normal,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Arnold  Eades,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 
Ernest  Eades,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 


418 MCLEAN  COUNTY  AND  THE  WORLD  WAR 

James  F.  Bales,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Fort  Sheridan. 

John  L.  Easterbrook,  Saybrook,  3d  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Oliver  L.   Easterbrook,  Bloomington,  Ambulance  Corps,  A.  E.   F. 

Russell  B.    Easterbrook,   Saybrook,   79th   Field  Artillery,   Camp   McLellan. 

Samuel  E.  Eaton,  Normal,  Q.  M.,  Infantry. 

William  C.  Eberhardt,  Bloomington,  Machinist,  Aviation. 

Leo   Eckhart,  Bloomington,   92d  Aero   Squadron,  A.   E.   F. 

William  H.  Eckhart,  Weston,  Battery  C,  64th  Field  Artillery.    Died  at  Fort 

Bliss,  Texas. 

H.  O.  Echols,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  in  A.  E.  F. 
Harry  Edison,  Colfax,  Infantry 

Merle  Edmunds,  Military  Police,  6th  Army,  A.  E.  F. 
C.  E.  Edwards,  Bloomington,  Fireman  in  Navy. 
Cyrus  E.  Edwards,  Bloomington,  R.  R.  3,  Infantry. 
Sergt.  Glen  Edwards,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  123d  Machine  Gun,  A.  E.  F. 
Pearl   Edwards,  Lexington,   Machine  Gun   Company,   87th  Infantry,   Camp 

Dodge,  Iowa. 

Harry  Ege,  Bloomington,  Machine  Gun  Battalion,  A.  E.  F. 
Charles  C.  Eggleston,  Bloomington,  O.  T.  C.,  Camp  Taylor. 
George  Egle,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 
George  W.  Ehrmantraut,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
John  Ehresman,  Gridley,  Navy. 

Carl  H.   Ekstam,  Bloomington,  124th  Infantry,  35th  Div.,  A.   E.  F. 
Ambrose  Elliot,  Lexington,  Camp  Taylor. 
Clifford   Elliot,  Lexington,  Co.   3,  Ordnance,  Peniman,  Va. 
Floyd  Elliot,  Lexington,  Infantry. 
Harold  Elliot,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Ralph  Elliott,  70th  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.   Lee   H.    Ellis,   Bloomington,   Co.   B,   Machine   Gun,    124th   Infantry, 

A.  E.  F. 

Glen  Ellis,  Bellflower,  Infantry. 
Lester  I.  Elson,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Oliver  P.  Ely,  Bellflower,  Co.  B,  124th  M.  G.  Bat.,  33rd  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
James  Embrey,  Colfax,  Co.  C,  16th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
William   M.   Emily,   Bloomington,   20th   Prov.   Reg.,   Camp   Wheeler. 
Walter  Emmitt,  Co.  E,  316  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  George  Emory,  Normal,  Infantry. 

Daniel  T.   England,  Bloomington,  28th  Engineering  Div.,  A.   E.  F. 
James  F.  Engle,  Colfax,  Purdue  University. 
Arthur  E.  Englund,  349  Infantry,  Co.  A,  A.  E.  F. 
Nathan  Enix,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Harold  W.  Enos,  Bloomington,  R.  R.  5,  Navy. 
Leroy  E.  Enos,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Fay  D.  Enright,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Joe  Enser.berger,   Bloomington,   Sanitary  Corps,  Camp  Kearney. 
Fred  E.  Ensminger,  Bloomington,  Co.  E,  67th  Infantry,  7th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Julius  N.  Epstein,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Corp.  Karl  Epstein,  Bloomington,  Mechanic. 

Joseph   Erbe,    Normal,   124th   Machine   Gun,   A.   E.   F.      Killed   in   action. 
Rhinehart   Erdman,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Vancouver. 
Fred  Erickson,  Bloomington,  Marine  Corps. 
Roy  Erickson,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Ed'die  Erisman,  Stanford,  82d  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

Louis  D.  Ernst,  Normal,  Co.  A,  343d  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
Leslie  M.  Ernst,  Bloomington,  S.  A.  T.  C.  at  University  of  Illinois. 
Charles  Erps,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  123d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Clavin  Ethington,  Normail,  Aviation,  Los  Angeles. 
Corp.   Donald   Evalsizer,   Bloomington,   Co.   C,    123d   Machine   Gun,   Camp 

Logan. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 419 

Anderson  M.  Evans,  Bloomington,  Co.  H,  325th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Audrey  E.  Evans,  Bloomington,  Tank  Division,  Camp  Dix. 

Lee  H.  Evans,  Saybrook,  210th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Deane  M.  Ewing,  Stanford,  Medical,  Fort  Sill. 

Herbert   N.   Ewing,    McLean,   Co.    M,   Central    Infantry,   O.    T.    C.,   Camp 

MacArthur. 

John  Ewing,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F\ 
William  Ewing,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
William  E.  Eyehart,  Bloomington,  Machinist. 


COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Major  George  N.  Frost,  Bloomington,  Dental  Corps,  Hospital  43,  A.  E.  F. 

Capt.  Theodore  Fieker,  Lexington,  342d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Capt.  Arthur  M.  Fischbeck,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Ensign  Arthur  Farrell,  Notmal,  Navy,   Pelham  Bay. 

Capt.  E.  H.  Fuller,  Bloomington,  U.  S.  Begulars,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  J.  E.  Fawver,  Bloomington,  Veterinary  Corps,  72d  F.  A. 

Lieut.  John  L.   Feek,   Normal,  Quartermaster 's  Corps,  A.   E.  F. 

Lieut.  Frank  Felton,  Bloomington,  Infanty,  Camp   Pike. 

Lieut.  Claude  Feguson,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Kelly  Field. 

Lieut.  William  Ferguson,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Post  Field,  Okla. 

Lieut.  Lee   Flynn,  Bloomington,  Medical  Section,  Camp   Pike. 

Lieut.  Mortimer  G.  Flynn,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Garden  City,  L.  I. 

Lieut.  A.  E.  Freeman,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Archie  W.  Froehlich,  Saybrook,  Medical  Corps,  Infantry,  Camp  Pike. 

Ensign  Hollis   Frey,   Bloomington,   Navy. 

Lieut.  Eex  Fuller,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Lieut.  Howard  L.   Funk,  Danvers,  Co.   22,   Machine  Gun,  Camp   Hancock. 

Lieut.  Weldon  Funk,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Balph  G.   Fagerburg,  Bloomington,  Co.   61,   Unit  U,   U.    S.   N.,   Hampton 

Eoads,  Va. 

Sergt.  Louis  D.  Fahnsolow,  322,  A.  E.  F. 
William  J.  Faith,  Lexington,  Co.  A,  124th  Infantry. 
John  Fain,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Isadore  Farian,  Bloomington,  Motor  Trucks. 
Harry  Farley,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
John  Farley,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Lyman  Farley,  Heyworth,  Coast  Artillery,  Fort  Wright. 
Sergt.  Allen  E.  Farmer,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Pike. 
Tee  Farmer,  McLean,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded  in  action. 
Sergt.   Louis   K.   Farmer,   Bloomington,   Co.    G,   30th    Infantry,   A.    E.   F. 

Wounded. 
Sergt.  Van  Wade  Farmer,  Bloomington,  Co.   B,  60th   Infantry,   A.   E.  F. 

Wounded. 

William  Farris,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Eeynold  A.  Faust,  Bloomington,  Clerk,  Infantry. 
Carl  Fawver,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Hal  Fawver,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Forest  M.  C.  Fearis,  Bloomington,  13th  Inf.,  Camp  Merritt. 
Corp.  Charles  A.  Feicht,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  C.,  Camp  Johnston,  Fla. 
William  D.  Feiner,  Bloomington,  Co.  E,  25th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 


420 MCLEAN  COUNTY  AND  THE  WORLD  WAR 

John  B.  Felmley,  Normal,  Carpenters  First  Mate,  Navy. 

Corp.  Fred  Feldt,  Bloomington,  Motor  Truck  Co.  524,  A.  E.  F. 

Harold   Fenstermaker,   Bloomington,   Infantry,    San   Diego,   Cal. 

Daniel  Fenton,  Lexington,  Marines. 

Cadet  Pilot  John  Cecil  Ferguson,  Bloomington,  34th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Herbert  B.  Ferguson,  Bloomington,  872d  Aero  Squadron. 

David  Ferrell,   Bloomington,  E.  E.,  Co.   L,  301st  Infantry,  A.   E.   F. 

Sergt.  John  J.  Ficken,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Bernard  Ficker,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded. 

Hugh  Fiedler,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Clarence  Fiegel,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Edward  Fielder,  Bloomington,  Ship  Yards,  Charleston,  S.  C. 

Wade  Houston  Fielder,  Bloomington,  Naval  Aviation. 

J.  Claire  Fielding,  Colfax,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Grant. 

Michael  Fielding,  Bloomington,  Base  Hospital,  Camp  Grant. 

E.  W.  Fierce,  Machinists  Mate,  second  class,  IT.  S.  M.,  Air  Forces,  A.  E.  F. 

Forrest  Eugene  Fierce,  Bloomington,  Co.  H,  123d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Francis  Fifield,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Ben  E.  Fike,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  3rd  Infantry,  Camp  Del  Eio. 

Corp.   Lyle   Fike,   Bloomington,   124th  M.   G.   Battalion.      Died   in   France 

of  wounds. 

Bussell  Fike,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
William  Fimm,   Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery. 
Adlai  Finley,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 
Harry  Finley,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Thomas  Finnegan,  Normal,  Co.  M,  345th  Infantry,  Camp  Pike. 
Carl  Fish,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Frank  Fish,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Frank  Powell  Fish,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Sergt.  Floyd  Fisher,  Downs,  Aviation,  A.  E.  F. 
Jesse  Fisher,  Bloomington,  Naval  Engineer,  U.  S.  S.  Oklahoma, 
Otto   W.  Fisher,   Bloomington,   68th  Eegt.,   Coast  Artillery,  A.   E.   F. 
Henry  A.  Fisherkiller,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Eadio. 
William  Fisherkiller,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
John  Fishkeller,  122d  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Elmer  Fitchorn,  Downs,  Musician. 
Elver  J.  Fitchhorn,  Heyworth,  First  Class  Musician,  317th  Field  Artillery, 

A.  E.  F. 

Merle  J.  Fitchhorn,  Downs  Township,  Co.  M,  llth  U.  S.  Marines,  A.  E.  F. 
Boswell  Fithian,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Corp.  Eoy  Fitman,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  124th  Machine  Gun  Btn.,  A.  E.  F. 
John  J.  Fitzgerald,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Wilber  E.  Fitzgerald,  Cooksville,  Infantry. 

Thomas  J.  Flaherty,  Bloomington,  118th  Mach.  Gun  Btn.,  31st  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Edmund  Flanagan,  Bloomington,  Officers'  Training  Camp,  Fort  Sheridan. 
Clarence  Fiegel,  Bloomington,  Medical  Department. 
Harry  F.  Fiegel,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Birney  Fifer  Fleming,  Normal,  Aviation,  A.  E.  F. 
Herbert  L.   Fleming,   Bloomington,   Infantry. 
Corp.  Otis  J.  Fleming,  Bloomington,  30th  Infantry,  Machine  Gun,  A.  E.  F. 

Wounded. 

Pearl  Fleming,  Gridley,  Mechanic,  Aviation,  Signal  Corps. 
Arthur  Fleener,  Danvers,  Infantry. 
Frank  W.  Flesher,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Fred  E.  Flesher,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Eussell  Flesher,  Lexington,  Medical  Supply,  New  York. 
Martin  Fletcher,  Arrowsmith,  Infantry,  Camp  Mills. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 421 

Warren  Fletcher,  Heyworth,  Co.  L,  139th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Died  from 

wounds. 

James  Flint,  Bloomington,  106  Am.  Tr.,  A.  E.  F. 
Edgar  Flynn,  Bloomington,  Medical  Supply,  Newport  News. 
Thomas  Flynn,   Bloomington,   Infantry. 

Edward  J.  Folger,  Covel,  Naval  Cadet,  Harvard  University. 
Sergt.  Otmer  V.  Folger,  Stanford,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
John  M.  Foley,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Sherman. 
Sergt.  Paul  Follick,  Bloomington,  Aero  Service,  Eberts  Field,  Ark. 
Clarence   Forbes,   Bloomington,   131st   Regiment,   31st   Div.,   A.    E.   F. 
Clarence  Forbes,  Danvers,  148th  Mch.  Gun  Btn.,  A.  E.  F. 
Hugh  Forbes,  Infantry. 

Kenneth  Forbes,  Bloomington,  Co.  8,  Infantry,  Camp  Shelby. 
Albert  Ford,  370th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Harry  Foreman,  Bloomington,  Co.  F,  330th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Lester  M.  Foreman,  Bloomington,  Chief  Electrician,  U.  S.  N.  E. 
Walter  Foreman,  Bloomington,  Musician,   Field  Artillery,   Camp   Stanley. 
Elmer  E.  Fornoff,  Gridley,  Coast  Artillery,  Honolulu. 
Claire  Fortier,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 
Emmett  Fortier,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
John  Fortier,   Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Walter  Fortman,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Stanley. 
Joseph  Fosdick,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Frank  Fosnaugh,  Bellflower,  Infantry. 

Louise   Fosnaugh,   Bellflower,   American   Eed    Cross   Nurse. 
Sergt.  James  Dorsey  Foster,  Bloomington,  Ordnance,  I.  C.  O.  T.  S.,  Camp 

Grant. 

June  W.  Foster,  Bloomington,  Wagon  Company  301,  A.  E.  F. 
Eobert  F.  Foster,  Infantry. 
Samuel  Foster,  Bloomington,  Machinist. 
Frank  Foulk,  Normal,  Naval  Signal  School,  Hampton  Eoads. 
George  J.  Fowlie,  Bloomington,  Mechanic. 
Corp.   James  Fowlie,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Grover  M.   Fox,   Bellflower,  Co.   E,   129th   Infantry,   A.   E.   F.     Wounded. 
George  H.  Francis,  Bloomington,  U.   S.  Regulars.     Killed  while  prisoner. 
Kenneth  C.  Frank,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
I.  C.  Franklin,  Lexington,  Army  Provisional,  Washington,  D.  C. 
John  Frederick,  Bloomington,   Medical  Supply,  Fort  Worth,   Texas. 
Myron  C.  Freed,  Grid.ley,  Company  E,  360th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Thomas  E.  Freed,  Gridley,  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge,  Officers '  Training  Camp. 
Arthur  P.  Freedlund,  Bloomington,  Co.  H,  346th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Rudolph  A.  Freedlund,  Bloomington,  Aviation  Electrician. 
Sergt.  Clarence  Freeman,  Bloomington,  Co.  164th  Bat.  Air  Service,  A.  E.  F. 
Henry  T.  Freeman,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Dr.  Louis  G.  Freeman,  Classification  Camp,  LeMans,  France. 
Albert  J.  Freese,  Bloomington,  Machinist,  U.  S.  S.  Surveyor,  A.  E.  F. 
John  G.  Freese,  Bloomington,  Commissary  Department,  U.  S.  S.  Kentucky, 

A.  E.  F. 

Walter  Freese,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Roy  Freiburg,  Saybrook,  Machine  Gun  Company,  38th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Richard  French,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Roy  French,  Bloomington,  Co.  F,  360th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded. 
Harry  O.  Frey,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Alfred  L.  Frieburg,  Anchor,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Owen  C.  Friedwald,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Mills. 
Delmar  D.  Frink,  Padua,  S.  A.  T.  C.,  Ann  Arbor. 
Donald  Frink,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 


422  M  cLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    ll'OKLD    WAE 


Top  row   (left  to  rif/ht)  —  -Oscar  E.  Strange,  Thomas  J.  Shanahan,  R.  SU'uebing,  Elmer 

L.    Stauffer,    William   ,7.    Subke. 
Second  row — Elmer  G.   Staley,  James  A.   Skillman,  Cleon  Skillman,  John  E.  Skillman, 

Taylor    Scarberry,    Otto    Sablotzke. 
Third    row — Clarence    A.    Stautz,    Lyke    K.    Snavely,    Robert    S.    Sanford,    Elmer    J. 

Seifert,    Penn    Snodgrass. 
Fourth    row — Orville    G.    Swanson,    Walter    H.    Stiegelmier,    James   T.    Smith,    Hanlcy 

Stewart,    A.    Lee    Sargent,    Ross    H.    Spencer. 
l-'ifth    row — Henry    T.    Shields,    Shelby    C.     Sniail,    Harvey    L.     Stiegelmier,    Edmund 

Sage,   Fred   L.    Snavely. 


M<-LEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 423 

Sergt.  Glen  E.   Frink,   Bloomington,  Army  Gas  Engine  Instructor,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 

Corp.   Frank   Frisch,   Bloomington,   Infantry,   New   Orleans. 
John  Frisch,   Bloomington,   Naval   Aviation,  A.   E.   F. 
Harold  Fritz,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 
John  Fritzen,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Hugh  Froelich,  Saybrook,  Evacuation  Hospital  16,  A.  E.  F. 
Hobart  Fry,  Carlock,  76th  Engineers,  Ft.  Myers,  Va. 
Pearl  Fry,  Carlock,  161st  Depot  Brigade,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Roy  Ancil  Fry,  Ellsworth,  Co.  C,  Machine  Guns,  Infantry,  A.-  E.  F. 
Harry  Fryer,  Saybrook,  Naval  Aviation. 
Capt.  E.  J.  Fuller,  Bloomington,  U.  S.  Regulars,  A.  E.  F. 
Earl  Fulton,  Cooksville,   Infantry. 
Donald  Funk,  McLean,  Navy. 
Jacob  D.  Funk,  McLean,  Navy. 


COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Lieut.  Col.  Wilfred  H.  Gardner,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Major  E.  Bruce  Godfrey,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Capt.  Watson  W.  Gailey,  Medical  Corps,  Lakewood,  N.  J. 

Capt.  Clyde  Garrison,  Saybrook,  Infantry,  Camp  Taylor. 

Capt.  Gilbert  H.   Galford,  Normal,   Medical  Corps,  Camp   Oglethorpe. 

Capt.  Gresham  Griggs,  Normal,  Motor  Mechanic,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Lloyd  Gardner,  McLean,  Field  Artillery,  Camp  Johnson. 

Lieut.  George  Gehle,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Pike. 

Lieut.  William    B.   Geneva,   Bloomington,   Co.    I,    804th   Pioneer   Infantry, 

A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Richard  W.  Gerling,  Bloomington,  C.  A.  C.,  Fortress  Monroe. 
Lieut.  Charles  Gillilan,  Bloomington,  Aviation,   Travis  Field. 
Lieut.  Hallie   M.   Gillis,   Bloomington,   R.   R.   4,   324th   Machine  Gun   Btn., 

Camp  Hancock. 

Lieut.  Ralph   Gingerich,   Bloomington,  Veterinary  Corps,  Camp   Greenleaf. 
Lieut.  Wm.  H.  Goff,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  Fifth  Infantry,  I.  N.  G. 
Lieut.  Scott  Gomien,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

Lieut.  Leslie  R.  Gray,  Bloomington,  Aviation  Service  in  Texas. 
Lieut.  Paul  Greenleaf,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Meade. 
Lieut.  Omar  Gregory,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Benbrook  Field,  Texas. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Corp.  Martin  C.  Gaede,  Bloomington,  Base  Hospital,  Camp  Johnston. 

Miss  Grace   Gilkey  Gaines,   Bloomington,  Red   Cross  Nurse,  A.   E.  F. 

Edward  E.   Gale,  Bloomington,  Ordnance,  Camp   Dodge. 

William  P.  Gambon,  Bloomington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 

Frank  J.  Gang,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Merritt. 

Arthur  Gantz,  Infantry. 

Howard  Gantz,  Anchor,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 

Arthur  G.  H.  Garbe,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Co.  D,  306th  Infantry,  771h 

Division,  A.  E.  F. 

Charles  Garbe,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Ivhvard  Leo  Garbe,  Bloomington,  Artillery,  Camp  Bowie,  Texas. 
Herman  A.  Garbe,  Bloomington,  Transportation  Corps,  110th  Co.,  A.  E.  F. 
Alfred  Garber,  Infantry. 
Lee  Garber,  Bloomington,  Navy. 


424 


Burke  Gardner,  McLean,  Med.  Corps,  S.  A.  T.  C.  at  U.  of  I. 

Delbert  C.  Gardner,  McLean,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Ira  Gradner,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 

Parker  H.  Gardner,  Gridley,  Infantry,  Camp  Merritt. 

Corp.   M.   E.   Garlock,   Bloomington,   E.   B.   2,   Co.   D,    339th   M.   G.   Bat., 

A.  E.  F. 

Melvin  N.  Garlough,  Normal,  Students'  Training  Camp. 
Arthur  T.  Garman,  Normal,  O.  M.  C.  Detachment,  A.  E.  F. 
Everett  Garner,  Colfax,  Co.  A,  106th  Am.  Train,  A.  E.  F. 
Willard  Garr,  Bloomington,  Gunners'  Mate,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
H.  C.  Garrett,  Bloomington,  First  Gas  Eegiment,  A.  E.  F. 
Joseph  Garrett,  Colfax,  Signal  Corps,  Vancouver. 
Eobert   Garrett,   Saybrook,   Supply  Dept.,   Aviation,   A.   E.   F. 
Shelby  M.  Garrett,  Saybrook,  Navy. 

Woodford  Garrigus,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Kelly  Field,  Texas. 
Sergt.  Cramer  E.  Garst,  Stanford,  Medical  Corps,  Hospital  26,  DCS  Moines. 
George  Garst,  Stanford,  Infantry. 
Wilbur  G.  Garst,  Stanford,Medical  Corps. 
Walter  H.  Garth,  Bloomington,  Artillery. 
Ben  Garton,  334th  Supply  Co.,  A.  E.  F. 

William  Garton,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded  in  action. 
William  S.  Gash,  Bloomington,  M.  C.  Dept.,  A.  E.  F.     Gassed. 
George  B.  Gaskill,  Bloomington,   Infantry. 
William  A.  Gast,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps. 
Gannon  J.  Gates,  Bloomington,  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  A.  E.  F 
William  Gates,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Frederic  A.  Gaw,  Padua,  Co.  A,  28th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Lester   Gazelle,   Bloomington,   Aviation   Signal   Corps,   Chamite   Field. 
Charles  Gehle,  Bloomington,  108th  Engineers. 
Corp.   Harold  Gehleg,  Bloomington,   Technical,  New  York. 
Lawrence  Gehring,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Harry  O.  Genders,  Downs,  Navy. 
Calvin  Gentes,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

William   George,   Heyworth,  321st   Field   Signal   Corps,   Camp   Pike. 
Manny  Gerjets,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Corp.   Arthur  Gerling,  Bloomington,  E.   E.,   Medical  Corps,   A.   E.   F. 
Boss  Germain,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.   Stanley  Gernsey,  Bloomington,  U.   S.  M.  C. 
Sergt.  J.  L.  Gerth,  Bloomington,  U.  S.  Marines,  TJ.  S.   S.  Galveston. 
Walter  H.  Gerth,  Bloomington,  Battery  D,  5th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Elmer  M.  Gese,  Weedman,  Coast  Artillery,  Bat.  F,  68th  Beg.,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Lester   H.   Gesell,   Bloomington,   Aviation,   Chanute   Field 
Fred  L.  Gester,  Bloomington,  Yeoman,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Clyde   Getton,   Bloomington,   Navy,  Eadio. 
James   Getty,  Colfax,   Navy. 

Eoger  W.  Getty,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Clarence  H.  Gladden,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Daniel  Glaser,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
George  Gieason,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Scott  Gleason,  Bloomington,  Medical  Supply,  San  Diego,  Cal. 
Sherman  L.  Glessner,  Gridley,  Naval  Air  Station,  Key  West,  Florida. 
Paul  Gibson,  Bloomington,  64th  Co.,  Balloon  Corps,  Fort  Omaha. 
Herbert  Franklin  Gidel,  Bloomington,  Co.  E,  360th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
John  Gielow,  Bloomington,   Engineering,  A.  E.  F. 
Lawrence  A.  Giering,  Normal,  Co.  C,  4th  Infantry,  3rd  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Alfred  Gierman,  Bloomington,  Naval  Ordnance,  Milwaukee. 
Carl  J.  Gierman,  Bloomington,  Battery  E,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Charlie  Gildersleeve,  Hudson,  Infantry. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 425 

August  C.  Gildner,  Bloomington,  Machine  Gun  Company,   64th  Infantry, 

A.  E.  F. 

George  A.  Gildner,  Bloomington,  Engineering,  A.  E.  P. 
Leo  Gildner,  Bloomington,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Eobert  Gilhaus,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  C.  Edwin  Gill,  Bloomington,  Air  Service,  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Texas. 
David  L.  Gillan,  Colfax,  183rd  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
James  F.  Gillen,  Bloomington,  Machinist,  Aviation. 
Frank  M.  Gillespie,  Chenoa,  Field  Artillery. 
Euel  G.  Gillis,  Bloomington,  E.  E.  6,  22d  Infantry,  Co.  B. 
Ernest  Gillmakers,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Chester  Gilmore,  Bloomington,  Engineering,  A.  E.  F. 
Clarence  E.  Gilmore,  Saybrook,  Infantry,  Camp  Dix. 
Corp.  Glen  C.  Gilmore,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.    Gassed. 
Lester  I.  Gilmore,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Howard  Gingerich  Normal,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Ira  Ginn,  Bloomington.  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Infantry. 
Gerald  Gill  Ginnaven,  Bloomington,  6th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Paul  F.  Ginter,  Bloomington,  Aviation  Mechanic,  St.  Paul. 
Joseph  Girot,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
George  Earl  Gisel,  Carlock,  Motor  Transport  Corps,  Jefferson  Barracks 
Lowell  Givin,  Cooksville,  Infantry. 
Newell  Givin,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 
Lynn  Givins,  Heyworth,  Hospital  Apprentice,  Navy. 
Phillip  Goember,  Bloomington,  Aviation. 

Ealph   W.   Goetzke,   Bloomington,   Co.   M,   48th   Infantry,   Camp   Hill. 
Herman  Goldstone,   Bloomington,  Naval   Transport  Louisiana. 
William   S.   Golladay,   Lexington,    Infantry,  Co.   D,   Am.   Tr.      Died   from 

influenza. 

Corp.  Lloyd  Golliday,  Bloomington,  30th  Artillery,  Camp  Eustis. 
George  J.  Gollmar,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Chanute  Field  and  Ft.  Omaha. 
Frank   Gomein,   Colfax,   Infantry. 
DeWitt  Gooch,  Bellflower,  G.  M.  Dept.,  Navy. 
Arthur  G.  Gooch,  Bellflower,  Infantry. 
Harry  Good,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 
Guy  Wm.  Gooding,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Cook. 
Howard  Goodrich,  Bloomington,  Mechanic. 

Edwin  Goodspeed,  Bloomington,  68th  Eegiment  Coast  Artillery,  A.   E.  F. 
Guss  Goodwin,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Taken  prisoner. 
Sergt.  Charles  E.  Gordon,  Bloomington,  Bat.  A,  3d  Bat.  C.  A.,  A.   E.  F. 
Harry  E.  Gordon,  Bloomington,  Co.  M,  124th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Marion  Gorgas,  Saybrook,  Infantry. 

Bugler  Harry  J.  Gorman,  Bat.  F,  68th  Art.  C.  A.  C.,  A.  E.  F. 
Charles  Gose,   Bellflower,  Infantry,  Ft.   Wright. 
Delmar   Gottschalk,   Bloomington,  Navy,  Pelham   Bay. 

Sergt.  Paul  A.  Gottschalk,  Bloomington,  Military  Police,  Co.  106,  A.  E.  F. 
fidward   Grady,   Leroy,   Infantry. 

Otis  L.  Grady,  82nd  Field  Artillery,  Fort  Bliss,  Texas. 
Carl  W.  Graehl,  Bloomington,  Co.  E,  30th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Harry  Oscar  Graehl,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Killed  in  action. 
Herman  Graehl,  Bloomington,  123rd  Machine  Gun  Battalion,  A.  E.  F. 
tTharles  F.  Gragley,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Charles  S.  Grankey,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Earl  Grant,   Bellflower,  Infantry;     died   at   Jefferson   Barracks. 
Irvin  Grant,  Bellflower,  Infantry;    died  in  France. 
Harry  Grant,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Philadelphia. 
Jack  Grant,  Butler,  A.  E.  F. 
Harry  Grassman,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 


426 McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

H.  J.  Gravelle,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Claire  Gray,  Bloomington,  124th  Field  Artillery,  Camp  Logan. 

Clyde  E.  Gray,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded  in  action. 

Sergt.  Guy  F.  Gray,  Bloomington,  16th  Air  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Kline  Gray,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Ralph  W.   Gray,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Kearney. 

Verne  C.   Gray,   Bloomington,  Co.   F,   129th  Infantry,  A.   E.   F. 

Sergt.  Gerald  R.  Green,  Bloomington,  Instructor,  Lewis'  Institute,  Chicago. 

Jesse  Green,  Carlock,  Infantry. 

Russell  Green  Arrowsmith,  Illinois  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Tracey  E.  Green,  Bloomington,  Motor  Transport,  Co.  464,  A.  E.  F. 

Frank  Greenburg,  Bloomington,  321  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F.    Wounded 

in  action. 

Charles  A.  Greene,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Sergt.  Maj.  Chester  Greene,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery,  Fortress  Monroe. 
Corp.    Forrest   E.    Greene,   Bloomington,   Co.   C,    108th   Field    Signal   Bat., 

A.  E.  F. 

Kenneth  Greene,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery. 
Bruce  E.  Greenlee,  Colfax,  Co.  B,  106th  Am.  Train,  A.  E.  F. 
Lome  Greenlee,   Heyworth,  Cadet  Flyer,  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Texas. 
Arthur  Green,  Bloomington,  Ensign  School,  University  of  Illinois. 
George  Gregory,  Normal,  Field  Artillery,  5th  Div.,  Wagoner,  A.  E.  F. 
Matt  Gregory,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Chicago. 
Vergne  Greiner,  Bloomington,  Officers'  Training,  Fort  Sheridan.    Died  from 

influenza. 

William  Earl  Greiner,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  35th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Bert  Gresham,  McLean,  Marine  Corps,  A.  E.  F.    Wounded  in  action. 
Harry  Gresham,  McLean,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
F.  C.  Griffin,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.   F.     Wounded. 
Francis  G.  Griffin,  Base  Hospital  108,  A.  E.  F. 
Howard   L.  Griffin,  Bloomington,  Cavalry. 
Sergt.  James  E.  Griffin,  Bloomington,  M.  O.  T.  C.,  A.  E.  F. 
Roy  L.  Griffith,  Danvers,  Bat.  E,  68th  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  P. 
Sig.  Griffith,  Normal,  Infantry. 

Alvin  E.  Griggs,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge. 

Sergt.   Richard   E.   Grimsley,  Lexington,  Chief  Ordnance  Officer,  A.  E.  F. 
Lowell  Gring,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Miles  C.  Grizzelle,  Leroy,  Chief  Quartermaster  of  Naval  Aviation.     Yet  in 

reserve. 
Sergt.  Walter  Grossinclaus,  Bloomington,  Co.  82,  6th  Marines.    Wounded  in 

action. 

Dr.  Henry  W.   Grote,  Bloomington,  Officers'  Recruiting  Service. 
Corp.  Clifford  Grove,  Carlock,  Co.  G,  19th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Herschel  M.  Grover,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  108th  Field  Signal  Battalion, 

A.  E.  F.     Wounded  in  action. 
Ralph  Grover,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  306th  Signal  Bat.,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded 

in  action. 

Ralph  Grover,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Donald  Grubb,  Normal,  Radio,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Robert  Grubb,  Normal,  Radio,  Camp  Ross. 
John  Grunnert,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Emil  Grusy,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 
Carl   W.   Guetschow,   Bloomington,   Medical   Corps,   Debarkation   Hospital, 

New  York. 

George  Gufade,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Corp.  Earl  Gully,  Leroy,  Co.  I,  345th  Infantry,  Camp  Dix. 
Louis  Gunderson,  Bloomington,  Radio  School,  Harvard  University. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAB 427 

Sergt.  Emmett  V.  Gunn,  Bloomington,  Hdqr.  Dcpt.,  Camp  Johnson,  Jackson- 
ville, Fla. 

Sergt.  Herman  M.  Gunn,  Bloomington,  Medical  Dept.,  Hospital  131,  A.  E.  F. 
Paul  Gunn,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
J.  Myers  Gunnell,  Bloomington,  Ensign  School,  Great  Lakes. 
Otto  Gunther,  Normal,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded  in  action. 
R.  H.  Gunther,  Bloomington,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded  in  action. 
Edwin  J.  Gutell,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Fred  Gutosky,  Hudson,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 


H 

COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Brig.  Gen.  James  G.  Harbord,  Bloomington,  Commanding  Marines,  A.  E.  F. 
Maj.  F.  L.   Harrington,  Bloomington,   U.   S..  Regulars,  Camp   Lee. 
Capt.  Eugene  D.  Hamill,  Bloomington,  9th  Infantry.     Wounded  in  action. 
Capt.  T.  Fitch  Harwood,  Bloomington,  Machine  Gun  Battalion    86th  Div., 

A.   E.  F. 

Capt.  J.   P.   Hawks,   Bloomington,  Medical   Corps,   Fort  Oglethorpe. 
Capt.  William  C.  Hawk,  Bloomington,  Co.  F,  120th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Capt.  Arthur   Helwig,   Bloomington,   Railroad    Construction,   A.   E.   F. 
Capt.  John  Hiott,  Saybrook,  Medical  Corps,  Camp   Kearney. 
Capt.  Fred  Howard,  BJoomington,  Engineer  Reseives,  41st  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Harry  Lee  Howell,   Bloomington,  Naval  Medical   Officer,  U.  S.  S. 

Leviathan. 

Lieut.  Frank  D.  Hackett,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  San  Diego,  Calif. 
Lieut.  Gwynn  Haig,   Leroy,  Infantry. 
Lieut.  Otis  Hamilton,  Colfax,  Infantry. 
Lieut.  Clyde  Hamilton,  Bloomington,  Motor  Transport  Corps,  Washington, 

D.   C. 

Lieut.  Archie  M.  Hanson,  Normal,  Aviation,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Elbert  Iredell  Harrison,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Kelly  Field. 
Lieut.  Phillip  Harrison,   Normal,   Infantry,  Fort  Sheridan. 
Lieut.  Henry  Harrison  Henline,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

Lieut.  Harold    W.   Heafer,   Bloomington,   Aviation,   Park   Field,   A.   E.   F. 
Lieut.  Kirk   Healey,   Bloomington,   Machine   Gun,   Camp   Hancock. 
Lieut.  Ralph   Heffernan,    Bloomington,    Motor   Transport,   A.    E.    F. 
Lieut.  Harry   E.   Hefner,  Lexington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Denny  Henderson,   Towanda,  Aviation,  Camp   Dick. 
Lieut.  Strode  Henderson,  Bloomington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Edgar  Hendryx,  Leroy,  Q.  M.  C.,  Fort  Bliss,  Texas. 
Lieut.  E.  R,  Herman,  Stanford,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Greene. 
Lieut.  S.  C.  Hibbens,  Bloomington,  Tank  Corps,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
Lieut.  Alex.  Hokansen,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  C.,  A.  E.  F. 
Ensign  Parker  Holmes,  Normal,  U.  S.  Naval  Reserves,  Overseas. 
Knsign  Vance  Hood,  Normal,  Harvard  Naval  Radio  School. 
Lieut.  Reid  B.  Homey,  Colfax,  Aviation,  Kelly  Field. 
Lieut.  Warren  Homey,  Colfax,  Infantry. 
Lieut.  Henry  A.  Hough,  Arrowsmith,  Medical  Corps. 
Lieut.  C.  F.  Hough,  Danvers,  Infantry. 
Lieut.  Frank  Huff,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Pike. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Albert  Haaker,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Clark  Habecker,  Danvers,  Infantry. 
Floyd   Hackel,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 


428 McLEAN   COUNTY  AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

L.  W.  Hacker,  Bloomington,  Testing  Expert,  Long  Island. 

Alvin  Haffley,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

George  Haffner,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Louis  Haffner,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

William    E.    Hagaman,    Bloomington,    Machine    Gun   Co.,   356th    Infantry, 

A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Paul  Hahn,  Anchor,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Estol  G.  Haines,  Leroy,  Co.  A,  121st  Infantry.     Died  in  France  of  pneu- 
monia. 

Sergt.  Frank  Hale,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Eussell  Halfhill,  Bloomington,  Artillery,  A.  E.  F.    Wounded  in  action. 
Arthur  A.  Hall,  Bloomington,  Naval  Electrician,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Carl  Hall,  Downs,  Infantry. 

Grantive  Hall,  Bloomington,  Artillery,  U.  S.  Eegulars,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Harry  H.  Hall,  Bloomington,  Surgeon  Intelligence  Bureau,  Newport 

News. 
Sergt.  Maj.  Harry  Lee  Hall,  Bloomington,  Field  Signal  Battalion,  Camp 

Meade. 

Henry  M.  Hall,  Bloomington,  Tank  Service,  A.  E.  F. 
John  E.  Hall,  Danvers,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Oscar  Hall,  Danvers,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Eoscoe  Hall,  Danvers,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Sergt.  Boss  Hall,  Bloomington,  San.  Dept.,  Camp  Funston. 
Walter  Hall,  Downs,  Infantry,  Ft.  Benjamin  Harrison. 
Dean  Hall,  Ellsworth,  Infantry. 

William  G.  Hall,  Normal,  Infantry,  Jefferson  Barracks. 
Corp.  James  W.  Hallett,  Bloomington,  Headquarters  Co.,  50th  Eegiment, 

C.  A.  C.,  A.  E.  F. 

J.  J.  Halliha,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Carl  E.  Hallsted,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  49th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Elmer  J.  Hallsted,  Bloomington,  1st  Heavy  Mobile,  Auto  and  Eepair  Ship, 

A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  E.  Halsey,  Heyworth,  Motor  Truck  Driver,  Co.  449,  A.  E.  F. 
Carl  Hamblin,  Anchor,  Artillery,  Supply  Co.,  A.  E.  F. 
George  E.  Hamblin,  Stanford,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Walter  L.  Hamblin,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  C.,  Aviation,  Morrison,  Va. 
Corp.  William  C.  Hamblin,  Anchor,  Truck  Co.  4,  First  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Chester  C.  Hamilton,  Bloomington,  Headquarters  Company,  50th  C.  A.  C., 

A.   E.  F. 

Frank  A.  Hamilton,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  306th  Am.  Tr.,  A.  E.  F. 
Cecil  E.  Hamilton,  Bloomington,  Second  Class  Seaman,  Navy. 
Harold  B.  Hamilton,  Carlock,  Co.  B,  564th  Engineers,  Camp  Shelby,  Miss. 
John  S.  Hamilton,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Stanley  Hamilton,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Clarence  Hamlow,   Bloomington,   Infantry,  Camp   Lewis. 
Arthur  Hammond,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Byron  Hammond,  Danvers,  Infantry. 

Edmund   G.   Hammond,  Bloomington,   46th  Infantry,   Camp   Sheridan. 
Lawrence  Hammond,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Marley  Hampleman,  Bellflower,  Infantry. 
Lee  Hand,  Bloomington,  49th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
John  F.  Handlem,  Colfax,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 

B.  M.   Hankins,   Bloomington,   Medical   Corps,   Camp   Greenleaf. 

Earl   E.   Hankins,   Bloomington,   Medical   Beplacement   Unit  31,   A.  E.   F. 

Jesse  A.  Hanes,   Stanford,  Infantry. 

Paul  Hansen,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  San  Francisco. 

Frank  Hansford,   Leroy,   Coast   Artillery. 

C.  O.  Hanson,  Lexington,  Co.  I,  157th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAS 429 

E.  B.  Hanson,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps. 

Dean  Leo  Harbert,  Stanford,  Co.  K,  328th  Infantry,  83d  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Wilson  K.  Harbert,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,,  106th  Military  Police,  A.  E.  F. 
Frank  A.  Harder,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Mechanic,  A.  E.  F. 
Harry  L.  Hardien,  Bloomington,  Cavalry. 

F.  K.  Harding,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Lewis  Hardman,  Lexington,  Co.  B,  124th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 

George  M.  Hargitt,  Normal,  Clerical  Duty,  Infantry. 

Harlan  N.  Harland,  Bloomington,  Eadio. 

Corp.  William  L.  Harmon,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Fort  Benjamin  Har- 
rison. 

Ernest  B.  Harn,  Saybrook,  Infantry. 

H.  H.  Harner,  Normal,  Construction  Work,  Florida. 

Guy  Harness,  Lexington,  Bat.  F,  68th  Heavy  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Boy  Harold,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

John  Harper,  Bloomington,  Auto  Mechanic. 

Sergt.  Balph  Harpole,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  54th  Infantry,  A.   E.  F. 

Corp.   Balph  Harpster,   Bloomington,   Infantry. 

Wilburn  B.  Harrell,  Bloomington,  73d  Aero  Squadron,  San  Antonio,  Texas. 

Lee  Harrington,   Bloomington,  Chief  Badio  Electrician,  Great  Lakes. 

M.   E.    Harrington,   Bloomington,   Navy. 

Byron  Harris,   Orphans  Home,  Normal,  Marines,  A.  E.  F. 

Harold  Harris,  Bloomington,  Aviation  Corps. 

Homer  Harris,  Orphans  Home,  Normal,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Ira  B.  Harris,  Bloomington,  Member  of  Gen.  Pershing's  Motorcycle  Corps, 
A.  E.  F. 

Jesse  F.  Harris,  Bloomington,  Signal  Corps. 

Bobert  L.  Harris,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded  in  action. 

Rufus  Harris,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Bernie  P.  Harrison,  Bloomington,  Clerk,  Q.  M.  Corps. 

Charles  E.  Harrison,  Chenoa,  Infantry.    Died  from  influenza  at  Camp  Mills. 

Sergt.  Lester  Earl  Harrison,  Bloomington,  Signal  Corps  Air  Service,  Waco, 
Texas. 

Park  Harrison,  Stanford,  Q.  M.  Corps,  Camp  Meigs. 

William  E.  Harrison,  Medical  Supply  Depot,  Camp  Kearney. 

Frank  B.  Harrold,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Signal  Corps. 

Sergt.  Francis  Harry,  Bloomington,  492nd  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Bev.  Frank  M.  Harry,  Bloomington,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Secretary  Paris,  France, 
A.  E.  F. 

Orris  C.  Harry,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Chester  Harsha,  Ellsworth,  Co.  K,  326th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Clair  B.  Harsha,  Ellsworth,  Infantry,  Jefferson  Barracks. 

G.  E.  Hartenbower,  Bloomington,  M.  D.  E.  C.,  Northwestern  University. 
Sergt.  Mahlon   E.   Hart,  Bloomington,  426th  Motor   Transport   Corps. 
George   T.  Hart,   Bloomington,   Draftsman,  Fort   Thomas. 

Harlan  Harvey  Hart,  Bloomington,  S.  A.  T.  C. 

Cline  Hartley,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Henry  M.  Hartley,  Bloomington,  124th  Machine  Gun  Battalion,  A.  E.  F. 

Gassed  in  action. 

J.  W.  Hartley,  Bloomington.     Died  from  gun  shot  wounds. 
William  E.  Hartson,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Kearney. 
Donald  Harwood,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Eli  Harwood,  Normal,  Infantry. 

Carl  Hasenwinkle,  Hudson,  Bloomington,  Navy,  U.   S.  S.  Lebanon. 
Albert  Hasson,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Eustis. 
Corp.  Eustace  J.  Hatfield,  Chenoa,  60th  Engineers,  Fort  Washington. 
Bussell  Hatfield,  Bloomington,  4th  Bat.,  Howitzer  Eegt.  C.  A.  C.,  A.  E.  F. 
Ulysses  Hatch,  Colfax,  Infantry. 


430 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


Top  row  (left  to  right) — Ralph  A.  Brannvell,  Samuel  M.  Bramwell,  William  L.  Barnes, 
Lloyd  G.  Bu/ick,  Paul  Blough. 

Second  row — Walter  H.  Bradley,  Wan-en  S.  Broughton,  Homer  F.  Buckles,  Walter 
L.  Bishop,  Russell  W.  Bringham. 

Third  row — Lawrence  E.«Bringham,  Homer  Blumenshine,  Walter  D.  Brown,  William 
E.  Brinkley,  Oscar  J.  Breidenbeck. 

Fourth  row — George  Bragonier,  Henry  Lyell  Burch,  Paul  Burke,  Donald  W.  Bring- 
ham, Edwin  C.  Barnum. 

fifth  row-;— Carl  L.  Belmke,  Ray  Bowers,  Clifford  Blount,  Donald  J.  Bayler,  Charles 
E.  Butler. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 431 

Clarence  Hauser,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Joseph  A.  Hauptman,  Bloomington,  Co.  G,  30th  Infantry.     Killed 

in  action. 

William  W.  Hatten,  Colfax,  Infantry. 
Charles  D.  Havens,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Jesse  B.  Havens,  Bloomington,  Medical  Supply  Dept.,  Chicago. 
Roe  Hawes,  McLean,  Infantry,  Camp  Logan. 
Frank  P.  Hawk,  Bloomington,   Coast  Artillery. 
Wm.  C.  Hawk,  Normal,   140th  Infantry,  35th  Division. 
H.  C.  Hawks,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Quartermasters  Corps. 
Corp.  John  Hawkins,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Edward  A.  Haworth,  Lexington,  Co.  A,  4th  Battery,  Camp  McArthur. 
Daniel  Hayden,  Bloomington,  Apprentice  Seaman,  Great  Lakes. 
Thomas   Hayden,    Bloomington,    Infantry,   Camp   McArthur. 
Sergt.    Chester   G.   Hayes,    Bloomington,    34th    Service   Co.,    Signal   Corps, 

A.  E.  F. 

Francis  Hayes,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

George  Hayes,  Bloomington,  Motor  Mechanic  Truck  Co.  505,  A.  E.  F. 
John  L.  Hayes,  Bloomington,  Signal  Corps,  188th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
Louis  Hayes,  Bloomington,  129th  Infantry,  A.   E.  F. 
Melvin  Hayes,  Bloomington,  Hospital  52,  Pharmacist. 
Paul  Hayes,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
W.  G.  Hayes,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Earl  W.   Hay,  Bloomington,  Aviation   Mechanic. 

Wm.  Grover  Haynes,  Leroy,  Co.  A,  127th  Inf.    Died  of  pneumonia  in  France. 
Lawrence  W.  Hayter,  McLean,  632d  Aero  Squadron,  Kelly  Field,   Texas. 
Walter  Hayter,  McLean,  Co.  B,  122d  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  Camp  Logan. 
George  K.  Hayward,  Bloomington,  U.   S.  Guards,  Camp  Logan. 
Harold  Hayward,  Cooksville,  Medical  Supply,  Camp  Kearney. 
Frank  Head,  Padua,  Co.  L,  360th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
George  Healea,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

John  D.  Healea,  Leroy,  Co.  E,  55th  Telegraph  Bat.,  Signal  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Vincent  Healy,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Monroe  Hebbers,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Henry  J.  Hefler,  Gridley,  28th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Walter  G.  Hefler,  Gridley,  Infantry,  130th  Machine  Gun,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Leslie  Hefner,  Lexington,  Co.  K,  19th   Infantry,  Camp  Travis. 
M.  G.  Hefner,  Lexington,  Aviation,  Lake  Charles. 
Corp.  Eobert  Hefner,  Lexington,  44th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
John  Hegarty,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Carl  Heidewald,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Carl  Heldt,  Stanford,  Aviation,  A.  E.  F.     Severely  wounded. 
Charles  Heidt,  Heyworth,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Ernest  Heidt,  Heyworth,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Peter  Heinrich,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Peter  Heinz,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Corps,  Camp  Wheeler. 
Sergt.  J.  B.  Heister,  Bloomington,  Co.  F,  12th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Michael   Heister,   Bloomington,   Co.   C,   446th   Infantry,   New   Orleans. 
Sergt.  Edward  L.  Helbling,  Lexington,  Co.  D,  336th  M.  Q.  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
William  Helbling,  Lexington,  Battery  E,  68th  Artillery,  C.  A.,  A.  E.  F. 
Allen  Holm,  Colfax,  Infantry. 
Thomas  Helmick,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Marion  Helmick,  Bloomington,  Co.   341,  Quartermaster's  Corps. 
L.   B.   Hemmele,   Bloomington,  Fireman,  Navy. 

Bertram   E.  Hempstead,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  14th  Div.,  A.  E.  F 
Homer  Henderson,  Heyworth,  Bat.  D,  66th  Regiment,  Coast  Artillery,  Fort 

Omaha. 
Sergt.  Paul  Henderson,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 


432 MCLEAN  COUNTY  AND  THE  WORLD  WAE 

Shelby  Hendren,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Leo  Hendryx,  Bloomington,  Gas  Manufacture,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Huber  Hendryx,   Danvers,  Infantry. 

Harry  W.  Henly,   Bloomington,   46th  Infantry,  Camp   Sherman. 

Harry  Hennaberry,  Bloomington,  Electrician,   Signal  Corps. 

Sergt.  George  Henninger,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  337th  M.  C.  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 

Claude  Henry,  Bloomington,  40th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

Frank  D.  Henry,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

L.  W.  Henry,   Bloomington,  Engineers  Corps,  Angel  Island,  Cal. 

Clarence  Hensel,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 

Sergt.  William  P.  Hensel,  Bloomington,  Mobile  Laundry,  Instructor,  A.  E.  F. 

Gaylord  W.  Hensold,  Bloomington,  Medical  Dept.,  Casual  Co.  4,  A.  E.  F. 

Fred  Heppenr,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  33d  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Frank  W.  Herder,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  Field  Signal  Bat.,  Camp 

Merritt. 

Sergt.  James  R.  Herman,  Cooksville,  Co.  H,  130th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Roy  A.  Herring,  Bloomington,  30th  Co.  Artillery,  Boston  Harbor,  Mass. 
William    H.    Herrington,    Bloomington,    Infantry,    106th    Supply    Train, 

A.  E.  F. 

Alviu  Hess,  Danvers,  Infantry. 

Ernest  A.  Hester,  Towanda,  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Lawrence  L.  Hester,  Anchor,  64th  Infantry,  Fort  Bliss. 
Ernest  C.  Heyn,  Bloomington,  326th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Clyde  E.  Hewitt,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  124th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
Merle  Hewitt,  Chenoa,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Dorsey  Hibbs,  Lexington,  Camp  Grant,  Infantry. 
Peter  Hibbs,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
William  Hickman,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Corp.  Eees  Hicks,  Camp  Meade,  Washington,  D.  C.,  Infantry. 
S.   Duke   Hicks,    Bloomington     Bat.   B,    124th  Field   Artillery,    33d   Div., 

A.  E.  F. 

High  L.  Higgins,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Anton  Hildebrandt,  McLean,  82d  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Martin  W.  Hildebrandt,  McLean,  Motor  Transportation,  Camp  Hola- 

bird,  A.  E.  F. 

Carl  T.  Hileman,  Bloomington,  343  M.  T.  C.,  Camp  Custer,  Mich. 
Bugler  Harold  P.   Hileman,  Bloomington,  Co.  H,   10th  Infantry. 
Henry  P.  Hiller,  Bloomington,  31st  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Ralph  Hillis,  Bellflower,  Bat.  E,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Oria  E.  Hillis,  Bloomington,  Co.  F,  5th  Engineers.     Died  of  pneumonia  at 

Camp  Humphries,  Va.,  Oct.  2,  1918. 

Chester  A.  Hill,  Covel,  Co.  G,  130th  Infantry,  Camp  Logan. 
Elmo  F.  Hill,  Lexington,  Signal  Corps.     Died  from  pneumonia  in  France. 
Fred  Hill,  Lexington,  Navy. 

Henry  W.  Hill,  Arrowsmith,  Co.  lllth  Infantry. 
Corp.  John  W.  Hill,  Holder,  Aviation,  85th  Aero  Squadron. 
Silas   Hill,    (colored),  Bloomington,   Co.   K,   8th  Infantry,  A.   E.   F. 
T.  E.  Hill,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Frank  Hilpert,  Stanford,  Co.  F,   106th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Harry  Hilpert,  Stanford,  Balloon  Div.,  Air  Service,  Camp  John  Wise,  San 

Antonio. 

Noel  J.  Hilts,  Bloomington,  Tank  Corps. 
Wilbur   A.    Hilts,   Bloomington,    14th   Am.    Train. 
Rev.    William    B.    Hindman,    Bloomington,    Chaplain's    Training    School, 

Camp  Taylor. 

Earl  Hiner,  Stanford,  Military  Police,  Co.  B,  316th  Military  Police,  A.  E.  F. 
Leslie  Hiner,  Stanford,  Technical,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 
Don  Hinshaw,  Danvers,  Infantry. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 433 

B.  F.  Hinshaw,  Bellflower,  Infantry,  A.  E,  F. 

Sergt.   Emmett  Hines,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Dodge. 

William  Hines,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge. 

Lee  Hinshaw,  Bloomington,   Infantry,   Camp   Servier. 

Rolla  E.  Hinshaw,  Bloomington,  Headquarters  Co.,  129th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

George  F.  Hinthorne,  Normal,  472  Engineers,  Camp  Logan. 

Walter  A.  Hinshaw,  Bloomington,  Headquarters  Co.,  7th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Eolancl  Hinshaw,  Bloomington,  Co.  L,  132d  Infantry.     Wounded  in  action, 

A.  E.  F. 
William  Roy  Hinthorn,  Normal,  23rd  Co.,  Q.  M.  Corps.    Died  of  pneumonia 

at  Jefferson  Barracks. 

Wilmer  E.  Hinthorne,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Clarence  Hiser,  Lexington,  Co.  A,  118th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Frederick  M.  Hisle,  Bloomington,  O.  T.  C. 

Corp.  Eugene  L.  Hiser,  Lexington,  Co.  F,   13th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Oran  J.  Hite,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  34th  Infantry. 
W.  H.  Hite,  Normal,  Navy. 
Orean  Hite,  Colfax,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  William  W.  Hite,  Colfax,  269th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
Donald  D.  Hobber,  Bloomington,  Cavalry. 
Clarence  A.  Hobbs,  Colfax,  Infantry. 
John  Hobsin,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  New  Orleans,  La. 
John  W.  Hobson,  Bloomington,  Sheet  Metal  Worker. 
Roy  Hoddle,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Harland  Hodge,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Taylor. 
J.  A.  Hodge,  Danvers,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Jefferson  Barracks. 
Earl  Hodges,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Chanute  Field. 
Sergt.  Frank  Hodgson,  Bloomington,  Co.  E,  4th  Am.  Train,  A.  E.  F.,  Army 

of  Occupation. 
A.  J.  Holder,  Bloomington,  Headquarters  Co.,  331st  Field  Artillery,  Camp 

Mills. 

Edward  E.  Hoeft,  Danvcrs,  Co.  K,  327th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Henry  Hoeft,  Danvers,  Infantry,  Newark,  N.  J. 
Edward  L.  Hoffman,  Leroy,  Navy. 

George  P.   Hoffman,  Leroy,  Coast   Artillery,  .Camp   Taylor. 
John  M.  Hoffman,  Leroy,  Navy. 

Frederick  G.  Hoffman,  Bloomington,   167th  Field  Artillery,  U.   S.  Camp. 
Sergt.   Walter   F.   Hoffman,   Bloomington,   Infantry,   Charlotte,   N.  C. 
Lewis  L.  Hoffner,  Bloomington,  Hospital  Apprentice. 
Sergt.  Frank  Hogan,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Leo  L.  Hogan,  Bloomington,  Medical  Dept.,  345th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
William  Hogan,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 
Felix  Hoheisel,  Bloomington,  Radio. 
Sergt.  Wm.  R.  Hoit,  Bloomington,  A.  G.  D.,  Fort  Eiley. 
Elmer  P.  Holcomb,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.    Wounded. 
John  Holden,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Logan. 
Dewey  E.  Holderly,  Downs,  Aviation,  Kelly  Field,  No.  2,  Texas. 
Paul  Hoierman,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Ensign  School,  Pelham  Bay. 
Alfred  Hollatz,   Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Martin  Holle,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Dennis  Hollingsworth,  Bloomington,  12th  Cavalry,  Columbia,  N.  M. 
Guy  Holloway,  Bloomington,  Co.  K,  23d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Herbert  Holman,  Bloomington,  Navy.     Killed  by  motor  truck  in  Ireland. 
Matthew  Holman,  McLean,  Coast  Artillery.     Died  of  influenza,  Syracuse, 

N.  Y. 

Chesterfield  B.  Holmes,  Bloomington,  Master  at  Arms,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Corp.  Warner  Holm,  Merna,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 


434 McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WO  ALT)    WAR 

C.    Blake    Holton,    Bloomington,    Medical    Corps,    Embarkation    Hospital, 

Newport  News. 

Clarence  L.  Holt,  Leroy,  Co.  A,  125th  Engineers,  Camp  Forest,  Ga. 
Henry  J.  Holt,  Danvers,  Auto  Mechanic. 
H.  P.  Holt,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Royal  Holton,  Chenoa,  Navy. 

John  Holtz,  Bloomington,  H.  Q.  313   San.  Tr.,  A.  E.  F. 
William  Holz,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Samuel  Homer,  Bloomington,   Infantry,   Fort  Wright. 
Frank  Hoog,  Bloomington,  Co.  F,  123d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Henry  Hooker,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Harold  H.  Hool,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  129th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Gassed. 
Oscar  G.  Hoose,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  School,  Camp  Johnson. 
Corp.  Lyle  K.  Hoover,  Bloomington,  TJ.  S.  Marines. 
Lome  P.  Hoover,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery. 

Corp.   Ealph  E.  Hoover,  Bloomington,  Second   Engineers,  A.  E.   F. 
Corp.  E.  E.  Hoover,  Co.  E,  2d  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Willard    Hoover,    Bloomington,   Coast   Artillery,   Washington,   D.    C. 
Donald  D.  Hopper,  Bloomington,  Bat.  D,  50th  Field  Artillery,  Camp  Bowie. 
Mrs.  C.  H.  Hopt,  Bloomington,  Motor  Truck,  Washington,  D.  C. 
A.  L.  Homer,  Saybrook,  S.  A.  T.  C.,  Eureka. 
E.  H.  Hornke,  Bloomington,  Infantry 
Orville  Horn,  McLean,  Infantry.     Wounded  in  action. 
Elmer  Horton,  Bloomington,  Plumbing,  Birmingham,  Ala. 
Alva  Hoselton,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  Camp  Logan. 
George  Hoselton,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Jasper  Hoselton,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 
Lester  Hoselton,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 
John  A.  Hoskins,  Anchor,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Vollie  I.  Hoskins,  Anchor,  Infantry.     Wounded  in  action. 
Edwin  Hostetler,   Bloomington,  Field  Artillery. 
Melvin  Houser,  Hudson,  Veterinary  Corps. 
Edward  Houston.  Cropsey,  Infantry,  Camp  Logan. 
Warren  Hough,  Danvers,  Infantry. 
Wilmeth  A.  Hovey,  Normal,  Machinist. 
Austin  Howard,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
C.  P.  Howard,  Danvers,  Infantry. 
Earl  Howard,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Fort  Slocum. 

Sergt.  Gordon  K.  Howard,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Hos.  82,  A.  E.  F. 
Joseph  Howard,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Lewis  E.   Howard,  Bloomington,  97th  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  William  N.  Howard,  Bloomington,  Base  Ordnance  Depot,  A.  E.  F. 
Ira  F.  Howell,  Normal,  Cavalry. 

Oley  Howell,  Coifax,  Co.  B,  U.  S.  Infantry,  Fort  Bliss. 
Ross  Howell,  Bloomington,   Infantry,  Fort  Biley. 
John  Howes,  Bloomington,  Co.  F,  121st  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Owen  Howley,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

Carl  Hoyt,  Bloomington,  68th  Div.,  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Earl  Hoy,  Bloomington,  Auto  Mechanic. 
Claude  A.  Hubble,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Dept. 
Sergt.  Geo.   Hubert,  Bloomington,  34th  Engineers,  Camp  Dix. 
Harry  Huckelberry,  Saybrook,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Cecil  Hudson,  Saybrook,  Aviation,  A.  E.  F. 
Heber  Hudson,  Jr.,  Bloomington,  Radio  School,  Great  Lakes. 
Thomas  Huggins,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Herbert  J.  Hughes,  Hudson,  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge. 
Owen  Hughes,  Bloomington,  318th  Engineering  Corps,  Vancouver. 
Paul  Hughes,  Lexington,  Radio,  New  York. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


435 


PANTAGRAPH  PRINTING  &  STATIONERY  CO. 


OUR    HONOR    ROLL 


436 McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 

M.  R.  Hughett,  Bloomington,  Machinists  Mate,  Aviation. 

Fred  Hueskemeyer,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Glenn  Huffington,  Normal,  Aviation,  Arcadia,  Fla. 

Herbert  Huffington,  Normal,  Government  Service,  Chicago. 

Paul  Huffington,  Normal,  S.  A.  T.  C.,  Camp  Wesleyan,  War  Chemist. 

Lieut.  Frank  Huff,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Pike. 

Paul  Glenn  Huffington,  Normal,  llth  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Hector  Huffman,  Cropsey,  Navy,  U.  S.  S.  Utah. 

Robert  Huffman,  Bloomington,  Signal  Corps.     Killed  in  action. 

Carl  Huling,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Ola  Huling,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.    Chester   H.   Hull,   Bloomington,   Co.   B,    124th    Machine   Gun   Bat., 

A.  E.  F. 

Girard  Hull,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Stanley  Hull,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Corp.  W.  R.  Hull,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Camp  Johnson. 
Auda  A.  Humble,  McLean,  Infantry,  Co.  C,  338th  M.  G.  Bat.     Died  of 

pneumonia  in  France. 

Sergt.  Rogers  Humphreys,  Bloomington,  Marine  Corps  Flyer,  Miama,  Fla. 
Charles  E.  Hunter,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Vancouver. 
Raymond  Hunter,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
George  H.  Hunt,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
John  Hunt,   Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Leo  Hunt,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Clyde  Hupp,  Lerojr,  Infantry. 
Corp.  Chas.  P.  Hursey,  Bloomington,  Air  Service. 

Charles  H.   Hursey,   Bloomington,  Camp  Clerk,  76th  Spruce  Div.,  Oregon. 
Lawrence  Hurst,  Bloomington,  Radio  Section,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Lester  Hurst,  Bloomington,  Radio  School,  Austin,  Texas. 
Raymond  Hurst,  Bloomington,  Field  Artillery. 

Sergt.  James  H.  Hurt,  Cropsey,  Bat.  F,   124th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Eugent  Husseman,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Edward  Huston,  Cropsey,  Infantry,  Camp  Logan,  Co.  A,   108th  Am.   Tr., 

A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  William  E.  Huston,  Cropsey,  Motor  Section,  Co.  A    197th  Am.  Ar., 

A.  E.  F. 

Merle  C.   Hutchinson,  Bloomington,   Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Albert  Huth,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

Emmett  Hutton,  Saybrook,  S.  A.  T.  C.,  Camp  Wesleyan. 
Sergt.  Eugene  B.  Hyndman,  Bloomington,  Co.  L,  139th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 


Lieut.  Boyd  Inman,  Saybrook,  Machine  Gun  Battalion,  Camp  Custer. 
Lieut.  Richard   Ives,   Bloomington,   Royal   Flying   Corps,   Canadian   Army. 
Lieut.  L.  L.  Irwin,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Albert   Ickstadt,   Bloomington,   Medical  Corps. 
Edwin  lehl,  Normal,  Infantry.     Died  at  Camp  Mills. 
Roderick  Imhoff,  Danvers,   Navy,   Great   Lakes. 
Louis  Imig,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Dodge. 
Donald  Ingersoll,  Bloomington,  Ensign  School,  Municipal  Pier. 
Robert  Ingle,  Bellflower,  Mechanics,  Navy. 


J Mt-LEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 437 

Lee  Inman,  Normal,  Infantry,  Camp  Meigs. 

Sergt.  Guy  Ireland,  Normal,  Aviation  Mechanics,  Chanute  Field. 

Corp.  Delmar  V.  Irvin,  Normal,  Tank  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

James  F.  Irvin,  Bloomington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 

Phillip   Irwin,   Bloomington,   Emergency   Fleet,   Norfolk,  Va. 

Hamilton  Irven,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Herbert  Isaac,  Arrowsmith,  Infantry. 

Henry  C.  Isenman,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Oscar  W.  Isenman,  Bloomington,  Clerk,  Aviation. 

W.  H.  lungerich,  Bloomington,  Motor  Truck  Co.  423,  Q.  M.  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Benoni  S.  lungerich,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 


COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Ensign  James  Bruce  Jarrett,  Danvers,  Navy. 

Capt.  Leo  Johnstone,  Bloomington,  A.  E.  F.    Wounded  in  action. 

Lieut.  Howard  A.  Johnson,  Normal,  Aviation,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Lewis  H.  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  Am.  Tr.,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Waldo  T.  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Aerial  Gunnery,  Mt.  Clemens,  Mich. 

Lieut.  Allington   Jolly,   Cropsey,   Aviation,   A.   E.   F.      Fatally   injured  in 

accident. 

Lieut.  L.  F.  Jones,  Leroy,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Donald  Jones,  Leroy,  Aviation,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Kenneth  C.  Jones,  Normal,  Aviation,  San  Diego,  Calif. 
Lieut.  L.  F.  Jones,  Leroy,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Trevor  J.  Jones,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Paul  Jabsen,  Bloomington,  326th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Herbert  Jacke,  Bloomington,  Co.  F,  30th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Carl  J.  Jackson,  Bloomington,  Co.  E,  360th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded. 

Carl  J.  H.  Jackson,  Bloomington,  360th  Infantry.    Wounded  in  action. 

Charles  C.  Jackson,  McLean,  Q.  M.  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Ervin  Jackson,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Navy. 

Corp.  Fred   Jackson,   Bloomington,   Motor   Corps,   Lake   Charles. 

Corp.  Fred  Jackson,  Bloomington,   110th  Aero   Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Vernon  Jackson,  Cooksville,  Battery  H,  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Clarence  K.  Jacobssen,   Bloomington,  92  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Ralph  Jacobs,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Boy  Jacobs,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Royal  W.  Jacobs,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Ben  H.  James,  Lexington,  Camp  Sheridan. 

Charles  James,  Bloomington,  Machinist. 

Sergt.  Maj.  Chas.  Dale  James,  Bloomington,  Adjt.-Gen.  Dept.,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 

Corp.  Earl  James,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded. 

Corp.  William  D.  James,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  Motor  Battery,  1st  Am.  Tr., 
A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  William  Grice  Jameson,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

William  Jamison,  Bloomington,  Mechanic,  Q.  M.  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Bernie  H.  Janes,  Lexington,  Infantry,  Camp  Sheridan. 

Carl  Jansen,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Frank  Louis  Jansen,  Bloomington,  Quartermaster  Corps. 

Herman  H.  Jasper,  Bloomington,  Ordnance  Depot. 


438 McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

Ives  Jean,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Earl  Jefferson,  Bloomington,  73d  Marines,  A.  E.  F. 

Clarence  Jeffries,  Cooksville,  Infantry,  Fort  Adams. 

Sergt.  Floyd  Jenkins,  Lexington,  Co.  D,     345th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Gilbert  Jenkins,  Lexington,  Bat.  E,  Fort  Sill. 

Corp.  John  C.  Jenkins,  Lexington,  Infantry.     Killed  in  action. 

Luther  Jenkins,  Lexington,  Navy,  Norfolk,  Va. 

Walter  E.  Jenkins,   Lexington,   106th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Mevise   C.   Jennings,   Ellsworth,   Chief  Quartermaster,   Naval    Aviation, 

Boston. 

Elmer  Jensen,  Heyworth,  210th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
Harry  Jensen,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 
John  Jensen,  Heyworth,  Navy. 
Peter  Jensen,  Heyworth,  Navy. 

Clyde  Z.  Jetton,  Bloomington,  Eadio  Section,  Navy. 
Fred  Jetton,  Bloomington,  Motor  Transport,  A.  E.  F. 
Joseph  T.  Jiskra,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Peter  J.  Jochem,  Bellflower,  Co.  B,  328th  Machine  Gun,  A.  E.  F. 
Boyd  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Carl  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Chester   K.  Johnson,   Bloomington,   Chemical  Warfare,   Washington,  D.   C. 
Chester  K.  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Chemical  Warfare  Service,  A.  E.  F. 
Don  Johnson,  Weston,  Co.  A,  9th  Div.,  M.  P.,  Camp  Sheridan,  Ala. 
Elea  Johnson,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

E.  W.  Johnson,  McLean,  Motor  Corps,  Bradley  Institute. 
Frank  E.  Johnson,  Bloomington,   llth  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
Florence  I.  Johnson,  Normal,  Eed  Cross  Nurse,  Camp  Shelby,  Miss. 
George  W.  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Sergt.  Grover  Johnson,  Normal,  Aviation,  Dayton,  Ohio. 
Sergt.  George  Johnson,  Lexington,  Infantry. 

Gustave  A.  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Field  Artillery,  Camp  Taylor. 
Corp.  Harian  M.  Johnson,  Downs,  Bat.  B,  124th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Harold  E.  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Harry  G.  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Musician,  106th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Hobart  Johnson,  Leroy,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Homer  Johnson,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
James  C.  Johnson,  Bloomington,  E.  E.  3,  Wagoner,  Co.  G,  108th  Am.  Tr., 

A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  James  Johnson,  Normal,  Montgomery,  Ala. 
James  T.  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

John  E.  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Unit  131,  Medical  Corps,  Jefferson  Barracks 
John  Earl  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Bat.  B,  343d  Field  Artillery,  90th  Div., 

A.  E.  F. 

John  Paul  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Corps,  Chanute  Field. 
John  T.  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Bat.  B,  343d  F.  A.,  Camp  Travis. 
Joseph  M.  Johnson,  Normal,  Infantry. 
Lewis    Boss   Johnson,    Bloomington,   Aviation,    Master    Signal    Electrician, 

Kelly  Field. 

Lyle  Johnson,  Stanford.  273d  Aero  Squadron,  Taliafero  Field,  Texas. 
Mark  Lowell  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Dental,  130th  Infantry. 
Melvin  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
G.  Vasa  Johnson,  Heyworth.  Field  Artillery. 

Corp.  Oscar  W.  Johnston,  Bloomington,  5th  Ordnance  Supply  Co. 
Paul   Johnson,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Bantoul. 
Balph  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Bansom    Johnson,    Bloomington,    Infantry.      Died    of    pneumonia,    Camp 

Devens,  Miss. 
Bolla  T.  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 


HcLEAh    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 439 

Waldo  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Aviation  School,  IT.  of  I. 

Corp.   Walter  Johnson,   Bloomington,   Ordnance,   Camp  Eanton,  N.   J. 

Warren  E.  Johnson,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  A.  B.  Jolly,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Orville  Jolly,  Bloomington,  Engineers,  Camp  Meigs. 

Sergt.  Fred  John,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Eeuben  John,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Ambrose  Jones,  Normal,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Bert  Jones,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Donald  T.  Jones,  Leroy,  Aviation,  Berkeley,  Cal. 

Elmo  E.  Jones,  Bloomington,  466th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Ernest  A.  Jones,  Bloomington,  Clerk,  Signal  Corps. 

Everett  Jones,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Frank  Jones,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Floyd  Jones,  CoJfax,  Infantry,  Fort  Wright. 

Fornt  T.  Jones,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Gardner  Jones,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

George  W.  Jones,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Hubert  Jones,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Jesse  Jones,  Bloomington,  Supply  Depot,  13th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

John  J.  Jones,  Bloomington,  Telephone,  46th  Infantry. 

John  M.  Jones,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

J.  E.  Jones,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Lee  Jones,  Bloomington,  Motor  Corps,  Kansas  City. 

Lester  A.  Jones,  Leroy,  A.  E.  F. 

Loring  F.  Jones,  Bloomington,  Infantry.     Died  at  Camp  Grant,  Oct.  14. 

Marion  S.  Jones,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  67th  Motor  Truck  Company,  A.  E.  F. 

Marshall  W.  Jones,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Noble  M.  Jones,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Wright  Field. 

O.  L.  Jones,  Normal,  24th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

O.  W.  Jones,  Bloomington,  Bat.  E,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Patrick  Jones,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Ealeigh  Jones,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Eeuben  Jones,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Eichard  Jones,  Lexington,  Co.  H,  124th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Eobert  L.  Jones,  U.  S.  Naval  Beserve,  Great  Lakes. 

Eussell  H.  Jones,  Bloomington,  Bugler,  Navy. 

Samuel  Jones,  Chenoa,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Solomon  Jones,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Thomas  Jones,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Warren  Jones,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  364th  Infantry,  U.  S.  Eegulars. 

Wesley  Jones,  McLean,  Engineers. 

Wilson  Jones,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Frank  M.  Jordan,  Bloomington,  Co.  H,  348th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Died  of 

wounds. 

John  D.  Jordan,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Logan. 
Bay  Jordan,  Bloomington,  Mechanical,  Northwestern  University. 
Walter  M.  Jordan,  Shirley,  Field  Artillery. 
Shirley  Judd,  Colfax,  Bat.  E,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
J.  J.  Jurek,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
George  Jordan,  Bellflower,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

K 

COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Major  Dayton  Keith,  Quartermaster's  Corps. 

Lieut.  Charles  P.  Kane,  Bloomington,  Field  Artillery,  Camp  Taylor. 

Lieut.  Guy  A.  Karr,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 


t 

440 McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 

Ensign  John  H.  Kasbeer,  Navy,  A.  E.  F.,  Expedition  to  Archangel. 

Lieut.  John  J.  Kates,  Bloomington,  Ordnance,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Verne  C.  Kellogg,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Corps,  Newport  News. 

Lieut.  J.  K.  Kemp,  Lexington,  Infantry,  Meridian,  Miss. 

Lieut.  Kaywin  Kennedy,  Normal,  Signal  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Thomas  H.  Kennedy,  Normal,  Officers'  Training,  Camp  Grant. 

Lieut.  Everett  F.  Kent,  Gridley,  Aviation,  Dallas,  Texas. 

Lieut.  C.  E.  Kerr,  Anchor,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Beauregard. 

Lieut.  Eaymond  Kettering,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Merritt. 

Lieut.  Julius  P.  Klemm,  Bloomington,  Co.  124,  Ord.  Depot,  Camp  Hancock. 

Ensign  John  M.  Kumler,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Pelham  Bay. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Diede  Kahle,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Edward  Kahle,  Lexington,  Co.  B,  320th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 

Frank  C.  Kahle,  Yates  Township,  Co.  A,  358th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Frank  Kahle,  Lexington,  340th  Machine  Gun,  A.  E.  F. 

L.  D.  Kahle,  Lexington,  Co.  F,  123d  Infantry,  Camp  Wheeler,  Ga. 

Maurice  Kalahar,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  C.  E.  Kallbreier,  Lexington,  3rd  Co.  C.  C.  D.,  Fort  Wright. 

Sergt.  Arthur  P.  Kane,  Bloomington,   Aerial  Photography,  Americus,  Ga. 

Ben  Kaplan,  Chenoa,  Infantry.     Died  of  influenza  at  Jefferson  Barracks. 

Sergt.  Charles  N.  Karr,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  7th  Field  Bat.,  El  Paso,  Tex. 

George  Katsoulis,  Co.  I,  167th  Infantry,  42d  Bainbow,  A.  E.  F. 

George  Katz,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

E.  E.  Kauffold,  Bloomington,  Bugler,  18th  Battalion,  U.  S.  Infantry. 

David  Kaufman,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  4th  Bat.,  Section  A,  Camp  McArthur, 

Texas. 

George  Kaufman,  Bloomington,  464th  Casualty  Company,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Fred  Kauth,  Colfax,  13th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
Bobert  Kavanaugh,  Bloomington,  Gunner's  Mate,  Great  Lakes. 
Boy  W.   Kaylor,   Bloomington,  Infantry,  Washington.  D.  C. 
Donald  A.  Kazar,  Bloomington,  Electrician,  U.  S.  Naval  Eeserves. 
Charles  E.  Keeler,  Colfax,  S.  S.  U.  540,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Wm.  G.  Keen,  Bandolph,  30th  Artillery. 
Admiral  D.  Keene,  McLean,  Infantry,  Camp  Furston. 
Sergt.  Oliver  W.  Keene,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded  in  action. 
Clarence  B.  Keeran,  Bloomington,  Telegraph  Operator. 
Harry  A.  Keese,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Charles  Kegel,  Cooksville,  Infantry.  • 
Clifford  W.  Keiser,  Bloomington,  Marines,  Cuba. 
Charles  E.  Keller,  Colfax,  S.  S.  TJ.  540,  A.  E.  F. 
Jesse  Kellow,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Houston,   Texas. 
Harold  Kelly,  Bloomington,  Gunner's  Mate,  Great  Lakes. 
James  C.  Kelly,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
John  Kelly,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes,  Badio. 
Albert  E.  Kelsey,  Gridley,  P.  W.  E.  Company,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.   S.   Beau  Kemp,  Bloomington,   Hdq.   B.   S.   C.,   Am.    Emb.  Center, 

A.  E.  F. 

George  Kendall,  Cooksville,  6th  Co.,  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Lloyd  W.  Kendall,  Bloomington,  1st  Corps,  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Isaac  D.  Kenion,  Arrowsmith,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
First  Class  Sergt.  Alex  Kennedy,    Bloomington,    Co.    A,    4th    Engineers, 

A.  E.  F. 
Arthur  B.  Kennedy,  Lexington,  Co.  C,  168th  Infantry,  42d  Div.,  Army  of 

Occupation,  Niedersberg,  Bresig,  Germany. 
Donald  Kennedy,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 


McLEAN   COUNTY  AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


441 


Lieut.    Dan    McFarland 


Top  Row  (left  to  right) — Leo  Harbert, 
John -Howes,  (below)  Chas.  Heldt. 

Second  Row — Elmer  ,1.  Hallsted,  Thos. 
J.  Hayden,  (below)  Albert  C. 
Haaker. 

Third  Row — Parker  H.  Holmes,  Chas. 
S.  Hursey,  (below)  William  Hite. 

Fourth  Row — 'Paul  L.  Henderson, 
Daniel  A.  Hayden,  (below)  Clar- 
ence E.  Hauser. 

Bottom  Row — Harold  Harris,  Leo 
Hobert. 


Above — Benj.      B.      Anderson, 
Battery    E,    68th    Artillery. 

Below — Clarence    G.    Anderson, 
mechanical   school,    Bradley   Poly. 


442 


Glenn  Kennedy,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 

Wm.  Lloyd  Kenny,  Bloomington,  Medical  S.  A.  T.  C. 

Paul  Kent,  Gridley,  Infantry,  Camp  Carolina. 

Albert  L.  Kerber,  Colfax,  Co.  E,  124th  Infantry.     Died  from  pneumonia 

in  France. 

Evans  S.  Kern,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
H.  T.  Kerr,  Bloomington,  53d  R.  F.  C.,  A.  E.  F. 
James  H.  Kerr,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Musician,  Pelham  Bay. 
Eoy  Kerr.  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Austin  J.   Kershaw,   Bloomington,   841st  Aero  Squadron,  A.   E.   F. 
William  Kershaw,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

William  O.  Kershner,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  604th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Herbert  Kersten,  Infantry. 

Lewis  E.  Kessler,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  lllth  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Hugh  C.  Keys,  Leroy,  Bat.  B,  124th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Lee  S.  Key,  Bloomington,  204th  Signal  Bat.,  Camp  Custer. 
Sergt.  Fred  W.  Kienzle,  Bloomington,  Bat.  E,  68th  Artillery,  France. 
Ealph  Kienzle,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Albert  Kiesemetter,  Bloomington,  Seaman. 

Corp.  Roy  Kightlinger,  Bloomington,  Bat.  F,  12th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Leonard  J.  Kilgore,  Bloomington,  15th  Recruit  Co.     Died  at  Camp  Forest, 

Georgia. 

Thomas  B.  Kilgore,  Bloomington,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Secretary,  A.  E.  F. 
Lackey  Killian,  Bloomington,  Co.A,  3d  Infantry,  Ligitas,  Tex.,  Border  duty. 
Wilbur  Killion,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Wheeler.     Killed  by  train, 

Ken. 

Sergt.  Gordon  Kimes,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Chanute  Field. 
Basdom  G.  Kimler,  Ellsworth,  Co.  C,  2d  Engineers,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded 

in  action. 

Homer  Kimler,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Irwin  Kimler,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Ivan  Kimler,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Kenneth  Kimler,  Leroy,  77th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.   Roy  E.   Kimler,  Leroy,  Co.  B,   339th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.   E.  F. 
Sergt.  Julian  Kincaid,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Clyde  A.  Kind,  Stanford,  Navy.     Died  at  Great  Lakes  of  influenza. 
Patrick    L.    Kinder,    Bloomington,    331st    Machine    Gun    Bat.,    26th    Div., 

A.  E.  F.     Injured  in  train  wreck  in  France. 
Robert  P.  Kinder,  Bloomington,  Co.  L,  4th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
William  Kinder,  Bloomington,  120th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  25th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Coleman  L.  Kindred,  McLean,  Infantry.     Wounded  in  action. 
Allen  C.  King,  Normal,  106th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Elby  King,  Bloomington,  Engineers. 

Ellsworth  E.  King,  Chenoa,  Bat.  C,  58th  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Gilbert  King,  McLean,  Engineering  Corps. 
Cassell  Kingdon,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge. 
Miss  Rugh  Kinman,  Normal,  Red  Cross  Nurse,  A.  E.  F. 
Irvin  Kinsey,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Irwin  Kinsey,  Leroy,  Bat.  E,  68  U.  C.  A.  C.,  A.  E.  F. 
James  M.  Kinsella,  Bloomington,  Motor  Transport,  Sheffield,  Ala. 
William  Kinsella,  Bloomington,  Ambulance  Driver  Red  Cross. 
John  T.  Kirk,  83rd  Field  Artillery,  8th  Brigade. 
Simon   Kirk,   Bloomington,   Shipbuilding. 
Sergt.  Chas.  Kirwan,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Henry  E.  Klafke,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
William   E.   Klatt,  Bloomington,   Co.   B,   108th   Military  Police,  A.   E.  F. 

Wounded. 
Andrew  Klein,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 443 

Edwin  E.  Klein,  Gridley,  5th  Co.,  O.  A.  E.  D.,  Forestry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Frank  Klein,  Gridley,  Co.  G,  345th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Julius  Klemm,  Bloomington,  Ordnance,  Camp  Wheeler. 

Byron  Kline,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

John  Klinkradt,  Infantry. 

Elmer  Klopfenstein,  Gridley,  Infantry. 

Fred  Klopfenstein,  Gridley,  Infantry. 

G.  E.  Knapp,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Pike. 

John  E.  Knapple,  Danvers,  Aviation,  Mechanic. 

Carl   Knecht,   Normal,   Ambulance  Co.   129,   108th   San.   Train,   33rd  Div., 

A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Bryce  M.  Knight,  Coif  ax,  261st  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
G.  L.  Knight,  Bloomington,  Engineering. 
Eoy  L.  Knick,  Danvers,  Infantry,  Camp  Wright. 
Elmer  L.  Knowles,  Bloomington,  infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
George  H.  Knuth,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Louis   Koch,    Bloomington,    Infantry,   A.    E.    F.      Killed    in    action,    Sept. 

12,  1918. 

Herman  Henry  Kohrs,  Holder,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Charles  A.  Komnick,  Covel,  Q.  M.  Corps,  Camp  Wheeler  and  Camp  Gordon. 
Carl  E.  Koons,  108th  Am.  Tr.,  A.  E.  F. 
Albert   Koos,   Bloomington,  Machinist. 

Emmett  S.  Koos,  Bloomington,  Ambulance  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Lawrence  Koos,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Leo  J.  Kraft,  Towanda,  Bugler,  Co.  C,  68th  Infantry,  Camp  Sheridan,  Ala. 
Lowell  C.  Kraft,  Towanda,  Supply  Company,  N.  B.  C.,  Camp  Wheeler. 
Theodore  F.  Kraft,  Bloomiugton,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Harry  C.  Kraps,  Bloomington,  312th  Motor  Transportation,  A.  E.  F. 

Wounded. 
Sergt.  George  A.  Kraus,  Danvers,  Co.  B,  124th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 

Wounded. 

John  H.  Kraus,  Danvers,  Co.  I,  18th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Killed  in  action. 
Fred  Krebaum,   Bloomington,   118th   Engineers,   Marseilles,   France. 
George  T.  Kriden,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Arthur  E.  Kron,  Bloomington,  Co.  E,  lllth  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Emmett  Kuhn,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Kelly   Field,   Texas. 
Corp.  Waldo  Kuhn,  Normal,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
William  Kuhn,   Bloomington,   Infantry. 
John  Kumle,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Dover,  N.  H. 
Sergt.   Walter   Kurth,   Bloomington,   Baker,   Fort   Eiley. 
P.   Clifton   Kurtz,   Bloomington,   Eadio   School,   Navy,   Harvard. 
Donald  E.  Kyger,  Bloomington,  Engineer,  Camp  Oglethorpe. 
William  Kyle,  Infantry,  Fort  Wright,  N.  Y. 
Harry  L.  Kyser,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 


L 

COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Lieut.  Matthew  Lawrence,  Hudson,  Bat.  C,  6th  Field  Art,,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  William  E.  Lewis,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Chanute  Field. 

Ensign  Charles  Chesterfield  Liggett,  Normal,  Navy,  Pelham  Bay. 

Lieut.  Irvin  Lillard,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Fort  Sheridan. 

Eev.  John  Turner  Lillard,  Jr.,  1st  Lieut,  and  Chaplain,  U.  S.  E.,  Camp 

Taylor,  Ken. 

Capt.  Charles   E.  Lindsay,  Lexington,   Medical   Corps,  A.   E.   F. 
Lieut.  William   McWherteo   Loehr,    Bloomington,    Infantry,    Camp   Taylor. 


444 McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOULD    WAR 

Lieut.  Charles  Loney,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Lieut.  Carl  Lukeman,  Bloomington,   Food  Dept.,  Washington,  D.   C. 

Lieut.  David  Lutz,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Langley  Field. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

John  La  Belle,  Bloomington,  Electrical  Engineer,  Sheffield,  Ala. 

Corp.  Harry  H.  Lafferty,  14  C.,  3r  A.  S.  M. 

Eobert  Lahcy,  Bloomington,  Artillery,  Canadian  Army. 

DeLoss  Lain,  Bloomington,  Medical  Supply  Dept.,  A.  E.  F. 

Emmett  L.  Lain,  Colfax,  Coast  Artillery,  Newport  News. 

William  Lake,  Lexington,  Co.  B,  137th  Machine  Gun,  Camp  Shelby. 

Charles  W.  Lakin,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery. 

Paul  E.  LaMarr,  Normal,  Infantry,  Camp  Funston. 

Sergt.  Thomas  Lamb,  Bloomington,  26th  Ambulance  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Hobart  Lambin,  Danvers,  335th  Supply  Company,  A.  E.   F. 

Harry  Lambke,  Danvers,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 

Guy  Lambdin,  Danvers,  Apprentice  Seaman. 

Walter  Lambrecht,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Ernest  Lamke,  Motor  Truck  Dept. 

Fred  A.  Lamke,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Ed  Lampke,  Great  Lakes. 

Corp.  Harold  Landath,  Co.  84,  6th  Eegiment  TJ.  S.  Marines,  A.  E:  F. 

Ernest  A.  Lane,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

John  Lane,  Bloomington,  Engineering,  Camp  Humphreys. 

Elmer  Lane,  Meadows,  Infantry. 

Joseph  Elmer  Lane,  Danvers,  U.  S.  S.  Ternate  Naval  Service. 

William   Lane,   McLean,   Medical   Corps,   Camp   Dodge. 

Sergt.  William  Lane,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Leonard  Lang,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  604th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Jesse  Langdon,   Bloomington,   Marines. 

a'rnie  Langhoff,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Frank  Langhoff,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Roy  Lanham,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Chris  Lanigan,  Bloomington,  E.  R.  4,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

David  Lanigan,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Waco,  Texas. 

William  Lanigan,  Bloomington,  Co.  F,  325th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

William  Lanigan,  Bloomington,  Co.  H,   124th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Florence  Virginia  Langley,  Nurse,  Base  Hosp.  91,  Commercy,  France. 

Hartzell  Langstaff,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

Kline  A.  Lantz,  Downs,  Infantry,  Engineering.     Died  of  influenza  at  Fort 

Harrison. 

Fridolin   Lanzer,   Chenoa,   Infantry.      Died    of  influenza   at   Camp   Dodge. 
Walter  Lape,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Leslie  H.  Larison,  Bloomington,  124th  Machine  Gun,  Camp  Forest. 
Bryan  Lash,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 

Leslie  O.  Lash,  Bloomington,  Infantry.    Died  of  pneumonia  at  Camp  Meigs. 
William  B.  Lasher,  Bloomington,  Bat.  E,  8th  F.  A.,  A.  E.  F. 
Paul  Laskowski,  Bloomington,  Co.  F,   68th  Field  Artillery,  A.   E.  F. 
Otto  Laskowski,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Fort  Wright. 
Paul  LaTeer,  Saybrook,  Tank  Corps. 
G.  R.  Lauderdale,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Harry  Lauderdale,  Machine  Gun  Company,  A.  E.  F. 
Frank  Lavin,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  A.  E.  F.     Injured  by  aero  accident 

in  England. 

Clarence  Lawbaugh,  Bloomington,  S.  A.  T.  C. 
John  C.  Lawhum,  Normal,  Coast  Artillery. 
Corp.  August  Lawrence,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Hancock. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 445 

Sergt.  Boyd  D.  Lawrence,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  110th  Supply  Train,  A.  E.  F. 

Charles  Lawrence,  Bellflower,  Wagoner,  Supply  Co.,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Clifford  Lawrence,  Hudson,  Co.  L,   121st  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Herman  Lawrence,  Infantry. 

Jonas  Lawrence,  Cooksville,  Bat.  F,  124th  Field  Artillery. 

Corp.  Eay  Lawrence,  Co.  D,  110th  Supply  Train. 

Eay  Lawrence,  Normal,  Navy,  Puget  Sound. 

Wilbur  Lawrence,  Bloomington,  S.  A.  T.  C.,  Seattle,  Wash. 

Eoy  Lawson,  Leroy,  Aviation,  Kelly  Field,  Texas. 

Edward  Lawyer,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Lee. 

Chester  Lay,  Bloomington,  Ensign  School,  Municipal  Pier. 

Ewell  Lay,  Ellsworth,  Infantry. 

Charles  E.  Leary,  Bloomington,  Medical  S.  A.  T.  C. 

Edwin  Leatch,  Lexington,  83d  Aero  Squadron,  Langley  Field. 

John  M.  Leary,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Waco,  Texas. 

P.  W.  Leary,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Eichard  Leary,  Bloomington,  210th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Bichard   E.   Leary,   Coif  ax,   Infantry,   Call   Field,   Texas. 

E.  J.  Leckner,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  McArtbur. 

Lloyd  J.  Ledderboge,  Bloomington,  Storekeeper,  U.  S.  S.  Eagle,  Navy. 

Arthur  Lee,  Co.  L,  51st  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Carl  Lee,  Stanford,  349th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded. 

Leonard  F.  Lee,  Bloomington,  S.  A.  T.  C. 

Harry  Lee,  Bloomington,  Eadio   Wireless,  Fort  'Wright. 

Kenneth  Wm.  Lee,  Stanford,  106th  San.  Train,  31st  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

Oscar  Lehman,  Bloomington,  Seaman. 

Paul  H.  Lehman,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Joseph  Lehman,  Meadows,  Infantry. 

Wm.  G.  Leitch,  Bloomington,  S.  A.  T.  C. 

Henry  Leittem,  Bloomington,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Eollin  E.  Lembke,  Co.  E,  357th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Fred  Lemke,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Albert  Lemme,  Co.  F,  27th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.  in  Siberia. 

John  D.  Lemmel,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Ernest  N.  Lemons,  Carlock,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Camp  Logan. 

William  Lenahan,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Denver  Leniton,  Bloomington,  16th  Co.,  Marines,  Paris  Island,  S.  C. 

Balph  Lenkins,  Yale  Laboratory,  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Emil  F.  Leonard,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Edmer  Lettner,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  307th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Harry  Levison,   Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Emerson  Lewis,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

W.  O.  Lewis,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

Herschel  H.  Lewis,  Bloomington,  E.  E.  4,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Leslie  Lewis,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Chanute  Field. 

Sergt.  Loren  B.  Lewis,  Bloomington,  Quartermaster's  Corps. 

W.  E.  Lewis,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sherman  Lewis,  Gridley,  Navy. 

L.  Liemming,  Saybrook,  Navy. 

Sergt.  John  Lighthart,  Bloomington,  Marines,  A.  E.  F. 

W.  W.  Lighthart,  Five  years  in  Navy  Service. 

Charles  Liggett,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Albert  Paul  Limber,  Bloomington,  Yeoman,  Navy. 

John  Lincoln,  Gridley,  Infantry.  Died  at  Houston,  Texas. 

William  Lindblad,  Normal,  Bat.   E,  Second  Field  Artillery,  A.   E.   F. 

David  Linden,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Eobert  Lindley,   Bloomington,   Infantry,  Camp   Wheeler. 

Noble  Lindquist,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 


446 McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

Martin  Lindsay,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Ealph  H.  Linkins,  Normal,  Medical  Dcpt.,  Newport  News. 

Arthur  Link,  Bloomington,  Machinist. 

Allen  Linn,  McLean,  Co.  H,  130th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Chester  C.  Linton,  Ellsworth  Motor  Truck  Corps,  Newport  News. 

Sergt.  Lee  F.  Lishka,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  124th  Machine  Gun,  A.  E.  F. 

Eoy  K.  Lishka,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Gordon   Cole  Littel,   Bloomington,  Navy,   Fireman. 

Allen  Little,  Normal,  Aviation. 

Corp.  John  Little,  Eegular  Army,  B«cruiting  Officer  in  Bloomington. 

Corp.  Ealph   S.   Little,  Bloomington,  337th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.   F. 

Earl  B.  Littleton,  Normal,  Ambulance  Driver,  A.  E.  F. 

Charles  Litweiler,  Chenoa,  349th  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge. 

Arthur  Livingston,  Barber  in  Hospital  in  France. 

Harold  Livingston,  Supply  Depot,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Herbert  Livingston,  Bloomington,  S.  A.  T.  C.,  Wesleyan. 

John  Livingston,  Normal,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 

Sam  Abe  Livingston,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Budolph  Lloyd,   Bloomington,   Medical   Corps,    118th   Engineers,   A.   E.   F. 

Ealph  Loar,  Bloomington,  Medical  Eeserve,  Great  Lakes. 

Andrew  Lock,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Wright. 

Henry  F.  Lock,  Lexington,  Bat.  F,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Maurice  A.  Lockwood,  Bloomington,  Bat.  C,   124th  Field  Artillery, 

A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Herbert  A.  Loehr,  Co.  B,  133d  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  Camp  Logan. 
William   Loffhagen,   Bloomington,   Machinist. 
Corp.  Carl  Lohse,  Bloomington,   127th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.   F. 
Charles  Loney,  Leroy,  Aviation,  U.  of  I. 
Sergt.  Edward  Long,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Colt. 
J.  E.  Long,  Leroy,  Government  Service,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Joseph  F.  Longmier,  Bloomington,  Ordnance,  First  Army,  A.   E.  F. 
Corp.  Earl  A.  Longworth,  McLean,  Bat.  D,  34th  Coast  Art.,  A.  E.  F. 
Park  B.   Longworth,  Bloomington,   Infantry,  Washington,   D.  C. 
Henry  Lord,  Bloomington,   Infantry,   A.  E.  F. 
Peter  Lorig,   Colfax,  Infantry. 
Eugene  Lormor,  Bloomington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Elven  Lott,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Hallie  Lott,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 
Dexter  Lovan,  McLean,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Sergt.  Eugene  DeForest  Love,   (colored)   Co.  A,  306th  Infantry. 
Jack  Lovell,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Ben  Lowe,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Clarence  Lowe,  Colfax,  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge. 
Corp.  Eoy  Lowe,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Eussell  Lowe,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
James  Lucas,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Orville  Lucas,  Bloomington,  Mechanic,  Q.  M.  Dept. 
Bobert  Lucas,  Bloomington,   Eailway  Engineering. 
^Clarence    W.    Luckinbill,    Bloomington,   Navy,   Musician. 
Erwin  0.  Luebchow,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Miss  Winifred  L.  Luker,  Bloomington,  Bed  Cross,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Edward  Lundborg,  Co.  G,  349th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Herman  Lundborg,   Bloomington,   Marines. 
Gus  C.  Lundquist,  Bloomington,  Carpenter,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Noble  L.  Lundquist,  Bloomington,  Carpenter's  Mate,  Navy. 
Laughlin  Lunney,   Heyworth,   Infantry. 
H.  J.  Luth,  Downs,  Eadio  Operator. 
Sergt,.  Franklin  Lutz,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  33d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 447 

Corp.   Bryant   Luzader,   Bloomington,   Medical   Supply,   Chicago. 

H.  C.  Lyman,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Frank  G.  Lynch,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

James  E.  Lynch,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Jewel  Lynch,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

John  Lynch,  Bloomington,  Artillery. 

Allen  Lynn,  McLean,  Co.  II,  130th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Wayne  Lyons,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Florence  Lyon,  Normal,  Nurse,  A.  E.  F. 


M 
COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Major  John  E.  Morrison,  Danvers,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.    Gassed. 

Lieut.  J.  B.  Maurer,  Stanford,  Medical  Eeserve  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  O.  F.  May,  Normal,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Cecil  W.  Macy,  Normal,  295th  Aero   Squadron,   A.  S.  S.  E.  C. 

Capt.  Ealph  McCord,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Capt.  C.  A.  McDermand,  Bloomington,  Dental  Corps,  Camp  Pike. 

Capt.  A.  E.  McEeynolds,  Stanford,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Capt.  Arthur    Morris,    Bloomington,    Medical    Corps,    108th    Signal    Bat., 

A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Don  W.  McDonald,  Bloomington,  Balloon  Division  Signal  Corps. 
Lieut.  Verne  McDougle,  Normal,  Aviation. 
Lieut.  Bob  Boy  McGregor    Bloomington    Motor  Trans.  Corps,  Third  Army, 

A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Dan  McFarland,  McLean,  Marines,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Frank  E.  McFarland,  McLean,  Marines,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Clark  McKnight,  Normal,  Ordnance,  Camp  Upton. 
Lieut.  Chester  McLaren,  Bloomington,  Co.  123  Machine  Gun,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Oliver  McWilliams,   Bloomington,  Bureau   Aircraft  Production. 
Lieut.  F.  P.  Minch,  Lexington,  Medical,  Fort  McHenry. 
Lieut.  Jesse  D.  Mitchell,  Lexington,  35th  Co.,  Depot  Brigade,  Camp  Funston. 
Lieut.  Edgar  W.  Moon,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Spence  Moots,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Lieut.  Eugene   S.    Moulic,   Bloomington,   Aviation,   Park   Field,   A.   E.   F. 
Ensign  Donald  E.  Marquis,  Navy,  Overseas. 

Lieut.  James  C.  Munch,  Bloomington,  7th  Mobile  Field  Laboratory,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Bay  Murphy,  Bloomington,  Sanitary  Division,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Harvey  C.  Myers,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.,  Japan. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Peter  Madden,  Bat.  E,  68th  Coast  Artillery. 

George  Maddick,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Carl  Maddox,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 

Collie  Maddox,   Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Edward  Carl  Maddock,  Bloomington,  B.  B.,  Infantry.     Died  in  France  of 

pneumonia. 

Edward   Madier,   Bloomington,  Coast   Artillery. 
Sergt.  Paul  J.  Madigan,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  N.  Y. 
Sergt.  Earl  Mahaffey,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Kearney. 
Lloyd  T.   Mallicoat,  Stanford,   10th  Aero   Squadron,  A.  E.   F. 
Bobt.  Emmett  MaJoney,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Harry  E.   Maloney,   Bloomington,   Infantry,   Camp   Sheridan. 
Harry  O.  Maltman,  Saybrook,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 


Mont  Mardis,  Ellsworth,  Infantry. 

Lloyd  Majers,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Walter  H.  Man,  Infantry. 

George  Maness,  Cooksville. 

Frank  M.  Mangold,  Bellflower,  Co.  B,  327th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Ander  J.  Mann,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Ralph  Manon,  Lexington,  284  Aero  Squadron,  Cariston  Field. 

Clifford  Manshardt,  Gridley,  Base  Hospital  Unit  No.   14,  A.  E.  F. 

Hilton  Markham,  Bloomington,  Marines.     Wounded  in   action. 

Alice  M.  Markland,  Bloomington,  Nurse,  A.  E.  F. 

Earl  Marks,  Heyworth,  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Miss  Alice   Marquardt,   Bloomington,  Eed  Cross   Nurse,   A.   E.   F. 

Corp.  Emmett  H.  Marquardt,  Bloomington,  Veterinary  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Harry  Marquardt,  Bloomington,   Engineering,   A.   E.  F. 

L.  F.  Marquardt,  Bloomington,  Carpenter's  Mate,  Aviation. 

Budd  Marr,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Norfolk,  Va. 

John  Marsh,  Bloomington,  Machine  Gun  Battery,  A.   E.  F.     Wounded  in 

action. 

F.  J.  Marshal,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Wm.  E.  Marshall,  Normal,  Infantry. 

Erwin  P.  Martenson,  Anchor,  Co.  A,  7th  Infantry.     Killed  in  action. 
Carl  S.  Martin,  Normal,  124th  M.  G.  Bat.,  33rd"  Div.     Wounded  in  action. 
Sergt.  Chas.  Martin,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Delmar   I.   Martin,   Normal,   Navy,   Hospital   Corps,   A.   E.  F. 
Earl  Martin,   Heyworth,  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Ellsworth  Martin,  Bloomington,   19th  Railway  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Elta  Lea  Martin,  Bloomington,  Barracks  Guard,  Infantry,  Fort  McPherson, 

Georgia. 

George  E.  Martin,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery. 
Gerald  Martin,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Corp.  Glenn  Martin,  Heyworth,  13th  Field  Artillery.     Killed  in  action. 
Henry  Martin,  Colfax,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Lawrence  N.  Martin,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Marlin  L.  Martin,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 
Nile  Martin,  Heyworth,  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Paul  Martin,  Normal,  Medical  Dept.,  2d  Bat.,  26th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Roy  Martin,  Leroy,  Infantry,  Camp  Hancock. 

Thomas  J.  Martin,  Saybrook,  Co.  A,  345  M.  G.  Btn.,  90th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Virgil   M.   Martin,   Saybrook,   Co.   D,   362   Infantry,   91st   Div.,  A.   E.   F., 

Belgium. 

Walter  A.  Martin,  Saybrook,  Field  Artillery. 
Cliff  Mason,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Clyde  Mason,  Stanford,  Co.  A,  144th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Frank  Mason,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 
S.  E.  Mason,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Corp.  Charles  H.  Masoncupp,  Hudson,  74th  Motor  Battery,  A.  E.  F. 
Carl  Masso,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Paul  Masso,  Chenoa,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Foreman  Masters,  Heyworth,  Bat.  E,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Rev.  E.  K.  Masterson,  Normal,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Work,  A.  E.  F. 
Maurice  Masterson,  Normal,  Infantry.     Died  at  home  after  brief  service. 
Clark  Mathers,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Edward  Mathers,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Charles  Matt,  Bloomington,  Bat.  E,  Railway  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Harry  Matthews,  McLean,  Coast  Artillery. 

Corp.  Ralph  Matthews,  Normal,  Bat.  E,  7th  Regiment  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Walter  Matthews,  Bloomington,  Camp  Custer. 
Corp.  William  R.  Matthews,  Bloomington,  Bat.  F,  44th  Artillery. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 449 

Wm.  E.  Mattoon,  Bloomington,  124th  M.  G.  Bat.,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded  in 

action. 

Edward  Mattson,  Bloomington,  Co.  F,  349th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Harry  Mattson,  Bloomington,  Co.  G,  360th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Boy  Mattson,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  122d  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Herman  F.  Man,  Bloomington,  Co.  L,  38th  Infantry,  Army  of  Occupation 

in  Germany. 

Adolph  Maurer,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Daniel  Mauney,   Colfax,  Infantry. 

Everett  Barnes  Maurice,  Arrowsmith,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
John  Mavel,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Stanley  E.  Mavity,  Normal,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Jennings  Bryan  Maxwell,  Bloomington,  Navy.     Died  at  Naval  Hospital, 

Portsmouth,  Va. 

Euth  V.  Maxwell,  Bloomington,  Nurse,  Walter  Eeed  Hospital,  Washington. 
Sergt.  Eaymond  H.  Mayer,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Lakewood,  N.  J. 
Lewis  Mayfield,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
W.  H.  Maze,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Sergt.  William  C.  J.  McCabe,  Bloomington,  78th  and  340th  Infantry. 
Basil  McCabble,  Normal,  Cavalry. 

Arthur  McAvoy,  Merna,  Medical  Supply,  New  Orleans,  La. 
Ealph  B.  McCarroll,  Bloomington,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Work,  A.  E.  F. 
Ambrose  McCarthy,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Edward  McCarthy,  Bloomington,  482d  Construction  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
Eugene  McCarthy,  Bloomington,  Navy.     Died  at  Great  Lakes  of  influenza. 
Homer  McClellan,  Colfax,  Infantry. 
Ivo  McClellan,  Colfax,  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
William  McClellan,  Colfax,  Marines.     Wounded  in  action. 
Oscar  McClure,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sidney  McClure,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Thomas  McClure,   Bloomington,   Infantry.     Wounded  in  action. 
Walter  S.  McColley,  Eureka  University,  S.  A.  T.  C. 
William  G.  McColley,  Normal,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Sergt.  Carl  McComb,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  James  A.  McComb,  Heyworth,  Bat.  D,  32d  Field  Artillery,  Camp 

Meade. 

James  A.  McComb,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Eoscoe  McConkey,  Bloomington,  Co.  F,  315th  Supply  Train,  A.  E.  F. 
Cecil  MeConnell,  Lexington,  82d  Co.,  Aviation,  A.  E.  F. 
G.  E.  MeConnell,  Lexington,  Transport,  Navy. 
James  MeCord,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

T.  Orville  MeCord,  Bloomington,  Base  Hospital  82,  A.  E.  F. 
Chester  McCowan,  McLean,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
John  E.  McCoy,  Stanford,  Infantry. 

Normal   McCrary,  Bloomington,   Navy,  Hampton  Eoads. 
John  Noble  McCrary,  Bloomington,  Co.  K,  Fifth  111.,  Machine  Gun. 
Basil  C.  McCubbin,  Normal,  Infantry,  Fort  Sill,  Okla. 
Guy  E.  MeCubbin,  Normal,  73rd  Coast  Artillery,  Portsmouth,  N.  H. 
Scott    E.    McCullough,    Bloomington,    472    Eegiment,    Engineering,    Camp 

Ealeigh. 

E.  McDonald,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Gordon  McDonald,  Bloomington,  Infantry.     Gassed  in  action. 
Sergt.   James   T.   McDonald,  Normal,    123   Machine   Gun   Btn.,   A.    E.   F. 

Wounded. 

Lawrence   McDonald,    Bloomington,   Quartermaster's   Corps,   Camp   Meade. 
Corp.  Owen  T.  McDonald,  Bloomington,  524th  Motor  Transport  Co.,  A.  E.  F. 
Everett  E.  McDowell,  Normal,  First  Class  Petty  Officer,  A.  E.  F. 
Claire  McElheney,  Bloomington,  Medical  Supply,  Chicago. 


450  McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 


Top  row    (Left  to  right) — C.  H.  Hull,  Fred  L.  Hall.     (Above) — Ernest  Heldt. 

Center   row — Lee    Hand,    Leo   L.    Hogan. 

Bottom  row — George  Henninger,  Wilson   K.   Harbert.     (Below) — Walter   Hoffman. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 451 

Don  MeElheney,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Camp  Meigs. 

Howard  McElheney,  Bloomington,  First  Prov.  Co.,  A.  E.  F. 

Harold   E.  McElwam,  Normal,  17th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Bay  McFadden,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Charles  McFall,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Paul   McFarland,   McLean,  Chemical   Warfare,   Cleveland,   Ohio. 

Thomas  McFarland,  Hudson,  Co.  H,  121st  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  John  McFee,  Ellsworth,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Clarence  McFlue,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 

Daniel  T.  McGrath,  Bloomington,  Apprentice  Seaman. 

Edward  R.  McGrath,  Bloomington,  Headquarters  Company,  64th  Infantry, 

A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Herbert  J.  McGrath,  Bloomington    Co.  1,  118th  and  52d  Engineers, 

A.  E.  F. 

James  McGrath,  Bloomington,  Chief  Petty  Officer,  Great  Lakes. 
First  Sergt.  C.  L.  McGraw,  Bloomington,  Base  Hospital  216,  France. 
Frank  J.  McGraw,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Taylor. 
John  McGraw,  Bloomington,  Navy  Mechanic,  A.  E.  F. 
William  E.  McGraw,  Bloomingtoii,  S.  A.  T.  C. 

Sergt.  James  G.  McGuire,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Houston,  Texas. 
Lawrence  McGuire,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Patrick  McGuire,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Sergt.  Smith  McHatton,  Coif  ax,  Aviation  Training  Camp,  St.  Paul. 
Walter  McHugh,  Lexington,   Infantry,  Camp   Forrest. 
James  R.  Mclntosh,  Colfax,  Medical  Corps. 

Joyce  Mclntosh,  Bloomington,  Motorcycle  Company  305,  A.  E.  F. 
David  D.  McKay,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Hamilton  McKee,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Ancil  McKeehan,  Colfax,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded  in  action. 
Sergt.    Claude    McKinney,   Bloomington,    34th   Infantry,   Camp   McArthur. 
Bryce  McKnight,  Colfax,  261st  Aero  Squadron,  Chanute  Field. 
Walter  H.  McLeese,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  McArthur. 
Earl  MeMahon,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Corps,  Camp  Grant. 
Holiway  McMath,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Guy  E.  McMillan,  Bloomington,  64th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Lloyd  McMillan,  Downs,  Infantry. 

Eugene  W.  McMillan,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Wadsworth. 
Francis  McMurry,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Harry  McMurry,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Overseas,  Battleship  Ohio. 
James  Willis  McMurry,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Matthew  G.  McNamara,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  27th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.  Siberia. 
Leslie  McNemar,  Lexington,  Navy  Dept.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
EIRay  McNier,  Bloomington,  Enlisted  April  25,  1917.     Duty  in  canal  zone 

on  mine  planter  since  Sept.  23,  1918. 

Thomas  McNier,  Bloomington,  124th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Edward  McReynolds,  Colfax,  5th  Co.,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Fort  Wadsworth. 
Miles  E.  McReynolds,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Jamestown,  Va. 
Glenn  McTaggart,  Normal,  Marines.    Wounded. 
Sergt.  Glenn  McVey,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Thomas  L.  McVey,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Died  of  pneumonia 

in  France. 

Allen  McVaigh,  Normal,  Coast  Artillery. 
Corp.  Joseph  P.  Meaney,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  67th  Engineers,  Washington, 

D.  C. 

Corp.   Joseph   Means,   Bloomington,    67th   Engineers,   Camp   Logan,   Wash. 
Owen  G.  Means,  Bloomington,  Acting  C.  P.  O.     Died  at  Great  Lakes  of 

influenza. 
Raymond  Means,  Saybrook,  Infantry. 


452 McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 

Wilbur  Means,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Ealph  Meatyard,  Bloomington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 

Harold  M.  Medbery,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Eugene  Meehan,  Bloomington,  Eadio  Section,  Fort  Wright. 

Martin  H.  Meehan,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Stuart. 

Harvey  Meeker,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

George  Meese,  Bloomington,  Aviation. 

George  Mehl,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  124th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

George  Mehl,  Stanford,  156th  Pioneer  Inf.,  A.  E.  F.,  Army  of  Occupation. 

F.  Meir,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Harry  Merna,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

William  B.  Merna,  Bloomington,  Tank  Corps. 

Earl  Merrick,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Killed  in  action. 

Davis    Merwin,    Bloomington,    Marine    Aviation,    Harvard   Unit: 

Miss  Margaret  S.  Merwin,  Bloomington,   Statistical  Work,  A.  E.  F. 

Gail  W.  Metcalf,  Normal,  Engineering  Corps,  Camp  Merritt. 

Walter  H.  Metzher,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Corps,  Camp  Meigs. 

Arthur  L.  Meyer,  Normal,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Va. 

Fred  Meyer,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Moody  W.  Meyer,  Normal,  Co.  D,  18th  Btn.,  U.  S.  G. 

W.  Meyer,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  3d  Infantry,  Texas. 

Julius  Michel,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Joseph  H.  Mikesell,  Normal,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Newton  A.  Mikesell,  Normal,  Coast  Artillery. 

Sergt.  Beverly  H.  Miles,  Bloomington,  805th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Vaughn  Milikin,  Normal,  Navy,  Eadio  School,   Harvard  College. 

Howard  Millard,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Miss  Ann  Burnette  Miller,  Bed  Cross  Nurse,  Camp  Grant. 

Andrew  W.  Miller,  Downs,  Co.  B,  124th  Machine  Gun,  A.  E.  F. 

Archibald  Miller,  Bellflower,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Bernard  F.  Miller,  Bloomington,  Mounted  Police,  El  Paso,  Texas. 

Corp.  Carl  E.  Miller,  Heyworth,  Co.  A,  M.  G.  Bat.,  First  Div.     Killed  in 

action. 

Bert   Miller,  Danvers,  Infantry. 

Carl  O.   Miller,  Bloomington,  348th  Ambulance  Sanitary   Train,  A.   E.   F. 
Charles  W.  Miller,  Covel,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Clarence  Miller,  Normal,  152d  Ambulance  Co.,  A.  E.  F. 
John  Miller,  Danvers,  Infantry. 

Clarence  F.  Miller,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  124th  M.  G.  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
Claude  S.  Miller,  Bloomington,  6th  Eegiment,  75th  Co.,  Marines.     Wounded 

in  action. 

Clyde   E.   Miller,   Danvers,   Infantry.     Died  at   Camp   Grant   of  influenza. 
Sergt.  George  D.  Miller,  Bloomington,  46th  Infantry,  Camp  Sheridan. 
DeWitt  F.  Miller,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
DeWitt  P.  Miller,  Bloomington,  Artillery,  Camp  Wadsworth. 
Guy  Miller,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Earl  Henry  Miller,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Edwin  A.  Miller,  Bloomington,  E.  E.  6,  Infantry. 
Eugene  C.  Miller,  Yuton,  83d  Field  Artillery,  Camp  Fremont. 
Corp.  George  Miller,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  252d  Infantry. 
John  W.  Miller,  Danvers,  Aviation   Service,  A.   E.  F. 
Lewis  Miller,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Leonard  Franklin  Miller,  Bloomington,  9th  Engineers. 
Norval  D.  Miller,  Holder,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Omar  C.  Miller,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Peter  Miller,  Meadows,  Infantry. 
Eaymond  Miller,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Eoiland  B.  Miller,  Bloomington,  30th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 453 

Theodore  D.  Miller,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Waco,  Texas. 

Ulysses  Miller,  Ellsworth,  Infantry.     Killed  in  action. 

Walter  G.  Miller,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Gunners'  Mate  School,  Great  Lakes. 

William  A.  Miller,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 

Charles  G.  Million,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Dept. 

Daniel  B.  Million,  Bloomington,  E.  E.  3,  Infantry. 

Earl  Million,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Guy  Million,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Camp  Johnson. 

Jack  Million,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.    Joseph    Million,    Bloomington,    Co.    B,    124th    Machine    Gun    Bat. 

Wounded  in  action. 

Lewis  Millman,  Normal,  2d  Balloon  Company,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  C.  H.  Mills,  Bloomington,  First  Gas  Division,  A.  E.  F. 
Lyle  Mills,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Harley  Milstead,  Normal,  Petty  Officer,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
H.  P.  Milstead,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Chas.  Milwood,  Bloomington,  A.  E.  F. 
Stanley  Mintus,  Bloomington,  Yeoman,  Great  Lakes. 
Harvey  C.  Mishler,  Covel,  Navy,  Great  Lakes.    Died  of  poison. 
Henry  Mishler,  Carlock,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Lloyd  Mishler,  Covel,  Aviation,  Chanute  Field. 
Francis  Misner,  Bloomington,  Electrician. 

Edward   B.   Mitchell,   Bloomington,   Officers'   Training  Camp,   Camp   Pike, 
fiverett  M.  Mitchell,  Arrowsmith,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Harry  L.  Mitchell,  Lexington,  Hdqrs.  Company,  60th  Coast  Artillery, 

A.  E.  F. 

Harry  Mitchell,  Colfax,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Homer  W.  Mitchell,  Twin  Grove,  Fireman,  Navy.     Died  on  shipboard  of 

pneumonia. 

Howard  Leslie  Mitchell,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Cape  May,  N.  J. 
Reid   Mitchell,   Bloomington,   Engineer,   Norfolk,   Va. 
Harry  Moberly,  Leroy,  Musician. 

Joseph  W.  Mock,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  140th  Infantry,  35th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Lewis  V.  Mock,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  3d  Infantry,  Del  Eio,  Texas. 
Sergt.  Paul  Mockert,  Bloomington,  Chemical  Warfare,  Cleveland. 
Arthur  Moews,  Bloomington,  Navy  Machinist,  A.  E.   F. 
Corp.  Martin  Moews,  Motor  Truck  Co.   709,  A.  E.  F. 
Theodore  Moews,  Bloomington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Joseph  Moews,  Bloomington,  68th  Art.,  A.  E.  F. 
Clay  Mohr,  Arrowsmith,  Aviation,  San  Antonio,  Texas. 
Lyle  B.  Mohr,  Normal,   S.  A.  T.   C.,  Wesleyan   University. 
Sergt.  Herbert  Moise,  Bloomington,  Motor  Transport,  San  Antonio,  Texas. 
Siegried  F.  Moline,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Walfried  E.  Moline,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Sergt.  James  J.  Monahan,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  330th  Am.  Company, 

A.  E.  F. 

B.  L.  Moneymaker,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 
Alvah   Monical,   Bellflower,   Infantry. 
Charles  Monical,  Bellflower,  Infantry. 

Harold  W.  Mont,  Lexington,  Co.  G,  123d  Infantry,  Camp  Mills. 
Sergt.  Albert  Montgomery,  Bloomington,  Medical  Department,  Fort  Eiley. 
Max  Montgomery,  Aero  Service,  A.  E.  F. 

Dean  C.  Montgomery,  Bloomington,  720  Motor  Trans.  Corps. 
Sergt.  Oscar  Montgomery,  Bloomington,  Medical  Dept.,  Fort  Riley. 
Bessie  Moon,  Bloomington,  Nurse,  Base  Hospital  99,  A.  E.  F. 
Edgar  Moon,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
E.  A.  Moon,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Sergt.  Dowl  Mooney,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Chanute  Field. 


454   McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

Sergt.  Alpha  K.  Moore,  Carlock,  2nd  A.  S.  M.  Kegiment,  15th  Co.,  A.  E.  F. 

Byron  R.   Moore,  Normal,   Navy,   Submarine  Chaser. 

Frank  Moore,  Normal,  Marine  Corps,  Municipal  Pier. 

Hayes  Moore,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Mills. 

Sergt.  Herbert  Moore,  Bloomington,  E.  E.   3,   Co.  D,  329th  Motor   Truck 

Company,  Camp  Holabird,  Md. 
James  Moore,  (colored),  Bloomington,  Cavalry. 
Jesse  Moore,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 
Sergt.  Joe  F.  Moore,  Chemical  Warfare,  A.  E.  F. 
John  T.  Moore,  Lexington,  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  A.  E.  F. 
Joseph  Moore,  Bloomington,  Chemical  Warfare,  A.  E.  F. 
Louis  Moore,  Bloomington,  Aerial  Photography,  Fort    Sill. 
Melvin  W.  Moore,  Bloomington,  E.  E.  3,  Co.  C,  357th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Wounded  in  action. 

Oscar  Moore,  Colfax,  Co.  F,   102d   Infantry,  26th   Division,  A.   E.   F. 
Corp.  Bay  W.  Moore,  Bloomington,  321st  Supply  Company,  A.  E.  F. 
Bay  M.   Moore,  Normal,  Apprentice  Seaman. 
Raymond  E.   Moore,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Raymond    W.    Moore,    Bloomington,    Stenographer    Q.    M.    Dept.,    Camp 

Johnston. 
Robert  H.  Moore,  123d  Ambulance  Train  Co.,  106th  Sanitary  Train,  31st 

Div.,  Camp  Mills. 

Boy  B.  Moore,  Bloomington,  Machine  Gun. 

Sanford  H.   Moore,   Bloomington,  325th   Infantry,   82d  Div.,  A.   E.   F. 
Sylvan  Moore,  Carlock,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Vernon  Moore,  Colfax,  Infantry,  4th  Div.,  Army  of  Occupation,  A.  E.  F. 
Frank  Moots,  Leroy,  S.  A.  T.  C. 

Herbert  Moots,  Bloomington,  31st  Div.,  Ammunition  Train,  A.  E.   F. 
William  T.  Moran,  Heyworth,  Co.  D,  24th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
BaJph  C.  Morath,  Bloomingtou,  Aviation,  Camp  Custer. 
Louis  W.   More,  Bloomington,  Post  Field,  Fort  Sill,  Okla. 
Harry  T.  Morefield,  Colfax,  Infantry. 
Oscar   E.    Morfield,    Colfax,   Infantry. 
Sergt.  Arthur  Morgan,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Arthur  Morgan,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Pike. 
David  T.  Morgan,  Bloomington,  6th  Marines.     Killed   in  action. 
William   Morgan,   Bloomington,  6th  Co.,  6th   Begiment   Marines,  A.   E.   F. 

Wounded. 

Frank  Morger,  Bloomington,  II.  S.  S.  Gregory. 

Raymond  Morger,  Bloomington,  Cook,  Bat.  F/332d  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.   Boy   Morrell,    Bloomington,   Co.    B,   329th    Machine   Gun   Battalion, 

A.  E.  F.     Wounded. 

Ernest  Morris,  Hudson,  Infantry.     Wounded  in  action. 
Jesse  O.  Morris,  Colfax,  2d  Co.,  40th  Div.,  Camp  Kearney. 
Sergt.  George  L.  Morris,  Stanford,  2d  Prov.  Co.,  Q.  M.  C.,  Camp  Meigs. 
John  L.  Morris,  Stanford,  25th  Engineering  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Charles  Morrison,   Bloomington,   Engineering. 
Charles  Morrison,  Danvers,  Field  Artillery. 
James  J.  Morrissey,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
James   S.   Morrissey,   Bloomington,   Infantry. 
Sergt.  John  O.  Morrissey,  Bloomington,  Ambulance  Service,  Italian  Front, 

A.  E.  F. 

Erwin  P.   Mortenson,  Anchor,  Aviation. 
Raymond  Mortimer,  Normal,  Q.  M.  Dept. 

Robert  Morton,  Normal,  Artillery,  A.  E.  F.     Badly  wounded. 
Lyle  Moss,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Edward  A.  Mott,  17th  Tra.  Bat.,  Infantry,  Replacement. 
Stanley  Mount,  Leroy,  Infantry. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 455 

George  E.  Muffley,  Lexington,  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  Navy. 

Edward  Mullens,  Leroy,  Infantry,  Texas. 

Edward  Mullin,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Jesse  A.  Munsell,  Bloomington,  Co.  23,  Jefferson  Barracks. 

Eleazer  E.  Munsell,  Bloomington,  E.  E.  5,  Submarine  C-2,  Panama. 

George  E.  Munsell,  Bloomington,  E.  E.  5,  Second  Class  Seaman,  Seattle. 

Jesse  A.  Munsell,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery. 

Miss  Ada  Munson,  Bloomington,  Eed  Cross  Nurse. 

Fred  H.  Mumson,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 

Homer  Munster,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Frank  C.  Munther,  Bloomington,  339th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 

Verne  Murdey,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Adolph  Murer,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  George  C.  Murfey,  Bloomington,  486th  Engineers,  Camp  Meigs. 

Sergt.  David  E.  Murphy,  Colfax,  266th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Edwin  L.  Murphy,  Bloomington,  3'03  Motor  Trans.  Corps.,  A.  E.  F. 

J.  Bernard  Murphy,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Michael  Murphy,  Colfax,  Infantry,  A.   E.  F. 

Pearl  T.  Murphy,  Colfax,  30th  Aero  Squadron,  Mt.  Clemens. 

Sergt.  Mack  Murphy,  Bloomington,  Co.  I,  llth  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Pearl  F.  Murphy,  Holder,  Coast  Artillery. 

Jiussell  Murphy,   Bloomington,   Infantry,   Macon,  Ga. 

William  C.  Murphy,  Stanford,  Infantry. 

A.  E.  Murray,  Bloomington,  E.  E.  3,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Charles  E.  Murray,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Fred  E.  Murray,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

George  P.  Murray,  Bloomington,  Machinist,  Aviation. 

Leo  Murray,  Bloomington,  Eadio  School,  Harvard  College. 

Sergt.  Lome  P.  Murray,  Bloomington,  154th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Louis  Murray,  Bloomington,  Engineering. 

Sergt.  William  L.  Murray,  Cropsey,  1st  Co.,.  108th  Am.  Tr.,  Camp  Logan. 

Otis    Mussellman,    Bloomington,    E.    E.    3,    Canadian    Engineering    Corps. 

France. 

Arnold  C.  Muxfeldt,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Allen  F.  Myers,  Lexington,  488th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
Fred  Myers,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Fred  Myers,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Harry  F.  Myers,  McLean,  Marines.     Died  of  wounds  received  in  action. 
Jacob  W.  Myers,  Varney,  Infantry. 
John  A.  Myers,  Arrowsmith,  Signal  Service,  A.  E.  F. 
Wayne  Myers,  Saybrook,  Sanitary  Dept.,  A.  E.  F. 


N 

COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Major  Eobert  Avery  Noble,  Bloomington,  Medical  Ees.  No.  5,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Frank   Normile,    Bloomington,   Q.    M.    Dept.,    Camp   Johnstone. 
Lieut.  John  Normile,  Bloomington,  Engineers,  A.   E.  F. 
Lieut.  E.  A.  Norton,  Bloomington,  Personnel  Officer,  Iowa  State  University. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Chester  Naffziger,  Stanford,  Machine  Gun,  28th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Homer  Naffziger,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Leo  C.  Naffziger,  Stanford,  Co.  E,  315th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded 
in  action. 


456 McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 

Milburn  Naffziger,  Danvers,  Infantry. 

Christian  P.  Naffziger,  Stanford,  360th  Ambulance  Co.,  315th  Sanitary 

Train,  A.  E.  F. 

Walter  E.  Naffziger,  Danvers,  18th  Infantry,  Jefferson  Barracks. 
Herman  F.  Nau,  Bloomington,  Co.  L,  38th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Clifford  J.  Naugle,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Campbell  Neal,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Guy  Neal,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Marvin  Neal,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Marvin  Campbell  Neal,  Leroy,  U.  S.  S.  Carola,  Brest,  France. 
Euel  Neal,  Leroy,  Co.  A,  131st  Infantry.     Killed  in  action. 
Carroll  D.  Neeld,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Corp.  N.  P.  Neff,  Danvers,  Bat.  A,  124th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Francis  P.  Nelle,  Bloomington,  Aviation. 
Bany  Nelle,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
F.  Baymond  Nelle,  Bloomington,  Uj  S.  Naval  Eeserve.     Enlisted  May  14. 

1918,  released  Feb.  9,  1919. 
Corp.  Charles  E.  Nelson,  Leroy,  116th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F.     Killed  in 

motor  accident. 

Sergt.  Donald  M.  Nelson,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  3d  Supply  Train.    Wounded. 
Elmer  E.  Nelson,  Bloomington,  Engineers  and  S.  A.  T.  C. 
Corp.  Gilbert  Nelson,  Bloomington,  Bat.  C,  18th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Oscar  Nelson,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  9th  Field  Bat.,  S.  C.,  A.  E.  F. 
Lester  C.  Neuerberg,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps. 
Louis  Neumann,  Bloomington,  Stenographer,  A.  E.  F. 
Jaines  C.  Nevin,  Bloomington,  Co.  G,  4th  Eegiment,  Comp  Perry,  Greeat 

Lakes. 

Sergt.  Major  Lloyd  L.  Nevins,  Bloomington,  820th  Aero  Squad.,  Kelly  Field. 
Sergt.  Wayne  Newcomb,  Saybrook,  Co.  M,  139th  Infantry.     Wounded  in 

action,  later  died  of  pneumonia. 

Jesse  E.  Newkirk,  Chenoa,  Co.  A,  330th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Eoscoe  Newkirk,  Carlock,  Co.  G,  83d  Prov.  Eegt.,  A.  E.  F. 
Charles  B.  Nice,  Ellsworth,  Field  Artillery. 
Sergt.  Balph  Nicol,  Covel,  Tank  Corps,  Camp  Polk. 
Alvin  Nichols,  Bloomington,  F.  W.  S. 

Charles  Nichols,  Bloomington,  Officers'  Training  Comp,  Camp  Fremont. 
Claude  Nichols,  Bloomington,   147th  Motor  Supply  Train,  A.  E.  F. 
Earl  Nichols,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  First   Engineers.     Wounded  in  action. 
Harry  H.  Nichols,  Saybrook,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Dodge. 
Sergt.  Henry  H.  Nichols,  Bloomington,  Co.  H,  352nd  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Acre  Nicholson,  Lexington,  Co.  H,   15th  Marines. 
William  Niedermeyer,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Medical  Corps. 
William  C.  Niedermeyer,  Bloomington,  Dental  Corps,  Eegular  Army. 
Frank  C.  Niehous,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery. 
Sergt.  Louis  Nierstheimer,  Bloomington,  Medical  Supply,  Chicago. 
Harmon  A.  Nixon,  Bloomington,  Bat.  C,  149  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Charles  D.  Noble,  McLean,  Medical  Corps. 

Porter  C.  Noble,  Heyworth,  Ambulance  Corps  522,  Cook,  A.  E.  F. 
Emil  Nordine,  Bloomington,  Co.  F,  307th  Motor  Trans.  Corps.,  A.  E.  F. 
Samuel  M.  Normal,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Grover  C.   Norris,  Normal,   Military  Police,   Jefferson   Barracks. 
John  L.  North,  Gridley,  124th  Infantry.     Died  at  Camp  Mills  of  influenza. 
Paul  G.  North,  Gridley,  Infantry,  Limited  Service,  Camp  Grant. 
George  Nowatski,  Normal,  Naval  Aviation  Force,  A.  E.  F. 
William  Nowatski,  Normal,  Field  Artillery. 
Eeginal  Nutt,  Gridley,  Infantry. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 457 

O 

COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Lieut.  J.  Lindley  Oliver,  Leroy,  Co.  A,  54th  Am.  Tr.,  C.  A.  C.,  Fort  Rosen- 

crans,  San  Diego,  Cal,  and  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Lloyd  E.  Orendorff,  Bloomington,  6th  Bat.,  163  Depot  Brigade,  Camp 

Dodge. 
Ensign  Victor  W.  Overton,  Bloomington,  Asst.  Paymaster,  San  Francisco. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Richard  O'Connell,  Bloomington,  Ensign  School,  Municipal  Pier. 

Fred  O'Connor,  Bloomington,  Infantry.     Died  at  Camp  Grant  of  influenza. 

John   J.    O'Connor,   Bloomington,   Naval   Gunner,   Eailway   Battery,  Chief 

Petty  Officer,  A.  E.  F. 

Arthur  Odell,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
R.  E.  O'Donnell,  Bloomington,  Apprentice  Seaman. 
Melvin  Oehler,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
William  J.  Oesch,  Danvers,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Harley  F.   Ogan,  Bloomington,  Infantry,   Military  Police,  Camp  Wheeler. 
Teddy  R.  Ogan,  Bloomington,  Seaman. 
John  O'Handlen,  Coif  ax,  First  Company,  Fort  Du  Pont. 
Corp.  Owen  O'Hara,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

William  J.  O'Harra,  Hudson,  Co.  M,  144th  Infantry,  31st  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Fred  Ohms,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
George   Oldham.   Danvers,   Infantry. 
Ben  Olmstead,   Colfax,   Co.  D,  314th  Ammunition   Tra\n,  89th  Division, 

A.  E.  F. 

Edward  O'Keefe,  Weedman,  41st  Railroad  Tel.  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
Earl  Olds,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Dell  Oleson,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
James  J.  Oliver,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Morton  Oliver,  Bloomington,  Bat.  C,  53d  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
George  Olson,  Shirley,  Co.  F,  121st  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
John  H.  O'Neil,  Medical  Dept.,  Fort  Bayard,  New  Mexico. 
Valbert  B.  O'Neal,  Leroy,  Co.  B,  3d  Infantry,  Lowell,  Ariz. 
Alvin   O'Neil,  Bloomington,   Infantry,   Camp  Grant. 
Sergt.  Donald  F.  O'Neil,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Camp  Meigs. 
Catherine  O'Neill,  Bloomington,  Nurse,  A.  E.  F. 
Roland  O'Neil,  Bloomington,  Railroad  Ship  Regiment. 
William  O'Neil,  Saybrook,  Infantry,  Camp  Hancock. 
L.  E.  Orendorff,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Clarence  E.  Orr,  Bloomington,  R.  R.  1,  Infantry.     Killed  in  action. 
Lee  Orrick,  Bloomiugton,  17th  Casualty  Detachment,  Motor  Mechanics, 

Camp  Grant. 

Donald  A.  Ortman,  Anchor,  Headquarters  Co.  162d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Homer  Osborn,  Cooksville,  68th  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
James  Osborn,  Cooksville,  68th  Coast  Artillery. 
Roy  Osborn,   Danvers,   122d  Infantry,   A.   E.   F. 

Sergt.   Herbert  B.  Osten,  Bloomington,  Co.   B,   18th   Engineers,   A.   E.   F. 
Sergt.  George  W.   Ostrom,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,   18th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Arthur  Oswald,  Bloomington,  U.  S.  Navy. 
P.  J.  Otis,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  110th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Albert  Otto,  Bloomington,  68th  Coast  Artillery. 
Alvin  B.  Otto,  Bloomington,  68th  Coast  Artillery. 
Sergt.  Harocy  Otto,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Irvin  Otto,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Hancock. 


458 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELV    WAR  

Robert   Otto,  Bellflower,  Infantry. 

Steven  Ousley,  Lexington,  Headquarters  Co.,  129th  II.  S.  Guards,  Camp 

Logan. 

Ross  M.  Overton,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Navy. 

Sergt.   Harley  C.   Owen,   Bloomington,   Q.   M.   Corps,  Camp   Meigs,   Wash. 
Corp.  Harry  J.  Owens,  Normal,  Aviation,  A.  E.  F. 
James  Owens,  Bloomington,  Ordnance. 
Russell  Owens,  Leroy,  S.  A.  T.  C. 
Warren  G.  Owens,  Bloomington,  Medical  Dept. 
Norval  Owings,  Kerrick,  Coast  Artillery. 

Lawrence  Oxley,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  Military  Police,  A.  E.  F. 
Otto  Lee  Oxley,  Saybrook,  Co.  C,  6th  Field  Signal  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 


P 
COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Lieut.  Don  Parmalee,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Lieut.  Arthur  Parr,  Cooksville,  90th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Warren  Paxton,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Camp  Taylor. 

Lieut.  John  Pearson,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Washington,  I).  C. 

Lieut.  Millard  J.  Peasley    Bloomington,  Co.  D,  1st  Army,  Military  Police, 

A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  William  A.  Peavier,  Leroy,  Infantry,  Camp  Taylor. 
Lieut.  Fred  W.  Penn,  Bloomington,  Engineer  Corps,  Camp  Meigs. 
Capt.  Wm.   Lloyd  Penniman,  Normal,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Grant. 
Capt.  Abram  Brokaw  Perry,  Bloomington,  Fifth  Marines,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  D.  T.  Petty,  Normal,  Co.  C,  38th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Carl  E.  Phillips,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Fred  Pitcher,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Lieut.  Harold  Plummer,  Bloomington,  5th  Aero  Squadron,  Ellington  Field. 
Commander  Emmett  R.  Pollock,  Bloomington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  E.  M.  Powers,  Leroy,  Aviation,  Payne  Field. 
Capt.  Hugh  Mitchell  Price,  Bloomington.     Died   from   accident,   Newport 

News. 

Capt.  Morris  E.  Pumphrey,  Bloomington,  21st  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Charles  Walter  Pullen,  Bloomington,   116th  Field  Artillery. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Corp.  Carroll  D.  Packard,  Normal,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Edgar  Packard,  Normal,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Work,  A.  E.  F. 

Paul  Packard,  Normal,  Navy. 

Sergt.  William  H.  Paddock,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.    Major    James    L.    Page     (colored)    Bloomington,    370th    Infantry, 

A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Lincoln  Page    (colored),  Bloomington,  8th  Infantry.  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.   Peter   F.    Page,   Bloomington,   313    Field    Signal   Battalion,   Camp 

Dodge. 

William  J.  Pagels,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Norman  Paine,  Bloomington,  307th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Charles  E.  Painter,  Bloomington,  Infantry.     Died  from  wounds  in  France. 
William  Palmer   (colored),  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Charles  Pancake,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  69th  Railroad  Engineers,  A.   E.  F. 

Wounded. 

Corp.  Carl  Parke,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Sheridan. 
Fred  Parker,  Bloomington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAE  459 


Top  Row    (left  to  right) — Charles  E.-  Butler,   Lowell   S.  Burton,   Smith  Bishop. 

Second  Row — Dewey  Burke,  Earl  A.  Benedict,  Harold  Behen,  E.  Harold  Brown,  Walter 

G.    Berg. 

Third  Row — Thomas   P.   Bryant,    Bernard  O.    Brown,    Deane   D.   Buckles. 
Fourth   Row — Louis    P.    Backman,    Howard    O.    Brown,    Rudolph    Byquist    (below)    Lyell 

Berry    (above)    William   H.   Breidenbach,    Benjamin   L.  Beeler. 


460 


Howard  Parker,  Bloomington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 

Jacob  Parker,  Bloomington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 

John  W.  Parker,  Weston,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 

Lonnie  Parker,   Colfax,  35th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

William  Parker,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Archie  Parks,  McLean,  Infantry. 

Clifton  Y.  Parmele,  Colfax,  Artillery,  Fort  Cassel. 

Corp.  Merle  C.  Parmele,  Colfax,  223rd  Field  Battalion,  Signal  Corps,  Camp 

Meade. 
Sergt.  Owen  S.  Parmele,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Finance,  Jacksonville, 

Florida. 

Walter  Parmele,   Colfax,  Infantry. 
Albert  Parr,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Major  Perry  Parr,  Cooksville,  Battery  C,  5th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Ray  Partridge,  Bloomington,  Rock  Island  Arsenal,  Ordnance. 
Samuel  Pass,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 

W.  C.  Passwater,  Heyworth,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Lewis,  Washington. 
Harvey  E.  Patnaude,  Anchor,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Clarence  E.  Patterson,  Bloomington,  Infantry.     Died  at  Camp  Grant  of 

influenza. 

Sergt.  Clarence  F.  Patterson,  Bloomington,  2nd  Co.,  161st  Depot  Brigade. 
Forrest  Patterson,  Leroy,  S.  A.  T.  C. 
J.  T.  Patterson,  370th  Regt.,  A.  E.  F. 
Leland  R.  Pattison,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sergt.    Irving  R.   Pattison,   Bloomington,    Ordnance,   Camp   Hancock,    Ga. 
George  R.  Patton,  Normal,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Geo.  Glenn  Patton,  Normal,  Navy,  Aviation,  A.  E.  F. 
Arryl  S.  Paul,  Bloomington,  Aviation  Section,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Don  Paul,  Lexington,  Electrician,  Camp  Grant. 
James  C.  Paul,  Bloomington,  Motor  Trans.,  A.  E.  F. 
George  L.  Paul,  Bloomington,  Medical  Supply  Dept.,  Camp  Meade. 
J.  C.  Paul,  Bloomington,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Work,  A.  E.  F. 
John  Paul,  Bloomington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Jewel  E.  Paul,  Lexington,  Navy. 
J.  L.  Paul,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Meade. 
Sergt.  Stanley  H.  Paul,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Walter  H.  Paul,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps. 

G.  Noble  Paxton,  Bloomington,  Motor  Mechanic  School,  Kansas  City. 
Elmer  Payne,  Lexington,  M.  G.  S.  C.,  122d  Infantry,  Camp  Wheeler. 
H.  H.  Payne,  Lexington,  Radio  School,  Cambridge. 
B.  D.  Payrn,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Fred   Peak,   Ellsworth,   Infantry. 
Lawrence   Peak,   Ellsworth,  Infantry. 
Chester  A.  Pearson,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
William  Pearson,   Bloomington,  Medical  Corps. 
Donald  D.  Pease,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Elton  Pease,  Bloomington,  32d  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Henry  E.  Pease,  Bloomington,  Headquarters  Co.  121,  Field  Artillery, 

A.  E.  F. 

Robert  Peasley,  Heyworth,  R.  R.  3,  A.  E.  F. 
Arthur  Peavler,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Edward  Peavler,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Herman  Peavler,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Frank  N.  Peck,  Bloomington,  38th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
Henry  Peckman,  Bloomington,  Y.  M.   C.  A.  Work,  Camp  Funston.     Died 

in  camp. 

Sergt.  Wm.  Hubert  Pemberton,  210th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
John  Raymond  Pemberton,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Long  Island. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 461 

E.  B.  Penhallegon,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

James  C.  Penn,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

John  Penn,  Bloomington,  Motor  Transport,  New  Jersey. 

Earl  Pennington,  Infantry. 

Miss  Clara  Penstone,  Normal,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Work,  A.  E.  F. 

Carl  G.  Peplow,  Bloomington,  Co.  M,   124th  Infantry,  A.  E.  P. 

Russell  Perkins,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Elbert  L.  Perry,  Normal,  84th  Co.,  6th  Regt.  Marines.     Wounded 

in  action. 

Elwyn  M.  Perry,  Danvers,  Yeoman,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Roscoe   Perry,   Danvers,   Navy,    Mechanical   Dept. 
Henry  Perschall,  Bloomington,  68th  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Herman  O.  Pershall,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Alfred  S.  Peterson,  Bloomington,  309  Supply  Co.,  Q.  M.  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Bud  Peterson,  Infantry.     Died  of  pneumonia. 
Sergt.  Howard  Peterson,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

H.  M.  Peterson,  Bioomington,  345th  Infantry,  87th  Div.,  Headquarters  Co. 
Frank   Petrashek,   Bellflower,  Infantry. 
Floyd  M.  Pfiffner,  Normal,  Navy,  Greeat  Lakes. 

Sergt.  Leslie  G.  Pfiffner,  Normal,  124th  Machine  Gun  Bat.    Killed  in  action. 
Sergt.  Hugo  Pfitzmyer,  Leroy,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  A.  E.  F. 
Robert  Phelan,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Wm.  G.  Phelps,  Bloomington,  Troop  M,  Fifth  Cavalry. 
Alvin  Phillips,  Colfax,   Infantry,  Fort  Wright. 
Oren  Phillips,   Colfax,  Navy. 
Byron  Phillips,  Infantry. 
E.  J.  Phillips,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Edward  O.   Phillips,   Bloomington,   Hdqtrs.   Co.,   143d   Infantry,   A.   E.  F. 
Corp.  Frank  L.  Phillips,  Bloomington,  Motor  Truck  Co.  543,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Fred  Phillips,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Glenn  Phillips,  Chenoa,  Co.  C,  47th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
George  W.  Phillips,  Bloomington,  168th  Field  Signal  Corps,  Camp  Logan. 
Homer  Phillips,  Ellsworth,  330th  Infantry,  83d  Division,  A.  E.  F. 
Otis  F.  Phillips,  Colfax,  102d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Percy  A.  Phillips,  Leroy,  828th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
George  D.  Phillos,  Co.  I),  2nd  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge. 
Gilbert  Phipps,   Chenoa,   Infantry,  A.   E.   F. 
Elza  N.  Pick,  Chenoa,  Advance  Ordnance  ISlo.   1,  A.  E.  F. 
Nick  A.  Phillos,  6th  Training  Regt.,  Camp  Grant. 
Darwin  Pickering,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

John  D.  Pickering,  Cooksville,  83d  F.  A.,  Camp  Tremont. 
Ralph  Pickett,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Bernard  A.  Pierce,  Bloomington,  Med  Dept.,  314th  Am.  Tr.,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.   Reuben   Pierson,   Bloomington,    161st   Depot   Brigade,   Camp   Grant. 
Roy  A.  Pierson,  Heyworth,  Co.  A,  3d  Infantry,  Fort  Bliss. 
Willard  F.  Pierson,  Bloomington,  Machinist,  Co.  M,  35th  R.  R.  Engineers, 

A.  E.  F.    Died  of  pneumonia  in  France. 
Eddie  Pietsch,  Great  Lakes,  Navy. 

Joseph  J.  Pietsch,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Corps,  New  York. 
Mortie  Pifer,  Bloomington,  Bat.  D,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Thomas  Pike,  Arrowsmith,  124th  Infantry,  Camp  Wheeler. 
Wallace  A.  Pingrey,  Bloomington,  Engineering  Corps. 
Robert  Pinkerton,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Alfred  Pinneo,  Bloomington,  Bat.   F,   68th   Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.   F. 
Clarence  E.  Piper,  Normal,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Lewis  H.  Pinkey,  Lexington,  Co.  C,  158th  Infantry,  40th  Division. 
Joseph  J.  Pitsch,  Bloomington,  Co.  342,  Motor  Trans.  Corps. 
William  H.  Pleanitz,  Bloomington,   Aviation,  Mechanic. 


462 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

Albert  Pleines,  Stanford,   Camp  MacArthur,  Co.  A,  4th  Bat. 

Fred  Pleines,  Stanford,  Co.  G,  326th  Inf.,  82d  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

Walter  Pleines,  Stanford,  9th   Keg.,   Great  Lakes. 

Harold   Ploense,   Bloomington,   Navy. 

Lawrence  L.  Ploense,  Bloomington,  Mechanical  Draftsman,  34th  Eng.,  Camp 

Grant. 
Martin  H.  Ploense,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Headquarters  Co.,  106  Am.  Tr., 

A.  E.  F. 

Rudolph  Ploense,  Bloomington,  Machinist. 

Walter  L.  Ploense,  Bloomington,  Bat.  F,  4  Bat.,  52d  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Walter  R.  Ploense,  Arrowsmith,  8th  Co.  C.  A.  C.,  at  Fort  Randolph,  Canal 

Zone. 

Edward  Ploussard,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Scott  Pointer,  Normal,  Machine  Gun  B't'n,  33rd  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Edward  Polen,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Harry  E.  Poling,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Wm.  Clarence  Poling,  Bloomington,  39th  Infantry,  4th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Thurman    Pollitt,   Bloomington,    Infantry.      Died   in   France   of   influenza. 
Charles  H.  Poll,  Bloomington,  Co.  E,  107th  Infantry. 
Roy  Pollock,  Stanford,  Marines,  Porto  Rico. 

Paul  V.  Poole,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  124th  M.  G.  Bat.,  33rd  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Cecil  A.  Popejoy,  Bloomington,  Musician,  Great  Lakes. 
Charles  A.  Popejoy,  Cropsey,  Electrician,  Camp  Grant. 
Gilbert  Popejoy,  Navy,  U.  S.  S.  Boggs. 

P.  H.  Popejoy,  Bloomington,  Wagoner,  4th  Motor  Truck  Co.,  A.  E.  F. 
Carl  Porter,  Bloomington,  Tank  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Clayton  Porter,  Bloomington,  Navy,   Wireless  Operator,  A.  E.  F. 
Earl  Potts,  Bloomington,  Saddler,  Co.  B,  124th  Machine  Gun  Btn.,  33rd  Div., 

A.  E.  F.     Wounded. 
Sergt.  Frank  Potts,  Bloomington,  116th  Trench  Mortar  Battery,  41st  Div., 

A.  E.  F. 

Marion  I.  Potts,  Infantry. 
Lee  Powell,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Logan  D.  Powell,  Heyworth,  Electrician,  Camp  Lewis,  Washington. 
Lyle  Cameron  Powell,  S.  A.  T.  C.,  Champaign. 

L.  Parke  Powell,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Co.  E,  345th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Robert  E.  Powell,  Bloomington,  Co.  L,  102d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Emory  H.   Powers,  Bloomington,  Aviation. 
F.  S.  Powers,  Bloomington.  Navy. 
Leslie  Powers,  Heyworth,  infantry. 

Scott  F.  Poynter,  Normal,  Hdqrs.  Co.,  124tli  M.  G.  Bat.,  33rd  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Leonard  O.  Prather,  Bloomington,  Co.  I,  13th  Marines. 
A.  Lawrence  Pray,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Lorin  Pray,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Martin   J.   Pree,   Saybrook,   Co.   D,   43d   Infantry,   Camp   Del   Rio,   Texas. 
Walter  B.   Prenzler,  Bloomington,  Clerical,  Camp  Grant. 
Frank  Prescher,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Mills. 
Harry  J.  Prescott,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Chester  Price,  Downs,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Ivy  Price,  Downs,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Jacob  L.  Price,  Bloomington,  Cook,  Q.  M.  Dept. 
Reuben  N.  Price,  Kerrick,  Canadian  Army,  First  Ontario  Infantry. 
Mark  Price,  Bloomington,  1st  Depot  Btn.,  Camp  Borden,  Canada. 
Ad.lai  Prince,  Stanford,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.   Major  Edward   P.   Prince,   Bloomington,   109th   Hdqtrs.   Tr.,   Camp 

Cody. 

Glenn  B.  Pringey,  Bloomington,  389th  Motor  Truck  Co.,  Fort  Clark.  Texas. 
Wallace  A.  Pringey,  Bloomington,  Wagoner,  7th  Engineers '  Train,  A.  E.  F. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOBLD    WAE 463 

Arthur  Printt,  Lexington,  Squadron  A,  Aviation,  Langley  Field. 

Ervin  M.  Printz,  Lexington,  619th  Co.,  Unit  K,  Navy,  Sea  Duty. 

Leland  D.  Printz,  Lexington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 

William  Prochnow,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 

Clem  Proctor,  Bloomington,  Medical  Supply  No.  2,  A.  E.  F. 

Lyle   F.    Proffitt,    Saybrook,    Sanitary    Train    108th    Ambulance,    Co.    131, 

A.  E.  F. 

Harold  E.  Protzman,  Bloomington,  106th  Sanitary  Train,  A.  E.  F. 
Koland  Protzman,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Sea  Service. 
Jesse  P.  Provines,  Bloomington,  E.  B.  3,  Infantry. 
Emory  Pryor,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Ollie  Pryor,  Danvers,  Infantry,  Camp  Kearney. 
Edward  Puffpaff,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
John  H.  Pumphrey,  Towanda,  Infantry. 

Harry  W.  Punke,  Gridley,  Co.  B,  130th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
John  E.  Purcel,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Harry  J.  Purdy,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  Infantry,  El  Paso,  Texas. 
Henry  Purschell,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Parker  E.  Pusey,  Bloomington,  Electrical  Engineer,  57th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Jesse  Provines,  Bellflower,  Infantry. 


None. 


ENLISTED  MEN 


Corp.  Bernard  Quarnstrom,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 

Herbert  H.  Quanstrom,  Bloomington,  Signal  Corps,  Camp  Dodge.     Died  of 

pneumonia. 

Bine.  B.  Quensnel,  Bat.  341  F.  A.,  39th  Div.,  Bugler,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Emery  B.  Quinn,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  124th  M.  G.  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
John  F.  Quinn,  Bloomington,  121st  Machine  Gun,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Matthew  Quinn,  Bloomington,  337th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Hobart  Quinton,  Heyworth,  Aviation,  Lake  Charles,  La. 
William  H.  Quinton,  Heyworth,  Aviation,  Gerstner  Field,  La. 


COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Capt.  Daniel  D.  Eaber,  Normal,  Medical  Corps. 

Lieut.  Allan  B.  Eayburn,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Love  Field. 

Capt.  Howard  Bead,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Chanute  Field. 

Lieut.  Eoland    Bead,     Bloomington,     Motor     Transport,     Sanitary    Dept., 

A.  E.  F.,  Serbia. 

Lieut.  William  G.  Bead,  Bloomington,  Ordnance  Dept.,  Camp  Beauregard. 
Lieut.  Ben  S.  Bhodes,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp   Pike. 
Lieut.  Clyde  Bichards,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Harry  Biddle,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Dick  Field. 
Lieut.  Eoland  Bike,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Lieut.  John  D.  Bing,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Lieut.  Lathrop  E.  Boberts,  Bloomington,  Chemical  Warfare,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Lee  C.  Bobinson,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Miami,  Fla. 


464  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    TEE    WORLD    WAR 

Maj.  A.  E.  Eogers,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Otto  Both,  Stanford,  2oth  Machine  Gun  Battalion,  9th  Division, 

Camp  Sheridan. 

Lieut.  George  Stewart  Boss,  O.  R.  C.,  Infantry. 

Lieut.  Eugene  Bowley,  Holder,  Infantry.     Suicided  on  Governor's  Island. 
Lieut.  William  Bowley,  Normal,  Aviation,  Fort  Worth,  Texas. 
Lieut.  Don  Russell,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Carruthers  Field. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Gustave  F.  Baatz,  Bloomington,  35th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

William  Baatz,  Bloomington,  41  Field  Hospital,  A.  E.  F. 

Fred  S.  Babe,  Lexington,  Infantry,  Camp  Mills. 

Sergt.   Louis   F.   Badbourn,   Bloomington,   Co.   C,    30th   Bat.   Tank   Corps, 

Camp  Holt. 

Carl  J.  Badcliff,  Danvers,  Co.  C,  21st  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  Camp  Merritt. 
Edwin  J.  Badcliff,  Danvers,  Ordnance  Dept.,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Joseph  Edward  Bad-ley,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Edward  Rainey,  Normal,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  H.  Rainier,  Lexington,  313th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Charles  D.  Raisbeek,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps. 
G.   E.  Rainsberger,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
William  Ralph,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge. 
Boy  Balston,  Lexington,  Navy,  Co.  K,  Camp  Simms. 
Harold  T.  Bamage,  Bloomington,  Musician,  Navy,  Base  27. 
Sergt.  B.  A.  Bamseyer,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Hancock. 
Fred   H.   Bandel,   Bellflower,  Infantry. 
Leslie  Randall,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  San  Antonio. 
Corp.  Robert  Raney,  Gridley,  3rd  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  1st  Div. 
Leslie  Rankin,  Normal,  Co.  B,  124th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F.    Wounded 

in  action. 

Glenn  Ranney,  Arrowsmith,  Naval  Aviation,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Joseph  F.  Ranney,  Normal,  Co.  B,  124th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
Henry  V.   Ransom,   Danvers,   Aviation. 
Walter  E.  Rapp,  Gridley,  Co.  M,  150th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Ralph  O.  Ray,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Mexican  Border  Duty,  U.  S.  G. 
Edward  V.   Rayeraft,   Bloomington,   Ensign   School,   Municipal   Pier. 
John  Razor,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Herbert  J.  Bebman,  Bloomington,  68th  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
John  William  Bebman,  Bloomington,  Cook,  Transportation  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Joseph  E.  Bebman,  Bloomington,  Machinist,  189th  U.  S.  S.  C. 
Walter  Bebman,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Curtis  Bebtyer,  Shirley,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Cyrus  W.  Beddick,  Saybrook,  Artillery,  Fort  Healy. 
Glenn  S.  Beddick,  Arrowsmith,  Bat.  B,  42d  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Herbert  C.  Bediger,  Bloomington,  Bugler,  124th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 

Wounded. 

John  D.  Bediger,  Meadows,  Co.  A,  39th  Infantry.    Wounded. 
Joseph  Rediger,  Bloomington,   Truck  Co.   14,  Camp  Hancock. 
Fred  G.  Reed,  Weston,  Co.  H,  353d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Louis  P.  Reed,  Bloomington,  Medical,  Camp  Kearney. 
Louis  T.  Reed,  Lexington,  Navy. 
Loren  J.  Reeder,  Bloomington,   3rd  Infantry. 

Sergt.   Samuel  Reeder,  Bloomington,  Mechanic,  Aviation,  Guerstner  Fielu. 
Ernest  L.  Bees,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Joseph  Beeves,  Gridley,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Louis  E.  Reid,  12th  Co.,  8th  Begt.,  M.  M.  A.  S.,  A.  E.  F. 
Michael  J.  Reidy,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 465 

George  Beig,  Ellsworth,  Infantry,  Camp  Merritt. 

William  Beilley,  Normal,  Infantry. 

William  D.  Eeiner,  Bloomington,  Camp  Devens,  Infantry. 

John  Eeinhart,  Calfax,  Infantry. 

Everett  L.  Eeisen,  Bloomington,  Aviation. 

W.  S.  Eenfro,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Herman  Beprest,  Colfax,  Bat.  F,  68th  Eegt.,  Camp  Wright. 

Charles  A.  Eeum,  Bloomington,  Wagoner,  Co.  G,  4th  Am.  Train,  A.  E.  F. 

Bobert  A.  Eeum,  Bloomington,  Co.  E,  8th  Infantry,  Casual,  Brest,  France. 

Herman  Eexroat,  Bellflower,  Bat.  F,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  William  S.  Eexroat,   Bloomington,  Air   Service,  A.   E.   F. 

Walter  M.  Eexroat,  Bloomington,  219th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Edmund   Eeynolds,  Bloomington,   Field  Artillery. 

Elzy  Keynolds,  Colfax,  Infantry,   Fort  Wright. 

Harley   Beynolds,   Bloomington,   133d   Field   Signal   Bat.,   A.   E.   F. 

Herman  Eeynolds,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Pearl  T.   Eeynolds,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Powell  E.  Eeynolds,  Bloomington,  Aviation  Mechanic,  Columbus. 

Howard  Khea,  Bloomington,  Eadio,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Victor  L.  Ehinehart,  Hudson,  U.  S.  Marine  Corps,  Paris  Island,  S.  C. 

Howard  C.  Ehodus,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Wheeler. 

Eussell  D.  Ehodus,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Silas  H.  Eich,  Gridley,  Co.  A,   116th  Engineers,  Camp  Forest,  Gas,  and 

105th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Bert  Eichards,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Wheeler. 
Dewey  Eichards,  Bloomington,  Military  Police,  A.  E.  F. 
Lee  Eichards,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Ola  D.  Eichards,  Bellflower,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Wayne  Eichards,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Leo  Biehardson,  Danvers,  Artillery. 

Norton   Eichardson,   Ellsworth,   Ensign  School,  New   York   City. 
Eay  Eicker,   Chenoa,  Navy. 
Eoscoe  Eichardson,  Bloomington,  Ordnance. 

Paul  Eichter,  Bloomington,  Bat.  F,  68th  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Garth  T.  Eiddle,  Bloomington,  S.  A.  T.  C.,  Camp  Wesleyan. 
Homer  Eiddle,  Heyworth,  Co.  7,  Coast  Artillery,  Panama. 
Prof.  D.  C.  Eidgely,  Normal,  Instructor,  A.  E.  F. 
William  David  Eidgway,  Colfax,  Co.  C,  51st  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Frank  Biebe/ Ellsworth,  Infantry. 
Benjamin  Biebe,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Arnold  Bieger,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  McArthur. 
E.  G.  Bieger,  Bloomington,  212th  Co.,  Prisoner  of  War  Escort,  A.  E.  F. 
Albert  Biggs,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Corp.  Ben  Biggs,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Estle  E.  Eigney,  Leroy,  Co.  A,  5th  Limited  Service  Eegiment,  Camp  Grant. 
Charles  V.  Biley,  Normal,  Co.  B,  124th  M.  G.  Bat.,  33rd  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Virgil  Biley,  Normal,  Co.  B,  124th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  W.  L.  Biley,  Bloomington,  32d  Eailway  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
William  E.  Einehart,  Gridley,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.   Major  Emmett  Eingenberg,   Gridley,  Infantry,  A.  E.   F. 
Corp.  Bert  L.  Biseling,  Bloomington,  E.  B.,  33rd  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
Cecil  W.  Biseling,  Bloomington  E.  E.  No.  5,  152d  Aero  Squadron. 
Everett  L.  Eisen,  McLean,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Corp.  Howard  Eitchie,  Saybrook,  Infantry,  Camp  Taylor. 
Lloyd    Eitchie,    Stanford,    329th    Field    Hospital,    308th    Sanitary    Train, 

A.  E.  F. 

William  Bitter,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Otto  G.  Bittmiller,  Bloomington,  Navy. 


466 McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 

Walter  Rittmiller,  Bloomington,   Limited   Service,  Jefferson  Barracks. 

Kex   Roach,   Saybrook,  Infantry. 

William  E.   Roach,  Normal,  Co.  E,  31st  Engineers,  A.   E.  F. 

Frank  L.  Roads,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Charles  E.  Robbins,  Lexington,  Co.  I,  45th  Infantry,  Camp  Sherman. 

Brockway  Roberts,  Bloomington,  Canadian  Army. 

Holland  D.  Roberts,  Danvers,  Medical  Corps,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Owen  A.  Roberts,  Normal,  Wagoner,  108th  Am.  Tr.,  A.  E.  F. 

Bryon  Roberts,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Meade. 

R.  V.  Roberts,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

•Sergt.  R.  J.  Robertson,  Arsenal  Ordnance  Dept.,  San  Antonio,  Texas. 

Sergt.  Jesse  Robison,  Danvers,  Co.  G,  345th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Marshall   Robison,   Danvers,   Aviation. 

Travis  Robison,  Danvers,  Aviation. 

Bernie  J.  Robinson,   (colored),  Co.  D,  366th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Paul  C.  Robinson,  Hudson,  Co.  F,  Signal  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Richard  J.  Robinson,  Normal,  Co.  D,  42d  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Thomas  J.  Robinson,  Normal,  Co.  A,  U.  S.  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Vernon  J.  Robinson,   Bloomington,   336th  Infantry,  A.   E.  F. 

Corp.  William  Robinson,  Arrowsmith,  Co.  B,  312th  Supply  Train,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Frank  J.  Robitske,  Bloomington,  Mechanic,  Co.  503,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

W.  A.  Rockhold,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge. 

Harry  Rockwell,  Danvers,  Co.  D,  315th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Henry  Rockwell,  Danvers,  Motor  Transport  Corps,  Fort  Benjamin 

Harrison. 
Sergt.    Maurice   Rockwell,   Bloomington,   Machine   Gun   Instruction,   Camp 

Hancock. 

Corp.  Maurice  Rockwell,  Danvers,  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge. 
Roscoe  Rockwood,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
John  M.  Rodd,  Bloomington,  Infantry.     Died  of  wounds. 
Chester  R.  Rodgers,  Shirley,  Infantry,  Camp  Travis. 
Joe  Rodgers,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Howard  Newton  Rodman,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps.     Died  at  Camp  Dix 

of  influenza. 

J.  Monroe  Rodman,  Bloomington,  644th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
Edward  P.  Roe,  Bloomington,   Ordnance,  Camp  Dodge. 
Harold  J.  Roe,  Colfax,  Infantry. 
Roland  P.  Roe,  Colfax,  Infantry,  Camp  Nicholas. 

Lee  J.  Roebuck,  Blocmintgon,  Canadian  Army.     Killed  by  aero  accident. 
Henry  Roesch,  Colfax,  Infantry,  Camp  Bowie. 
Byron  Rogers,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Meade. 
Corp.  Clarence  H.  Rohlfling,  Bellflower,  Infantry.     Wounded  in  action. 
Paul  DeLoss  Rollins,  Normal,  S.  A.  T.  C.,  Wesleyan. 
Hugh  Rolofson,Bloomington,  Infantry,  Richfield,  Texas. 
Lyle   Rolofson,   Bloomington,   Infantry,   Camp   Sheridan. 
E.  J.  Roy,  Lexington,  Aviation,  A.  E.  F. 
Harry  Roy,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

George  Ropp,  Gridley,  Co.  M,  329th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Ben  Rose,  Colfax,  Co.  C,  339th  Machine  Gun  Battalion,  Camp  Dodge. 
Ralph  R.  Rose,  Bloomington,   Infantry. 

Sol  Rosenberg,  Bloomington,  Co.  M,  23d  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Earl  Rosenberry,  Gridley,  Infantry,  Fort  Riley. 
Frank  Rosenbluth,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Lee  Rosenbluth,  Bloomington,  Hospital  Unit,  A.  E.  F. 
Alfred  Ross,  Bloomington,  Seaman,  Great  Lakes.     Died  of  influenza. 
Charlotte  R.  Ross,  McLean,  Red  Cross  Nurse,  A.  E.  F. 
Arthur  J.  Ross,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Bert  L.  Ross,  Bloomington,  37th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    TEE    WOELD    WAE 


467 


468  McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

Orville  H.  Boss,  Bloomington,  106th  Am.  Tr.,  A.  E.  F. 

Robert  Boss,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Talmadge  Boss,  Bloomington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 

Theodore  Boss,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Arthur  E.   Bosschinsky,  Bloomington,  Electrician,  Jefferson  Barracks. 

Benedict  J.  Both,  Chenoa,  Medical  Dept.,  79th  Field  Artillery.     Died  of 

pneumonia  in  France. 

Floyd  Both,  Bloomington,  Aviation  Machinist. 
Fred  C.  Both,  Stanford,  Marines,  A.  E.  F. 
H.  G.  Bothermel,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Floyd  Bothwell,  Hudson,  Infantry. 
Elbert  Bousey,  McLean,  Infantry,  Camp  Upton. 
J.  H.  Bouth,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

John  Bowan,  Bloomington,  64th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Gassed  in  action. 
George    D.    Bowan,    Bloomington,    13th    Battery    Anti-aircraft    Artillery, 

A.  E.  F. 

Boy  Bowley,  Normal,  Infantry. 
Jesse  Buble,  Coast  Artillery. 

Bev.  W.  Eudd,  Cooksville,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Work,  A.  E.  F. 
Balph  Budiger,  Bloomington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Clayton  Bulon,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

William  J.  Bunger,  Shirley,  Co.  F,  349th  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge. 
Lawrence  Bush,  Normal,  Signal  Corps. 
Harry  Busmisell,  Stanford,  Co.  E,   106th  Engineers.     Died  in  France  of 

pneumonia. 

Belmont  Bussell,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Don  Eussell,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Kelly  Field. 

Harold  Bussell,  Bloomington,  Badio  School,  F.  A.,  Camp  Taylor,  Ky. 
Sergt.  Howard  Bussell,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Meigs. 
Loren  Eussell,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery.  " 
Louis  B.  Bussell,  Carlock,  81  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Chief  Q.  M.  Lawrence  Bust,  Bloomington,  Naval  Aviation. 
David  Butledge,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Sergt.>  Wesley  Buyle,   Normal,   Co.    F,   331st    Infantry.     Killed   in   action. 
Frank  Eyan,  Bloomington,   1st  Class  Machinist,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Harry  Byan,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Marines. 
James  Byan,  Bloomington,  Badio,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Mervin  Byan,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Philadelphia. 
Balph  Eyan,  Bloomingtou,  Infantry,  128th  Begiment,  A.  E.  F. 
William  Eyan,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

8 

COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Major  Alonzo  Lee  Sargent,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Capt.  Harry  Saddler,  Bloomington,  Co.  M,  388th  Infantry,  A.   E.  F. 
Lieut.  Thomas   Sammon,  Bloomington,   Machine   Gun  Co.,  Camp  Hancock. 
Capt.  Charles  B.   Sanderson,   Bloomington,  Medical   Corps,  Georgia. 
Lieut.  Geo.  Wells  Sargent,  Bloomington,  Dental  Co.  No.  1,  Camp  Greenleaf. 
Capt.  Frank  E.  Sayer,  Normal,  Medical  Corps,  Great  Lakes. 
Lieut.  Henry  Schneider,  Normal,  Q.  M.  Corps,  Camp  Dodge. 
Major  B.  W.   Schroeder,  Bloomington,   Aviation,   McCook  Field. 
Lieut.  W.  B.  Scurlock,  Colfax,  Machine  Gun,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Eugene  Schrook,  Bloomington,  57th  Infantry,  Moonshine  Hill,  Texas. 
Lieut.  Boscoe  Schuirman,  Chenoa,  Navy,  Admiral's  Aide  Submarine  Com- 
mander. 
Col.  Walter  Dill  Scott,  Cooksville,  Psychologist,  A.  E.  F. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 469 

Lieut.  J.  L.  Scotton,  Anchor,  Infantry,  Camp  Raritan,  N.  J. 

Lieut.  Byron  E.  Shirley,  Bloomington,  Instructor  in  Cavalry,  14th  Eegt., 

A.  E.  F. 
Capt.  Charles  E.  Shultz,  Shirley,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Greenleaf  and  Camp 

Taylor,  Assigned  to  Artillery. 

Capt.  Guy  W.  Skinner,  Hudson,  340th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Dudley  C.  Smith,  Normal,  Depot  Brigade,  10th  Inf.,  Camp  Custer. 
Lieut.  Joseph  Smith,  Infantry,  Reserve  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  William  F.   Smith,   Bloomington,   Infantry,   Fort   Oglethorpe. 
Capt.  Horace  Soper,  Bloomington,  Ordnance  Dept.,  A.  E.  F. 
Major  Willard  Soper,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Major  J.  C.  Springstead,  Saybrook,  Q.  M.  Corps,  Camp  Meade. 
Capt.  A.  M.   Spurgin,  Bloomington,  Dental  Corps,  Camp  McArthur. 
Lieut.  William  Spurgin,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Langley  Field. 
Ensign  Glen  Stables,  Lexington,  Harvard  Radio. 

Lieut.  Verne  G.  Staten,  Bloomington,  34th  Infantry,  1st  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Willis  Stearles  (colored),  Bloomington,  8th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Frank  H.  Sterling,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Motor  Transport, 

Camp  Meigs. 

Lieut.  Ansel  F.  Stubblefield,  McLean,  Motor  Truck  Transportation,  A.E.F. 
Lieut.  Charles  P.  Sullivan,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps. 
Lieut.  Walter  N.   Sutherland,  Bloomington,  49th  Infantry,  A.  E.   F. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Otto  Sablotzski,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Base  Hos.,  Camp  Oteen,  N.  C. 

Sergt.  Harlan  W.  Sachs,  Towanda,  Med  Detach.,  Inf.,  89th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

Paul  A.  Sackett,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  352d  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge. 

H.  D.  Saddler,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Edmond  Sage,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  142d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Willis  Sage,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Merritt. 

Grant  Sallade,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  48th  Infantry,  Camp  Sevier. 

James  J.  Salmon,  Bloomington,  34th  Engineers. 

Maurice  J.  Salmon,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Otto  M.  Salmon,  Bloomington,  Engineering,  Camp  Dix. 

Harley   Saltzman,   Carlock,    164th   Ambulance   Train.     Died   from   wounds. 

Prank  L.  Salzman,  Carlock,  Infantry.     Wounded  in  action. 

Delmas  H.  Sample,  Normal,  Second  Class  Yeoman,  Navy. 

James  J.  Sammon,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Dix. 

Jay  Sammon,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Fla. 

Maurice  A.  Sammon,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Thomas   Sammon,  Bloomington,  Medical  Department. 

William  Sammon,  Bloomington,  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Carlos  L.  Sampson,  Randolph,  Infantry. 

Charles  Sampson,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Corp.  Mack  Samuels,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  809th  Pioneer  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Roy  Sanborn,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Harold  Sandall,  Bloomington,  84th  Co.,  6th  Regiment,  Marines,  A.  E.   F. 

Malcolm  Sanders,  Stanford,  Infantry. 

Paul  H.  Sanderson,  Bloomington,  6th  Mnrines,  83rd  Co.,  A.  E.  F.    Wounded. 

J.  Nat  Sands,  Ensign  School,  Municipal  Pier,  Chicago. 

Carl  Sandstrom,  Bloomington,   215th  M.   P.  Co.,   77th  Div.,   A.   E.   F. 

Corp.  Robert  S.  Sanford,  Normal,  139th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F.     Meuse, 

Argonne. 

James  E.  Sappington,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Edward  O.  Sargent,  Leroy,  Aviation. 
Fordyce  Sargent,  Leroy,  Aviation. 


470 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WO  ELD    WAR 

Corp.  Lee  Sargent,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  19th  Bat.  U.  S.  Guards,  Beaumont, 

Texas. 

Sergt.  L.  H.  Sarver,  Chenoa,  5th  Field  Artillery,  Camp  Jackson,  S.  C. 
Earl  Saunders,  Bloomington,  Ship  Yards,  Hog  Island. 
H.  E.  Saunder,  Bloomington,  Clerical,  Ship  Yards,  Philadelphia. 
George  Sauter,  Gridley,  Co.  E,  4th  U.  S.  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.    Germany. 
Archie  Sayers,  Bloomington,  Headquarters  Co.,  325th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
C.  N.  Sayers,  Bloomington,  Ensign  School,  Municipal  Pier. 
Chester  J.  Scanlan,  Bloomington,  U.  S.  M.  B.  F. 
Taylor  N.  Scarberry,  Normal,  Co.  I,  50th  Infantry,  Camp  Meigs. 
Archie  N.  Schaefer,  Normal,  War  Work,  Washington,  D.  C. 
August  A.  Sehaefer,  Normal,  Camp  Bradley. 
Eoland  A.  Schaefer,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Albert  E.  Schalla,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Albert  Scharf,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  305th  Infantry,  77th  Div.,  A.  E.F. 
Lee  H.  Schertz,  Hudson,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Carolyn  Mabel  Schertz,  Bloomington,  Nurse,  Hosp.  Unit  W,  England. 
Louis  Schertz,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

August  D.  Schewe,  Bloomington,  67th  Balloon  Co.,  Air  Service,  Camp  Wise. 
Samuel  E.  Schliff,  Gridley,  Auxiliary  Eemount  Depot,  Q.  M.  Corps,  Centaur, 

Georgia. 

Hobert  Schifflet,  Leroy,  Infantry,  and  Medical  Corps,  New  Haven,  Conn. 
Harry  J.   Schleetcr,  Colfax,  Infantry. 
Merle  Schlosser,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  J.  J.  Schlott;  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  64th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Chris  M.  Schmidt,  Bloomington,  Plumber. 
Henry  Schmidt,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
John  A.  Schmidt,  Anchor,  Bat.  E,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Bernhart  Schneider,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  108th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
John  F.  Schneider,  Weston,  Co.  A,  49th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
John  H.  Schneider,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Fred    Schnitker,   Stanford,   Infantry. 
Sergt.  Boy  Schofield,  Heyworth,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Fred  Scholl,  Colfax,  12th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
Henry  T.  Scholl,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Earl  Schoppe,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Gus  Schott,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge. 
Eugene  Schreiber,  Bloomington,  Eadio. 

Gustave  Schreiber,  Shirley,  Co.  B,  34th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
August  C.  Schroeder,  Bloomington,  12th  Bat.,  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Fred  C.  Schroeder,  Chenoa,  Machine  Gun,  132d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Fred  Schroeder,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Harry  H.  Schroeder,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Herbert    Schroeder,    Bloomington,    Ship    Yards.      Died    of    pneumonia    at 

Baltimore. 

Eobert   Schroeder,  Bloomington,   Co.  A,  4th  Infantry,  A.  E.   F. 
George  Schuler,  Colfax,  102d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Howard  Schuler,  Bloomington,  Bat.  A,  21st  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Albert  Schultz,  Bloomington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 

Joseph  A.  Schultz,  Bloomington,  Medical  Detachment  35th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Louis  W.  Schultz,  Bloomington,  137th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Andrew  Schulz,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Del  Eio,  Texas. 
Miss  Alliene  Schureman,  Saybrook,  Army  Nurse,  Camp  Taylor. 
Miss   Mabel   Schureman,   Saybrook,   Army  Nurse,   Camp   Taylor. 
A.  Schureman,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Charles  A.  Schureman,  Saybrook,  Bat.  D,  37th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Serjrt.  Arthur  E.  Schwab,  Bloomington,  Camp  Supply  Dept.,  Camp  Eustis. 
Walford  A.  Schwab,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes  Hospital  School. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 471 

Charles  Schwader,  Bloomington,  Infantry.     Died  in  France  from  wounds. 

Harry  Schwager,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

E.  A.  Schwartz,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

John  A.  Schwartz,  Brokaw,  330th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

William  Schwindler,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sampel  Schwartz,  Bloomington,  Co.  K,  34th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

W.  J.  Schwartz,  Bloomington,  Signal  Corps,  Camp  Meade,  Md. 

Clarence  Emil  S.cott,  Ellsworth,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Gerald  Scott,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Sergt.  Harley  H.  Scott,  Leroy,  Co.  H,  345th  Infantry,  Camp  Dix. 

Homer  M.  Scott,  Cooksville,  Bat.  D,  66th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Orval  Scott,  Leroy,  43d  Infantry,  Camp  MeArthur. 

Corp.  Ralph  Scott,  Saybrook,  Q.  M.  Corps. 

Raymond  G.  Scott,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Shirley  C.  Scott,  Colfax,  Ambulance  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

William  L.  Scott,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Leo  Scrogin,  Lexington,  162d  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Lewis. 

James  Scurlock,  Lexington,   152d   Infantry,   Camp   Shelby. 

Irba  A.  Scale,  Lexington,  129th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Glenn  Sears.  Bloomington,  Navy,  Hampton  Roads. 

James  H.  Sears,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  124th  M.  G.  Btn.,  33rd  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Louis  C.   Sears,   Bloomington,  Co.   B,   124th  M.  G.   Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 

Wounded  in  action. 
Gordon  Sebastian,  Danvers,  Navy. 
Lyle  Sebastian,  Danvers,  Navy. 
Leonard  L.  Sebastian,  Bloomington,  Hospital  Corps. 
Edgar  Mason  See,  Leroy,  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
J.  E.  Seeflute,  Bloomington,  23d  Co.,  60th  Training  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Carl  W.  Seeger,  Holder,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Camp  Pike. 
Walter  C.  Seeger,  Bloomington,  Co.  M,  326th  Infantry.    Died  from  wounds. 
Elbert  Sefton,  Danvers,  Infantry. 
Ray  Seffer,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Ralph  Seibert,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Wheeler. 
Otto  Seidel,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Wheeler. 
Elmer  Seifert,  Anchor,  Infantry,  Camp   Forrest. 

Edmund  M.  Seiser,  Bloomington,  R.  R.  Co.  C,  131st  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Fred  Seldt,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.    William    C.    Sellers,    Bloomington,    Co.    B,    809    Pioneer    Infantry, 

A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Ferdinand  Senseney,  Bloomington,  Artillery,  Camp  Eustis. 
Harry  J.  Severns,  17th  U.  S.  Cavalryman  Troop  I. 
Lester  R.  Seymour,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps. 
Ira  D.  Shade,  Bloomington,  Coast  Dept.,  Navy,  Akron,  Ohio. 
David  J.  Shadid,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Camp  Wheeler,  Ga. 
George  Shaffer,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 
Thomas   Shanahan,   Bloomington,   Aviation. 
Francis  Shannon,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Lawrence  Shannon,  Bloomington,  Officers'  Training  Camp,  Fort  Riley. 
C.  Raymond  Shannon,  Bloomington,  108th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Earl  Shaw, 

Charles  Shearer,  Bloomington,  4th  U.  S.  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
William  M.  Shepherd,  Stanford,  Navy. 
Leo  P.  Sherburne,  Bloomington,  Railroad  Regiment,  A.  E.  F.     Killed  in 

action. 

Charles  Sheridan,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Mary  Sheridan,  Bloomington,  Nurse,  Base  Hospital  77,  A.  E.  F. 
John  Sheridan,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 
Emery  L.   Sherman,   Carlock,   Artillery. 


472  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

Phillip    Shermer,   Bloomington,   Field   Artillery,   Camp   Jackson. 

Leland   Sherrill,   Bloomington,   Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 

Frank  Shields,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Wheeler. 

Sergt.  Major  Henry  Shields,  Normal,  677th  Aero  Squadron,  Morrison,  Va. 

Corp.  Tilgham  Shields,  Normal,  Fortress  Monroe. 

Hobart  Shifflet,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Bay  Shifflet,  Leroy,  138th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Lloyd  Shoemaker,  Carlock,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Clayton  B.  Sholty,  Bloomington,  Aviation.     Died  at  Jefferson  Barracks  of 

pneumonia. 

Millard  F.  Shopman,  McLean,  Artillery. 
Howard  V.  Short,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Hattiesburg,  Miss. 
Justin  Short,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Frazier  Shorthose,  Danvers,  Co.  5,  160th  Depot  Brigade,  Camp  Ouster. 
Park  F.  Shorthose,  Covel,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
William  Shorthose,  Danvers,  Infantry. 

Lewis  Shotwell,  Lexington,  Co.   I,  4th   Infantry,  Camp   Sevier. 
Raymond  J.  Shotwell,  Normal,  Medical  Corps,  Navy,  Norfolk,  Va. 
Clayton  Shotty,  Stanford,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Fred  Shoup,  Bloomington,  Co.  G,  349th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.   Joseph   W.   Shoup,    Towanda,   Machine   Gun   Co.,   331st   Infantry, 

A.  E.  F. 

E.  G.  Shrock,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Sergt.  Leon  M.  Shugart,  Chenoa,  129th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Robert  Z.  Shugart,  Chenoa,  Camp  Gordon,  Officers'  Training. 
Eobert  E.  Shull,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps. 
Ralph  J.  Siebert,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Wheeler. 
L.  C.  Sieberns,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Oscar  W.  Sieberns,  Gridley,  68th  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
George  Siewertson,  Normal,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Lloyd  Sill,  Normal,  Co.  D,  8th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Lee  Silvers,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
George  B.  Simons,  Normal,  Co.  L,  Unit  527,  Q.  M.  Corps,  A.  E.  F.     Died 

in  France. 

John  Simmons,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Signal  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Miles  Gaylor  Simons,  Bloomington,  22d  Div.,  Engineers,  A.   E.   F. 
Park  Simmons,  Normal,  Battery  D,  68th  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Boy  M.  Simpkins,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  328th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Russell   I.    Simkins,   Bloomington,    Surgical    Assistant,  Med.  Corps,  U.  S. 

Camp,  Rock  Island,  111. 

Sergt.  Carl  Howard  Simpson,  Normal,  llth  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
Frank  Simpson,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Henry  L.  Simpson,  Anchor,  Battery  D,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Leslie  G.  Simpson,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Rock  Island. 
Louis  F.  Simpson,  Infantry. 

Edgar  E.  Sims,  Shirley,  Engineer  Corps,  Camp  Forrest,  Ga. 
William  B.  Sims,  Downs,  1st  Class  Fireman,  U.  S.  S.  Olympia. 
Corp.  Ivan  T.  Sisco,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Wheeler. 
George  Sittig,  Co.  B,  14th  M.  G.  B.,  A.  E.  F. 
Elzier  Skaggs,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 
John  Skaggs,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 

Arthur  Skidmore,  Towanda,  337th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  George  A.   Skidmore,  Towanda,  337th  Machine  Gun  Bat.  A.  E.  F. 
Cleon  Skillman,  Bloomington,  Cadet,   Aviation,  Dallas,   Texas. 
James  A.  Skillman,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  New  York  City. 
Corp.  Loyal  Skillman,  Leroy,  Signal  Corps,  91st  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Abe  L.  Skinner,  Hudson,  162d  Company,  II.  S.  M.  A.,  Philadelphia. 
Corp.  Asa  W.  Skinner,  Hudson,  Co.  L,  23d  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR  473 


Top  Row   (left  to  right) — Roy  Shifflet,  George  Sauter,  Howard  E.  Sutherland,  Grover  C. 

Stevens,   Carl  Seeger. 
Second  Row— Otto  Sablotzke,  H.  H.   Stevenson,   A.  D.  Schewe,  Loyal  Skillman,  Carl  H. 

Simpson. 
Third  Row — Fred  L.   Strange,   Roy  M.   Simkins,  George  R.   Simons,  Maurice  A.   Salmon, 

Earl   T,   Smith. 


Upper  Row   (left  to  right) — Homer  Osborn,  J.  Lindley  Oliver,  Geol.  L.  Olson,  Otto 

Lee  Oxley. 
Lower   Row — Alvin    B.    Otto,    Lloyd   E.    Orendorff,    Donald    F.    O'Neil,    George   W. 

Ostrum,  Donald  A.  Ortman. 


474  McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAS 

Fred  Skinner,  Normal,   Co.  F,   106th  Engineers.     Died  of  pneumonia  in 

Glasgow. 

Fred  S.  Skinner,  Gridley,  Co.  F,  106th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Gersham  J.  Skinner,  Bloomington,  349th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Harlow  Skinner   (colored),  Bloomington,  8th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Howard  Skinner,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Signal  Corps. 

John  E.   Skinner,   Towanda,  Machine  Gun   Co.,  310th  Infantry,  A.   E.  F. 
J.  H.  Skinner,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Carl  Slagle,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 
Leonard  Slagle,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 
Arthur  Slater,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Mechanic. 

Corp.  L.  E.  Slocum,  Bloomington,  Bat.  F,   17th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
A.  Smail,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Harley  A.  Small,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  64th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Jesse  E.  Small,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Corps,  Eahway,  N.  J. 
H.  P.  Smallwood,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Sergt.  Shelby  C.  Small,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Edna  May  Smiley,  Bloomington,  Nurse,  A.  E.  F. 
Omar  Smeltz,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Eobert  C.  Smiley,  Bloomington,  Med.  Supply  Depot,  Q.  M.  Corps. 
Sergt.  Arthur  T.  Smith,  Bloomington,  Medical  Depot,  Camp  Logan. 
Bee  Smiley,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  9th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Arthur  W.   Smith,  Bloomington,  Base  Hospital,   Camp  Grant. 
Miss  Alice  Smith,  Normal,  Bed  Cross  Nurse,  Mobile  Hosp.  No.  2,  A.  E.  F. 
Alva  H.  Smith,  Carlock,  Infantry.     Died  in  Liverpool  of  influenza. 
Chief  Yeoman  Carl  Smith,  Bloomington,  Naval  Ordnance,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Miss  Catherine  Belle  Smith,  Bloomington,  Nurse,  Eed  Cross,  Camp  Dodge. 
Charles  D.  Smith,  Kandolph,  Mobile  Laundry  Co.  312,  A.  E.  F. 
Charles  F.  Smith,  Gridley,  Infantry.     Died  from  wounds. 
Charles  R.  Smith,  Bloomington,  Bat.  C,  8th  Regt.,  C.  A.  Brigade,  A.  E.  F. 
Charles  J.  Smith,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  3rd  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Charles  W.  Smith,  Farmer  City,  68th  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Clarence  G.  Smith,  Bloomington,  82d  Artillery,  Ft.  Bliss,  Texas. 
Clarkson  W.  Smith,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Dodge. 
Claude  M.  Smith,  Heyworth,  Navy,  Radio,  Norfolk. 

Earl  Smith,  Cooksville,  Officers '  Tr.,  Camp  Taylor.  Died  there  of  pneumonia. 
Sergt.  Frank  L.  Smith,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Funston. 
George  E.  Smith,  Lexington,  Infantry.     Died  of  pneumonia  in  France. 
George  A.  Smith,  Anchor,  Infantry. 

George  H.  Smith,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  103d  Ammunition  Train,  A.  E.  F. 
Jack  Smith  (colored),  Bloomington,  8th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Jacob  Smith,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Corps. 
James  P.  Smith,  Bloomington,  Sanitary  Depot,  A.  E.  F. 
Joseph  F.   Smith,   Bloomington. 
Syle  A.   Smith,   Bloomington,   Infantry. 
Mack  Smith,  Anchor,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Melvin  Smith,  Cooksville,  Infantry. 

Oran  C.  Smith,  Bloomington,  319th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Ray  K.  Smith,  Downs,  Machine  Gun  Co.,  Georgia. 
R.  Smith,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 
William  P.  Smith,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Walter  T.  Smith,  Bloomington,  Amb.  Co.  350,  88th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
William  Price  Smith,  Normal,  Co.  B,  124th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  33d  Div., 

A.  E.  F. 

Benjamin  R.  Smock,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Robert  Smock,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Floyd  M.  Smythe,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Fred  Snavely,  Hudson,  Headquarters  173d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 475 

Lyle  K.  Snavely,  Bloomington,  E.  E.  6,  Field  Artillery. 

Boy  Snedaker,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  39th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Elmer  Sniff,  Heyworth,  Co.  E,  8th  Infantry,  Camp  Fremont. 

Frank  Sniff,  Heyworth,  Infantry,  7th  Prov.  Co.,  Camp  McArthur. 

Bay  Sniff,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 

William  Snitter,  Cooksville,  Infantry. 

Pen  Snodgrass,  Towanda,  Co.  E,  144th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Charles   Snow,   Bloomington,   Aviation,   Naval  Eeserve,   Minneapolis. 

Fred  Snow,  McLean,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Taken  prisoner. 

D.  G.   Snow,  McLean,   Infantry,  Massachusetts. 

Charles    F.    Snyder,    Bloomington,    Battery    A,    72    Eegt.    Coast   Artillery, 

A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Kenneth  Snyder,  Bloomington,  S.  A.  T.  C. 
Wilbur  Snyder,  Lexington,  27th  Prov.  Co.,  Camp  McArthur. 
O.  E.  Sohn,  Saybrook,  with  the  Canadian  Army. 
Corp.  Cecil  Spaid,  13th  Field  Artillery,  4th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Edwin  D.  Speere,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Sergt.  Arthur  E.  Spelbring,  17th  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Jesse  G.   Spence,  Bloomington,  Military  Police.     Died  at   Quantico. 
Boss  H.  Spencer,  Stanford,  Co.  B,  3rd  Infantry,  El  Paso,  Texas. 
Boy  Spencer,  Stanford,  Chemical  Develp.  Div.,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 
Bennie  Spiedle,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  168th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Albert  M.  Spier,  Bloomington,  Motor  Convoy  Service,  A.  E.  F. 
John  H.  Sprau,  Towanda,  162d  E.  T.  C. 

Arthur  L.  Springer,  Bloomington,  Battery  B,  50th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
William  M.  Springer,  Stanford,  Air  Service,  Balloon  Div.,  Camp  John  Wise, 

San  Antonio,  Texas. 

George  G.  Sprouse,  Saybrook,  Co.  B,  124th  Machine  Gun  Bat.  Wounded. 
Sergt.  Valley  L.  Staffen,  Bloomington,  Motor  Transports,  Fort  Eiley. 
Boy  L.  Staker,  Bloomington,  32d  Engineers.    Wounded  in  France. 
Alva  Staley,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Elmo  Staley,  Leroy,  Naval  Aviation. 

Henry  E.  Stappenbeck,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  C.,  U.  S.  Camp. 
Corp.  Keith  Stark,  Holder,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Orro    Stark,   Bloomington,    106th   Ammunition   Train,   A.   E.   F. 
George  P.  Stautz,  Bloomington,  attached  Medical  Supply  Unit,  A.  E.  F. 
Ellsworth  Stephens,  Hudson,  6th  Co.,  Coast  Artillery,  Fort  Wright. 
Ervin  Steimnan,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 
H.  Claude  Steininger,  Normal,  Artillery,  Camp  Taylor. 
Corp.  Fred  B.  Stephens,  Bloomington,   161st  Ambulance  Co.,   First  Army, 

A.  E.  F. 

Clyde  Stephenson,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Bay  Stephenson,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  David  B.  Stevenson,  (colored),  Bloomington,  30th  Infantry.  Killed 

in  action. 

Grover  C.  Stevens,  Heyworth,  Infantry,  M.  P.,  U.  S.  Camp. 
Joseph    G.    Stevens,    Heyworth,    Infantry,    Prisoner    of   War   Escort    272, 

A.  E.  F. 

Ealph  Stevens,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Howard  H.  Stevenson,  Bloomington,  Musician,  49th  Coast  Artillery. 
John  Stevenson,  Bloomington,  Signal  Corps,  Fort  Leavenworth. 
Corp.  Baymond  Stevenson,  Bloomington,  161st  Depot  Brigade,  Camp  Grant. 
Sergt.  Boy  J.  Stevenson,  Bloomington,  Machine  Gun  Co.  3,  370th  Infantry, 

A.  E.  F. 

W.  H.  Stevenson,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Archie  F.  Stewart,  Heyworth,  Musician,  106th  Engineers.    Died  at  sea. 
Sergt.    Bradford    Stewart,    Normal,    Headquarters    Co.,    40th    Engineers, 

A.  E.  F. 
George  Stewart,  Normal,  21st  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 


476  McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 

Sergt.  Hanley  J.  Stewart,  Bloomington,  Field  Hospital  No.  18,  Fort  Riley, 

Kansas. 

Sergt.  John  Wakefield  Stewart,  Bat.  E,  5th  Field  Art.,  Camp  Taylor. 
Neil  Stewart,  Cooksville,  Infantry. 

Ralph  Stewart,   Bloomington,  Drum  Major,  Marine  Band,  Panama. 
Eex  Stewart,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  370th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Earl  T.  Sticklen,  Colfax,  Utilities  Company,  Camp  Wheeler. 
Harvey  L.  Stiegelmeier,  Bloomington,  Machine  Gun  Btn.,  35th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Walter  Stieglemeier,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  130th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
Emmett  Stiger,  Bloomington. 

Arthur  Stiger,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Evacuation  Hospital  No.  49,  Coblenz, 
Abe  Stillburg,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Norfolk. 
John  Stillman,  Normal,   12th  Field  Artillery,  Fort  Bliss. 
Sergt.  J.  T.  Stine,  Saybrook,  88th  Co.,  Marines,  Philadelphia. 
J.  H.  Stiner,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Stanley  Stivers,  Normal,  Aviation,  Signal  Corps. 
Sergt.  Ernest  F.  Stockdale,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Camp  Dix. 
Burdett  Stone,  Normal,  Infantry,  Charlotte,  N.  C. 

Edmund  B.  Stone,  4th  Engineers  Train,  Army  of  Occupation,  A.  E.  F. 
Harry  L.  Stone,  Normal,  34th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
Leslie  Stone,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Clarence  Denver  Stoops,  Cooksville,   115th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Harvey  E.  Storm,  Bloomington,  Aviation  Signal  Corps,  Fort  Wright. 
Claude  Story,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Lester  B.  Stout,  Stanford,   Co.  B,   122d   Machine   Gun  Bat.,   A.  E.  F. 
Walter  W.  Stoutamoyer,  Lexington,  Infantry. 
William  W.  Strain,  Bloomington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Fred   Strange,   Bloomington,   315th  Engineers,  A.   E.   F. 
Sergt.   Roy  A.   Strain,  Bloomington,  Supply  Dept.,   135th  Base  Hospital, 

Camp  Wadsworth. 

Eussell  Strange,  Bloomington,  S.  A.  T.  C.,  Champaign. 
George   Strayer,   Bloomington.     Died   at  Shipyards,   Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Elmer  C.  Straub,  Bloomington,  Machine  Gun,  *37th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Cris  L.  Streenz,  Bloomington,  E.  E.  2,  Q.  M.  M.  E.  S.,  San  Antonio,  Texas. 

Died  in  service. 

Bertie  Stretch,  Colfax,  Infantry. 
Everett  Stretch,  Lexington,  Navy,  Hospital  Corps. 
George  Stretch,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

Bobert  M.  Strickle,  Bloomington,  Naval  Reserve,  Municipal  Pier. 
Sergt.  Boss  Strickle,  Bloomington,  36th  Aero  Photography,  Rantoul. 
William   Stroh,  Anchor.     Died  at   Camp   Mills. 

Bernard   Strongman,  Cooksville.   60th  Coast  Artillery,  Musician,  A.  E.  F. 
Harry  Strubhar,  Danvers,   Clerical. 
Corp.  Gus  Struve,  Saybrook,  Infantry,  Camp  Hancock. 
Clifford  Stubblefield,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Ivan  R.  Stubblefield,  M.  F.,  A.  E.  F. 
Paul  N.  Stubblefield,  M.  F.,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Phillis  D.  Stubblefield,  Normal,  Engine  Truck  Co.  457,  Regulating 

Station  Q.  M.  Dept.,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.    Warren   Stubblefield,   Normal,   Battery   C,    68th   Regt.   C,   Artillery, 

A.  E.  F. 

Guy  Stubblefield,  Normal,  Infantry. 
Roy  P.   Stuckey,   Danvers,   discharged   in   camp. 
Lyle  S.  Stuckey,  Danvers,  discharged  in   camp. 
Corp.  Floyd  Sturgeon,  Leroy,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Corp.  Frank  S.  Sturgeon,  Leroy,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Chester  E.   Stutzman,   Carlock,  Infantry,   Camp   Sheridan. 
Clarence  Stutzman,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 477 

Russel  Stutzman,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  Training  Dept.,  Valparaiso. 

Howard  Stutzman,  Danvers,  Infantry. 

Jacob  J.  Suter,  Bloomington,  5th  Reg.,  Marines,  A.  E.  F. 

Wilbur  Subke,  Covel,  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

George  B.  Sweeney,  Bloomington,  B.  E.  No.   2,   Machine  Gun,  A.   E.  F. 

Gassed  and  wounded. 

Leslie  Eeuben  Sutter,  Towanda,  Auto  Mechanic,  U.  S.  Camp. 
Orel  Summers,  Bellflower,  Infantry. 

Edmund  W.  Sutherland,  Bloomington,  Infantry.     Died  at   Camp   Grant. 
Fred  O.  Sutter,  Heyworth,  Air  Service. 
Joseph  Sweeney,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Bowie. 
Martin  B.  Sweeney,  Bloomington,  Eailway  Engineers. 
William  J.  Sweeney,  Bloomington,  Navy  Electrician,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Theodore  Swigart,  Farmer  City,  Navy,  S.  A.  T.  C.,  Champaign. 
Godfrey  Swanson,  Bloomington,  Co.  L,  18th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded 

in  action. 

E.  L.  Swindler,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

John  H.  Swearingen,  McLean,  Bat.  A,  6th  Trench  Mortar,  A.  E.  F. 
George  Swinehart,  Cooksville,  Fort  Sherman,  Medical  Detachment. 
Wm.  Swearingen,  McLean,  Co.  B,  64th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 


COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Capt.  Frank  Tatman,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Harry   H.    Tenney,   Bloomington,    Infantry,    35th,    27th,   89th    Div., 

A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Gerald  C.   Thomas,   Bloomington,   75th  Co.,  6th  Marines,  A.   E.   F. 
Lieut.  H.  C.  Thomas,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Fort  Sill. 
Lieut.  Lee  Thompson,  Saybrook,  Infantry,  Camp  Taylor. 
Lieut.  O.  M.  Thompson,  Leroy,  Medical  Corps,  Fort  Eiley. 
Lieut.  Harold   Tice,   Saybrook,   Infantry,  Fortress  Monroe. 
Lieut.  Otto  P.  Tieman,  Bloomington,  Artillery,  Camp  Taylor. 
Lieut.  Frank   Tobias,  Normal,  Co.  B,  322d  Infantry,  81st  Div.,  A.  E.   F. 
Capt.  Morrell  T'omlin,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Ensign  Marion  Collier  Troster,  Bellflower,  U.  S.  N.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Col.  O.  J.  Troster,  Bellflower,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Clarence  Turner,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Panama. 
Lieut.  Chester  Twaddle,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Chanute  Field. 
Lieut.  Frank  E.  Tyler,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

ENLISTED  MEN 
John  Tain,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Graham  D.  Talbert,  Bloomington,  Fort  Wright. 
William  L.   Talbert,   Bloomington,  Infantry. 
James  Tallon  Bloomington,  Eadio  Co.  H,  3rd  U.  S.  Infantry. 
Dean  Tanner,  Stanford,  Aviation,  Fort  Logan,  Amb.  Co.  2". 
Ralph  A.  Tanner,  Stanford,  Medical  Corps. 

Carl  H.  Tappe,  Bloomington,  Petty  Officer,  Navy,  U.  S.  S.  Panther,  A.  E.  F. 
Paul  T'arent,  Bloomington,  370th  U.  S.  Infantry.     Wounded  in  action. 
F.  L.  Tarvin,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Glenn  Tatman,  Bloomington,  Carpenter's  Mate,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Horton    E.    Tatman,    Normal,    Chief    Carpenter's    Mate,    Naval    Aviation, 

A.  E.  F. 

John  C.  Tatman,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Earl   R.   Taubeneck,   Bloomington,   Spruce   Squadron,   Washington. 


478 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


Top  Row    (left  to  right} — August  G.   Gilclner,   George  Gild- 

ner,    Leo    Gildner. 

Second  Row — William  E.  Greiner,  Colvin  R.  Gentes,  E.  Gill. 
Third  Row — Forest  E.   Green,   Lester  H.  Gesell. 
Fourth  Row — Otto   Gunther,   Lloyd  F.   Golliday,   Arthur  L. 

Gerling. 

Bottom  Row — Clarence  E.  Gilmore,  Lester  I.  Gilmore,  Glen 
A.   Gilmore. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 479 

Ignatius  Taubeneck,  Army  of  Occupation,  A.  E.  F. 

Carl  Tawner,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Chalmer  Taylor,  Leroy,  S.  A.  T.  C. 

Maurice   Taylor,   Danvers,  Infantry. 

Earl  Taylor,  Bloomington,  Musician,  Great  Lakes. 

Eugene  Taylor,  Leroy,  S.  A.  T.  C. 

Milo   C.    Taylor,   Bloomington,   Chief  Engineer   Housing   Dept.,   Shipping 

Board. 

Eobert  Taylor,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
William  V.  Taylor,  Saybrook,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Myron  S.  Tee,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Washington,  D.  C.,  Camp  Meigs. 
Q.M.  Sergt.  Samuel  M.  Tee,  Bloomington,  Camp  Meigs,  Washington,  Q.  M. 

Dept. 

Joseph  E.  Templin,  Co.  D,  3d  Infantry. 

George  B.  Tenney,  Bloomington,  307th  Am.  Tr.,  82d  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Benjamin  J.  Terven,  Towanda,  Co.  B,  130th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
William  Teske,  Bloomington,  167th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Andrew  Teegan,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Sergt.  John  W.  Teter,  Downs,  Coast  Artillery. 
F.  Thatcher,  Bloomington,  8th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Eaymond  Theis,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Charles  Thoele,  Bloomington,  Co.  H,  7th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Frank   M.   Thoennes,   Bloomington;    Musician,   106th    Engineers.      Died   in 

Glasgow  of  pneumonia. 

Otto  A.  Thoennes,  Bloomington,  1st  Class  Musician,  U.  S.  Navy. 
Arthur  B.  Thomas,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery. 
Carl  A.  Thomas,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  46th  Infantry,  Camp  Sheridan. 
Sergt.  Charles  Thomas,  (colored),  Bloomington,  Infantry,  370th  Eegiment, 

A.  E.  F. 

David  Thomas,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  3d  Div.,  A.  E.  F.    Gassed  in  action. 
George  M.  Thomas,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  14th  Cavalry,  Fort  Houston. 
Glenn  Thomas,  Stanford,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Harry  A.  Thomas,  Bloomington,  155th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
Herman  L.  Thomas,  Ellsworth,  Co.  K,  32(ith  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Jacob  L.  Thomas,  Stanford,  Co.  G,  121st  Infantrv,  31st  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Lewis  Joseph  Thomas,  S.  A.   T.  C.,  Wesleyan,  Bloomington. 
E.  S.  Thomas,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Eifle  Instruction,  Marine  Corps,  Paris 

Island,  S.  C. 

Shelton  Thomas,  Bloomington,  Marines,  Newport  News. 
Corp.    Charles    A.    Thompson,    Saybrook,    Bat.    E,    68th    Eegiment,    Coast 

Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Clarence  W.  Thompson,  Arrowsmith,  Co.  D,  8th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Bugler  Daniel  Ford   Thompson,  Hudson,  Co.   K,   llth  Infantry,   A.  E.  F. 
Earl  Thompson,  Colfax,  Infantry. 
George   Thompson,   Danvers,  Infantry. 
Guy  E.  Thompson,  McLean,  Infantry,  4th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
James   G.   Thompson,   Colfax,   Infantry. 

Corp.  J.  S.  Thompson,  Bloomington,  330th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.   Kenneth  A.   Thompson,   Bloomington,   Aviation,   Americus,   Ga. 
Sergt.  Maurice  W.  Thompson,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  318th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Ealph  E.  Thompson,  Co.  K,  143d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Balph  E.  Thompson,  Arrowsmith,  Aviation,  Chanute  Field. 
E.  H.  Thompson,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Eex  Thompson,  Bloomington,  256th  Aero  Squadron,  A.   E.  F. 
Eoy  Thompson,  Bloomington,  Am.  Tr.,  Fire  Div.,  A.  E.  F.     Gassed. 
William  A.  Thompson,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Carl  Thorns,  Bloomington  E.   E.   No.  5,  Navy. 
Carl  Thornton,  Bloomington,  Navy. 


480 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 

Sylvester  Thorpe,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  124th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 

Victor  J.   Thorp,  Bloomington,  Field  Artillery,  Bat.   E,  A.  E.  F. 

Clarence  Thrasher,  Bloomington,  95th  Infantry,  Headquarters  Co.,  A.  E.  F. 

John  W.  Thrasher,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

J.  H.  Throgmorton,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  309th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Byron  Tice,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Harold  Tice,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Fort  Wright. 

Corp.  William  G.  Tiee,  Normal,  155th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Thomas  O.  Tiffin,  Normal,  Bat.  F,  6th  Keg.,  Field  Art.,  Camp  Pike. 

Edward  Timler,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  315th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Ferdinand  Timler,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.,  Newport  News. 

William   Timler,  Bloomington,  Fort  Wright. 

Corp.  Clarence  E.  Tjnervin,  Bloomington,  Co.  L,  36th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Joseph  E.  Tipsord,  Saybrook,  Supply  Co.,  349th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Albert  C.  Tock,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Dept. 

Corp.  Howard  A.  Tobias,  Normal,  Quartermasters,  Arsenal,  Camp  Earitan, 

New  York. 

Floyd  C.  Tobin,  Heyworth,  33rd  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
C.  L.  Todd,  Normal,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Carl  Tohse,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Martin  S.  Toncheck,  Carlock,  Infantry. 

Jesse  E.  Tongate,  Saybrook,  Co.  F,  330th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Harold   J.    Toohey,   Bloomington,    Third    Class    Fireman,    Navy,   Hampton 

Eoads. 

Frank  Toohill,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 
Sergt.    Wayne     C.     Townley,    Bloomington,     Chemical    Warfare    Section, 

Baltimore. 

J.  W.  Toy,  Holder,  Navy,  Newport. 

William  Toy,  Bloomington,  U.  S.  Naval  Eeserve,  Ehode  Island. 
John  Tacey,   Chenoa,  Infantry. 
William  J.  Tacey,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Eowland  Traxely,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Floyd  Traynor,  Danvers,  Navy,  Charleston. 
H.  M.  Trent,  Bugler,  Co.  B,  124th  M.  G.  B.,  A.  E.  F. 
H.  T.  Trent,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Joseph  Trimble,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  409  Ten  Bat.  S.  C.,  A.  E.  F. 
Albert  Trimmer,  Bloomington,  S.  A.  T.  C. 
Elmer  T.  Trimpe,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Ealph   G.    Troutman,    Towanda,   Co.    M,    1st   Am.    T'r.,    1st    Div.,    now   in 

Germany. 

Clarence    J.    T'roxel,   Bloomington,    Infantry. 
Lloyd  E.  Troyer,  Bloomington,  Ambulance  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Elva  J.  Truax,  Leroy,  106th  Am.  Tr. 

Sergt.  Carl  A.  Truitt,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  124th  Machine  Gun  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
Leo  F.  Tuchon,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Clayton  M.  Tudor,  McLean,  Coast  Artillery. 
Corp.  G.  C.  Tudor,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
William  Tully,  Bloomington,  Mechanic,  Aviation,  A.  E.  F. 
William  J.   Tuohey,  Bloomington,   Infantry,   Camp   Dodge. 
Pierre  Turek,  Meadows,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Paul   E.   Turlington,   Bloomington,    (col.)    3d   M.   G.   Co.,   370th   Infantry, 

A.  E.  F.    Wounded. 
Erasmus  Turner,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

George  D.  Turner,  Bloomington,  83d  Field  Artillery,  El  Paso,  Texas. 
Harry  T.   Turner,  Bloomington,  Depot  Brigade,  A.  E.   F. 
John  B.   Turner,  Bloomington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Lewis  A.   Turner,   Bloomington,  Field  Artillery. 
Paul  Turner,  Heyworth,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Work,  A.  E.  F. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 481 

Jesse  B.   Turnipseed,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

E.  Eastus  Turpen,  Infantry,  Mexican  Border. 

William  J.  Turpin,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  14th  Regt.  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Harry  B.  Tuthill,  Leroy,  Infantry,  Camp  Denning. 

Reginald  P.  Tuttle,  Randolph,  Medical  Corps. 

Daniel  Twomey,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Daniel  Edward  Twomey,  Bloomington,  Machinist,  U.  S.  Naval  Reserve. 

Edward  Twomey,  Bloomington,  308th  Motor  Transport  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Joseph    Twomey,    Bloomington,    Infantry,   Camp    McArthur. 

Lawrence  Twomey,  Bloomington,  Ambulance  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 


COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 
Lieut.  L.  M.  Unsicker,  Normal. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Raymond  E.  Uhrie,  Bloomington,  3d  Co.,  5th  P.  O.  D.  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 

Alva  Roy  Ulmer,  Anchor,  Infantry.     Died  at  Camp  Mills  of  influenza. 

Corp.  Harry  Umphress,  Stanford,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Fort  Oglethorpe. 

Ebert  Underbill,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded. 

Henry  E.  Underbrink,  Normal,  313th  Engineers,  88th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

Herscher  Underbill,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Eugene  A.  Underwood,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Floyd  Underwood,  Saybrook,  Infantry,  Camp  Baton  Rogue. 

Glen  Underwood,  Saybrook,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Thomas  J.  Underwood,  Saybrook,  Infantry,  Camp  Logan. 

Earl  Unszicker,  Normal,  Artillery,  Fortress  Monroe. 

William  L.  Urban,  Hudson,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 


V 

COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Capt.  R.  A.  Van  Ness,  McLean,  604th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Earl  Vanordstrand,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Rockwell  Field. 
Ensign   Harold   E.   Van   Petten,  Bloomington,   Naval   Reserves,   Hampton 
Roads. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Glenwood  R.  Vade,  Vancouver,  Navy. 

Charles  Valentine,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  George  Valentine,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Haddon  Valentine,  Bloomineton,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 

L.  S.  Valentine,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Asa  H.  Vallandingham,  Bloomington,  51st  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Edwin  Van  Allen,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Glen  R.  Van  Antwerp,  Bloomington,  Radio,  Navy. 

A.  P.  Vance,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Park  Vance,  Danvers,  2d  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Alvin  V.  Vandevere,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Jason  Vandevere,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Perley  B.  Vandeveer.  Bloomington,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 


482 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAE 

Sergt.  Lawrence  Vandevender,  Lexington,  Coast  Artillery,  Ft.  Totten. 
Franklin   P.    Vandervort,    Bloomington,    Engineers    Corps,    Officers'    Ee- 

serve. 

Clifford  Van  Dolah,  Lexington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Gilbert  Van  Dolah,  Lexington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Hyatt  Van  Dolah,  Lexington,  Co.  G,  121st  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Eoy  Vandyke,  Cooksville,  Infantry. 
Paul  L.  Van  Home,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 

Harry  Van  Meter,  Bloomington,  Kailroad  Kegiment,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Wayne  Van  Gundy,  Ellsworth,  Medical  Corps,  Chicago. 
Ernest  P.  Van  Nattan,  Bloomington,  Co.  M,  325th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Clifford   E.   Van   Ness,   McLean,   Co.   D,   61st   Eegiment,   5th  Div., 

A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Franklin  T.  Van  Petten,  Bloomington,  Tank  Corps,  Camp  Polk. 
Sergt.  Elmer  Van  Schoick,  Bloomington,  1st  Gas  Eegiment,  30th  Engineers, 

A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Cleve  Van  Winkle,   Bloomington,   Infantry,  Fort  Sheridan,  Border 

Duty. 

Arthur  Vaughn,  Osman,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Earl  H.  Vaughn,  Bloomington,  Headquarters  Co.,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.    James    A.    Vaughn,    Colfax,    Infantry,    Eecruiting    Service,    U.    S. 

Eegulars. 

Del  Veatch,  Bloomington,  Tank  Corps. 
Thomas  Veatch,  Lexington,  Eadio,  Navy. 

Paul  V.  Vernon,  Bloomington,  Naval  Eeserve,  1st  Class  Musician,  Newport. 
Eemi  Verwecke,  Bloomington,  Infantry.    Died  at  Camp  Sevier  of  influenza. 
Sergt.  Joseph  Vick,  Normal,  Infantry. 
James  J.  Vieroeks,  Heyworth,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
James  H.  Vincent,  Cooksville,  112d  M.  G.,  Camp  Logan. 
Corp.  Leo  Vincent,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Thomas  Vincent,  Cooksville,  Aviation,  Kelly  Field. 
Eobert  W.  Vogel,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Charles  Vogt,  McLean,  Infantry. 
Fred  E.  Vollborn,  Holder,  U.  S.  Navy. 

Sergt.  William  Von  Allman,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  131st  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Gus  Vuylsteke,  Heyworth,  Infantry,  Camp  Kearney. 
Corp.  Harry  A.  Vuylsteke,  Heyworth,  Infantry,  Camp  Jones. 
Mrs.  Carl  Vrooman,  Bloomington,  educational  work  with  the  A.  E.  F. 


W 

COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Lieut.  William  Ward,  Cropsey,  Chaplain,  A.  E.  F. 
Ensign  Cullen  H.  Want,  Leroy,  Naval  Constructor. 
Major  Marshall  Wallis,  Normal,  Hospital  Eeconstruction  Work,  Newport 

News. 

Lieut.  Warren  Watkins,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Taylor. 
Lieut.  Ferre  Watkins,  Bloomington,  344th  Infantry,  Black  Hawk  Division, 

A.  E.  F. 

Major  P.  J.  Watson,  Bloomington,  23d  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Eobert  Glenn  Washburn,  Normal,  Balloon  Corps,  Newport  News. 
Lieut.  James  W.  Weidner,  Bloomington,  Dental  Corps. 
Major  John  White,  Leroy,  Medical  Corps. 
Lieut.  Eobert  Peter  Whitmer,  Bloomington,  Field  Artillery,  O.  T.  C.,  Camp 

Taylor. 
Lieut.  Bert  L.   Wheeler,  Lexington,   Infantry.     Now   in   U.   S.   Hospital, 

Denver. 
Lieut.  Jack  Wilcox,  Eegular  Army,  Infantry. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 483 

Lieut.  Stephen  C.  Williams,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Lieut.  Walter    W.    Williams,    Bloomington,    Aviation,    Engineers,   Chanute 

Field. 

Capt.  William  T.  Williamson,  Lexington,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Lee. 
Capt.  Harry  Kieth   Wilson,   Bloomington,  510th   Engineers,   A.   E.   F. 
Capt.  Irving   Wilson,   Bloomington,   Gas   Combat   Dept.,   Philadelphia. 
Capt.  W.  H.  Wilston,  Bloomington,  350th  M.  G.  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  William  C.  Wise,  Bloomington,  Pursuit  Pilot,  Aviation,  A.  E.  F. 
Lieut.  Edward  Wittmus,  Bloomington,  Co.  G,  34th  Infantry,  A.  E.  E. 
Capt.  Frank  T.  Windle,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Corps,  Camp  Funston. 
Lieut.  Eoss  Winship,  Bloomington,  Ordnance,  Eeserve  Corps. 
Lieut.  Alfred   M.   Wright,  Bloomington,  12th  Aero  Squadron,   Observation 

Tr.,  A.  E.  F. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Emil  J.  Wackman,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Curtis  Wadell,  Hudson,  Infantry,  Camp  Wood. 

George  D.  Waddell,  Bloomington,  Base  Depot,  C.  F.  C.,  England. 

Hugh  D.  Waddell,  Bloomington,  Navy,  U.  S.  S.  Heron,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Wesley  Wagers,  Leroy,  Infantry,  68th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

Jay  Wagner,  Bloomington,  Cook,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Eaymond  Wagner,  Bloomington,  Co.  G,  899th  Pioneer  Inf.,  A.  E.  F. 

Raymond  M.  Wagner,  Bloomington,  Bat.  D,  323d  F.  A.,  A.  E.  F. 

Walter   F.   Wagner,   Bloomington,   Infantry.     Wounded   in   action. 

Elmer  Wahls,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Fred  C.  Wahls,  Saybrook,  Infantry,  45th  Coast  Art.,  A.  E.  F. 

Lawrence  Wahls,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Lester  Wahls,  Leroy,  Infantry,  68th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

Eoy  Wahls,  Leroy,  Co.  L,  357th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Guy  Wahlstrom,  Ellsworth,  Infantry,  Camp  McArthur,  Texas. 

John  T.  Wakefield,  Heyworth,  Chief  Electrician,  Navy.     Died  on  shipboard. 

Maurice  Wakefield,  Heyworth,  S.  A.  T.  C.     Died  in  Barracks,  Ames,  Iowa. 

Sergt.  Sherman  D.  Wakefield,  Bloomington,  437th,  478th  and  489th  En- 
gineers, Washington,  D.  C. 

Ben  Walden,  Leroy,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  A.  E.  F. 

Carter  Walden,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Elsy  Walden,  Saybrook,  112th  Am  Tr.,  A.  E.  F. 

George  Walden,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

James  H.  Walden,  Coltax,  Infantry. 

Clyde  A.  Walker,  Lexington,  Navy. 

Fred  Walker,  Normal,  Infantry,  Camp  Hattiesburg,  Machine  Gun  Corps. 

Herman  Walker,  Bloomington,  E.  E.  Infantry,  Columbus. 

Sergt.  William  A.  Walker,  Bloomington,  U.   S.  Eegulars,  Coast  Artillery. 

George   Henry  Wall,   Bloomington,   Navy,   Plumbing  Fitter. 

Fred  A.  Wallace,  Hudson,  413  Motor  Truck  Co.,  A.  E.  F. 

Hugh  E.,  Wallace,  Carlock,  Co.  B,  1st  Bat.,  118th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

John  E.  Wallace,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Kearney. 

Lloyd  Wallace,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Otis  Wallace,  Leroy,  868th  Aero  Squadron,  Kelly  Field. 

Eichard  A.  Wallace,  Carlock,  Medical  Corps,  Base  Hospital  Unit  131, 
A.  E.  F. 

William  W.  Wallace,  Carlock,  Medical  Corps,  Camp  Grant. 

W.  O.  Wallace,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Corp.  Don   E.  Walley,  Bloomington,  Handley  Page  Training  Depot  No.   1. 

Sergt.  Glen  D.  Walley,  Bloomington,  Co.  M,  349th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

George  Walli.  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

William  Wallis,  Bloomington,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Work,  A.  E.  F. 


484 


Martin  J.  Walsh,  Bloomington,  Signal  Corps. 

Thomas  M.  Walsh,  Bloomington,  Co.  M,  4th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Kay  D.  Walston,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  349th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Wounded 

in  action. 
Paul    Walter,    Bloomington,    Co.    C,    12th    Machine    Gun    Bat.,    A.   E.    F. 

Wounded  in  action. 
Alonzo   Walton,   Normal,   M.   G.   Co.,   370th   Infantry,    (colored).      Service 

Cross. 

James  Waltz,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge. 
Sergt.  Fred  A.  Ward,  Bellflower,  Co.  366th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.   Eaymond  Ward,   Bloomington,  54th  Heavy  Artillery,   A.   E.   F. 
Eobert  H.   Ward,  Bloomington,   Hospital  Corps,   Navy. 
Thomas  W.  Ward,  Bloomington,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Work,  A.  E.  F. 
William  V.  Ward,  Bloomington,  Engineers,  Camp  Grant. 
Corp.  William  C.  Ward,  Bloomington,  124th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  William  V.  Ward,  Normal,  Co.  D,  28th  Pioneer  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Eichard  H.  Warlow,  Stanford,  Infantry,  Camp  Stewart. 
Jesse  Ward,  Bellflower,  Infantry. 
Homer  C.  Warner,  McLean,  358th  Infantry,  90th  Div.,  American  Army  of 

Occupation,  Gerolstein,  Germany. 
J.  W.  Warner,  Bloomington,  Cook,  Greeat  Lakes. 
William  Warner,  Normal,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Irl  B.  Warnock,  Bloomington,  Medical  Department,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Clarence  Warton,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.   F. 

Elmer  C.  Washburn,  Heyworth,  Musician,  356th  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge. 
Eobert  M.  Washburn,  Heyworth,  13th  Infantry. 

Frank  H.  Watchinski,  Bloomington,  Co.  L,  326th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Joseph  Watchinski,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

William  Watchinski,  Bloomington,  Troop  B,  6th  Cavalry,  A.  E.  F. 
Albert  Waters,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  1st  Ammunition  Train,  A.  E.  F. 
Earl  H.  Waters,  Bloomington,  38th  Squadron,  Aviation,  Chanute  Field. 
Sergt.  John  Waters,  Lexington,  Co.  C,  354th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Harold   Watkins,   Bloomington,   Medical   Eeserve   Corps,   Philadelphia. 
John  Watkins,  Bloomington,  Heavy  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Paul  E.  Watkins,  Bloomington,  S.  A.  T.  C.,  Champaign. 
Frank  Watson,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Sergt.  Harry  E.  Watson,  Bloomington,  Medical  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Lynn  Watson,  Normal,   Naval  Eadio,  Harvard  University. 
Bolland  Watson,  Bloomington,  Eadio  Work,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Thomas  Y.  Watson,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Eudolph    D.    Watt,   Leroy,   Co.    B,    334th    Infantry.      Died   in    France    of 

tuberculosis. 

Eupert  Watt,  Leroy,  Co.  D,  27th  Infantry,  Siberia  and  Philippines. 
Carl  T.   Waugh,  Bloomington,   Officers'   Training,  Camp  Pike. 
Clarence  E.  Weakley,  Lexington,  Co.  C,  49th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Died  of 

pneumonia. 

Emmett  C.  Weakley,  Lexington,  75th  Co.,  6th  Marines,  A.  E.  F. 
Lawrence   Weakley,   Lexington,   25th   Machine   Gun   Bat.,   Camp   Sheridan. 
Joseph  Weaney,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Ben  F.  Weatherford,  Sergt.,  Bloomington,  Co.  1,  31st  Infantry,  with  the 

A.  E.  F.  in  Siberia,  Eussia. 

Gordon  W.  Weaver,  Downs,  Medical  Dept.,  Fort  Clark. 
Melvin  Weaver,  Towanda,  Infantry. 

George  S.  Webb,  Bloomington,  Naval  Aviation,  Minneapolis. 
Sidney  Webb,  Heyworth,  Infantry. 

J.  W.  Webber,  Bloomington,  106th  Sanitary  Train,  126th  Co.,  A.  E.  F. 
Henry    J.    Wedekind,    Bloomington,    Headquarters    Co.,    108th    Am.    Tr., 

A.  E.  F. 


485 


NAVY   GROUP 

Top   row    (left    to    rinht)- — Horton    Tatman,    Harry   E.    Clevenger,    George   G.    Patton, 

Roderick    Imlioff. 
Second   row — Augustus    Wehmeier,    John    Sheridan,    Charles    F.    Sheridan,    Peter     J. 

Brown.       Above—Dale    Dugan ;      (below) — Roland    B.     Protzman    and    Clarence 

Williams. 
Third    row — Donald    G.    Galloway,    John    R.    Turner,    Alvin    A.    Conrad,    Lester    H. 

Porter,    Andie    Thoman. 
Fourth  row — John   G.    Deynzer,    Carl    Sutton,   Clarence    Sutton,    James   Williams,    Cecil 

R.    Wiggle.       (Above) — E.    M.    Printz. 
Fifth  row — Warren  C.   Barton,   Reid  Mitchell,   Howard   O.   Brown,    Pyrle  D.   Binnion, 

Ernest    Behrman. 
Sixth  row — -Waldo  Appel,  Chester  W.   Chism,  Roy  F.   Lishka,   Arthur  G.  Gooch,  Fred 

Hill,    Leo    Dugan,    Wilmoth   Hovey.       (Above) — John    Fritzen,    Bryan    Maxwell. 


486 McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOULD    WAR 

Chauncey  Weidner,  Cooksville,  Infantry. 

Charles  H.  Weiler,  Bloomington,  Bat.  E,  69th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Louis  Weiler,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.     Died  in  Europe. 

Robert  Weiler,  Bloomington,  Machine  Gunner.     Wounded  in  action. 

Joshua  Weinstock,   Bloomington,  Infantry,  Fort  Hamilton. 

Loren  Welch,  Bloomington,  Eadio,  Great  Lakes,  Gunner's  Mate. 

Thomas  Weldon,  Bloomington,  Medical  Supply  Depot,  Camp  Kearney. 

Thomas  W.  Weling,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  32d  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

Arthur  Wellenrieter,  Danvers,  114th  Ambulance  Co.,  104th  S.  T.,  A.  E.  F. 

H.  S.  Wellenreiter,  Bloomington,  Co.  D,  130th  M.  G.  Bat.,  A.  E.  F. 

Charles  E.  Welling,  Bloomington,  34th  Engineers. 

Vern  Wellington  Weber,  Cooksville,  Co.  A,   1st  Bat.,  Infantry,  Camp  Mc- 

Arthur. 

George  Wells,   Saybrook,  Mechanical  Dept.,  8th  Field   Artillery,  A.   E.   F. 
John  J.  Wells,  Bloomington,  R.  E.  4,  Infantry,  Fort  Thomas. 
Edward  E.  Werner,  Bloomington,  Supply  Company,  349th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
William  Werner,  Normal,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
Joseph  Wernsman,  Chenoa,  Co.  B,  131st  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Bernard  J.  Werscheld,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Glenn  Wertz,  Bloomington,  Camp  Taylor,  Infantry. 
Harvey  West,  Bloomington,  1st  Field  Artillery,  U.   S.  Regulars,  Hawaiian 

Islands. 

Lincoln  West,  Lexington,  R.  R.,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
William  F.  West,  Anchor,  370th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
William  West,  Normal,  Infantry. 
Frank  Westhoff,  Normal,  Infantry,  Camp  Dodge. 
W.   C.  Westphall,  Bloomington,   Infantry. 
John  H.  Weymer,  Colfax,  Marines. 

Charles  Augustus  Whalen,  Bloomington,  Officers '  Training,  Camp  Pike. 
Charles  Whalen,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Orvin  Wheat,  Bellflower,  Yeoman,  Navy. 
George    Gray    Wheelock,    McLean,    Infantry.      Died    at    Camp    Grant    of 

influenza. 

August  Whemeier,  Bloomington,  R.  R.  5,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 
iSergt.    Donald   D.   Whitcomb,    Bloomington,   Co.    E,    2d   Regt.    Engineers, 

A.  E.  F. 

Dillard  White,  Carlock,  Infantry. 
Fred  White,  Colfax,  Navy,  Newport  News. 

George  J.  White,  Bloomington,  4th  Trench  Mortar  Bat.  A.  E.  F. 
Harrison   W.   White,    Bloomington,    3d    Co.,    164th   Depot   Brigade,   Camp 

Funston. 

Harry  H.   White,   Bloomington,   Navy. 
Leslie  White,  Normal,  Navy,  A.  E.  F, 

Corp.  Ralph  O.  White,  Bloomington,  512  Motor  Truck  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  William  A.  White,  Stanford,  Co.  E,  345th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Charles  Whiteman,  Lexington,  Co.  F,  1st  Engineers. 
Haskel  P.  Whitenack,  Ellsworth,  73d  Reg.,  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Lester  O.  Whitenack,  Saybrook,  Field  Artillery. 
Merl  E.  Whitenack,  Ellsworth,  Marines. 
Ned  V.  Whitesell,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Vernon    Whitesell,    Bloomington,    Radio,    Navy,    Great   Lakes. 
Albert  Whiteside,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 
Robert  Peter  Whitmer,  Bloomington. 
Leroy  Whitmore,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Municipal  Pier. 
Lyle  Whitmore,  Bloomington,  Army  Field  Secretary. 
Corp.  Adlai  Whittaker,  Leroy,  Infantry. 
Charles  Whittaker,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Sergt.  Jesse  Whittaker,  Leroy,  Infantry. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 487 

John  Whitty,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Glenn  Whorall,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Bay  Whorrall,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

George  Wick,  Lexington,  Infantry,  Machine  Gun  Co.,  331st  Keg.,  A.  E.  F. 

Emil  Wickman,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Harry  Lee  Wickoff,  Bloomington,  Coxswain,  Navy,  U.  S.  S.  K.  I.  "Lucken- 

bach." 

William  C.  Wicks,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  348th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Cecil  Eay  Wiggle,  Normal,  Eadio,  Navy,  U.  S.  Beserve,  Hampton  Eoads. 
Sergt.    Glenn    Wightman,    Ellsworth,    Co.    E,    Supply    Train,    116    Truck, 

A.  E.  F. 

Lemont  Wier,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

John  Wieting,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  39th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F.    Wounded. 
Vernon  W.  Wieting,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,   124th  Machine  Gun,  A.  E.  F. 

Wounded. 

Siegfried  K.  Wikell,  Leroy,  Infantry. 

Albert  B.  Wilcox,   Bloomington,   Accountant,  435   Engineering  Corps. 
Clifford  Wilcox,  McLean,  Infantry. 
Frank  C.  Wilcox,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Grant  Wilcox,  McLean,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
John  T.  Wilcox,  Downs,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 
Joseph  Wilcox,   Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Lyle  Wilcox,  McLean,  Navy,  Hampton  Eoads. 
M.  Wilcox,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 
Albert  Wildell,  Lexington,  Infantry,  Camp  Wheeler. 
Cassius  Wilder,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
William  Wilder,  Chenoa,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Howard  E.  Wiley,  Bloomington,  Navy.     Died  of  influenza  at  Great  Lakes. 
Eobert  Wiley,  Normal,  Infantry,  Camp  Taylor. 
Bernard  Wilhelm,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Gayland  Wilhoit,   Bloomington,   Auto   Eepair,   51st  Coast   Artillery, 

A.  E.  F. 

Harry  Wilkinson,  Bloomington,  210th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 
Joseph  B.  Wilkinson,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  659th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

Committed  suicide  Jan.  5,  1920. 
Eoy  Wilkinson,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Clarence  A.  Wilmert,  Bloomington,  Co.  F,  106th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Claude  Willard,  Bloomington,  Co.  L,  21st  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 
Park  Willerton,  Danvers,  Ensign  School,  Merchant  Marine,  Cleveland. 
Corp.  Francis  Carlyle  Willey,  Bloomington,  Ordnance  Detachment,  A.  E.  F. 
T.  H.  Willhite,  Colfax,  Government  Inspector. 
Corp.  Alfred  Williams,  Danvers,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Wesley  Williams,   Bellflower,   Infantry. 

Bourke  Williams,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Fort  Benjamin  Harrison. 
Sergt.  Carl  Grover  Williams,  Bloomington,  Field  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  Carroll  E.  Williams,  Colfax,  Infantry,  38th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Charles  Williams,   (colored),  Bloomington,  Co.  K,  8th  Eegiment,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  Clarence  Williams,  Leroy,  Field  Artillery,  Camp  Barnard,  Fort  Bliss. 
Clement  O.  Williams,  Saybrook,  Co.  M,  124th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Clyde  W.  Williams,  Bloomington,  Navy. 
Earl  Williams,  Leroy,  Co.  C,  3d  Infantry,  Del  Eio,  Texas. 
Frank  Williams,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Dallas,  Texas. 
Gus  Williams,  (colored),  Bloomington,  8th  Infantry.     Killed  in  action. 
Jesse  Williams,  Ellsworth,  Supply  Co.,  349th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
John  Williams,  Bloomington,   Navy. 
John  E.  Williams,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery. 
Leffel  Williams,  Danvers,  Infantry. 
Lail  Williams,  Bellflower,  Infantry. 


488 McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

Mailen  Clyde  Williams,  Carlock,  Medical  Dept.,  47th  Coast  Artillery, 
A.  E.  F. 

Milton  Williams,    (colored),  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Funston. 

Paul  Williams,  Colfax,  Infantry. 

E.  W.  Williams,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 

Eoy  Williams,  Colfax,  Bat.  B,  139th  F.  A.  S.,  Camp  Shelby. 

Sumner  F.  Williams,  Co.  K,  138th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Donda  Williamson,  Lexington,  14th  Bat.,  F.  A.,  Fort  Sill. 

Corp.  George  H.  Williamson,  Bloomington,  Co.  I,  49th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Jay  Williamson,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

William  Williamson,  Normal,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  W.  E.  Williamson,  Lexington,  Co.  H,  318th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Jesse  Eay  Willis,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Matt  Willis,  Bloomington,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Charles  C.  Wills,  Saybrook,  Co.  C,  39th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Harry  Wills,  Saybrook,  Co.  C,  39th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Bernie  Wilson,  Normal,  Infantry,  Fort  Benjamin  Harrison,  Fort  Leaven- 
worth. 

Carl  P.  Wilson,  Colfax,  3rd  Co.,  A.  E,  S.  D.,  Motor  Transport,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Claude  M.  Wilson,  Bloomington,  28th  Co.,  159th  Depot  Brigade, 
Camp  Taylor. 

Harry  Wilson,  NormaJ,  Signal  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Harry  F.  Wilson,  Colfax,  Co.  C,  311th  Field  Signal  Battalion,  A.  E.  F. 

John  Guy  Wilson,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

John  E.  Wilson,  Danvers,  Infantry.     Died  at  Camp  Wright  of  pneumonia. 

L.  W.  Wilson,  Bloomington,  E,  E,  6,  Navy. 

Ealph  E.  Wilson,  Normal,  Navy,  U.  S.  S.  Gushing,  A.  E.  F. 

Eobert  Wilson,  (colored),  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

William  Wilson,  Gridley,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

John  Wilstead,  Bloomington,  Cook,  Navy. 

Dial  Winang,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Mark  Windsor,  Bloomington,  Aviation,  Chanute  Field. 

Orville  Allen  Winslow,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

Elma  Wink,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Charles  E.  Winsett,  Bloomington,  Co.  I,  326th  Infantry,  82d  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

Anton   Winterland,    Colfax,   Infantry,    Camp   Lee. 

Edward   Winterland,    Colfax,   Infantry,    Camp   Sheridan. 

William   Winters,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Boy  E.  Wirick,  Stanford,  Veterinarian  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Eoy  M.  Wirt,  Leroy,  Tank  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 

Jesse  L.  Wipe,  Bloomington,  Photographer,  321st  Field  Art.,  Camp  Dodge 

Leland  E.  Wise,  Bloomington,  345th  Co.,  Military  Police,  A.  E.  F. 

Straude  Wiseman,  Bloomington,  Navy,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Harold  Withers,  Lexington,  Infantry,  Camp  Merritt. 

Artee  Witt,  Arrowsmith,  34th  Infantry,  7th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Charles  Witt,  Arrowsmith,  Infantry.  Died  at  Camp  Mills  of  pneu- 
monia. 

Dewey  Witt,  Arrowsmith,  Infantry,  Fort  Eandolph,  Panama. 

Walter  Witt,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Harry  Wittmus,  Saybrook,  Co.  K,  16th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

W.  F.  Witty,  Bloomington,  69th  Co.  T.  C.,  A.  E.  F. 

Gustave  Woelims,  Bloomington,  7th  Co.,  Coast  Artillery,  Canal  Zone, 
Panama. 

Sergt.  Edward  F.  Woizeski,  Bloomington,  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

Harvey  W.  Woizeski,  Bloomington,  Co.  M,  123d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Leo  E.  Wolfe,  Bloomington,  Ambulance  Driver,  Medical  Corps,   A.  E.   F. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 489 

Ferdinand  C.  Wollenschlager,  Bloomington,  B.  B.,  130th  Machine  Gun  Btn., 

Camp  Grant. 

Louis  E.  WolJrab,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  46th  Infantry,  Charleston,  S.  C. 
Earl  Womack,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 
Elbert  Womack,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Harold  Wonderlin,  Colfax,  Infantry,  Jefferson  Barracks. 
Asa  P.  Wood,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Jefferson  Barracks. 
James  L.  Wood,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Louis  A.  Wood,  Bloomington,  25th  P.  O.  D.  Co.,  Ordnance,  A.  E.  F. 
Orno  Wood,  Bloomington,  Co.  F,  129th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Asa  P.  Woods,   Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Boy  C.  Wood,  Bloomington,  Machine  Gun  Co.,  7th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Fannie  E.  Woodbury,  Bloomington,  Nurse,  Base  Hospital  68,  A.  E.  F. 
Corp.  William  S.  Woods    Bloomington,  Headquarters  Co.,  349th  Infantry, 

A.  E.  F. 

Harold  D.  Woodmancy,  McLean,  326th  Infantry,  82d  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Sergt.  M.  F.  Woodruff,  Bloomington,  Co.  C,  339th  M.  G.   Btn.,  A.  E.  F. 
Arthur  Woodworth,  Normal,   Mechanic,   Motor  Corps,  Ft.   Wright. 
Evelyn  Wooley,  Bloomington,  Nurse,  Fort  Oglethorpe,  Ga. 
Sergt.  Myles  S.  Wooster,  Bloomington,  Motor  Transport,  A.  E.   F. 
Harry  B.  Wormley,  Lexington,  S.  A.  T.  C.,  Wesleyan  University. 
Noah  E.  Wormley,  Lexington,  Co.  A,  3d  Infantry,  El  Paso,  Texas. 
Boy  F.  Worthey,  Leroy,  Co.  B,  115th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Miss  Opha  F.  Wren,  Bloomington,  Bed  Cross,  A.  E.  F. 
Bobert  B.  Wren,  Bloomington,  Marines,  Boston. 
Sergt.  Albert  Wright,  Bloomington,  Engineering  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Bernie  Wright,  Stanford,  Co.  B,  122d  M.  G.  Bat.  M. 
Samuel   Chester   Wright,   Bloomington,   B.  B.   6,   Wagoner,   Bat.   A,   312th 

Field  Artillery,  79th  Div.,  A.  E.  F. 
Frank  Wright,  Bloomington  Eoute  5,  Medical  Detachment,   118th  Field 

Artillery,   A.   E.  F. 
Corp.  Lawrence  G.  Wright,  Bloomington,  Co.  B,  124th  Machine  Gun  Bat., 

Texas. 

Miles  Wright,  Stanford,  Infantry,  Fort  Wright. 
Orion  L.  Wright,  Stanford,  68th  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Frank  Wulf,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 
Leroy  Wurtzbaugh,  Gridley,  Infantry. 
Balph  L.  Wurzberger,  Bloomington,  B.  E.  4,  Motor  Truck  Driver,  S.  S.  1, 

A.  E.  F. 

J.  Stuart  Wyatt,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  Camp  Meade. 
Pearl  Wyckoff,  Arrowsmith,  Infantry. 
Webb  Wyckoff,  Bloomington,  Motor  Transport. 


Y 

COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Capt.  Laurance    H.    Young,    Bloomington,    Transportation    Corps,    Camp 
Merritt. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Clarence   Edward   Yaeger,   Bloomington,   Infantry,   Beplacement   Unit. 

Harvey  Yakel,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Boy  B.  Yanney,  Holder,  Ordnance,  Camp  Penniman. 

Emil  Yarke,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Archie  Yarnell,  Bloomington,  Co.   A,   6th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 


490 


Roscoe  Yaeger,  Towanda,  91st  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E,  F. 

Homer  B.  Yarp,  Bloomington,  Special  Service,  U.  S.  Shipyards,  Phil- 
adelphia. 

Sergt.  Julius  Yarp,  Bloomington,  Headquarters  Co.,  342d  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Miss  Nettie  Yarp,  Bloomington,  Eed  Cross. 

Arch  G.  Yazle,  Padue,  Co.  B,  339th  Machine  Gun  Battalion,  Waco,  Texas. 

Roy  Yeager,  Colfax,  Headquarters  Company,  133d  Infantry,  Camp  Cody. 

La  Velle  W.  Yeakel,  Stanford,  210th  Aero  Squadron,  A.  E.  F. 

George  T.  Yell,  Bloomington,  Navy. 

Harold  A.  Yerke,  Danvers,  Ordnance  Detachment  Company,  A.  E.  F. 

Sergt.  Homer  S.  Yetman,  Bloomington,  Q.  M.  Dept.,  Coast  Artillery, 
A.  E.  F. 

Willard  K.  Yoder,  Danvers,  S.  A.  T.  C.,  Wesleyan. 

Oscar  Yordy,  Bloomington,  Co.  A,  35th  Engineers,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Charles  Young,  Bloomington,  Co.  H,  35th  U.  S.  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Chester  Young,  Normal,  53d  Regt.,  C.  A.  C.,  A.  E.  F. 

Fred   H.    Young,   Bloomington,   Navy,   Publicity   Dept.,   Great   Lakes. 

Russell  Young,  Bloomington,  S.  A.  T.  C.,  Champaign. 

Harry  Youngblood,  Normal,  20th  Infantry,  Camp  Funston. 

Earl  Youngman,  McLean,  Q.  M.  Dept. 

G.  H.  Youngman,  Bloomington,  Motor  Equipment  Inspector,  Worcester, 
Mass. 

Corp.  Wilbur  Youngman,  Bloomington,  Bat.  F,  139th  Field  Art.,  A.  E.  F. 

Herman  Yreate,  Bloomington,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 


Z 

COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS 

Lieut.  William  A.  Zook,  Normal,  83d  Co.,  6th  Marines,  A.  E.  F. 

ENLISTED  MEN 

Jesse  Zarton,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  Glenn  F.  Zellhoefer,  Leroy,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Earl  C.  Zick,  Saybrook,  Bat.  H,  Coast  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 

John  J.  Ziemens,  Bloomington,  G.  2d,  A.  F.  G. 

Eugene  Ziebold,  Bloomington,  Navy,  Great  Lakes. 

John  P.  Zimmerlin,  Heyworth,  Infantry,  Camp  Grant. 

Daniel  Zimmerman,  Chenoa,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Cliff  Zimmerman,  Carlock,   Infantry. 

Edward  Zimmerman,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Frank  Zimmerman,  Navy. 

H.  J.  Zimmerman,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

John  Zimmerman,  Chenoa,  Infantry. 

Ernest  Zoll,  Carlock,  Infantry,  Fort  Wright. 

Floyd   Zoll,   Bellflower,  Infantry. 

Sergt.  D.  D.  Zock,  Danvers,  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Ernest  Zook,  Chenoa,   Infantry,  A.  E.   F. 

William  Ernest  Zook,  Chenoa, 'Co.  F,  138th  Infantry,  A.  E.  F. 

Corp.  Benjamin  F.  Zortman,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

Harold  J.  Zortman,  Bloomington,  Infantry. 

John  H.  Zortman,  Infantry. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 491 

SUPPLEMENTAL  LIST 

The  following  names  of  men  who  entered  the  service  through  draft 
board  No.  2,  the  city  board,  are  furnished  by  H.  M.  Murray,  of  this 
board,  who  had,  however,  no  knowledge  of  their  military  history  after 
they  were  sent  to  camp: 

A. — Frank  L.  Alfred,  John  A.  Anderson,  Oscar  J.  Armstrong  LeMar 
Anderson,  Dean  Almo  Ashey. 

B. — Emory  A.  Boylan,  David  L.  Brown,  Jr.,  Irvin  J.  Bower,  Alfred 
Blackman,  Herbert  Alverson,  Wilson  K.  Bean,  Shelby  Butts,  Alvin  B. 
Bills,  Arshell  Barker,  Joseph  Fifer  Bohrer,  Andrew  Bergudl,  Thomas 
Benton,  Harold  L.  Benn,  John  Eussell  Baum,  Adrian  A.  Barnes,  Amel 
T.  Brown,  James  L.  Bowe,  Albert  Burgland,  Eura  Barnett,  John  E.  Bisher, 
Emil  Butzius,  Tom  Brooks,  Grover  V.  Bowman,  Harold  Boch,  L/adrue  H. 
Bowley,  Roy  C.  Blanchard,  Fred  E.  Bartell,  Otto  William  Boehm,  Wm. 
M.  Biscoe,  James  B.  Bicknell,  David  Burglin,  Ealph  Bahn,  Walter  O. 
Bird,  William  Carl  Brandt,  Oliver  Butler,  Charlie  T.  Brown,  James  E. 
Bent,  Michael  E.  Brown. 

C. — Harry  D.  Caton,  Harrold  E.  Chapman,  John  S.  Cothran,  Donald 
A.  Cannady,  Eobert  F.  Coulton,  Harry  Dean  Caton,  Ivan  Crowder,  Harold 
T.  Carlquist,  Chester  B.  Castle,  Abraham  L.  Clark,  William  C.  Collins, 
Lawrence  E.  Cole,  Henry  Willis  Capen,  Henry  E.  Coil,  Anton  A.  H. 
Carlson,  Daniel  L.  Cox,  Fred  M.  Churchill,  Philmore  H.  Crause,  Theodore 
F.  Crab,  Himan  Cohan,  Moses  Champion,  Donald  Clark. 

D. — Herbert  M.  Dice,  Geo.  J.  Dellmar,  Martin  Dewitt,  John  Joseph 
Dalley,  Weiaver  E.  Dulany,  Toney  Deplomo,  Eoss  E.  Darnall,  Harrison 
M.  Dodge,  Patrick  J.  Delmar,  Geo.  T.  Evans,  Pearley  B.  Dandever, 
Harry  E.  Donnahue,  Jessie  M.  Davis,  Geo.  H.  Davis,  Eoy  B.  Devany, 
Geo.  P.  Davis,  Macon  Davis,  Owen  Day,  Wm.  Darton. 

E. — Harry  D.  Emmett,  Archie  P.  Ensminger,  John  F.  Elshoff, 
Eudolph  Eckard,  John  N.  Enfield,  Lesley  M.  Earnest,  John  Harwood 
Evans,  Sage  W.  Elbert,  Frank  W.  Evers,  Hershell  L.  Etter. 

F. — Albert  Freidewald,  James  L.  Fortner,  Louis  W.  Fields,  Luck  A. 
Floyd,  Martin  Fisher,  Delmar  Marion  Fuller. 

G. — Bernard  Gray,  Carl  C.  Gottschalk,  Harvey  S.  Goodsly,  August 
L.  Grampp,  Edward  L.  Gnadt,  Conrad  Gottschalk,  Harry  Gehle,  Joseph 
F.  Gleason,  Walter  G.  Grieshaber,  Joseph  Gang,  Archie  Gooch,  Anton 
Gard,  Lester  A.  Gross. 

H.— Stanley  F.  Husted,  Carl  E.  Halster,  Wilson  K.  Harbert,  W.  Joe 
Hill,  Harley  F.  Hogan,  Monroe  Dewey  Hibbeno,  William  J.  Hull,  Otto 
C.  Hamlow,  Earnest  Hudson,  William  H.  Harington,  James  Holcomb, 
Warner  Wm.  Hurst,  John  Hagerty,  Edward  J.  Hart,  Dean  Hinshaw,  Carl 
Hoit,  Ealph  K.  Hamilton,  Charles  Hodgson,  Thomas  T.  Howe,  Darlin 
Hinshaw,  Chas.  E.  Hill,  George  Holland,  Paul  C.  Hahn,  Leo  Nolan  Hulby. 

J. — Benjamin  P.  Jefferson,  David  A.  Jackson,  Clarence  L.  Jeter,  Carl 
A.  Jenson,  Samuel  Johnson,  Frank  L.  Jenson,  Peter  Janick,  Eoy  F. 
Jones,  Harley  J.  Johnson,  Frederick  F.  James,  Homer  T.  Jones,  Herbert 
Johnson,  Marshall  C.  Johnson,  John  T.  Jones,,  Joe  Joseph,  Shelbe  G. 
Jakins. 

K. — Herbert  L.  Koch,  Harry  Kinney,  Henry  A.  Kleese,  William  O. 
Kerns,  Martin  Kinawski,  Ben  Kraft. 

L. — I.  G.  Lain,  Fred  Deloss  Lundburg,  Harry  H.  Dee,  Earnest  A. 
Laine,  Wm.  Brian  Lash,  Charles  Lanigan,  Euphis  Lyon,  Willis  J.  Lund- 
gun,  Amel  Langhoff,  Edward  G.  Landeen,  Clifford  H.  Ledberot,  Joseph 
Lantz,  Eugene  LaBec,  Albert  Lundborg,  Eoy  F.  LaVallier,  Clay  Logan, 
Henry  H.  Leib. 


492 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


M. — Lloyd  Magers,  Shermon  C.  Malcome,  Edward  Murphy,  Geo. 
Kobert  Morrison,  Claude  F.  McKinnie,  Robert  Messali,  Thomas  F.  Mc- 
Crossin,  Charles  E.  W.  Mau,  Frank  B.  Major,  Howard  Eoy  Mann,  B. 
H.  Morgan,  Eddie  Mann,  Joseph  Moles,  Guy  Mason,  Charles  Mielter, 
Eugene  D.  Mahan,  Walter  McCleese,  Simeon  Miner,  Willie  Malone,  Paul 
J.  Maze,  Monroe  J.  Morgan,  John  McGrath,  Joseph  P.  Murray. 

N. — Clifford  J.  Noggle,  Phillips  Nolan,  Brian  Naffziger,  Geo.  John 
Needle,  William  D.  Nicol,  Lemmel  Nicholson,  Frank  Newberger. 

O. — Allen  G.  Orendorff,  William  H.  Orendorph. 

P. — Geo.  E.  Pruesch,  Frank  W.  Ploense,  Eugene  Pauper,  Donald  A. 
Persell,  Dehart  H.  Ploense,  Edward  O.  Phillos,  Harry  P.  Pitsch,  Edward 
Prochnow,  Harrold  E.  Prochnow,  Charles  H.  Pall,  Harry  D.  Power,  C. 
Samuel  Price, 

Q. — Forrest   Will  Quinn. 

K.— Daniel  F.  Eedd,  Robert  A.  Ruen,  John  Richard,  William  E. 
Rush,  Harry  W.  Read,  Joseph  Rogers,  Ralph  R.  Rhodes,  Leonard  Rock- 
hold,  William  J.  Rix,  John  Reeder,  Andrew  Riddle,  General  G.  Stoner, 
Herbert  Redmann,  Ralph  R.  Rickart,  WTalter  Rhodabeck,  Ralph  Riesen- 
berg,  Clarence  H.  Rendeil. 

S. — Adlai  E..  Stevenson,  Harry  J.  Scott,  Roy  A.  Seamann,  Harold 
P.  Shields,  Alberty  W.  Schroder,  Ralph  F.  Seamore,  Samuel  D.  Swartz, 
Charles  James  Strain,  Carl  A.  Standstrom,  Garland  B.  Shcpard,  Roy  R. 
Strange,  Walter  R.  Salzman,  James  W.  Shaw,  Chester  W.  Saltzman,  Roy 
A.  Spencer,  Herman  C.  Strout,  Wanter  P.  Stewart,  August  Shott,  Fred 
Schnitker,  Wayne  D.  Steller,  Wm.  Sherell,  Frank  A.  Schultz,  Andrew 
D.  Sullivan,  Orval  L.  Swanson,  Joseph  Smioker. 

T. — Walter  O.  A.  Topel,  Joseph  E.  Templer,  Robert  K.  Turner, 
William  H.  Turner,  Henry  Taylor,  Allen  C.  Talbert,  August  Thiebe. 

U. — Geo.   A.   Utesch,   Carl  P.  Urhammer. 
V.— John  S.  Vatikiotis. 

W. — Edgar  Williams,  Alva  A.  West,  Louis  L.  Williams,  John  L. 
Wefer,  Morris  Weil,  Wm.  A.  Warsaw,  Glenn  E.  Wheeler,  Lance  Lott 
Waterfield,  Thomas  N.  Walch,  Roy  F.  Whittmis,  John  G.  Wenstrom, 
Osear  Wadcll,  Raymond  W.  Waklcy,  Thomas  Williams,  Roily  E.  Wil- 
liams, James  M.  Wells. 

Z. — Carry  W.  J.  Zleters,  Jessie  L.  Zinn. 


Glenn    F.    Zellhofer     (left),    E.    W.    Zoll     (right). 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


493 


CHENOA  HAS  FAMILY  SERVICE  RECORD 


Above  (left),  Richard;    (right),  Ray;  (center),  Robert; 
below    (left),   Clarence;    (right),   Harry. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Madison  Busby  of  Chcnoa  had  the  unique  distinction 
of  having  five  sons  in  the  cervice  during  the  war,  two  of  whom  were 
over  in  France.  Robert  Busby  was  with  the  108th  Ammunition  train, 
and  served  many  months  with  the  American  forces  in  France.  Richard 
was  in  the  signal  corps  and  also  went  to  the  front  with  the  other  fight- 
ing Yankees.  Ray  was  in  the  infantry  and  took  his  training  at  Camp 
Pike.  Prior  to  the  world  war  he  served  five  years  in  the  coast  defense 
branch  of  the  military  service.  Harry  was  in  the  army  stationed  at  San 
Diego,  California,  where  he  received  his  training  preparatory  to  going 
across  if  the  armistice  had  not  been  signed  before  his  outfit  was  or- 
dered over.  Robert  was  a  basket-ball  player  before  entering  the  army, 
Clarence,  a  lightweight  boxer,  and  Harry  a  football  player.  All  re- 
turned from  the  service  uninjured. 


Frank  Potts 


Clarence  Crawford  Frank  Hoog 


494 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


SOME  OF  THOSE  WOUNDED  IN  THE  WAR 


John    H.   Rouan 


John  H.   Becker 


Earl  A'ichols 


William    Klatt 


Milton  Bowen 


Grover  M.  Fox 


Herbert  C.   Rediger 


Roland  Hinshaw  William  J.   Morgan 


Joseph   Million 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 495 

CHRISTMAS  IN  GERMANY 

Harry  Foreman,  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Arthur  Foreman  of  Bloom- 
ington,  who  is  a  well  known  professional  acrobat,  was  with  the  American 
Army  of  Occupation  in  Germany,  and  spent  Christmas  day,  1918,  in  one 
of  the  German  towns  near  the  Ehine.  He  wrote  to  his  mother  describ- 
ing his  surroundings  on  that  memorable  day  in  part  as  follows: 

"Well,  here  it  is  Christmas  and  I  shall  spend  it  along  the  Ehine 
in  Germany.  I  only  wish  I  could  be  with  you  and  all  at  home  Christmas. 
It  is  raining  and  the  first  snow  fell  last  night  that  I  have  seen  this 
year.  There  are  four  boys  at  the  house  I  am  in.  We  finished  up  our 
Inking  last  Sunday  night,  about  two  hundred  and  some  miles  I  think 
Kinco  starting.  I  don't  know  how  long  we  will  be  here,  but  certainly 
hope  when  we  do  start  moving  it  will  be  for  old  U.  S.  How  I  long 
for  home  and  some  apple  pie.  Germany  has  got  nothing  to  make  those 
out  of,  nothing,  as  I  can  see,  except  beer  and  wine. 

The  day  after  Christmas  he  wrote: 

"I  am  sitting  in  the  kitchen  of  our  German  home  here  and  the 
kids  are  making  enough  noise.  Christmas  was  a  pretty  quiet  day  for 
me.  I  went  to  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  show  at  night,  but  it  wasn't  much  of 
a  show.  They  had  six  acts  billed,  but  only  the  band  played  and  one 
fellow  sang.  I  think  we  will  get  to  dance  with  some  of  the  German 
belles,  as  I  hear  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  is  giving  a  dance.  This  is  sure  a  fine 
day  for  December;  there  is  snow  on  the  ground  but  pretty  warm,  but 
I  wouldn't  care  about  getting  in  any  silk  tights.  Just  six  months  ago 
today  we  left  Bloomington  for  Camp  Wheeler.  Time  passes  fast.  Just 
had  a  feast  of  jam  and  sauerkraut  from  a  family.  It  is  a  hard  thing 
to  get  something  to  eat  over  here;  they  are  sure  scarce  of  food." 


496 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 


Center — William  Von  Allman. 

Left   of    Center — William   Leo   Vincent. 

Right    of   Center — A.    Vaughn. 

Above    Center — Elmer   H.   Van    Schoick,    Thos.    C.    Vincent, 

Jas.  M.  Vincent. 
Below    Center — Paul    Vernon,    James  A.    Vaughn. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


497 


CAPT.   JAMES  G.   MELLUISH 

A  Bloomington  man  in  unique  ser- 
vice during  the  war  was  James  G. 
Melluish  who  was  commissioned  cap- 
tain and  appointed  Assistant  Sanitary 
Engineer  with  headquarters  at  St. 
Louis.  He  had  charge  of  the  Ninth 
Ordnance  district,  which  includes  four- 
teen states  lying  west  of  the  Missis- 
sippi river  and  south  of  the  Missouri 
river.  The  personnel  of  his  staff  was 
detailed  from  the  United  States  Public 
Health  department.  Capt.  Melluish 
also  served  as  district  director  of  the 
division  of  Industrial  Hygiene  and 
Medicine,  and  it  was  his  duty  to  speed 
up  the  manufacture  of  war  materials, 
such  as  clothes,  shoes,  munitions,  etc., 
by  improving  conditions  for  the  men 
and  women  engaged.  At  some  insti- 
tutions, it  was  found  that  sanitary  and 
lunching  conditions  were  not  as  they 
should  be  and  an  improvement  was  ef- 
fected. Capt.  Melluish  also  had  charge 
of  a  housing  project  at  Alton,  111., 

which  provided  for  homes  for  300  munition  workers.  Entering  the 
service  September  10,  1918,  Capt.  Melluish  was  actively  engaged  until 
July,  1919,  when  he  received  his  discharge  and  returned  to  Bloomington. 


MRS.   VROOMAN  IN  EUROPE 

Mrs.  Carl  Vrooman  of  Bloomington, 
wife  of  Hon.  Carl  Vroomau,  assistant 
secretary  of  agriculture,  under  President 
Wilson,  spent  about  a  year  in  Europe 
during  and  following  the  war.  She  was 
engaged  in  educational  and  entertain- 
ment work  with  the  American  army,  and 
in  that  capacity  visited  most  of  the  army 
stations.  After  the  armistice  she  went 
with  the  American  forces  in  the  Army 
of  Occupation  in  Germany.  To  help 
while  away  the  time  for  the  soldiers, 
Mrs.  Vrooman  organized  a  jazz  band, 
which  became  famous  throughout  the 
American  occupied  district.  The  band 
had  dates  many  months  ahead.  The 
chief  difficulty  which  Mrs.  Vrooman  en- 
countered was  to  keep  the  members  to- 
gether, as  owing  to  the  many  changes 
which  the  different  army  units  were  com- 
pelled to  make,  the  musicians  were  constantly  shifted  about  from  place 
to  place.  One  time  Mrs.  Vrooman  asked  the  commander  of  a  certain 
unit  to  transfer  two  of  her  men  to  a  certain  village  so  that  they  could 
be  near  the  other  members  of  the  band.  The  commander  replied  that 
if  he  transferred  the  men  to  the  place  as  she  requested,  they  would  be 
the  only  Americans  at  that  place,  for  all  the  other  soldiers  of  our  army 
had  been  taken  out  of  there  that  day. 


498 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 


Top   Row    (left   to   right) — Clifford    Dooley,   William    B. 

Davis. 

Center — John  W.  Decker. 

Second  How — Clay  G.  Dooley,  Frank  E.   Dearth. 
Bottom  Row — Ralph   H.   Dissell,    Ralph  Deane. 


M cLEAN    COUNTY   AND    TEE    WORLD    WAE 


499 


Top   Row    (left   to   right) — Bertram    C.   Hempstead,    Fred   Heppner,    Ovean   Hite, 

Anton    Hildebrandt,    B.    W.    Hawkins,    B.   Parke   Harrison,    Dennis   A.    Hoi- 

lingsworth. 
Second  Row — Walter  G.  Hefler,   C.   Vincent  Healy,   George  W.  Hayes,  Harold  P. 

Hileman,  Ross  Hall,  W.  C.  Hamblin,  Carl  E.  Hall. 
Third    Row — Martin    W.    Hildebrant,    Henry    J.    Hefler,    Lawrence    E.    Hendryx, 

Shelby  A.    Hauffe,    Clair  R.   Harsha,   Joseph  R.  Hinkle,   Otto   Humble. 


THE  CEO1X  DE  GUEEEE 


500 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAE 


Lieut.  Guy  Karr 


Lieut.  Howard  L.  Funk 
Of   Danvers;    August,    1918;    Cen- 
tral   Officers'    Training    School,    Ma- 
chine Guns,  Camp  Hancock,  Augusta, 
Ga. 


Upper    (left    to    rigM) — Herbert    Ewing,    Lee    H. 

Evans,   Fred  Ensminger. 
Below — Deane  M.  Ewing. 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


501 


502 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 


GEN.  PERSHING'S  LOCAL  AFFILIATION 


It  was  an  honor  to  McLean  county  that  Gen.  John  J.  Pershing, 
supreme  commander  of  the  American  forces  in  Europe  during  the  war, 
should  seek  affiliation  with  an  organization  of  veterans  of  the  war  here 
after  the  struggle  was  over.  The  above  is  a  fac-simile  of  his  applica- 
tion card  for  honorary  membership  in  Louis  E.  Davis  Post  of  the  Ameri- 
can Legion.  He  made  out  the  application  while  on  a  train  stopping  in 
Bloomington  one  day  in  the  spring  of  1920. 


MCLEAN  COUNTY  AND  THE  WOELD  WAR 


503 


Wm.  McClellan 


COLFAX  BOY  WOUNDED  IN  BATTLE 

One  of  the  several  heroes  of  the  famous 
Marine  Corps  who  claimed  their  homes  in 
McLean  county  was  William  S.  McClellati, 
son  of  R.  C.  McClellan  of  Coif  ax.  He  was 
severely  wounded  in  action  during  the 
battles  of  June,  1918,  when  the  American 
forces  were  first  putting  the  crimp  in  the 
German  army's  offensive.  Young  Mc- 
Clellan was  many  months  in  a  hospital, 
but  finally  returned  home  and  was  dis- 
charged. He  enlisted  on  April  11,  1917, 
only  five  days  after  the  U.  S.  declaration 
of  war.  He  was  in  Peoria,  then  Chicago, 
then  to  Paris  Island  and  Quantico,  then 
in  July  sailed  from  Philadelphia  for 
France.  He  was  in  the  front  line  much 
of  the  time  from  March,  1918,  until  the 
time  he  was  wounded. 


IN  MANY  WAR-TIME  PARADES 


An  organization  which  became  known  in  most  of  the  public  demon- 
strations during  the  war  time  was  the  McLean  County  Drum  Corps.  It 
led  the  parades  of  different  contingents  of  draft  men  as  they  marched 
to  trains  to  go  to  camp.  It  loaned  its  services  free  to  all  public  affairs 
whenever  desired,  and  was  an  inspiring  factor  on  many  occasions.  The 
members  shown  in  the  picture  herewith  are:  Top  row,  left  to  right: 
Buel  Northrup,  R.  M.  Dearth,  Dana  Sherard,  W.  L.  Martin,  Scott  Price. 
The  front  row:  George  Duncan,  W.  E.  Arrowsmith,  Wallace  Bishop,  W. 
C.  Means,  E.  A.  Vencill. 


504 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


A  PAIE  OF  MCLEAN  COUNTY  FLYERS 


Lieut.  Denny  Henderson 


Lieut.  Earl  Van  Ordstrand 


Ralph  Wurzburger 


Fred  H.  Brennin" 


McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WOELD    WAR 


505 


m 


THREE  BAVISTER  BROTHERS 
AND  OTHERS 


J 


George  Bavister 


John  Bavister 


William  Bavister 


Frank  Lavin 


Geo.  W.  Ostrom 


Ed.  Rainey 


Ernest  Brust 


506 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


DANVERS  MEN  IN  ACTION 

Major  John  E.  Morrison,  son  of 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  E.  Morrison  of  Dan- 
vers,  was  one  of  the  men  who  dis- 
tinguished himself  for  gallantry  in 
battle.  Major  Morrison  was  a 
graduate  of  the  U.  of  I.  law  school, 
and  was  practicing  in  Bloomington 
with  Welty  &  Sterling  when  the 
war  came  on.  He  went  to  the  first 
officers'  training  camp,  then  to 
Plattsburg,  where  he  was  commis- 
sioned captain.  He  was  first  sent 
to  Lawton,  Okla.,  where  he  was  on 
the  staff  of  Maj.  Gen.  Leonard 
Wood  and  was  special  instructor  in 
small  arms.  He  was  commissioned 
major  at  Camp  Funston,  and  on 
May  8,  1918,  he  was  ordered  over- 
seas with  the  89th  division.  First 
landing  in  England  and  then  sent 
to  France,  he  was  under  fire  in  the 
trenches  for  the  first  time  on 
August  8.  He  was  wounded  in  this 
action,  and  was  afterward  awarded 
the  Croix  de  Guerre  with  palms  for 
bravery  in  battle.  He  went  to  Tours 
to  recover  from  his  wound,  and  while  there  the  Germans  bombed  the 
hospital  in  which  he  was,  and  Maj.  Morrison  received  a  slight  wound 
from  shrapnel.  He  was  discharged  from  the  hospital  on  October  1  and 
reported  for  duty.  For  one  month  he  was  instructor,  and  then  went 
to  the  26th  division,  and  was  in  the  trenches  on  the  day  the  Armistice 
was  signed.  He  was  finally  discharged  from  the  service  in  March,  1919. 


Major  John  Morrison 


Few  of  the  men  who  went  out  of 
McLean  county  into  the  war  saw  more 
active  or  continuous  service  than  did 
Arthur  L.  Burdette  of  Danvers,  who 
was  one  of  the  men  who  belonged  to 
the  famous  Marine  Corps,  the  fighting 
brigade  which  with  the  First  Division 
stopped  the  Germans  at  the  Marne. 
Burdette  enlisted  as  a  volunteer  on 
April  20,  1917,  and  was  finally  assigned 
to  the  73rd  Company,  Sixth  regiment. 
He  qualified  as  a  sharpshooter  on  June 
27,  1917,  and  on  October  17  his  regi- 
ment sailed  for  Europe.  The  history 
of  the  Marines  is  familiar.  Burdette 
was  in  the  front  line  in  the  Toulon 
sector  from  March  15  to  May  13,  1918. 
He  was  in  the  defense  of  the  Aisne 
from  May  31  to  June  5.  On  the  6th 
of  June  the  Marines  got  into  action  at 
Chateau  Thierry  and  were  under  fire 
most  of  the  time  till  July  9.  Again  on  July  18  they  got  back  into  action 
in  the  Soissons  sector,  and  remained  there  till  July  21.  From  August 
7  to  17  they  fought  in  the  Marbache  sector.  Being  then  transferred  to 
the  First  Army,  the  regiment  were  in  the  St.  Mihiel  offense  from  Sep- 
tember 12  to  15,  and  in  the  Champagne  sector  October  2  to  13.  In  the 
final  onslaught  of  the  Argonne,  Burdette  took  part  from  November  1 
to  11.  His  regiment  then  marched  to  Coblenz  and  he  served  in  the 
Army  of  Occupation  from  December  1  1918,  until  June  23,  1919.  He 
was  finally  discharged  on  July  22,  1919. 


Arthur  L.   Burdette 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 507 

COUNTY  PRESS  IN  WAR  TIME 

A  factor  of  moment  in  every  energy  which  the  people  of  McLean 
county  expended  in  the  World  War,  was  the  weekly  press  of  the  county. 
The  newspapers  published  in  the  towns  outside  of  Bloomington  come 
into  closer  touch  with  the  people  of  their  several  communities  than  does 
the  daily  press,  and  the  publishers  of  the  weekly  papers  were  among 
the  most  untiring  members  of  the  community  in  their  work  for  victory. 
They  boosted  every  "drive,"  they  kept  the  people  in  touch  with  their 
absent  boys  in  the  army  and  navy  by  publishing  many  letters  from 
them  from  camp  and  field.  They  formed  a  bureau  of  information  about 
the  work  that  women  and  men  at  home  were  doing.  The  editors  be- 
grudged no  amount  of  space  for  this  war-time  information.  To  the 
publishers  of  the  weekly  papers  will  ever  be  due  much  credit  for  their 
work  in  advancing  war-time  interests.  The  names  of  the  county  papers 
and  their  publishers  during  the  war  were  as  follows: 

Heyworth   Natural   Gas — A.   O.   McDowell. 

Chenoa  Clipper-Times — L.  O.  Stansbury  and  W.  H.  Hawthorne. 

Lexington   Unit-Journal — Florence  E.   Wright. 

Leroy  Journal — M.  A.  Cline. 

Saybrook   Gazette — Woolley  Bros. 

Coif  ax  Press — Entwistle  &  Van  Alstyne;   H.  C.  Van  Alstyne;  Editor. 

Danvers  Independent — Albert  C.   Gingerich. 

McLean  Lens — Crihfield  Bros. 

Stanford  Star — Crihfield  Bros.;    F.  L.   Garst,  local  editor. 

Gridley  Advance — Stansbury  &  Hawthorne. 


UNITED  WAR  WORK  DRIVE 

The  last  great  drive  in  which  McLean  County  people  took  part  in 
the  war,  aside  from  the  fifth  liberty  loan,  was  what  was  called  the 
United  War  Work,  it  being  a  joint  fund  raised  for  seven  different 
humanitarian  projects  connected  with  the  war.  The  organizations  par- 
ticipating in  this  fund  were  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  the  Y.  W.  C.  A.,  the 
Knights  of  Columbus  and  the  National  Catholic  War  Council,  the  Jewish 
Welfare  Board,  The  American  Library  Association,  and  the  Salvation 
Army.  The  quota  first  assigned  to  McLean  county  for  this  united  fund 
was  $111,000,  but  the  drive  came  to  pass  just  as  the  war  ended,  and 
it  was  seen  that  additional  funds  would  be  needed  for  the  demobilization 
period,  hence  the  county's  quota  was  raised  to  $167,000.  The  drive  be- 
gan on  Monday,  November  11,  1918,  the  very  day  when  the  armistice 
was  signed.  It  lasted  a  week,  and  resulted  in  the  county  more  than 
reaching  its  quota.  H.  O.  Stone  was  general  chairman  of  the  drive, 
with  a  thoro  organization  in  every  precinct  and  township.  The  school 
children  were  organized  all  over  the  county  into  Victory  Boys  and 
Victory  Girls  clubs,  and  they  took  an  important  part  in  the  campaign. 

The  result  was  a  subscription  of  $168,652,  or  over  $1,600  above  the 
super-total  of  the  quota.  The  results  by  townships  were  as  follows:  Dry 
Grove,  $1,642;  Bloomington  township,  $2,047;  Dale,  $2,726;  Anchor, 
$2,308;  Allin,  $4,214;  Arrowsmith,  $2,163;  Bellflower,  $3,152;  city  of 
Bloomington  $61,400;  Blue  Mound,  $3,383;  Cropsey,  $1,793;  Chenoa, 
$5,455;  Cheney's  Grove,  $4,356;  Danvers,  $4,677;  Dawson,  $2,476; 
Downs,  $2,137;  Empire,  $7,380;  Funk's  Grove,  $3,276;  Gridley  $5,462; 
Hudson,  $1,269;  Lawndale,  $1,863;  Lexington,  $5,698;  Martin,  $4,151; 
Money  Creek,  $2,431;  Mt.  Hope,  $5,565;  Normal,  $11,423;  Old  Town, 
$1,091;  Randolph,  $5,129;  Towanda,  $3,784;  West,  $2,349;  White  Oak, 
$1,662;  Yates,  $2,184.  The  township  of  Empire  did  the  remarkable  feat 
of  raising  their  entire  quota  of  $7,370  in  a  single  day,  the  first  day  of 
the  campaign. 


508 McLEAN   COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 

VETERANS  OF  FOREIGN  WARS 

John  H.  Kraus  Post,  Veterans  of  Foreign  Wars,  was  organized  in 
Bloomington  on  June  11,  1920,  when  a  list  of  names  were  taken  at  a 
meeting  in  the  Association  of  Commerce  auditorium  for  the  filling  out 
of  a  charter.  The  following  officers  were  elected  at  that  time: 

Commander,  John  J.  Million;  Senior  vice-commander,  Lee  F.  Lishka; 
Junior  vice-commander,  William  B.  Geneva;  Quartermaster,  Charles  W. 
Silvers;  Trustees,  Fred  E.  Shoup,  Chester  Hull,  George  A.  Kraus. 
There  were  sixty  charter  members  of  the  post.  The  success  of  the  initial 
work  of  organization  may  be  attributed  equally  to  enthusiastic  mem- 
bers of  the  Spanish  American  War  Veterans  and  to  the  World  Wai- 
Overseas  Men.  The  only  limitation  to  membership  is  that  a  candidate 
must  have  fought  overseas  for  the  United  States.  Provision  is  made 
so  that  overseas  fighters  of  America's  allies  in  the  World  War  may 
also  join. 

The  name  of  the  post  is  that  of  a  young  soldier  who  enlisted  at 
the  very  outset  of  the  war  from  his  home  on  a  farm  near  Danvers  and 
went  to  France  with  Pershing's  first  contingents.  He  was  killed  while 
fighting  after  an  honorable  record  at  Chateau  Thierry,  Montdidier  and 
Soissons.  The  post  secured  the  third  floor  of  the  building  at  111  North 
Main  street  for  their  "dugout"  and  moved  in  July  16th,  a  month  after 
organization. 


WOMEN'S   COUNCIL   OF  DEFENSE 

Very  active  in  the  promotion  of  the  work  of  the  Women's  Commit- 
tee of  the  National  Council  of  Defense  in  McLean  county  during  the 
war,  was  Mrs.  Frank  O.  Hanson,  who  traveled  over  the  country  and  con- 
sulted with  the  representatives  of  the  committee  at  various  time.  The 
women  did  a  work  in  keeping  up  the  morale  of  the  population  which 
is  hard  to  over-estimate.  The  representatives  in  the  various  townships 
were  as  follows:  Lexington,  Mrs.  James  McCullough;  Chenoa,  Mrs.  A. 
B.  Hiett;  West,  Mrs.  William  Dean;  Arrowsmith,  Mrs.  H.  A.  Ball; 
Martin,  Mrs.  Pearl  Mclntosh;  Lawndale,  Mrs.  Charles  Atkinson;  Yates, 
Mrs.  Carrie  Eckhart;  Cheney's  Grove,  Mrs.  Frank  Anderson,  Miss  Jessie 
Youle;  Anchor,  Miss  Minnie  Martens;  Cropsey,  Mrs.  Maud  Crum; 
Eandolph,  Mrs.  L.  F.  Rutledge;  Mt.  Hope,  Mrs.  Harry  M.  Palmer; 
Funk's  Grove,  Mrs.  Eugene  Funk;  Empire,  Mrs.  Arthur  Keenan;  Downs, 
Mrs,  J.  G.  Corey;  Towanda,  Mrs.  S.  S.  Boulton;  Old  Town,  Mrs.  John 
Stableton;  Gridley,  Mrs.  John  Whiteman;  Bloomington  township.  Mrs. 
W.  E.  Reeves,  Mrs.  Dell  Deems. 


LOST   ON   THE   OTRANTO 

William  Ralston,  a  Wesleyan  law  student,  who  lived  in  Bloomington 
during  his  college  course,  was  one  of  the  soldiers  who  were  drowned 
when  the  transport  Otranto  was  sunk  off  the  Island  of  Islay,  near  the 
English  coast  in  October,  1918.  Young  Ralston 's  home  was  at  Ver- 
mont, 111.  He  had  made  a  fine  record  as  a  student  at  the  Wesleyan,  and 
his  death  was  mourned.  He  was  a  cousin  of  Miss  Lulu  Crothers  and 
Mrs.  C.  A.  Stephenson  of  Bloomington. 


McLEAN    COUNTY    AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


509 


THREE   SCHULTZ   BROTHERS 


Joseph  Schultz 


Alphonse  Schultz 


Andrew   Schultz 


Harvey  M.  Otto 


CROPSEY  WAR  WORKERS 

The  Red  Cross  branch  at  Cropsey  was  one  of  the  very  active  ones 
in  the  county  diiring  the  war,  and  produced  thousands  of  articles  for 
the  comfort  of  the  service  men,  besides  thousands  of  dollars  for  the 
general  work.  Rev.  A.  J.  Jolly,  whose  son  was  one  of  those  whose  life 
was  sacrificed  in  the  war,  was  the  chairman;  Mrs.  D.  E.  Crum,  vice 
chairman,  and  Mrs.  Charles  Cumpston,  secretary,  during  the  active  days 
of  the  organization. 


510 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 


TWO  WATCHINSKI  BROTHERS 
AND   OTHERS 


William  Watchinski   (overseas) 


Frank  Watchinski 


Geo.  Stautz 


John  O'Connor 


Floyd  M.  Smythe 


L.  H.  Crosland  Harlan  M.  Johnson 


McLEAN    COUNTY   AND    THE    WORLD    WAR 511 

GREAT  FACTS  OF  THE  WAR 

The  world  war  began  July  28,  1914,  and  ended  November  10,  1918. 
Thus  it  lasted  four  years,  three  months  and  15  days — 1,567  days.  As  the 
war  map  was  painted  the  Central  powers  were  victorious  for  four  years 
less  ten  days.  Then  in  just  115  days  Marshal  Foch  and  the  Allies  de- 
stroyed autocracy.  In  casualties  the  entente  nations  lost  in  dead  and 
wounded  15,525,000  men,  and  the  Central  Powers,  12,350,000  a  total  of 
27,875,000.  The  dead  probably  number  10,000,000  of  that  total. 

In  money,  the  estimated  cost  of  this  gigantic  conflict  is  approxi- 
mately $250,000,000,000.  Following  is  the  estimated  loss  to  each  nation: 

The  Allies 

Great   Britain    $  52,000,000,000 

United   States    40,000,000,000 

France   32,000,000,000 

Eussia 30,000,000,000 

Italy 12,000,000,000 

Roumania   3,000,000,000 

Serbia 3,000,000,000 


Total    $172,000,000,000 

The  Central  Powers 

Germany   $  45,000,000,000 

Austria-Hungary .• .      25,000,000,000 

Turkey 5,000,000,000 

Bulgaria 2,000,000,000 


Total    $  77,000,000,000 

About  $150,000,000,000  of  the  total  war  cost  was  raised  by  war 
loans  of  various  nations  and  comparatively  little  by  taxation.  The 
public  debt  of  the  principal  Entente  Allies  was  calculated  at  approxi- 
mately $105,000,000,000,  or  more  than  twice  as  much  as  the  aggregate 
debt  of  the  Central  Powers,  set  at  $45,000,000,000. 

An  estimate  was  made  six  months  after  the  close  of  the  war,  of 
the  number  of  American  fighting  men  buried  on  the  soil  of  France.  The 
total  was  close  to  75,000,  the  total  casualties  being  stated  as  follows: 

Net 
Army  Marines  total 

Killed  in  action    32,232  1,473  33,705 

Died   of  wounds 13,412  742  .14,154 

Died  of  disease 22,404  284  22,688 

Died,  other  causes 4,025  11  4,036 


Total  dead    72,023  2,510  74,583 

Taken  prisoner    4,702  75  4,777 

Missing  in  action 4,852  99  4,951 

Wounded 194,808  3,224  108,037 


Grand  total    282,348 

The  total  casualties  shown  do  not  represent  individuals  but  casual- 
ties reported,  as  most  of  the  "died  of  wounds"  were  previously  re- 
ported wounded  and,  in  many  cases,  men  have  been  wounded  more  than 
once. 


512 


PEACE 

(From  Daily  Pantagraph,  November  13,  1918) 


A  continent  unbends  its  back; 

Shakes  off  the   sackcloth  of  its  woe; 
Eising  to   smile  amid  its  tears, 

To  greet  him  friend  who  late  was  foe. 
Armies  go  trooping  home.     And.  ships 

In  flag-decked  harbors  find  surcease 
From  bloody  work  upon  the  seas — 

Twelve   nations  hail  the  joy  of   peace. 

But  not  until  the  healing  years 

Their  sweetened  boon  shall  bring  again, 
Shall  vanquish  all   the   scars   of  war — 

These  wrecks  of  towns  and  wrecks  of  men. 
And  even  not  the  healing  years 

From  stoic  grief  may  bring  release 
To   widows,    orphans,   mourning    them 

Who  come  not  home  with  welcomed  peace. 

For,    'crost   the  face  of   war-scarred   lands 

Wind   fresh-turned   mounds   o'er  plain    and  hill. 
And  silent  stars  shine  mournfully 

On  miles  of  crosses,  white  and   still. 
In  darkened  caverns  of  the  sea, 

Where   rolling   waters   never   cease — 
The  dead  are  there,  the  myriad  slain; 

For  them,  alas,  a  voiceless  peace. 

Columbia!    Forth  chastened   stand, 

Unpuffed  of  pride  in  victory  won; 
Thy  hallowed  sword,  puissant  hand 

Withdraw — their   blows  in  justice  done. 
Blood-purged   of  all  imperial  trace, 

May  all  the  sons  of  men  hence  see 
Effulgent   from  thy  radiant   face, 

New  Life,  new  Hope,  new  Liberty. 

Jacob   Louis   Hasbrouck. 


UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS-URBANA 


